Дисертації: "Ergonomics tools and methods"

1

Galvan, Tatiana Cecagno. "Carga de trabalho : definição, fatores influentes e identificação de causas raiz." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/118871.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Um dos principais objetivos da ergonomia é ter uma carga de trabalho adequada, buscando a melhoria dos níveis de conforto, satisfação, eficiência e segurança no trabalho, caso contrário, sua inadequação pode influenciar a saúde e segurança do trabalhador, além de afetar a organização. O objetivo geral deste estudo é identificar as causas raiz de uma carga de trabalho inadequada com intuito de compreender os fatores influentes e suas interligações visando melhorar a condição de saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores. Os objetivos específicos são: (i) entender e definir as dimensões da carga de trabalho através de uma revisão sistemática de literatura; (ii) identificar os fatores influentes centrais, ou seja, causas raiz, da inadequação da carga de trabalho através da análise de uma revisão sistemática utilizando ferramentas do Processo de Pensamento; (iii) avaliar a carga de trabalho e suas inadequações de forma participativa, através da mensuração desta e da identificação de suas causas raiz em uma empresa de manufatura. Para alcançar cada um dos objetivos o presente trabalho foi estruturado na forma de três artigos, associados a cada um dos objetivos específicos. Assim, o trabalho foi composto por uma revisão sistemática de literatura (Artigo 1), análise de uma revisão sistemática (Artigo 2) e um estudo de caso aplicado (Artigo 3). O primeiro artigo entendeu e definiu as dimensões da carga de trabalho. No segundo, identificou-se os fatores influentes centrais da inadequação da carga de trabalho através de uma revisão sistemática. Já no terceiro artigo, foi realizado um estudo de caso, composto pela avaliação da carga de trabalho através da NASA TLX, demonstrando a carga de trabalho de máximo risco (carga de trabalho geral). Neste também mensurou-se, de forma participativa, os fatores centrais desta inadequação através de ferramentas do processo de pensamento. O resultado final permitiu perceber poucos estudos definindo carga de trabalho entre artigos empíricos, não havendo uma definição padrão. Percebeu-se que o foco dos artigos não são na abordagem da adequação desta carga de trabalho. Permitiu-se identificar as causas raiz de uma carga de trabalho inadequada, propiciando uma análise profunda das relações gerais do problema, através da lógica causa e efeito, incluindo os fatores influentes e suas interligações.
A major goal of ergonomics consists in having an adequate workload in order to improve levels of comfort, satisfaction, efficiency and safety. Otherwise, its inadequacy can influence health and worker’s safety and affect the organization. The aim of this study is to identify the root causes of inadequate workload in spite of understanding the influencing factors and their interconnections to improve the workers health and safety. The specific objectives are: (i) understand and define the dimensions of the workload through a systematic literature review; (ii) identify the substantial influencing factors (root causes) of the inadequacy of the workload by analyzing a systematic review using Thinking Process tools; (iii) evaluate the workload and its inadequacies in a participatory manner, by measuring and identifying their root causes in a manufacturing company. To achieve each objective, this study was structured with three articles associated with each of the specific objectives. Therefore, the work is consisted of a systematic review of the literature (Article 1), analysis of a systematic review (Article 2) and an applied case study (Article 3). The first article understood and defined the dimensions of workload. In the second, we identified the major influencing factors of inadequate workload through a systematic review. In the third article, we conducted a case study, comprising the assessment of workload through the NASA TLX, demonstrating the maximum risk workload (overall workload). The end result allowed us to perceive few studies defining workload between empirical articles, there is no standard definition. It was felt that the focus of the articles are not in addressing the appropriateness of this workload. Allowed to identify the root causes of inadequate workload, providing a thorough analysis of the general relations of the problem, by logical cause and effect, including the influential factors and their interconnections.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

2

A, Asif Farazee M. "Circular Manufacturing Systems : A development framework with analysis methods and tools for implementation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Maskin- och processteknologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207470.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The society today lives on the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-dispose.’ In the long run, this is not sustainable as the natural resources and the waste carrying capacity of the earth are limited. Therefore, it is essential to reduce dependency on the natural resources by decoupling the growth from the consumption. In this venture, both the society and the manufacturing industry have a vital role to play. The society needs to shift towards Circular Economy that rests upon the philosophy of ‘take-make-use-reuse’ and the manufacturing industry has to be a major stakeholder in this shift. Despite being proven to be both economically and environmentally beneficial, successful examples of circular systems are few today. This is primarily due to two reasons; firstly, there is a lack of systemic and systematic approach to guide industries and secondly, there is a lack of analysis methods and tools that are capable of assessing different aspects of circular manufacturing systems. Taking on to these challenges, the objective of this research is to bring forward a framework with methods and decision support tools that are essential to implement circular manufacturing systems. The initial conceptual framework with the systemic approach is developed based on extensive review and analysis of research, which is further adapted for industrial implementation. Systematic analysis methods, decision support and implementation tools are developed to facilitate this adaptation. This development has been supported by four cases from diverse manufacturing sectors. Behind each decision support tool, there are analysis methods built upon mainly system dynamics principles. These tools are based on simulation platforms called Stella and Anylogic. Among other things, these tools are capable of assessing the performance of closed-loop supply chains, consequences of resource scarcity, potential gains from resource conservation and overall economic and environmental performance of circular manufacturing systems.

QC 20170522

ResCoM: Resource Conservative Manufacturing- transforming waste into high value resource through closed-loop product systems

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

3

Eriksson, Linda, and Lina Simme. "The Application of Futures Studies in Innovation Processes : Scenario methods as a tool to facilitate flexibility and enable future resilient products." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-167822.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Companies are pressured by dynamic markets and the increase of innovation speed, technology change and shortening of product life cycles. They need to attend to customer demands and ever-changing environmental conditions, policies and regulations set by governments and institutions in order to stay relevant on the market and be allowed to operate. Innovation has therefore become a must and the innovation processes are a central part of companies’ operations. Futures studies is presented as a systematic way of studying the future that can contribute to a better understanding of the needed direction of innovations. The aim of the study is to investigate how futures studies can be embodied in the innovation process of manufacturing companies in the industry of rail and road vehicles. The structure of an innovation process within the industry of rail and road vehicles is summarized to consist of three different phases: the fuzzy-front-end, the development and the maintenance. The innovation process is further divided by the components of the product and during the entire process there are decision points to evaluate the projects. The organizational aspects which are considered to have the most influence on the innovation process concern the company environment and internal knowledge sharing. Futures studies are moderately performed at different stages of the innovation process and levels of the organization, mainly at corporate level and in the fuzzy-front-end. The people involved in these activities are solely employees from the company in question and the main issue found regarding the activities of futures studies is that the results of the foresight are not communicated properly across the company. Two ways in which futures studies can be embodied in the innovation process are identified to create more high-quality ideas and to tune the product during the process according to the future market, with a third way ensuring alignment with corporate level. A recommendation is presented consisting of a scenario workshop which enables for futures studies to be embodied in the innovation process of manufacturing companies. Activities and pointers for prior, during and after the workshop are presented. The results of the workshop will further be embodied in the innovation process in three different ways, in the beginning, alongside and as a basis for the corporate strategy.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

4

Koupil, Jan. "Helitronic Power 400 – uvedení stroje do sériové výroby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401511.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This diploma thesis was focused on implementation of CNC tool grinder Helitronic Power 400 into serial production on flowing assembly. In the first part, optimization methods were described, which are used in practice as a tool for increasing the productivity and profitability of the company. The practical part was focused on the inclusion of the machine into serial production and on processes connected with the implementation.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

5

Danet, Georgiana. "Quest Atlantis as an alternative educational tool – Children’s voices on Quest Atlantis and a method for involving users in participatory design." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för för interaktion och systemdesign, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1766.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Alternative educational tools have been investigated, in form of a meta-game structure, a computer-based educational software (Quest Atlantis) which was used in an after-school environment within the frame of Fifth Dimension site in Ronneby. The study is based on field material from five sessions, each of two hours. A first focus in this thesis is on the extent to which such a virtual environment can be used for educational purposes, to which extent it can supplement the traditional educational system. A second focus is on how appropriate the software is to its educational purpose and how it can be improved by means of participatory design. The analysis of the data shows that computer games are a rich setting for human learning, in a more dynamic, active and involving manner than traditional education. In this particular case, we came to the conclusion how the software has to be improved in order to suite children’s computer skills and we came up with an original method for involving users in participatory design.
Alternativa utbildningsverktyg har studerats, i form av en meta-spel struktyr, en databaserad utbildning software (Quest Atlantis), som har varit använt i en efterskola miljö, inom Fifth Dimension ramar, i Ronneby. Studiet baseras på fältmaterialet från fem sessioner, varje session på två timmar. En först fokuspunkt i det här arbetet koncentrerar sig på: till vilken mån en sådan virtuel miljö kan användas för utbildnigssyfte och kan supplimentera det traditionella utbildningssystemet. En andra fokupunkt koncentrerar sig på hur lämpligt mjukvara är för dess utbildningssyften och hur den kan förbättras med hjälp av participatory design. Analysen av data visar att dataspel är rika miljöer för mänsklig lärande, på ett mer dynamiskt, aktivt och involverande sätt än traditionell utbildning. I det här studiet har vi kommit fram till att hur man kan förbättra mjukvaran för att passa barnens datavana och vi har uppfunnit en original metod för att involvera användare i participatory design.
This thesis has been conducted at the Department of Human Work Science, Media Technology and Humanities at Blekinge Institute of Technology in the fields of work science and computer science.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

6

Carlsson, Rebecca. "Comparison of turning blades produced by a conventional- and additive manufacturing method." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69032.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Additive manufacturing has developed radical through the years. Sandvik has invested in the area by building a center specific for additive manufacturing. Due to problems with the material- and product properties and high production costs no products have been used with additive manufacturing method. These aspects have improved over the years and therefore the master thesis was made with an objective: to compare two different produced blades with focus on the aspects of material- and product properties and production costs. One of the blades was produced through additive manufacturing (AM) and the other blade was produced in today’s production at Sandvik Coromant in Gimo. If the blade can be produced through AM there is a possibility to lower the production costs and improve the degree of design freedom. The material that will be used is SS2230 (50CrV4) which are used in conventionally produced blades and 1.2709 which are used in AM produced blades. The investigation consisted of five different tests (flow rate, pressure force, vibration, fatigue and keyhole wear) and a study on production aspects with focus on value stream mapping, investments and production costs. The main objective in the result was to compare each test between the two different produced blades, not to investigate the optimal value. Therefore, was the test designed to have continuity with as small deviation as possible between the tests. This resulted in choosing values which were not optimal for the blades but focused on continuity and deviation. The coolant channels flow rate improved with 35% on the AM produced blades but pressure force, fatigue and keyhole wear resistance did not deviate much from conventionally produced blades. Fatigue tests were made twice with two different inserts because the result from the first test differentiated too much from the expected results on both blades. Production costs will be higher with AM but on a long-term may an investment improve the degree of design freedom on a product and a possibility to produce towards costumer (just in time). This will need an expensive investment with a bigger perspective on the timeframe. The value of the product may increase but the production costs will increase too.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

