Статті в журналах: "Excitation transverse"

1

Hosokawa, Shinya. "Transverse acoustic phonon excitations in liquid metals." Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie 235, no. 1-2 (August 10, 2020): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zpch-2020-1626.

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Abstract In this article, transverse acoustic (TA) phonon excitations in various liquid metals are reviewed. Low-frequency TA phonon excitations were investigated on liquid Ga, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Bi, by using high energy resolution inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS). The current correlation functions obtained from the IXS spectra were analyzed by using two Gaussians to evaluate the excitation energies and widths of the longitudinal acoustic and TA excitation modes, which are consistent with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The lifetimes and propagating lengths of the TA modes were determined, and may respectively correspond to the lifetimes and sizes of cages instantaneously formed in each liquid metal. The microscopic elastic constants were estimated and characteristic differences from macroscopic polycrystalline values were found in Poisson’s ratios. Future experimental and analytical problems to be solved in the near future are addressed.

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2

Wang, Hongbo, and Shimin Dong. "Spatial Transverse Vibration Simulation Model of Axially Moving Sucker Rod String under the Excitation of Curved Borehole." Shock and Vibration 2020 (August 6, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3108718.

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The mechanical model of transverse vibration of sucker rod string (SRS) in directional well is simplified to the transverse vibration model of longitudinal and transverse curved beam with initial bending under borehole constraints. In this paper, besides considering the excitation of alternating axial load on the transverse vibration of SRS, it is proposed for the first time that curved borehole is also the main excitation for the transverse vibration when the SRS moves reciprocating axially in the borehole. Based on the elastic body vibration theory, the transverse vibration mathematical model of SRS with initial bending under borehole constraints is established. In this model, the curved borehole excitation caused by the axial motion and the alternating axial load excitation is considered. Besides, the elastic collision theory is applied to describe the constraint of tube on the SRS transverse vibration in this model. Then the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is used to calculate the transverse vibration of SRS in directional wells. The simulation results show the following: (1) The simulation results of the three simulation models in this paper are different. The results indicate that the curved borehole excitation caused by the axial motion and the alternating axial load excitation is the main excitation for the SRS transverse vibration. (2) In directional wells, the rod and tube contact along the well depth, and the dangerous sections locate at the deviation section of the borehole and the compression section of the rod. On the whole, the contact force between rod and tube in deviation section of borehole is larger. The transverse vibration of the compression section of the rod is the most violent.

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3

Jasinska, Dorota, Joanna M. Dulinska, and Pawel Boron. "Influence of Spatial Variability of Seismic Shock on Steel Hall with Experimentally Determined Elasto-Plastic Parameters of Steel Material." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 884–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.884.

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In the paper the influence of spatial variability of a seismic shock on an industrial steel hall was examined. Different models of seismic excitation were introduced. Firstly, a uniform seismic excitation model was applied, assuming identical motion of all supports of the hall. Then, a non-uniform excitation model was implemented. In that model subsequent points of the ground in the direction of wave propagation repeat the same motion with a certain time delay dependent on the wave velocity. Two direction of the wave passage were assumed: longitudinal (along the longer side of the hall) and transverse (along the shorter side of the hall). To guarantee proper nonlinear elasto-plastic behavior of the structure, the material parameters of the steel were determined experimentally. The dynamic analyses revealed that the response of the hall to the seismic shock was reported beyond the elastic range. Plastic effects appeared in some zones of the primary as well as the secondary structural members of the object, regardless of the excitation model. The model of non-uniform seismic excitation with transverse wave passage turned out to have the greatest impact on the dynamic response of the hall; the plastic strains obtained for that model were much greater than those obtained for other models. The transverse non-uniform excitation generated irreversible strains almost 3 times greater than the uniform excitation. The evolution of significant plastic effects was observed mainly for non-uniform excitations in the lower parts (girts and columns) of the hall, which were strongly affected by the different motions of the ground.

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4

Yeh, Meng Kao, and Kuei Chang Tung. "Dynamic Instability of Delaminated Composite Plates under Parametric Excitation." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1765.

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The dynamic instability behavior of delaminated composite plates under transverse excitations was investigated experimentally and analytically. An electromagnetic device, acting like a spring with alternating stiffness, was used to parametrically excite the delaminated composite plates transversely. An analytical method, combined with the finite element method, was used to determine the instability regions of the delaminated composite plates based on the modal parameters of the composite plate and the position, the stiffness of the electromagnetic device. The delamination size and position of composite plates were varied to assess their effects on the excitation frequencies of simple and combination resonances in instability regions. The experimental results were found to agree with the analytical ones.

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5

Ding, Weigao, and Jin Xie. "A piezoelectric energy harvester for human body motion subjected to two different transversal reciprocating excitations." Mechanical Sciences 14, no. 1 (February 23, 2023): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ms-14-77-2023.

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Abstract. Harvesting energy from human body motion to supply electricity for wearable devices is focused on in this paper. Based on the fact that the frequency of human body motion is lower and the motions of different human body parts are variable, a piezoelectric energy harvester subjected to two different transversal reciprocating excitations is studied in this paper. Each excitation is treated as a transverse rheonomic constraint. The dynamics equation of the beam is established using the Hamiltonian principle. Expressing the transverse rheonomic constraint as a periodic function, closed-form solutions of the dynamics equation are obtained. And the characteristics of energy harvesters are investigated based on the closed-form solutions. The results show that the difference between the two excitations will certainly cause the energy harvester to generate more output power at lower frequencies of excitations, and the larger the difference, the more the output power will be generated. This unusual characteristic at the lower frequency enables the proposed harvester to be quite suitable to harvest energy from the motions of the human body.

