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Книги з теми "Expectation gap"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 20 лютого 2023

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1

American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Private Companies Practice Section. and Expectation Gap Roundtable (1992 : Charleston, S.C.), eds. The Expectation gap standards: Progress, implementation issues, research opportunities. New York, NY: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 1993.

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2

Tweedie, D. P. Challenges facing the auditor: Professional fouls and the expectation gap. Cardiff: University College Cardiff, 1987.

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3

Nnamani, Chimaroke. Gap crisis in transition democracy and the challenges of a proper expectation framework. [Nigeria: s.n., 2003.

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4

Scotland, Scotland HM Inspectorate of Constabulary for. Narrowing the gap: Police visability and public reassurance : managing public expectation and demand. [Edinburgh?]: H.M. Inspectorate of Constabulary for Scotland, 2002.

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5

Francis, Graham. Is there an expectation gap of mathematical skills between accounting education and practice? Milton Keynes: Open University Business School, 1998.

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6

Longo, Susan C. Advanced audit efficiency: An integrated approach to audit planning under the expectation gap SASs. Denton, Tex: Professional Development Institute, University of North Texas, 1990.

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7

Mitchell, Catherine. Contract law and contract practice: Bridging the gap between legal reasoning and commercial expectation. Oxford, United Kingdom: Hart Publishing, 2013.

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8

Reynolds, Thomas G. Expectations gap in auditing standards. [s.l: The Author], 1995.

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9

Piger, Jeremy Max. Inflation: Do expectations trump the gap? St. Louis, Mo.]: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2006.

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10

Humphrey, Christopher. The audit expectations gap in the United Kingdom. London: Research Board, Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, 1992.

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11

Figlio, David N. Names, expectations, and the black-white test score gap. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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12

Purewal, Ranjit. The 'expectations gap' in Britain: Some evidence and comments. [s.l.]: [s.n.], 1987.

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13

Figlio, David N. Names, expectations and the Black-White test score gap. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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14

Rob, Sylvester, ed. The money gap, expectations vs. reality: Bridging the gap facing baby boomers and seniors. Willowdale, Ont: Money Jar Pub., 1997.

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15

Bland, Nick. Measuring public expectations of policing: An evaluation of gap analysis. London: Home Office Police Research Group, 1997.

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16

Esser, Robert. Great expectations: The future of U.S. natural gas supply. Cambridge, Mass: Cambridge Energy Research Associates, 1991.

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17

Albanesi, Stefania. Home production, market production and the gender wage gap: Incentives and expectations. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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18

Albanesi, Stefania. Home production, market production and the gender wage gap: Incentives and expectations. Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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19

Hopkins, R. N. Internal audit: Perceptions of quality and the expectations gap, a question for management. [Liverpool]: Liverpool Business School, 1995.

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20

Gardner, Philip D. Explaining the gender wage gap: Pay expectations for self, others, and perceptions of "fair pay". East Lansing, MI: Collegiate Employment Research Institute, 1990.

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21

Blau, Francine D. Career plans and expectations of young women and men: The earnings gap and labor force participation. Champaign, IL: Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1990.

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22

Blau, Francine D. Career plans and expectations of young women and men: The earnings gap and labor force participation. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1990.

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23

Roth, Rosalie. Risks, opportunities, and expectations: The future of natural gas : a survey of North American gas industry thought leaders. Cambridge, Mass: CERA, 2006.

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24

Education of the Roma: In the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia : gap confrontation between expectations and reality : comparative research. Wrocław: Foundation of Social Integration PROM, 2011.

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25

Office, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Ghana. Youth and oil & gas governance in Ghana: A nationwide survey on the expectations and participation of the youth in Ghana's oil and gas industry. [Accra]: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Ghana, 2011.

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26

Fiorentini, Noreen M. Transition to Carndonagh Community School: The experiences, expectations, needs and traumas of forty six pupils from three Inishowen primary schools as they bridge the gap between primary and secondary school. [S.l: The Author], 1998.

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27

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection. Examining the GAO report on expectations of government support for bank holding companies: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions and Consumer Protection of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, on examining whether the era of too big to fail is finally over, July 31, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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28

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia., ed. GAO personnel reform: Does it meet expectations? : joint hearing before the Subcommittee on Federal Workforce, Postal Service, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, House of Representatives, and the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, the Federal Workforce, and the District of Columbia of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate. One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, May 22, 2007. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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29

Jacobs, Andries J. My Expectations Nearly Killed My Dream: The Expectation-Reality Gap. Xlibris Corporation LLC, 2020.