7

Olsson, Philip, and Carl-Johan Bjelke. "Planering av mejeriproduktion med diskret händelsesimulering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418088.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A producer of dairy products intends to improve planning work by utilizing a simulation model. Dairy production has specific requirements that consequently means that planning is a complex task because of factors such as changeovers of production which limits production flexibility. The purpose of the thesis is thus to create a discrete event simulation for dairy production and to document the specific circumstances and approaches that the simulation project includes to support the producer's development of the planning work. To achieve the purpose, two questions have been formulated that aim to answer for the theoretical work as well as the practical work in establishing a simulation model. The project utilizes a conceptual model and follows a twelve-step model for work sequence. Theory intends to form the basis for answering questions and covers methodological approaches, discrete event simulation, programming methods based on continuous and discrete data and the meaning of stops and changeovers in production. The steps in the methodological approach are limited to problem formulation, setting a project plan and goals using the conceptual model, model building, data collection, coding, verification and validation. The work resulted in a theoretical methodological approach, a conceptual model and a partly verified simulation model for planning based on discrete event simulation.
En mejeriproducent ämnar förbättra sitt planeringsarbete med hjälp av en simuleringsmodell. Mejeriproduktion innebär särskilda krav som leder till att planeringsarbetet blir komplext på grund av omställningsvillkor vilket hämmar flexibiliteten av produktionen. Syftet med examensarbetet är därmed att upprätta en diskret händelsesimulering för mejeriproduktion och dokumentera de särskilda omständigheter och tillvägagångsätt som simuleringsprojektet innefattar för att stödja producentens utveckling av planeringsarbetet. För att uppnå syftet har två frågeställningar formulerats, vilka svarar dels för den teoretiska aspekten av att genomdriva ett sådant projekt, dels för hur en simuleringsmodell kan utformas i praktiken. Simuleringsmodellen upprättas med hjälp av en konceptuell modell samt ett metodologiskt tillvägagångsätt här omnämnt Banks metod. Teoriavsnittet avser att ligga till grund för besvarande av frågeställningar och innefattar metodologiska tillvägagångssätt, diskret händelsesimulering, programmeringsmetoder baserade på kontinuerliga och diskreta data samt innebörden av stopp och omställning i produktion. Det metodologiska tillvägagångssättet används i begränsad utsträckning. Projektet avgränsas till problemformulering, upprättande av projektplan och mål med hjälp av den konceptuella modellen, insamling av data, modellering och verifiering. Arbetet resulterade i ett teoretiskt metodologiskt tillvägagångssätt, en konceptuell modell samt en delvis verifierad simuleringsmodell för planering baserad på diskret händelsesimulering.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

8

Mazaheri, Ava. "Ergonomic Evaluation of Power Tool Use at Different Task and Tool Related Conditions Using a Mechanical Test Rig, Electromyography and Subjective Evaluations." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235384.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Workers within production and assembly lines are often exposed to ergonomically unfavorable tasksand conditions. Reaction forces and reaction torques generated by industrial power tools may causenot only discomfort but also health issues and injury. The forceful tasks in combination with highlyrepetitive hand-arm motions and prolonged tool use paves the way for loss in workforce capacitywhich in turn can lead to great losses in productivity and product quality. An umbrella term for themany injuries and diseases that may arise from the use of such tools is Cumulative Trauma Disorders(CTD).This study aimed to investigate the ergonomic effect of power tool use for various tool and taskrelated conditions. The study required the setup of a test rig with a simulated handle of the tool. Theergonomic impact was assessed by measuring the torques associated with different tighteningstrategies, as well as measuring the angular displacement of the tool handle. By varying the jointstiffness and workplace orientation, the complexity of the task was varied and thus quantified.Measurements of muscle activity during each tightening procedure provided a quantification of thephysiological impact on the operator. By combining the measurements on the operator withsubjective assessment of perceived exertion and discomfort, a more holistic perspective on thetightening procedure was obtained.The results obtained from the study stressed the negative impact on the operator which the QuickStep tightening strategy on medium hard joints implies, regardless of workspace orientation. TheTurbo Tight and Tensor Pulse tightening strategies turned out to generate the lowest reactiontorques and handle deflections, regardless of joint stiffness and workspace orientation. The findingsfrom the muscle activity measurements in combination with the subjective evaluation methodsfurther confirmed the mildness of the Turbo Tight and Tensor Pulse strategies. Moreover, horizontalworkspace resulted in lower tool handle deflection compared to vertical workspace for all tighteningstrategies and joint stiffnesses.
Många antällda på monteringsband exponeras ofta för ergonomiskt ofördelaktiga arbetsuppgifter och arbetsförhållanden. De handhållna monteringsverktyg som används genrerar ofta reaktionskrafter som i många fall kan orsaka en känsla av obehag eller ge upphov till mer bestående hälsobesvär. De kraftfulla och repetetiva arbetsuppgifterna som montering många gånger innebär kan bana väg för förluster i arbetskraftskapacitet, vilket i sin tur kan leda till stora förluster i produktivitet och produktkvalitet. En paraplyterm för de många åkommor och besvär som kan uppstå som ett resultat av användandet av handhållna monteringsverktyg är ’förslitningsskador’ (Cumulative Trauma Disorders på engelska). Målsättningen för denhär studien har varit att undersöka de ergonomiska effekter som användandet av handhållna monteringsverktyg innebär vid olika vektygs- och arbetsuppgiftsrelaterade parametrar. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av en test rig där ett simulerat verktygshandtag utnyttjades. Den ergonomiska effekten på användaren undersöktes genom mätningar av uppnådda reaktions moment och handtags vinklar associerade med olika åtdragningsstrategier, styvhet av förband samt orientering av arbetsyta. Genom att mäta muskelaktiviteten i underarmen hos testpersonerna erhölls en kvantifiering av den fysiologiska effekten på testpersonerna. Mätningarna av vinkel, moment och muskelaktivitet kombinerades med subjektiva skattningsmetoder för att på så sätt kunna erhålla ett mer holistiskt perspektiv på åtdragningarna och deras effekt på människan. Resultaten från studien underströk de negativa effekterna av åtdragning med Quick Step strategin på medium hårda förband, oavsett orientering av arbetsytan. Turbo Tight och Tensor Pulse strategierna genererade de lägsta reaktions momenten och handtags deflektionerna. Resultaten från muskelsaktivitetsmätningarna och de subjektiva skattningsmetoderna bekräftade den relativa mildheten hos Tensor Pulse och Turbo Tight strategierna. Dessutom påvisades att åtdragningar som sker på en horisontell arbetsyta resulterade i lägre handtagsdeflektion jämfört med åtdragningar på en vertikal arbetsyta, oavsett åtdragningsstrategi och styvhet hos förband.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

9

Hellstadius, Monica. "Implementation of methods and tools." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124255.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

10

Marshall, Kenneth John. "Developing tools to assist in investigations to improve the human computer interface of interactive computer systems." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314620.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

11

Ivanova, Ivelina. "Supply chain management tools and methods." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2004. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/4591/.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In today's business environment, manufacturers need to manage their enterprises as an inseparable part of a supply chain. Key to achieving this is the creation of an extended and integrated information system. In an attempt to find out what needs to be done to improve current supply chain methods and tools, the current research project 1) reviewed the literature to establish current approaches to Supply Chain Management (SCM); 2) identified what tools and methods are available; 3) categorised the current approaches to supply chain management and established a current practice SCM model; 4) identified the requirements for improved SCM; 5) produced an outline requirements specification for improved SCM. The research has made a number of contributions to knowledge. A literature survey on the subject of what SCM involves and what a SCM system is was carried out and was followed by the conclusions that existing software systems have not been classified and tested against the criteria of a true SCM system. A survey of existing SCM software solutions provided data for an analysis of what typical SCM applications include and concluded that a comprehensive SCM solution currently does not exist. That conclusion was verified by a survey based on SCM expert interviews. Three case studies were carried out that looked into different parts of the supply chain and demonstrated the significance of advanced SCM functionality for each one of them. The case studies also involved the design and implementation of a supply chain mapping tool and a supplier relationship management tool. Finally, a conceptual specification of an improved SCM system was developed. The research will be of interest to practitioners in the area of SCM that are looking for ideas to improve SCM procedures and namely, are looking into implementing or developing an already existing software system for SCM. It also suggests ideas for further research, which may be of interest to research students who are interested in the area of SCM.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

12

McParland, Patrick J. "Software tools to support formal methods." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292757.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

13

Marchesan, Almeida Gabriel. "Adaptive mpsoc architectures : principLes, methods and tools." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20154/document.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Les systèmes multiprocesseurs sur puce (MPSoC) offrent des performances supérieures tout en conservant la flexibilité et la réutilisabilité grâce à la customisation du logiciel embarqué. Alors que la plupart de MPSoC sont aujourd'hui hétérogènes pour mieux répondre aux besoins des applications ciblées, les MPSoCs homogènes pourraient devenir dans un proche avenir une alternative viable apportant d'autres avantages tels que l'équilibrage de charge de l'exécution, la migration des tâches et l'ájustement de fréquence dynamique. Cette thèse s'appuie sur une plateforme MPSoC homogène, développée pour explorer techniques d'adaptation en ligne. Chaque processeur de ce système est compact et exécute un système d'exploitation préemptif qui surveille diverses métriques et est habilité à prendre des décisions de remapping grâce à des techniques de migration de code et du changement dynamique de la fréquence. Cette approche permet la mise en œuvre des capacités de raffinage d'application à l'exécution en fonction de différents critères
Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoC) offer superior performance while maintaining flexibility and reusability thanks to software oriented personalization. While most MPSoCs are today heterogeneous for better meeting the targeted application requirements, homogeneous MPSoCs may become in a near future a viable alternative bringing other benefits such as run-time load balancing, task migration and dynamic frequency scaling. This thesis relies on a homogeneous NoC-based MPSoC platform developed for exploring scalable and adaptive on-line continuous mapping techniques. Each processor of this system is compact and runs a tiny preemptive operating system that monitors various metrics and is entitled to take remapping decisions through code migration techniques and dynamic frequency scaling. This approach that endows the architecture with decisional capabilities permits refining application implementation at run-time according to various criteria

