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Статті в журналах з теми "Environmental law Victoria"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Canter, Marielle J., and Stephen N. Ndegwa. "Environmental Scarcity and Conflict: A Contrary Case from Lake Victoria." Global Environmental Politics 2, no. 3 (August 2002): 40–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/152638002320310527.

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Анотація:

The thesis that environmental scarcity leads to violent conflict in many parts of the developing world has become ascendant in the literature and has gained much publicity in policy circles in the last decade. According to students of environmental scarcity and conflict, the most conflict-prone renewable resource is fresh water. Indeed, Lake Victoria (the world's second largest fresh water lake, shared by three African countries and affecting or affected by nine others in the basin) exhibits the conditions one would expect, based on the literature, to pro duce conflict, and sooner rather than later. However, based on research includ ing fieldwork conducted in June-July 2000, our findings indicate that while en vironmental degradation is evident in the magnitude expected to trigger conflict, violent conflict has not occurred. This paper seeks to explain why this is so, which may suggest how developing nations can avert the supposed trajec tory into violent conflict.

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2

Wood, Christopher. "Environmental Impact Assessment in Victoria: Australian Discretion Rules EA!" Journal of Environmental Management 39, no. 4 (December 1993): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1993.1071.

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3

Wills, Ian, and Sigmund Fritschy. "Industry-Community-Regulator Consultation in Improving Environmental Performance in Victoria." Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 8, no. 3 (January 2001): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2001.10648525.

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4

Winter, I., and T. Brooke. "Urban Planning and the Entrepreneurial State: The View from Victoria, Australia." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (September 1993): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110263.

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It is argued that the state in Victoria, Australia, has pursued five key trends in urban planning throughout the 1980s: Privatisation, liberalisation, subsidisation, commercialisation, and elitism. These trends are a response to conditions wrought by global economic restructuring, the dominance of economic fundamentalism as a political discourse in Australia, the institutional structure of federal–State government financial relations, and a resultant perception of fiscal crisis. These developments in urban planning have resulted in financial costs and a loss of democratic accountability to the Victorian community.

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5

Ikingura, J. R., H. Akagi, J. Mujumba, and C. Messo. "Environmental assessment of mercury dispersion, transformation and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria Goldfields, Tanzania." Journal of Environmental Management 81, no. 2 (October 2006): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.09.026.

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6

Muli, Jones R. "Spatial variation of benthic macroinvertebrates and the environmental factors influencing their distribution in Lake Victoria, Kenya." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 8, no. 2 (April 2005): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14634980590953680.

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7

Bennett, AF, LF Lumsden, JSA Alexander, PE Duncan, PG Johnson, P. Robertson, and CE Silveira. "Habitat Use by Arboreal Mammals along an Environment Gradient in North-eastern Victoria." Wildlife Research 18, no. 2 (1991): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910125.

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Анотація:

A total of 1487 observations of nine species of arboreal mammal, Acrobates pygmaeus, Phascolarctos cinereus, Petauroides volans, Petaurus australis, P. breviceps, P. norfolcensis, Pseudocheirusperegrinus, Trichosurus caninus and T. vulpecula, were made during surveys of the vertebrate fauna of northeastern Victoria. Habitat use by each species was examined in relation to eight forest types that occur along an environmental gradient ranging from sites at high elevation with a high annual rainfall, to sites on the dry inland and riverine plains. Arboreal mammals were not evenly distributed between forest types. Three species (P. australis, P. volans and T. caninus) were mainly associated with moist tall forests; two species (P. norfolcensis and T. vulpecula) were primarily associated with drier forests and woodlands of the foothills; the remaining three species (A. pygmaeus, P. breviceps and P. peregrinus) occurred widely throughout the forests. The composition of the arboreal mammal assemblage changed along the environmental gradient, but species displayed gradual changes in abundance with forest type rather than marked discontinuities in distributional pattern. The highest overall frequencies of occurrence of arboreal mammals were in forests typically dominated by a mixture of eucalypt species. The position at first sighting of an animal, and the relative height in the forest stratum, were used to describe the micro-habitats utilised. In general, the microhabitats occupied by each species are consistent with the distribution of their known food resources.

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8

Onyango, Dancan O., Christopher O. Ikporukpo, John O. Taiwo, and Stephen B. Opiyo. "Monitoring the extent and impacts of watershed urban development in the Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, using a combination of population dynamics, remote sensing and GIS techniques." Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/environ-2021-0007.