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30

Jacobs, Andries J. My Expectations Nearly Killed My Dream: The Expectation-Reality Gap. Westwood Books Publishing, 2022.

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31

Jacobs, Andries J. My Expectations Nearly Killed My Dream: The Expectation-Reality Gap. Xlibris Corporation LLC, 2020.

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32

Jacobs, Andries J. MY EXPECTATIONS NEARLY KILLED MY DREAM: The Expectation-Reality Gap. Westwood Books Publishing, 2022.

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33

Jacobs, Andries J. My Expectations Nearly Killed My Dream: The Expectation-Reality Gap. Xlibris Corporation LLC, 2020.

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34

Implementing the Expectation Gap Auditing Standards/060680. Amer Inst of Certified Public, 1989.

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35

Bridging the Expectation Gap: The Key to Happiness. AuthorHouse, 2006.

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36

Tutt, Marcus. Reaching for Healing: Closing the gap between experience and expectation. Lulu.com, 2017.

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37

Prem, Sikka, and Chartered Association of Certified Accountants., eds. Eliminating the expectations gap? London: Certified Accountants Educational Trust, 1992.

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38

Bures, Oldrich. United Nations Peacekeeping: Bridging the Capabilities-Expectations Gap. VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008.

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39

Gerard, McHugh, and Rowe David 1920-, eds. Financial reporting and auditing: Bridging the expectations gap. Dublin: Oak Tree Press, 1996.

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40

Waterman, Richard, Carol L. Silva, and Hank Jenkins-Smith. Presidential Expectations Gap: Public Attitudes Concerning the Presidency. University of Michigan Press, 2014.

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41

L, Silva Carol, and Jenkins-Smith Hank C, eds. The presidential expectations gap: Public attitudes concerning the presidency. The University of Michigan Press, 2014.

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42

Waterman, Prof Richard, Carol L. Silva, and Hank Jenkins-Smith. The Presidential Expectations Gap: Public Attitudes Concerning the Presidency. University of Michigan Press, 2016.

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43

Committee on Oversight and Gove (house), United States House of Representatives, and United States United States Congress. GAO Personnel Reform: Does It Meet Expectations? Independently Published, 2019.

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44

Hansen, Marjorie. U. S. Liquefied Natural Gas Exports: Expectations and Potential Effects. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2016.

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45

Amran, Noor Afza. Contemporary issues in financial reporting, auditing and corporate governance. UUM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789670474564.

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Contemporary Issues in Financial Reporting, Auditing and Corporate Governance offers theoretical and empirical background on three fundamental areas of accounting, namely financial reporting, auditing and corporate governance.This book is written in a clear and reader-friendly manner to create readers interest in the central issues of discussion. The uniqueness of this book is in its extensive coverage of national and internationally-oriented issues of financial reporting, auditing and corporate governance. This book is ideal for accounting and business related courses at upper undergraduate and post-graduate levels. With its broad coverage, the book should also be of interest to academicians, professionals, corporate managers, regulatory bodies and researchers.The articles written in this book are: Corporate Social Responsibility and Post-Crisis StrategyEmployee Stock Options Popularity of Financial Ratios in the Annual ReportsThe Relationship between Pension Funds and Dividend PayoutDoes Audit Firm Merger Add Value to Its Clients? Co-operation between Internal and External Auditors: From the Perspective of Internal Auditors in Malaysian Local Authorities Auditor Choice: Events and TheoriesThe Global Audit Expectation Gap: Within and between Muslim CountriesOwnership Holdings: Selected Malaysian Family Businesses Ethnic Diversity in Malaysian Initial Public OfferingsCEO Succession in Malaysian PLCs: Does Firm Characteristic Make a Difference?A Framework of Good Governance: Lessons for the Inland Revenue Board Malaysia.

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46

Stanley, Liam. “When We Were Just Giving Stuff Away Willy-Nilly”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796817.003.0007.

