Статті в журналах: "Experimental-analytical mechanism verification"

1

Wu, Haitao, Leijie Lai, and Limin Zhu. "Analytical model and experimental verification of an elliptical bridge-type compliant displacement amplification mechanism." Review of Scientific Instruments 92, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 055109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0047420.

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Chang, Wen-Tung, Wei-I. Lee, and Kuan-Lun Hsu. "Analysis and Experimental Verification of Mechanical Errors in Nine-Link Type Double-Toggle Mold/Die Clamping Mechanisms." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 17, 2021): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020832.

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Nine-link type double-toggle mold/die clamping mechanisms are widely used in modern injection molding machines and die casting machines in order to provide sufficient mold/die clamping force for counteracting the pressure occurred inside molds/dies. In this paper, the analysis and experimental evaluation of mechanical errors in nine-link type double-toggle mold/die clamping mechanisms are presented. The kinematic error equations of the output link (i.e., the moving platen) caused by dimensional errors (or tolerances) of link members are derived analytically through the concept of tolerance sensitivity analysis. Evaluation indices based on the asymmetry of the mold/die clamping mechanism caused by mechanical errors are established. A case study is then given to demonstrate the derived analytical equations and the established evaluation indices. Subsequently, a prototype for performing the experimental evaluation is conceptually designed and was actually constructed. Experiments were conducted for evaluating the quantitative influence of mechanical errors on the operating performance of the constructed mold/die clamping mechanism. According to the experimental results, response surface modelling for benefiting the constructed mold/die clamping mechanism with better operating performance could be performed. The presented research results will be helpful in the tolerance analysis and mechanical error detection of nine-link type double-toggle mold/die clamping mechanisms.

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3

Leu, M. C., P. Meng, E. S. Geskin, and L. Tismeneskiy. "Mathematical Modeling and Experimental Verification of Stationary Waterjet Cleaning Process." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 120, no. 3 (August 1, 1998): 571–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2830161.

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The use of stationary waterjet for the removal of coating material from the substrate is investigated analytically and experimentally. In the analysis, the cleaning width as a function of standoff distance, water pressure, and nozzle radius is derived by considering the structure of waterjet and the cleaning mechanism. Also derived are the relations of the optimal cleaning standoff distance and maximum cleaning width to the critical cleaning standoff distance, and how the water pressure and nozzle radius affect this critical standoff distance. These derived analytical relations are verified with experimental results.

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4

Guo, Qi-Zhen, and Chuan-Pu Liu. "Derivation of analytical equations with experimental verification for working mechanism of triboelectric nanogenerators in contact-separation mode." Nano Energy 76 (October 2020): 104969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104969.

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5

Li, Peng, Zheng-Rong Tong, and Wei-Hua Zhang. "Analytical model establishment and attitude calculation of a parallel leaf-spring carrying mechanism." Mechanical Sciences 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-13-311-2022.

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Abstract. In this paper, a novel parallel leaf-spring carrying mechanism (PLCM) is investigated using a compliance-matrix-based approach. For the analytical modeling and attitude calculation, the geometric errors of the flexible arm, including the height and the top plane's direction, are considered, and the displacement method is used to calculate the equilibrium attitude. The influence of the equilibrium attitude at different heights and the initial tilts of the top planes are analyzed separately. The validity and effectiveness of the attitude calculation are illustrated by experimental verification. The laser triangulation coordinate method is used for attitude measurement. The deviations of the normal vector between the calculation results and measurement results are smaller than 2×10-4, which is small enough to satisfy practical requirements. This can be used to guarantee stable and accurate wafer transfer in a lithography machine. Therefore, it can be concluded that the methods employed for analytical model establishment and attitude calculation can be used as a reference for the analysis and design of a complex parallel compliant mechanism.

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6

Oddo, Maria Concetta, Giovanni Minafò, and Lidia La Mendola. "Constitutive Models for the Tensile Behaviour of TRM Materials: Literature Review and Experimental Verification." Materials 14, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14030700.

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In recent years, the scientific community has focused its interest on innovative inorganic matrix composite materials, namely TRM (Textile Reinforced Mortar). This class of materials satisfies the need of retrofitting existing masonry buildings, by keeping the compatibility with the substrate. Different recent studies were addressed to improve the knowledge on their mechanical behaviour and some theoretical models were proposed for predicting the tensile response of TRM strips. However, this task is complex due to the heterogeneity of the constituent materials and the stress transfer mechanism developed between matrix and fabric through the interface in the cracked stage. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review on the existing constitutive models for the tensile behavior of TRM composites. Literature experimental results of tensile tests on TRM coupons are presented and compared with the most relevant analytical models proposed until now. Finally, a new experimental study is presented and its results are used to further verify the reliability of the literature expressions.

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7

Ito, Fumio, Shunichi Kurumaya, Riki Ono, Katsushi Kagaya, and Taro Nakamura. "Instantaneous Force Generation Mechanism Based on the Striking Motion of Mantis Shrimp-Analytical and Experimental Verification of the Increase in Instantaneous Force Using Exoskeleton Spring Mechanism." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 6, no. 4 (October 2021): 6678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lra.2021.3094740.

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8

Yan, Zheng. "Distribution parameter modeling and experimental verification of constant-pressure variable displacement pump." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 12 (December 2021): 168781402110671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16878140211067150.

