Готові списки джерел за темами / Enzymatically active

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Enzymatically active"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Enzymatically active"

Derkx, Frans H. M., and Maarten A. D. H. Schalekamp. "30. Enzymatically active plasma prorenin." Journal of Hypertension 9, no. 6 (December 1991): S434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199112000-00221.

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Derkx, Frans H. M., and Maarten A. D. H. Schalekamp. "30. Enzymatically active plasma prorenin." Journal of Hypertension 9 (1991): S434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004872-199112006-00221.

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Raaijmakers, Michiel J. T., Thomas Schmidt, Monika Barth, Murat Tutus, Nieck E. Benes, and Matthias Wessling. "Enzymatically Active Ultrathin Pepsin Membranes." Angewandte Chemie 127, no. 20 (March 16, 2015): 6008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201411263.

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Yu, Aimin, and Zhijian Liang. "Enzymatically active colloidal crystal arrays." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 330, no. 1 (February 2009): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2008.10.030.

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Raaijmakers, Michiel J. T., Thomas Schmidt, Monika Barth, Murat Tutus, Nieck E. Benes, and Matthias Wessling. "Enzymatically Active Ultrathin Pepsin Membranes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, no. 20 (March 16, 2015): 5910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201411263.

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Zhang, William H., Graham J. Day, Ioannis Zampetakis, Michele Carrabba, Zhongyang Zhang, Ben M. Carter, Norman Govan, Colin Jackson, Menglin Chen, and Adam W. Perriman. "Three-Dimensional Printable Enzymatically Active Plastics." ACS Applied Polymer Materials 3, no. 12 (November 15, 2021): 6070–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.1c00845.

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Becker, M., N. Provart, I. Lehmann, M. Ulbricht, and H. G. Hicke. "Polymerization of Glucans by Enzymatically Active Membranes." Biotechnology Progress 18, no. 5 (October 4, 2002): 964–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bp020013b.

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Brumm, Phillip, Spencer Hermanson, Becky Hochstein, Julie Boyum, Nick Hermersmann, Krishne Gowda, and David Mead. "Mining Dictyoglomus turgidum for Enzymatically Active Carbohydrases." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 163, no. 2 (July 16, 2010): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12010-010-9029-6.

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Müller, Werner E. G., Thorben Link, Heinz C. Schröder, Michael Korzhev, Meik Neufurth, David Brandt, and Xiaohong Wang. "Dissection of the structure-forming activity from the structure-guiding activity of silicatein: a biomimetic molecular approach to print optical fibers." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 33 (2014): 5368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb00801d.

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Ozdener, Fatih, Satya P. Kunapuli та James L. Daniel. "Expression of Enzymatically-active Phospholipase Cγ2 in E.coli". BMB Reports 35, № 5 (30 вересня 2002): 508–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2002.35.5.508.

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Дисертації з теми "Enzymatically active"

Jones, Mitchell. "Enzymatically active probiotic bacteria for topical and oral therapy." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103498.

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A novel approach whereby one can use probiotic bacteria for the purpose of topical and oral therapy is presented. More specifically, a treatment modality using enzymatically active probiotic production of gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) for wound healing, antimicrobial, cosmetic, and dermatologic therapy is presented. In another aspect, a probiotic treatment modality for metabolic disease and metabolic syndrome using nitrate reductase (NiR) active probiotic bacteria is explored. In concurrence to these requirements, several in-vitro methods are designed and discussed in this report. For some of these studies the use of alginate microcapsules is explored. Results show that probiotic patches can be used for the production of gNO above therapeutic levels and for therapeutic durations and that probiotic gNO-producing patches are highly bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and fungicidal. Results show that the novel gNO-producing probiotic patch can be used to improve wound healing and increase the likelihood of wound closure in ischemic and infected full-thickness dermal wounds in a New Zealand White Rabbit model and that daily application of the patch is safe with respect to body weight, blood morphology, haematology, blood biochemistry, and methemoglobin levels. Also, results show that novel NiR-active probiotic bacteria can be selected for nitrate reductase (NiR) activity in-vitro, and can be microencapsulated or delivered free under simulated GI conditions, and in the presence of various food matrices while maintaining NiR activity, confirming the lab scale feasibility of the approach in delivering the probiotic orally for treating hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric ulcers, diabetes and thrombosis. These findings may provide effective, safe, and less costly alternatives for delivering gNO topical and oral for therapy.
Une nouvelle approche selon laquelle on peut utiliser des bactéries probiotiques dans le but de la thérapie topique et de la thérapie par voie orale est présentée. Plus précisément, une modalité de traitement, utilisant des probiotiques à activité enzymatique produisant de l'oxyde nitrique gazeux (NOg) pour la cicatrisation des plaies, ainsi que comme thérapies antimicrobiennes, cosmétiques et dermatologiques, est présenté. Dans un autre aspect, une modalité de traitements probiotiques pour les maladies métaboliques et les syndromes métaboliques en utilisant du nitrate réductase (NiR) bactéries probiotiques actives est explorée. En accord à ces exigences, plusieurs méthodes in vitro sont conçus et discutés dans le présent rapport. Pour certaines de ces études l'utilisation de micro capsules d'alginate est explorée également. Les résultats montrent que les correctifs probiotiques peuvent être utilisés pour la production de NOg au-dessus des niveaux thérapeutiques et pour des durées thérapeutiques et que les patches de NOg-producteurs de probiotiques sont très bactériostatiques, bactéricide et fongicide. Les résultats montrent que les nouvelles patches de NOg producteurs de probiotiques peuvent être utilisés pour améliorer la cicatrisation et augmenter la probabilité de fermeture de la plaie dans les plaies de pleine épaisseur ischémique et infectés par voie cutanée dans un modèle néo-zélandais White Rabbit et que l'application quotidienne des patches est sécuritaire en proportion avec le poids du corps, la morphologie du sang, l'hématologie, biochimie sanguine, et les niveaux de méthémoglobine. En outre, les résultats montrent que les nouvelles NiR-bactéries probiotiques actives peuvent être sélectionnés pour la nitrate réductase (NiR) l'activité in vitro, et peut être micro encapsulées ou remis gratuitement dans des conditions simulées GI, et en présence de diverses matrices alimentaires, tout en maintenant l'activité NiR, confirmant ainsi la faisabilité échelle du laboratoire de l'approche dans la réalisation des probiotiques par voie orale pour le traitement de l'hypertension, les maladies inflammatoires de l'intestin, les ulcères gastriques, le diabète et la thrombose. Ces résultats peuvent s'avérer efficaces, sûrs, et des solutions moins coûteuses pour offrir NOg topiques et oraux pour le traitement.

