Статті в журналах: "Ex-ante and ex-post policy evaluation"

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Mergaert, Lut, and Rachel Minto. "Ex Ante and Ex Post Evaluations: Two Sides of the Same Coin?" European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no. 1 (March 2015): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x0000427x.

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This article engages with two themes of contemporary EU governance: the role of evaluations within an effective and coherent policy–making process and the EU's constitutionalised commitment to promoting gender equality in all its activities (Article 8 TFEU). It focuses on the interface between ex ante and ex post evaluation and the contribution of evaluations to policy learning, with particular attention to the promotion of gender equality. A case study approach is followed, with EU research policy as the object of analysis.

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Smismans, Stijn. "Policy Evaluation in the EU: The Challenges of Linking Ex Ante and Ex Post Appraisal." European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no. 1 (March 2015): 6–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00004244.

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The EU's new approach to policy evaluation is characterised by a focus on closing the policy cycle (linking ex ante and ex post appraisal) and by applying evaluation to all types of policy intervention, whether expenditure or regulatory policy. This article analyses the main features and challenges of this new approach. It first studies the conceptual and interdisciplinary challenge of such an encompassing approach to evaluation. It then assesses the new approach in the light of four key objectives of ex ante and ex post appraisal; ensuring evidence and learning; accountability, transparency and participation; policy coherence; and reducing the regulatory burden.

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Müller, Matthias, Muhamed Kudic, and Andreas Pyka. "Ex-ante Evaluation von Investitionsalternativen." TATuP - Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis 26, no. 3 (December 18, 2017): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/tatup.26.3.51.

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Der Beitrag zeigt, wie mit Hilfe der Methode der agentenbasierten Modellierung und Simulation (ABMS) ein Beitrag zur ex-ante Policy-Beratung geleistet werden kann. Anhand eines exemplarischen Anwendungsfalls, der VISIBLE Simulationsumgebung („Virtual Simulation Lab for the Analysis of Investments in Learning and Education“), diskutieren wir die Konsequenzen unterschiedlicher Kooperationsförderinstrumente für Wissensdiffusionsprozesse in Netzwerken am Beispiel der Region Heilbronn-Franken. Die Simulationsergebnisse zeigen, dass die strukturelle Konfiguration eines regionalen Innovationssystems eine zentrale Bedeutung für die Gestaltung von Kooperationsfördermaßnahmen hat und dass Interventionen, die darauf abzielen, Wissenstransfer zwischen den Akteuren anzuregen, genau die entgegengesetzten Wirkungen entfalten können.

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Paul, Regine. "Analyse and rule? A conceptual framework for explaining the variable appeals of ex-ante evaluation in policymaking." der moderne staat – Zeitschrift für Public Policy, Recht und Management 13, no. 1-2020 (June 25, 2020): 124–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/dms.v13i1.11.

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This article integrates disparate explanations for increasing (but variable) turns to ex-ante policy evaluation, such as risk analysis, across public administrations. So far unconnected silos of literature – on policy tools, policy instrumentation, the politics of evaluation and the political sociology of quantification – inconsistently portray ex-ante evaluation as rational problem-solving, symbolic actions of institutional self-defence, or (less often) political power-seeking. I synthesise these explanations in an interpretivist and institutionalist reading of ex-ante evaluation as contextually filtered process of selective meaning-making. From this methodological umbrella emerges my unified typology of ex-ante evaluation as instrumental problemsolving (I), legitimacy-seeking (L) and powerseeking (P). I argue that a) these ideal-types coexist in policymakers’ reasoning about the expected merits of ex-ante evaluation, whilst b) diverse institutional contexts will favour variable weightings of I, L and P in policymaking. By means of systematisation the typology seeks to inspire an interdisciplinary research agenda on varieties of ex-ante evaluation.

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Carini, Cristian, Laura Rocca, Monica Veneziani, and Claudio Teodori. "The first impact of EU regulation on non-financial disclosure: An exploratory analysis in the oil & gas sector." Corporate Ownership and Control 17, no. 1 (September 27, 2019): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv17i1art3.

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Directive 2014/95, in force since 2017, is the first European step that requires companies to provide mandatory non-financial information (NFI). The regulation concerns sustainability information with the policy goal of increased accountability and comparability among European “public interest entities” on that matters. According to the framework of Regulatory Integrated Assessment (RIA), the study compares the disclosure before and after the Directive application considering the content (what) and the location of the information in companies’ reports (where). Content analysis is applied to both financial and non-financial reports to create a disclosure scoring index and an overlapping one. Thus to compare the ex-ante analysis to the ex-post by a quantitative scoring system. The research contributes to the debate on the regulatory policy evaluation examining whether the ex-post assessment reveals a change in companies’ reporting behaviour about non-financial information, i.e. if the regulation achieves its policy objectives of improving sustainability disclosure. Findings show differences between the ex-ante and the ex-post phase: after the enforcement of the Directive there is an increase in the degree of disclosure (what) and a reduction in the level of overlap (where), with more companies choosing “embedded” reports. These results are a preliminary step in the regulatory policy evaluation and they answer to the request of more studies on the ex-post implementation review of regulation.

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6

Luchetta, Giacomo. "Impact Assessment and the Policy Cycle in the EU." European Journal of Risk Regulation 3, no. 4 (December 2012): 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00002476.

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With the Communication on Smart Regulation issued in October 2010, the European Commissiontried to foster a better management of the whole policy cycle. According to thatCommunication, amending policy proposals must be preceded by an ex-post assessmentof the current situation, allowing “closing the policy cycle”. This paper tries to answer thequestion whether the EU Impact Assessments System is fit to steer and close the policy cycle,and what is the relation between ex-ante IA and ex-post evaluation “on the ground” so far. This is done via a macro and micro analysis, based on scorecard approach and three casestudies, comparing the EU IA system performance with a theoretical benchmark derived from the EU policy document and process. The paper concludes that the EU Impact Assessmentsystem, as it is currently designed and implemented, is not yet fi t to steer and closethe policy cycle. To achieve this goal, all the analytical and empirical layers of the policycycle should be fully dealt with since the ex-ante phase.