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To provide a precise model of dynamic components in the constant pressure pump, and to improve the accuracy of dynamic calculation of the constant-pressure hydraulic system in its design stage, the research undertook mapping on a particular constant pressure pump and determined its basic structural parameters. Then, with the AMESim software, the research adopted separate structures from the level of basic components to establish the model of single-piston pump, the model of variable displacement pump, and the model of adjustable mechanism for the swashplate, respectively. The three models were combined with the constant-pressure variable displacement pump before it was encapsulated in a super component. By controlling the flow discharge of the constant pressure pump, and by switching on and off the constant pressure valve with the internal and long-distance pressure control, the research undertook the simulative test and the corresponding experimental test on the characteristics of pressure response of the constant pressure pump. The results of both tests agreed well with each other. Thus, it verifies the precision of the established constant pressure pump model in performing accurately in response design and analytical calculation.

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9

Hsu, Quang Cherng, and Yan Chau Huang. "Establish Fatigue Life Mechanism for Self Run Bushing By Engineering Analysis Methods." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1165.

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Along with social progress, people pay attention to health. Modern people choose the gym to maintain posture and body functions well, therefore, the gym popularize everywhere. Popularity of expensive fitness equipment to bring a lot of convenience, but different users share of fitness equipment have different condition, often caused damage by use, which is the most important factor for the material fatigue damage. This study chose the exercise bike parts “self run bushing” to create a fatigue life assessment mechanism. In this study, to the fatigue analysis was conducted, by using finite element analysis according to the material S-N curve and Miner cumulative damage theory in a series of cyclic loading. To analyze fatigue life, analytical and experimental studies through mutual verification were conducted which can obtain the expectation life period of the self run bushing. The load spectrum based on different user can also be considered in this study. Based on the design frequency from different users, after the study of distribution of reliability and failure, the most appropriate time-out and the best replacement time can be obtained.

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10

Caro, Carlos, Pedro Quaresma, Eulália Pereira, Jaime Franco, Manuel Pernia Leal, Maria García-Martín, Jose Royo, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Elongated-Shaped Silver Nanoparticles as a Biocompatible Anisotropic SERS Probe for Intracellular Imaging: Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Verification." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (February 13, 2019): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020256.

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Progress in the field of biocompatible SERS nanoparticles has promising prospects for biomedical applications. In this work, we have developed a biocompatible Raman probe by combining anisotropic silver nanoparticles with the dye rhodamine 6G followed by subsequent coating with bovine serum albumin. This nanosystem presents strong SERS capabilities in the near infrared (NIR) with a very high (2.7 × 107) analytical enhancement factor. Theoretical calculations reveal the effects of the electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms in the observed SERS effect for this nanosystem. Finite element method (FEM) calculations showed a considerable near field enhancement in NIR. Using density functional quantum chemical calculations, the chemical enhancement mechanism of rhodamine 6G by interaction with the nanoparticles was probed, allowing us to calculate spectra that closely reproduce the experimental results. The nanosystem was tested in cell culture experiments, showing cell internalization and also proving to be completely biocompatible, as no cell death was observed. Using a NIR laser, SERS signals could be detected even from inside cells, proving the applicability of this nanosystem as a biocompatible SERS probe.

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Yamamoto, Shunki, Seiji Aoyagi, Masahiro Yamada, Tomokazu Takahashi, Masato Suzuki, Toshio Nagashima, Atsushi Kunugi, et al. "A Puncturing Device that Mimics the Mechanism of Mosquito’s Proboscis and Labium - Verification of the Effect of Skin Deformation / Needle Buckling Prevention Mechanism and Puncture Experiment on Artificial Skin and Experimental Animals –." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0117.

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This paper proposes a mechanism for preventing needle buckling and skin deformation by mimicking the mosquito’s labium and discusses a puncturing device with a jig-integrated microneedle, based on the proposed mechanism. A sheet simplifying this mechanism was attached to an artificial skin’s surface, and experiments to puncture this artificial skin and corresponding finite element method (FEM) analysis were conducted. It was confirmed that the deformation of the puncture target and the puncture resistance force decreased with the use of the sheet. Based on these experimental and FEM-analytical results, a puncturing device with a jig-integrated needle has been designed and fabricated with 3D laser lithography. Experiments have been conducted with the fabricated device to puncture an artificial skin and the skin of a nude mouse to determine needle buckling prevention and the reduction in skin deformation. The study successfully samples blood from the mouse without stagnation of blood flow.

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12

Coronelli, Dario, Raoul François, Hiep Dang, and Wen Jun Zhu. "The Assessment of Flexural and Shear Strength of R/C Members with Chloride Attack." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.29.

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Within the scope of assessment of deteriorating R/C structures, the paper proposes analytical models for the strength of corroded reinforced concrete beams: bending, shear, and bond are considered. Strut and tie models are adapted to include the corrosion effects on geometry, material properties and the load-resisting mechanism; uniform corrosion and pitting are considered. The Model Code 2010 provisions for bond and its deterioration due to low and medium corrosion levels are used for the verification of the models against experimental data of simply supported beams under 3 or 4-point flexure, showing different modes of failure. The innovative contributions are the consideration of bond deterioration effects in the models, with different shear span-to-depth ratios, and the comparison with tests from different campaigns in the literature, using either natural corrosion, environmental corrosion under load or slow artificial corrosion.

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13

Vainiunas, Povilas, Vladimiras Popovas, and Andrej Jarmolajev. "NON-LINEAR 3D MODELLING OF RC SLAB PUNCHING SHEAR FAILURE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2004): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2004.9636324.