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

14

Davidson, Gordon Westly. "Aircraft NLG shimmy : methods, tools and analysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10554.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

ELGEAR was a UK government/industry partnership created in 2006 to research electrical technology in aircraft landing gear systems. The project designed, built and ground tested electrical technology for a Landing Gear Extension/Retraction system (LGERS) and Nose Wheel Steering systems (NWS) for a 120 passenger aircraft. One thread of this research, and the topic of the present thesis, was to develop analysis methods and tools to investigate the effects of shimmy. Shimmy is the self excited vibration of a castored wheel assembly. It may be experienced on assemblies such as wheel chairs, shopping trolleys, motor cycles, and it is particularly prevalent on aircraft landing gears. Developed within this report is a generic set of system shimmy requirements to guide future engineers. Several models are developed from first principles, allowing a potential design to be quickly evaluated and damper sizes determined. A detailed Multi-Body Systems model has been created using the software modelling package ADAMS. The model includes a detailed representation of mass and inertia properties, stiffness’s, friction and tyre properties. The report includes a detailed method to determine the tyre parameters compatible with the ADAMS PAC2002 formulation (magic tyre formula). The dynamic model is simulated to investigate the landing gear’s behaviour to each requirement and is a significant enhancement to the models developed using first principles. To explore the influence of higher frequency tyre dynamics, a model incorporating a simplified SWIFT tyre model is generated from first principles. The report concludes with a validation of the methods and tools. Test results are used to validate several aspects of the tyre model, and a comparison between hand derived models and the detailed model provides a thorough check of modelling practices.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

15

Carrasco, Carrillo Tomás. "Methods and tools for the design of RFICs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/131009.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Ambient intelligence is going to focus the next advances in wireless technologies. Hence, the increasing demand on radio frequency (RF) devices and applications represents, not only a challenge for technological industries to improve its roadmaps, but also for RF engineers to design more robust, low-power, small-size and low-cost devices. Regarding to communication robustness, in the latest years, differential topologies have acquired an important relevance because of its natural noise and interference immunity. Within this framework, a differential n-port device can still be treated with the classical analysis circuit theory by means of Z-,Y-, h-parameters or the most suitable S-parameters in the radio frequency field. Despite of it, Bockelman introduced the mixed-mode scattering parameters, which more properly express the differential and common-mode behavior of symmetrical devices. Since then, such parameters have been used with a varying degree of success, as it will be shown, mainly because of a misinterpretation. Thereby, this thesis is devoted to extend the theory of mixed-mode scattering parameters and proposes the methodology to analyze such devices. For this proposal, the simplest case of a two-port device is developed. By solving this simple case, most of the lacks of the current theory are filled up. As instance, it allows the characterization and comparison of symmetric and spiral inductors, which have remained a controversy point until now. After solving this case, the theory is extended to a n-port device. Another key point on the fast and inexpensive development of radio frequency devices is the advance on fast CAD tools for the analysis and synthesis of passive devices. In the case of silicon technologies, planar inductors have become the most popular shapes because of its integrability. However, the design of inductors entails a deep experience and acknowledge not only on the behavior of such devices but on the use of electromagnetic (EM) simulators. Unfortunately, the use of EM simulators consumes an important quantity of time and resources. Thereby, this thesis is devoted to improve some of the aspects that slow down the synthesis process of inductors. Therefore, an ‘ab initio’ technique for the meshing of planar radio frequency and microwave circuits is described. The technique presented can evaluate the losses in the component with a high accuracy just in few seconds where an electromagnetic simulator would normally last hours. Likewise, a simple bisection algorithm for the synthesis of compact planar inductors is presented. It is based on a set of heuristic rules obtained from the study of the electromagnetic behavior of these planar devices. Additionally, design of a single-ended to differential low noise amplifier (LNA) in a CMOS technology is performed by using the methods and tools described.
L'enginyeria de radiofreqüència i la tecnologia de microones han assolit un desenvolupament inimaginable i avui en dia formen part de la majoria de les nostres activitats diàries. Probablement, la tecnologia mòbil ha tingut un desenvolupament més ràpid que qualsevol altre avenç tecnològic de l'era digital. Avui en dia, podem dir que el paradigma de la mobilitat s'ha assolit i tenim accés ràpid a internet des de qualsevol lloc on podem estar amb un dispositiu de butxaca. No obstant això, encara hi ha fites per endavant. Es més que probable que el paradigma de l’ "ambient intelligence” sigui el centre dels pròxims avenços en les tecnologies sense fils. A diferencia del paradigma de l"ambient intelligence', l'evolució de la tecnologia de la informació mai ha tingut l'objectiu explícit de canviar la societat, sinó que ho van fer com un efecte secundari, en canvi, les visions d' “ambient intelligence” proposen expressament el transformar la societat mitjançant la connexió completa i la seva informatització. Per tant, l'augment de la demanda de dispositius de ràdio freqüència (RF) i de les seves possibles aplicacions representa, no només un repte per a les indústries tecnològiques per millorar els seus plans de treball, sinó també per als enginyers de RF que hauran de dissenyar dispositius de baixa potència, més robusts, de mida petita i de baix cost. Quant a la robustesa dels dispositius, en els últims anys, les topologies de tipus diferencial han adquirit una important rellevància per la seva immunitat natural al soroll i resistència a les interferències. Dins d'aquest marc, un dispositiu de nports diferencial, encara pot ser tractat com un dispositiu 2nx2n i la teoria clàssica d'anàlisi de circuits (és a dir, la temia de quadripols) es pot aplicar a través de paràmetres Z, Y, h o els paràmetres S, més adequats en el camp de freqüència de ràdio. Tot i això, Bockelman i Eisenstadt introdueixen els paràmetres S mixtos, que expressen més adequadament el comportament diferencial i en mode comú de dispositius simètrics o asimètrics. Des de llavors, aquests paràmetres s'han utilitzat amb un grau variable d'èxit, com es mostrarà, principalment a causa d'una mala interpretació. D'aquesta manera, la primera part d'aquesta tesi està dedicada a estendre la teoria dels paràmetres S de mode mixt i proposa la metodologia d'anàlisi d'aquest tipus de dispositius i circuits. D'aquesta forma, en el Capítol 2, es desenvolupa el cas més simple d'un dispositiu de dos ports. En resoldre aquest cas simple, la major part de les mancances de la teoria actual es posen de relleu. Com a exemple, pennet la caracterització i la comparació de bobines simètriques i espiral no simètriques, que han estat un punt de controvèrsia fins ara. Després de resoldre aquest cas, al Capítol 3 s'estén la teOIia a un dispositiu de n-ports dels quals un nombre pot ser single-ended i la resta diferencials. És en aquest moment quan la dualitat existent entre els paràmetres S estàndard i de mode mixt es pot veure clarament i es destaca en el seu conjunt. Aquesta teoria permet, tanmateix, estendre la teoria clàssica d'amplificadors quan s'analitzen per mitjà de paràmetres S. Un altre punt clau en el desenvolupament ràpid i de baix cost dels dispositius de radiofreqüència és l'avenç en les eines CAD ràpides per a l'anàlisi i síntesi dels dispositius passius, en especial dels inductors. Aquests dispositius apareixen tot sovint en el disseny de radio freqüència degut a la seva gran versatilitat. Tot i que hi ha hagut múltiples intents de reemplaçar amb components externs o circuits, fins i tot actius, en el cas de les tecnologies de silici, els inductors planars s'han convertit en les formes més populars per la seva integrabilitat. No obstant això, el disseny d'inductors implica conèixer i posseir una experiència profunda no només en el comportament d'aquests dispositius, però també en l'ús de simuladors electromagnètics (EM). Desafortunadament, l'ús dels simuladors EM consumeix una quantitat important de temps i recursos. Per tant, la síntesi dels inductors representa un important inconvenient actualment. D'aquesta manera, la segona part d'aquesta tesi està dedicada a millorar alguns dels aspectes que frenen el procés de síntesi dels inductors. Per tant, en el Capítol 4, es descriu una tècnica 'ab initio' de generació de la malla per bobines planars en ràdio freqüència i microones. La tècnica es basa en l'estudi analític dels fenòmens d'aglomeració de corrent que tenen lloc a l'interior del component. En aquesta avaluació, no es requereix una solució explícita dels corrents i de les càrregues arreu del circuit. Llavors, el nombre de cel•les de la malla assignades a una tira de metall donada, depèn del valor inicialment obtingut a partir de l'estudi analític. La tècnica presentada pot avaluar les pèrdues en el component amb una gran precisió només en uns pocs segons, quan comparat amb un simulador electromagnètic normalment es necessitaria hores. De la mateixa manera, en el Capítol 5 es presenta un senzill algoritme de bisecció per a la síntesi d'inductors planars compactes. Es basa en un conjunt de regles heurístiques obtingut a partir de l'estudi del comportament electromagnètic d'aquests dispositius planars. D'aquesta manera, el nombre d'iteracions es manté moderadament baix.D'altra banda, per tal d'accelerar l'anàlisi en cada pas, s'utilitza un simulador ràpid electromagnètic planar, el qual es basa en el coneixement que es té del component sintetitzat. Finalment, en el Capítol 6, la metodologia de paràmetres S de mode mixt proposada i les eines CAD introduides s'utilitzen àmpliament en el disseny d'un amplificador de baix soroll “single-ended” a diferencial (LNA), mitjançant una tecnologia estàndard CMOS.L'amplificador de baix soroll és un dels components claus en un sistema de recepció de radio freqüència, ja que tendeix a dominar la sensibilitat i la figura de soroll (NF) de tot el sistema. D'altra banda, les característiques d'aquest circuit estan directament relacionades amb els components actius i passius disponibles en una tecnologia donada. Per tant, la tecnologia escollida, el factor de qualitat dels passius, i la forma com es caracteritzen tindran un alt impacte en les principals figures de mèrit del circuit real.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

16

Rensfelt, Olof. "Tools and methods for evaluation of overlay networks." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för datorteknik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-85836.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Overlay networks is a popular method to deploy new functionality which does not currently exist in the Internet. Such networks often use the peer-to-peer principle where users are both servers as well as clients at the same time. We evaluate how overlay networks performs in a mix of strong and weak peers. The overlay system of study in this thesis is Bamboo, which is based on a distributed hash table (DHT). For the performance evaluation we use both simulations in NS-2 and emulations in the testbed PlanetLab. One of our contributions is an NS-2 implementation of the Bamboo DHT. To simulate nodes joining and leaving, NS-2 is modified to be aware of the identity of overlay nodes. To control experiments on PlanetLab we designed Vendetta. Vendetta is both a tool to visualize network events and a tool to control the individual peer-to-peer nodes on the physical machines. PlanetLab does not support bandwidth limitations which is needed to emulate weak nodes. Therefore we designed a lightweight connectivity tool called Dtour. Both the NS-2 and PlanetLab experiments indicate that a system like Bamboo can handle as much as 50% weak nodes and still serve requests. Although, the lookup latency and the number of successful lookups suffer with the increased network dynamics.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

