Дисертації з теми "Environnement – Droit international – Afrique"
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Ambomo, Marcel. "Commerce, environnement et développement en Afrique francophone : réalités et perspectives." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT4007.
Повний текст джерелаBase development only on economic growth, was a trend in Africa. Henceforth, this approach is questioned, since the consecration of sustainable development at Rio Summit. Consequently, development issue of African countries is studied, by redefining actual balance between trade, environment and development. Indeed, we can take up a bet on trade as development tool in Africa. However, his success depends on withdraw of trade barriers and the protection of environment. We seize here, the opportunity to re-examine the sustainable concept, which appears, for good, as a civilization vision. At what scale? Universality seems on this context attractive. But it's risky, because it could ignore local situation. In this field, we can think globally, but act locally. This concept allows sui generis sustainable development models, with the purpose to avoid a unique environmental view
Gibson, Sandra. "La diffusion du droit forestier français en Afrique subsaharienne." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA111004.
Повний текст джерелаDiagana, Yakhouba. "Le droit international du développement durable et le continent africain : mesure du degré de transposition des règles internationales de développement économique et de protection de l'environnement en Afrique de l'Ouest (Mauritanie, Sénégal)." Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0766.
Повний текст джерелаThe International law of Sustainable Development by his normative production since the international Conference of Stockholm (1972) on world environment can be defined like a group of internationals economics rules and environment protection. This approach in agreement with the Gro Harlem Brundtland Rapport ("Our common future") of 1987 which the terms enforce to the International Community the necessity of the determination of efficient rules for the control of the movement of the Intelligent Dimension (the Human Activity) that continue to influence considerably and negatively the Intermediairy Dimension (the Environment) from that depend essentially and substantially the Final or Intelligible Dimension ( The Human Being). In west of Africa (Mauritania – Senegal) the application of these rules constitute some considerable problems from the history of this continent, in part (Title I) that made also for their efficient application some structurals obstacles in other part (Title II)
Adam, Tairou Yafradou. "La prise en compte des préoccupations environnementales par le droit de l'entreprise dans l'espace O. H. A. D. A." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0016.
Повний текст джерелаCoupling the environmental law together with the company law can seem inconsistent; causing indeed indigestion to the opposite interests. These conflicts of interests can alter more and more into a jumble of legislations which objectives are opposed as soon as the question of analysing the environment protection by the new business laws which results from the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa is concerned. And yet, the private law specialist shall stick to it in order not to give way to the only public law expert. Set to promote the investments in Africa through the legal and judicial secureness of economic activities, and not to protect the environment, the instruments analysis elaborated by the O. H. B. LA law, emphasizes that they can enhance the environment’s protection through the companies in plump, in redress as well as the one in judicial liquidation. The resort to automatic mechanisms of trading rights in an area where the state’s inspection over the economic activities is put at evil appears to be an alternative and efficient outcome when the management of commercial companies is concerned. Nethertheless, in a globalized company whereby the blossoming of the various rights for internal businesses is developed often under the impetus of communities laws; the O. H. B. L. A Law can not confine itself to its original objectives and shall not henceforth ignore the environmental data for fear to be inconsistent with the concept of sustainable development. The environment protection has therefore become an instrument of economic adjustment at a time whereby communities’ legal orders have a growing ascendancy over the national laws
Bérard, Marie-Hélène. "Légitimité des normes environnementales et complexité du droit : l'exemple de l'utilisation des Dina dans la gestion locale de la forêt à Madagascar (1996-2006)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/20946.
Повний текст джерелаSow, Amadou. "Les principes généraux du droit de l'environnement et les conventions régionales dans la lutte contre la pollution marine en Afrique." Thesis, Université Paris-Panthéon-Assas, 2022. https://docassas.u-paris2.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/406be0fa-f17b-4618-a361-2dcb38b0f4e1.