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The aim of this chapter is to contextualize the British population’s willingness to pay tax within the political and social upheaval of recent decades. These social and institutional changes—often characterized, rightly or wrongly, as neoliberal—have led to a shared sense that British taxpayers are getting less bang for their buck. So although tax compliance is relatively high due to the organization of revenue collection, tax morale is declining. The chapter seeks to historicize this declining tax morale by highlighting how there is—on the one hand—an increasing gap between prudent normative expectations about how tax and spending ought to be organized, and—on the other hand—the actual lived experiences of engaging with the uses and abuses of “taxpayers’ money.”

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47

Vickery, Jacqueline Ryan, and S. Craig Watkins. Worried About the Wrong Things. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036023.001.0001.

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It’s a familiar narrative in both real life and fiction, from news reports to television storylines: a young person is bullied online, or targeted by an online predator, or exposed to sexually explicit content. The consequences are bleak; the young person is shunned, suicidal, psychologically ruined. In this book, Jacqueline Ryan Vickery argues that there are other urgent concerns about young people’s online experiences besides porn, predators, and peers. We need to turn our attention to inequitable opportunities for participation in a digital culture. Technical and material obstacles prevent low-income and other marginalized young people from the positive, community-building, and creative experiences that are possible online. Vickery explains that cautionary tales about online risk have shaped the way we think about technology and youth. She analyzes the discourses of risk in popular culture, journalism, and policy, and finds that harm-driven expectations, based on a privileged perception of risk, enact control over technology. Opportunity-driven expectations, on the other hand, based on evidence and lived experience, produce discourses that acknowledge the practices and agency of young people rather than seeing them as passive victims. Vickery first addresses how the discourses of risk regulate and control technology, then turns to the online practices of youth at a low-income, minority-majority Texas high school. She considers the participation gap and the need for schools to teach digital literacies, privacy, and different online learning ecologies. Finally, she shows that opportunity-driven expectations can guide young people’s online experiences in ways that balance protection and agency.

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48

DeSombre, Elizabeth R. Attitudes and Norms. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190636272.003.0006.

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Many people care about the environment and are in favor of protecting it, but these concerns are imperfect determinants of behavior. There are good reasons for this “value-action gap”: incentives are frequently aligned against environmentally preferable action, and we each face so many daily environmentally relevant decisions that efforts to do the right thing consistently are daunting. These approaches can even backfire, as people dislike feeling judged, or may tire of constant efforts to behave and may backslide on good intentions. A more promising option for explaining or encouraging environmental behavior is invoking social norms. People modify their behavior to fit social expectations, so community decisions that work against environmental behavior can discourage beneficial behavior. Framing information in a way that demonstrates the environmentally beneficial choices of neighbors or group members increases willingness to make environmentally positive choices.

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49

Churchill, David. Crime Control and the Police. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797845.003.0004.

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This chapter assesses the impact of policing on urban crime control. It argues that the protection of property was central to the practice of preventative policing, and that the growth of the police significantly enhanced the state’s capacity to control urban property crime. Nevertheless, police efforts to combat theft obtained only limited purchase, and ultimately failed to live up to public expectations. Having demonstrated that the criminal statistics do not provide a reliable measure of crime trends, the chapter exposes the barriers to police effectiveness in crime control, particularly the scale and scope of opportunity for theft which the Victorian city presented, and limitations on resources which undermined the operation of the preventative policing strategy. The result was an enforcement gap in responding to urban property crime, which provided an incentive for autonomous civilian participation in crime control.

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50

Andersson, Jenny. Arctic Futures. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820802.003.0004.

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The Arctic region is the site of a geopolitical scramble for two major future assets: the opening up of the Northeast Passage and access to enormous gas reserves. Meanwhile, many other possible futures define the ongoing struggle to establish claims to the Arctic among a variety of ‘Arctic nations’, including the rights of indigenous people, the preservation of pristine nature, future tourism, and the reestablishing of historical connections with previous colonizing countries in Scandinavia and Russia. The chapter discusses a wide repertoire of future making, including scenario gaming, forecast technologies, and forms of nation branding used as geopolitical instruments for defining expectations and future interests in the Arctic. At a theoretical level, the chapter examines the mutual constitution of imaginaries and interests and highlights ways in which actors attempt to ‘close’ the future by establishing the dominance of particular expectations or scenarios that suit their interests.

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