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Анотація:

Abstract Several urban centres of different sizes have developed over time, and continue to grow, within the basin of Lake Victoria. Uncontrolled urban development, especially along the lake shore, puts environmental pressure on Lake Victoria and its local ecosystem. This study sought to monitor the extent and impacts of urban development (as measured by population growth and built-up land use/land cover) in the Lake Victoria basin, Kenya, between 1978 and 2018. Remote sensing and GIS-based land use/land cover classification was conducted to extract change in built-up areas from Landsat 3, 4, 5 and 8 satellite imagery obtained for the month of January at intervals of ten years. Change in population distribution and density was analysed based on decadal census data from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics between 1979 and 2019. A statistical regression model was then estimated to relate population growth to built-up area expansion. Results indicate that the basin’s built-up area has expanded by 97% between 1978 and 2018 while the population increased by 140% between 1979 and 2019. Urban development was attributed to the rapidly increasing population in the area as seen in a positive statistical correlation (R2=0.5744) between increase in built-up area and population growth. The resulting environmental pressure on the local ecosystem has been documented mainly in terms of degradation of lake water quality, eutrophication and aquatic biodiversity loss. The study recommends the enactment and implementation of appropriate eco-sensitive local legislation and policies for sustainable urban and rural land use planning in the area. This should aim to control and regulate urban expansion especially in the immediate shoreline areas of the lake and associated riparian zones.

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9

Richardson, Benjamin J. "Book review: Andreas Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos and Victoria Brooks (eds), Research Methods in Environmental Law: A Handbook (Edward Elgar, Cheltenham 2017) 608 pp." Journal of Human Rights and the Environment 10, no. 1 (September 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/jhre.2018.02.07.

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10

Werdiningtyas, Ratri, Yongping Wei, and Andrew W. Western. "The evolution of policy instruments used in water, land and environmental governances in Victoria, Australia from 1860–2016." Environmental Science & Policy 112 (October 2020): 348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.012.

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11

Mulanda Aura, Christopher, Chrisphine S. Nyamweya, James M. Njiru, Reuben Omondi, Julius Manyala, Safina Musa, Horace Owiti, et al. "Using the Multi-metric Index of Biotic Integrity methodological approach to determine the major river catchment that most pollutes a lake." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.01.04.

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Анотація:

Abstract We present the Multi-metric Index of Biotic Integrity methodological approach that allows for the ranking of major river catchments based on pollution status in the Kenyan portion of Lake Victoria, Africa. The study has a broader applicability to all of Lake Victoria, other African Great Lakes, and all lakes that have riverine discharge. The method presented utilizes water quality and environmental data, local knowledge, and pre-existing literature. The parameters considered were sampled from 2016 to 2018 during the dry season (July sampling) and the wet season (March sampling). Separation power of Mann-Whitney U test (p < 0.05) qualified 11 discriminant metrics for both macroinvertebrate and fish samples into the scoring system of 1, 3 and 5 in the formulation of final Multi-metric Index of Biotic Integrity methodological approach. Rivers in the northern section had lower Multi-metric Index of Biotic Integrity methodological approach scores, as compared to southern counterparts. The Multi-metric Index of Biotic Integrity methodological approach ranking herein was validated by community perceptions on pollution levels. River Nzoia catchment emerged as the most polluted, followed by River Yala, River Kuja, and Sondu-Miriu. Siltation, domestic washing, litter and refuse emerged as the main agents of pollution. Management authorities ought to reinforce a balanced utilization of the vital water resources to minimize future impacts, and promote catchment wide practices that ensure ecological health sustainability of the lake ecosystem.

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12

Cavalli, Rosa Maria, Giovanni Laneve, Lorenzo Fusilli, Stefano Pignatti, and Federico Santini. "Remote sensing water observation for supporting Lake Victoria weed management." Journal of Environmental Management 90, no. 7 (May 2009): 2199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.036.

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13

Lumsden, IF, and AF Bennet. "Bats of a semi-arid environment in south-eastern Australia: biogeography, ecology and conservation." Wildlife Research 22, no. 2 (1995): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9950217.