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Dastoor, Farahad P. "Evaluation of pullulanase for secretion of enzymatically active heterologous cellulases as chimeric proteins from Klebsiella oxytoca." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0028/NQ38876.pdf.

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Maleki, Saber Haghighati. "Degradation of atrazine by soil consortia : characterization of enzymatically active fractions from cell bound and cell free enrichment cultures." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048376.

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Soil samples were collected from several corn fields with history of atrazine (herbicide) application. Samples were inoculated into Erlenmeyer flasks each containing 50m1 of minimal basal salts medium amended with 100 ppm atrazine as sole nitrogen source. Flasks were shaken at 200 rpm at ambient temperature and were examined daily for one week for microbial growth and/or disappearance of atrazine. Promising consortia were subcultured for further additional enrichments before characterization of potentially active protein (enzyme)fractions. Proteins from cell-free and cellbound fractions were compared for ability to denature atrazine. Following gel permeation chromatography, isolated protein fractions were examined for atrazinefound in the cell-bound fractions capable degrading degradation. Two were found in the cell-free fractions (approx. Mol. wts. 55kDa and 180kDa) and one (55 kDa) atrazine to hydroxyatrazine. Atrazine and its breakdown products (hydroxyatrazine in particular) were detected via HPLC using C18 and C8 columns with absorbance at 229 nm.
Department of Biology

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Ali, Irshad. "Electrochemical investigations of the interactive behavior of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH) with electrode surfaces: towards direct electrochemical regeneration of enzymatically-active NADH." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117104.

