Дисертації з теми "Exigences de la technologie"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Exigences de la technologie".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Le, Pors Éric. "Interprétation sémantique des exigences pour l'enrichissement de la traçabilité et pour l'amélioration des architectures de systèmes complexes." Télécom Bretagne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TELB0127.
Повний текст джерелаThe increasing complexity of software-intensive systems produced in the industry is related to the complexity of engineering: reduction of production delays, activities organisation, managing subcontractors. . . This complexity is also due to the increasing number of new functions and data to be processed. Moreover, it depends on the number of physical and software components to interact, constrained in terms of functionality and quality, which implies ever more difficult designs for these systems. To control their production, a high level of expertise is required in more and more domains. Moreover, this knowledge must be shared by many teams collaborating on building specification and implementing separate and specific entities of the system. System Engineering process describes the different building phases, from operational need analysis, through system need analysis, to the establishment of an architectural solution that meets the functional need expressed by the customer. This need is formalized in requirements. This PhD work proposes an approach to model architectural solutions by expressing the required functions associated with their non-functional constraints using different viewpoints. These viewpoints can represent different facets of the architectural solution, separing thus the global complexity. Additionally, controls allow to ensure that the solution is compliant with coherence and design rules. We also propose a method coupled with the realization of a conceptual model of the system and its environment, in order to obtain better written requirements. The conceptual model allows us to make an interpretation of the semantics present in these requirements in order to extract control and verification elements. These items captured in requirements will annotate elements of different viewpoints, representing the architecture, by exploiting traceability links established by design engineers. The verification of these annotations consideration and the automatic generation of viewpoints from information contained in the requirements allows us to obtain architectural solutions closer to the customer needs. The conceptual model also gives us the opportunity to capitalize, in different expertise domains, on engineers knowledge. It also enables us to establish a reference model as a basis for discussion and training of new team members
Rother, Eva. "Prise en compte des spécificités culturelles et des muta-tions nécessaires dans le management industriel français pour répondre aux nouvelles exigences de l’industrie 4.0." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI047.
Повний текст джерелаRegarding the previous industrial revolutions and organizational changes and evalu-ating the promises made by Industry 4.0, our aim is to imagine concrete developments in lean management and organization by building the manager of tomorrow. For this, a methodological approach will be applied to compare the theoretical con-cepts of lean, their concrete applications in current manufacturing and their possible weaknesses looking for I4.0 ‘s principles. Future developments will be made, by in-tegrating feedback and digital, organizational and generational constraints, and will allow us to draw up a portrait of the operational manager of the future, in an agile or even liberated organization. These proposals will be concretely implemented and evaluated on a French industri-al site that will be our field of experimentation. Through the analysis of the factors of success and failure of digitization projects in this historic factory of an international group, we will evaluate the assumptions previously made and enrich the management model imagined. In a second phase, through a survey of several European sites, we will question operational managers at all levels in order to define the func-tions and interactions of the French manager 4.0 in terms of skills, objectives and management methods. All these conclusions will focus on the key position of the in-termediate manager in technological developments and their ownership, but also on proposals to take into account and adapt organizations to facilitate the integration of the key concepts of I4.0 which are a great asset of renewal for the French industry
Assouroko, Ibrahim. "Gestion de données et dynamiques des connaissances en ingénierie numérique : contribution à l'intégration de l'ingénierie des exigences, de la conception mécanique et de la simulation numérique." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2030.
Повний текст джерелаOver the last twenty years, the deep changes noticed in the field of product development, led to methodological change in the field of design. These changes have, in fact, benefited from the significant development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) (such as PLM systems dedicated to the product lifecycle management), and from collaborative engineering approaches, playing key role in the improvement of product development process (PDP). In the current PLM market, PLM solutions from different vendors still present strong heterogeneities, and remain on proprietary technologies and formats for competitiveness and profitability reasons, what does not ease communication and sharing between various ICTs contributing to the PDP. Our research work focuses on PDP, and aims to contribute to the improvement of the integrated management of mechanical design and numerical simulation data in a PLM context. The research contribution proposes an engineering knowledge capitalization solution based on a product semantic relationship management approach, organized as follows : (1) a data structuring approach driven by so called semi-structured entities with a structure able to evolve along the PDP, (2) a conceptual model describing the fundamental concepts of the proposed approach, (3) a methodology that facilitates and improves the management and reuse of engineering knowledge within design project, and (4) a knowledge capitalization approach based on the management of semantic relationships that exist or may exist between engineering entities within the product development process
Radouani, Mohammed. "Contribution à la validation du modèle des chaînes de cotes." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENSA003.
Повний текст джерелаFabre, Caroline. "Peines perpétuelles et exigences européennes." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR0040.
Повний текст джерелаSince the death penalty was abolished in 1981, life imprisonment has established itself as an alternative sentence, thus becoming the most severe punishment in the spectrum of penalties. The questions of whether life imprisonment is useful and whether it is compatible with the notion of human dignity have interested the European Court of human rights which has indeed laid great emphasis on the necessity to preserve the rights enshrined in the European Convention of Human Rights. The issue lies in the very purpose of life imprisonment and the discrepancy between laws offering reduced sentences and the increase of established durations caused by the lengthening of unconditional imprisonment periods. This study will thus provide a review of the interpretative guidelines followed by European judges on the issue of life imprisonment so as to identify the various parameters taken into account by Judges when they set - in compliance with conventional dispositions - their requirements on the protection of the human rights of persons sentenced to perpetual imprisonment. This thesis will address the topic from a new standpoint in the context of European jurisprudence. Since it involves various political tendencies and juridical bulwarks, this topic allows us to confront perpetuity with the law systems calibrated by European Court of Human Rights. The issue of life imprisonment combines analysis of general criminal law, criminal procedure law as well as post sentence law which are indeed focused on the new criteria given by the European Court of Human Rights pertaining to the violation - and subsequently- preservation of basic rights
Peng, Yong. "Modelling and designing IT-enabled service systems driven by requirements and collaboration." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737773.