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Modern technologies of 3D computer modelling with the help of finite‐element methods of numerical analysis in non‐linear aproach enable a reliable simulation of real reinforced concrete slabs behaviour under the conditions of complicated stress‐strain state in all the stages of their behaviour under loading, including a stage of elasticity‐plasticity state in concrete and reinforcement as well as formation and development of destruction mechanism. Numerical methods of modelling of critical behaviour of structures go beyond the borders of scientific research, being increasingly applied for solving non‐trivial engineering tasks when it becomes evident that possibilities of analytical approach, acceptable for the existing design codes are not sufficient. In such a case an exceptional attention is to be paid for verification of calculated models against experimental research of similar numeric models. This article reviews a case of complex experimental‐theoretical and numerical calculation and analysis methods applied for a reinforced concrete floor slab and column connection. The object of research is of exceptional interest as for practical calculation methods for this type of constructions following design norms of different countries revision and additional processing are necessary. The results of the reinforced concrete floor slab and column junction computer model non‐linear numerical analysis are presented and compared with the results of an experimental study.

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14

Li, Jin, Chang Jun Liu, Xin Wen Xiong, Yi Fan Liu, and Wen Jun Zhang. "A computationally efficient model to capture the inertia of the piezoelectric stack in impact drive mechanism in the case of the in-pipe inspection application." Mechanical Sciences 7, no. 1 (March 17, 2016): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-7-79-2016.

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Abstract. This paper presents a new model for the piezoelectric actuator (PA) in the context of in the impact drive mechanism (IDM) for the in-pipe inspection application. The feature of the model is capturing the inertia of PA stack in a distributed manner as opposed to the lumped manner in literature. The benefit arising from this feature is a balanced trade-off between computational efficiency and model accuracy. The study presented in this paper included both theoretical development (i.e. the model of the piezoelectric actuator and the model of the entire IDM which includes the actuator) and experimental verification of the model. The study has shown that (1) the inertia of the PA in such a robot will significantly affect the accuracy of the entire model of IDM and (2) the simulation of the dynamic behavior with the proposed model is sufficiently accurate by comparing with the experiment. It is thus recommended that the inertia of the PA be considered in the entire model of the IDM robot. The model is an analytical type, which has a high potential to be used for the model-based control of the IDM robot and optimization of its design for a much improved performance of the IDM system.

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15

Majcher, Maciej, Stanisław Wrzesień, and Michał Frant. "Numerical and experimental verification of analytical project of the axial fan." Mechanik 92, no. 8-9 (September 9, 2019): 591–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2019.8-9.75.

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The paper presents a comparison of basic axial fan characteristics obtained by three research methods: analytical, experimental and numerical. Characteristics of the total pressure, efficiency and power were analyzed. The influence of the geometry deviation of the manufactured rotor rim from the assumptions resulting from the analytical design was discussed. The correctness of the axial fan designing scheme based on analytical, numerical and experimental methods was confirmed.

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16

Assarzadeh, Saeed, and Majid Ghoreishi. "Electro-thermal-based finite element simulation and experimental validation of material removal in static gap single-spark die-sinking electro-discharge machining process." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 1 (August 8, 2016): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415572661.

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Existing single spark models are subjected to too simplistic assumptions such as uniform or point heat source, constant plasma radius, invariable materials properties and constant surface temperature during discharge making them far from reality. In this study, more realistic assumptions including Gaussian type distribution of spark heat flux, temperature dependent materials properties, latent heat of melting and expanding plasma channel with pulse current and time have been made to establish a comprehensive modeling platform. The ABAQUS FEM software has been used to simulate the mechanism of crater formation due to a single discharge. The non-uniform thermal flux was programmed through the DFLUX subroutine. The simulation results show that the temperature of work piece decreases as the discharge time increases while the volume of melted and evaporated material increases. A specially designed single spark experimental set-up was developed in laboratory to carry out a few single spark tests for verification purposes. The obtained craters morphologies were examined by optical microscopy and scanning profilometer. It has been shown that the present approach outperforms other previously developed thermal models with respect to cavity outline and size possessing the maximum confirmation errors of 18.1% and 14.1% in predicting crater radius and depth, respectively. Parametric analysis reveals that the melting boundary moves onward by increasing discharge current, whereas it moves back prolonging discharge time. Finally, a closer proximity to experimental material removal rates than those predicted by analytical approach has been recognized which confirms its more precise generalization capabilities towards the real state EDM process.

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17

Manohar, M., T. Selvaraj, D. Sivakumar, and Koshy M. George. "Modeling of Turning Parameters for Inconel 718 Alloy using ANN." Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 14, no. 04 (September 29, 2015): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219686715500134.

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For machining a component, it is important to understand the characteristics of work material in order to choose the appropriate cutting tool and to fix a set of machining parameters to achieve optimum output. Analytical models of machining processes require complete understanding of process mechanism and hence are difficult to be developed. Once developed, these models are useful in parametric optimization, process simulation, operation and process planning, process parameter selection, parametric analysis, process performance prediction, verification of the experimental results, and improving the process performance by implementing/incorporating the theoretical findings. Neural network models associated with artificial intelligence are known as artificial neural networks (ANNs) which are simple mathematical models in the form of defining a function. This work presents the details of the experiments carried out for data acquisition, method of building the ANN models and their validation. These models can be used for predicting the output for a chosen set of input variables or for a specific desired output, finding the set of input variables to be chosen. This work resulted in developing models for the turning process for Inconel 718 alloy in a scientific manner. It also enables further scope of identifying the optimized set of turning parameters for Inconel 718 material using the newly developed coated carbide tools, achieving quality surface and productivity.