17

Bylund, Nicklas. "Models methods and tools for car body development /." Luleå, 2002. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1757/2002/15.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

18

Woksepp, Stefan. "Virtual reality in construction : tools, methods and processes." Doctoral thesis, Luleå : Division of Structural Engineering, Department of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 2007. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1544/2007/49/.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

19

Pillac, Victor. "Dynamic vehicle routing : solution methods and computational tools." Phd thesis, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742706.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Within the wide scope of logistics management,transportation plays a central role and is a crucialactivity in both production and service industry.Among others, it allows for the timely distributionof goods and services between suppliers, productionunits, warehouses, retailers, and final customers.More specifically, Vehicle Routing Problems(VRPs) deal with the design of a set of minimal costroutes that serve the demand for goods orservices of a set of geographically spread customers,satisfying a group of operational constraints.While it was traditionally a static problem, recenttechnological advances provide organizations withthe right tools to manage their vehicle fleet in realtime. Nonetheless, these new technologies alsointroduce more complexity in fleet managementtasks, unveiling the need for decision support systemsdedicated to dynamic vehicle routing. In thiscontext, the contributions of this Ph.D. thesis arethreefold : (i) it presents a comprehensive reviewof the literature on dynamic vehicle routing ; (ii)it introduces flexible optimization frameworks thatcan cope with a wide variety of dynamic vehiclerouting problems ; (iii) it defines a new vehicle routingproblem with numerous applications.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

20

Nobrand, Hambeck Erika. "Feasibility study of flow analysis methods and tools." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154994.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Scania CV is one of the leading manufacturer of trucks in the world. Beside the truck business Scania also manufactures buses and industrial engines. A new logistic concept at Scania means major change regarding material flow to the productions lines and today Scania is lacking a tool to analyse these material flows. The underlying hypothesis is that with a tool that could analyse logistic material flows the design of new logistic flows would be more efficient and have a better quality. A case-study was done with the tool Flow Planner and in parallel interviews with logistics engineers to find out how they are working today. The conclusion is that an analysis tool similar to Flow Planner might have a positive effect on the lead time for changing the design of material flows and could therefore be one link in the chain when striving for higher flexibility. Flow Planner can model all the different Scania standard deliv-ery methods but the output gives only a part of the information that is needed in example configura-tion of the train carts. Flow Planner can give an overview of the plant and the traffic flow within the plant. It can also contribute to more accurate risk analysis concerning the congestion of traffic in plant. A weakness of Flow Planner is that forklifts and tugger trains cannot be modelled together. A risk that was exposed during the case study is that input data has errors that will give a result that is not valid. The part of the case study that was performed with data from Oskarhamn only includes on the tug-ger train delivery of units. To get a complete picture of Flow Planners capabilities and limitations it would be preferable to make similar case-studies with real data for kit, sequence and batch also.Recommendations for the continued work is to make a requirement specification to clearly define the Scania requirements and evaluate several tools.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

21

Hammar, Karl. "Content Ontology Design Patterns : Qualities, Methods, and Tools." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Interaktiva och kognitiva system, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139584.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Ontologies are formal knowledge models that describe concepts and relationships and enable data integration, information search, and reasoning. Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) are reusable solutions intended to simplify ontology development and support the use of semantic technologies by ontology engineers. ODPs document and package good modelling practices for reuse, ideally enabling inexperienced ontologists to construct high-quality ontologies. Although ODPs are already used for development, there are still remaining challenges that have not been addressed in the literature. These research gaps include a lack of knowledge about (1) which ODP features are important for ontology engineering, (2) less experienced developers' preferences and barriers for employing ODP tooling, and (3) the suitability of the eXtreme Design (XD) ODP usage methodology in non-academic contexts. This dissertation aims to close these gaps by combining quantitative and qualitative methods, primarily based on five ontology engineering projects involving inexperienced ontologists. A series of ontology engineering workshops and surveys provided data about developer preferences regarding ODP features, ODP usage methodology, and ODP tooling needs. Other data sources are ontologies and ODPs published on the web, which have been studied in detail. To evaluate tooling improvements, experimental approaches provide data from comparison of new tools and techniques against established alternatives. The analysis of the gathered data resulted in a set of measurable quality indicators that cover aspects of ODP documentation, formal representation or axiomatisation, and usage by ontologists. These indicators highlight quality trade-offs: for instance, between ODP Learnability and Reusability, or between Functional Suitability and Performance Efficiency. Furthermore, the results demonstrate a need for ODP tools that support three novel property specialisation strategies, and highlight the preference of inexperienced developers for template-based ODP instantiation---neither of which are supported in prior tooling. The studies also resulted in improvements to ODP search engines based on ODP-specific attributes. Finally, the analysis shows that XD should include guidance for the developer roles and responsibilities in ontology engineering projects, suggestions on how to reuse existing ontology resources, and approaches for adapting XD to project-specific contexts.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

22

Parker, Caroline. "Bridging the gap : user centred design and support methods for decision support systems in crop production." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7180.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This thesis suggests that there is a problem with technology transfer in crop production. The nature of the problem and the mechanisms available to the agricultural research sector for solving it are examined. As a consequence it is argued that Decision Support Systems (DSS) technology is an extremely useful mechanism for encapsulating and delivering scientific knowledge to the industry. The thesis then poses the question of why this technology is not currently being taken up by farmers and farm consultants, hypothesising that the current lack of user involvement in design is a major contributing factor. The hypothesis is supported by a survey of DSS development and use in agriculture and it is concluded that a user-centred design (UCD) approach is important to the successful adoption of these systems by the industry. The thesis then asks what methods the agricultural DSS developers should employ to ensure a user-centred design approach. It is suggested that it is not sufficient merely to point DSS producers in the direction of user centred design but to furnish them with adequate methods and tools to achieve this goal, bearing in mind their specific requirements and limitations and the nature of the decision support task. A review of currently available methods reveals that none of the standard methods meets this requirement and that a new approach is therefore needed. An approach supported by work from management science is introduced. This approach identifies the user's questions to the system as a means of defining its function and features. Its use in the context of workshops is developed into a user centred design method to meet all of the requirements for the designer stakeholders. The question approach is also used as the basis of ä method for identifying DSS interface requirements and collating design solutions. Both methods are presented as mechanisms for improving the acceptance of DSS in the sector. The document concludes by discussing the contribution made by the thesis to its originating disciplines and looks forward to the future of DSS technology in crop production.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

23

Mukherji, Shritama. "Exploring torque and deflection response characteristics to evaluate the ergonomics of DC torque tools via a tool test rig." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1203919089.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

24

Mallory, Richard Smith. "Tools for explaining complex qualitative simulations /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

25

Törlind, Peter. "Distributed engineering : tools and methods for collaborative product development." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Innovation och Design, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26705.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Engineering design is fundamentally social, requiring much interaction and communication between the people involved. Additionally, good design often relies upon the ability of a cross-functional team to create a shared understanding of the task, the process, and the respective roles of its members. Coordination and exchange of information between participants in a distributed product development team is technically difficult and time consuming, where different locations and time zones further complicate communication. It is therefore important to provide tools and methods so that a geographically distributed design team can also collaborate as co- located teams do. Successful teamwork in geographically distributed teams is not only dependent on formal meetings; they are also highly dependent on tools that support informal communication, such as opportunistic and spontaneous interaction. Such informal communication is responsible for much of the information flow in an organisation. A distributed engineering environment must support many forms of collaboration: formal meetings with high quality videoconferencing, brainstorming sessions where people use their body language and whiteboards to clarify their ideas, and informal and mobile communication. This thesis presents a distributed engineering environment that uses broadband conferencing, shared multimedia, shared whiteboards, application sharing, and a distributed virtual reality environment for sharing engineering information. The system also supports lightweight informal communication such as the web based contact portal combining several information channels in one place, e.g. e-mail archives, awareness cameras, diaries, instant messaging, and SMS. The Contact Portal is the natural starting point for initiating and maintaining contact with remote team members. The thesis also presents how mobility support for distributed collaborative teamwork can be designed. The physical environment where the collaboration is done is also very important; the design of several types of collaboration environments is presented and evaluated, from high end studios to low end personal workspaces. The development of the environment is based on several case studies of distributed work where the tools have been used and evaluated in a realistic environment in close collaboration with several industrial companies such as Volvo Car Corporation, Conex, Hägglunds Drives and Alkit Communications.
Godkänd; 2002; 20061110 (haneit)

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

26

Törlind, Peter. "Distributed engineering : tools and methods for collaborative product development /." Luleå, 2002. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2002/32.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

27

Ginbayashi, Jun. "Formal methods and tools for systems analysis and design." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294381.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

28

Novak, Daniel Marcell. "Methods and tools for preliminary low thrust mission analysis." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3338/.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The aim of the present thesis is to develop new methods that are useful for a space mission analyst to design low thrust trajectories in the preliminary phases of a mission study, where the focus is more on exploring various concepts than on obtaining one optimal transfer. The tools cover three main axes: generating low thrust trajectories from scratch, improving existing low thrust trajectories and exploring large search spaces related to multiple gravity assist transfers. Stress is put on the computational efficiency of the tools. Transfer arcs are generated with shaped based approaches, which have the advantage of having the ability to reproduce close to optimal transfers satisfying time of flight constraints and varied boundary constraints without the need for propagation. This thesis presents a general framework for the development of shape-based approaches to low-thrust trajectory design. A novel shaping method, based on a three-dimensional description of the trajectory in spherical coordinates, is developed within this general framework. Both the exponential sinusoid and the inverse polynomial shaping are demonstrated to be particular two-dimensional cases of the spherical one. The pseudo-equinoctial shaping is revisited within the new framework, and the nonosculating nature of the pseudo-equinoctial elements is analysed. A two-step approach is introduced to solve the time of flight constraint, related to the design of low-thrust arcs with boundary constraints for both spherical and pseudo-equinoctial shaping. The solutions derived from the shaping approach are improved with a feedback linear-quadratic controller and compared against a direct collocation method based on finite elements in time. Theoretical results are given on the validity of the method and a theorem is derived on the criteria of optimality of the results. The shaping approaches and the combination of shaping and linear-quadratic controller are tested on four case studies: a mission to Mars, a mission to asteroid 1989ML, to comet Tempel-1 and to Neptune. The design of low thrust multiple gravity assist trajectories is tackled by an incremental pruning approach. The incremental pruning of reduced search spaces is performed for decoupled pairs of transfer legs, after which regions of the total search space are identified where all acceptable pairs can be linked together. The gravity assists are not powered therefore the trajectory is purely low thrust and the transfer arcs are modelled by shaping functions and improved with the linear quadratic controller. Such an approach can reduce the computational burden of finding a global optimum. Numerical examples are presented for LTMGA transfers from Earth to asteroid Apollo and to Jupiter.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