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Анотація:

A total of 2075 captures of 11 taxa of bats was recorded during an extensive survey of the vertebrate fauna of the semi-arid Mallee region of Victoria. A further two species, Pteropus scapulatus and Saccolaimus flaviventris, are known from previous records, thus bringing the total to 13 taxa known from the region. There was a marked seasonality in activity patterns and in reproduction. Activity, as revealed by trap captures, peaked over the spring to early autumn months when daytime temperatures are high and nights are mild. Births occurred from October to December, lactating females were recorded from November to February, and juveniles were trapped between December and late February, with minor variation in timing between species. Morphometric measurements revealed that females were generally larger and heavier than males. There was a high level of overlap of species between broad vegetation types. Woodland habitats, especially Riverine Woodland, tended to have a higher frequency of capture and a greater species richness of bats per trapping event than did Mallee Shrubland. The assemblage of bats in the Mallee region, Victoria, like those in other semi-arid regions of southern Australia, includes species that are widespread in Australia (e.g. Chalinolobus gouldii and Nyctophilus geoffroyi), together with species that primarily occur in semi-arid and arid environments (e.g. N. timoriensis, Scotorepens balstoni and Vespadelus baverstocki). This region, which includes mesic riverine habitats, also supports a group of species that are characteristic of temperate south-eastern Australia (e.g. C. morio, V. regulus and V. vulturnus). In comparison with assemblages from temperate and tropical environmental regions, those from the semi-arid region tend to have a lower species richness with fewer families represented, a higher level of insectivory, and a smaller modal body size. The conservation status of bats from the Mallee region, Victoria, is believed to be secure, although the status of N. timoriensis warrants further attention.

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14

Chessman, BC. "Habitat Preferences of Fresh-Water Turtles in the Murray Valley, Victoria and New-South-Wales." Wildlife Research 15, no. 5 (1988): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880485.

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Анотація:

Preferences of Chelodina expansa, Chelodina longicollis and Emydura macquarii (Testudines : Chelidae) for different types of aquatic habitat on the Murray River flood plain in south-eastern Australia were inferred from catch statistics. E. macquarii was the species most often caught in the river itself and river backwaters, whereas C. longicollis formed the majority of captures from oxbow lakes, anabranches, ponds, rain pools and a swamp. Relative abundance of E. macquarii was significantly positively correlated with water body depth, transparency, persistence during dry conditions and flow speed, and negatively correlated with remoteness from the river. C. longicollis demonstrated the opposite pattern, and the proportional catch of C. expansa was weakly correlated with environmental variables. The capacity of C. longicollis for colonising and surviving in small, remote and ephemeral ponds and pools relates to its ability to aestivate and resist desiccation and its propensity for overland migration.

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15

Ibrahim, Mohammad Nabil, David B. Logan, Sjaan Koppel, and Brian Fildes. "Fatal and Serious Injury Rates for Different Travel Modes in Victoria, Australia." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (February 8, 2022): 1924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031924.

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While absolute injury numbers are widely used as a road safety indicator, they do not fully account for the likelihood of an injury given a certain level of exposure. Adjusting crash and injury rates for travel exposure can measure the magnitude of travel activity leading to crash outcomes and provide a more comprehensive indicator of safety. Fatal and serious injury (FSI) numbers were adjusted by three measures of travel exposure to estimate crash and injury rates across nine travel modes in the Australian state of Victoria. While car drivers accounted for the highest number of injuries across the three modes, their likelihood of being killed or seriously injured was substantially lower than that of motorcyclists across all exposure measures. Cyclists accounted for fewer injuries than car passengers and pedestrians but had a higher risk per exposure. The results varied by both injury severity and exposure measure. The results of this study will assist with high level transport planning by allowing for the investigation of the changes in travel-related FSI resulting from proposed travel mode shifts driven by safety, environmental reasons or other reasons as part of the holistic goal of transforming the transport system to full compliance with Safe System principles.

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16

Moore, Cameron Alastair, and Caroline Gross. "Great Big Hairy Bees! Regulating the European Bumblebee, Bombus Terrestris L. What does it say about the Precautionary Principle?" International Journal of Rural Law and Policy, no. 1 (June 2, 2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijrlp.i1.2012.2627.

