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Статті в журналах з теми "Exo selective"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Sibi, Mukund P., Zhihua Ma, and Craig P. Jasperse. "Exo Selective Enantioselective Nitrone Cycloadditions." Journal of the American Chemical Society 126, no. 3 (January 2004): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja039087p.

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2

Ishibashi, Hiroyuki, Tetsuya Kobayashi, and Daisuke Takamasu. "Sulfur-Controlled Exo Selective Aryl Radical Cyclization onto Exo-Methylenecycloalkanes." Synlett 1999, no. 8 (August 1999): 1286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1999-2826.

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3

Wang, Hengbin, Solymar Negretti, Allison R. Knauff, and John Montgomery. "Exo-Selective Reductive Macrocyclization of Ynals." Organic Letters 17, no. 6 (March 6, 2015): 1493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00381.

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4

Cabrera-Trujillo, Jorge Juan, and Israel Fernández. "Understanding exo-selective Diels–Alder reactions involving Fischer-type carbene complexes." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 17, no. 11 (2019): 2985–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ob00132h.

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5

Ishibashi, Hiroyuki, Tetsuya Kobayashi, and Daisuke Takamasu. "ChemInform Abstract: Sulfur-Controlled exo Selective Aryl Radical Cyclization onto exo-Methylenecycloalkanes." ChemInform 30, no. 47 (June 12, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199947124.

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6

Gerasov, Andrii, Grygoriy A. Dolgonos, Aleksandr Yu Mandzhulo, Alexey Ryabitsky, Volodymyr Fetyukhin, Oleg Lukin, and Alexander Shivanyuk. "Selective Synthesis of exo-Spiro[2′,2′-difluorocyclopropane-3′,2′-tropanes]." Synthesis 52, no. 07 (January 2, 2020): 1015–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1691560.

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Анотація:

Conformationally restrained exo-isomers of N-Boc-protected spiro[2′,2′-difluorocyclopropane-3′,2′-tropanes] were synthesized in 62–83% yield via absolutely diastereoselective cycloaddition of CF2, generated in situ from Me3SiCF3/NaI in refluxing THF, to double bonds of 3-alkylidenetropanes. Standard removal of Boc protecting groups afforded corresponding exo-spiro[2′,2′-difluorocyclopropane-3′,2′-tropane] hydrochlorides in 82–94% yields. DFT and CCSD(T) calculations revealed that the observed exo-selectivity of difluorocarbene addition is likely to be caused by a lower activation barrier of the exo-difluorocyclopropanation compared to the endo-reaction.

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7

Joseph, Ryan, Charles Murray, and Philip Garner. "Catalytic Asymmetric Exo-Selective [C+NC+CC] Reaction." Organic Letters 16, no. 6 (March 6, 2014): 1550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol500474a.

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8

Anderson, Benjamin A., William D. Wulff, Timothy S. Powers, Sandra Tribbitt, and Arnold L. Rheingold. "Exo-selective Diels-Alder reactions of aminocarbene complexes." Journal of the American Chemical Society 114, no. 27 (December 1992): 10784–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00053a015.

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9

Guseva, M. A., E. V. Bermesheva, P. P. Chapala, and M. V. Bermeshev. "One-step and selective approach to silicon-containing exo-norbornenes." Доклады Академии наук 486, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-56524862189-192.

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Анотація:

One-step and selective approach to the synthesis of Si-containing exo-norbornenes has been developed based on hydrosilylation reaction of norbornadiene-2,5 with unactivated silanes using Pd-complexes in the presence of bulky ligands. This approach leads to only exo-isomers of norbornene derivatives. The absence of alkylation step by organometallic compounds or photochemical isomerization makes the suggested approach promising for the synthesis of new polymeric materials with desired properties.

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10

Guseva, Marina A., Dmitry A. Alentiev, Evgeniya V. Bermesheva, Ilya A. Zamilatskov, and Maxim V. Bermeshev. "The selective hydrosilylation of norbornadiene-2,5 by monohydrosiloxanes." RSC Advances 9, no. 57 (2019): 33029–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra06784a.