29

Ahmad, Abbas. "Model-Based Testing for IoT Systems : Methods and tools." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD008/document.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

L'internet des objets (IoT) est aujourd'hui un moyen d'innovation et de transformation pour de nombreuses entreprises. Les applications s'étendent à un grand nombre de domaines, tels que les villes intelligentes, les maisons intelligentes, la santé, etc. Le Groupe Gartner estime à 21 milliards le nombre d'objets connectés d'ici 2020. Le grand nombre d'objets connectés introduit des problèmes, tels que la conformité et l'interopérabilité en raison de l'hétérogénéité des protocoles de communication et de l'absence d'une norme mondialement acceptée. Le grand nombre d'utilisations introduit des problèmes de déploiement sécurisé et d'évolution du réseau des IoT pour former des infrastructures de grande taille. Cette thèse aborde la problématique de la validation de l'internet des objets pour répondre aux défis des systèmes IoT. Pour cela, nous proposons une approche utilisant la génération de tests à partir de modèles (MBT). Nous avons confronté cette approche à travers de multiples expérimentations utilisant des systèmes réels grâce à notre participation à des projets internationaux. L'effort important qui doit être fait sur les aspects du test rappelle à tout développeur de système IoT que: ne rien faire est plus cher que de faire au fur et à mesure
The Internet of Things (IoT) is nowadays globally a mean of innovation and transformation for many companies. Applications extend to a large number of domains, such as smart cities, smart homes, healthcare, etc. The Gartner Group estimates an increase up to 21 billion connected things by 2020. The large span of "things" introduces problematic aspects, such as conformance and interoperability due to the heterogeneity of communication protocols and the lack of a globally-accepted standard. The large span of usages introduces problems regarding secure deployments and scalability of the network over large-scale infrastructures. This thesis deals with the problem of the validation of the Internet of Things to meet the challenges of IoT systems. For that, we propose an approach using the generation of tests from models (MBT). We have confronted this approach through multiple experiments using real systems thanks to our participation in international projects. The important effort which is needed to be placed on the testing aspects reminds every IoT system developer that doing nothing is more expensive later on than doing it on the go

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

30

Schmitt, Peter (Peter Alfons). "originalMachines : developing tools and methods for object-oriented mechatronics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67761.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. [161]-166).
The digital revolution has fundamentally changed our lives by giving us new ways to express ourselves through digital media. For example, accessible multimedia content creation tools allow people to instantiate their ideas and share them easily. However, most of these outcomes only exist on-screen and online. Despite the growing accessibility of digital design and fabrication tools the physical world and everyday objects surrounding us have been largely excluded from a parallel explosion of possibilities to express ourselves. Increasingly, webbased services allow professional and non-professional audiences to access computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) tools like 3D-printing and laser-cutting. Nonetheless, there are few (if any) design tools and methods for creating complex mechanical assemblies that take full advantage of CAM systems. Creating unique mechatronic artifacts or "originalMachines" requires more specific and sophisticated design tools than exist today. "Object-Oriented Mechatronics" is a parametric design approach that connects knowledge about mechanical assemblies and electronics with the requirements of digital manufacturing processes. Parametric instances like gears, bearing and servos are made available as objects within a CAD environment which can then be implemented into specific projects. The approach addresses the missing link between accessible rapid-manufacturing services and currently available design tools thereby creating new opportunities for self-expression through mechatronic objects and machines. The dissertation matches mechanical components and assemblies with rapid manufacturing methods by exploring transferability of conventional manufacturing techniques to appropriate rapid manufacturing tools. I rebuild various gearing and bearing principles like four-contact point bearings, cross roller bearings, spur and helical gears, planetary gears, cycloidal and harmonic gear reducers using the laser cutter, the CNC-mill and the 3D-printer. These explorations lead to more complex assemblies such as the PlywoodServo, 3DprintedClock and 3-DoF (Degree of Freedom) Head. The lessons from these explorations are summarized in a detailed "cook book" of novel mechatronic assemblies enabled by new fabrication tools. Furthermore, I use the results to develop a CAD tool that brings together several existing software packages and plug-ins including Rhino, Grasshopper and the Firefly experiments for Arduino, which will allow animation, fabrication and control of original machines. The tool is an example of an object-oriented design approach to mechatronic assemblies. A user calls a DoF (Degree of Freedom) object (parametric servo) with specific parameters like gearing and bearing types, motor options and control and communication capabilities. The DoF object then creates the corresponding geometry which can be connected and integrated with other actuators and forms. A group of roboticists and designers participated in a workshop to test the tool and make proposals for original machines using the tool. The dissertation has contributions on multiple levels. First, the actuator assembly examples and parametric design tool present a body of novel work that illustrates the benefits of going beyond off-the-shelf actuator assemblies and kit-of-parts for robotic objects. Second, this tool and the accompanying examples enable the design of more original machines with custom actuator assemblies using the latest digital fabrication tools. Finally, these explorations illustrate how new CAD/ CAM tools can facilitate an exchange between more design-oriented users and more engineering-oriented users.
by Peter Schmitt.
Ph.D.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

31

Al-Solbi, Ali Nasser. "Evaluating and improving e-readiness assessment methods and tools." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426344.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Developing countries have realised that if they fail to provide an adequate infrastructure and knowledge base, then they risk falling behind both economically and socially in the emerging networked world. In this context, e-readiness assessment tools can help in the formulation of national action plans for both developed and developing countries. The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive tool to assess e-readiness in developing countries, in particular in the Arab ones, to improve e-readiness processes and to benefit from the use of information and communications technology. Specifically, this research: compares the current e-readiness assessment tools, identifies the crucial factors and steps needed for generating a comprehensive tool to measure e-readiness in developing countries and suggests how to improve e-readiness assessment in these countries with special reference to Saudi Arabia where the research was carried out. An important part of this study has been the design and development of a new ereadiness tool to assess e-readiness in the developing countries. A total of nine ereadiness factors were studied to investigate e-readiness in order to develop the new tool: ICT Infrastructure, Access to Skilled Workforce, Knowledgeable People, Culture, E-government and Policy, E-economy and E-commerce, Competitiveness, Cost of Living and E-health. These factors consist of 132 variables. Although the selection of the factors and their variables was based on literature and consultations with professionals in the ICT field, the tool was modified by using statistical tests on 87 of the variables. To test the new tool, a total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to Saudi organisations across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia but only 87 organisations (48 public and 39 private sector organisations) responded. Then, 30 interviews with ICT managers were carried out to explore in more detail ICT issues such as the level of e-readiness in the whole country, e-commerce, ICT strategy, the role of the government, ICT managers as decisions-makers, e-health and the barriers that prevent the development of ICT infrastructure over the whole country. E-readiness indices based on the mean of respondents' answers were calculated for the nine e-readiness factors using five scales measure in which one equalled poor and five equalled excellent. In general, the tool found that five out of the eight e-readiness factors i.e. e-governance and policy, knowledgeable people, ICT infrastructure, eeconomy and e-commerce, and access to skilled workforce had indices values which varied approximately between the average i.e. 3 and less than 3.45 for the public sector, private sector and for the whole country. Factors such as e-health. cost of living, and culture have indices values below the average and vary approximately between 1.810 and 2.800. In order to evaluate and test the new e-readiness tool. the researcher used it to assess an e-readiness score for the Saudi private and public sectors and for the whole country. This found their indices were 2.815, 3.038 and 2.917 respectively. The test result was also compared with existing e-readiness tools which had been used on other developing countries. It was seen that the new e-readiness tool was more accurate and more reliable as it was based on newly collected data from the country surveyed rather than on statistical information from international organisations.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

32

Sehloho, Nobaene Elizabeth. "An indoor positioning system using multiple methods and tools." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2288.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
Recently, the deployment and availability of wireless technology have led to the development of location and positioning services. These Location Based Services (LBSs) are attracting the attention of researchers and mobile service providers. With the importance of ubiquitous computing, the main challenge seen in the LBS is in the mobile positioning or localization within reasonable and certain accuracy. The Global Positioning System (GPS), as a widely known and used navigation system, is only appropriate for use in outdoor environments, due to the lack of line-of-sight (LOS) in satellite signals that they cannot be used accurately inside buildings and premises. Apart from GPS, Wi-Fi is among others, a widely used technology as it is an already existing infrastructure in most places. This work proposes and presents an indoor positioning system. As opposed to an Ad-hoc Positioning System (APS), it uses a Wireless Mesh Network (WMN). The system makes use of an already existing Wi-Fi infrastructure. Moreover, the approach tests the positioning of a node with its neighbours in a mesh network using multi-hopping functionality. The positioning measurements used were the ICMP echo requests, RSSI and RTS/CTS requests and responses. The positioning method used was the trilateral technique, in combination with the idea of the fingerprinting method. Through research and experimentation, this study developed a system which shows potential as a positioning system with an error of about 2 m – 3 m. The hybridization of the methods proves an enhancement in the system though improvements are still required

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

33

Kilianson, Nicole, Annie Larsson, and Ramona Lindholm. "Empowerment- Paternalism. A study about Försäkringskassans tools and methods." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24971.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Försäkringskassan har på sista tiden varit ett föremål för diskussioner i media. En stark negativ bild av myndighetens handläggare tenderar att framkomma ur mediala sammanhang. Samtidigt finns det en medvetenhet hos handläggarna kring vikten av att arbeta med hänsyn till individen. Studiens syfte är att studera de redskap och arbetssätt som används av Försäkringskassans handläggare i arbetslivsinriktad rehabilitering utifrån ett empowermentperspektiv. Vi gjorde en kvalitativ studie som bygger på intervjuer med nio handläggare på Försäkringskassan som arbetar med sjukpenningsärende på enheten fördjupad utredning. Vår uppsats visar att handläggarna lägger vikt på individen i rehabiliteringen då faktorer som information, bemötande, motivation och delaktighet är centrala i arbetet med individen. Vidare visar uppsatsen att det finns en variation i handläggarnas sätt att använda sig av regelverket i syfte att hjälpa individen. Empowerment som arbetssätt var upp till var och en handläggare att använda sig av. Trots detta kunde vi se drag av empowerment hos de flesta handläggare.
Authorities like Försäkringskassan have lately been discussed in the Swedish media. A negative picture has been painted about the personal administrative officers’ in media. Meanwhile there is awareness among the personal administrative officers about the importance of focusing on the individual. The study aimed to examine the tools and methods used by the personal administrative officers at Försäkringskassan working with vocational rehabilitation from an empowerment perspective. Our study is a qualitative study, build on interviews with nine personal administrative officers ‘who work with sickness compensation cases at the unit depth-investigation. Our paper shows that the personal administrative officers’ focus on the individual in the rehabilitation, factors like information, how the individual is treated by the personal administrative officers, motivation and participation are central in the work with the individual. The paper also shows that there is a variation in the personal administrative officers’ way of using the law in order to help the individual. Empowerment as a way of working was up to each personal administrative officer to use. Despite this, we could see the features of empowerment among most personal administrative officers.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