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The previous Commonwealth Minister for the Environment, Mr Garrett, recently rejected a request to allow the importation of live bumblebees (Bombus terrestris L.) to mainland Australia. New South Wales and Victoria had already listed the introduction of bumblebees as, respectively, a key threatening process and a potentially threatening process. The Commonwealth, however, had previously declined an application to list the introduction of bumblebees as a key threatening process, although its Threatened Species Scientific Committee urged ‘that extreme caution be shown in considering any proposal to introduce this species to the mainland.’ The potential threat from bumblebees would appear to beg the questions posed by the precautionary principle. Would the presence of bumblebees to mainland Australia pose a threat of serious or irreversible environmental damage? Should a lack of full scientific certainty be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent environmental degradation? This paper considers the role of the precautionary principle in regulatory approaches to the bumblebee. It seeks to establish the application of the precautionary principle to this particular potential environmental threat, including its relationship to the principle of conservation of biological diversity. It concludes that, despite widespread adoption of the precautionary principle in policy, legislation and case law in Australia, its impact on regulating bumblebees has not been consistent.

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17

D’Elia, Angelo, Stuart Newstead, and Jim Scully. "Evaluation of vehicle side airbag effectiveness in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 54 (May 2013): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.020.

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18

Collett, Brent, and Nicola Henry. "Water justice: exploring the social dimensions of new irrigation technologies in northern Victoria, Australia." Water Policy 16, S2 (November 1, 2014): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2014.102.

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Water resource management is one of the most pressing human and environmental challenges of the 21st century. Technological approaches to improving the management of water feature prominently, with technology positioned as the solution to issues of competing interests and the achievement of water savings. This paper analyses the social dimensions of a regional-level irrigation technology, examining the piloting of Total Channel Control™ technology in northern Victoria, Australia, as a case study. Water savings, organisational efficiency, on-demand ordering, occupational health and safety improvements, and many other benefits were anticipated to flow from this ‘world first’ technology. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with stakeholders and participant observation of an irrigation committee, this paper examines stakeholder accounts regarding piloting of the technology. We argue that in order to achieve justice and fairness in implementing regional irrigation technology, three essential criteria must be met: genuine consultation, participation and negotiation; responsive and respectful dialogue and communication; and mutual information exchange. As society shifts towards greater reliance on technological intervention to solve some of the most pressing dilemmas of the modern era, a more holistic approach focusing on the complexity of human interaction with the technology is vital.

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19

Harris, Edwyna. "Development and Damage: Water and Landscape Evolution in Victoria, Australia." Landscape Research 31, no. 2 (April 2006): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426390600638687.

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20

Lennon, Jane, and Katie Davis. "Cultural landscape protection at Lake Victoria, a managed water supply." Landscape Research 45, no. 3 (June 11, 2019): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2019.1626356.

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21

Boddy, Martin. "Technology, Innovation, and Regional Economic Development in the State of Victoria." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 18, no. 3 (June 2000): 301–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c4m.

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22

Hurlimann, Anna. "Household use of and satisfaction with alternative water sources in Victoria Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 92, no. 10 (October 2011): 2691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.007.

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23

Watson, Wendy L., and Joan Ozanne-Smith. "Injury surveillance in Victoria, Australia: developing comprehensive injury incidence estimates." Accident Analysis & Prevention 32, no. 2 (March 2000): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-4575(99)00121-9.

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24

Belin, Matts-Åke, Per Tillgren, Evert Vedung, Max Cameron, and Claes Tingvall. "Speed cameras in Sweden and Victoria, Australia—A case study." Accident Analysis & Prevention 42, no. 6 (November 2010): 2165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.07.010.

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25

Tovey, Jane Patricia. "Whose rights and who's right? Valuing ecosystem services in Victoria, Australia." Landscape Research 33, no. 2 (April 2008): 197–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01426390801908426.

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26

Kasozi, G. N., B. T. Kiremire, F. W. B. Bugenyi, N. H. Kirsch, and P. Nkedi-Kizza. "Organochlorine Residues in Fish and Water Samples from Lake Victoria, Uganda." Journal of Environmental Quality 35, no. 2 (March 2006): 584–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0222.

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27

Gippel, Christopher J. "Hydrological Management of a Lake with Floating Islands Near Pirron Yallock, Victoria, Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 37, no. 3 (March 1993): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1993.1018.

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28

Hobbs, Jonathan. "Second Southern African International Conference on Environmental Management, held in Elephant Hills, Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, during 18–21 October 1994." Environmental Conservation 22, no. 1 (1995): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900034238.

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29

Pettigrove, V. "The importance of site selection in monitoring the macroinvertebrate communities of the Yarra River, Victoria." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 14, no. 2-3 (May 1990): 297–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00677923.