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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD(H) is a co-enzyme which participates in a large number of biochemical processes in which it acts as a hydrogen and electron carrier. Hence, NAD(H) is found in two redox forms: oxidized, NAD+, and reduced, 1,4-NADH. Despite its high potential industrial use, due to its very high cost (especially that of 1,4-NADH) and the need to be added in a biochemical reactor in stoichiometric quantities, its current use is very limited. Hence, there is a need to develop in-situ 1,4-NADH regeneration methods. Electrochemical methods are of particular interest because of their potentially low cost and easy product isolation. However, the major problem in the electrochemical regeneration of enzymatically-active 1,4-NADH is the formation of an enzymatically inactive dimer, NAD2. This PhD project focused on (i) the investigation of fundamental aspects of the interaction of NAD+ with a glassy carbon (GC) electrode surface, in terms of the NAD+ reduction kinetics and its adsorption, and on (ii) the development of electrodes for the direct (non-mediated) electrocatalytic regeneration of enzymatically active 1,4-NADH. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that under the experimental conditions employed, the NAD+ reduction reaction is under diffusion control, is irreversible (requires overpotential of more than -550 mV), and is of pseudo-first order with respect to NAD+. The kinetics of reduction of NAD+ on GC at a formal potential of the NAD+/NADH couple (-0.885 V) was found to be rather slow, and only moderately temperature dependent.It was determined that NAD+ is adsorbed on a GC electrode surface. The kinetics of NAD+ adsorption was found to be surface-charge dependent. The adsorption process was described by the Langmuir isotherm. The corresponding apparent Gibbs free energy of adsorption evidenced that the adsorption process is highly spontaneous. The influence of electrode potential and electrode material on the purity of regenerated 1,4-NADH was then investigated. It was found that the regeneration of 1,4 NADH from NAD+ in a batch electrochemical reactor employing non-modified electrodes (GC, Carbon Nanofibers /CNFs/, Ti, Ni, Co and Cd) is feasible. The purity (recovery) of 1,4-NADH regenerated on these electrodes was found to be highly potential- and material-dependant. The origin of the material/potential dependency was related to the strength of the metal-hydrogen (M-Hads) bond, and thus to the potential dependence of the Hads electrode surface coverage and the kinetics of the subsequent NAD-radical protonation by Hads. Among the above outlined non-modified electrodes, only GC and CNF electrodes were capable of producing the highest 1,4-NADH purity (99-100%), but at very high cathodic potentials (–2.3 V).Therefore, to produce high-purity 1,4-NADH at lower cathodic potentials, a GC electrode surface was patterned with electrochemically-deposited platinum and nickel nano-particles (NPs). It was demonstrated that when the GC electrode was patterned with Pt NPs, a 100% pure 1,4-NADH product was achieved at –1.6 V, while the Ni nano patterned GC surface gave 100% pure 1,4-NADH already at –1.5 V. The high purity of 1,4-NADH formed on the two nano-patterned electrodes was prescribed to the formation of Pt-Hads and Ni-Hads at significantly lower potentials than on bare GC and CNFs surfaces. It was found that purity of 1,4-NADH regenerated on the nano-patterned electrodes was dependent on the electrode potential, nano-particles size, and their surface coverage. Considering the energy input, the cost of the electrode, and the percentage of recovery of 1,4-NADH (i.e. its purity), the GC-Ni electrode was suggested as the electrode of choice for 1,4-NADH regeneration among all investigated electrodes (GC, CNF, Ti, Co, Cd, Ni, GC-Pt and GC-Ni).
Nicotinamide-adénine-dinucléotide NAD(H) est une coenzyme qui participe à un grand nombre de processus biochimiques dans lesquels elle agit comme une transporteuse d'électrons et d'atomes d'hydrogène. En dépit de sa forte utilisation potentielle dans l'industrie, son utilisation actuelle est très limitée à cause de son coût très élevé (en particulier celui du 1,4-NADH) et la nécessité d'être ajouté en quantités stœchiométriques dans les réacteurs biochimiques. Par conséquent, il est nécessaire de développer des méthodes de régénération in-situ du 1,4-NADH. Les méthodes électrochimiques sont d'un intérêt particulier en raison de leur coût potentiellement faible et l'isolement facile du produit. Cependant, le problème majeur dans la régénération électrochimique du 1,4-NADH est la formation d'un dimère enzymatiquement inactif, NAD2. Ce projet de doctorat est axé sur (i) l'étude des aspects fondamentaux de l'interaction du NAD+ avec la surface d'un électrode en carbone vitreux (GC), en termes de la cinétique de réduction et l'adsorption du NAD+ sur la surface du GC, et (ii) le développement d'électrodes pour la régénération électrocatalytique directe (non médiatisée) du composé 1,4-NADH, active enzymatiquement actif.Les mesures de polarisation potentiodynamique ont montré que dans les conditions expérimentales utilisées, la réaction de réduction du NAD+ est contrôlée par la diffusion. Cette irréversible (nécessite une surtension de plus de -550 mV) et est de pseudo premier ordre par rapport au NAD+. La cinétique de réduction du NAD+ sur GC, an potentiel formel du couple NAD +/NADH (-0.885 V), est lente, et modérément dépendante de la température. Le NAD+ est adsorbé sur la surface de l'électrode en GC. La cinétique d'adsorption du NAD+ s'est avérée dépendante de la charge surfacique. Le processus d'adsorption a été décrit par l'isotherme de Langmuir. L'énergie de Gibbs d'adsorption correspondante a montré que le processus d'adsorption est très spontané.L'influence du potentiel et du matériel de l'électrode sur la pureté du 1,4-NADH régénéré, a ensuite été étudiée. Il a été constaté que la régénération de 1,4-NADH à partir de NAD+, dans un réacteur électrochimique discontinu, employant des électrodes non modifiés est possible. La pureté (récupération) du 1,4-NADH régénéré sur ces électrodes a été jugée dépendante du potentiel et du matériel de l'électrode. L'origine de cette relationentre la nature elu nature ela matériel et le potentiel été liée à la force de liaison métal-hydrogène (M-Hads), et donc à la couverture du Hads sur la surface de l'électrode, que dépend du potentiel. Seuls les électrodes en GC et CNF ont été capables de produire la plus haute pureté du composé 1,4-NADH (99-100%), mais à des potentiels cathodiques le élevés (-2.3 V). Donc, pour produire 1,4-NADH de haute pureté à faibles potentiels cathodiques, la surface d'une électrode en GC a été modifiée par des nanoparticules (NPs) de platine et nickel, déposées par voie électrochimique. Il a été démontré que lorsque l'électrode en GC a été modifiées avec des NPs de Pt, le produit 1,4-NADH, avec une pureté de 100%, a été obtenu à -1.6 V, tandis que l'électrode en GC modifiée avec les NPs de Ni a produit 1,4-NADH avec une pureté de 100% déjà à -1.5 V. La haute pureté du 1,4-NADH formée sur les deux électrodes nano- modifiée a été prescrite à la formation des liaisons Pt-Hads et Ni-Hads à un potentiel nettement inférieur à celui sur une surface nue en GC. Il a été constaté que la pureté du 1,4-NADH régénérée sur les électrodes nano-modelées est dépendante du potentiel d'électrode, de la taille des nanoparticules et de leur couverture de la surfacique. Compte tenu de l'apport énergétique le coût de l'électrode, et le pourcentage de récupération du 1,4-NADH (i.e. sa pureté), l'électrode GC-Ni a été suggéré l'électrode de choix pour la régénération du 1,4-NADH parmi tous les électrodes étudiés (GC, CNF, Ti, Co, Cd, Ni, GC-Pt et GC-Ni).