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6

Hao, Yu Xin, Wei Zhang, L. Yang, and J. H. Wang. "Dynamic Response of Cantilever FGM Cylindrical Shell." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 3986–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.3986.

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An analysis on the nonlinear dynamics of a cantilever functionally graded materials (FGM) cylindrical shell subjected to the transversal excitation is presented in thermal environment.Material properties are assumed to be temperature-dependent. Based on the Reddy’s first-order shell theory,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the FGM cylindrical shell are derived using the Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin’s method is utilized to discretize the governing partial equations to a two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system including the quadratic and cubic nonlinear terms under combined external excitations. It is our desirable to choose a suitable mode function to satisfy the first two modes of transverse nonlinear oscillations and the boundary conditions for the cantilever FGM cylindrical shell. Numerical method is used to find that in the case of non-internal resonance the transverse amplitude are decreased by increasing the volume fraction index N.

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7

Zhang, Shaohua, Yong Yuan, Yusheng Yang, Chong Li, and Herbert A. Mang. "Dynamic Performance of Soil–Tunnel System under Transverse Sinusoidal Excitations." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (May 31, 2021): 5097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115097.

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Input of sinusoidal excitation with specified frequency is an optimal way to capture the mechanism of soil-tunnel interaction. Focusing on the relationship between the frequency of input sinusoidal motions and the dynamic response of a system, this study carried out a series of shaking table tests on both a free-field model and soil–tunnel model in the background of the tunnel in soft ground. To detect the detailed deformation of segmental linings, a refined lining ring of the model tunnel was developed, and the stiffness ratio between the soil and tunnel was verified. Seven sinusoidal excitations were designated to cover the fundamental frequency of the model ground, with the input of transverse direction. Effects of frequency of sinusoidal excitations on soil-tunnel interaction can be evaluated by the detailed responses of segmental linings, such as cross-sectional deformations, extension/closure of longitudinal joints, dynamic normal earth pressures, and dynamic strains of segments. Results shows that the differences of the acceleration responses, on the respects of waveform, phase, and peak, between the upper soil layer and the lower soil layer are obviously increasing with the input frequency increasing. The presence of the tunnel induces a relatively high effect on acceleration responses of the ground within excitation frequency varying from 9 to 17 Hz. The maximum responses of the tunnel are highly influenced by both the fundamental frequency of the model ground and lower frequency of excitations.

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8

Guo, Yongbo, Dekun Zhang, Xinyue Zhang, Songquan Wang, and Wan Ma. "Experimental Study on the Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics of Wire Rope under Periodic Excitation in a Friction Hoist." Shock and Vibration 2020 (February 17, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8506016.

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The nonlinear dynamic responses of a wire rope under periodic excitation in a friction hoisting system are investigated. Longitudinal excitation experiments of different periodic excitation frequencies are performed. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the rope, including transverse, longitudinal, and coupled vibrations, are discussed with time-frequency analysis. The results show that the transverse vibration is a forced vibration following the excitation, while the longitudinal vibration shows a complex, random vibration state. The vibration amplitude and intensity deviate significantly from their linear trend (superharmonic resonance) at some excitation frequencies, and this deviation indicates the typical nonlinear multiorder natural frequency characteristics. The lifting motion can lead to additional corrugated high-order harmonics and cause a fundamental wave distortion of low-frequency excitation. Experimental evidence for the coupling characteristics of the transverse-longitudinal rope vibration in the lifting process is found.

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9

Yousefi, Yousef, and Khikmat Kh Muminov. "Quadrupole Excitation in Tunnel Splitting Oscillation in Nanoparticle." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/530765.

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We analyze the interference between tunneling paths that occur for a spin system with special Hamiltonian both for dipole and quadrupole excitations. Using an instanton approach, we find that as the strength of the second-order transverse anisotropy is increased, the tunnel splitting for both excitations is modulated, with zeros occurring periodically and the number of quenching points for quadrupole excitation decreasing. This effect results from the interference of four tunneling paths connecting easy-axis spin orientations and occurs in the absence of any magnetic field.

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10

de Barros, Everaldo, Carlos d’Andrade Souto, and Mauro Hugo Mathias. "Experimental Observation Of Nonlinear Vibrations Using A Closed-Loop Vibration System." Metrology and Measurement Systems 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mms-2015-0045.

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Abstract This paper presents experimental observation of nonlinear vibrations in the response of a flexible cantilever beam to transverse harmonic base excitations around its flexural mode frequencies. In the experimental setup, instead of manual control of the signal excitation frequency and amplitude, a closed-loop vibration system is used to keep the excitation amplitude constant during the frequency sweep and to increase confidence in the experimental results. The experimental results show the presence of the third mode in the response when varying the excitation frequency around the fourth mode. The frequency-response curves, response spectrum and Poincaré plots were used for characterization of nonlinear dynamic behaviour of the beam.

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11

Tian, Li, Hong Nan Li, and Wen Ming Wang. "Response of Transmission Lines under Three-Dimensional Seismic Excitations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2259.

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The behavior of transmission line under three-dimensional seismic excitations is studied by numerical simulation. According to a practical engineering, the transmission towers are modeled by frame elements and the transmission lines are modeled by cable element account for the nonlinearity of the cable. The effects of single-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional ground motions on the responses of transmission line are investigated using nonlinear time history analysis method, respectively. The results indicate that the longitudinal maximum response of transmission lines can be obtained considering longitudinal ground motion excitation only. The transverse maximum response of transmission lines can be obtained considering transverse ground motion excitation only. Neglecting multiple nature of ground motion in analysis will significantly underestimate the vertical responses of the transmission lines. To obtain an accurate seismic response of transmission lines, three-dimensional ground motion inputs are required.

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12

Gustafson, G., and M. Olsson. "Transverse jets in high-mass diffractive excitation." Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields 56, no. 2 (June 1992): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01555528.