Повний текст джерелаThe problem of environmental deterioration is not linked to the draft of new agreements anymore, even though not all fields are covered so far by the existing law, but to the efficiency of the norms in effect. Most often, law exists, but is badly applied or not applied at all. This leads to two problems: first, the implementation of law, and second, the control of its application. In this context, the African continent cannot achieve its unity and its economic development without caring of the sword of Damocles which is the global warming caused by greenhouse gases and environmental destruction. Furthermore, the OHADA (Organization for the Harmonization in Africa of Business Law) should allow Africa to significantly advance on the subject of the companies’ responsible behaviour in terms of environmental and climate protection. In order to fill this gap, the OHADA should adopt in the near future a Uniform Act concerning social and environmental responsibility. The implementation of environmental policies and the application of the norms arising from them require a cultural revolution. The young generations should receive an education which is adapted to the new ecological challenges. The principles contribute in an important way to the development of the soft law in international law, but it is even more surprising that this phenomenon is more and more important in national law. Beyond formal legal aspects, the implementation of regional agreements will be confronted to further challenges: first of all, the reinforcement of the national institutional authorities’ capacity to reconcile economic, social and environmental imperatives
Ogandaga, Ndiaye Gilles. "La Banque mondiale et la protection de l'environnement en Afrique centrale." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE0025.
Повний текст джерелаCentral Africa is an area confronted with an interference of most alarming evils as regards development. Lower economic activity, crisis of the structures of development, poverty of the population, to which are added an overexploitation of the natural resources. This crisis to reorientate the action of many organisations of development towards a taking into account of environmental problems in their strategies of development. Thus it of the World bank is. The aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the interventions of the World bank in the field of environmental protection in Central Africa. It comes out from this study that, although the prime objective of this institution is not environmental protection, environmental problems are now located at the heart of the strategy of development of the World bank. That results in the increase in the wallet of projects allocated with the environmental protection, then by the development of tools intended for the management of the environment and the promotion of sustainable development
Mazaudoux, Olivier. "Droit international public et droit international de l'environnement /." Limoges : Pulim, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412344924.
Повний текст джерелаPerruso, Camila. "Le droit à un environnement sain en droit international." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D050.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to study the scope of the right to a healthy environment in international law. This human right is apprehended as the result of interactions between international human rights law and international environmental law as well as among different normative ensembles for the protection of human rights. This right is witnessing a remarkable rise within countries and legal systems of human rights protection. By retracing the various stages of its progressive development, this thesis aims to identify its contours, both formally and materially. It then considers the implementation of this right through the related obligations and the control that can be achieved. As a result, it seems fair to suggest that the conditions are now in place to recognise its universal scope. In addition, this thesis considers the right to a healthy environment as one of the possible responses to the environmental crisis which calls for a renewal of the relationships that humans have with nature. It is in the light of this axiological perspective that the right to a healthy environment is analysed
Guyomard, Ann-Isabelle. "La protection de l'environnement en Antarctique : droit international et droit comparé." Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=0cae9bce-c3d0-4077-a380-0edf16a8ee8e.
Повний текст джерелаSince 1991, Antarctica has been natural reserve devoted to peace and science. Its fragile environment is protected by a unique legal regime based on the best scientific advice available. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty organizes the activities to limit their adverse impact on the environment and dependent and associated ecosystems. The protection of the intrinsic value of Antarctica is ensured by the Environmental Impact Assessment procedure. This approach is reinforced by the adequate protection of spaces and species of Antarctica. Therefore, the continent and the Southern Ocean benefit from the best legal regime of the world. However, the twenty-first century brings new challenges such as the increasing number of activities, the remaining presence of organic pollutants, the pressures of fishing on limited resources, bioprospecting, continuous tourism growth, and the imminent risk of a major maritime accident. Will the proactive approach and the cooperation of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties be enough to deal with these important issues with respect to the interest of mankind as a whole?
Kemfouet, Kengny Emile Derlin. "Droit international de l' environnement et fonction juridictionnelle." Limoges, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIMO1006.