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Nicolaisen, Morten Skou, and Patrick A. Driscoll. "An International Review of Ex-Post Project Evaluation Schemes in the Transport Sector." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 18, no. 01 (March 2016): 1650008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333216500083.

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There are a number of ex-post (or post-opening) project evaluation schemes used by national transportation authorities in, among others, England, Scotland, France, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Norway and the US. Additionally, many of the multilateral and bilateral lending institutions, such as the World Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Inter-American Development Bank and the Asian Development Bank conduct ex-post project reviews of transport projects in the rail and road sectors. This paper presents a literature review of the various ex-post evaluation schemes in order to establish a state-of-the-art in ex-post road and rail project evaluation, develops an analytic typology of ex-post evaluation schemes and finally presents an in-depth case study of two ex-post evaluation schemes in Norway and England in order to provide a more detailed analysis of the process, structure and policy learning potential within ex-post project evaluation. In comparison to the extensive focus on ex-ante project appraisal, ex-post evaluations have received significantly less attention from academics and practitioners alike. The main findings are as follows: (1) Despite the widespread use globally of ex-post evaluation schemes in the transport sector, there remain significant differences in quality, coverage and comprehensiveness of the schemes. There is a striking lack of standardised methods of conducting ex-post evaluations at the national level, inhibiting the comparability and learning potential; (2) Even with legal mandates and decades of practice, data archiving and retrieval is a widespread problem for national transport planning agencies and (3) How to handle the counter-factual option (i.e. do-nothing/do-minimum/null option) is still very much an open question, which has significant impacts upon the forecasted and outturn benefit/cost ratios and environmental/social impacts.

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Sendjaja, Denny Wahyu, Gregorius Yorrie Rismanto, and Nico Andrianto. "ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK DALAM PEMERIKSAAN KINERJA." Jurnal Tata Kelola & Akuntabilitas Keuangan Negara 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28986/jtaken.v1i1.20.

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One of issues in performance audit is what method to be used if auditor wants to gain understanding of policies underlying entity’s activities. This study aims to provide an understanding regarding policy cycle and its development; to describe the relationship between governance system, understanding of public policy and performance audit; and to develop framework and scope of public policy analysis in the performance audit. The study prepared by Tim Litbang BPK using literature study, enriched by discussions with speakers from Vrije Universiteit, as well as field trips to ARK and other government entities inNetherlands. Furthermore, the team developed initial information and analysed i t using ISSAI 3000 perspective. Based on policydevelopment cycle, team has developed a framework for public policy analysis on performance audit. The study concluded that ideal entity’s performance evaluation would be to assess the policy before and after the policy implementation (ex-ante and ex-post). Ideally, performance audit over policy is held by entity other than the policy’s subject itself. BPK meets the criteria.KEYWORDSpolicy, performance audit, ex-ante, ex-postABSTRAKSalah satu isu dalam pemeriksaan kinerja yang memiliki urgensi tinggi yaitu metode apakah yang dapat digunakan pemeriksa untuk mendapatkan pemahaman atas kebijakan yang melatarbelakangi kegiatan utama entitas. Analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman khususnya mengenai siklus kebijakan dan pengembangannya; menjelaskan hubungan sistem tata kelola pemerintahan, pemahaman kebijakan publik dan pemeriksaan kinerja; serta mengembangkan kerangka kerja dan menjelaskan cakupan analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja. Kajian ini disusun oleh Tim Litbang BPK dengan menggunakan studi literatur mengenai teori-teori kebijakan publik, diskusi dengan nara sumber dari Vrije Universiteit, serta kunjungan lapangan ke Algemene Rekenkamer (ARK) dan beberapa entitas pemerintah lainnya di Belanda. Selanjutnya, Tim mengembangkan informasi awal tersebut serta menganalisisnya dengan mempertimbangkan perspektif ISSAI 3000 Performance Audit Guidelines. Dengan menggunakan siklus pengembangan kebijakan, Tim telah menyusun kerangka kerja analisis kebijakan publik dalam pemeriksaan kinerja. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan bahwa penilaian kinerja entitas yang ideal adalah dengan mengukur suatu kebijakan pada tahap sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan kebijakan (ex-ante dan ex-post). Pemeriksaan atas kinerja suatu kebijakan pada tahap ex-ante dan ex-post (kecuali produk kebijakan itu sendiri) secara ideal dilakukan oleh entitas pengendali yang bukan merupakan subjek kebijakan itu sendiri. BPK sebagai badan pemeriksa eksternal pemerintah memenuhi syarat tersebut.KATA KUNCIkebijakan, pemeriksaan kinerja, ex-ante, ex-post

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9

Peichl, Andreas. "Simulationsmodelle zur ex ante Evaluation von Steuerreformen." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 58, no. 1 (April 1, 2009): 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2009-0109.

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AbstractMicrosimulation models (MSM) and Computable General Equilibrium models (CGE) have both been widely used in policy analysis. The combination of these two model types allows the utilization of the advantages of both types. The aim of this paper is to describe the state-of-the-art in simulation modeling and to demonstrate the benefits of linking both model types modeling using a flat tax reform proposal for Germany

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10

Westhoek, H., R. van den Berg, W. de Hoop, and A. van der Kamp. "Economic and environmental effects of the manure policy in The Netherlands: synthesis of integrated ex-post and ex-ante evaluation." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 3 (February 1, 2004): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0174.

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This paper summarises the results of both an ex-post evaluation of the Dutch Mineral Accounting System (MINAS) and an ex-ante evaluation of the effect of different levy-free surplus values. The MINAS system has been introduced in 1998 in order to reduce nitrate and phosphate leaching from agricultural soils. MINAS resulted in a reduction of the N surplus on dairy farms of approximately 50 kg ha-1 to limited or no costs to the farms involved. MINAS resulted in higher costs for manure removal for intensive livestock farmers. Though emissions of N and P have decreased significantly during the last five years effects of this reduction in environmental quality cannot be observed, except for a small decrease in nitrate concentration of the upper groundwater. The ex-ante evaluation of different variants for possible future levy-free surplus levels indicated that under the lowest variant, the nitrate concentration in groundwater will exceed 50 mg per litre on 14% of the area. The environmental effect of the different variants for P were not distinguished. The lowering of the levy-free surplus for P will have a drastic effect on the intensive livestock farms. The incorporation of fertiliser P under the MINAS system would be a cheap option to reduce the P surplus.