34

Frantz, Ferreira Felipe. "Architectural exploration methods and tools for heterogeneous 3D-IC." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ECDL0033/document.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

L'intégration tridimensionnelle (3D), où plusieurs puces sont empilées et interconnectées, est en train de révolutionner l'industrie des semi-conducteurs.Cette technologie permet d'associer, dans un même boîtier, des puces électroniques (analogique, numérique, mémoire) avec des puces d'autres domaines(MEMS, bio-capteurs, optique, etc). Cela ouvre de nombreuses voies d'innovation. Néanmoins, l'absence d'outils de conception assistée ordinateur(CAO) adaptés aux systèmes 3D freine l'adoption de la technologie.Cette thèse contribue à deux problématiques liées à la conception 3D : le partitionnement d'un système sur de multiples puces et l'optimisation hiérarchique de systèmes multiphysiques (hétérogènes).La première partie de la thèse est dédiée au problème de partitionner la fonctionnalité d'un système sur de multiples puces. Un outil de « floorplan » 3D a été développé pour optimiser ce partitionnement en fonction de la surface des puces, de la température d'opération du circuit et de la structure des interconnexions. Ce type d'outil étant complexe, nous proposons de régler ses paramètres de façon automatique par l'utilisation d'algorithmes évolutionnaires.Des résultats expérimentaux sur une suite de benchmarks et sur une architecture multi processeur connecté en réseau démontrent l'efficacité et l'applicabilité des techniques d'optimisation proposées.Dans la deuxième partie, nous présentons une méthodologie de conception hiérarchique qui est adaptée aux systèmes hétérogènes. La méthode combine une approche ascendante et descendante et utilise des courbes de compromis(Fronts de Pareto) comme une abstraction de la performance d'un circuit.La contribution principale de la thèse consiste à utiliser des techniques d'interpolation pour représenter les Fronts de Pareto par des fonctions continues et à leur intégration dans des processus d'optimisation classiques. Cela permet un gain en flexibilité lors de l'étape ascendante du flot (caractérisation) et un gain en temps lors de l'étape descendante (synthèse). Le flot de conception est démontré sur un amplificateur opérationnel ainsi comme sur la synthèse d'un lien optoélectronique avec trois niveaux hiérarchiques
3D integration technology is driving a strong paradigm shift in the design of electronic systems. The ability to tightly integrate functions from different technology nodes (analog, digital, memory) and physical domains (MEMS, optics, etc) offers great opportunities for innovation (More than Moore). However, leveraging this potential requires efficient CAD tools to compare architectural choices at early design stages and to co-optimize multiphysics systems.This thesis work is divided into two parts. The first part is dedicated to the problem of partitioning a system into multiple dies. A 3D floorplanning tool was developed to optimize area, temperature and the interconnect structure of a 3DIC. Moreover, a meta-optimization approach based on genetic algorithms is proposed to automatically configure the key parameters of the floorplanner. Tests were carried out on architectural benchmarks and a NoC based multiprocessor to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed techniques.In the second part of the thesis, a hierarchical design methodology adapted to heterogeneous systems is presented. The method combines the bottom-up and top-down approaches with Pareto-front techniques and response surface modeling. The Pareto front of lower level blocks are extracted and converted into predictive performance models that can be stored and reused in a top-down optimization process. The design flow is demonstrated on an operational amplifier as well as on the synthesis of an optoelectronic data link with three abstraction levels

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

35

Hogberg, Dan. "Ergonomics integration and user diversity in product design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7772.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Consideration of products' ergonomic qualities is one important component for successful product development. Product designers engaged in the core activity of product development need methods that support the consideration of ergonomics along with other product requirements. This thesis aims to address these needs. The first part of the thesis investigates how people working within product development organisations communicate with and about users of their products. The general need for methods to support communication of user aspects in product development is identified through formal interviews with product developers and a review of the management, ergonomics and design literature. The second part of the thesis studies the factors which affect the integration of ergonomics in product design. Supportive methods, including User Characters, for evoking user consideration among designers together with Overlapping methods for scheduling ergonomics evaluation in product design processes are introduced and argued. The third part of the thesis reviews and discusses computer aided ergonomics as a means for integration of ergonomics in product design. A web-based support system for effective employment of human simulation tools is developed using a participative approach and evaluated based on the system's usability. The objective of the fourth part of the thesis is to study how human simulation tools can aid designers' consideration of human diversity to accommodate users of diverse anthropometric characteristics in multivariate design problems such as automobile cockpits. The work involves the evaluation of different approaches for the generation of specific manikin families which can be used as test groups for fitting trials in the virtual design process. The research demonstrates enhancements in design methodology knowledge to support integration of ergonomics in product design processes with a focus on anthropometric diversity in vehicle design.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

36

Kamusella, Christiane. "Digitale Ergonomie-Tools zur Berücksichtigung ergonomischer Aspekte im Produktentstehungsprozess." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-228110.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Gesetzliche Vorschriften verlangen bei Konstruktion und Inverkehrbringen von Maschinen die Beachtung einer wachsenden Anzahl von Normen und Richtlinien. Zunehmend spielt ebenso die Einhaltung ergonomischer Standards sowohl für den Gesetzgeber als auch für die Kunden eine immer wichtigere Rolle. Die Umsetzung dieser Forderungen gestaltet sich für Konstrukteure durch die Vielzahl von Vorschriften in unterschiedlichsten Quellen schwierig, insbesondere in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen. Die ergonomiegerechte Konstruktion von Maschinen wird in Zukunft, unabhängig von der Unternehmens- und Auftragsgröße, ein wichtiger Erfolgsfaktor für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit jedes Unternehmens im Maschinenbau sein. Konstrukteure stehen insbesondere vor der Aufgabe, Gesundheitsrisiken für das Bedienpersonal frühzeitig zu erkennen, Belastungssituationen abzuschätzen, ergonomische Problembereiche zu identifizieren und mit geeigneten konzeptuellen Lösungen zu begegnen. Dafür spielen Ergonomiebewertungen innerhalb von Risikoanalysen eine entscheidende Rolle. Ergonomiegerecht konstruierte Maschinen bieten marktrelevante Vorteile für den Hersteller. Neben der Reduzierung von Folgekosten durch Nachrüsten, Service und Support spielt die erhöhte Kundenzufriedenheit eine wichtige Rolle.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

37

Augustine, Joyal, and Steven Simons. "Improving the surface finish of the rubber weight plate : Master thesis in mechanical engineering." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-45005.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Flash is the unwanted or excessrubber material that presents on the outersurface of themolded rubber product. This will affect the surface finish; it is a cosmetic defect andit can be removed. It forms because of the leak or the excess molded rubber materialbetween the surface of the mold, typically on the parting line, (Jordan Anderson,2014). The presence of flash will reduce customer satisfaction. There are manymethods to remove the flash. The method is selected according to the degree of flashextension and the location where it occurs.The project aims to design a semi/full automated machine, which helps for having asmooth and fine surface finish of the weight plates. These plates are made up of rubberfor the ELEIKO group. The weight plates have different weights from 10 to 20 kg,but the diameter of each plate stays the same, but the thickness will be different foreach plate. The machine should be designed that removes all the excess rubber andshould smoothen the outer surface of the weight. The purpose of this work is to gainknowledge about different product development methods, respective tools, andtechniques that are used. The machine should be user- friendly, should not becomplicated, should not damage the workpiece (marks or trace of the blade), shouldnot put the employer in danger, and economically feasible.This report presents the progress of designing of the product, product development,methods, and literature study. The designed model can construct in the industry fortheir problem they are faced by the flash. The model is very simple and unique so thateveryone can perform the task without any previous experience. Material alternativeswere evaluated as well as manufacturing possibilities. The designed machine was theoffered for free as means for further research and development. Keywords: flashing, additive manufacturing, Ullman method, Pugh matrix, rubberweight plates, lever arm, smoothening tool.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

38

Rullmann, Markus. "Models, Design Methods and Tools for Improved Partial Dynamic Reconﬁguration". Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-61526.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Partial dynamic reconﬁguration of FPGAs has attracted high attention from both academia and industry in recent years. With this technique, the functionality of the programmable devices can be adapted at runtime to changing requirements. The approach allows designers to use FPGAs more efﬁciently: E. g. FPGA resources can be time-shared between different functions and the functions itself can be adapted to changing workloads at runtime. Thus partial dynamic reconﬁguration enables a unique combination of software-like ﬂexibility and hardware-like performance. Still there exists no common understanding on how to assess the overhead introduced by partial dynamic reconﬁguration. This dissertation presents a new cost model for both the runtime and the memory overhead that results from partial dynamic reconﬁguration. It is shown how the model can be incorporated into all stages of the design optimization for reconﬁgurable hardware. In particular digital circuits can be mapped onto FPGAs such that only small fractions of the hardware must be reconﬁgured at runtime, which saves time, memory, and energy. The design optimization is most efﬁcient if it is applied during high level synthesis. This book describes how the cost model has been integrated into a new high level synthesis tool. The tool allows the designer to trade-off FPGA resource use versus reconﬁguration overhead. It is shown that partial reconﬁguration causes only small overhead if the design is optimized with regard to reconﬁguration cost. A wide range of experimental results is provided that demonstrates the beneﬁts of the applied method
Partielle dynamische Rekonfiguration von FPGAs hat in den letzten Jahren große Aufmerksamkeit von Wissenschaft und Industrie auf sich gezogen. Die Technik erlaubt es, die Funktionalität von progammierbaren Bausteinen zur Laufzeit an veränderte Anforderungen anzupassen. Dynamische Rekonfiguration erlaubt es Entwicklern, FPGAs effizienter einzusetzen: z.B. können Ressourcen für verschiedene Funktionen wiederverwendet werden und die Funktionen selbst können zur Laufzeit an veränderte Verarbeitungsschritte angepasst werden. Insgesamt erlaubt partielle dynamische Rekonfiguration eine einzigartige Kombination von software-artiger Flexibilität und hardware-artiger Leistungsfähigkeit. Bis heute gibt es keine Übereinkunft darüber, wie der zusätzliche Aufwand, der durch partielle dynamische Rekonfiguration verursacht wird, zu bewerten ist. Diese Dissertation führt ein neues Kostenmodell für Laufzeit und Speicherbedarf ein, welche durch partielle dynamische Rekonfiguration verursacht wird. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie das Modell in alle Ebenen der Entwurfsoptimierung für rekonfigurierbare Hardware einbezogen werden kann. Insbesondere wird gezeigt, wie digitale Schaltungen derart auf FPGAs abgebildet werden können, sodass nur wenig Ressourcen der Hardware zur Laufzeit rekonfiguriert werden müssen. Dadurch kann Zeit, Speicher und Energie eingespart werden. Die Entwurfsoptimierung ist am effektivsten, wenn sie auf der Ebene der High-Level-Synthese angewendet wird. Diese Arbeit beschreibt, wie das Kostenmodell in ein neuartiges Werkzeug für die High-Level-Synthese integriert wurde. Das Werkzeug erlaubt es, beim Entwurf die Nutzung von FPGA-Ressourcen gegen den Rekonfigurationsaufwand abzuwägen. Es wird gezeigt, dass partielle Rekonfiguration nur wenig Kosten verursacht, wenn der Entwurf bezüglich Rekonfigurationskosten optimiert wird. Eine Anzahl von Beispielen und experimentellen Ergebnissen belegt die Vorteile der angewendeten Methodik