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13

Kotsoglou, Anastasios, and Stavroula Pantazopoulou. "Bridge–embankment interaction under transverse ground excitation." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 36, no. 12 (2007): 1719–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.715.

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14

Scurtu, Petru Razvan, Mike Clark, and Jean W. Zu. "Coupled longitudinal and transverse vibration of automotive belts under longitudinal excitations using analog equation method." Journal of Vibration and Control 18, no. 9 (September 30, 2011): 1336–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546311418866.

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There are many studies on vibrations of moving belts originated from automotive belt drives. These studies, however, mainly consider the nonlinear effect of the transversal vibration of the belt under transversal excitation without considering the coupling effect between the transversal and longitudinal vibrations under longitudinal excitation. In this paper, a nonlinear model is built for a standing tensioned belt periodically excited longitudinally at one end with a known amplitude and frequency and with the other end clamped, which allows for coupling between the periodic longitudinal excitation and transversal vibration. The nonlinear system is solved using the Analog Equation Method. The two coupled nonlinear hyperbolic differential equations of the system are reduced to two uncoupled linear equations pertaining to the longitudinal and transverse deformation of a substitute beam with unit longitudinal and bending stiffness, respectively. The reduced equations are under a fictitious time-dependent load distribution with the same boundary and initial conditions. The fictitious forces are established numerically from the integral expression of the oscillation solution with the requirement that the equations of motion be satisfied at discreet time intervals. It is found that the transversal vibration appears as a stable and predictable beating phenomenon due to an internal resonance from the periodic energy transfer between the longitudinal excitation and the transversal vibration, which manifests itself as a standing wave.

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15

Yao, Jiannan, and Xingming Xiao. "Investigation of Collision Behavior of Hoisting Catenaries during a Lifting Cycle in Coal Mines." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/640712.

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This investigation focused on the analyses of transverse vibrations of mine hoisting catenaries where collision between adjacent ropes is more likely to occur. To support the analyses of transverse vibrations of catenaries, theoretical correlation models for longitudinal tension and transverse vibration were first established. Based on a severe rope collision case, on-site measurements and numerical simulations were performed. The research results indicated that the external second-order excitation frequency induced by axial fluctuations of head sheave was the primary excitation frequency, which was closer to the resonance frequency. Furthermore, the effects of excitation amplitude and imbalanced tension were also investigated revealing that larger excitation amplitude contributes to larger response amplitude and the maximum response amplitude of a catenary is sensitive to imbalanced rope tension. Eventually, new solutions, which will facilitate hoisting catenary operation beyond the resonance frequency range, were proposed.

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16

Toirov, Olimjon, Аllabergan Bekishev, Sardor Urakov, and Utkir Mirkhonov. "Development of Differential Equations and their Solution Using the Simulink Matlab Program, which Calculate the Self-Swinging of Synchronous Machines with Traditional and Longitudinal-Transverse Excitation." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601116.

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The article presents the differential equations of a synchronous generator in phase coordinates and in the coordinate system (d, q). In addition, differential equations of synchronous machines with longitudinal-transverse excitation and a block diagram based on these equations are given. The system of differential equations is solved by the operator method. On the basis of a system of differential equations using the Simulink Matlab program, a structural diagram was created and a graph of the self-swinging processes taking place in synchronous machines with conventional and longitudinal-transverse excitation was obtained. On the basis of the obtained graph, the processes of self-swinging of synchronous generators with traditional and longitudinal and transverse excitation are compared.

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17

Yang, Guang-Wu, Long Yang, Shou-Ne Xiao, Shi-Lin Jiang, and Wei Ma. "Competitive Failure of Loosening and Fatigue of Bolts under Composite Excitation." Shock and Vibration 2021 (September 30, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1441122.

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At present, research on the loosening of bolts under transverse excitation and their fatigue under axial excitation has been relatively mature, but research on the competitive relationship and failure characteristics between loosening and fatigue of bolts under transverse and axial composite excitation is still insufficient. Therefore, a method to accurately determine the failure types of bolts is proposed in this study by conducting a competitive failure test of loosening and fatigue under composite excitation. According to this method, the failure types of bolts can be distinguished. The analysis results reveal that there is an obvious competitive failure relationship between the loosening and fatigue of bolts, and the failure mode is mainly affected by the ratio of the transverse and axial loads (ξ). There is a critical ξ of bolt-loosening or fatigue failure, and the critical ξ is an inherent property of the bolt and is unrelated to the load. The critical ξ of 8.8 grade M8 × 1.25 × 70 high-strength bolts under composite excitation is obtained as 0.075 mm/kN. The failure mode of bolts under composite excitation can be predicted based on the critical ξ.

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18

LIU, J. T., X. D. YANG, and L. Q. CHEN. "BIFURCATIONS AND CHAOS OF AN AXIALLY MOVING PLATE UNDER EXTERNAL AND PARAMETRIC EXCITATIONS." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 12, no. 04 (July 2012): 1250023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021945541250023x.

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The chaos and bifurcations in transverse motion of an axially moving thin plate under external and parametric excitations are studied herein. The geometric nonlinearity is introduced by using the von Karman large deflection theory. The coupled partial differential equations of transverse deflection and stress are truncated into a set of ordinary differential equations. By using the Poincaré map and the largest Lyapunov exponent, the dynamical behaviors including chaos are identified based on numerical solutions of the ordinary differential equations. The bifurcation diagrams are presented for different parameters, such as axially moving velocity, damping, external and parametric excitation amplitudes. The chaos is detected in both cases of external and parametric excitations. The interesting relevance between onset of chaos with the corresponding linear instability range are indicated in the external and parametric responses.