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11

Wolpin, Kenneth I. "Ex Ante Policy Evaluation, Structural Estimation, and Model Selection." American Economic Review 97, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.97.2.48.

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Avdasheva, Svetlana, Gyuzel Yusupova, and Dina Korneeva. "COMPETITION LEGISLATION TOWARDS DIGITAL PLATFORMS: CHOICE BETWEEN ANTITRUST AND REGULATION." Public Administration Issues, no. 3 (2022): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1999-5431-2022-0-3-61-86.

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The article analyzes recent developments in competition policy regarding digital platforms and their ecosystems. The goal is to evaluate the newly adopted laws and their drafts in the light of experience in regulating essential facilities (natural monopolies in the network industries). We contrast the arguments and suggestions of recent academic and expert publications with evaluation of the effects of non-discriminatory access enforcement. Both ex-post antitrust enforcement and ex-ante regulation regarding digital platforms have their own limitations. Proponents of wider application of ex-ante regulatory rules underestimate and often neglect regulatory cost as well as negative externalities of regulatory interventions. Empirical evaluation of regulatory effects during three decades shows that both costs and negative externalities are likely and relatively high. At the same time, recent academic and expert discussion underestimate the opportunities to develop targeted norms that would provide clients of digital platforms with additional rights and opportunities, and restrict market power of platforms without specific ex-ante regulation.

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Dunlop, Claire A., and Claudio M. Radaelli. "Impact Assessment in the European Union: Lessons from a Research Project." European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no. 1 (March 2015): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00004256.

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In this article, we present some major lessons drawn from a recently completed research project. Our research dealt with ex ante evaluation, mainly impact assessment (IA).We shed new light on research questions about the control of bureaucracy, the role of IA in decisionmaking, economics and policy learning, and the narrative dimension of appraisal.We identify how our findings stand in relation to conventional arguments about these issues, and reflect on their normative implications. We finally reason on the possible extensions of our arguments to the wider field of policy evaluation, connecting IA and ex post evaluation.

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Balocco, Carla, and Daniele Verdesca. "Shannon entropy for energy technologies ex-ante evaluation." International Journal of Environmental Technology and Management 7, no. 1/2 (2007): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijetm.2007.013245.

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Mencinger, Jernej, Polonca Kovač, Tina Jukić, and Mirko Vintar. "Public Policy Design and Implementation in Slovenia." Central European Public Administration Review 15, no. 3-4 (January 4, 2018): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17573/ipar.2017.3-4.01.

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Public policy design and implementation is a complex process, and so decision makers try to monitor all of the policy lifecycle stages in a particular policy domain. However, the question of coherent integration of various policy activities arises, including agenda-setting, ex-ante evaluation, formulation, decision-making, implementation, ex-post evaluation of individual policies, sector-specific ones, and even horizontal ones. Therefore, it is important to investigate and understand the reasons why an individual country, such as Slovenia, does not exploit all potential aspects of carrying out policy activities in a systematic and coherent manner. This article explores and analyzes Slovenian practice in policy design based on an in-depth empirical study among key public policyholders and decision makers. Furthermore, the authors identify the key success factors that facilitate or inhibit the development and progress of public policies, programs, and projects (PPPP) in Slovenia. The key findings indicate a particular lack of a professional policy unit to monitor the process holistically and the absence of ex-post evaluation. A need for a systemic solution in public policy design is established, which would merge different authorities’ efforts, epistemic communities, and the public in developing a structural multilevel model for good public governance.

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Dabak, Saudamini Vishwanath, Yot Teerawattananon, and Thiri Win. "From Design to Evaluation: Applications of Health Technology Assessment in Myanmar and Lessons for Low or Lower Middle-Income Countries." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 35, no. 6 (2019): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462319000199.

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AbstractObjectivesHealth technology assessment (HTA) has been widely used to inform coverage decisions in high-income countries over the past few decades and has been getting increasing attention in middle-income countries as a tool for healthcare decision making in recent years. This study aims to use the case of the Maternal and Child Health Voucher Scheme (MCHVS) in Myanmar to understand how HTA can have a policy impact in a low or lower middle-income country.MethodsThe stages heuristic framework was used to describe the policy-making process. A document review was conducted and tacit knowledge of researchers involved was recorded.ResultsThe opportunity for a grant propelled maternal and child health to the policy agenda. An ex-ante HTA, which included a model-based health economic evaluation, informed the design of the scheme. The framework and key parameters from the ex-ante HTA were used for a mid-term review, which provided feedback to the policy implementation process. An ex-post HTA involved fielding a household survey to assess the impact of the scheme.ConclusionsHTA can be a useful method for informing resource allocation throughout the policy process in low and lower middle-income settings where no formal mechanism for making coverage decisions exists.

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Bozzini, Emanuela, and Jo Hunt. "Bringing Evaluation into the Policy Cycle." European Journal of Risk Regulation 6, no. 1 (March 2015): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00004281.

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This contribution seeks to overcome the isolation of evaluation studies fromthe broader field of public policy analysis. Using as a case study the hybrid regulatory tool of cross compliance under the Common Agricultural Policy, the article charts the ongoing incorporation of ex ante and ex post evaluation processes over a ten year period, during which three major legislative reforms were undertaken. Anchoring its approach in the public policy work of Kingdon, the article emphasises the significance of the plurality of actors involved in the evaluation processes, the importance of timing, as well as the challenge to models of policy processes based on assumptions of rational linearity. In particular, the article demonstrates how the dis–ordering which may be observed in the stages of the policy process may equally be seen in the stages of policy appraisal. A particular focus is placed on the way in which objectives and indicators are defined and re–defined over time. The case study demonstrates that through policy appraisal, policy makers may learn what is, and what is not capable of being measured, which feeds back into the re–setting of objectives.

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Halámek, Petr, Radka Matuszková, and Michal Radimský. "Modernisation of Regional Roads Evaluated Using Ex-Post CBA." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 1849. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041849.