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Анотація:

A simple one-step approach for the selective synthesis of exo-norbornenes with organosilicon substituents is suggested through the direct hydrosilylation of norbornadiene-2,5 with chlorine-free silanes.

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11

Lee, Shao-Chi, Lin Guo, and Magnus Rueping. "Nickel-catalyzed exo-selective hydroacylation/Suzuki cross-coupling reaction." Chemical Communications 55, no. 99 (2019): 14984–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc07558e.

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12

PANDEY, B., and P. V. DALVI. "ChemInform Abstract: Photochemically Induced exo-Selective Diels-Alder Reactions." ChemInform 25, no. 6 (August 19, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199406062.

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13

Kawamura, Masato, and Kazuaki Kudo. "Exo-selective asymmetric diels-alder reaction of acrylate ester." Chirality 14, no. 9 (2002): 727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.10130.

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14

Mandzhulo, Aleksandr, Iryna Vashchenko, Andrii Gerasov, Mykhaylo Vovk, Eduard Rusanov, Volodymyr Fetyukhin, Oleg Lukin, and Alexander Shivanyuk. "Selective synthesis of N-protected exo-spiro[oxirane-3,2′-tropanes]." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 10 (2019): 1692–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qo00377k.

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15

Xu, Yan, and Guangbin Dong. "sp3C–H activationvia exo-type directing groups." Chemical Science 9, no. 6 (2018): 1424–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sc04768a.

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Анотація:

The application ofexo-type directing groups (DGs) has led to the discovery of a wide range of novel C(sp³)–H activation methods, which allow efficient and site-selective functionalization of alcohol and amide derivatives.

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16

Colitti, Monica, Sandy Sgorlon, and Bruno Stefanon. "Exosome cargo in milk as a potential marker of cow health." Journal of Dairy Research 87, S1 (July 29, 2020): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029920000485.

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AbstractRecent advances on milk exosomes (EXO), cargoes in cell−cell communication, explored their role within and between individuals, including in dairy species. The potential use of EXO as biomarkers of disease and metabolic conditions adds significant interest to the study of EXO in milk. Although several researches have been carried out on circulating miRNA in the milk, less information is available about milk-derived exosomal miRNAs, which are stable over time and resistant to digestion and milk processing. EXO are taken up by recipient cells through specific mechanisms, which enable the selective delivery of cargoes. This suggests that EXO cargoes can be used as biomarkers of health. Nevertheless, methodological limitations and potential applications of milk EXO in dairy ruminants must be considered. The paucity of studies that associate the EXO cargo to specific challenges deserves further investigations to unravel the variation of miRNA and proteins cargo in relation to metabolic imbalance and infectious disease of the mammary gland.

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17

Mańka, Rafał, Pawel Janas, Karolina Sapoń, Teresa Janas, and Tadeusz Janas. "Role of RNA Motifs in RNA Interaction with Membrane Lipid Rafts: Implications for Therapeutic Applications of Exosomal RNAs." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 17 (August 30, 2021): 9416. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22179416.

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Анотація:

RNA motifs may promote interactions with exosomes (EXO-motifs) and lipid rafts (RAFT-motifs) that are enriched in exosomal membranes. These interactions can promote selective RNA loading into exosomes. We quantified the affinity between RNA aptamers containing various EXO- and RAFT-motifs and membrane lipid rafts in a liposome model of exosomes by determining the dissociation constants. Analysis of the secondary structure of RNA molecules provided data about the possible location of EXO- and RAFT-motifs within the RNA structure. The affinity of RNAs containing RAFT-motifs (UUGU, UCCC, CUCC, CCCU) and some EXO-motifs (CCCU, UCCU) to rafted liposomes is higher in comparison to aptamers without these motifs, suggesting direct RNA-exosome interaction. We have confirmed these results through the determination of the dissociation constant values of exosome-RNA aptamer complexes. RNAs containing EXO-motifs GGAG or UGAG have substantially lower affinity to lipid rafts, suggesting indirect RNA-exosome interaction via RNA binding proteins. Bioinformatics analysis revealed RNA aptamers containing both raft- and miRNA-binding motifs and involvement of raft-binding motifs UCCCU and CUCCC. A strategy is proposed for using functional RNA aptamers (fRNAa) containing both RAFT-motif and a therapeutic motif (e.g., miRNA inhibitor) to selectively introduce RNAs into exosomes for fRNAa delivery to target cells for personalized therapy.