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19

Verwichte, Erwin, Petra Kohutova, Patrick Antolin, George Rowlands, and Thomas Neukirch. "Excitation and Evolution of Transverse Loop Oscillations by Coronal Rain." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 13, S335 (July 2017): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317011024.

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AbstractWe present evidence of the excitation of vertically polarised transverse loop oscillations triggered by a catastrophic cooling of a coronal loop with two thirds of the loop mass comprising of cool rain mass. The nature and excitation of oscillations associated with coronal rain is not well understood. We consider observations of coronal rain using data from IRIS, SOT/Hinode and AIA/SDO in a bid to elucidate the excitation mechanism and evolution of wave characteristics. We apply an analytical model of wave-rain interaction, that predicts the inertial excitation amplitude of transverse loop oscillations as a function of the rain mass, to deduce the relative rain mass. It is consistent with the evolution of the oscillation period showing the loop losing a third of its mass due to falling coronal rain in a 10-15 minute time period.

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20

Hidayat, M. Reza, Mohamad Hamzah Zamzam, and Salita Ulitia Prini. "Excitation Analysis of Transverse Electric Mode Rectangular Waveguide." Jurnal Elektronika dan Telekomunikasi 20, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jet.v20.1-8.

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A waveguide is a transmission medium in the form of a pipe and is made from a single conductor. A waveguide has the function of delivering electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 300 MHz - 300 GHz and is able to direct the waves in a particular direction. In its development, a waveguide can be used as a filter. A filter consists of several circuits designed to pass signals that are generated at a specific frequency and attenuate undesired signals. One type of filter that can pass a signal in a particular frequency range and block signals that are not included in that frequency range is a bandpass filter. In this article, we study a rationing analysis on rectangular waveguide using TEmn mode followed by an implementation of a bandpass filter in the frequency range of 3.3-3.5 GHz for S-Band Wireless Broadband and Fixed Satellite. The observation process is done by shifting the position of the connector (power supply) as much as five times the shift to get the results as desired. Based on the analysis of the simulation process using Ansoft HFSS software, it is observed that the optimized results of the rectangular waveguide mode TE10 were obtained at a distance between connectors of 30 mm with a cut-off frequency of 3.3 GHz, the value of the return loss parameter of -34.442 dB and an insertion loss of -0.039 dB. Whereas, the optimized TE20 mode can be obtained at a distance of 70 mm between connectors, with a cut-off frequency of 3.5 GHz, the value of the return loss parameter of -28.718 dB and an insertion loss of -0.045. The measurement of TE10 mode in our Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) shows a cut-off frequency of 3.2 GHz, with a value of the return loss of -18.73 dB and an insertion loss of -2.70 dB. Meanwhile, a measurement of TE20 mode results in a cut-off frequency of 3.2 GHz, with a value of the return loss of -5.89 dB and an insertion loss of -4.31 dB.

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21

de Martini, F., O. Jedrkiewicz, and P. Mataloni. "Quantum Light Generation and Superradiance Effects in the Active Microcavity." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 07, no. 01 (March 1998): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863598000107.

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The process of generation of non-classical radiation in an active Fabry-Perot dye microcavity, under femtosecond excitation, has been investigated. Single photon states, with a non-classical sub-Poissonian distribution have been generated after the excitation of a small number of active molecules, located between the two mirrors. By multiple excitation of the active medium, collective emission phenomena are expected because of the strong superradiant coupling occurring within the transverse coherence area of the microcavity. In particular, we have experimentally verified the principle of relativistic causality within the process of two-dipole superradiance by transverse interaction, in condition of strong microcavity confinement.

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22

Norkhojaeva, N. N., N. B. Pirmatov, and N. K. Kamalov. "Mathematical model for calculating transients of a single-pole synchronous machine of longitudinally transverse excitation." E3S Web of Conferences 402 (2023): 10041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340210041.

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The article presents the results of studies of synchronous machines of longitudinally transverse excitation operating in the drives of rolling mills with a sharply alternating shock load, provides an algorithm for compiling a mathematical model using a system of differential equations of the Gorev Park, taking into account the parameters of longitudinally transverse excitation windings, provides a comparative analysis of the calculation results with the results of experiments on a physical model.

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23

WANG, MUH-RONG, CHIAU-YI DAI, and YANG-SHENG HUANG. "A NEW APPROACH FOR COMPLETE MIXING BY TRANSVERSE AND STREAMWISE FLOW MOTIONS IN MICRO-CHANNELS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 19 (January 2012): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019451200877x.

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Mixing control is an important issue in micro-fluid chip applications, such as μTAS (Micro-Total Analysis System) or LOC (Lab-on-Chip) because the flow at micro-scale is highly laminar. Several flow control schemes had been developed for complete mixing in the micro-channels in the past decades. However, most of the mixing control schemes are performed by utilizing specific excitation devices, such as electrokinetic, magnetic or pressure drivers. This paper investigates a new control scheme which is composed of a series of flow manipulation by changing the pressure at the two inlets of the micromixer as the external excitation. The fluids from two inlets are introduced to a square mixing chamber, which provides a space where the streamwise and transverse flow motions take place. The results show that the micromixer can be used to produce a large recirculation zone with series of small transverse fringes under external excitations. It is found that this new flow pattern enhances mixing processes at the micro-scale. A complete mixing can be achieved under appropriate flow control with the corresponding design.

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24

Wang, Dongmei, Wei Zhang, Minghui Yao, and Yinli Liu. "Nonlinear Dynamic Responses of a Honeycomb Sandwich Plate Subject to Transverse Excitations." MATEC Web of Conferences 151 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815101003.