Повний текст джерелаSerra, Sophie. "Nicole Oresme : exigences scientifiques et projet politique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040107.
Повний текст джерелаFor the sake of convenience, the oresmian corpus has often been split into two parts. In a scientific one would be gathered his science treatises and his natural philosophy commentaries, whereas his translations into French of Aristotle's Politics, Economics and Nicomachean Ethics would belong to a political and moral one. But this dichotomy presents with a lot of flaws. First of all such a simplification doesn't take into account either the so-called pamphlets Oresme wrote against judicial astrology nor his monetary treatise. Besides, one must bear in mind that Oresme continuously wrote and translated his own writings into French, and especially those treatises. Secondly, in addition to being historically inaccurate, positing two “Oresmes” tends to suggest that one of these aspects would prevail over the other. It denies the very idea of an oeuvre, intended as unified by its author and the project he envisioned. Yet, the fact that Oresme chose to write some of his works in French all along his life indicates such a continuity. Another clue would be that he composed the Livre du Ciel et du Monde at the end of his career, a book both in French and of a great scientific complexity. To enlighten us about these matters, we can rely on the many passages Nicole Oresme devotes to knowledge and the means to attain it. The present thesis aims to walk in Oresme's steps, reconstruct his journey as an author and philosopher, and to show that he gradually established a unique and unified conception of man in all its dimensions, political as well as scientific
Salinesi, Camille. "L'Ingénierie des Exigences appliquée aux Systèmes d'Information." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01003149.
Повний текст джерелаBulusu, Sravani Teja. "Méthodologie d'ingénierie des exigences de sécurité réseau." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30084.
Повний текст джерелаBuilding secure networks is crucial as well as challenging for any organization. Network security majorly concerns the security architectural needs that describe network segmentation (i.e., security zoning); security of network devices connecting the communicating end user systems; and security of the information being transferred across the communication links. Most often, a late consideration of security aspects (i.e., post-deployment of network design) inevitably results in an increase in costs as well as in the complexity to take into account the necessary changes that have be made to the existing infrastructures. In this regard, network security requirements hold a paramount importance since they drive the decisions related to the implementation of security controls about business needs. Indeed, bad network security requirements can lead to ineffective and costly security or worth security holes in the network security design. Nevertheless, current security requirement engineering methodologies render no support to derive network security requirements. This thesis work is a part of the research project DGA IREHDO2 (Intégration REseau Haut Débit embarqué Optique 2ème phase) that concerns aircrafts future generation networks. Our work is done mainly in collaboration with AIRBUS and is related to the security requirements engineering process for aircraft networks. Our objective in this project is to propose an SRE methodology for capturing and analysing network security requirements, and that facilitates the refinement into network security and monitoring configurations (TOP/DOWN approach). The complexity addressed comes at a time from the differences in point of view: i) with regard to the understanding of the issue of security by different stakeholders, ii) the nature of the systems impacted and the variability of the levels of abstraction in the network development cycle. In this work, we defined SRE methodology based on the abstraction levels proposed by SABSA (Sherwood Applied Business Security Architecture) method in order to structure the refinement activity of business needs into network security requirements. Indeed, SABSA recommends the expression of the needs considering the Business view (decision makers), Architect's view (objectives, risks, processes, applications and interactions), Designer's view (security services), Builder's view (security mechanisms) and Tradesman's view (products, tools, technologies). We considered the first three views. We express the business and architect's views using STS (Social-Technical Systems) formalism. We also propose to represent attacks as multi-agent systems to facilitate the analysis of security risks at these first two views. For expressing the network security requirements captured at Designer's view, we propose a methodology that automates parts of the process of security zoning and network security requirements elicitation using a definite set of formalized rules derived from security design principles and formal integrity models. We developed a tool that implements these rules in ASP (Answer set programming), which facilitates calculating cost-optimal security zone models. In the end, to ensure traceability between the three views, we defined a new modelling notation based on the concepts proposed in KAOS (Keep All Objectives Satisfied) and STS. We illustrate our methodology using a scenario specific to the IRHEDO2 project. Finally, we evaluate our methodology using: 1) an e-commerce enterprise case study; 2) a new scenario specific to the IRHEDO2 project
Wallaert, Sylvie. "L' intégration des exigences environnementales en droit positif." Littoral, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DUNK0194.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at studying the positioning of environmental policies and the perfectible list of the tools of Law to integrate the environment. The protection of the environment as a value to protect still too often finds a various place and authority within the arbitration of other laws and systems. It is as much about a process of integration as the Law of the environment. The Law of the environment must do with a pure and simple articulation to the other branches of Law and takes a long time to find a real identity. In the same way it can’t get rid of the anthropocentric paradigm. It is legitimate to question the autonomisation of the Law of environment around a very precise object and means of action. Isn’t in particular a specialised judge necessary to really integrate the environmental requirements? It is thus necessary to wonder if a new legal regulation of the environment must be studied outside the strict state-controlled frame and if the precursory and revealing role of the integration of governmental requirements can take part mutatis mutandis in the renewal of the Law and the exchanges between the legal systems. The environmental integration would therefore serve evolutions which would fluidly fit into the Law, refresching it
Youssef, Hoda. "Ciblage d’Inflation en Égypte ? : exigences budgétaires et institutionnelles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0005.