Повний текст джерелаThe international law of the environment constitutes today a relatively autonomous legal order whose vitaly results in an expansion of normative instruments. The study of its relationships to the judicial office reveals a double report : The existence of the osbtacles to the exercise of the judicial office in this legal order. Obstacles which result on the one hand specifities from the internation law of the environment and other of the failures inherent in the judicial office. While continuing like a discipline entirely centered on the prevention and moult by a total and atemporelle dynamics, the international law of the environment develops, a philosophy, techniques normative and institutional mechanisms whose charateristic is to relegate the intervention of the judge to the second plan The not very obvious justiciability of this law makes that its irruption in the contentious sphere upsets the usual reference marks of the function to judge. Moreover, the judicial office carries in itself of the elements likely to block its free exercise. Thus it il not taken of it into account of the charcacteristic of the environmental questions in the structure of the majority of the jurisdictions and the often undergone invasion of the courts by realities external with the law. Beyond this report, the examination of several jurisprudences reveal cases of implementation jurisdictional of the international law of the enviroment. Thus, the international jurisdictions made some decisions there related. Idem for the regional jurisdictions which, with some exceptions, are implied actively in the development of the law object of our matter whereas nothing predisposed them there in advance. Lastly, the analysis of the decisions of national courts reveals some daring decisions also testifying to the will of the internal judges to mark this law of their print. Remain that as a whole, the jurisprudential development of the international law of the environment remains to perfect
Chambon, Danielle. "Les aires marines protégées en droit international et en droit comparé." Nice, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NICE0014.
Повний текст джерелаMahamat, Nasser Hassane. "Les lois pétrolières en Afrique centrale, les dispositions environnementales : efficacité et harmonisation." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT4004.
Повний текст джерелаAtché, Bessou Raymond. "Les conflits armés internes en Afrique et le droit international." Cergy-Pontoise, 2008. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0385.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe african continent development is heavily ampered by ceaseless indoors murderous conflits, if not by civil wars. Everywhere the threat remains indeciduous. National armies up yesterday just after independence years, confirmed unability to spread protection and so, experiment daily enormous troubles as for keeping control upon respective national territories and borders. But in front of said conflicts, here above given as phenomenons powered to mishandle the sensibler sovereign rope, a certain number of questions go up growing: in any way, how can the international law intervene to regulate conflictual cases that belong to daily African states quite private area ? Hard questions. Indoors armed conflicts give rise to troubles but for regulation, what strategical means can be considered to contain them? Henceforth, we will divide the whole topic into two parts : upon the first part, let us speak essentially about substancial and normative aspects of conflicts; further in the second part, we will try to lead searches upon how the international law might bring answers able to solve armed conflicts. Some European countries, and particulary France, thought that spreading reinforcement of African Means to Keep Peace “RECAMP” upon war zones will be sufficient to any peace later. The United States thought the same with African Crisis Response Initiative “ACRI”. Therefore for us none of enumareted steps, even if any of them might be valuable as proposition, can lead to peace. It belongs to Subsaharan African Head of States here to join means and to create immediately what we will not hesitate to call “Common Forces For Peace in Africa” (CFPA). Anyone will not build a such (and obvious) more adapted working stool for them
Agba, Eyou. "Le Togo et le droit international de l'environnement." Limoges, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIMO0509.
Повний текст джерелаDevelopmental and environmental problems and their transboundary nature have forced Togo to look for multilateral solutions. International environmental law is one legal method of controlling the problems that so effect the country. In spite of the controversial nature of some aspects of this branch of International law, Togo's national participation in its development and its implementation into domestic law, a determinant of its effectiveness, constitute huge challenges that this developing country is struggling to accept
Klemm, Cyrille de. "La conservation de la faune et de la flore sauvages en droit international et droit comparé." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30008.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis is constituted by a large number of publications, written between 1968 and 1995, on the subject of wildlife conservation and the conservation of natural areas in international and comparative law. The books and articles which deal with the international aspects of the subject have as a main purpose not only to take stock of the status of a particular matter at the time they were written but also, in most cases, to make proposals for the future. The following subjects have, inter alia, been considered: integrated wildlife management in europe, the living resources of the sea, conservation of species as a part of the natural heritage of mankind, migratory species, the international conservation of wetlands, international trade in endangered species, and the conservation of biological diversity. Most of the comparative law publications provide analyses of existing legislation and institutions in respect of the conservation of wild species and natural habitats in those countries where these are the best developed
Moyen, Godefroy. "Le régime international des pêches maritimes en Afrique centrale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32035.
Повний текст джерелаKipoutou, François. "Les rapports du droit interne et droit international dans les constitutions et la pratique des Etats africains francophones (étude de droit constiutionnel comparé et de droit international )." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020105.
Повний текст джерелаThe relations between the internal law and the international law in the constitutions of african french speaking states along with their practice in this field includes two main aspects, independant, but mostly complementary. It concerns the drafting of international law in internal law and the hierarchy between these two branches of law's rules in the internal judicial order. Concerning the drafting of international law, if theoretically it appears that there is the worry of reconciling the executive body's role and the one played by the legislative body in practice, it seems that against the constitutions, the reality takes a revange which goes to the benefit of the governments making, so a space for an unequal distribution of international competences between the different state's bodies. As for the hierarchy between internal law and international law, the primary importance of international law limited to the treaties, prescribed by most of the constitutions is in spite of some applications of this principle in practice, the result of the reproduction of article 55 of the french constitution written in 1958
Gaye, Souleymane. "Les politiques d'ajustement structurel en Afrique et le droit international." Cergy-Pontoise, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CERG0162.
Повний текст джерелаWith the end of 1970, the African States are confronted with serious economic difficulties due to the massive debt and errors of management. They enter into negotiation with the institutions of Bretton Woods in order to rebalance their balance of payments. However, the F. M. I. And/or the World Bank grant their loans the conditions which the adjusted African countries attack the causes of the imbalance of their payment, and thus, they prescibe various policies of structural adjustment to the latter. Consequently, the policies and economics choices of the adjusted African States are dictated by the functionaries of the international financial institutions ; this in violation of the principles and international legal provisions which specify, in particular, that : " all sovereign State must be able to determine its economic policy freely and to organize its economic area freely "
Wolff, Da Silva Simone Maria. "Le Brésil et les principes du droit international de l'environnement." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020013.
Повний текст джерелаThe central aim of this work - which tries to relect the important transformation process of international law - points out to the evolution of the international environmental law principles as far as brazilian legislation is concerned. No matter if emmerging or affirmed, those tenants have been split into two great classes in the first part of the work: the man's right to the environment and the man's right to a sustained development. Both rights contain other principles as the general interest, the general responsability, the education and the formation concerning environment. In the second part of the work, it has been explored the basic tenant of international cooperation concerning the environmental protection and the development promotion in brazil between 1972 and 1992. Those international principles both clearly show the humanity common interest and the common responsibility somehow modified in what concerns to a worlwide lasting progress
Gosset, Simon. "Les déchets dangereux en droit international de l'environnement." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990STR30014.
Повний текст джерелаAfter an awereness on the field of economy, science and politics, non radioactive hazardous waste turned out to be serious and complex problem. The 22d march 1989 based convention drew up international definition at last. The u. N, regional and non governmental international organizations contributed to this mobilization. Positive law applied to hazardous waste shows a two continuous basic principles : prevention an reparation. The first principle has many aspects. Guidelines, specific conventions concerning some transnational activities, together with technical rules regarding some hazardous waste, can be driven from the following types of direct prevention : strategy, sector and category rules. The action of indirect prevention appears before and after the disposal and reeyeling of hazardous wastes. The second principle is more restricted. The reparation which means clearly defined hability and compensation procedures, is necessary and difficult in theory. Most of the time, the existing solutions depends on domestic law and practice. A provisory analysis unable us to make the distinction between intinsic and extrinsic forces and weaknesses of this legal system. Despite their notable progression, the rules of soft and hard law can only meet the urgency of the matte. The present setting-up of legal standarts is divided in too many areas to show some unity and strictness. Moreover, this system is highly dependent on extrinsic pararameters as for its application, which leads to uncertain scientif and economic realities. The role played by the different members of the international community (states, internaional organizations, including transnationals) have someinfluence upon the state of law in this particular field. This system should to put and end to contradictions and the lack of efficitivity. The future of the next generations depends on the way the hazardous wastes will be managed
Atché, Bessou Raymond Benchikh Madjid. "Les conflits armés internes en Afrique et le droit international." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://biblioweb.u-cergy.fr/theses/08CERG0385.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAssemboni, Alida Nabobuè Prieur Michel Ahadzi-Nonou Koffi. "Le droit de l'environnement marin et côtier en Afrique occidentale cas de cinq pays francophones /." Limoges : S.c.d. de l'Université, 2006. http://www.unilim.fr/theses/2006/droit/2006limo0513/notice.htm.
Повний текст джерелаThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Bibliogr. p.434-461.
Assemboni, Alida Nabobuè. "Le droit de l'environnement marin et côtier en Afrique occidentale : cas de cinq pays francophones." Limoges, 2006. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/5119a38e-4234-4cac-86d5-db7274f70c53/blobholder:0/2006LIMO0513.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWest Africa is a sub-region which marine and coastal environment contains important natural wealth. This natural environment suffer from different kinds of degradation such as resources overexploitation, marine and coastal pollution, coastal erosion. In order to resolve the problems created by the deterioration of the marine and coastal environment, Western and Central African countries, with specially five target countries concerned by this topic (Benin, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Senegal and Togo), adopted in Abidjan on March 23rd 1981, the Abidjan Convention for Protection and Development of the Marine and Coastal Environment of the West and Central African Region and the Protocol Concerning Cooperation in Combating Pollution in Cases of Emergency in West and Central African Region. These texts entered in force on August 5th 1984. Although the development of the legal protection and management of the marine and coastal environment within the regional and the national context, there are many problems. The main problems are due to the complexity of the implementation of the legal measures. These countries face a real problem related to the effectiveness of marine environmental law. The reform of the actual legal system in force in the region and the countries, concerning the effective protection and management of the marine and coastal environment is one of the possible solutions to the problems
Perichon, Lukas. "Les entreprises françaises et la commande publique en Afrique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS364.
Повний текст джерелаContractual relationships between french-speaking african countries and french companies in the public procurement sector are formed under a complex network of national, regional and international rules breaking away from the historical french legal and administrative model. These relationships are maintained through ill-defined hybrid contracts that draw from public and international contractual laws and practices. They are integrated into legal and financial frameworks balancing profitability, public interests, environmental and social matters
Fritz-Legendre, Myriam. "La protection de la biodiversité en droit international et en droit comparé : vers un renforcement de la dimension préventive du droit de l'environnement." Dijon, 1997. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/fbb2f079-6eaf-41e2-bb44-9df0a7e717d3.
Повний текст джерелаThe conservation of biological diversity has given an opportunity of measuring the inadequacy of the established ways of thinking in the fields of international law of development and more generally of international law. The states had to adjust their measures of protection to the specificity of a whole whose inner interdependences and complexity showed through more and more global environmental problems. This evolution has led the states to consider protecting all that is living on earth, i. E. The biological diversity. The taking into account of that global environment has therefore fundamentally changed the relations between mankind and nature, and the way mankind looks at them, for the human being is more and more directly subjected to environmental problems. Prevention therefore seems the only attitude able to avoid the further worsening of the situation. The states must be looked at no longer as only entities sovereign on their resources but as co-managers of a natural heritage in jeopardy and needing to be safeguarded. Besides, biodiversity deeply changes not only relations between mankind and nature but also relations inside mankind in so far as it is today this issue - this new way of thinking - that determines the future of humanity
Henry, Solveig. "L'efficacité des mécanismes de réglement des différends en droit international de l'environnement." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT4018.
Повний текст джерелаDuring the second half of the 20th century, a highly elaborate corpus of norms was established in the field of international environmental law. Today however, the ability of the international community to ensure compliance w ith those norms by the actors concerned poses a problem, particularly when disputes come to light. This study focuses on the question of the effectiveness of the judicial and quasi-judicial dispute settlement mechanisms in the resolution of disagreements relating to the application of the rules of international environmental law. It first analyses the capacity of the traditional mechanisms − na mely, the International Court of Justice, arbitration, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the European Court of Human Rights, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the African Court of Justice and Human Rights, and the Dispute Settlement Body − to deal with disputes concerning this branch of the law and to provide appropriate responses to them. It then examines the benefits and drawbacks, compared to the above¬mentioned traditional mechanisms and in the light of 20 years’ experie nc e, of us ing new mechanisms − the so-called “non-compliance procedures” − to settle disputes relating to the environment, in the context of 12 instruments
Dagicour, Florence. "La protection de l'environnement et le droit international : le cas de l'énergie nucléaire." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT3011.
Повний текст джерелаAmoussou-Guenou, Roland. "Le droit et la pratique de l'arbitrage commercial international en Afrique subsaharienne." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020002.
Повний текст джерелаInternational commercial arbitration is expanding worldwide. But to date, the law and pratice of international arbitration in subsaharan africa are not well known because of the lack of exhaustive literature on this topic. The purpose of the present thesis is to try to fill this "scientific" gap. In part i, the legislations in force in the region have been in first examined. The functioning of the arbitration process has been then studied through the provisions of the rules. Part ii deals with african presence in international arbitration. The statistics of this presence have been commented. Afterwards, the african presence in the arbitration process together with the judicial proceedings related to arbitration show the nature of the ussues brought before the arbitrators and the national judges. In this respect it can be noticed that there is no african specificity of international commercial arbitration and its practice. Nevertheless, the african presence in the international arbitration procless has enriched to a certain extent, the international jurisprudence in this matter. The expansion of international commercial arbitration in subsaharan africa itself depends on the enactement of modern and operational legislations, the adhesion to the new york convention of 1958, the creation of operational arbitration centers and also on the training of african lawyers
Bouriche, Marie. "Les instruments de solidarité en droit international public." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE0007.
Повний текст джерелаSolidarity is a concept difficult to define. Encompassed by political science, economics, social science and law, solidarity, seldom defined, remains a vague and ambiguous concept. Often discredited by positivist jurists, but dear to objectivists, its links to law are not any less concrete. It represents the social link at the base of the formation of a group, and thus at the base of the formation of the law, according to the expression ubi societas, ibi jus. The study of the instruments of solidarity in international law reveals the different forms that solidarity takes, according to whether it develops within the sphere of the society of states, characterised by the supremacy of the principle of sovereignty, or within the sphere of the international community, which implies that states accept their interdependence. This study will allow us to determine the place of solidarity in international law and its scope in the international legal order
Nègre, Céline. "La responsabilité internationale pour les atteintes massives à l'environnement." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100170.
Повний текст джерелаTalla, Takoukam Patrice. "La formation des normes en droit international de l'environnement." Limoges, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIMO0469.
Повний текст джерелаNdiaye, El Hadji Samba. "L'harmonisation du droit international privé en Afrique francophone du Sud du Sahara." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUED008.
Повний текст джерелаAgbo, Ayawa Aménuvévé. "Droit international et règlement des crises constitutionnelles en Afrique noire francophone." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30040.
Повний текст джерелаConstitutional law in French speaking African sub-Saharan countries is progressing under pressure from different elements. In fact, more than twenty years of practice of a new constitutionalism in these states, reveals many lacunas and failures that raised up on the continent, in almost every states, numerous constitutional crisis. Being the factor of these crisis, the constitutions have disqualified themselves to provide solution for the crisis. The intervention of the international community to settle these constitutional crisis, through international law is thus justified. The international settlement of constitutionnal crisis is a political mechanism by which the international community come to backup the constitutional practice in a state, in order to help solving the crisis. This intervention of international law in the area of competence reserved for the states, is based on the principle of the agreement of the legitimate public authorities of the state and it borrows some different forms, especially the constitutional assistance and the democratic assistance. As result, the international settlement of constitutional crisis led to an internationalization of the constitutions of the assisted states. The process of internationalization pass by the definition of the political regime of the states, particularly, the promotion of constitutional states and also by the proclamation and protection of individual rights. But the main question remain to determine the efficiency of the intervention of international law in the settlement of constitutional crisis. The practice of constitutional law in French speaking African sub-Saharan countries can take advantage on the international settlement of constitutionnal crisis, to be improved and become a source of national cohesion
Borges, Leonardo Estrela. "Les obligations de prévention dans le droit international de l'environnement." Paris 1, 2013. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://www.harmatheque.com/ebook/les-obligations-de-prevention-dans-le-droit-international-de-l-environnement-et-ses-consequences-dans-la-responsabilite-internationale-des-etats-51378.
Повний текст джерелаArion, Cristina-Maria. "Le principe de précaution. Aspects de droit international et européen." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA111011.
Повний текст джерелаBenkhalifa, Mohamed. "Le droit international de l'environnement face au nouveau désordre mondial : un droit de cohésion des Etats au service du développement durable." Perpignan, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PERP0511.
Повний текст джерелаIn a step (method) of analysis of the international legal practices; and more particularly around a contributive reflexion devoted to principle 27 of the "declaration of Rio de Janeiro" of 1992, the heuristic approach that we advance endeavours, on one hand, to show that the development cannot be sustained in its search of sustainability, by the international law, with effectiveness, if this last does not stick, on the level of its codification, to be built while resting, with the precondition and in an effective way, on a process of installation of relevant and coherent mechanisms of dialogue. This vision forming a unit with the spirit of the international law of the environment (ile), this one represents, in this respect, a source of appropriate and innovative inspiration. And on the other hand, to establish that this right of precaution, allying unity and diversity, is a right of unification and cohesion of states ; being this one a preliminary seriousness for a real "world partnership" concerned about the sustainable development. And that so, in a configuration of "environmental diplomacy", intrinsically conforms to its principles, the ile can assert himself, objectively, as one of the potential bridles in the striking causes of the north-south fracture
Massaad, Sylvain. "Le nouvel environnement du droit de représentation." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT3003.
Повний текст джерела"The future is undoubtedly that of the construction of a 'maxi-category' of patrimonial right, the 'right of communication to the public', which would not distinguish any more according to the process of contact of the work with the public and would have moreover the immense merit to easily include all the techniques of digital transmission". This remark of Mr. P. -Y. Gautier particularly reveals the risk which the right of representation incurs : its disappearance. This thesis studies initially the threats (international, european, legal, economic) which weigh on the right of representation questioning its existence. It considers then the question of the protection of this right by noting the insufficiency of existing legal protection and by supporting the need of a technical protection
Ngoumtsa, Anou Gérard. "Droit OHADA et confllits de lois." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2009_in_ngoumtsa-anou_g.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSince its creation in 1993, the Organization for the harmonization of business law in Africa (OHBLA) has adopted common rules named « uniform acts ». These rules are intended to govern internal and international cases in all the member states, thus leading to the elimination of conflict of laws in the harmonised field. Such an influence of the community law on the conflicts of laws is, in reality, complex and limited. The first limitation is due to the gaps of uniform law which does not provide the solution to all questions in the field of business law prone to harmonization. Some conflicts therefore remain and can be solved according to national and community rules of conflict of laws. The OHBLA legal order uses these two solutions and has adopted common rules on the law applicable to the merits of the dispute in arbitration matters. Furthermore, substantive uniform law also applies to some external relations including non contracting states, when it is designated by the conflict rules. Lastly, community law uses private international law techniques like public policy and the method of international mandatory norms, to insure the protection of its values
Girard, Fabien. "Essai sur la preuve dans son environnement culturel." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GREND010.
Повний текст джерелаA solid theory of proof has been built, for some decades now, around a theoretical framework well known to French jurists. Free proof and legal proof, accusatorial model and inquisitorial model, practical truth and substantial proof, preponderance of evidence and intime conviction provide the backbone of that framework. Scientific advancements have shown the robust nature of the framework, despite raising new questions. French law will nevertheless have to face the new challenge of the globalization of law, based on Common Law systems. The hegemony of Common Law systems compels French doctrine to face the subjectivity of its own typology. This might explain the publication of various pieces of work looking to very different perspectives in the search of cultural significance of the Law of Evidence. In the wake of those new pieces, the aim of this work is to show that the Law of Evidence is deeply connected with the organization of the French State and its judicial institutions. This organization has created a coherent system, probatory in nature, aimed at finding material proof. This probationary model is referred to as hierarchical (strong State) and will be confirmed by the study of three Common Law models: American Law, English Law and Canadian Law. This study will cast a light on the phases of definition of facts open to proof or disproof, the fact-finding process and the appreciation of the relevancy and the weight of evidence and will help in the understanding of the singularity of the French model, its internal evolution and the pressure of acculturation forces applied by the probationary logic of the Common Law model, such as the one promoted by the ECHR
Vatna, Loïc. "La justice internationale à l'épreuve de la question environnementale : contribution à l'étude de l'adaptation du contentieux international aux mutations de l'ordre international." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30028.
Повний текст джерелаThe effectiveness of environmental norms is one of the main challenges of the international community. International practise shows that the conscience of the vulnerability of the environment has conditioned a prolific and anarchical rulemaking. Under these conditions, we have to wonder about the reality of the will to face the environment challenge and to verify the way of complying with the environmental logic on the international scene. In this respect, the study of international dispute is a precious tool, insofar as procedural law gives a penetrating vision of the rule of law, at all the steps of its life, since its genesis until its judiciary interpretation. This study underlines the difficulty of the means of settlement to adjust in environmental logic, either in matter of participation of third parties, particularly non states actors, or in matter of preservation of ecological interests during the proceedings. If structural adaptation leaves a lot to be desired, it goes different in matter of interpretation of law, the means of settlement having a growing recourse to methods favourable to environmental matter, as systematic interpretation or proportionality. The study would be incomplete if was omitted the adaptation of international environmental law due to contentious cases, which contribute to the clarification of the content of environmental norms and the identification of those having reach the status of general norms, That is the case of Principle 21, the principle of prevention and the principle of international cooperation, while international judge carefully avoid pronouncing on the status of the precautionary principle, even though its content is no more matter for debate
Bioum, Ihana Angèle. "L'unesco et la protection internationale de l'environnement : contribution a l'etude de la formation et de l'evolution du droit international de l'environnement." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010322.
Повний текст джерелаUnesco, the intellectual cooperation organization of the united nations system, has elabored new standards and has created an evolution of international environment law in order to protect the environment. So, unesco is involved in the enlargment area of this law and the creation of new concepts. However, the states keep a margin to appreciate the application of the international texts. This thesis gives a definition of the unesco's technics in order to give a real effect to the international environment standards, for instance unesco's standards and standards of the rio of janeiro summit in 1992. The standard have to be applicated by members states and the thesis identify political, economical and social factors which influence their application. In last, new legal actions of control appear in order to invite members states to respect their commitments
Amilien, Caroline. "Droit international et gestion durable des forêts tropicales." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32004.
Повний текст джерелаInternational cooperation for sustainable management of tropical forests faces two obstacles. On the one hand, because of the principle of sovereignty over natural resources, international rules regarding forest management evolve slowly. To date, proposals for a convention on global forest have failed. Other conventions indirectly or sectorally applying to tropical forests are weak. Sovereignty over natural resources also explains enthousiasm for soft-law, which is adaptable. Programs, such as the tropical forestry action program, and statements are numerous, while binding principles are few and vague. On the other hand, the effectiveness of international instruments related to tropical forest conservation has been limited by development and trade policies. Since 1972, interdependence between environment and development is increasingly recognized by economic and financial institutions. However, reforms are often insufficient or uncomplete. In addition, conflicts among existing international policies remain numerous. Harmonization among international instruments, and collaboration among international organizations are required to reach a coherent and effective international system promoting tropical forest sustainable management
Martin, Jörg. "Strafbarkeit grenzüberschreitender Umweltbeeinträchtigungen : zugleich ein Beitrag zur Gefährdungsdogmatik und zum Umweltvölkerrecht /." Freiburg im Breisgau : Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37431271z.
Повний текст джерелаZeumeue, Sime Rose Nicole. "L' intérêt général de l'humanité et le droit international de l'environnement." Limoges, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIMO0527.
Повний текст джерелаChauvet, Bruno. "Le contrat de construction en droit sud-africain." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1008.
Повний текст джерелаBoukrif, Hamid. "Le droit international de l'environnement : contribution à une réflexion sur le concept de développement et de partenariat durables." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010257.
Повний текст джерелаMassoma, Jean. "L'influence des Etats africains sur l'action de l'Organisation internationale du travail." Paris 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA020094.
Повний текст джерелаDogo-Bery, Harou. "L' Afrique et le désarmement." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE0007.
Повний текст джерелаAl, Samara Tareck. "Conflits commerciaux et arbitrage dans les pays francophones du Proche-Orient : étude comparée." Perpignan, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PERP0912.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to analyze the procedures and contractual aspects of the operational system of commercial arbitration in francophone countries in the middle east. The necessity of reforming the Syrian civil code of procedures of 1953 requires a deeper examination of the questions of international arbitration to determine possffile reforms. The experiences of Egypt and Lebanon represent a possible reform model for Syria. As a result, facing a subject matter that is becoming increasingly complex, the examination of international sources (cnudci and New-York convention) in addition to the judicial situations of other francophone countries will help the entrance of Syria into the new context of the international law of arbitration