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Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of a simply supported honeycomb sandwich plate subjected to the transverse excitations are investigated in this paper. Based on the classical thin plate theory and Von Karman large deformation theory, the governing equation of motion for the honeycomb sandwich plate is established by using the Hamilton principle. The nonlinear governing partial differential equation is discretized to the ordinary differential equations by differential quadrature method and then solved by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method. Based on the numerical simulations, combined with nonlinear dynamic theory, the influences of the frequency and amplitude of the transverse excitation are investigated respectively by using the bifurcation diagrams, Poincare maps and phase portraits. The results exhibit the existence of the period-1, period-2 and chaotic responses with the variation of the excitations, which demonstrate that those motions appear alternately.

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25

Saushin, Aleksandr S., Gennady M. Mikheev, Viatcheslav V. Vanyukov, and Yuri P. Svirko. "The Surface Photogalvanic and Photon Drag Effects in Ag/Pd Metal-Semiconductor Nanocomposite." Nanomaterials 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 2827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11112827.

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We performed the investigation of the polarization-sensitive photocurrent generated in silver-palladium metal-semiconductor nanocomposite films under irradiation with nanosecond laser pulses at the wavelength of 2600 nm. It is shown that in both the transverse and the longitudinal configuration, the surface photogalvanic (SPGE) and photon drag effects (PDE) contribute to the observed photocurrent. However, the temporal profile of the transverse photocurrent pulse is monopolar at any polarization and angle of incidence, while the temporal profile of the longitudinal photocurrent pulse depends on the polarization of the excitation beam. Specifically, the irradiation of the film with the s-polarized excitation beam produces a monopolar photoresponse, while at p-polarized excitation, the photoresponse is bipolar, having a short front and long tail. Obtained experimental results are in agreement with the developed phenomenological theory, which describes transverse and longitudinal photocurrents due to SPGE and PDE in terms of relevant second-order nonlinear susceptibilities and allows us to obtain their dependences on the angle of incidence and polarization of the excitation laser beam. The pronounced dependence of the photocurrent on the angle of incidence and polarization of the excitation beam opens avenues toward the development of polarization- and position-sensitive detectors for industrial and space applications.

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26

Hsu, C. M., and R. F. Huang. "Comparisons of Flow and Mixing Characteristics between Unforced and Excited Elevated Transverse Jets." Journal of Mechanics 30, no. 1 (November 14, 2013): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2013.74.

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ABSTRACTThe influences of acoustic excitation on the velocity field and mixing characteristic of a jet in cross-flow were investigated in a wind tunnel. The acoustic excitation waves at resonance Strouhal number were generated by a loudspeaker. The time-averaged velocity field and streamlines of the excited elevated transverse jet in the symmetry plane were measured by a high-speed particle image velocimetry. The visual penetration height and spread width were obtained by using an image processing technique. The dispersion characteristics were obtained from the tracer-gas concentration measurement. The results showed that the streamline pattern of the non-excited transverse jet was significantly modified by the acoustic excitation—the bent streamlines evolved from the jet exit escalated and the vortex rings in the jet and tube wakes and the recirculation bubble in the jet wake disappeared. The time-averaged velocity distributions revealed that the excited transverse jet produces large momentum in the up-shooting direction so that the velocity trajectories were located at levels higher than those of the non-excited one. The mixing characteristics, which include the visual penetration height, spread width, and dispersion, were drastically improved by the acoustic excitation due to the changes in the flow structures. The excited transverse jet characterized at larger jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios presented larger improvement in the mixing characteristics than at lower jet-to-crossflow momentum flux ratios.

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27

Dolber, P. C., and M. S. Spach. "Structure of canine Bachmann's bundle related to propagation of excitation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 257, no. 5 (November 1, 1989): H1446—H1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.257.5.h1446.

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Impulse propagation and histology were studied in adult and neonatal canine Bachmann's bundle. Both showed nonuniform electrical anisotropy: effective longitudinal conduction velocity (theta L) markedly exceeded effective transverse conduction velocity (theta T), and extracellular potential waveforms with transverse propagation were polyphasic. An age difference in theta L (0.80 m/s neonate, 1.31 m/s adult) was found; it could be largely accounted for by a difference in myocyte diameter (4.7 microns neonate, 17.1 microns adult). Close apposition of myocytes in the neonate and development of transverse tubules in the adult may have influenced theta L at each stage. Perimysial septa separated fascicles in both neonatal and adult bundles; however, endomysial septa between individual myocytes were completely developed only in adult bundles. Thus perimysial septa were much more responsible for nonuniform anisotropy and low theta T than endomysial septa. Fascicle diameter and length were greater in the adult, which may have affected transverse propagation. Specialized conduction system cells could not be identified.

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28

Jiang, Yanghui, Jingyu Li, Guangming Jiao, Wensheng Li, Yan Liu, Chuan Wang, Binhong Xia, et al. "ZnO piezoelectric coatings used for the ultrasonic excitation of longitudinal-transverse waves and their application for smart bolts." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 40, no. 4 (July 2022): 043002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001845.