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30

Roberts, Anna M., Geoff Park, Alice R. Melland, and Ian Miller. "Trialling a web-based spatial information management tool with Land Managers in Victoria, Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 91, no. 2 (November 2009): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.09.021.

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31

Alenza García, José Francisco. "Ulpiano vence o ódio: a vitória do estado de direito sobre o terrorismo à luz de "El mal de Corcira", de Lorenzo Silva." Anamorphosis - Revista Internacional de Direito e Literatura 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 39–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21119/anamps.71.39-64.

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Анотація:

El mal de Corcira is a novel by Lorenzo Silva, in which Bevilacqua (a member of the Civil Guard) is set to investigate the murder of a former ETA supporter, and recalls the years he had fought terrorism. When the terrorist group ceases to exist, Bevilacqua is able to reflect on the fight, in a mixture of personal experience memoirs from his youth with the knowledge he had gained with age. In his thoughts, Bevilacqua reveals the totalitarian ideology of ETA, highlighting the Law as the ideal form to fight terrorism, and pointing to the importance of not accepting hate ideologies that plan to threat freedom. The main lesson from the novel is to avoid the plague of Corcyra (which Thucydides wrote about when reporting the Peloponnesian War) in our days, and that the hatred that poses danger to social peace and freedom be overcome by the legal precepts of Ulpian.

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32

Watson, Angela, Sherrie-Anne Kaye, Judy Fleiter, and James Freeman. "Effectiveness of vehicle impoundment for high-range speeding offences in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 145 (September 2020): 105690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105690.

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33

Demmel, Sébastien, James Freeman, Grégoire S. Larue, and Andry Rakotonirainy. "Evaluation of in-vehicle technologies to prevent unlicensed driving in Queensland and Victoria." Accident Analysis & Prevention 127 (June 2019): 210–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.02.023.

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34

Nicholson, S., Y. H. Hui, and P. K. S. Lam. "Pollution in the coastal waters of Hong Kong: case studies of the urban Victoria and Tolo Harbours." Water and Environment Journal 25, no. 3 (June 16, 2010): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2010.00234.x.

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35

Mwainge, Venny Mziri, Caleb Ogwai, Christopher Mulanda Aura, Alice Mutie, Veronica Ombwa, Hilda Nyaboke, Kennedy Ngoko Oyier, and Joseph Nyaundi. "An overview of fish disease and parasite occurrence in the cage culture of Oreochromis niloticus: A case study in Lake Victoria, Kenya." Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management 24, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/aehm.024.01.08.

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Анотація:

Abstract Cage aquaculture has been on a steady rise in Lake Victoria, Kenya, since 2016, resulting in the current culturing of over 3,600 cages of Tilapia (O. niloticus) (Orina et al., 2018). Unfortunately, there has been limited, if any, focus on fish health aspects. Rise in intensification and commercialization predisposes fish stocks to disease due to rise in stress levels and consequent reduction in the fish immunity. Nutrient rich surroundings create a conducive environment for rapid proliferation of bacterial and saprophytic fungal growth leading to net clogging and consequently a low biological oxygen demand. Such conditions predispose the stocks to infections. This study was conducted to provide a baseline analysis of the health conditions/status of the cultured fish in this region. It encompassed studies from 2016 to 2018 on tilapia of the genus O. niloticus using both experimental (using standard procedures and protocols) and socio-economic studies (using structured questionnaires, see annexure 1). Results found the following occurrences; bacterial infections (10%), fungal infestations (12.5%), myxosporean parasites in the gills (5%), parasitic copepods (10%) and fin rot (2.5%) in the stocks. There were no significant differences between abiotic parameters in the cage locations and the wild (p > 0.05). Additionally, 90% of the respondents had no fish disease training or clue on the treatment action necessary whenever fish diseases struck. Findings from this study put to the fore the significance of fish diseases in a cage culture system in light of commercialization of the industry and the importance of biosecurity and maintenance of optimal environmental conditions within the scope of Blue Economy growth in this region. This study did not detect any disease or parasite of zoonotic importance.

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36

Lester, Rebecca, Wendy Wright, and Michelle Jones-Lennon. "Determining target loads of large and small wood for stream rehabilitation in high-rainfall agricultural regions of Victoria, Australia." Ecological Engineering 28, no. 1 (November 2006): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.04.010.

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37

Wood, Tom, and Peter Milne. "Head injuries to pedal cyclists and the promotion of helmet use in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 20, no. 3 (June 1988): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(88)90002-4.