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18

Mayans, Júlia, Mercé Font-Bardia, and Albert Escuer. "Lithium cations in a self-assembled electrostatic nanocapsule." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 43 (2019): 16158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt03600h.

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A self-assembled {Ni₁₂Li₂} nanometric capsule with endo- and exo-guests linked to selective hydrophilic/hydrophobic binding sites of Ni^II₆ rings was achieved by using (Bu₄N)N₃ instead of sodium azide to selectively introduce the Li⁺ cations.

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19

Kanao, Miki, Atsushi Otake, Kousuke Tsuchiya, and Kenji Ogino. "Stereo-Selective Synthesis of exo-Norbornene Derivatives for Resist Materials." Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology 22, no. 3 (2009): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2494/photopolymer.22.365.

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20

Chen, Y. C., Z. J. Jia, Q. Zhou, Q. Q. Zhou, and P. Q. Chen. "exo-Selective Diels-Alder Reaction of 2,4-Dienals and Nitroalkenes." Synfacts 2011, no. 12 (November 18, 2011): 1385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1289434.

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21

Maruoka, K., T. Kano, and Y. Tanaka. "Chiral Diamine-Salts for Catalytic exo-selective Diels-Alder Reactions." Synfacts 2006, no. 8 (August 2006): 0843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-942025.

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22

Node, Manabu, Kiyoharu Nishide, Hitoshi Imazato, Ryuichi Kurosaki, Takehisa Inoue, and Takao Ikariya. "Exo selective Diels–Alder reaction of nitroolefins with Danishefsky's diene." Chem. Commun., no. 22 (1996): 2559–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/cc9960002559.

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23

Kajigaeshi, Shoji, Seiji Mori, Shizuo Fujisaki, and Shuji Kanemasa. "exo-Selective Peripheral Cycloaddition Reactions of Pyrido[2,1-a]isoindole." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 58, no. 12 (December 1985): 3547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.58.3547.

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24

ANDERSON, B. A., W. D. WULFF, T. S. POWERS, S. TRIBBITT, and A. L. RHEINGOLD. "ChemInform Abstract: exo-Selective Diels-Alder Reactions of Aminocarbene Complexes." ChemInform 24, no. 18 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199318078.

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25

Spisak, Sarah N., Alexander V. Zabula, Alexander S. Filatov, Andrey Yu Rogachev, and Marina A. Petrukhina. "Selective Endo and Exo Binding of Alkali Metals to Corannulene." Angewandte Chemie 123, no. 35 (July 11, 2011): 8240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201103028.

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26

Spisak, Sarah N., Alexander V. Zabula, Alexander S. Filatov, Andrey Yu Rogachev, and Marina A. Petrukhina. "Selective Endo and Exo Binding of Alkali Metals to Corannulene." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 50, no. 35 (July 11, 2011): 8090–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201103028.

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27

Joseph, Ryan, Charles Murray, and Philip Garner. "ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric exo-Selective [C+NC+CC] Reaction." ChemInform 45, no. 36 (August 21, 2014): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201436121.

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28

Samara, Aladin, Galit Granot, Michael Anbar, Pia Raanani, and Uri Rozovski. "Using NK-Derived Exosomes to Treat Leukemia." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 1872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-150688.

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Анотація:

Abstract Natural killer cells (NK) are components of the innate immune system which play an important role in surveillance of cancer cells. Despite promising results in clinical trials, the use of NK-based therapies is limited due to safety issues. Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles secreted by all types of cells. In recent years, exosomes have emerged as a powerful, natural therapeutic tool due to their low immunogenicity, low cytotoxicity, prolonged bioavailability and superior targeting ability. Since exosomes are known to carry cargo that reflects their cell of origin, we were prompted to test whether NK-derived exosomes (NK exo) maintain the anti-leukemia capacity of NK cells. To test the feasibility of this approach we undertook a set of preliminary experiments and evaluated the anti-leukemic potential of NK exo in-vitro on a wide variety of leukemic cell lines and patient-derived samples while also striving to assess their killing potential in-vivo using a murine xenograft model . This study aims to provide the pre-clinical evidence needed to test the NKexo approach in future clinical studies with the intention of ultimately developing an acellular "off-the-shelf" product to treat leukemia. Initially, we isolated NK exo from the engineered NK92MI cell line by ultracentrifugation and demonstrated the presence of large amounts of 100-200nm cap-shaped particles by means of nano-tracking-analysis and transmission-electron-microscopy. We then showed that these particles express the exosomal-characteristic CD63- and CD81- and NK-characteristic CD56-biomarkers. Next, we evaluated the effect of NK exo on CML (K562), T-ALL (Jurkat), B-ALL (UoC) and AML (HL-60 and KG1a) cell lines. NK exo treatment initiated a time- and dose-dependent reduction in viability and induction of apoptosis in all cell lines tested. The effect of NK exo exposure on cell viability and apoptosis was reduced in the presence of the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK suggesting that NK exo exert their cytotoxic effect in a caspase-dependent manner. In addition, exposure to NK exo led to a significant increase in apoptosis in treatment naive AML, CLL and ALL patient-derived mononuclear cells. Moreover, we witnessed a significant reduction in colony formation of mononuclear cells harvested from treatment naive CML and AML patients in the presence of NK exo. While leukemia cells were targeted and severely affected by NK exo, healthy B-cells remained unaffected, indicating a selective effect. The selective trait of NK exo was also confirmed via an exosome uptake assay which demonstrated that NK exo were taken up specifically by leukemic cells but not by healthy B-cells. In an in-vivo xenograft model for AML; NOD-SCID IL2Rgama null (NSG) mice were engrafted with the well characterized human AML cell line HL60, and were then intravenously injected with NK exo. Our preliminary results indicate that NK exo treatment improves overall mice survival indicating an anti-leukemic effect of NK exo in-vivo. In this "proof-of-concept" study, we show that NK exo, similar to their cell-of-origin, have a strong and selective anti-leukemia effect. To provide the pre-clinical evidence needed to test the NK exo approach in future clinical studies, we are currently continuing to test the anti-leukemic potential of NK exo in-vivo on a xenograft murine model. Our preliminary results propose the use of NK exo as a novel therapeutic platform to combat leukemia. More broadly, since NK cells target a wide range of cancer cells, not just leukemia cells, and since we have shown that NK exo maintain the anti-leukemic capacity of their donor cells, this approach may become applicable in other hematological and solid malignancies. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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29

Cintio, Michela, Giulia Polacchini, Elisa Scarsella, Tommaso Montanari, Bruno Stefanon, and Monica Colitti. "MicroRNA Milk Exosomes: From Cellular Regulator to Genomic Marker." Animals 10, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10071126.

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Анотація:

Recent advances in ruminants’ milk-derived exosomes (EXO) have indicated a role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cell-to-cell communication in dairy ruminants. The miRNAs EXO retain peculiar mechanisms of uptake from recipient cells, which enables the selective delivery of cargos, with a specific regulation of target genes. Although many studies have been published on the miRNAs contained in milk, less information is available on the role of miRNAs EXO, which are considered stable over time and resistant to digestion and milk processing. Several miRNAs EXO have been implicated in the cellular signaling pathway, as in the regulation of immune response. Moreover, they exert epigenetic control, as extenuating the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1. However, the study of miRNAs EXO is still challenging due to the difficulty of isolating EXO. In fact, there are not agreed protocols, and different methods, often time-consuming, are used, making it difficult to routinely process a large number of samples. The regulation of cell functions in mammary glands by miRNAs EXO, and their applications as genomic markers in livestock, is presented.

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30

Zhou, Ying, Xiao-Jing Xing, Dai-Wen Pang, and Hong-Wu Tang. "An exonuclease III-aided “turn-on” fluorescence assay for mercury ions based on graphene oxide and metal-mediated “molecular beacon”." RSC Advances 5, no. 17 (2015): 12994–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra14024a.

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31

Ge, Jia, Zhen-Zhen Dong, Dong-Mei Bai, Lin Zhang, Ya-Lei Hu, Dan-Yang Ji, and Zhao-Hui Li. "A novel label-free fluorescent molecular beacon for the detection of 3′–5′ exonuclease enzymatic activity using DNA-templated copper nanoclusters." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 18 (2017): 9718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj01761h.

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32

Xiao, Qi, Jinrong Feng, Jiawen Li, Yi Liu, Dan Wang, and Shan Huang. "A ratiometric electrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive and highly selective detection of the K-ras gene via exonuclease III-assisted target recycling and rolling circle amplification strategies." Analytical Methods 11, no. 32 (2019): 4146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ay01007f.

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33

Talhi, Oualid, Hasnia Abdeldjebar, Yamina Belmiloud, Ridha Hassaine, Nadia Taibi, Mónica Válega, Filipe A. A. Paz, Meziane Brahimi, Khaldoun Bachari, and Artur M. S. Silva. "Organobase catalysed one-pot exo-selective synthesis of meso-spiro[cyclohexanone-pyrandione] derivatives." New Journal of Chemistry 41, no. 19 (2017): 10790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nj02168b.

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34

Feng, Chao, Hong Wang, Liang Xu, and Pengfei Li. "N–B dative bond-induced [3.3.0] bicyclic boronate-tethered exo-selective intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 26 (2015): 7136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob00917k.

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35

Fatima, Ayjaz, Abdul Malik, and Wolfgang Voelter. "A Novel Entry into Cyclopropanated Sugar Amino Acids." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1994-1021.

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Анотація:

Abstract Reaction of sugar triflates (1) and (2) with tert-butyl cyanoacetate in presence of sodium hydride affords the cyclopropanated sugars (3) and (4), followed by selective hydrolysis of the ester group to free acids (5) and (6), respectively. Couplings of (5) and (6) with protected glycine and L-alanine lead to cyclopropanated sugar amino acids (7-10). The coupling of 6 with benzyl 3,4-(“exo”-aminomethyl)methano-3,4-dideoxy-β-L-arabinopyranoside (11) fur nished benzyl 3,4-[(C-cyano-amido)methano-(benzyl 3,4-(“exo”-methylene)methano-3,4-di-deoxy-β-L-arabinopyranosido)]-3,4-dideoxy-β-L-arbinopyranoside (12), suggesting an “exo” orientation of the ester group in 3 and 4.

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36

Maruoka, Keiji, Hiroshi Imoto, and Hisashi Yamamoto. "Exo-Selective Diels-Alder Reaction Based on a Molecular Recognition Approach." Journal of the American Chemical Society 116, no. 26 (December 1994): 12115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00105a087.

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37

Oikawa, Hideaki, Kinya Katayama, Yuichi Suzuki, and Akitami Ichihara. "Enzymatic activity catalysing exo-selective Diels–Alder reaction in solanapyrone biosynthesis." J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., no. 13 (1995): 1321–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39950001321.

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38

Potowski, Marco, Andrey P. Antonchick, and Herbert Waldmann. "Catalytic asymmetric exo-selective [6+3] cycloaddition of iminoesters with fulvenes." Chemical Communications 49, no. 71 (2013): 7800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc43824d.