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The accurate measurement of the prestress for bolt has been intensively investigated in recent years. Many research studies have been conducted to improve the accuracy of prestress measurement using ultrasound techniques; in particular, the real-time prestress of bolt can be obtained without the requirements to calibrate the original load when ultrasonic longitudinal and transverse waves are applied simultaneously. However, there are few studies that have focused on ultrasonic transducers that can generate longitudinal and transverse waves simultaneously. Furthermore, research on coatings deposited directly on the top of the bolts for the excitation of longitudinal and transverse waves has not been reported. ZnO coating is widely used for the ultrasonic transducer due to its excellent piezoelectric property and stable structure in high temperatures. Therefore, it is an outstanding candidate for the excitation of both longitudinal and transverse waves and has a good application prospect in the field of bolt prestress measurement by ultrasonic sound wave with high accuracy. In this paper, ZnO piezoelectric coatings were deposited on (100)-oriented Si substrates by radio frequency sputtering techniques. The morphology, structure, and echo signal characteristics of the coatings were characterized by SEM, AFM, XRD, and ultrasonic measurement instruments. The experimental results showed that Ar/O2 ratio and deposition position exhibited significant effects on the excitation waveform of the ZnO piezoelectric coating. When the Ar/O2 ratio reduced to 1:3, the coating could excite both transverse and longitudinal waves. However, when the deposition position gradually moved away from the sputtering center, the transverse wave gradually enhanced. The coating could excite a pure transverse wave when the sample was at the edge of the effective sputtering area, which showed that the type of the excitation wave and the relative intensity of each wave could be well controlled by the Ar/O2 ratio and deposition position. These research results have a good application prospect in bolt stress measurement.

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29

DING, HU, and JEAN W. ZU. "PERIODIC AND CHAOTIC RESPONSES OF AN AXIALLY ACCELERATING VISCOELASTIC BEAM UNDER TWO-FREQUENCY EXCITATIONS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 05, no. 02 (June 2013): 1350019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825113500191.

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This study focuses on the steady-state periodic response and the chaotic behavior in the transverse motion of an axially moving viscoelastic tensioned beam with two-frequency excitations. The two-frequency excitations come from the external harmonic excitation and the parametric excitation from harmonic fluctuations of the moving speed. A dynamic model is established to include the finite axial support rigidity, the material derivative in the viscoelastic constitution relation, and the longitudinally varying tension due to the axial acceleration. The derived nonlinear integro-partial-differential equation of motion possesses space-dependent coefficients. Applying the differential quadrature method (DQM) and the integral quadrature method (IQM) to the equation of the transverse motion, a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is obtained. Based on the Runge–Kutta time discretization, the time history of the axially moving beam is numerically solved for the case of the primary resonance, the super–harmonic resonance, and the principal parametric resonance. For the first time, the nonlinear dynamics is studied under various relations between the forcing frequency and the parametric frequency, such as equal, multiple, and incommensurable relationships. The stable periodic response and its sensitivity to initial conditions are determined using the bidirectional frequency sweep. Furthermore, chaotic motions are identified using different methods including the Poincaré map, the maximum Lyapunov exponent, the fast Fourier transforms, and the initial value sensitivity. Numerical simulations reveal the characteristics of the periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic motion of a nonlinear axially moving beam under two-frequency excitations.

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30

Hamilton, Susan L., Irina Serysheva, and Gale M. Strasburg. "Calmodulin and Excitation-Contraction Coupling." Physiology 15, no. 6 (December 2000): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.2000.15.6.281.

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Excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac and skeletal muscle involves the transverse-tubule voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release channel. Both of these ion channels bind and are modulated by calmodulin in both its Ca2+-bound and Ca2+-free forms. Calmodulin is, therefore, potentially an important regulator of excitation-contraction coupling. Its precise role, however, has not yet been defined.

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31

ALIJANI, F., and M. AMABILI. "CHAOTIC VIBRATIONS IN FUNCTIONALLY GRADED DOUBLY CURVED SHELLS WITH INTERNAL RESONANCE." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 12, no. 06 (December 2012): 1250047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455412500472.

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Chaotic vibrations of functionally graded doubly curved shells subjected to concentrated harmonic load are investigated. It is assumed that the shell is simply supported and the edges can move freely in in-plane directions. Donnell's nonlinear shallow shell theory is used and the governing partial differential equations are obtained in terms of shell's transverse displacement and Airy's stress function. By using Galerkin's procedure, the equations of motion are reduced to a set of infinite nonlinear ordinary differential equations with cubic and quadratic nonlinearities. A bifurcation analysis is carried out and the discretized equations are integrated at (i) fixed excitation frequencies and variable excitation amplitudes and (ii) fixed excitation amplitudes and variable excitation frequencies. In particular, Gear's backward differentiation formula (BDF) is used to obtain bifurcation diagrams, Poincaré maps and time histories. Furthermore, maximum Lyapunov exponent and Lyapunov spectrum are obtained to classify the rich dynamics. It is revealed that the shell may exhibit complex behavior including sub-harmonic, quasi-periodic and chaotic response when subjected to large harmonic excitations.

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32

HAO, Y. X., W. ZHANG, and J. YANG. "PERIODIC AND CHAOTIC MOTIONS OF FGM THIN PLATE WITH TWO SIMPLY SUPPORTED OPPOSITE AND TWO FREE EDGES." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 21, no. 06 (June 2011): 1737–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127411029409.

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An analysis on the nonlinear forced vibration of thermally loaded FGM plate with two simply supported opposite and two free edges subjected to the in-plane and transversal excitations is presented. The material properties of the FGM plates are assumed to be temperature dependent and change continuously throughout the thickness of the plate, according to the volume fraction of the constituent materials based on the power law function. The temperature is assumed to be constant in the plane and varied only in the thickness direction of the plate. The plate is modeled by using the Von Karman hypothesis and the equations of motion are obtained by using an energy approach. It is our aim to choose a suitable mode function to satisfy the first two modes of transverse nonlinear oscillations and the boundary conditions for the FGM rectangular plates with two simply supported opposite and two free edges. The equations of motion can be reduced into a two-degree-of-freedom nonlinear system of transverse motion under combined thermal and external excitations by using the Galerkin's method. By the numerical method, the nonlinear dynamical equations are analyzed to find the nonlinear responses of the FGM plate with two simply supported opposite and two free edges. Under certain conditions the periodic motions and the chaotic motions of the FGM plate are found. The bifurcation diagram demonstrates that for a certain geometric and material properties the chaotic responses of the plate exist as the transverse excitation changes. Moreover, numerical simulations also illustrate that the deflections of the nonlinear dynamic of the FGM rectangular plate are larger than that of the periodic motions.