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18

BOOS, W., and A. THESS. "Thermocapillary flow in a Hele-Shaw cell." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 352 (December 10, 1997): 305–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112097007477.

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We formulate a simple theoretical model that permits one to investigate surface-tension-driven flows with complex interface geometry. The model consists of a Hele-Shaw cell filled with two different fluids and subjected to a unidirectional temperature gradient. The shape of the interface that separates the fluids can be arbitrarily complex. If the contact line is pinned, i.e. unable to move, the problem of calculating the flow in both fluids is governed by a linear set of equations containing the characteristic aspect ratio and the viscosity ratio as the only input parameters. Analytical solutions, derived for a linear interface and for a circular drop, demonstrate that for large aspect ratio the flow field splits into a potential core flow and a thermocapillary boundary layer which acts as a source for the core. An asymptotic theory is developed for this limit which reduces the mathematical problem to a Laplace equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions. This problem can be efficiently solved utilizing a boundary element method. It is found that the thermocapillary flow in non-circular drops has a highly non-trivial streamline topology. After releasing the assumption of a pinned interface, a linear stability analysis is carried out for the interface under both transverse and longitudinal temperature gradients. For a semi-infinite fluid bounded by a freely movable surface long-wavelength instability due to the temperature gradient across the surface is predicted. The mechanism of this instability is closely related to the long-wave instability in surface-tension-driven Bénard convection. A linear interface heated from the side is found to be linearly stable. The possibility of experimental verification of the predictions is briefly discussed.

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19

Marszalek, Piotr, Jerzy J. Zieliński, and Magdalena Fikus. "Experimental verification of a theoretical treatment of the mechanism of dielectrophoresis." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry 276, no. 3 (December 1989): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(89)87271-7.

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20

Thomas, R., M. Ganesa-Pillai, P. B. Aswath, K. L. Lawrence, and A. Hajisheikh. "Analytical/Finite-element modeling and experimental verification of spray-cooling process in steel." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 29, no. 5 (May 1998): 1485–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0364-y.

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21

Donoghue, M., R. Stevenson, Y. J. Kwon, and N. Triantafyllidis. "An Experimental Verification of the Hemispherical Cup Puckering Problem." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 111, no. 3 (July 1, 1989): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226463.

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In this work is presented an experimental study of the hemispherical cup puckering test. This investigation is motivated by some theoretical as well as by some practical reasons which are elaborated upon in the introduction. After a brief outline of the analytical model and the corresponding numerical solution technique, the presentation continues with a description of the experimental procedure. A comparison between the experimental and the theoretical results is given next followed by a critical discussion.

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22

Wiggert, D. C., R. S. Otwell, and F. J. Hatfield. "The Effect of Elbow Restraint on Pressure Transients." Journal of Fluids Engineering 107, no. 3 (September 1, 1985): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3242500.

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Transient pressure in piped liquid is a function of structural restraint at elbows. If supported rigidly, an elbow causes no appreciable alteration of the pressure transient generated by rapid valve closure. However, if the support is relaxed, significant alteration is observed. Motion of the elbow, driven by axial stresses in the pipe and by the liquid pressure, causes the alteration. Experimental data are presented to support these contentions. Two mechanisms are proposed as causes of the observed interaction of transient pressure and pipe motion. Verification that the mechanisms have been identified correctly is given by comparison of the experimental data to predictions of an analytical model that incorporates the mechanisms.

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23

Collins, Michael, and Bohumil Kasal. "Dynamically loaded light-frame wood stud walls: experimental verification of an analytical model." Materials and Structures 43, no. 9 (December 24, 2009): 1203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-009-9575-y.

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24

Schulz, H. E., and D. Z. Zhu. "Oscillations of Water Levels in Vertical Semi-Immersed Tubes: Analytical Solutions and Experimental Verification." Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 10, no. 6 (November 1, 2017): 1515–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/jafm.73.245.27652.

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25

Manevitch, L. I., E. Gourdon, and C. H. Lamarque. "Towards the Design of an Optimal Energetic Sink in a Strongly Inhomogeneous Two-Degree-of-Freedom System." Journal of Applied Mechanics 74, no. 6 (August 2, 2006): 1078–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2711221.

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Analytical, numerical, and experimental results of energy pumping in a strongly inhomogeneous two-degree-of-freedom system are to be presented in this study. The latter is based both on efficient analytical solution and comparative analysis for various types of energetic sinks. Considering the efficient pumping process as damped beating with strong energy transfer, it is shown that we can design the sinks with amplitude-phase variables which provide the most efficient result. In this study, the main types of energetic sinks are to be compared. Computer simulation has confirmed the analytical predictions which had been obtained. Experimental verification of the analytical prediction is considered for a particular type of sink.

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26

Kadir, Andi M., Dedi Priadi, Eddy S. Siradj, and Harkali Setiyono. "Developing a Strength Analytical Method of a Thin-Walled Steel SHS Beam by Combine Theory of Plastic Mechanisms and Non-Linear Elastic." Advanced Materials Research 746 (August 2013): 428–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.746.428.