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38

Scheren, P. A. G. M., H. A. Zanting, and A. M. C. Lemmens. "Estimation of water pollution sources in Lake Victoria, East Africa: Application and elaboration of the rapid assessment methodology." Journal of Environmental Management 58, no. 4 (April 2000): 235–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.2000.0322.

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39

Ierodiaconou, Daniel, Laurie Laurenson, Marc Leblanc, Frank Stagnitti, Gordon Duff, Scott Salzman, and Vincent Versace. "The consequences of land use change on nutrient exports: a regional scale assessment in south-west Victoria, Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 74, no. 4 (March 2005): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.09.010.

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40

Drummer, Olaf H., Dimitri Gerostamoulos, Matthew Di Rago, Noel W. Woodford, Carla Morris, Tania Frederiksen, Kim Jachno, and Rory Wolfe. "Odds of culpability associated with use of impairing drugs in injured drivers in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 135 (February 2020): 105389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.105389.

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41

Cameron, Maxwell H., A. Peter Vulcan, Caroline F. Finch, and Stuart V. Newstead. "Mandatory bicycle helmet use following a decade of helmet promotion in Victoria, Australia—An evaluation." Accident Analysis & Prevention 26, no. 3 (June 1994): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-4575(94)90006-x.

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42

Green, K., A. T. Mitchell, and P. Tennant. "Home range and microhabitat use by the long-footed potoroo, Potorous longipes." Wildlife Research 25, no. 4 (1998): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr97095.

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Long-footed potoroos were studied at two widely-separated sites in Victoria, one in regenerating eucalypt forest in East Gippsland and the other in old-growth forest in Central Gippsland. Trap-revealed use of microhabitat at Bellbird (East Gippsland) showed a change from the 1980s to 1990s, with an increased amount of foraging in more open, drier areas. Over the same period, there was an increase in the size of home range of animals and a near-doubling of the minimum numbers of animals known to be alive on the trapping grid at Bellbird. These changes occurred over a period when few environmental changes occurred on the grid other than control of feral predators. Radio-tracking data from 12 animals at the two sites showed a similar trend in use of microhabitat by most animals, but there was individual variation. Differences between the sites were that home-range size was smaller at the Riley trapping grid (Central Gippsland), there was greater overlap in home range, and animals there foraged for significantly shorter bouts. This confirmed earlier speculation from reproductive and dietary studies that there is better quality habitat at Riley, but the sites were so dissimilar that differences in home range and foraging could not be ascribed to either the logging regime or to geographical differences between the sites.

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43

D’Elia, Angelo, and Stuart Newstead. "Retrospective evaluation of vehicle whiplash-reducing head restraint systems to prevent whiplash injury in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 150 (February 2021): 105941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2020.105941.

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44

Focardi, Silvia, Ilaria Corsi, Stefania Mazzuoli, Leonardo Vignoli, Steven A. Loiselle, and Silvano Focardi. "Integrating Remote Sensing Approach with Pollution Monitoring Tools for Aquatic Ecosystem Risk Assessment and Managment: A Case Study of Lake Victoria(UGANDA)." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 122, no. 1-3 (June 1, 2006): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9180-7.

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45

Duff, Cameron, Warren Michelow, Clifton Chow, Andrew Ivsins, and Tim Stockwell. "The Canadian Recreational Drug Use Survey: Aims, Methods and First Results." Contemporary Drug Problems 36, no. 3-4 (September 2009): 517–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009145090903600310.

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In late 2006, pilot research was initiated in two western Canadian sites (Vancouver and Victoria) to systematically monitor patterns and trends in three specific illicit drug user populations: club and rave party attendees, adolescent street involved injection and non-injection drug users, and adult injection drug users. These sentinel groups were selected because of elevated rates of alcohol and other drug use within these populations and contexts, and the high levels of associated risks and harms. Drawing from international monitoring and surveillance systems, novel research instruments were developed for each population and were administered in face-to-face interviews at each study site. This paper presents an overview of the broad research methodology for the “high risk” monitoring research as well as select findings for the “club drug” sample. The piloted research design yielded high quality data, particularly in relation to recent patterns of drug use behaviour (items on drug use “yesterday” and “last weekend”). The success of these novel items highlights the value of the present study and its relevance for similar studies across the country.