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Abbott, Eric Justin. "Cutting trees with lasers : isolation of high quality RNA, enzymatically active protein and metabolites from individual tissue types of white spruce stems obtained using laser microdissection." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24249.

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Laser-assisted microdissection has been established for isolation of individual tissue types from herbaceous plants. However, there are few reports of cell- and tissue-specific analysis in woody perennials. While microdissected tissues are commonly analyzed for gene expression, reports of protein, enzyme activity and metabolite analysis are limited due in part to an inability to amplify these molecules. Conifer stem tissues are organized in a regular pattern with xylem, phloem and cortex development controlled by the activity of the cambial zone (CZ). Defense responses of conifer stems against insects and pathogens involve increased accumulation of terpenoids in cortical resin ducts (CRDs) and de novo formation of traumatic resin ducts from CZ initials. Woody plants are difficult to study at the level of individual tissues or cell-types and are thus good candidates for application of LMD. This thesis describes robust methods for isolation of individual tissue-types from white spruce (Picea glauca) stems for analysis of RNA, enzyme activity and metabolites. A tangential cryosectioning approach was important for obtaining large quantities of CRD and CZ tissues using LMD. Differential expression is reported for genes involved in terpenoid metabolism between CRD and CZ tissues and in response to treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Transcript levels of β-pinene synthase and levopimaradiene/abietadiene synthase were constitutively higher in CRDs, but induction was stronger in CZ in response to MeJA. 3-Carene synthase was more strongly induced in CRDs compared to CZ. A differential induction pattern was observed for 1-deoxyxyulose-5-phosphate synthase, which was up-regulated in CRDs and down-regulated in CZ. We identified terpene synthase enzyme activity in CZ protein extracts and terpenoid metabolites in both CRD and CZ tissues. Combined analysis of transcripts, proteins and metabolites of individual tissues will facilitate future characterization of complex processes of woody plant development, including periodic stem growth and dormancy, cell specialization, and defense and may be applied widely to other plant species.

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Chambers, Louise Jane. "Enzymes as allergens : the enzymatic characterisation and recombinant expression of the house dust mite allergen Der p 1, and the immune response to enzymatically active papain." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342047.

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Benzine, Youcef. "Enzymatically triggered polymeric drug delivery systems for colon targeting." Thesis, Lille 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2S036.

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De nos jours, les maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l'intestin (MICI) comme la rectocolite hémorragique et la maladie de Crohn touchent près de 200 000 personnes en France. Elles se caractérisent par l'inflammation de la paroi de différentes régions du tractus gastro-intestinal (TGI). Les deux sont des maladies chroniques qui impliquent une inflammation de la muqueuse colique. La principale différence entre la maladie de Crohn et la rectocolite hémorragique réside dans la localisation et la nature de l’inflammation. La maladie de Crohn peut toucher n’importe quelle partie du tractus gastro-intestinal (TGI), de la bouche à l’anus, mais dans la plupart des cas, elle atteint l’iléon. En revanche, la rectocolite hémorragique est limitée au côlon et au rectum.Le ciblage du colon peut offrir des avantages majeurs pour le traitement des MICI. Les formes galéniques conventionnelles entraînent une libération prématurée de la substance active dans l'estomac et l’intestin grêle. La substance active est alors absorbée dans la circulation sanguine ce qui provoque de sérieux effets secondaires. De ce fait la concentration de substance active qui arrive au site d’action (partie distale du TGI) est très faible, ce qui entraîne une faible efficacité thérapeutique voire échec de la thérapie.Pour pallier ce problème, une forme galénique idéale devrait effectivement protéger la substance active dans le haut TGI, puis la libérer dans la partie distale du TGI de manière contrôlée. Des systèmes réservoirs (granules enrobés, capsules…) ou des systèmes matriciels (comprimés, extrudats…) peuvent être utilisés pour protéger la substance active dans le haut TGI. Les polysaccharides qui ne sont dégradés que par des enzymes bactériennes localisées dans le colon peuvent être utilisés dans le développement des formes galéniques pour le traitement des MICI. L’objectif de ce travail était de développer de nouvelles formes galéniques contenant un polysaccharide (pectine, gomme de guar…) dégradable par la flore colique et d’un polymère thermoplastique hydrophobe (éthylcellulose, HPMC…) qui vas réduire l’hydrophilicité du polysaccharide. Or, le mélange des deux polymères ne doit pas enrober le polysaccharide qui va servir pour le ciblage de la partie distale du TGI
Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) today affects close to 200,000 people in France. They are characterized by the inflammation of the wall of a part of the digestive tract. They usually include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s disease. Both are chronic diseases that involve inflammation of the colonic mucosa. The main difference between Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis is the location and nature of inflammation. Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the GIT from mouth to anus but in most cases attacks the terminal ileum. In contrast, Ulcerative Colitis is restricted to the colon and the rectum. An ideal dosage form should effectively protect the drug in the stomach and small intestine and subsequently release the drug in the colon in a targeted and controlled manner. The objective of this work was to develop new drug delivery systems containing a polysaccharide (pectin, guar gum, inulin ...), which are degradable by the colonic bacteria and a hydrophobic thermoplastic polymer (ethylcellulose, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate ...), which will reduce the hydrophilicity of the polysaccharide. The technique used for the preparation of these dosage forms is hot-melt extrusion. It is a continuous and free solvent process that allows the manufacturing of a dosage form called "extrudate" by forcing the soften material through an orifice. It has been demonstrated that extrudates based on polyvinyl acetate/polyurethane and inulin can minimize the release of a model active substance in the upper part of GIT due to the hydrophobic properties of polyvinyl acetate. Indeed, these extrudates uptake low amount of water and lose low dry mass upon exposure to media simulating the stomach and the small intestine. However, once in contact with the colonic flora, these systems show a considerable loss of mass due to the degradation of inulin by enzymes secreted by colonic bacteria. In another study, hot melt extrudates based on ethylcellulose blended with different types of polysaccharides (guar gum, inulin, corn starch, maltodextrin, pectin and chitosan) were studied for the development of controlled drug delivery systems. Anhydrous theophylline and diprophylline have been used as model drugs. This study was useful to set the extrusion parameters: temperature 100 °C; screw speed 30 rpm; feed rate 3 cc/min; 30 % dibutyl sebacate as a plasticizer. Importantly, hot melt extrudates based on ethylcellulose:guar gum blends offer an interesting potential as controlled drug delivery systems: They can be prepared at temperatures of about 100 °C, provide broad spectra of drug release patterns (in particular about constant drug release rates). Finally, hot melt extrudates remained stable after 1 year storage at ambient conditions

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Laan, Zoe. "Humoral responses induced by an enzymatically active, whole-cell killed pneumococcal vaccine." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/127329.

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is a key pathogen of the human respiratory tract responsible for approximately one million deaths per year, the majority of which occur in young children in developing countries. Vaccination strategies against the pneumococcus currently target the dominant immunogen of the bacterium, the polysaccharide capsule. While this has proved highly effective against vaccine-included serotypes, serotype replacement has prevented continued reductions in rates of pneumococcal disease over the last two decades. In order to continue reducing the prevalence of pneumococcal disease, a novel, serotype-independent vaccination strategy is required. Our lab has previously described a new, gamma-irradiated pneumococcal vaccine termed γ-PNΔPsaA. This vaccine contains a whole-cell, unencapsulated pneumococcal antigen inactivated using gamma-irradiation, and induces a serotype-independent immune response against highly conserved, sub-capsular protein antigens. Gamma-irradiation inactivates micro-organisms primarily through direct damage to genetic material, introducing strand breakages and preventing genome replication. Unlike genetic material, proteins are more resistant to direct damage and remain intact throughout the irradiation process. Data from this study showed that irradiated pneumococci retain functional enzymes utilised for virulence and gene expression, and it was shown that some genes may be more susceptible to direct damage than others. Furthermore, irradiated pneumococci appear to be capable of responding to environmental signals by modifying gene expression accordingly. Despite retaining functional enzymes and transcriptional abilities, irradiated pneumococci do not appear to be capable of metabolising carbohydrates. As the vast majority of pathogenic strains of pneumococci are encapsulated, it was essential to examine the functionality of γ-PNΔPsaA-specific antibodies against encapsulated pneumococci. Immune serum was generated by vaccinating mice via different routes, and antibody binding to pneumococcal cells expressing various capsule phenotypes was assessed. It was shown that both capsule structure and IgG subclass profiles play a role in influencing antibody binding against encapsulated pathogens. Of particular interest, it appears that certain IgG subclass profiles may be more effective at binding sub-capsular antigens on pneumococci expressing a wider variety of capsule phenotypes.
Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Adelaide, School of Biological Sciences, 2020

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Mously, Eihab Abdullah. "Purification of enzymatically active recombinant lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein from mammalian cells." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/18311.

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Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and the four lysyl oxidase like proteins, LOXL, LOXL2, LOXL3 and LOXL4, are copper-containing amine oxidases constitute a heterogeneous family of enzymes that oxidize primary amine substrates to reactive aldehydes, catalyzing the cross-linking of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. LOXL2 induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which is associated with hypoxia, enhanced invasion, cancer metastasis and poorer cancer prognosis. Furthermore, upregulation of LOXL2 mRNA and/ or protein levels has been detected in undifferentiated breast, colon, esophagus and larynx carcinomas. The aim here is to create and optimize a method to produce large yields of enzymatically active recombinant LOXL2 protein from mammalian cells. Two viral transductions systems were used to transfect CHO-K1 cells to overexpress LOXL2 protein. Comparing lentivirus transduction with adenovirus transduction, it was found that adenovirus transduction expressed 2.18 fold the amount of enzymatically active LOXL2 compared to lentivirus transduction (P<0.05). The average LOXL2 yield of lentivirus and adenovirus transduction systems as calculated by BCA assay was 184.5 µg and 403 µg, respectively. The average specific LOXL2 enzymatic activity were calculated using an Amplex red assay and found to be 0.443 and 0.444 nmol/μg of LOXL2 in 30 minutes in lentivirus and adenovirus methods, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Expression and purification of LOXL2 were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Optimizing this method to purify large yields of LOXL2 is a practical aid in revealing the exact structure and function of the LOX family of proteins.

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Книги з теми "Enzymatically active"

Davies, Stephen. The synthesis of optically active compounds from enzymatically prepared allylic and homoallylic glycosides. [s.l.]: typescript, 1990.

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Частини книг з теми "Enzymatically active"

Zoulim, Fabien, Guang-Hua Wang, and Christoph Seeger. "Methods for the Purification of Enzymatically Active Reverse Transcriptase of Duck Hepatitis B Virus." In Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease, 97–100. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68255-4_26.

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Clowes, Royston C., Mark A. Mozola, Russell B. Wilson, Shin R. Hwang, and Rockford K. Draper. "Cloning of an Enzymatically Active Segment of the Exotoxin-A Gene of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa." In Plasmids in Bacteria, 777–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2447-8_54.

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Simonetta, Mirella Pilone, Maria-Elisa Perotti, and Loredano Pollegioni. "D-AMINO ACID OXIDASE EXPRESSED UNDER INDUCTION CONDITIONS IS ENZYMATICALLY ACTIVE IN MICROPEROXISOMES OF Rhodotorula gracilis." In Flavins and Flavoproteins 1990, edited by B. Curti, S. Ronchi, and G. Zanetti, 167–70. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110855425-032.

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Wang, Xiaohong, Heinz C. Schröder, and Werner E. G. Müller. "Enzymatically Synthesized Inorganic Polymers as Morphogenetically Active Bone Scaffolds." In International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology, 27–77. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-800177-6.00002-5.

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Derr, Ludmilla. "8. Physisorption of enzymatically active chymotrypsin on titania colloidal particles." In Interactions between enzymes and oxide colloidal particles and their influence on enzymatic activity, 59–81. VDI Verlag, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783185760051-59.

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Sethi Chopra, Dimple, Abhishek Gupta, Dhandeep Singh, and Nirmal Singh. "Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Ginseng for Wound Healing." In Ginseng - Modern Aspects of the Famed Traditional Medicine. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101167.

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The recovery of skin wounds is a complex biological process involving three basic mechanisms: inflammatory phase, re-epithelialization followed by granulation and tissue remodeling. The interactions between inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes induce microenvironmental changes at the wound site. Tissue remodeling is initiated by matrix-producing proteins and protease enzymes and collagen fibers in the dermis. A saponin extracted from ginseng, known as ginsenoside, has been shown to accelerate neovascularization in burn wounds in mice. It also increases levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and interleukin (IL-β). IL-β accelerate wound healing by promoting accumulation of macrophages at skin wound sites. Saponins are major active constituents of ginseng. They contain many ginsenosides. The purified ginsenosides or the extracts of ginseng root have been reported to have beneficial effects on damaged skin. For instance, red ginseng root extract protected skin from acute UVB-irradiation. Ginsenoside F1, an enzymatically modified derivative of the ginsenoside Rg1, protected HaCaT against UVB-induced apoptosis. Panax ginseng root extract promotes type I collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) via the Smad activation pathway and exhibits antioxidant activity against free radicles including diphenyl-p-picrylhydrazyl treatment. In addition, ginsenoside Rb1 promotes healing process of burn wound by enhancing angiogenesis. Among the various ginsenosides, ginsenoside Rb1 has been found to most potent agent for wound healing.

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Fisher, Charles W., Manjunath S. Shet, and Ronald W. Estabrook. "[2] Construction of plasmids and expression in Escherichia coli of enzymatically active fusion proteins containing the heme-domain of a P450 linked to NADPH-P450 reductase." In Methods in Enzymology, 15–25. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0076-6879(96)72004-9.

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Parker, Linda A. "The Endocannabinoid System." In Cannabinoids and the Brain. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262035798.003.0002.

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The endocannabinoid system was only discovered about 25 years ago, but it is now known to be a major modulator of synaptic activity throughout the brain. CB₁ receptors are located on presynaptic terminals of neurons that release other neurotransmitters and the action of agonists of these receptors is to turn-off neurotransmitter release. These receptors are ubiquitously located, indeed they are the most widely distributed receptor system in the brain. Administration of THC by use of marijuana activates all CB₁ receptors, producing global activation. On the other hand, endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-AG) are produced where and when they are needed from depolarized post-synaptic neurons, serving as retrograde messengers to act on nearby presynaptic neurons. The fine-tuned regulation of synaptic activity is the primary function of this neuromodulatory system that plays a major role in protection of neurons. The duration of action of these “on demand” endocannabinoids is brief because they are hydrolysed enzymatically by Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Newly developed FAAH and MAGL inhibitors provide a therapeutic opportunity to boost the action of AEA and 2-AG respectively for up to 24 hr, where and when they are produced naturally. Preclinical evidence indicates that FAAH and MAGL inhibitors have therapeutic potential in relief of pain, anxiety, depression and nausea, in the absence of psychoactive side effects of global activation of CB₁ receptors produced by marijuana.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Enzymatically active"

Niederhafner, Petr, Martin Šafařík, and Jan Hlaváček. "Synthesis of bis-cystinyl fragment of human IgGl hinge region on PEG using enzymatically cleavable linker." In IXth Conference Biologically Active Peptides. Prague: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css200508054.

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Sharova, N. Yu, A. A. Printseva, and S. I. Loskutov. "Enzymatically active plant and microbial substances as potential food biocatalysts." In “TOPICAL ISSUES OF THERMOPHYSICS, ENERGETICS AND HYDROGASDYNAMICS IN THE ARCTIC CONDITIONS”: Dedicated to the 85th Birthday Anniversary of Professor E. A. Bondarev. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099745.

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Peterson, Jeffrey D., Guojie Ho, Jeffrey Morin, Jeannine Delaney, Wael Yared, Milind Rajopadhye, and Sylvie C. Kossodo. "Abstract 4939: Detection and quantification of enzymatically active tissue prostate-specific antigenin vivo." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-4939.

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Henley, Paul, David Mallea, David Erasmus, Francisco Alvarez, and Augustine Lee. "Enzymatically Active Pepsin As A Potential Biomarker Of Gastropulmonary Aspiration Following Lung Transplantation." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a5331.

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Davies, Elizabeth R., Gang Chen, Stephen T. Holgate, Donna E. Davies, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, and Hans Michael Haitchi. "Soluble Adam33 Is Increased And Enzymatically Active In BALF And Is Associated With Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness In Il-13 Overexpressing Mice." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a2822.

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Rajput, B., D. Alaimo, A. M. Asselbergs, and E. Reich. "CONSTRUCTION AND EXPRESSION OF HYBRID PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR GENES." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644412.

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Hybrid plasminogen activator (PA) genes containing fragments of cDNA encoding the non-catalytic part of tissue-PA and the .catalytic domain of urokinase and vice versa were constructed and expressed in Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The hybrid nature of the products in stably transformed cells was analyzed at the level of DNA and RNA using probes derived from different regions of the urokinase and tissue-PA cDNAs and at the protein level by means of polyclonal antibodies raised against tissue-PA and urokinase. The hybrid genes made hybrid RNAs and proteins of the expected sizes. The proteins were enzymatically active as determined by zymography and chromogenic enzyme assays and this activity was blocked by the appropriate antibodies. The effect on hybrid PAs of cyanogen bromide cleaved fibrinogen fragments, poly-D-lysine and heparin which are known to affect the activity of tissue-PA and urokinase differently was also studied

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Polgar, J., I. Lerant, L. Muszbek, and R. Machovich. "THROMBOMODULIN INHIBITS THE ACTIVATION OF FACTOR XIII BY THROMBIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643305.

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The thrombogenic functions of thrombin, studied so far, are diminished or blocked when thrombin is bound to the endothelial cell via its receptor protein thrombomodulin. The thrombomodu-lin-thrombin complex fails to clot fibrinogen, to activate platelet and Factor V, while the activation of the antithrombo-genic protein, protein C is extremely enhanced. Although the activation of Factor XIII (FXIIl) belongs to the thrombogenic functions of thrombin, the effect of thrombomodulin on this process has not been investigated, so far. The aim of this study was to establish whether the presence of thrombomodulin modifies the effect of thrombin on FXIII. The activation was followed by measuring the transglutaminase activity of FXIIIa formed using our UV-kinetic assay (Muszbek et al., Clin. Chem. , 3L, 35, 1985) and by monitoring the amount of activation peptide split off by thrombin from the a subunit. The time dependence of FXIII activation using various thrombin concentrations showed significant difference in the presence and absence of thrombomodulin. Thrombomodulin significantly slowed down the activity of thrombin toward FXIII but did not prevent it completely. The possibility that thrombomodulin influences changes brought about by Ca and noij+the action of thrombin was excluded. When thrombomodulin and Ca were added only after the proteolytic leavage of FXIII had taken place, it had no effect on the Ca induced activation process. The results suggests that thrombomodulin inhibits the rate of conversion of FXIII to its enzymatically active structure but does not influence the amount of FXIIIa formed.