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33

Varshnety, Prateek, Vivek Sajal, Prashant Chauhan, Ravindra Kumar, and Navneet K. Sharma. "Effects of transverse static electric field on terahertz radiation generation by beating of two transversely modulated Gaussian laser beams in a plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 32, no. 3 (June 10, 2014): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461400024x.

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AbstractResonant excitation of terahertz (THz) radiation by nonlinear coupling of two filamented spatial-Gaussian laser beams of different frequencies and wave numbers is studied in plasma having transverse static electric field. The static ponderomotive force due to filamented lasers is balanced by the pressure gradient force which gives rise to transverse density ripple, while, the nonlinear ponderomotive force at frequency difference of beating lasers couples with density ripple giving rise to stronger transverse nonlinear current which results into the excitation of THz radiation at resonance. The coupling is further enhanced by the presence of static electric field and spatial-Gaussian nature of laser beams. An increase of six-fold in the normalized amplitude of THz is observed by applying a direct current field of about 50 KV. Effects of frequency, laser beam width, and periodicity factor of modulated laser amplitude are studied for the efficient THz radiation generation. These results can be utilized for generating controlled tunable THz sources for medical applications using low filament intensities (~ 1014 W/cm2) of beating lasers.

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34

Reich, N., J. Mentel, G. Jakob, and J. Mizeraczyk. "cw He‐Kr+laser with transverse radio frequency excitation." Applied Physics Letters 64, no. 4 (January 24, 1994): 397–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111159.

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35

Liu Fei, 刘菲, and 张楷亮 Zhang Kailiang. "Fano Resonances in Metallic Nanorod Oligomer with Transverse Excitation." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 56, no. 1 (2019): 012501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop56.012501.

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36

Uralov, A. M. "The resonant excitation of transverse oscillations in coronal loops." Astronomy Letters 29, no. 7 (July 2003): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1589866.

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37

Matsumoto, Masashige, Haruhiko Kuroe, Tomoyuki Sekine, and Takatsugu Masuda. "Transverse and Longitudinal Excitation Modes in Interacting Multispin Systems." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 79, no. 8 (August 15, 2010): 084703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.79.084703.

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38

Dai, Fuguang, Xinxin Cheng, Shaosong Li, Zhixin Yu, and Jie Li. "Stability optimal control for liquid tank under transverse excitation." International Journal of Vehicle Safety 11, no. 3 (2020): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.10031697.

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39

Yu, Zhixin, Jie Li, Fuguang Dai, Shaosong Li, and Xinxin Cheng. "Stability optimal control for liquid tank under transverse excitation." International Journal of Vehicle Safety 11, no. 3 (2020): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.109221.

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40

Hosokawa, S., W.-C. Pilgrim, H. Sinn, and E. E. Alp. "The possibility of transverse excitation modes in liquid Ga." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 20, no. 11 (February 20, 2008): 114107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/20/11/114107.

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41

Sim, Hyung Sub, Andres Vargas, Dongchan Daniel Ahn, and Ann R. Karagozian. "Laminar Microjet Diffusion Flame Response to Transverse Acoustic Excitation." Combustion Science and Technology 192, no. 7 (February 14, 2020): 1292–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2020.1726897.

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42

Sabotinov, N., and P. Telbizov. "He-Zn laser with a transverse high-frequency excitation." Optics Communications 59, no. 4 (September 1986): 290–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(86)90254-3.

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43

Papaspyrou, S., S. A. Karamanos, and D. Valougeorgis. "Response of half–full horizontal cylinders under transverse excitation." Journal of Fluids and Structures 19, no. 7 (August 2004): 985–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2004.04.014.

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44

Li, Li-Li, Fu-Hu Liu, and Khusniddin K. Olimov. "Excitation Functions of Tsallis-Like Parameters in High-Energy Nucleus–Nucleus Collisions." Entropy 23, no. 4 (April 18, 2021): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23040478.

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The transverse momentum spectra of charged pions, kaons, and protons produced at mid-rapidity in central nucleus–nucleus (AA) collisions at high energies are analyzed by considering particles to be created from two participant partons, which are assumed to be contributors from the collision system. Each participant (contributor) parton is assumed to contribute to the transverse momentum by a Tsallis-like function. The contributions of the two participant partons are regarded as the two components of transverse momentum of the identified particle. The experimental data measured in high-energy AA collisions by international collaborations are studied. The excitation functions of kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity are extracted. The two parameters increase quickly from ≈3 to ≈10 GeV (exactly from 2.7 to 7.7 GeV) and then slowly at above 10 GeV with the increase of collision energy. In particular, there is a plateau from near 10 GeV to 200 GeV in the excitation function of kinetic freeze-out temperature.

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45

Bachschmid, Nicolò, and Ezio Tanzi. "Vibration Pattern Related to Transverse Cracks in Rotors." Shock and Vibration 9, no. 4-5 (2002): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/150329.

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A method for calculating the breathing behavior of transverse cracks of different types in rotating shafts is described. Thermal effects are included. Some results in terms of vibration excitation related to different shapes of cracks are presented.

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46

Dai, Jianbo, Chengtao Hu, Li Wang, and Guidi Zhang. "Shaking Table Test on the Seismic Response of Buried Oil and Gas Pipelines under the Bidirectional Nonuniform Seismic Excitation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (July 8, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5437728.

