Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Événements sécheresse"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Événements sécheresse".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Événements sécheresse":
de Marsily, Ghislain. "Eau, changements climatiques, alimentation et évolution démographique." Revue des sciences de l'eau 21, no. 2 (July 22, 2008): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018460ar.
Soubeyroux, Jean-Michel, Brigitte Dubuisson, Patrick Josse, Mathieu Régimbeau, Aurélien Ribes, and Matthieu Sorel. "Changement climatique et extrêmes récents dans l’Est de la France." Revue forestière française 74, no. 2 (June 23, 2023): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2023.7588.
Thibault, Olivier, Bénédicte Augeard, and François Hissel. "La préservation de la biodiversité au cœur des enjeux de gestion de la ressource en eau sous changement climatique." Annales des Mines - Responsabilité et environnement N° 112, no. 4 (October 25, 2023): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/re1.112.0088.
Banos, Vincent, and Philippe Deuffic. "Après la catastrophe, bifurquer ou persévérer ? Les forestiers à l’épreuve des événements climatiques extrêmes." Natures Sciences Sociétés 28, no. 3-4 (July 2020): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/nss/2021008.
Turmel, M. C., J. M. L. Turgeon, C. François, and B. Cloutier-Hurteau. "Saisonnalité du transport de carbone organique dissous dans le ruisseau de l'Hermine, un bassin versant de tête de réseau du Bouclier Canadien." Revue des sciences de l'eau 18, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 353–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705563ar.
Beauvais, François, Olivier Cantat, Philippe Madeline, Patrick Le Gouée, Sophie Brunel-Muguet, and Mohand Medjkane. "Quelles conséquences du changement climatique sur le blé tendre en Normandie aux horizons 2050 et 2100 ?" Climatologie 16 (2019): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1414.
Oyeniyi, F. G., and E. O. Ewuola. "A review of strategies aimed at adapting livestock to volatile climatic conditions in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 48, no. 4 (March 8, 2021): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v48i4.3018.
CHEIFETZ, N., L. GUERY, K. DELABRE, and V. HEIM. "Anticipation de crues sur la Seine, la Marne et l’Oise pour protéger la production d’eau potable." 11, no. 11 (November 22, 2021): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202111045.
Abi-Zeid, I., and B. Bobée. "La modélisation stochastique des étiages: une revue bibliographique." Revue des sciences de l'eau 12, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 459–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705360ar.
Nageleisen, Louis-Michel, and Jean-Claude Grégoire. "Une vie de typographe : point des connaissances sur la biologie d'<i>Ips typographus</i> (Linnaeus 1758)." Revue forestière française 73, no. 4 (June 14, 2022): 479–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/revforfr.2021.5565.
Дисертації з теми "Événements sécheresse":
Assadollahi, Tejaragh Hossein. "L’impact des événements climatiques et de la sécheresse sur le phénomène du retrait gonflement des argiles en interaction avec les constructions." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAD011/document.
Climate change and severe climatic events such as long drought/rehydration periods are at the origin of the shrinkage and swelling phenomenon in expansive soils. This phenomenon is affected by Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere (SVA) interactions and can cause severe structural damage to lightly loaded constructions such as residential buildings. The objective of this re-search work is to simulate the in-situ behavior of the shrinkage-swelling in expansive soils in a SVA context using numerical tools. A soil-atmosphere interaction method is primarily presented along with a coupled hydro-thermal soil model. This approach was established in order to determine primarily, the natural time variable boundary conditions at the considered soil surface based on the mass and energy balance concept, and secondly to determine the spatial-temporal changes of the soil suction, water content and temperature. This approach was validated using in situ observations of monitored sites. Thereafter, the influence of the water uptake by vegetation was incorporated in the source term of the unsaturated water flow theory, using an existing root water uptake model. Subsequently, the temporal variations of the soil suction were related to the volume change behavior using a simple approach developed based on the experimental results of drying/wetting tests performed in the literature. The associated volumetric indices in the void ratio-log suction plan, along with the complementary parameters of the linear model were correlated with basic geotechnical parameters. The proposed approach was validated with in situ data provided from an experimental site. The Roaillan experimental site was instrumented in order to monitor the soil’s physical changes along with the structural behavior of the building. Comparisons between the simulated and observed soil suction, soil water content, temperature and soil movements in time and depth showed an acceptable performance of the predictions. The approach was then extended to study the influence of future climate projections (2050) on the soil’s physical variables and movements. Three RCP climate change scenarios were considered in this analysis which revealed different possible behavior in both short term and long term. Finally, the developed approach was applied to the French territory by dividing it to six different climatic regions. Different soil parameters were attributed to each of these climatic regions in order to set the reference condition. Thereafter, the influence of different external factors was analyzed on the soil movements over a chosen period. The study finally suggests the adequate actions to take for minimizing the amplitude of the shrinkage and swelling phenome-non in a SVA context
Ecoto, Dicka Geoffrey. "Modélisation et apprentissage machine learning appliqués à l'estimation des dommages consécutifs à la survenance d'un événement de sécheresse par retrait-gonflement des argiles dans le cadre du régime d'indemnisation des catastrophes naturelles français." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7182.
This Ph.D. thesis is dedicated to forecasting the financial impact on insured properties in the event of drought, utilizing methods that merge statistics and machine learning. In this context, "drought" refers to the phenomenon of clay shrinkage and swelling that leads to damage to buildings. The task can be broken down into two sub-problems that we address separately. The first sub-problem focuses on predicting which municipalities will submit a request for the government declaration of natural disaster for a drought event. The second is dedicated to predicting the financial impact of drought events on insured properties located in municipalities that obtained the government declaration of natural disaster for a drought event. For the first sub-problem, we develop, study, and apply an original algorithm to predict requests for the government declaration of natural disaster. The algorithm benefits from two complementary formalizations of the task at hand, approached as both supervised classification and an optimal transport problem. The final predictions are obtained as a geometric mean of these two prediction types. Theoretically, the optimal transport plan can be obtained by applying the iPiano algorithm [Ochs et al., 2015], and we demonstrate that the assumptions underlying its analysis are met. The analysis of the predictions obtained confirms the algorithm's relevance. Regarding the second sub-problem, we develop, investigate, and apply an original aggregation algorithm, inspired by the Super Learner [van der Laan, 2007]. Two challenges must be considered. First, since drought events have only been covered by the French natural disaster compensation scheme since 1989, the number of drought events available for training our algorithm is limited, with each drought event associated with a large dataset. Second, temporal dependence is compounded by spatial dependence, primarily due to geographic and administrative proximity between French municipalities. Based on a dependency modeling using a dependency graph, the theoretical analysis reveals that the brevity of the time series can be compensated if spatial dependence is weak. Once again, the analysis of the predictions obtained underscores the relevance of our algorithm
Chuste, Pierre-Antoine. "Étude de la sensibilité du hêtre lorrain à un événement climatique extrême. Quels sont les rôles des métabolismes carboné et azoté dans la mort des arbres ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0255/document.
An increase in forest dieback has been observed in recent decades and the question of how trees will react to these brutal changes is raised by the scientific community but not yet resolved. The multiplicity of studies made it possible to draw several hypotheses on the functional mechanisms put into action during a death event leading to mortality, two of which emerge: a dysfunction of the hydraulic system or a depletion of carbon reserves. Nevertheless, these assumptions turned out to be neither exclusive nor exhaustive. Other hypotheses were then proposed in addition to existing ones, in particular the contribution of nitrogen metabolism during a mortality event. Numerous observations point to a potential risk to the ecological status of beech in the face of these global climate changes, in particular a decrease in the availability of soil nitrogen and an increase in drought events. The work in this thesis has therefore sought to evaluate the contribution of nitrogen and carbon metabolisms to dysfunctions observed during an episode of dieback leading to mortality. During the 3 years of the project, we studied how the nitrogen and carbon metabolism could be impacted by successive annual defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our study has shown the internal tree nitrogen cycle is conserved with a strong allocation of nitrogen to the leaf compartment in the spring, its conservation in the foliage during the growing season and an efficient recycling of the leaf nitrogen to the perennial organs during nitrogen winter remobilization. We have been able to estimate that this recycled nitrogen in the fall contributes significantly to the setting up of the new leaf compartment the following spring, even in the face of significant constraints. We have also been able to show that the quantity of carbon reserves is maintained in the face of defoliation and, at least initially, in the face of drought. Nevertheless, the proportional demand for osmotic requirements in the face of a long and intense drought has led to a decrease in the amount of carbon reserves. When the tree dies, the carbon reserves are greatly reduced, but not until exhaustion, contrary to the theory. Finally, the mortality rate in our experiment was quite low indicating the resistance of the Lorraine beech to extreme constraints such as successive defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our results emphasize the resistance character of the beech against a constraint via internal metabolism adjustments but this resistance could be lost if the stress is longer and more recurrent. These elements can question the possible maintenance of beech in the face of climate change
Chuste, Pierre-Antoine. "Étude de la sensibilité du hêtre lorrain à un événement climatique extrême. Quels sont les rôles des métabolismes carboné et azoté dans la mort des arbres ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0255.
An increase in forest dieback has been observed in recent decades and the question of how trees will react to these brutal changes is raised by the scientific community but not yet resolved. The multiplicity of studies made it possible to draw several hypotheses on the functional mechanisms put into action during a death event leading to mortality, two of which emerge: a dysfunction of the hydraulic system or a depletion of carbon reserves. Nevertheless, these assumptions turned out to be neither exclusive nor exhaustive. Other hypotheses were then proposed in addition to existing ones, in particular the contribution of nitrogen metabolism during a mortality event. Numerous observations point to a potential risk to the ecological status of beech in the face of these global climate changes, in particular a decrease in the availability of soil nitrogen and an increase in drought events. The work in this thesis has therefore sought to evaluate the contribution of nitrogen and carbon metabolisms to dysfunctions observed during an episode of dieback leading to mortality. During the 3 years of the project, we studied how the nitrogen and carbon metabolism could be impacted by successive annual defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our study has shown the internal tree nitrogen cycle is conserved with a strong allocation of nitrogen to the leaf compartment in the spring, its conservation in the foliage during the growing season and an efficient recycling of the leaf nitrogen to the perennial organs during nitrogen winter remobilization. We have been able to estimate that this recycled nitrogen in the fall contributes significantly to the setting up of the new leaf compartment the following spring, even in the face of significant constraints. We have also been able to show that the quantity of carbon reserves is maintained in the face of defoliation and, at least initially, in the face of drought. Nevertheless, the proportional demand for osmotic requirements in the face of a long and intense drought has led to a decrease in the amount of carbon reserves. When the tree dies, the carbon reserves are greatly reduced, but not until exhaustion, contrary to the theory. Finally, the mortality rate in our experiment was quite low indicating the resistance of the Lorraine beech to extreme constraints such as successive defoliation or a long and intense drought. Our results emphasize the resistance character of the beech against a constraint via internal metabolism adjustments but this resistance could be lost if the stress is longer and more recurrent. These elements can question the possible maintenance of beech in the face of climate change
Частини книг з теми "Événements sécheresse":
RAYMOND, Florian, and Albin ULLMANN. "Impact spatial du changement climatique sur les sécheresses hivernales en Méditerranée et ses conséquences sur l’agriculture." In Les impacts spatiaux du changement climatique, 211–26. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9009.ch10.