Повний текст джерелаNflation targeting has emerged in recent years as an increasingly advocated framework for conducting monetary policy in order to achieve and maintain price stability. However, there is a wide consensus on the necessity of meeting a set of economic, institutional and technical preconditions in order to be able to successfully adopt an inflation targeting regime. Like many other developing countries, Egypt is aspiring to introduce inflation targeting as a framework for its monetary policy once the fundamental prerequisites are met. This thesis reviews these prerequisites and analyzes the extent to which they are met in Egypt. We argue that the major challenges that Egypt faces are the fiscal and institutional requirements, as the Egyptian economy suffers from fiscal dominance, a questionable independence of its central bank, as well as the weakness of the budgeting system and the mechanisms of execution and control of fiscal policy
Glatz, Tudor Alexandre. "L' adaptation du droit roumain aux exigences communautaires." Paris 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA020061.
Повний текст джерелаWasenda, N'Songo Corneille. "Le droit pénal congolais confronté aux exigences constitutionnelles." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D046.
Повний текст джерелаWhereas in other places the link between constitutional law and criminal law have been accepted as the basis of criminal law on the one hand, and the major questions of repressive law have played the role of a catalyst for the constitutionalisation of criminal law the state and the emergence of human rights on the other hand, in the Democratic Republic of Congo, however, the issue has rarely been treated systematically by researchers. Would the constitionalization of criminal law be a neglected subject ? The present thesis had the ambition to take up the challenge by making a cross reading and transversal of the various constitutions which ruled the country since the Basic law of 1960 relating to the structures of Congo, until the current Constitution of February 18. 2006. In this quest, it was necessary to avoid the trap of compartmentalization of legal disciplines by opting rather for their interdisciplinarity. Originnaly designed to combat the slave trade and protect the trade to the signatory states of the Berlin Act on the territory forming the Congo Basin, the criminal law has long kept this figure of a summary work, ignoring the importance constitutional issues on criminal policy. The observation was made during the developments of the first part devoted to the lack of respect for constitional requirementsin the construction of the repressive mechanism both in its foudations and its philosophical orientations. The changes that took place after the colonial period did not change the situation. Rather, they have created a repressive regime that focuses on protecting political institutions and their leaders, ignoring constitutional guarentees and respect for the fundamental rights of the human person. The democratic changes introduced by the Costitution of 18 february 2006 augured a new ideological framework in the organization of society. It jhas introduced new forms of social control and regulation, which are naturally part of a new criminal law. The latter must comply with certain ethical conditions in the determination and hierarchy of social values on the one hand, and one the other hand, in the protection of the social group with particular attention to vulnerable people and, finalty, it must have a value both for ordinary citizens and for the various categories of offenders, including a range of appropriate. The examination of all these questions has demonstrated in the second part of the thesis that there are limits to the respect constitutional requirements, because of the lack of adaptability of a constitutional review of penal norms and especially because of the insufficiency of criminal protection of the Constitution, thus preventing the Constitutionnal Court from playing the role of a real actor of criminal policy
Couture, Philippe. "Adaptation de la procédure SSFR aux exigences industrielles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30002.
Повний текст джерелаLa validité des modèles des générateurs est essentielle aux analyses de stabilité et de performance dynamique des réseaux électriques. Les producteurs d’énergie doivent fournir aux transporteurs d’électricité les paramètres électriques dynamiques du modèle de tous les générateurs mis en service après 1990. Les paramètres fournis doivent obligatoirement être validés par des mesures expérimentales. En Amérique du Nord, la procédure d’estimation des paramètres la plus acceptée est l’essai de courtcircuit brusque. Pour des cas de réfection, les risques élevés de bris peuvent devenir inacceptables. L’essai SSFR (« Standstill Frequency Response ») décrit dans la norme ANSI/IEEE Std 115-2009 comporte plusieurs avantages par rapport aux méthodes plus traditionnelles, notamment l’amélioration de la précision des modèles sur une bande passante plus large (> 200 Hz) et l’élimination des risques d’endommager le générateur. L’objectif du projet de recherche est de développer un système de mesure automatisé répondant à des contraintes industrielles afin d’assister la réalisation de l’essai SSFR sur de grands alternateurs hydrauliques. La solution proposée vise à maximiser la qualité des mesures tout en minimisant le nombre d’interventions manuelles et la complexité du montage expérimental. Le système a été utilisé pendant plus de deux mille heures afin de réaliser des essais de validation sur des générateurs de 5.4 kVA. Les essais ont permis de démontrer que le système est robuste et qu’il possède les spécifications requises pour effectuer des essais SSFR répondant aux exigences de la norme ANSI/IEEE Std 115- 2009. Les trois premiers chapitres du mémoire introduisent les bases théoriques liées à la modélisation dq0 d’un générateur synchrone, puis décrivent les principaux essais permettant l’identification des paramètres du modèle. La seconde partie du mémoire se concentre sur les divers aspects de conception du système de mesure automatisé.