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The research objective is focused in developing a strength analytical method of a thin-walled steel square pipe (Square Hollow Section/SHS) affected by the interaction of concentrated-compressive load and bending moment. This strength analytical method is based on two different approaches, namely plastic mechanisms and elastic theories. This is called the method of cut-off strength. In this research, it has also been carried out to test the strength of the investigated beam under the interaction of concentrated-compressive load and bending moment. In order to essess the accuracy of the analytical method developed, estimate data of this method is also verified by comparing it to the actual one measured from experiments. The verification indicated that the estimated data, on average, deviates from the experimental one by 5 %.

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Trebuňa, František, František Šimčák, Miroslav Pástor, and Patrik Šarga. "Residual Stress Analysis in Containers for Transport of Radioactive Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 732 (February 2015): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.732.28.

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During verification of safe operation of containers for radioactive waste is possible to use analytical, numerical and experimental methods of mechanics. Determination of residual stresses was one part of analysis. The residual stresses in container body can be induced during their production, overloading during operation, radiation or by thermal processes. In the paper are presented results from analysis of residual stresses in containers by using strain-gage hole-drilling method.

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28

Singal, R. K., D. J. Gorman, and S. A. Forgues. "A comprehensive analytical solution for free vibration of rectangular plates with classical edge coditions: Experimental verification." Experimental Mechanics 32, no. 1 (March 1992): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02317979.

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Rao, Xufeng, Xiaolin Shao, Jie Xu, Jin Yi, Jinli Qiao, Qingyu Li, Hongqiang Wang, et al. "Efficient nitrate removal from water using selected cathodes and Ti/PbO2 anode: Experimental study and mechanism verification." Separation and Purification Technology 216 (June 2019): 158–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.02.009.

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30

Wu, Huihuan, Sha Tu, Zewei Zhuo, Rui Jiang, Ruijie Zeng, Qi Yang, Qizhou Lian, Weihong Sha, and Hao Chen. "Investigating the Mechanisms of Bisdemethoxycurcumin in Ulcerative Colitis: Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 21, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010068.

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that is hard to cure once diagnosed. Bisdemethoxycurcumin has shown positive effects on inflammatory diseases. However, the underlying bioactive interaction between bisdemethoxycurcumin and ulcerative colitis is unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the core target and potential mechanism of action of bisdemethoxycurcumin as a therapy for ulcerative colitis. The public databases were used to identify potential targets for bisdemethoxycurcumin and ulcerative colitis. To investigate the potential mechanisms, the protein-protein interaction network, gene ontology analysis, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis have been carried out. Subsequently, experimental verification was conducted to confirm the findings. A total of 132 intersecting genes of bisdemethoxycurcumin, as well as ulcerative coli-tis-related targets, were obtained. SRC, EGFR, AKT1, and PIK3R1 were the targets of highest potential, and the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways may be essential for the treatment of ulcerative colitis by bisdemethoxycurcumin. Molecular docking demonstrated that bisdemethoxycurcumin combined well with SRC, EGFR, PIK3R1, and AKT1. Moreover, the in vitro experiments suggested that bisdemethoxycurcumin might reduce LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in RAW264.7 cells by suppressing PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. Our study provided a comprehensive overview of the potential targets and molecular mechanism of bisdemethoxycurcumin against ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, it also provided a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis, as well as compelling evidence for further study on the mechanism of bisdemethoxycurcumin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

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31

Praveen, Jakkana Peter, and Boggarapu Nageswara Rao. "Reinvestigation on Assessing the Stability of Mullagulov Tested Steel Rods under Follower Forces." Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology 30, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 801–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/pjst.30.1.44.

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Dynamic instability is an interesting topic in the mechanics of elastic structures. Though the subject has been formed by many analytical, numerical, and experimental investigations, it has many issues, as evidenced from the critical overview of Elishakoff. Furthermore, the controversial articles of Koiter and Sugiyama on unrealistic and realistic follower forces demand experimental verification. Mullagulov has proposed a device for creating the follower forces and tested steel rods under compression. This paper highlights the experimentation of Mullagulov and his observations briefly to examine the influence of material properties on the stability load estimations and to confirm the practical realization of follower forces.

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32

Wallhead, I. R., and L. Edwards. "A practical guide to the measurement of the elastic stress intensity factor in engineering materials by the method of caustics." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 32, no. 4 (May 1, 1997): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0309324971513382.

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The optical method of caustics is an experimental technique which, particularly when used in reflection, has recently found increasing applicability to the fracture mechanics of engineering materials. Having been widely applied to stress intensity factor measurement, it has found a niche in areas where an analytical prediction has been impossible or in need of experimental verification, such as in dynamic fracture. This paper provides an accessible introduction to the method, covering its historical background and theoretical basis, together with a comprehensive guide to, and review of, its practical application to materials such as aluminium and steel.

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33

Shallan, Osman, Thrwat Sakr, Mahmoud Khater, and Ahmed Ismail Ahmed Ismail. "Interaction diagram for RC column strengthened by steel angles and strips." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 16, no. 60 (March 25, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.60.01.

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This paper presents an analytical model to construct the interaction diagrams (normal force and moment) for the RC column strengthened using the steel jacket technique. The proposed model is defined using the strain distribution block by determining the location of the neutral axis in the concrete section. The proposed analytical formulation is verified by experimental results performed by previous researches and numerical models using the nonlinear program ANSYS. The factors affecting the capacity of the strengthened column are taken into consideration, such as the amount of loads resisted by the steel cage, steel strips spacing, and the effect of concrete confinement. The results of the proposed model are in good agreement with the results from the experimental and numerical work used in verification. A practical design formula has been presented for strengthened columns.

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34

Liming, Lou, Kazutoshi Yamamoto, and Ken Ikeuchi. "Elastohydrodynamic Analysis of the Sealing Performance of Rotary Shaft Helix Lip Seals—Part 1." Journal of Tribology 120, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2834573.

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Based upon EHD theory, the sealing performance of a rotary shaft helix lip seal has been analyzed numerically using a complete hydrodynamic lubrication model. In order to verify the analytical method, several experiments are carried out under different operating conditions. After verification by the experimental results, the analytical method is used to calculate the sealing limit and the optimum seal radial load. The effects of the boundary pressure of sump side upon the pumping rate of a seal are discussed.

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35

Butt, Zubair, Riffat Asim Pasha, Faisal Qayyum, Zeeshan Anjum, Nasir Ahmad, and Hassan Elahi. "Generation of electrical energy using lead zirconate titanate (PZT-5A) piezoelectric material: Analytical, numerical and experimental verifications." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 30, no. 8 (August 2016): 3553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0715-3.

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36

Heya, Akira, and Katsuhiro Hirata. "Experimental Verification of Three-Degree-of-Freedom Electromagnetic Actuator for Image Stabilization." Sensors 20, no. 9 (April 27, 2020): 2485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20092485.

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Image deteriorations due to vibrations have become a problem in autonomous systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles, robots, and autonomous cars. To suppress the vibration, a camera stabilizer using a gimbal mechanism is widely used. However, the size and weight of the system increase because the conventional image stabilization systems require some actuators and links to drive in multi-axes. In order to solve these problems, we proposed a novel three-degree-of-freedom (3DOF) electromagnetic actuator for image stabilization. The actuator can be driven by only three-phase and has a simple structure and control system. This paper describes the experimental verification of the proposed actuator. The torque characteristics are clarified, and the analysis and measured torque characteristics are compared to verify the analysis validity. For verifying the dynamic performance, the frequency characteristics are measured. The effectiveness of the proposed magnetic structure and operating principle are investigated.

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37

Milasinovic, Dragan. "Rheological-dynamical continuum damage model for concrete under uniaxial compression and its experimental verification." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 42, no. 2 (2015): 73–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tam1502073m.

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A new analytical model for the prediction of concrete response under uniaxial compression and its experimental verification is presented in this paper. The proposed approach, referred to as the rheological-dynamical continuum damage model, combines rheological-dynamical analogy and damage mechanics. Within the framework of this approach the key continuum parameters such as the creep coefficient, Poisson?s ratio and damage variable are functionally related. The critical values of the creep coefficient and damage variable under peak stress are used to describe the failure mode of the concrete cylinder. The ultimate strain is determined in the post-peak regime only, using the secant stress-strain relation from damage mechanics. The post-peak branch is used for the energy analysis. Experimental data for five concrete compositions were obtained during the examination presented herein. The principal difference between compressive failure and tensile fracture is that there is a residual stress in the specimens, which is a consequence of uniformly accelerated motion of load during the examination of compressive strength. The critical interpenetration displacements and crushing energy are obtained theoretically based on the concept of global failure analysis.

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38

HETTEL, M., F. WETZEL, P. HABISREUTHER, and H. BOCKHORN. "Numerical verification of the similarity laws for the formation of laminar vortex rings." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 590 (October 15, 2007): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007007677.

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From analytical investigations it is well known that the roll-up of an inviscid plane vortex sheet which separates at the edge of a body is a self-similar process which can be described by scaling laws. Unlike plane vortices, ring vortices have a curved rotational axis. For this special vortex type experimental investigations as well as calculations in the literature suggest that the scaling laws are only partially valid. The main goal of this work is to clarify how far these similarity or scaling laws are also valid for the formation of viscid laminar vortex rings. Therefore, the formation process of laminar vortex rings was investigated numerically using a CFD (computational-fluid-dynamics) code. The calculations refer to an experimental setup for which detailed experimental data are available in the literature. In this setup, laminar ring vortices are generated by ejecting water from a circular tube into a quiescent environment by means of a piston. First, a case based on a constant piston velocity was investigated. Comparing calculated and measured data yields a very good agreement. Further calculations were made when forcing the velocity of the piston by three different time-dependent functions. The results of these calculations show that the formation laws for inviscid plane vortices are also valid for the formation process of viscid ring vortices. This applies to the normalized axial and radial position of the vortex centre as well as the normalized diameter of the vortex spiral. However, the similarity laws are valid only if the process is considered in a special frame of reference which moves in conjunction with the front of the jet and if the starting time of the formation process with respect to the starting time of the ejection is taken into account. Additionally, the formation of a ring vortex, which occurs during the start-up process of a free jet flow, was calculated. The results confirm a dependence for the motion of the jet front, which is known from analytical considerations and allows some interesting features to be identified.

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39

Chen, T., C. M. Harvey, S. Wang, and V. V. Silberschmidt. "Analytical corrections for double-cantilever beam tests." International Journal of Fracture 229, no. 2 (June 2021): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10704-021-00556-5.