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The aim of this evaluation is to verify the telling value of the Cost and Benefits Analysis (CBA) of regional roads modernisation based on an ex-post evaluation of the investments and their impacts on the incidence of traffic accidents. A set of 144 projects were the subject of evaluation. The analysis of the actual investment costs confirmed the assumption that the majority of projects were planned with a sufficient provision. When compared with the costs foreseen for the entire set of projects, the total reduction of actual costs spent was over 11%. The investigation of project impacts on traffic accidents was based on an analysis done prior to and after construction by using the Czech Police database. The measurement results show only minimum changes in the incidence of traffic accidents in the scenario prior to and after project completion. This however strongly contradicts the project goals declared, because the projects were anticipating almost zero accidents with a fatality and a 50% reduction of accidents with health consequences. However, a slight increase in road fatalities and in light and serious injuries was measured. These facts have a significant impact on the Net Present Value (NPV) and the weighted profitability index for the entire set of projects dropped from 16.7% to −2.8%. The key recommendation is to eliminate the impact on traffic accidents in the case of project evaluations processed ex-ante for projects focused only on a reconstruction or modernisation of existing roads.

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Kessler, Louise, Florian Morvillier, Quentin Perrier, and Keyvan Rucheton. "An ex-ante evaluation of the French car feebate." Energy Policy 173 (February 2023): 113335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113335.

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Bumbalová, Monika, Ivan Takáč, Martin Valach, and Jela Tvrdoňová. "Leader – Ex-Post Evaluation of the Delivery Mechanism / Leader – Ex-Post Hodnotenie Implementačného Mechanizmu." EU agrarian Law 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eual-2015-0002.

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Abstract LEADER approach represents one of the basic pillars of current rural development policy implemented at the European level. Logical foundation of the approach is based on 7 key features, which should be horizontally presented throughout the whole delivery mechanism. That is why the presented paper is oriented on answering the research question: to what extent was delivery mechanism of LEADER (at the level of managing authority and local action groups) during the programming period 2007-2013 supporting the implementation of 7 features of LEADER approach. In order to fulfi l the stated objective there must be individual steps of delivery mechanism defi ned at both levels, consequently all the features of LEADER approach were described and the criteria of success - benchmarks were determined. Mutual linking of these steps resulted in creation of an implementation matrix what represents a visual outcome of the study.

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Chavas, Jean-Paul, Richard C. Bishop, and Kathleen Segerson. "Ex ante consumer welfare evaluation in cost-benefit analysis." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 13, no. 3 (September 1986): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(86)90026-4.

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PASNICU, Daniela. "Methodological framework for ex-ante assessment of active policies on the labor market - experimental approach." Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People 6, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v6i1.522.

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Abstract. Ex-ante assessment is a mandatory step before the process of implementation of policies because it brings, through the analyses undertaken improvements for initial design, contributing, on a case by case basis, to increasing of efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, sustainability, equity and of its internal and external coherence. In recent years, at international level, but especially in the EU countries (EU), the ex-ante socio-economic programs and public interventions have become an extremely necessary instrument in decision-making, which is linked own economic and social development of the EU Member States.The article presents a methodological framework for ex-ante assessment of active measures for the employment growth in the context of rural areas, on the bases of efficiency, effectiveness and coherence criteria. Ex-ante social impact assessment of an active policy can have beneficial effects on employment under quantitative and qualitative aspects. The novelty of the article consist in the specific, experimental approach of the development and of ex-ante evaluation of active labor market policies, in the context of rural areas.

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Meyer-Krahmer, F., and T. Reiss. "Ex ante evaluation and technology assessment -- two emerging elements of technology policy evaluation." Research Evaluation 2, no. 1 (April 1, 1992): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rev/2.1.47.

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Λιαργκόβας, Παναγιώτης, та Αστέρης Χουλιαράς. "Η Ελληνική Εμπειρία των Διαρθρωτικών Ταμείων της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης: Οι αγνοημένες επιπτώσεις". Region & Periphery, № 5 (11 вересня 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/rp.18473.

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A large number of ex ante, ex itinere and ex post evaluation studies have assessed the direct impact of the EU Structural Funds on the Greek economy. Some of them, mainly EU-commissioned studies, have assessed the microeconomic impact of funds. Others, more academic, have focused on the impact of funds on economic and social indicators (GDP,employment, productivity) at regional or country level. A common characteristic of both approaches is that Structural Funds represent an economic policy tool and therefore their impact on Greece is mostly economic. In this article, we support the view that the assessment of EU structural funding should be based on a wider approach that takes into account the role of economic policies, the capacity of institutions and the quality of governance.

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Clouse, James A. "Balancing Before and After: Treasury Market Reform Proposals and the Connections Between Ex-Ante and Ex-Post Liquidity Tools." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2022, no. 004 (February 10, 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2022.004.

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This paper develops a simple framework that helps to draw out some of the potential connections between ex-ante liquidity risk management tools such as liquidity requirements or mandatory fees and ex-post liquidity tools such as a lender of last resort. A central message of this analysis is that policy actions that expand the lender of last resort function so as to better address periods of financial distress are likely to be most effective when accompanied by regulations or other mechanisms that encourage socially-responsible ex-ante liquidity risk management on the part of financial firms. Regulation in the form of a liquidity coverage requirement can be helpful in moving private sector outcomes toward a social optimum. A mandatory fee schedule also emerges as a potentially very useful tool. The structure of the optimal fee schedule depends on both the scale of volatile liabilities and the extent of “liquidity coverage” maintained to cover potential funding shortfalls. Both liquidity requirements and mandatory fees can help to address a form of time consistency problem in connection with the provision of ex-post liquidity support through a lender of last resort. The framework also provides some potentially useful benchmarks in evaluating the distribution of liquidity risks across different classes of financial firms.

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Pilavachi, P. A., Th Dalamaga, D. Rossetti di Valdalbero, and J. F. Guilmot. "Ex-post evaluation of European energy models." Energy Policy 36, no. 5 (May 2008): 1726–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.01.028.

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Ward, Frank A. "Decision support for water policy: a review of economic concepts and tools." Water Policy 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2006.053.