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46

Barton, Jan L., and Leon Metzeling. "The Development of Biological Objectives for Streams in a Single Catchment: A Case Study on the Catchment of Western Port Bay, Victoria, Australia." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 95, no. 1-3 (July 2004): 239–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:emas.0000029906.80903.7a.

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47

Lindenmayer, DB, RC Lacy, VC Thomas, and TW Clark. "Predictions of the impacts of changes in population size and environmental variablitity on Leadbeater's possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy (Marsupialia: Petauridae) using population viability analysis: an application of the computer program VORTEX." Wildlife Research 20, no. 1 (1993): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930067.

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Population Viability Analysis (PVA) uses computer modelling to simulate interacting deterministic and stochastic factors (e.g. demographic, genetic, spatial, environmental and catastrophic processes) that act on small populations and assess their long-term vulnerability to extinction. The computer program VORTEX was used in a PVA of Leadbeater's possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri McCoy, an endangered arboreal marsupial that is restricted to the montane ash forests of the central highlands of Victoria. PVA was used to examine the impacts of changes in the size of subpopulations and the effects of environmental variation. Our analyses demonstrated that an annual linear decline in the carrying capacity in all or parts of the habitat will lead to the extinction of G. leadbeateri in those areas. Mean time to extinction was related to the rate of annual decrease. This conclusion is of practical and management importance as there is presently a decline in suitable habitat because of an annual loss of more than 3.5% of trees with hollows, which provide nest sites for G. leadbeateri. Because nest sites are a factor that limits populations of G. leadbeateri, the species could be lost from large areas within the next 50 years. PVA was also used to determine the viability of populations in areas, such as oldgrowth forest, where there is not likely to be a steady decline in habitat carrying capacity resulting from the loss of trees with hollows. This allowed an analysis of the cumulative impacts of small population size, environmental variation and genetic factors, which showed that, for a 100-year projection, simulated populations of 200 animals or more remained demographically stable and experienced a less than 10% decline in predicted genetic variability. However, the relatively simplified nature of population modelling and the suite of assumptions that underpin VORTEX mean that the probability of extinction of populations of this size may be greater than determined in this study. As a result, it is possible that only populations of more than 200 animals may persist in the long term where suitable habitat can be conserved or established and subsequently maintained without a reduction in carrying capacity.

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Lennon, Alexia, Vic Siskind, and Narelle Haworth. "Rear seat safer: Seating position, restraint use and injuries in children in traffic crashes in Victoria, Australia." Accident Analysis & Prevention 40, no. 2 (March 2008): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2007.09.024.

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49

Stamatov, V., and A. Stamatov. "Long-term impact of water desalination plants on the energy and carbon dioxide balance of Victoria, Australia: a case study from Wonthaggi." Water and Environment Journal 24, no. 3 (June 7, 2009): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2009.00179.x.

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50

Moad, Dominica, Alison Fielding, Amanda Tapley, Mieke L. van Driel, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Jean I. Ball, Andrew R. Davey, et al. "Socioeconomic disadvantage and the practice location of recently Fellowed Australian GPs: a cross-sectional analysis." Australian Journal of Primary Health 28, no. 2 (February 23, 2022): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py21179.

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Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage and the ‘inverse care law’ have significant effects on the health and well-being of Australians. Early career GPs can help address the needs of socioeconomically disadvantaged communities by choosing to practice in these locations. This study addressed an evidence gap around GPs post-Fellowship (within 2 years) practice location, and whether practice location is related to postgraduate vocational training. Methods: This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study of recently Fellowed GPs from New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and Tasmania. Questionnaire items elicited information about participants’ current practice, including location. Where consent was provided, participants’ questionnaire responses were linked to previously collected vocational GP training data. The outcome factor in analyses was practice location socioeconomic status (SES): the four deciles of greater socioeconomic disadvantage versus locations with a higher SES. SES was classified according to the Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas – Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage. Multivariable logistic regression was undertaken. Results: Of participants currently working in clinical general practice, 26% were practicing in the four deciles of greater socioeconomic disadvantage. Significant multivariable associations of working in these locations included having trained in a practice located in an area of greater socioeconomic disadvantage (odds ratio (OR) 3.14), and having worked at their current practice during vocational training (OR 2.99). Conclusion: Given the association of training and practice location for recently Fellowed GPs, policies focused on training location may help in addressing ongoing workforce issues faced by areas of higher socioeconomic disadvantage.

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