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AbstractDouble-cantilever beams (DCBs) are widely used to study mode-I fracture behavior and to measure mode-I fracture toughness under quasi-static loads. Recently, the authors have developed analytical solutions for DCBs under dynamic loads with consideration of structural vibration and wave propagation. There are two methods of beam-theory-based data reduction to determine the energy release rate: (i) using an effective built-in boundary condition at the crack tip, and (ii) employing an elastic foundation to model the uncracked interface of the DCB. In this letter, analytical corrections for a crack-tip rotation of DCBs under quasi-static and dynamic loads are presented, afforded by combining both these data-reduction methods and the authors’ recent analytical solutions for each. Convenient and easy-to-use analytical corrections for DCB tests are obtained, which avoid the complexity and difficulty of the elastic foundation approach, and the need for multiple experimental measurements of DCB compliance and crack length. The corrections are, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, completely new. Verification cases based on numerical simulation are presented to demonstrate the utility of the corrections.

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40

Chen, Qian, Lin Yao, Xuan Wang, Zoe Lin Jiang, Yulin Wu, and Tianzi Ma. "SecMDGM: Federated Learning Security Mechanism Based on Multi−Dimensional Auctions." Sensors 22, no. 23 (December 2, 2022): 9434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239434.

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As a newly emerging distributed machine learning technology, federated learning has unique advantages in the era of big data. We explore how to motivate participants to experience auctions more actively and safely. It is also essential to ensure that the final participant who wins the right to participate can guarantee relatively high−quality data or computational performance. Therefore, a secure, necessary and effective mechanism is needed through strict theoretical proof and experimental verification. The traditional auction theory is mainly oriented to price, not giving quality issues as much consideration. Hence, it is challenging to discover the optimal mechanism and solve the privacy problem when considering multi−dimensional auctions. Therefore, we (1) propose a multi−dimensional information security mechanism, (2) propose an optimal mechanism that satisfies the Pareto optimality and incentive compatibility named the SecMDGM and (3) verify that for the aggregation model based on vertical data, this mechanism can improve the performance by 2.73 times compared to that of random selection. These are all important, and they complement each other instead of being independent or in tandem. Due to security issues, it can be ensured that the optimal multi−dimensional auction has practical significance and can be used in verification experiments.

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41

Alazemi, Saud F. E. M. D., Irfan Hilmy, and Erry Y. T. Adesta. "Indentation Mechanism in Rotary Hammer Forging Process: Analytical and Numerical Approach." International Journal of Engineering Materials and Manufacture 3, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26776/ijemm.03.04.2018.03.

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Rotary hammer forging process is getting popular since it has many advantages comparing to the conventional forging process. The mechanism of the movement in term of orbital motion of the conical upper die become concern of this research. This article present the three stages of the modelling of the rotary hammer forging. The first stage is the development of the orbital motion of the conical upper die. Three-dimensional CAD model of the conical upper die was developed to determine the orbital motion as a function of the four parameters: Nutation, Precession, Spin and Rocking-Die mechanism. A reasonably accurate design of the conical upper die and the workpiece had been developed based on motion because of interaction of conical upper die and upper part of workpiece geometries. The behaviour of orbital motion with any active combination of those four parameters was observed. The second stage was the development of the conical upper die with the specific feature in order to generate a product with an unsymmetrical shape of upper part of the product. The sequence and mechanism of the formation of the upper part of product were generated. The third stage was the analysis of the stress strain state during the formation of the upper part of the workpiece. An elastic-plastic, dynamic analysis of 3D rotary hammer forging mechanism with the concern at the workpiece and their interaction with a model of dies have been performed. Verification of the indentation mechanism of the rotary hammer forging had been done by validating the result with the existing experimental results.

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42

Swanson, E. E., and R. G. Kirk. "Survey of Experimental Data for Fixed Geometry Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings." Journal of Tribology 119, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2833874.

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An extensive survey of the experimental research on the static and/or dynamic characteristics of fixed geometry, hydrodynamic journal bearings, available in English, in the open literature is presented. The type(s) of bearing, size of bearing(s) and range of parameters measured in each work are reported for slightly over 100 published experimental works. In addition, some general observations about the available experimental data sets are made. This annotated survey is intended to help the analytical community by providing an extensive list of sources of experimental data for use in analysis verification. It is intended to help the experimental community by highlighting the shortcomings of the available literature, as well as by providing a list of sources for appropriate data to help with current and future test rig debugging.

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43

Bani-Hani, M. A., and M. A. Karami. "Analytical structural optimization and experimental verifications for traveling wave generation in self-assembling swimming smart boxes." Smart Materials and Structures 24, no. 9 (August 22, 2015): 094005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/24/9/094005.

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44

Kubík, M., K. Šebesta, Z. Strecker, F. Jeniš, J. Goldasz, and I. Mazůrek. "Hydrodynamic response time of magnetorheological fluid in valve mode: model and experimental verification." Smart Materials and Structures 30, no. 12 (November 11, 2021): 125020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/ac3437.

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Abstract The transient behaviour of magnetorheological (MR) actuators affects their performance in progressive semiactive control suspension systems. The two sources of the time delay between the control signal and damping force are (a) dynamics of MR damper hardware and (b) the MR fluid dynamics. The significant part of the MR fluid response time is the so-called hydrodynamic response time which is connected with the transient flow. Due to the above, the main aim of this paper is to experimentally determine the hydrodynamic response time of MR fluid and present systematic means for characterizing it via computational fluid dynamics (CFD) or analytical tools. The unique measurement method using an in-house patented slit flow rheometer is presented. The essence of the method relies on determining the pressure drop variation with the time spent by the fluid in the MR gap. The experimental determined hydrodynamic response time of MR fluid ranges from 0.4 to 1 ms for a selected gap size and a range of magnetic field stimuli. The results show that the higher the magnetic field, the lower the hydrodynamic response time is. Both CFD and analytical models exhibit similar trends as the experimental data. Moreover, the impact of temperature and gap size was determined. Here, the higher the gap size and temperature of MR fluid, the longer the response time is.