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

39

Abugessaisa, Imad. "Analytical tools and information-sharing methods supporting road safety organizations." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, GIS - Geografiska informationssystem, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11596.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

A prerequisite for improving road safety are reliable and consistent sources of information about traffic and accidents, which will help assess the prevailing situation and give a good indication of their severity. In many countries there is under-reporting of road accidents, deaths and injuries, no collection of data at all, or low quality of information. Potential knowledge is hidden, due to the large accumulation of traffic and accident data. This limits the investigative tasks of road safety experts and thus decreases the utilization of databases. All these factors can have serious effects on the analysis of the road safety situation, as well as on the results of the analyses. This dissertation presents a three-tiered conceptual model to support the sharing of road safety–related information and a set of applications and analysis tools. The overall aim of the research is to build and maintain an information-sharing platform, and to construct mechanisms that can support road safety professionals and researchers in their efforts to prevent road accidents. GLOBESAFE is a platform for information sharing among road safety organizations in different countries developed during this research. Several approaches were used, First, requirement elicitation methods were used to identify the exact requirements of the platform. This helped in developing a conceptual model, a common vocabulary, a set of applications, and various access modes to the system. The implementation of the requirements was based on iterative prototyping. Usability methods were introduced to evaluate the users’ interaction satisfaction with the system and the various tools. Second, a system-thinking approach and a technology acceptance model were used in the study of the Swedish traffic data acquisition system. Finally, visual data mining methods were introduced as a novel approach to discovering hidden knowledge and relationships in road traffic and accident databases. The results from these studies have been reported in several scientific articles.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

40

Purwanto, Alex. "User research and opportunities for innovation : Exploring methods and tools." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för visuell information och interaktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296643.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

First-class software engineering is no longer enough for an information system product to gain success on a market. Developing successful information system products has become a challenging practice that requires an understanding of those who are going to use the products. As product innovation has become the lifeblood of companies competing in the fast- paced IT industry, the end users have ultimately become those who determine the success of these type of products. User research is conducted to gather insights of users’ contexts, behaviors and feelings when using products. It can be practiced to explore how to create products and features that end users will find useful. This thesis examines how methods and tools used in user research can expose opportunities for innovation. The study was conducted by a literature study and a case study, where user research methods were put to practice to discover opportunities for creating a concept for a new product. Emphasis was also put on studying how to provide utility when developing a new product. The case study was performed over a four month period at an e- commerce company called Swiss Clinic in Stockholm, Sweden. The study shows that opportunities for innovation in user research occur in the interplay between business, user research discoveries and iterative design and that effective communication and artifacts play essential parts for innovating successfully.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

41

Lindahl, Mattias. "Engineering Designers' Requirements on Design for Environment Methods and Tools." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-236.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

42

Abugessaisa, Imad-Eldin Ali. "Analytical tools and information-sharing methods supporting road safety organizations /." Linköping : Department of Computer and Information Science, Linköpings University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11596.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

43

Moody, Shirley A. "Methods and tools for modelling linear and integer programming problems." Thesis, Brunel University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239161.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

44

Wilcock, Reuben. "Switched-current filters and phase-locked loops : methods and tools." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416917.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

45

Mintchev, Elisabeth. "Investigation of Methods and Tools to Profile a Virtual Platform." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-285546.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In the embedded system development industry, virtual platforms are used heavily for emulating the target hardware to shorten the testing phase and obtain a faster time-to-market for the product. To make the virtual platforms better performing in respect of time, an increased observability of the system is necessary. Tools and techniques for increased visibility exist but their uses have not been documented for virtual platforms yet. This thesis examines the existing tools available and use them in a case study of Ericsson’s SVP startup time. A simplified version of the SVP has been used to perform the profiling and tracing. The parameters - modules, registers and sockets - are analyzed as they determine the size of the virtual platform. These parameters are used while profiling the platform to find a correlation between the startup time and their respective quantity. Using the profiling and tracing tools on the studied virtual platform, it is possible to determine the correlation between the startup time and the parameters. From the results obtained, the cost of creation of one unit of module, register and socket can be determined. For a large size virtual platform with an important amount of communication between the modules, the results obtained from the case study show it is beneficial to use the IP-XACT register with a static top. Additionally, the profiling and tracing help to explain delays such as processes waiting to be killed. These results can be utilized to make virtual platforms more time efficient and to identify and troubleshoot bottlenecks.
Virtuella plattformar som emulerar hardvara i inbyggda system anvands ofta under utveckling av produkter, for att minska tiden for testning och for att korta produkternas marknadsledtid. En okad observerbarhet ar nodvandig for att optimera de virtuella plattformarnas prestanda. Verktyg och metoder for okad observerbarhet finns tillgangliga, men deras anvandning for virtuella plattformar ar annu inte dokumenterad. Detta examensarbete undersoker tillgangliga verktyg, och anvander dem i en fallstudie for starttiden for Ericssons SVP. En forenklad version av SVP har anvants for att profilera och samla in data. Parametrarna – moduler, register och socketar – utvarderas eftersom de avgor storleken pa den virtuella plattformen. Dessa parametrar anvands for profilering av plattformen, med syfte att finna korrelation mellan starttiden och vardet pa respektive parameter. Det ar mojligt, genom anvandning av verktygen for profilering och insamling av data pa den aktuella virtuella plattformen, att bestamma korrelationen mellan starttiden och parametrarna. Resultaten kan anvandas for att visa hur kostnaden for att skapa en enhet av respektive modul, register och socket, kan bestammas. Resultaten fran fallstudien visar att det ar fordelaktigt, for en stor virtuell plattform med mycket kommunikation mellan modulerna, att anvanda IP-XACT register och en statisk topp-konfiguration. Profileringen och insamlingen av data har aven anvants for att forklara fordrojningar i samband med nedstangnin av processer. Resultaten kan anvandas for att gora virtuella plattformar mer tidseffektiva, och for flaskhalsar.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

46

Shu, Guoqiang. "Formal Methods and Tools for Testing Communication Protocol System Security." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211333211.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

47

Lind, Carl. "Assessment and design of industrial manual handling to reduce physical ergonomics hazards : – use and development of assessment tools." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Ergonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-206951.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Despite efforts of reducing harmful physical ergonomics exposures related to manual handling, the occurrence of heavy or repetitive manual handling, and non-neutral postures is high in many occupational sectors. To reduce these exposures, interventions and job design strategies can utilize risk assessment. A need was identified of an observation-based tool which supported occupational health and safety practitioners for assessments of risk factors related to manual handling. The aim of this thesis was to explore the use and important usability-related aspects of observation-based assessment tools among professional ergonomists, and to develop new research based assessment and screening tools, to present their scientific basis and to evaluate their reliability and usability. A web-based questionnaire was employed to gain knowledge on the use and usability aspects of risk assessment tools among ergonomists in Sweden. The assessment tools RAMP I and RAMP II were developed in an iterative process, including literature searches, expert group judgments, and with input from more than 80 practitioners. The reliability and usability evaluations included assessments and ratings by practitioners. The thesis points to a low use of several internationally spread assessment tools among Swedish ergonomists, and a relatively higher use of tools promoted by the Swedish Work Environment Authority. Several usability-related aspects were identified as important, such as being easy and quick to use, its ability to communicate and visualize the results, and its ability to facilitate improvement measures. The developed tools support assessment of a broad range of risk factors related to manual handling. The thesis supports that assessments with acceptable reliability can be achieved for the majority of items of the two developed tools. The thesis supports that the tools are usable in supporting risk assessments targeting risk factors related to industrial manual handling.
Trots ansträngningar för att minska belastningsergonomiska exponeringar relaterade till manuell hantering är förekomsten av exponering av riskkällor såsom tung eller repetitiv manuell hantering, obekväma arbetsställningar, hand–armvibrationer och helkroppsvibration omfattande inom flera sektorer. Dessa belastningsergonomiska exponeringar tros i betydande utsträckning bidra till en stor andel av arbetsrelaterade muskuloskeletala besvär och arbetssjukdomar inom flera sektorer som exempelvis tillverkningsindustrin. Riskbedömningar kan användas inom det förebyggande arbetet kopplat till interventioner eller arbetsutformning för att minska dessa skadliga exponeringar (risk faktorer), vilket även är ett krav om arbetet innefattar manuell hantering eller andra riskkällor. Trots det stora antalet observationsbaserade bedömningsverktyg utvecklade för att stödja riskbedömningar av arbete som innefattar manuell hantering identifierades ett behov av ett nytt observationsbaserat bedömningsverktyg som stödjer praktiker i utförliga bedömningar av flertalet riskfaktorer relaterade till manuell hantering och som ger stöd i det systematiska arbetsmiljöarbetet. Syftet med avhandlingen är att utforska användningen av, och viktiga användbarhetsrelaterade aspekter av observationsbaserade bedömningsverktyg bland professionella ergonomer som arbetar i Sverige. Dessutom är syftet även att utveckla nya forskningsbaserade screeningverktyg och bedömningsverktyg, presentera deras forskningsbas samt att utvärdera deras reliabilitet och användbarhet. En webbaserad enkät användes för att inhämta kunskap om i vilken omfattning dessa verktyg används av professionella ergonomer och vilka användbarhetsrelaterade aspekter som ansågs särskilt betydelsefulla för dessa verktyg. För att utveckla de nya verktygen (dvs. RAMP I och RAMP II) genomfördes litteratursökningar för att identifiera kvantitativt beskrivna riskfaktorer relaterade till manuell hantering och betydelsefulla faktorer som påverkar arbetstagares kapacitet vid manuell hantering. Verktygen utvecklades i en iterativ process med input från mer 80 praktiker, varav mer än 30 professionella ergonomer, samt expertgruppsbedömning. De två verktygen utvärderades med avseende deras interbedömarreliabilitet utifrån bedömningar genomförda av ergonomer och ingenjörer/tekniker utifrån videofilmade arbeten inom industriell manuell hantering. Verktygens användbarhet utvärderas av 20 praktiker med en pappersenkät och verktygens ’användarvänlighet’ av 22 ergonomer. Avhandlingen pekar på en relativt låg proportionell användning av flera internationellt spridda bedömningsverktyg bland professionella ergonomer som arbetar i Sverige, och en relativt hög proportionell användning av bedömningsverktyg som stöds av Arbetsmiljöverket. Flera användbarhetsrelaterade aspekter identifierades som betydelsefulla bland ergonomerna, i synnerhet betydelsen av att bedömningsverktygen är enkla och snabba att använda, deras förmåga att kommunicera och visualisera resultatet av bedömningar, och deras förmåga att stödja åtgärdsarbetet. Det utvecklade screeningverktyget och bedömningsverktyget stödjer bedömning av flertalet riskfaktorer relaterade till industriell manual hantering. Avhandling ger stöd att majoriteten av verktygens bedömningspunkter har acceptabel interbedömarreliabilitet och förbättringsområden för verktygen har identifierats. Avhandling ger stöd att de två utvecklade verktygen är användbara vid riskbedömningar av belastningsergonomiska riskfaktorer relaterade till industriell manual hantering.