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39

Arai, Takayoshi, Naota Yokoyama, Asami Mishiro, and Hiroyasu Sato. "Catalytic Asymmetric exo′-Selective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Iminoesters with Nitroalkenes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 49, no. 43 (October 6, 2010): 7895–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201004098.

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40

Arai, Takayoshi, Naota Yokoyama, Asami Mishiro, and Hiroyasu Sato. "Catalytic Asymmetric exo′-Selective [3+2] Cycloaddition of Iminoesters with Nitroalkenes." Angewandte Chemie 122, no. 43 (October 13, 2010): 8067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201004098.

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41

Shen, Cong, Yuhang Zhu, Shuqi Jin, Kejie Xu, Shuxin Luo, Lixia Xu, Guofu Zhong, Liangjun Zhong, and Jian Zhang. "Regio- and stereo-selective olefinic C–H functionalization of aryl alkenes in ethanol." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 4 (2022): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qo01676h.

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We report on α- and β-olefinic C–H alkenylation of 2-alkenyl benzylamine/benzoic acid derivatives in ethanol to afford aryl dienes/trienes with excellent selectivities, proceeding through 6-/7-membered exo-/endo-cyclometallation.

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Yamano, Tomoyoshi, Xiabing Lyu, and Rikinari Hanayama. "714 Selective expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells with engineered antigen presenting exosome." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.714.

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BackgroundExosomes are vesicular granules of about 100 nm and are secreted by many types of cells. Exosomes contain various proteins, lipids, and RNAs that are transported to target cells which induce functional and physiological changes. Exosomes are promising nano-vesicles for clinical application, owing to their high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and high drug delivery efficacy. Recent studies have demonstrated that exosomes from tumor cells or antigen presenting cells (APCs) regulate immune responses. Tumor derived exosomes express PD-L1 on their surface and suppress tumor immunity systemically. On the other hand, mature dendritic cells derived exosomes exert immune activation, and tumor immunotherapy using DCs exosome has been developed. However, few studies have been found to exert a significant effect on cancer treatment, may be because of low expression of costimulatory molecules and lack of cytokines on DCs derived exosomes.MethodsIt has been demonstrated that GFP can be conveyed into exosomes by conjugating GFP with tetraspanins, exosome-specific surface proteins. First, we generated a tetraspanin fusion protein with a single-chain MHCI trimer (scMHCI). IL-2 is inserted on the second extracellular loop of CD81, allowing robust and functional expression of IL-2 on the exosome. We collected exosomes from HEK293 cells culture, which stably express scMHCI-CD81-IL2 and CD80-MFGE8, and used as Antigen-presenting exosome(AP-Exo).ResultsAP-Exo expresses high expression of MHCI-peptide complex, costimulatory molecule, and cytokine, activating cognate CD8 T cells as dendritic cells do. AP-Exo selectively delivered co-stimulation and IL-2 to antigen-specific CD8 T cells, resulting in a massive expansion of antigen-specific CD8 T cells without severe adverse effects in mice. AP-Exo can expand endogenous tumor-specific CD8 T cells and induce the potent anti-tumor effect.ConclusionsOur strategy for building engineered exosomes that work like APCs might develop novel methods for cancer immunotherapy.Ethics ApprovalAll mice were housed in a specific pathogen-free facility, and all animal experiments were performed according to a protocol approved by Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

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Liu, Jie, Jingyao Huang, Zhenjiang Zhang, Rui Zhang, Qijuan Sun, Zhihao Zhang, Yongxin Liu, and Baoyu Ma. "Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Ameliorate Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Aged Mice by Inhibiting Hippocampus Ferroptosis via Activating SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (September 30, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3593294.

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Delayed neurocognitive recovery (dNCR) is a prevalent perioperative neurological complication in older patients and has common characteristics such as acute cognitive dysfunction, impaired memory, and inattention. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSCs-Exo) are enclosed by a lipid bilayer contain proteins, DNA, miRNA, and other components, which are important mediators of intercellular communication. It has been reported that exosomes could play an important role in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, nerve injury, and other neurological diseases. In this study, we examined the effects of MSCs-Exo on dNCR aged mice after exploratory laparotomy and evaluated their potential regulatory mechanisms. We found that MSCs-Exo treatment ameliorated cognitive impairment in dNCR aged mice. MSCs-Exo inhibit hippocampus ferroptosis and increase the expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in dNCR aged mice. Interestingly, the above effects of MSCs-Exo on dNCR aged mice were abolished by SIRT1 selective inhibitor EX-527. In conclusion, these findings indicated that MSCs-Exo can ameliorate cognitive impairment by inhibiting hippocampus ferroptosis in dNCR aged mice via activating SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, providing a potential avenue for the treatment of dNCR.

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Wu, Tongbo, Xianjin Xiao, Zhe Zhang, and Meiping Zhao. "Enzyme-mediated single-nucleotide variation detection at room temperature with high discrimination factor." Chemical Science 6, no. 2 (2015): 1206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4sc03375b.

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We present a novel strategy for the highly selective detection of single-nucleotide variation at room temperature, based on an extremely specific interaction between Lambda exonuclease (λ exo) and a chemically modified DNA structure.

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Shao, Ling-Yan, Chao Li, Ying Guo, Kun-Kun Yu, Fei-Yi Zhao, Wen-Li Qiao, Hong-Wei Liu, Dao-Hua Liao, and Ya-Fei Ji. "Pd-catalyzed direct oxidative mono-aroyloxylation of O-aralkyl substituted acetoxime ethers." RSC Advances 6, no. 82 (2016): 78875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra16105g.

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A highly site-selective palladium-catalyzed ortho-mono-aroyloxylation of O-aralkyl substituted acetoxime ethers via direct Csp²–H bond activation has been developed with simple exo-acetoxime as a directing group.

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Qi, Jun, and William R. Roush. "Synthesis of Precursors of the Agalacto (Exo) Fragment of the Quartromicins via an Auxiliary-Controlled Exo-Selective Diels−Alder Reaction." Organic Letters 8, no. 13 (June 2006): 2795–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol0609208.

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Sampaio-Dias, Ivo E., Sara C. Silva-Reis, Luís Pinto da Silva, Xerardo García-Mera, Miguel A. Maestro, and José E. Rodríguez-Borges. "Mechanistic insights for the transprotection of tertiary amines with Boc2O via charged carbamates: access to both enantiomers of 2-azanorbornane-3-exo-carboxylic acids." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 20 (2019): 3540–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qo00957d.

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Development of a synthetic methodology for the selective transprotection in hindered tertiary amines using Boc₂O under N–C hydrogenolysis catalyzed by Pd/C: access to both enantiomers of 2-azanorbornane-3-exo-carboxylates.

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Batistatos, Michalis, Manolis A. Fousteris, Sotiris S. Nikolaropoulos, Jean Le Bras, and Jacques Muzart. "Selective 5-exo-trig Iodocyclization of N-tosyl-2-allylanilines in Water." Letters in Organic Chemistry 7, no. 6 (September 1, 2010): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157017810791824829.

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Karcher, Thomas, Willi Sicking, Jürgen Sauer, and Reiner Sustmann. "Solvent effects on endo/exo selective in (4 + 2) cycloadditions of cyanoethylenes." Tetrahedron Letters 33, no. 52 (December 1992): 8027–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)74708-3.

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Garner, Philip, Jieyu Hu, Christopher G. Parker, Wiley J. Youngs, and Doug Medvetz. "The CuI-catalyzed exo-selective asymmetric multicomponent [C+NC+CC] coupling reaction." Tetrahedron Letters 48, no. 22 (May 2007): 3867–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.03.145.

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