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45

Browning, Grant, Leif A. Carlsson, and James G. Ratcliffe. "Modification of the edge crack torsion specimen for mode III delamination testing. Part II – experimental study." Journal of Composite Materials 45, no. 25 (April 13, 2011): 2633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998311401115.

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Experimental studies of carbon/epoxy edge crack torsion specimen have been conducted using a specially designed twist test fixture. Of particular concern was verification of the recommendations expressed in the analytical part of this study (Part 1), where it was suggested that overhang (sections of specimen laying outside of the loading and support pins) in the x- and y-directions should be minimized, and fracture testing at longer delamination lengths should be avoided. The experimental test results verified that the specimens with the smallest overhang produced the most consistent delamination toughness data, GIIIc. Specimens with large overhangs exhibited high apparent GIIIc values at long delamination lengths. This was most likely due to nonuniform loading and associated nonuniform delamination extension.

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46

Hsieh, Ping-Cheng, Yi-Cheng Lin, and Yung-Chieh Wang. "Comparison of Empirical and Analytical Solutions for Open-Channel Flow Velocity with Common Grass Species in Taiwan." Water 13, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131839.

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Grassed channels utilize the soil stabilization and water infiltration enhancement functions of grass in order to conserve soil and water in drainage systems. The construction processes and hydraulic mechanisms of grassed channels are more complicated, depending on the conditions of both soil and grass. As flow resistance is affected by grass characteristics, giving a single value of Manning’s n for a grass type under different flow conditions may lead to over-conservative designs or safety concerns. In this study, grassed flow experiments were carried out in a flume, with a bed of red soil covered by three grass species and with the flow conditions of three bed slopes. Average flow velocities were evaluated using five methods, including Manning’s equation and an analytical method. Comparison between the methods showed that Manning’s equation was unable to properly reflect the grass characteristic effects on the flow, but the analytical method performed better in estimating the average velocity and velocity profiles. The experimental results will be useful for the verification of mathematical methods, including analytical solutions and numerical models of grassed flow. For application, the relationships of average flow velocity against the grass layer relative height were proposed based on the analytical method as a reference for a hillslope drainage system design in Taiwan.

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47

Tang, Bingtao, Zhengjun Yuan, Gang Cheng, Lili Huang, Wei Zheng, and Hui Xie. "Experimental verification of tailor welded joining partners for hot stamping and analytical modeling of TWBs rheological constitutive in austenitic state." Materials Science and Engineering: A 585 (November 2013): 304–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.07.059.

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48

Arifin, Achmad, Yu-Ren Wu, and Moeso Andrianto. "Design evaluation of disk-type milling cutter with special inserts applying analytical simulation and the experimental verification in screw rotor milling." Mechanism and Machine Theory 180 (February 2023): 105128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2022.105128.

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49

Goossens, Sidney, Francis Berghmans, and Thomas Geernaert. "Spectral Verification of the Mechanisms behind FBG-Based Ultrasonic Guided Wave Detection." Sensors 20, no. 22 (November 17, 2020): 6571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226571.

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Ultrasonic guided wave (UGW) detection with fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors has received increasing attention in the last decades due to the ability to perform non-destructive inspection (NDI) of large plate-like surfaces with a network of lightweight and multiplexed sensors. For accurate UGW measurements, several studies concluded that the ratio between the wavelength of the UGW and the length of the FBG should be above 7. However, shorter FBGs suffer from a lower FBG reflectivity and less steep slopes in the reflection spectrum. In this work we experimentally verified the effect of a passing UGW on the Bragg peak of FBG sensors of different lengths. By performing edge-filtering interrogation throughout the FBG’s reflection spectrum, we were able to reconstruct the FBG’s spectral response to a UGW in function of time. Our experimental findings are partially in line with those in the literature considering the UGW wavelength to FBG length ratio and the corresponding Bragg peak changes. We experimentally show for the first time that for shorter FBG sensors, the strain modulation is translated mostly into Bragg peak shifting, while for longer FBG sensors, Bragg peak deformation takes over as main mechanism. Despite the different mechanism for the latter, the UGW can still be detected by edge-filtering on the steepest slope, and with a much higher sensitivity.

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50

Niezgoda, T., D. Miedzińska, E. Małek, P. Kędzierski, and G. Sławiński. "Study on carbon dioxide thermodynamic behavior for the purpose of shale rock fracturing." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2013-0063.

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Abstract The possibility of using CO2 to fracturing a shale rock has been presented in the paper. The described innovative method which allows for the efficient extraction of shale gas and carbon dioxide storage in a shale rock was developed in Department of Mechanics and Applied Computer Science at the Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland. Firstly, the method was verified on the base of analytical and experimental research. In the next stage of the method verification carbon dioxide thermodynamic behavior was studied. The growth in pressure of drop of CO2 heated in a closed volume was numerically tested. The research confirmed the efficiency of the use of carbon dioxide as a medium for fracturing of rocks. The usage of liquid CO2 can be alternative for hydraulic fracturing and is safe for the environment.

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