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Pearce, John, Wen Huang Liao, and Sharon Thomsen. "The Kinetics of Thermal Damage: Estimation and Evaluation of Model Coefficients." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0797.

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Abstract Successful use of kinetic models of thermal damage processes depends critically upon the identification of a quantitative measure of thermal damage. Most clinically relevant processes are qualitative in nature and are not easily studied by the standard Arrhenius formulation. Quantitative markers of thermal damage include: 1) loss of birefringence properties in muscle and collagen, 2) loss of hemoglobin from red blood cells, 3) uptake of enzymatically active dyes and 4) diffusion of dyes across vessel walls. When a quantitative marker is used the kinetic coefficients estimated from experiments over different time scales are significantly different. Application of coefficients determined in long term studies (exposure times on the order of hours) to short term exposures (electrosurgical coagulation or short laser pulses) is questionable and often leads to counter-intuitive predictions of damage boundaries. Short term exposures, on the other hand, are by definition not of constant temperature and often defy estimation of the coefficients from the transient history. We present and compare several sets of estimated thermal damage coefficients for similar and differing processes and a preliminary method for extracting estimates from transient histories.

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Polgár, J., Y. Hidasi, A. Toth, and L. Muszbek. "MEASUREMENT OF FACTOR XIII ACTIVITY IN HUMAN PLATELET HOMOGENATE BY A NEW UV-KINETIC METHOD." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644647.

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Factor XIII (FXIIl) of blood coagulation is a zymogen which is converted into an active transglutaminase during the clotting process. Earlier methods used for its determination are cumbersome, laborious, and not suitable for routine laboratory measurements.Most recently we have designed a new simple UV-kinetic assay for the determination of FXIII in the plasma (Muszbek et al., Clin. Chem., 3JL, 35, 1985). The assay is performed on def:j.b-rinated plasma in which FXIII is activated by thrombin and Ca2+. Acetylateddephosphorylated (AD)β-casein and ethylamine are used as substrates and the ammonia released during thereaction is continuously monitored by a NADPH dependent indicator reaction at 340 nm. As the enzymatically active a subunit of FXIII is also present in platelets and monocytes/macrophages we attempted to adapt the above method for the measurement of cellular FXIII activity. Experiments were carried out on Lubrol extract of washed sonicated platelets. It was found that the small amount of fibrinogen present in platelets does not need to be removed and in the blank hirudin used for preventing activation of plasma FXIII should be replaced by EGTA. The concentration of substrates and activators were optimized. The methodwas found linear at least up-to 40 U/l enzyme activity. It had a good reproducibility (optimal conditionvariance was less than 3%) and correlated well with the most commonly used fluorescent amine (dansylcadaverine) incorporation assay. The method was adapted to a centrifugal fast analyser (Baker, Centrifichem). In addition to congenital FXIII deficiency the determination of FXIII in platelets by this new methodmight have a diagnostic importance in haemopoietic diseases with diminished or accelerated platelet production.

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Tans, G., J. Rosing, M. Berrettini, B. Lammle, and J. H. Griffin. "AUTOACTIVATION OF HUMAN PLASMA PREKALLIKREIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642898.

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Incubation of purified human plasma prekallikrein with sulfatides or dextran sulfate resulted in spontaneous activation of prekallikrein as judged by the appearance of amidolytic activity towards the chromogenic substrate H-D-pro-phe-arg-p-nitroanilide (S 2302). The time course of generation of amidolytic activity was sigmoidal with an apparent lag phase followed by a rapid activation until finally a plateau was reached. Soybean trypsin inhibitor completely blocked prekallikrein activation whereas corn, limabean and ovomucoid trypsin inhibitor did not. The Ki of the reversible inhibitor, benzamidine, for autoactivation (240 uM) was identical to the Ki of benzamidine for kallikrein. Thus, spontaneous prekallikrein activation and kallikrein showed the same specificity for a number of serine protease inhibitors, indicating that prekallikrein is activated by its own enzymatically active form, kallikrein. Immunoblotting analysis showed that, concomitant with the appearance of amidolytic activity, prekallikrein was cleaved. However, prekallikrein was not quantitatively converted into two-chain kallikrein since other polypeptide products were visible on the gels. This accounts for the observation that in amidolytic assays not all prekallikrein present in the reaction mixture was measured as active kallikrein. Kinetic analysis showed that prekallikrein activation can be described by a second-order reaction mechanism in which prekallikrein is activated kallikrein. The apparent second order rate constant was 27000 M-ls-1 (pH 7.2, 50 uM sulfatides, ionic strength 1=0.06, at 37°C). Autocatalytic prekallikrein activation was strongly dependent on the ionic strength, since there was a considerable decrease in the rate of the reaction at high salt concentrations. Our data support a prekallikrein autoactivation mechanism in which surface-bound kallikrein activates surface-bound prekallikrein. The rate constant of autoactivation is considerably lower than the rate constants reported for Factor Xlla dependent prekallikrein formation. Autocatalytic prekallikrein activation may, however, contribute to kallikrein formation during the initiating phase of contact activation.

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