QC 20170510

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

48

Llamas, Rodríguez Manuel José. "Design Automation methods and tools for building Digital Printed Microelectronics Circuits." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457967.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

La electrónica orgánica/impresa está continuamente creciendo en interés, con la aparición de nuevas propuestas y aplicaciones. Este tipo de tecnologías no pretenden competir directamente con las que provienen de la industria tradicional basada en Silicio, sino que tienen como propósito complementarla con nuevos dispositivos que proporcionen ciertas ventajas en determinadas situaciones, ya sea en términos de coste u otras. Sin embargo, en lo que se refiere al campo del procesado digital queda mucho trabajo por hacer para, paulatinamente, ir siguiendo los pasos del modelo ‘fabless’ que rige el mercado de semiconductores actual. Este modelo consiste en la deslocalización entre los equipos de diseño y los fabricantes. Respecto a dicho progreso me refiero no solo a las mejoras que acontecen a nivel de procesos de fabricación, sino también en el campo de la automatización de los procesos de diseño. Nuestro grupo de investigación concibió una novedosa estrategia para producir, de manera eficiente, diseños de circuitos digitales para electrónica impresa, basados en lo que denominamos Inkjet-configurable Gate Arrays, aprovechando las ventajas de la impresión digital. Estos Inkjet Gate Arrays consisten en matrices de transistores sobre sustratos flexibles que, una vez conectados mediante impresión digital, conforman puertas lógicas; las cuales, en su conjunto, materializan circuitos. El trabajo presentado en esta tesis se centra en una etapa específica de cualquier flujo de diseño común de circuitos integrados, llamada síntesis física. En concreto, este trabajo proporciona una novedosa metodología para resolver el problema de ubicar y conectar, ‘Placement and Routing’, los circuitos sobre las mencionadas matrices de transistores, teniendo en cuenta su rendimiento, y con independencia de la tecnología de fabricación. Se aborda la manera de cómo tratar con tecnologías impresas diferentes, que puedan presentar distintos niveles de rendimiento, normalmente debidos a la alta variabilidad intrínseca a los procesos de fabricación actuales. En tales casos, un factor clave para asegurar que la colocación de los circuitos sea funcionalmente correcta es poder procesar de manera efectiva la información sobre la distribución de fallos de las matrices. Además del concepto de mapeo según el rendimiento, la novedosa heurística aquí propuesta proporciona la capacidad de personalizar los circuitos, lo que permite mayor flexibilidad en su construcción, dependiendo de distintas razones u objetivos posibles (p. ej. congestión). Esta metodología no solo es conveniente para los primeros pasos que, en la actualidad, se están llevando a cabo en el desarrollo de prototipos de circuitos digitales para la electrónica orgánica, sino que también es escalable hacia nuevas mejoras en el rendimiento de las tecnologías de fabricación, así como en tamaños y densidad de integración.
Organic/Printed Electronics are, day by day, increasing on interest, as new applications are being proposed and developed. This kind of technologies do not intend to compete directly with the Silicon-based well-established industry, but rather to complement it with new devices that are advantageous for certain situations, whether in terms of cost or others. However, in the digital processing domain there is still much work to be done to, slowly but steadily, follow the steps of the conventional fabless model that rules today’s semiconductor market. I am referring not only to progresses at fabrication level, but also on the field of Electronic Design Automation. Our research group conceived a novel strategy to efficiently produce Printed Electronics digital circuit designs based on what we called Inkjet-configurable Gate Arrays, which takes advantage of digital printing techniques. The Inkjet Gate Arrays consist in matrices of transistors over flexible substrates that, after being connected by digital printing techniques, they describe logic gates, and thus circuits. The work presented in this dissertation targets a specific stage of any common Integrated Circuit design flow, referred to as physical synthesis. Specifically, my contribution provides a new approach to the Placement and Routing problem, where circuits are mapped onto the Inkjet Gate Arrays in a technology independent yield-aware manner. I tackle the issue of dealing with different Printed Electronics technologies that might present distinct yield properties, usually due to the intrinsic high variability of current fabrication processes. In such cases, being able to effectively process the IGA’s fault distribution information is key to ensure that the mapped circuits will be capable of working correctly, from a functional perspective. In addition to the yield awareness concept, the circuit personalization capabilities of the novel P&R heuristic proposed herein allow more mapping flexibility, depending on different possible reasons/purposes (e.g. congestion). This approach is not only convenient for today’s first steps of digital circuit prototyping over Organic Electronics, but also scalable to future technological improvements at yield level, and on sizes and integration density.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

49

Ruiz, Arenas Carlos 1990. "Methods and bioinformatic tools to study polymorphic inversions in complex diseases." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666582.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Las inversiones cromosómicas son variantes estructurales donde un segmento de ADN cambia su orientación. Las inversiones cromosómicas reducen la recombinación homóloga y producen diferentes haplotipos en los cromosomas estándar e invertidos. Como resultado, influyen en la adaptación y la selección y desempeñan un papel en la susceptibilidad a las enfermedades humanas. Las inversiones se pueden estudiar con métodos experimentales y bioinformáticos. Los datos de SNP array se pueden usar para determinar genotipos de inversión mediante el uso de diferencias de haplotipos entre cromosomas invertidos y estándares. Sin embargo, estos métodos no están optimizados para grandes cohortes (con miles de individuos, como dbGaP o UK Biobank). Además, los métodos actuales solo pueden genotipar las inversiones con dos haplotipos y la clasificación es difícil de armonizar entre cohortes. Finalmente, se conoce que las inversiones cromosómicas afectan la expresión génica y la metilación del ADN. Sin embargo, no existen métodos precisos para evaluar globalmente el efecto de las inversiones en la expresión génica local o la metilación del ADN. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es desarrollar nuevos métodos robustos y escalables así como herramientas bionformáticas para estudiar los efectos fenotípicos y funcionales de las inversiones cromosómicas, superando las limitaciones existentes. Con este fin, he desarrollado un nuevo método para genotipar las inversiones cromosómicas que se puede usar en grandes cohortes, con inversiones con múltiples haplotipos y que utiliza haplotipos de referencia que permite el análisis conjunto de múltiples cohortes. En segundo lugar, he implementado un método multivariante basado en el análisis de la redundancia para estudiar los efectos de las inversiones cromosómicas en la metilación del ADN y la expresión génica locales. A continuación, he aplicado ambos métodos para estudiar el papel de las inversiones cromosómicas en dos grupos de enfermedades complejas: trastornos del neurodesarrollo y cáncer. Finalmente, he desarrollado un nuevo método para estudiar cómo las inversiones cromosómicas afectan los patrones de recombinación. Este método es aplicable a cualquier región genómica que contenga subpoblaciones con diferentes patrones de recombinación, lo que permite asociar estas subpoblaciones a rasgos fenotípicos.
Chromosomal inversions are structural variants where a segment changes its orientation. Chromosomal inversions reduce homologous recombination, producing different haplotypes in standard and inverted chromosomes. As a result, they influence adaptation and selection and play a role in susceptibility to human diseases. Inversions can be studied using experimental and bioinformatic methods. SNP array data can be used to call inversion genotypes by using haplotype differences between inverted and standard chromosomes. However, these methods are not optimized for large cohorts (thousands of individuals from existing databases such as dbGaP or UK Biobank). Also, current methods can only genotype inversions with two haplotypes and the inversion calling is difficult to be harmonized among cohorts. Finally, it is recognized that chromosomal inversions affect gene expression and DNA methylation. However, there are no accurate methods to globally assess the effect of inversions on local gene expression or DNA methylation. The main aim of this thesis is to develop new robust and scalable methods and bioinformatic tools to study the phenotypic and functional effects of chromosomal inversions by overcoming the existing limitations. To this end, I have developed a new method to genotype chromosomal inversions that can be used in large cohorts, inversions with multiple haplotypes and that uses reference haplotypes allowing the integrative analysis of multiple cohorts. Second, I have implemented a multivariate method based on redundancy analysis to study the effects of chromosomal inversions on local DNA methylation and gene expression. Then, I applied both methods to study the role of chromosomal inversions in two groups of complex diseases: neurodevelopmental disorders and cancer. Finally, I developed a new method to study how chromosomal inversions affect recombination patterns. This method is extendable to any genomic regions containing subpopulations with different recombination patterns, allowing associating these subpopulations to phenotypic traits.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

50

Carlsson, Mats. "Methods and computer based tools for handling medical terminologies and classifications /." Linköping : Univ, 2000. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2000/tek645s.pdf.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Дисертації з теми "Ergonomics tools and methods"

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями