Дисертації з теми "Épistémologie – Féminisme"
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Ferey, Camille. "Une justification épistémique pragmatiste de la démocratie : connaissance et participation politique en contexte inégalitaire : de John Dewey à la philosophie féministe contemporaine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100101.
Повний текст джерелаPhilosophical justifications of democracy are defined as “epistemic” when they claim democracy’s capacity to develop social knowledge and problem-solving. However, such an epistemic justification puts political institutions at risk of defining efficiency as opposed to democratic participation. Do social knowledge and problem-solving involve reducing the scope of political participation? Relying on John Dewey’s philosophy, I argue that such an opposition can be overcome. In order to do so, I provide a new reading of his pragmatist epistemology, through contemporary critical epistemology’s main insights, especially standpoint theories and the theory of epistemic injustice. Drawing on this epistemological framework as well as on several case studies (the French Climate Convention, the Argentinian popular census of homeless people and the Chilean constitutional process) I claim that efficiency and participation are co-dependent. I provide an analysis of the pragmatist concept of inquiry that sheds light on its democratic components. Firstly, I highlight how pragmatist inquiry on social problems requires deepening democratic practices. Secondly, I focus on the democratic outputs of such an account of knowledge, examining how it can contribute to a better understanding of the experiences of oppressed groups.Relying on this epistemological stance, I develop a pragmatist-feminist approach to political institutions. Firstly, I discuss and argue against epistocratic practices and theories, defended by both Walter Lippmann and Jason Brennan. Secondly, I sketch an account of democratic deliberation. I argue that pragmatist epistemic standards relevantly contribute to feminist critiques of Habermas’ account. I especially examine and defend the consistency of Iris Marion Young’s model of communicative democracy in the light of such standards. Thirdly, I focus on political representation, providing a pragmatist-feminist account of its democratic deepening based on John Dewey, Nancy Fraser, Iris Marion Young and Jane Mansbridge. I examine the three main models of representatives’ selection: election, sortition and descriptive selection. I argue that the pragmatist frame provides a distinctive argument in favor of descriptive selection, while avoiding this model’s main shortcomings.My epistemic approach to democracy aims at providing tools to improve democratic institutions on both political and epistemic levels. Moreover, it also contributes to update Dewey’s philosophy by confronting it to current philosophical and political issues. Finally, it promotes a stronger integration of critical epistemology into the normative political philosophy of democracy
Grino, Claire. "Corps, genre et nouvelles technologies biomédicales : reconfigurations antinaturalistes au sein des théories féministes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26834.
Повний текст джерелаThe biological materiality of the human body has become an object of unprecedented interventions through “new biomedical technologies” as medically assisted procreation, genetic tests, or hormonal contraception. This thesis interrogates the difficulties inherent to anti-naturalist approaches in order to address the biological dimension of sexed bodies. “One is not born a woman, one becomes one”, but is this also true for the body? The analytical frames of materialist or deconstructivist feminism cannot cease the modalities through which biomedical technologies invest the flesh. Do biomedical technologies make constructivist approaches obsolete through the revenge of a biological – hormonal, genetic, molecular – ground that tops the anatomical effects of socialization? Partisans of a feminist “material turn” seem to think so. After analyzing how the molecular biology revolution changes the very concept of nature in defining it as “life itself”, I offer an alternative interpretation by defining biomedical technologies as technologies of power that stem from a molecular biopolitics of gender. Instead of overturning constructivist perspectives, these new social mediations (residing on a new epistemic paradigm) help understanding a shift in what has been seen as the limits of gender. This shift creates unprecedented identities, experiences and subjectivities of gender. In exposing the coordinates of the biomedical apparatus, this comparative study between disciplinary techniques and molecular biopolitics of gender pleads for a renewed anti-naturalist critique that takes the form of a critique of technology in order to allow for a collective appropriation of biomedical technologies.
Benoit, Audrey. "Le matérialisme discursif : pour une critique féministe de la construction idéologique du "sexe"." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H229.
Повний текст джерелаThis analysis starts by pointing out a reluctance in the French Marxist reception of Judith Butler's feminist theories, mainly those regarding the discursive construction of « sex » by «gender». This apparent conflict between materialism and constructivism encourages us to look upstream for a materialistic solution to the epistemological issue of the conceptual construction of «facts». By getting back at the root of Marx, one can indeed show that his thought has provided input into Althusser's and Foucault's reflections for the development of a materialistic approach of discourse, which may be qualified as contructivist. In the light of Canguilhem's historical epistemology, some philosophical kinship between Althusser and Foucault takes shape, which provides a previously unseen posterity to Marx : the examination of two features of «discursive materialism» in Foucault's archeology and in Althusser's epistemology enables to make null and void the empiricist objections at the idea of a discursive construction of «sex». The goal is to pro vide a philosophical junction between Marxist materialism and queer theory, by highlighting a tradition of thought which combines the contributions of historical epistemology and materialism, and which takes seriously into consideration the production of nature and body by discourse. The goal is to provide Butler's theory with the means to be heard as a materialistic account, and in return to specify for marxism what it might gain when this theory challenges the given facts
Stoffel, Sophie. "Institutionnalisation du féminisme et représentation politique: le cas du Chili depuis la fin des années 1980." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210489.
Повний текст джерелаDoctorat en sciences politiques
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Puig, De La Bellacasa Maria. "Think we must: politiques féministes et construction des savoirs." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211101.
Повний текст джерелаDans la première partie, après avoir introduit le sens que donnent à la pratique « politique » certaines traditions féministes, nous présentons différentes entrées des critiques féministes des savoirs scientifiques :la critique de l'exclusion historique des femmes de la production des savoirs et des sciences et l’examen critique des préjugés sexistes intervenant dans les contenus et les critères de validation des connaissances (théorie de la connaissance ou épistémologie).
La deuxième partie de la thèse propose une lecture d’auteures anglophones qui ont abordé les sciences à partir d’une perspective féministe et qui ont développé des propositions qui encouragent à la reconnaissance active du caractère partiel et situé de toute construction de savoir. Nous abordons, plus précisément :les théories sur l’incidence épistémologique de points de vue et positionnements féministes (standpoints) ;le travail de la philosophe Sandra Harding spécialement sa conceptualisation d’une « objectivité forte » ;et la conception des « savoirs situés » dans le travail de l’historienne de la biologie Donna Haraway. Ces propositions de politiques du savoir sont aussi abordées dans l’optique de montrer les problèmes spécifiques qu’elles rencontrent quand elles s’adressent aux savoirs de la tradition scientifique expérimentale.
Une question traverse la thèse :Comment ces critiques et propositions tiennent-elles compte de la diversité des pratiques spécifiques de construction des savoirs ?Alors même que le cœur des propositions féministes qui nous intéressent est de situer les savoirs dans leur spécificité reste à savoir comment ces mêmes politiques féministes résistent à se désituer à savoir, à emprunter les formes d'une théorie générale pour aborder les pratiques singulières. Prendre en compte de la spécificité des pratiques exige en outre d’envisager les auteures féministes au travail dans les pratiques et problèmes singuliers qui les intéressent, et ainsi montrer la richesse de ce courant de pensée.
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation philosophie
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Bouchemal, Kamila. "Épistémologies et écritures du corps postcolonial dans les œuvres de Gisèle Pineau, Malika Mokeddem et Jamaica Kincaid." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080024.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes a new aesthetic of the female body through the analysis of texts of three migrant contemporary authors: Malika Mokeddem, Gisèle Pineau and Jamaica Kincaid. Postcolonial and feminist reading of the three authors reveal a body deficiency. The study of their works shows a body in crisis. Therefore, it is urgent to historicize it, but also to reinvent it.This thesis undertakes an epistemological reflection in their texts, in order to re-work the body. It aims at putting the female body into History, replacing it in the memory, remaking the genealogies and renewing the affiliations, reviving the women’s network and revolutionizing the subject of transmission. The analysis of mechanisms and tools of race and gender domination, helps to understand the different forms of resistance, and to identify the different exit strategies. Finally this work proposes to renew the body by diverting the discursive power and the patriarchal and imperialist rhetoric, through a counter-speech, decolonized and depatriarchalized. And also reinvent the body out of the dialectic of power, opening a postbody space/language
Bouchemal, Kamila. "Épistémologies et écritures du corps postcolonial dans les œuvres de Gisèle Pineau, Malika Mokeddem et Jamaica Kincaid." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080024.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis proposes a new aesthetic of the female body through the analysis of texts of three migrant contemporary authors: Malika Mokeddem, Gisèle Pineau and Jamaica Kincaid. Postcolonial and feminist reading of the three authors reveal a body deficiency. The study of their works shows a body in crisis. Therefore, it is urgent to historicize it, but also to reinvent it.This thesis undertakes an epistemological reflection in their texts, in order to re-work the body. It aims at putting the female body into History, replacing it in the memory, remaking the genealogies and renewing the affiliations, reviving the women’s network and revolutionizing the subject of transmission. The analysis of mechanisms and tools of race and gender domination, helps to understand the different forms of resistance, and to identify the different exit strategies. Finally this work proposes to renew the body by diverting the discursive power and the patriarchal and imperialist rhetoric, through a counter-speech, decolonized and depatriarchalized. And also reinvent the body out of the dialectic of power, opening a postbody space/language
Palmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire : effets politiques des usages de l'internet par des organisation de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881026.
Повний текст джерелаPalmieri, Joelle. "Genre et société numérique colonialitaire - Effets politiques des usages de l'Internet par des organisations de femmes ou féministes en contexte de domination masculine et colonialitaire : les cas de l'Afrique du Sud et du Sénégal." Phd thesis, Institut d'études politiques de Bordeaux, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00709266.
Повний текст джерелаDell'Omodarme, Marco Renzo. "Pour une épistémologie des savoirs situés : de l'épistémologie génétique de Jean Piaget aux savoirs critiques." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010553/document.
Повний текст джерелаJean Piaget sought to produce a genetic epistemology, that is a psychology that allowed for a qrasp of subjects' cognitive structures at different stages of their devetopment. As such his work provides a new understanding of structuralism, one grounded not in language but in action. Focused on the emergence of cognitive structures in children, his researcn shows how these structures are organized by the retationship the child entertains with the epistemic community in which he or she grows This implies that the rutes and standards that regulate this community are inseparable from processes though which knowledqe comes into beilng.This thesis proposes an analvsis of Piaqet's experiments, their protocols and accounts, that proceeds from the assumption that as a social practice scientific research is not immune to the relationships that organize social space. Cognitive antnropology, the ethnography of learning and theories of distributed cognition provided rnodels for understanding the socio-cognitive dynamics that can account for the epistemic context of genetic epistemolgy. ln this light, situated knowledges denvlnq from feminist and decolonial epistemotogies appear as paroxysmal versions of Piaget's model. Indeed, this research shows that genetic epistemology contains an implicit reflection on the social distribution of. and differential access to knowledge which nurtured critical epistemologies. It argues that the co-creation of epistemic structures and communities far frorn beinq a limit to the constitution of human knowledge may be seen as simply circumscribing the context of its emergence as a psychological experience
Génuit, Philippe. "La criminalité féminine : une criminalité épicène et insolite : réflexions d'épistémologie et d'anthropobiologie clinique." Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198603/fr/.
Повний текст джерелаFemale criminality is questioned in this thesis under the angle of clinical epistemology. The clinical reference of epistemology is here that of the theory of the mediation initiated by Jean Gagnepain. This thesis considers female criminality by putting in prospect biology, psychopathology and sociology. Initially the specificity of female in the sexuation and sexuality is considered, then in the crime. The thesis is that the kinds female and male are structurally epicenes, and that the biological sexual difference is reintroduced conjoncturalement in the policy. The policy in the majority of the countries and civilizations except old Egypt and the Scandinavian countries, always registered the woman in situation of undervalued and strange, even of anybody incomplete. The construction of knowing about the female armature to analyze the anthropological conditions of the development. A census of the methods of construction of female in antiquity follows, through the myths and the social condition of the woman. This prospect allows a comparison of the determination of female, as weIl as masculine, and beyond the mythical and scientific modes of the anthropological determination. The second part proposes an analysis located in the institution al fascinating one charges the criminal woman of it. Institutional that Jean Gagnepain names modular capacity, gathering the didactic one, the therapeutic one and the legal one. The third and last part is devoted to the clinical illustrations of the assumptions
Cheklab, Myriam. "Basculer vers des pédagogies décoloniales : regards, chemins et horizons croisés entre des communautés nasa en Colombie et des descendant.es de colonisé.es en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021PA080134.
Повний текст джерелаThe starting point of this research seeks to decolonize educational, pedagogical and research highlighting alternative epistemologies and modes of existence, based on experiences from the South. Decolonizing is understood as an epistemological shift that unties hegemonic colonial patterns of Western modernity. Patterns that inhabit our ways to the world and thus are present within all educational spaces. …/…The research focuses on decolonial pedagogical practices of Abya Yala. These are understood within the plurality of pedagogical expressions that arise from struggles against colonialism and globalized capitalism. They appear to be an exploratory path in order to overcome numerous limitations often set within the frames of forms of critical pedagogy such as French popular education, which is rooted in the legacy of eurocentrism. …/…The purpose of the research to connect experiences of land recuperation and Nasa community education in the Cauca region in Colombia, with voices of educators and activists of colonized descent in France. …/…The first part of the manuscript aims to develop a critical reading of academic coloniality within research practices and calls for decolonial forms of research. The second part develops a re-reading of the history of the colonized and their struggles, intertwined with the history of French popular education, revealing the whiteness of the latter and the silencing processes to which the former are subjugated. The third and last part, mainly based on practical experiences, highlights shifting points in the thinking of education and pedagogy from a décolonial perspective
Le, Bodic Cédric. "Deux paradigmes pour une rencontre manquée : approches de la différence des sexes et leur mise en examen exploratoire en criminologie." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00428527.
Повний текст джерелаMayer, Stéphanie. "Du "nous femmes" au "nous féministes" : l'apport des critiques anti-essentialistes à la non-mixité organisationnelle." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4279/1/M12221.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDufour-Villeneuve, Laurence. "L’objectivité comme posture éthique dans l’onto-épistémologie de Donna Haraway : réponse au problème de l’objectivité en épistémologie féministe." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25482.
Повний текст джерелаThis master’s thesis is a presentation and interpretation of the epistemology of the feminist philosopher Donna Haraway, as well as a contribution to her influence. First, we address the dilemma that opposes two major types of critical reactions to the notion of objectivity as it is traditionally conceived: feminist reappropriations of objectivity on the one hand, and a form of radical "postmodern" constructivism that denies the possibility of access to the real world and to an objective positioning on the other hand. We use this tension to highlight the original way in which Haraway overcomes it, and to clarify the notion of embodied objectivity that lies at the heart of her theoretical approach. To do so, we put her in dialogue with two of her privileged interlocutors, Nancy Hartsock and Bruno Latour. Secondly, we adopt a posture of internalist interpretation and attempt to establish the conceptual matrix in which the notion of embodied objectivity as promoted by Haraway takes on meaning. We will then attempt to isolate and define the most important concepts involved in her approach, without questioning its resolutely non-systematic character. The last stage of our analysis consists in testing the conceptual apparatus that we have developed by applying Haraway's epistemological device to a precise object of knowledge (the fetus) in order to show concretely the type of gains, in terms of knowledge and understanding, to which her epistemology gives access.
Depelteau, Julie. "Subjectivité, différence, interconnexion et affiliation : les théorisations de Gloria E. Anzaldúa contre l'exclusion." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3911/1/M11983.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDurocher, Myriam. "Exploration de la culture alimentaire biomédicalisée québécoise : de l'alimentation « saine » à la production de corps différenciés." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23929.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis presents, from a cultural studies perspective, a critical and situated (Haraway, 1988) exploration of Quebec’s contemporary food culture and of the various definitions of “healthy” food it produces and renders effective. More precisely, I analyse the power relationships that inform its development as well as those taking form and effectivity through the knowledge and practices constitutive of healthy food (and its multiple forms and modes of existence). Through critical analysis of the current Quebec food culture, I question the bodies, human and more-than-human ones, that are produced therein, and are differentiated by unequal power relationships. The analysis presented is the result of an embodied and dialogic ethnography following the methods of materials gathering and analysis suggested by Probyn (2016). The thesis is separated into three distinct, but interrelated, parts. The first part explores Quebec’s food culture, in which I am fully immersed. This part presents the food culture and the knowledge, practices, and events that it contributes to creating, as well as the multiplicity of healthy food definitions that emerge within it, according to their various contexts of emergence. Throughout this part, I highlight how particular kinds of knowledge are produced, articulated and legitimated, as well as how relationships involving and linking humans and more-than-humans are produced and conveyed. I demonstrate how all of these processes participate in the multiple modes of emergence of healthy food in Quebec. In the current food culture, healthy food is regularly thought and problematized in relationship to human bodies. The second part of the thesis presents my analysis of what I have called the biomedicalized food culture, attending especially to the relationships between bodies, food, and health it contributes to creating. I put at the forefront how the current food culture cannot be analysed without taking into account the contemporary “healthist” (Crawford, 1980) discourses that inform the manners by which bodies are put in relation to food, under health-oriented considerations. I mobilize the conceptual tools proposed by Clarke et al. (2010) on the biomedicalization of the social field to question how food and bodies are put in relation and problematized, in a context where health is a moral and individual objective to reach (Crawford, 1980; Lupton, 1997; Metzl et Kirkland, 2010). I criticize how the biomedicalized food culture limits the type of relationships that can take form and be considered between food and bodies, as well as the types of bodies that are produced and authorized. The third part of the thesis is concerned with the bodies, human and more-than-human ones, that are produced within the biomedicalized food culture, as much as by the power relationships that participate in their production and differentiation. By “produce”, I mean among other things how bodies are discursively defined, framed, controlled, etc.; evaluated, characterized, discriminated, excluded, stigmatized; materially produced (their corporeal materialities, their biology, etc.). I navigate between different manners of analysing their production as much as I explore the different types of bodies that are produced, drawing on reflections (and literatures) that apprehend and question them from various epistemologies.
Motoi, Ina. "Eurydice : pouvoir définir son vécu comme sexualité ou comme rapport prostitutionnel." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6629.
Повний текст джерелаChagnon, Katrie. "De la théorie de l'art comme système fantasmatique : les cas de Michael Fried et de Georges Didi-Huberman." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20473.
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