Generator models validity is essential to analyze power grids stability and dynamic performance. Energy producers must provide power carriers with the model parameters of all generators commissioned after 1990. The parameters supplied must be validated by experimental measurements. In North America, the most accepted parameter estimation procedure is the short-circuit test. For repair cases, the high risk of damaging the alternator may become unacceptable. The SSFR (« Standstill Frequency Response ») test described in the ANSI / IEEE Std 115-2009 standard has several advantages over more traditional methods, namely an improvement of the models accuracy over a wider bandwidth (> 200 Hz) and the elimination of the risk of damaging the generator. The research project objective is to develop an automated measurement system meeting industrial constraints in order to assist the realization of the SSFR test on large hydraulic alternators. The proposed solution aims to maximize the quality of measurements while minimizing the number of manual interventions and the complexity of the experimental setup. The system has been used for more than two thousand hours to perform validation tests on 5.4 kVA generators. The tests demonstrated that the system is robust and has the required specifications to perform SSFR tests that meet the requirements of the ANSI / IEEE Std 115-2009 standard. The first three chapters of the thesis introduce the theoretical framework related to the dq0 modelisation of a synchronous generator, then describe the main tests allowing the identification of the model parameters. The second part of the thesis focuses on the various design considerations of the automated measurement system.
Bendjenna, Hakim. "Ingénierie des exigences pour les processus inter-organisationnels." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20092.
Повний текст джерелаRequirements Engineering (RE) process constitutes the earliest phase of the information system development life-cycle. Requirements elicitation is considered as one of the most critical activities of this phase. Moreover, requirements elicitation is still a challenge, especially in the distributed environment of so-called inter-company cooperative information system, where more issues are created by inadequate communication, time difference between sites, cultural and characteristics diversity of stakeholders. Even though existing requirements elicitation approaches based either on goal, scenario or viewpoint are effective techniques, however, it is well known that they present some difficulties in the practice. In this thesis, we propose a methodology called MAMIE (from MAcro to MIcro level requirements Elicitation) which integrates the three notions of goal, scenario and viewpoint to elicit requirements for an inter-company cooperative information system. We argue that these concepts may be used simultaneously and in a complementary way to improve the requirements elicitation process. Moreover, in order to increase the quality of the elicited requirements and thus the system-to-be quality, selecting an elicitation technique in MAMIE is not based on personal preferences but on situation assessment. A tool has been developed to facilitate the operation of our methodology and an example from textile industry is used to illustrate its applicability
Garion, Christophe. "Apports de la logique mathématique en ingénierie des exigences." Phd thesis, Toulouse, ENSAE, 2002. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/510/1/Garion_510.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаFilion, Marcel. "L'éthique environnementale face aux exigences de la raison publique." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/NQ47565.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаHellouin, Laureen. "Contribution à l'ingénierie des exigences et à la traçabilité." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT006G.
Повний текст джерелаSifferlen, Richard. "Etre formateur, des exigences nouvelles pour un métier nouveau ?" Lyon 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO20009.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, in order to practice the teaching profession in a vocational training or continuing education context, it is imperative to master the required knowledge and standpoints of the profession which can be classified into two distinctive groups. The first concerns know how, mainly the didactic skills in their strictest sense, regrouping essential experience and acquired knowledge vital to enable the implementation of the teaching process. This means, to be in full control of the influencing factors and the capacity to apply the appropriate methods and techniques in each teaching situation. Moreover it is vital to be capable of discerning the economical-political and social environment that the group to be taught belongs to, and to show the correct behaviour pattern and self criticism to adopt. The second group is of no lesser importance, it reposes upon a collection of foundations that are of a subjective character concerning the psychological aptitude of the teacher. This is the skills domaine, comprising of the more or less objective manner in which behaviour observation is interpreted. In this context, it is a matter of taking into consideration notions or concepts such as the profession, impartiality, determination or stubborness, open-mindedness, the control of one's authority, social integration, the conviction of learning capabilities, and crucially to be at ease in public relations. All of these qualities should be constantly present in every one of the teacher's attitudes. The last element relates to a more or less well balanced composition of the theoretical and practical knowledge, competence, aptitudes and capacities representing his or her way of teaching. The harmony of this composition will determine the efficiency and personal investment of the teacher in this profession
Naumchev, Alexandr. "Exigences orientées objets dans un cycle de vie continu." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30132.
Повний текст джерелаThe constantly changing customers' and users' needs require fast response from software teams. This creates strong demand for seamlessness of the software processes. Continuous integration, delivery and deployment, also known as DevOps, made a huge progress in making software processes responsive to change. This progress had little effect on software requirements, however. Specifying requirements still relies on the natural language, which has an enormous expressive power, but inhibits requirements' traceability, verifiability, reusability and understandability. Promoting the problematic qualities without inhibiting the expressiveness too much introduces a challenge. Bertrand Meyer, in his multirequirements method, accepts the challenge and proposes to express individual requirements on three layers: declarative subset of an object-oriented programming language, natural language and a graphical notation. This approach has motivated and inspired the work on the present thesis. While multirequirements focus on traceability and understandability, the Seamless Object-Oriented Requirements approach presented in the dissertation takes care of verifiability, reusability and understandability. The dissertation explores the Martin Glinz' hypothesis that software requirements should be objects to support seamlessness. The exploration confirms the hypothesis and results in a collection of tool-supported methods for specifying, validating, verifying and reusing object-oriented requirements. The most significant reusable technical contribution of the dissertation is a ready-to-use Eiffel library of template classes that capture recurring software requirement patterns. Concrete seamless object-oriented requirements inherit from these templates and become clients of the specified software. Object-oriented software construction becomes the method for requirements specification, validation and reuse; Design by Contract becomes the method for verifying correctness of implementations against the requirements. The dissertation reflects on several experiments and shows that the new approach promotes requirements' verifiability, reusability and understandability while keeping expressiveness at an acceptable level. The experiments rely on several examples, some of which are used as benchmarks in the requirements literature. Each experiment illustrates a problem through an example, proposes a general solution, and shows how the solution fixes the problem. While the experimentation relies on Eiffel and its advanced tool support, such as automated proving and testing, each idea underpinning the approach scales conceptually to any statically typed object-oriented programming language with genericity and elementary support for contracts
Driss, Maha. "Approche multi-perspective centrée exigences de composition de services Web." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648131.
Повний текст джерелаDela-Saviá, Sérgio. "L'institution imaginaire de l'ethos : exigences pour une éthique de l'autonomie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0070.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this work is the conditions that make thinkable an ethics of the autonomy. For such investigation I have mobilized the philosophy of imaginary of Cornelius Castoriadis. Thus, it's a question of thinking not of an ethics "at" Castoriadis, but of an ethics which is able to answer the demands of the project aiming at human autonomy while taking from Castoriadis' work the direction of such a project. The work thus tries to elucidate the conditions that make possible changing the ethos of the society : societal ways of being and normative source of a given social group (people, civilization, etc.). However, to think the change of the social world means to think the possibility of exercising the autonomy, what implies, consequently, of thinking an ethics and a politics that support this exercise. However, we cannot speak about "autonomy" in the sense of Castoriadis' philosophy without evoking at once the ontology specific to the social-historical world, i.e. the issues regarding the institution of the society ; the relations between psyche and society, the effectiveness of the social imaginary significations, etc. an "ethics of the autonomy" will be thus interdependent of the political activity insofar as this one institutes the field where the conditions of the exercise of autonomy can be created indeed : education/formation of the individuals as members and as copartners of the institution of the society as it is ; to create individuals to whom the public good is a major question ; individuals who will be able to intervene and to assert in the public field, as well as to establish laws and rules for the collective life
Claros, Salinas Maria Paz. "Contribution à l'ingénierie des exigences en conception de produits industriels." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0149.
Повний текст джерелаLn order to satisfy the constraints on competiveness and globalisation, the industrial organisations became very complex. The engineering design process shifted from a sequential process to a concurrent engineering and integrated design. Additionally, products being designed had made more complex the design process because multiple technologies (mechanical, software. . . ) are used while designing. Ln such context, the requirement management and the requirement engineering became complex tasks to achieve during the design process. We showed that the problem is not addressed from the beginning of the design process but that there is coevolution between problem and solution. To answer this challenge on requirement engineering, we first addressed activities that support requirements expression and evolution ail over the design process. Four activities were chosen. The next step was to look for means used in industrial organisations to support these activities (we focussed on elicitation and formalisation activities). Finally we proposed two models. The first one, underline the complexity of deploying requirements ina design process, and the second one highlights the relations between four elements of the organisation and their impact on the requirements network formalisation
Gudefin, Julia. "Le statut juridique de l'eau à l'épreuve des exigences environnementales." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO30068.
Повний текст джерелаAlong a simple stroll or through fine observations, you will always find water, wherever you go. However, the asset this resource represents for anthropogenic activities often hides its environmental reality, the one of its cycle. This is reflected in the legal definition of water which conceives it as property. This latter qualification assigns it to a judicial status which reveals the utilitarian function of the resource. Yet, the emergence of the environmental issues confronts water’s legal status to its tangible reality. Thus, the conflict between the law and water’s environmental demands makes way for protective regulations. Along with the hydrologic cycle’s legal representation, they both influence the evolution of water’s status. Consequently, the latter goes beyond property law traditional legal categories and arms itself with a protective purpose. Its rules and concepts are tied to the ecological function of water and to the environmental reality of the hydrologic cycle which shape yet another judicial condition for the water
Briand, Ségolène Faivre-Chauvet Alain. "Fabrication des médicaments expérimentaux radiopharmaceutiques stériles exigences réglementaires et techniques /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=33141.
Повний текст джерелаChabot, Martial. "Tests automatisés dirigés par les exigences pour systèmes cyber-physiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM056/document.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, many major manufacturers in different fields are working towards the design of smart products to meet new market needs. The design of these systems is increasingly complex, as they are composed of many physical components controlled by applications running on processors. In order to support this multi-disciplinary design, the solution we propose in this thesis is to guide the system modeling and design by taking into account the test scenarios that will be used to validate its requirements. The method that we propose suggests reasoning at the system level and starting the design process by formalizing validation tests. In other words, it amounts to specifying the acceptance criterion(s) for the requirement as well as the test scenario necessary to verify it. Formalizing the tests in this way makes it possible to analyze the formulation of the requirements themselves and to remove any ambiguity. We propose a generic model of the structural view of the test infrastructure, and an associated UML profile. The behavioral view is modeled as SysML sequence diagrams. The test infrastructure interfaces provide testability constraints for the system to be designed. We have developed a tool, ARES (Automatic GeneRation of Executable Tests from SysML), which automatically transforms this structural/behavioral specification of the tests into simulatable or executable scenarios. These scenarios, analogous by construction, will be used to validate simulatable models of the system (Matlab/Simulink), then during the process of final verification of the product (with a TestStand environment). We present the application of this tool on various case studies associated with Schneider Electric products
Chaibi, Rami. "Les exigences physiques chez les enseignants d'éducation physique au Québec." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1709/1/030126930.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Wenbin. "Towards a resilient service oriented computing based on ad-hoc web service compositions in dynamic environments." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0032/document.
Повний текст джерелаDue to the distributed and asynchronous nature of Web services, the Web service composition process plays an important role in achieving SOC. In dynamic environments by which contextual information such as Web service properties and composition requirements often change, the composition process is thus affected and, consequently, should be able to adapt composite applications to changes at design time and runtime. Un-fortunately, current Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Web service composition approaches lack of the ability to deal with continuous and un-predictable changes. Building resilient service-oriented architectures that are adaptable to endogenous and exogenous changes in dynamic environments reveal a drastic challenge to current composition processes. In addition, current composition processes provide a limited support for business users to specify their requirements in business languages to automatically compose business processes (i.e., composite services). By such, the gap be-tween business requirements and composition requirements related to Web services increases the complexity of developing adaptable SOA-based ap-plications and processes in dynamic environments. To overcome these challenges, we introduce the concept of Resili-ent Service-Oriented Computing (rSOC) to construct resilient SOA-based applications driven by business requirements in dynamic environments. To this end, the resilient SOA is defined as a set of models that affect and are affected by each other, and relies on a model-to-model transformation ap-proach to ensure SOA adaptability and evolution. In this thesis, we particu-larly focus on two models: a three-level composition requirement model and a Web service composition model, to establish the foundation for a re-silient SOA as follows: firstly, composition requirements are modeled in three levels, i.e., business-centric, capability-focused and rule-driven. Par-ticularly the business-centric requirement model provides business users with a structured natural language to specify requirements; secondly, a two-phase requirement transformation process builds the rule-driven Web ser-vice composition requirement model from the business-centric requirement model as set of composition rules, expressing multi-objective constraints that affect the composition process and its dynamic environment; thirdly, an ad-hoc Web service composition approach is introduced to flexibly con-struct composite services without predefined composition plans. Particularly, composition rules generated in composition process may affect other model(s) in the resilient SOA, such as composition requirement model, and recursively invoke the model-to-model transformation approach to replan the ad-hoc Web service composition approach
El, Jamal Mohamad Hani. "Contribution à l'évolution des exigences et son impact sur la sécurité." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139543.
Повний текст джерелаDjebbi, Olfa. "L' ingénierie des exigences par et pour les lignes de produits." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010010.
Повний текст джерелаFaget, Vincent. "La répétition de l'indu : entre exigences communautaires et contraintes nationales françaises." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU2002.
Повний текст джерелаThe recovery of undue payments, a concept directly inherited from roman law, has been largely restored by the Court of Justice of the European Communities so as to compel the members states to refund national taxes levied in breach of Community law, and to recover aid unlawfully paid to economic operators. All our national courts have thus been led to recognize and implement this concept, although under conditions which are very different and not very satisfactory, since they do not fully guarantee either the rights of the economics operators or the effectiveness of the requirements of EC law. This shows how necessary it is today to recast the law in that area. The European Convention on Human Rights and the Charter of Fundamental
Perrussel, Laurent. "Un outillage logique pour l'ingenierie des exigences multi-points de vue." Toulouse 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU30020.
Повний текст джерелаNajjar, Nathalie. "L'arbitrage dans les pays arabes face aux exigences du commerce international." Paris 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA020019.
Повний текст джерелаChristophe, François. "Sémantique et ingénierie des connaissances pour les exigences et la synthèse en préconception : vers l'automatisation de la clarification des exigences et la synthèse de solutions de préconception." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDN0019.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis suggests the use of tools from the disciplines of Computational Linguistics and Knowledge Representation with the idea that such tools would enable the partial automation of two processes of Conceptual Design: the analysis of Requirements and the synthesis of concepts of solution. The viewpoint on Conceptual Design developed in this research is based on the systematic methodologies developed in the literature. The evolution of these methodologies provided precise description of the tasks to be achieved by the designing team in order to achieve successful design. Therefore, the argument of this thesis is that it is possible to create computer models of some of these tasks in order to partially automate the refinement of the design problem and the exploration of the design space. In Requirements Engineering, the definition of requirements consists in identifying the needs of various stakeholders and formalizing it into design specifications. During this task, designers face the problem of having to deal with individuals from different expertise, expressing their needs with different levels of clarity. This research tackles this issue with requirements expressed in natural language (in this case in English). The analysis of needs is realised from different linguistic levels: lexical, syntactic and semantic. The lexical level deals with the meaning of words of a language. Syntactic analysis provides the construction of the sentence in language, i. E. The grammar of a language. The semantic level aims at finding about the specific meaning of words in the context of a sentence. This research makes extensive use of a semantic atlas based on the concept of clique from graph theory. Such concept enables the computation of distances between a word and its synonyms. Additionally, a methodology and a metric of similarity was defined for clarifying requirements at syntactic, lexical and semantic levels. This methodology integrates tools from research collaborators. In the synthesis process, a Knowledge Representation of the necessary concepts for enabling computers to create concepts of solution was developed. Such, concepts are: function, input/output flow, generic organs, behaviour, and components. The semantic atlas is also used at that stage to enable a mapping between functions and their solutions. It works as the interface between the concepts of this Knowledge Representation
Souag, Amina. "AMAN-DA : une approche basée sur la réutilisation de la connaissance pour l’ingénierie des exigences de sécurité." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010070/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn recent years, security in Information Systems (IS) has become an important issue that needs to be taken into account in all stages of IS development, including the early phase of Requirement Engineering (RE). Considering security during early stages of IS development allows IS developers to envisage threats, their consequences and countermeasures before a system is in place. Security requirements are known to be “the most difficult of requirements types”, and potentially the ones causing the greatest risk if they are not correct. Moreover, requirements engineers are not primarily interested in, or knowledgeable about, security. Their tacit knowledge about security and their primitive knowledge about the domain for which they elicit security requirements make the resulting security requirements poor and too generic. This thesis explores the approach of eliciting requirements based on the reuse of explicit knowledge. First, the thesis proposes an extensive systematic mapping study of the literature on the reuse of knowledge in security requirements engineering identifying the different knowledge forms. This is followed by a review and classification of security ontologies as the main reuse form. In the second part, AMAN-DA is presented. AMAN-DA is the method developed in this thesis. It allows the elicitation of domain-specific security requirements of an information system by reusing knowledge encapsulated in domain and security ontologies. Besides that, the thesis presents the different elements of AMANDA: (I) a core security ontology, (II) a multi-level domain ontology, (III) security goals and requirements’ syntactic models, (IV) a set of rules and mechanisms necessary to explore and reuse the encapsulated knowledge of the ontologies and produce security requirements specifications. The last part reports the evaluation of the method. AMAN-DA was implemented in a prototype tool. Its feasibility was evaluated and applied in case studies of three different domains (maritime, web applications, and sales). The ease of use and the usability of the method and its tool were also evaluated in a controlled experiment. The experiment revealed that the method is beneficial for the elicitation of domain specific security requirements, and that the tool is friendly and easy to use
Konate, Jacqueline. "Approche système pour la conception d'une méthodologie pour l'élicitation collaborative des exigences." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00435878.
Повний текст джерелаCoulin, Chad Raymond. "Une Approche Situationnelle et un outil intelligent pour l'élicitation collaborative des exigences." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195833.
Повний текст джерелаUninski, Hélène. "Une ingénierie participative des exigences pour les systèmes interactifs complexes en aéronautique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30321/document.
Повний текст джерелаRequirements Engineering plays a crucial role in coordinating the different stakeholders needed for safe aeronautics systems engineering. The notion of requirement is a key concept in system definition and represents the cornerstone of communication among stakeholders: customer, user, systems engineers, suppliers. The certification process in critical systems requires traceability documents as a means of demonstrating safety, showing links between the several artifacts (high-level requirements, refined requirements, components and interfaces). We conducted a qualitative study, using interviews and mockups, with fifteen industrial practitioners from four aeronautics companies, to investigate which tasks are actually performed by requirements engineers and how current tools support these tasks. We found that RE-specific tools constrain engineers to a rigid workflow, which conflicts with the adaptive exploration of the problem. Engineers often start by using general-purpose tools to foster exploration and collaborative work with suppliers, at the expense of traceability. When engineers shift to requirements refinement and verification, they must use RE-specific tools to grant traceability. But the lack of tool usability yields significant time loss and dissatisfaction. Based on observed RE practices, we devise a situated vision of Requirements Engineering, rendering its role in between the operational context and the engineering context of the system. Based on scenarios and prototypes, we formulate usability insights for RE-specific tools. In particular, we propose interactive coordinated visualizations of structured text, allowing engineers to decorelate rigor from rigidity throughout the RE process, by providing flexibility during the process while gradually tackling approximation to the end of the process. The requirements engineer takes advantage of structured visualizations of requirements, from which he can communicate with stakeholders, search for text, get the progress status of requirements, detect and fill missing information thanks to interactive navigation and filtering. Beyond interactive tools supporting a situated vision of RE, we propose a new approach to RE: participatory requirements engineering (PRE). Its purpose is the production of mature requirements specifying in the future system the coverage of unforeseen situations in the current system, yet managed by users. The approach is based on the combined use of participatory design techniques to involve the users, with a continuous effort of abstraction and requirements statement to inform the system definition. We apply the approach on four projects in aeronautics: collaboration and air traffic control, cockpit of an electric training aircraft, analysis of accident report and new flight instrument. We present the engineering artifacts resulting from the application of the approach in order to evaluate its benefits
Lachance, Martyn. "Une analyse critique du concept d'inculturation : fécondités et exigences du concept d'inculturation." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/51241.
Повний текст джерелаKonaté, Jacqueline. "Approche système pour la conception d'une méthodologie pour l'élicitation collaborative des exigences." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/689/.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis treats the collaboration issues of design teams in the context of System Engineering (SE). Systems are more and more complex; their design requires the involvement of various skills, i. E. , several stakeholders. This also involves team work between different stakeholders. Since this needs to be done correctly, it is necessary to define the methods required. In order to accomplish this, we were interested in collaboration that we considered more elaborated than simply group work. Indeed, collaboration is intended to be a group work that is better organized and structured, with clearly defined rules. To understand this problem more clearly, we were particularly interested in the process of identifying the needs of the system also called Requirements Engineering (RE), which is the first phase of the Engineering System. RE is a very complex process during which system requirements have to be defined based on needs from different stakeholders concerned in one way or another by the realization of the system. We make a distinction between the need that is the perception of a final user of the system, and the requirement that is the vision, in technical terms, that a designer or a developer has of the system. Indeed, requirement is the technical expression of a need and it will be recorded in the specifications book in order to be transferred to the system realization team. The process of needs collection and the transformation of these needs into technical requirements is critical and requires involvement of all stakeholders. As a result of this, we decided to adopt a collaborative approach to deal with the complexity of this process. Thus, in order to define the boundaries and scope of our research work, we made a literature review on RE. We have more focused on the phase of Requirements Elicitation, the first phase of RE, because it requires the committed participation of all stakeholders. Given the nature of the problem, we have distinguished two domains in which our research work is located: RE through Requirements Elicitation and Collaboration. .
Hélouët, Loïc. "Analyse des exigences des systèmes répartis exprimées par des langages de scénarios." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10097.
Повний текст джерелаHuang, Chao-Yun Robert. "La prise en charge des enfants autistes à l'école : réalités et exigences." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE29002.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies an important subject of the education of the children of special needs in France : "the schooling of autistic children". Is it possible, necessary and relevant to integrate the autistic children into the school ? If this is positive answer, which are the educational and teaching conditions precise of this educational placement which can support the whole of the development of these children ? Based on the anthropological evaluation logic, this research evaluates firstly the coherence between the autism's specific characteristics and the different placements. Then, we propose a traditional evaluation of the effectiveness of the educational placement at the school by means of various observations (open and structured) on the teaching and educational interactions between teachers and student. There are three principal "discoveries" in this research: 1. The personal conception on the autism of the chef person of the institute or of the teacher is a factor, which influences in a determining way on the conditions of placement. 2. We find a complement between the new educational approaches especially intended for the autistic children and the general pedagogy like Montessori pedagogy in teaching practice. 3. The autistic children's schooling is a relevant method by considering its educational effects in particular in the funding of a pedagogical relationship between teacher and student, the awareness of consciousness in the autistic children's learning strategy and the reduction of difficulties in the learning
Gomez, Sotelo Karla. "Méthodologie d'assurance de la qualité pendant la définition des exigences d'un système." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ISAT0037.
Повний текст джерелаCompanies are competing to put their products on the market. In this race, knowledge of the quality characteristics that end users require for the product is sometimes presupposed or misunderstood. The result is often a product that does not achieve the purpose for which it was designed and manufactured. In this context, is it possible to guide the development process methodologically in order to ensure the quality of a product? With reference to Systems Engineering, it is at the stage of Concept in the life cycle of the system that the needs of stakeholders are collected, translated first into stakeholder requirements and then into system requirements. This thesis therefore addresses these steps as a priority. It proposes a methodology to ensure that stakeholder needs are well understood and properly translated into system requirements. The proposal complies with the ISO 15288 (2015) quality standard and incorporates the Lean principles. The thesis also proposes a tool that supports the methodology. The results obtained from several case studies developed at the Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca (ITTol), Mexico, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Its use increases the likelihood that the delivered product will meet stakeholder expectations, reduces requirement changes due to misidentification of needs and, therefore, the costs incurred by these changes, and ensures faster delivery of the product to the market
Mili, Saoussen. "Approche de vérification formelle des exigences de sécurité pour les systèmesembarqués communicants." Thesis, CY Cergy Paris Université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CYUN1062.
Повний текст джерелаDue to their most often complex nature, the control of the security in commu-nicating embedded systems comes up against major difficulties. The adoption of amodel-based approach for verifying system requirements at the earliest stage, i.e. in the design phase, may bring about substantial cost cutting and time saving. In this doctoral thesis, we propose a design-centric approach for the formal verification of an attack scenario satisfiability for embedded communicating systems. Thus, we propose a three-stage approach : i) conceptual modelling of the system, ii) conceptual modelling of the attack, iii) transformation of conceptual models into formal models for verification. For the structural and behavioural modelling of the system, we opted for the SysML language as it offers the best adaptability and extensibility by profiling. In order to personalize the modelling of data flows, we stereotyped ports and connectors according to their technologies and properties. This extension allowed us to monitor the circulation traces of flows between the differentcommunicating subsystems. A documentation of the connectivity profile was pro-posed. For structuring the attack, we put forward an extended attack tree profile termed ExtAttTree. Unlike conventional attack trees, this profile manages to ensure both formal and temporal aspects of the attack, through the insertion of operators of temporal logic in its nodes.We introduce, in the third part, a study of models’ transformation, carried outwithin this predefined framework. The transformation proceeded in a substantially optimized way, based on the Model-Driven Architecture paradigm. We implemented two transformation processes. The first aimed to generate NuSMV code from SysML models by using a transformation by template paradigm with Acceleo. The second ensures the transition from the ExtAttTree attack to the Computational Tree Logic formula using a programming language transformation paradigm with Java. The generated models are simulated on the NuSMV model checker. The system is characterized by attributes ; to achieve satisfiability tests, a variation in the attributes truth-value is carried out. This scheme allows to accurately detect the conditions that led to an attack. As a complement to this approach, we proposed two case studies of connected cars remote attacks (the Jeep Cherokee and the Tesla Model S). The attack scenarios inspired from real-life are analyzed in order to validate the approach
Vidal-Naquet, Ariane. "Les garanties légales des exigences constitutionnelles dans la jurisprudence de Conseil constitutionnel." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020084.
Повний текст джерелаHassan, Walid. "Réforme institutionnelle des Nations Unies et exigences du maintien de la paix." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NAN20014.
Повний текст джерелаBrining an effective response to the majority of the threats against the peace, which concerns from now on the international community, requires a collective action. It is in this spirit, the UN is regarded as an essential instrument to deliberate and act on these threats. In this spirit, the reform of the United Nations is necessary to permit the Organization to adapt to the evolutions of the world, to learn the lessons from the last experiences (Rwanda, Srebrenica) and to modernize the international action etc. So, it is necessary to reinforce the authority and the legitimacy of the Organization, to make it more effective
Humbert, Sophie. "Déclinaison d'exigences de sécurité, du niveau système vers le niveau logiciel, assistée par des modèles formels." Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13580.
Повний текст джерелаBlouin, Annie. "Les exigences pastorales de Mgr de Saint-Vallier envers ses prêtres, 1685-1727." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38027.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBlouin, Annie. "Les exigences pastorales de Mgr de Saint-Vallier envers ses prêtres, 1685-1727." Ottawa : Bibliothèque et archives Canada, 1999. http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ38027.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаPrades, Rémi. "Intérêt du public et droit d'auteur : de la conception classique aux exigences actuelles." Paris 12, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA122006.
Повний текст джерела