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This paper studies the seismic response of buried oil and gas pipelines under the bidirectional nonuniform excitation. Based on the bidirectional shaking table array test, the loading and testing scheme is designed and developed, analyzing the strain response of the buried oil and gas pipeline under the bidirectional uniform and nonuniform seismic excitation, as well as the acceleration response and displacement response characteristics of the pipeline and the surrounding soil body and their change rule by the test. The test proves to show that the developed bidirectional laminar shear continuum model soil box can meet the requirements of the bidirectional nonuniform seismic excitation and continuous laminar shear deformation of the soil. The peak strains of the pipeline in axial and bending caused by nonuniform excitation are larger than those of the pipeline under uniform excitation, the degree of unevenness in the distribution along the axial direction is greater, and the strain curves are large in the middle and small at both ends along the axial direction of the pipe. The acceleration responses of the pipeline and the soil body under the bidirectional nonuniform excitation are larger than those under the uniform excitation. The acceleration response of both the pipe and the soil under the nonuniform excitation is larger than that under the uniform excitation, and the differences are shown in the transverse and axial directions, the peak acceleration response of the soil body under the nonuniform excitation is about three times that of the transverse direction, and more peak points appear in the axial and transverse acceleration responses of the pipe under the nonuniform excitation as the loading level increases, the peak displacement response of the soil body increases gradually with the height, but the fluctuation range of the peak displacement of the soil body nearby the pipe is larger. The soil displacement curve starts to smooth out when the loading level reaches 1.0 g, and the axial displacement decreases, which indicates that the interaction between the pipe and soil is more intense and the relative motion between the pipe and soil is more obvious under the nonuniform excitation, and the soil is more likely to be damaged and enter the nonlinear stage. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and design the seismic performance of buried pipes considering the nonuniform seismic excitation.

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47

Yao, Jiannan, and Xingming Xiao. "Effect of Hoisting Load on Transverse Vibrations of Hoisting Catenaries in Floor Type Multirope Friction Mine Hoists." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8598749.

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The effect of hoisting load on transverse vibrations of hoisting catenaries during lifting in coal mines was investigated in this study. Firstly, dynamic analyses of the vertical hoisting rope were performed. The results show that transverse vibration plays the dominating role in the coupled dynamics of the vertical rope subjected to external excitation induced by axial fluctuations of head sheave, and the rope tension can be approximated by the quasistatic tension. Secondly, employing dynamic simulations, the effect of hoisting load on the transverse vibrations of hoisting catenaries was discussed. The results show that, under the second-order excitation frequency, a discrepant large transverse amplitude will be excited when the hoisting load ranges from 0 to 5000 kg, leading to collision between the two adjacent catenaries and accelerating the rupture of rope. To solve this problem, according to simulation curves, the self-weight of conveyance (preload) can be optimized from 39500 kg to 49500 kg. Eventually, on-site measurements were performed on the studied machine, validating the accuracy of the effect of hoisting load on transverse vibrations of hoisting catenaries. This investigation will greatly support facility maintenance, machine design, and even engineering optimization for floor type multirope friction mine hoists.

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48

Chen, J., and Q. S. Li. "Analysis of Flutter and Nonlinear Dynamics of a Composite Laminated Plate." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, no. 06 (June 2016): 1550019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455415500194.

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This paper presents the analysis of flutter and nonlinear dynamics of an orthotropic composite laminated rectangular plate subjected to aerodynamic pressures and transverse excitation. The first-order linear piston theory is employed to model the air pressures. Based on Reddy’s third-order shear deformation plate theory and von Karman-type equation for the geometric nonlinearity, the nonlinear governing equations of motion are derived for the composite laminated rectangular plate by applying the Hamilton’s principle. The Galerkin method is utilized to discretize the partial differential governing equations to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The critical Mach number for occurrence of the flutter of the composite laminated plate is investigated by solving the eigenvalues problem. The relationship between the limit cycle oscillation and the critical Mach number is analyzed based on the nonlinear equations. The numerical simulation is conducted to study the influences of the transverse excitation on the nonlinear dynamics of the composited laminated plate. The numerical results, which include bifurcation diagram, phase plots and waveforms, demonstrate that there exist the bifurcation and chaotic motions of the composited laminated plate subjected to the aerodynamic pressures and the transverse excitation.

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49

Luna, Aime, Melika Salehabadi, Dieter Klatt, and Thomas Royston. "Elastography using torsional wave motion in transverse isotropic material." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018974.

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An experimental configuration for driving and measuring torsional wave motion is designed, fabricated and experimentally tested using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) in both a ultra-high field preclinical MRI system and in a cryogen-free low-field tabletop MRI system. Cylindrically-shaped isotropic and transversely isotropic phantoms, as well as the excised cat soleus muscle are statically stretched along their main axis to specific prestrain levels while simultaneously conducting MRE measurements with torsional waves. In the case of the excised cat soleus, diffusion tensor imaging is also performed to enable a co-registered mapping of fiber structure. The potential advantage of torsional wave excitation to drive shear wave motion over a large volume with uniform amplitude, and hence SNR, is tested by comparison to excitation of shear waves using other methods.

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50

Yu, Huiwen, Hongjia Zhu, Jinyang Li, Zhaolong Cao, and Huanjun Chen. "Broadband Active Control of Transverse Scattering from All-Dielectric Nanoparticle." Crystals 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080920.

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Steering electromagnetic scattering by subwavelength objects is usually accompanied by the excitation of electric and magnetic modes. The Kerker effect, which relies on the precise overlapping between electric and magnetic multipoles, is a potential approach to address this challenge. However, fundamental limitations on the reconfigurability and tunability challenge their future implementation in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a design approach by applying coherent control to a silicon nanodisk. By utilizing an experimentally feasible two-wave excitation, this coherent light-by-light control enables a highly reconfigurable, broadband, and tunable transverse scattering, extending the feasibility of unidirectional scattering in various practical scenarios, including on-chip integrations and optical communications.

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