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This article reviews research on the application of economic concepts and tools to the analysis of the preservation, conservation, development, consumption, supply and allocation of water resources. It summarizes research on economic analysis to support policy formulation, implementation and evaluation, including both project appraisal and the design of institutions. Economic analysis can support ex post analysis of existing mechanisms that influence the allocation of water: Such mechanisms include laws, regulations, supply management, demand management, population and climate change. Economic analysis can also be used to conduct ex ante analysis to design future water allocation institutions. These institutions include various forms of marginal cost pricing, valuation of water in alternative uses, water quality management, optimization models, integrated supply and demand management, transboundary management, virtual water, decentralized management, common property institutions and watershed councils.

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Weijermars, Wendy, and Paul Wesemann. "Road safety forecasting and ex-ante evaluation of policy in the Netherlands." Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 52 (June 2013): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2013.06.001.

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Castañeda, Gonzalo, and Omar A. Guerrero. "The importance of social and government learning in ex ante policy evaluation." Journal of Policy Modeling 41, no. 2 (March 2019): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2019.01.001.

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Müller, Julian Marius, and Raphael Kunderer. "Ex-Ante Prediction of Disruptive Innovation: The Case of Battery Technologies." Sustainability 11, no. 19 (September 24, 2019): 5229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11195229.

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Battery technologies represent a highly relevant field that is undergoing conversions in the context of, for instance, battery electric vehicles or stationary power storage for renewable energies. Currently, lithium-ion batteries represent the predominant technology that has, however, a considerable environmental impact that could hinder the emergence of sustainable energy systems. Driven by these conversions, several authors claim that potentially disruptive technologies could occur. The concept of disruptive innovation has been highly regarded in research and practice, but has only been successfully regarded from an ex-post perspective. However, without the possibility to establish ex-ante predictions of disruptive innovation, several authors disregard the concept of having significant relevance for practice. In response to this research gap, the present paper attempts to establish an ex-ante prediction of potential disruptive innovation. The method is based on the disruption hazard model by Sood and Tellis, testing seven hypotheses regarding a potential disruption hazard of redox-flow batteries towards lithium-ion batteries. The paper finds that redox-flow batteries could represent a disruptive technology, but this evaluation is limited to an expert evaluation. The authors discuss this finding, as the technical characteristics of redox-flow batteries support its role as a potential disruptive innovation, concluding with implications, limitations as well as suggestions for future research.

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Carmona, Paulo Afonso Cavichioli, and Tatiana Reinehr de Oliveira. "A revitalização das quadras 511/512 da Avenida W3 Sul em Brasília: uma análise sob a ótica do ciclo de políticas públicas com enfoque na avaliação ex ante / Revitalization of W3 SUL Avenue 511/512 blocks in Brasilia: an analysis through the public policy circle view focusing the ex ante evaluation." Revista de Direito da Cidade 14, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 2273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/rdc.2022.56525.

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ResumoPropõe-se, por meio do presente estudo, a análise do projeto piloto de revitalização dos espaços públicos localizados nas Quadras 511/512 da Avenida W3 Sul de Brasília sob a ótica do ciclo das políticas públicas a fim de se verificar a observância da etapa de avaliação ex ante na implementação do empreendimento. Trata-se de artigo que tem por objetivo investigar a adoção, pela nova Administração de Brasília, dos passos recomendados de avaliação prévia à elaboração da política pública em questão, para se examinar o grau de potencialidade da escolha adotada corresponder à alternativa mais efetiva1 para a solução do problema da degradação daqueles espaços urbanos. Considera-se a relevância desse projeto piloto para a cidade e o volume do investimento público na sua implementação, que, a depender do sucesso, deve ser replicado em toda a W3. Realiza-se reflexão acerca da utilização de forma alternativa de financiamento por meio da utilização de Operações Urbanas Consorciadas (OUC) - uma espécie de parceria púbico-privada com potencial de deslocar o investimento financeiro para a iniciativa privada sob a gerência do Estado. Ademais, enfatiza-se a valorização do diálogo com a sociedade civil diretamente envolvida, como princípio da OUC, o que denota exercício de democracia participativa, com grande valor na elaboração da proposta de políticas públicas no que tange à fase de avaliação ex ante, incrementando as chances de sucesso da ação a ser implementada. A análise envolve o emprego do método qualitativo, exploratório-bibliográfico, segundo a ótica do ciclo de políticas públicas, com enfoque na avaliação ex ante.Palavras-chave: Revitalização. Avenida W3. Ciclo de políticas públicas. Avaliação ex ante. AbstractThe present study proposes to analyze the revitalization pilot project of public spaces in Blocks 511/512 of W3 Sul Avenue in Brasília from the perspective of the public policy cycle in order to verify the project implementation compliance with the ex ante evaluation. This article aims to investigate the adoption of the recommended steps of prior evaluation by the new Administration of Brasília while drawing the referred public policy, in order to examine the chances of the choice effectiveness in solving the degradation of the urban spaces in the avenue. It takes into account the relevance of this pilot project in the city context and the volume of public investment in its implementation, which, depending on its success, should be replicated throughout W3. Also, a reflection is made on the use of an alternative financing form through an Urban Consortium Operations (OUC) - a kind of public-private partnership that promotes the shifting of the financial investment to private actors (entrepreneurs) leaving the program administration to the public agent. In addition, it emphasizes the value of dialogue with civil society directly involved, as a principle of the OUC, denoting the practice of participatory democracy, with great value to public policies proposal elaboration regarding the ex ante evaluation phase, which may increase the chances of the implemented action success. The analysis is based on qualitative exploratory-bibliographic method, considering the public policy circle point of view, but especially the ex ante evaluation.Key Words: Revitalization. W3 Avenue. Public policy circle. Ex ante evaluation.

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Smismans, Stijn. "The Politicization of ex post Policy Evaluation in the EU." European Journal of Law Reform 19, no. 1-2 (July 2017): 74–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5553/ejlr/138723702017019102005.

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Grafton, R. Quentin, Sonia Akter, and Tom Kompas. "A Policy-enabling framework for the ex-ante evaluation of marine protected areas." Ocean & Coastal Management 54, no. 6 (June 2011): 478–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2011.03.006.

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Jara, H. Xavier, and Erik Schokkaert. "Putting measures of individual well-being to use for ex-ante policy evaluation." Journal of Economic Inequality 15, no. 4 (December 2017): 421–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10888-017-9370-x.

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Hermann, Daniel, Saramena Sauthoff, and Oliver Mußhoff. "Ex-ante evaluation of policy measures to enhance carbon sequestration in agricultural soils." Ecological Economics 140 (October 2017): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.05.018.

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Cutler, Josh, Scott De Marchi, Max Gallop, Florian M. Hollenbach, Michael Laver, and Matthias Orlowski. "Cabinet Formation and Portfolio Distribution in European Multiparty Systems." British Journal of Political Science 46, no. 1 (June 9, 2014): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123414000180.

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Government formation in multiparty systems is of self-evident substantive importance, and the subject of an enormous theoretical literature. Empirical evaluations of models of government formation tend to separate government formation per se from the distribution of key government pay-offs, such as cabinet portfolios, between members of the resulting government. Models of government formation are necessarily specified ex ante, absent any knowledge of the government that forms. Models of the distribution of cabinet portfolios are typically, though not necessarily, specified ex post, taking into account knowledge of the identity of some government ‘formateur’ or even of the composition of the eventual cabinet. This disjunction lies at the heart of a notorious contradiction between predictions of the distribution of cabinet portfolios made by canonical models of legislative bargaining and the robust empirical regularity of proportional portfolio allocations – Gamson’s Law. This article resolves this contradiction by specifying and estimating a joint model of cabinet formation and portfolio distribution that, for example, predicts ex ante which parties will receive zero portfolios rather than taking this as given ex post. It concludes that canonical models of legislative bargaining do increase the ability to predict government membership, but that portfolio distribution between government members conforms robustly to a proportionality norm because portfolio distribution follows the much more difficult process of policy bargaining in the typical government formation process.

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Rashedi, Zohreh, Md Sami Hasnine, Meaghan Mendonca, and Khandker Nurul Habib. "Ex Ante and Ex Post Evaluation of Smart Commute Strategies in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area of Canada: Comparison of Aggregate and Disaggregate Approaches." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2665, no. 1 (January 2017): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2665-09.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of the Smart Commute program, a well-established travel demand management (TDM) program in the greater Toronto and Hamilton area of Canada. The study exploited a data fusion technique to combine data collected through cross-sectional ex ante and ex post surveys at the workplace of each Smart Commute member. Two types of approaches were used: aggregate statistical analysis and disaggregate choice modeling with the fused-combined data set. The results clarify that aggregate investigation may not always uncover many behavioral details. Aggregate comparisons of the survey data showed that the performance of the Smart Commute program varied by sociodemographic attributes of the employees, including age, employment status, employment shift, and regional municipality of employment. The aggregate investigation also showed that the stated willingness to consider bike, walk, and telework options was not reliable in evaluating the effectiveness of any TDM policy. Complementary to the aggregate investigation, the study used an advanced mixed logit model framework to explore the effects of Smart Commute on commuters’ perceptions about travel attributes. The results of the empirical model revealed more variation in the perceptions of commuters about travel attributes after implementation of TDM interventions. In addition, the perceptions of travel times became more negative after TDM implementation.

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Hartlová, Martina. "Evaluation of effectiveness and efficiency of regional policy programmes: Analysis of ex ante evaluations of programming documents." Geografie 109, no. 1 (2004): 36–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2004109010036.

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The paper focuses on evaluation of regional policy programmes in the European Union and in the Czech Republic as a tool for improving effectiveness and efficiency of the regional policy. The main methodological problems and conceptual questions are summarized as well as the current situation of evaluation practice in the EU. A special attention is also dedicated to the existing experience of the Czech Republic in this area, in particular in the ax ante evaluation. Finally, the paper presents several possible solutions for the future evaluation development that could result in the improvement of the regional policy in the Czech Republic.

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Tukulis, Anrijs, Andra Blumberga, Uldis Bariss, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Ex Post Evaluation of Large Electricity Consumer Policy Measures." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0002.

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Abstract All European Union (EU) member states till 2020 had an obligatory target for energy efficiency. One of instruments for countries to achieve national energy efficiency goals is obligation for large companies (LC) and large electricity consumers (LEC) to implement certified energy management system or perform energy audit. In this study the Latvian case study of obligation for LC and LEC where examined. The analysis was carried out using a theory-based policy analysis method combined with evaluation criteria from the EU legislative assessment guidelines The Better Regulation Agenda – efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, coherence, added value, validity, complementarity, coordination, equality, sustainability and acceptability. To evaluate energy efficiency policy measures, it is also important to understand energy efficiency measures that will realistically meet the set company and national targets. AHP and TOPSIS analyzes were performed to evaluate these measures not only from energy efficiency but also from environmental, climate, engineering-technical, economic, and social aspects. The results allow us to assess the fate of existing policies and to draw conclusions on the improvements needed to meet energy efficiency and climate goals in the future.

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Hong, Junhee, Yoonmo Koo, Gicheol Jeong, and Jongsu Lee. "Ex-ante evaluation of profitability and government's subsidy policy on vehicle-to-grid system." Energy Policy 42 (March 2012): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.11.053.

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Kaplan, David, and Rani George. "Evaluating Latent Variable Growth Models Through Ex Post Simulation." Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics 23, no. 3 (September 1998): 216–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/10769986023003216.

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This article considers the use of ex post (historical) simulation statistics as a means of evaluating latent variable growth models. Ex post simulation involves using the estimated parameters of a latent variable growth model to track the known historical values of an outcome of interest. Such methods of evaluating temporal models were developed primarily in applied economic forecasting and have been known for some time. This paper applies a variety of simulation quality statistics to latent variable growth models. In particular, Theil’s (1966) inequality coefficient, bias proportion, variance proportion, and covariance proportion are used to gauge the simulation adequacy of growth models. An application to the study of change in science achievement using data from the Longitudinal Study of American Youth is provided to illustrate the methodology. The results illustrate the importance of using these measures as adjuncts to more traditional forms of model evaluation, especially if one is considering the use of these models for subsequent forecasting or other policy purposes.

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E., Stathakis, Stambologlou E., and O. Manoliadis. "Ex post evaluation of developmental interventions in large scale infrastructure projects: The case of Vistonida rural area." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 01 (January 29, 2020): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i01.ec03.

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The structural development interventions carried out by the European Union (EU) aim to accelerate the real convergence of 28 Member States, mainly those lagging behind interventions. Most of these contribute to better environmental protection, better life condition for farmers and flood protection. Evaluation of infrastructure projects contributing to spatial growth in ex-ante, ongoing, and ex-post basis is an essential activity to answer several issues raised during the growth mentioned above process. This paper aims to evaluate on ex-post basis integrated developmental interventions-large scale infrastructure projects in rural areas, using a combined method based on Social Cost-Benefit Analysis (SCBA), sustainable and rural growth indicators coming from official organizations along with the n-Dimensional (nD) modelling. The studied developmental interventions refer to Vistonida's rural area, an area to which large-scale infrastructure financed and carried out by the Greek state. They contributed to the modernization and adaptation of the agriculture sector, improving its qualitative and quantitative performance. The needed data derived from the Hellenic National Statistical Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Greek Payment Authority of Common Agricultural Policy (C.A.P.) and concern a period of forty years and they are referred to Land redistribution, irrigation land, crops structure. According to this study, the large-scale agriculture infrastructure contributes significantly to the improvement of the growth rates of a rural spatial productive system as a whole. The application of the combined method was simple, easily understood by policymakers, adequately reliable, and precise.

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Margherita, Alessandro, Gianluca Elia, and Claudio Petti. "What Is Quality in Research? Building a Framework of Design, Process and Impact Attributes and Evaluation Perspectives." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (March 4, 2022): 3034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053034.

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The strategic relevance of innovation and scientific research has amplified the attention towards the definition of quality in research practice. However, despite the proliferation of evaluation metrics and procedures, there is a need to go beyond bibliometric approaches and to identify, more explicitly, what constitutes good research and which are its driving factors or determinants. This article reviews specialized research policy, science policy and scientometrics literature to extract critical dimensions associated with research quality as presented in a vast although fragmented theory background. A literature-derived framework of research quality attributes is, thus, obtained, which is subject to an expert feedback process, involving scholars and practitioners in the fields of research policy and evaluation. The results are represented by a structured taxonomy of 66 quality attributes providing a systemic definition of research quality. The attributes are aggregated into a three-dimensional framework encompassing research design (ex ante), research process (in-process) and research impact (ex post) perspectives. The main value of the study is to propose a literature-derived and comprehensive inventory of quality attributes and perspectives of evaluation. The findings can support further theoretical developments and research policy discussions on the ultimate drivers of quality and impact of scientific research. The framework can be also useful to design new exercises or procedures of research evaluation based on a multidimensional view of quality.

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Sukasuka, Grace Namayombo, Innocent Musonda, Molusiwa Stephan Ramabodu, and Sambo Lyson Zulu. "Social Dimensions in Ex-Post Evaluation of Public Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects: A Scoping Review." Sustainability 14, no. 23 (November 28, 2022): 15808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142315808.

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Although public private partnerships (PPPs) have been in existence for decades as a procurement tool for infrastructure projects, a dearth of studies on ex-post evaluation of Public Private Partnership Infrastructure Projects (PPPIPs) exists globally. Additionally, the contribution of scholars to the inclusion of social dimensions in ex-post evaluations is not fully known. Due to the existing gap, this study aimed at identifying and mapping the literature on the ex-post evaluation of PPPIPs and reviewed its contribution to the assessment of social impacts through the inclusion of social dimensions. The Arkesy and O’Malley five-stage framework was used to conduct a scoping review grounded in 27 articles focusing on the ex-post evaluation of PPPIPs. The selection of articles for review used the PRISMA framework and data were analysed through content analysis. The key findings revealed that mutual relationships existed among the theoretical foundation of the review, the themes, and identified social dimensions. Additionally, diversity was seen in the needs and interests of stakeholders, and finally, the low research output in the ex-post evaluation of PPPIPs was observed. A huge research potential has been revealed with specific focus on the social dimension of the triple bottom line concept of sustainable development to achieve PPPIPs’ social sustainability.

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Cerreta, Maria, Gaia Daldanise, Eleonora Giovene di Girasole, and Carmelo Maria Torre. "A Cultural Heritage Low Entropy Enhancement Approach: An Ex Post Evaluation of Creative Practices." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052765.

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According to the current European and Italian scenario related to urban regeneration, cultural and landscape heritage valorization is being enhanced by the activation of innovative processes and new emerging approaches. These involve the development of methodologies and tools that can address decision-making processes based on creative practices consistent with a concept named “low-entropy economy” in this paper. The low-entropy economy represents an economic approach based on the minimization of physical urban transformation and the enhancement of the existing heritage. In this perspective, the research aims to develop the Cultural Heritage Low Entropy Enhancement (CHLEE) approach by exploring how some frugal experiences have promoted cultural heritage enhancement and related complex values through a program of temporary uses and activities able to produce new values, where the human experience is essential. A crucial role is represented by the heterogeneity of creative practices that contribute to identifying and implementing innovative management and governance models. The analysis of creative practices, based upon the ex post evaluation of some Italian case studies across the PROMETHEE-GAIA multicriteria method, is able to show how these experiences build innovation ecosystems and improve the ex ante evaluation for new strategies and policies, underlining strengths, weaknesses, and milestones that shape creative experiences as drivers of urban competitiveness.

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Proskuryakova, Liliana. "Russia’s energy in 2030: future trends and technology priorities." foresight 19, no. 2 (April 10, 2017): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/fs-07-2016-0034.

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Purpose The purpose of the study is to discuss and critically assess the outcomes of the Foresight study of the Russian energy sector, undertaken in 2014 in the course of a large-scale national Foresight exercise – “Science and Technology (S&T) Foresight 2030”. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the author performs an ex post evaluation of the Foresight study. The methods used are the literature review of the research and analytical publications that appeared after 2014, policy analysis of new national energy regulations and technologies, interviews and expert panels, and performing a final SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis of the Foresight study. Findings As a result of the study, the expediency, efficacy, process efficiency, quality, impact and process improvement of the National S&T Foresight 2030 were assessed. Moreover, the SWOT for the National Foresight and its energy-related outcomes were identified. The National Foresight methodology and its outcomes are critically reviewed, and recommendations for their refinement are made. Research limitations/implications Future research on the topic may include subsequent ex ante and ex post evaluations of energy technology foresights that will include revised lists of technologies, given the rapidly changing energy markets, as well as an assessment of the integration of the study results in the energy and S&T policy documents. Practical implications The practical implications of the study are linked with turning the prospective R&D areas identified through the Foresight into state priorities for funding energy research. Energy companies may utilize the study results in their development plans and R&D strategies. Originality/value This paper offers a valuable insight in the future of energy research and technologies in Russia. It is a comprehensive study that covers all energy aspects from extraction of hydrocarbons to fuel cells and nuclear energy. An ex post assessment of the study is made with implications for the future research.

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Tepperová, Jana, and Jan Pavel. "Evaluation of the Impacts of Selected Tax Reforms Influencing the Income of Individuals in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 4 (2016): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664041401.

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Ability to predict the impacts of proposed tax changes is crucial for effective and transparent tax policy. The ex-ante impact evaluation of proposed changes is in the Czech Republic part of the Regulatory Impact Assessment process and assumed effects are published within the reasoning reports to the amendment laws. We use the top-down approach to calculate ex-post the impacts of the most significant changes in personal income tax and contribution on obligatory insurance on public revenues and compare the results with forecasted effects from reasoning reports. We use data for the period of 1994 to 2014 and create three models to quantify the impact on personal income tax revenue, social security contribution and health insurance contribution. The results show the tendency to underestimate real effects about a third to a half when calculating the projected impact on public revenues. For more accurate estimations we recommend higher transparency in presented methodology within the Regulatory Impact Assessment process and evaluation by independent institution for changes with significant impact.

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Wang, Shengnian, Liang Han, and Weiting Gao. "Mandatory and voluntary information disclosure and the effects on financial analysts." Chinese Management Studies 9, no. 3 (August 3, 2015): 425–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-01-2015-0012.

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Purpose – This paper aims to make a comparison, different from existing literature solely focusing on voluntary earnings forecasts and ex post earnings surprise, between the effects of mandatory earnings surprise warnings and voluntary information disclosure issued by management teams on financial analysts in terms of the number of followings and the accuracy of earnings forecasts. Design/methodology/approach – This paper uses panel data analysis with fixed effects on data collected from Chinese public firms between 2006 and 2010. It uses an exogenous regulation enforcement to minimise the endogeneity problem. Findings – This paper finds that financial analysts are less likely to follow firms which mandatorily issue earnings surprise warnings ex ante than those voluntarily issue earnings forecasts. Moreover, ex post, they issue less accurate and more dispersed forecasts on former firms. The results support Brown et al.’s (2009) finding in the USA and suggest that the earnings surprise warnings affect information asymmetries. Practical implications – This paper justifies the mandatory earnings surprise warnings policy issued by Chinese Securities Regulatory Commission in 2006. Originality/value – Mandatory earnings surprise is a unique practical regulation for publicly listed firms in China. This paper, for the first time, provides empirical evaluation on the effectiveness of a mandatory information disclosure policy in China. Consistent with existing literature on information disclosure by public firms in other countries, this paper finds that, in China, voluntary information disclosure captures more private information than mandatory information disclosure on corporate earnings ability.

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Sinha, Rajeeva, Bharat Maheshwari, and Avik Kedia. "Financial Literacy Through Service Innovation." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 2, no. 2 (December 2013): 177–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977913509168.

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Financial literacy enables financial inclusion, a key policy concern in economic development. Governments around the world are keen to promote financial literacy and fund programmes and organizations that promote financial literacy in low-income populations and youth. However, given the complex interaction of behaviour and skills in financial decisions, it is difficult to conduct an outcome-based evaluation of financial literacy programmes. In the absence of a reliable ex-post evaluation, we focus on ex-ante considerations that should guide us in the design of financial literacy programmes. This article provides a framework for financial literacy programme design drawing lessons from the service innovation literature and experiences of Sanchayan, a non-governmental organization in India that delivers financial literacy and services to low-income adults and youth. We show how Sanchayan in its financial literacy programme design takes the context and the needs of its clients into account and delivers services to its clients in their own comfortable environment. Several challenges faced by Sanchayan in imparting financial literacy and services are also identified.

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Propheter, Geoffrey. "Do professional sport franchise owners overpromise and underdeliver the public? Lessons from Brooklyn’s Barclays Center." International Journal of Public Sector Management 32, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 80–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-01-2018-0002.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a number of promises typically made by owners of professional sports franchises in the USA that are also typically ignored or underevaluated by public bureaus and their elected principals using the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York as a case study. Ex post subsidy outcomes are evaluated against ex ante subsidy promises in order to draw lessons that can inform and improve subsidy debates elsewhere. Design/methodology/approach The case study adopts a pre-post strategy drawing on data from multiple sources over a period of up to ten years in order to triangulate the narrative and build credibility. The franchise owner’s ex ante promises and financial projections were obtained from various media including newspaper, video and interviews between December 2003, when the arena was publicly announced, and September 2012, when the arena opened. Data on ex post outputs were obtained from financial documents and government records covering periods from September 2011 through June 2016. Findings The franchise owner is found to have exaggerated the arena’s financial condition, under-delivered on its employment promises, and exaggerated the scope and timeliness of ancillary real estate development. Only promises of event frequency and attendance levels, measures of the public’s demand for the facility, have been met during the first three years. Research limitations/implications Because the evaluation is a case study, causal conclusions cannot be drawn and some aspects of the Barclays Center context may not be applicable in other jurisdictions or subsidy debates. In addition, the case study does not evaluate an exhaustive list of the promises franchise owners make. Practical implications Franchise owners have a financial incentive to overpromise public benefits, since subsidy levels are tied to what the public is perceived to receive in return. This case study demonstrates that the public sector should not take owners’ promises and projections of public benefits at face value. Moreover, the case study reveals that the public sector should put more effort into ensuring ex post policy and data transparency in order to facilitate benefit-cost analyses of such subsidies. Originality/value The data required to evaluate promises, other than economic development ones, made by franchise owners are not systematically collected across state and local governments in the USA, making large-n studies impossible. Case studies are underutilized approaches in this area of public affairs, and this paper illustrates their usefulness. By focusing on a single facility, an evaluation of the franchise owner’s less acknowledged and arguably more important promises about the facility and its local impact is possible.

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