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1
Obschonka, Martin, Rainer K. Silbereisen, and Eva Schmitt-Rodermund. "Successful Entrepreneurship as Developmental Outcome." European Psychologist 16, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000075.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Applying a lifespan approach of human development, this study examined pathways to entrepreneurial success by analyzing retrospective and current data. Along the lines of McClelland’s ideas of early entrepreneurship development and Rauch and Frese’s Giessen-Amsterdam model on venture success, we investigated the roles of founders’ adolescent years (early role models, authoritative parenting, and early entrepreneurial competence), personality traits (Big Five pattern), and entrepreneurial skills and growth goals during venture creation. Findings were derived from structural equation modeling studying two comparable samples of founders (N = 531) and nascent founders (N = 100) from Germany. Across both samples, reports on age-appropriate entrepreneurial competence in adolescence and an entrepreneurial Big Five profile predicted entrepreneurial skills during venture creation, which in turn predicted founders’ setting of ambitious growth goals and entrepreneurial success. Early entrepreneurial competence was related to the availability of entrepreneurial role models and authoritative parenting during adolescence as well as to an entrepreneurial Big Five profile. In line with prospective reports on early precursors of entrepreneurship, the findings illuminate the development of entrepreneurship in general and entrepreneurial success in particular over the lifespan, especially with regard to factors relevant in the adolescent years and the interplay with personality across different developmental periods.
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Obschonka, Martin, Rainer K. Silbereisen, and Eva Schmitt-Rodermund. "Entrepreneurial intention as developmental outcome." Journal of Vocational Behavior 77, no. 1 (August 2010): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.02.008.
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Obschonka, Martin, Rainer K. Silbereisen, and Eva Schmitt-Rodermund. "Entrepreneurial intention as development outcome." IEEE Engineering Management Review 44, no. 1 (2016): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emr.2016.7448789.
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Shahid, Muhammad, and Hab oec Vulfs Kozlinskis. "Review of Studies Related to Quality Entrepreneurship (i.e. Innovation and Internationalization) as Outcomes of Entrepreneurial Networking." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 7, no. 2 (March 28, 2021): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v7i2.1821.
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Research in entrepreneurial networking has mainly elucidated the processes of recognizing various entrepreneurial opportunities. Studies on entrepreneurial networking have defined a network construct in different ways to explain various outcomes. So, the underlying idea is to explain which different entrepreneurial network compositions have been applied and what various network outcomes were achieved in general and quality entrepreneurship as outcome in specific. By conducting a comprehensive literature review an effort is made to form different set of clusters for a network construct and its outcomes based on how it is measured in several studies. Specifically, along with highlighting the network constructs the research in context of quality entrepreneurship as an outcome of entrepreneurial networking is explained in detail and directions for the future avenues are highlighted.
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Segal, Gerry, Dan Borgia, and Jerry Schoenfeld. "Using Social Cognitive Career Theory to Predict Self-Employment Goals." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 5, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-05-02-2002-b007.
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Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent, Brown, and Hackett 1994, 1996) proposes that career interests, goals, and choices are related to self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations. It suggests that peopleʼs self-efficacy beliefs and outcome expectations with regard to self-employment would predict their goals to become selfemployed. This study explores the ability of SCCT to predict goals for self-employment in a sample of 115 undergraduate business students. Results indicated that students with higher entrepreneurial self-efficacy and higher self-employment outcome expectations had higher intentions to become self-employed. These findings imply that educators and policy-makers may boost student entrepreneurial intentions by (1) enhancing studentsʼ confidence to succeed in an entrepreneurial career and (2) enhancing studentsʼ expectations of strong positive outcomes resulting from an entrepreneurial career
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Mars, Matthew M. "Analogical and Metaphorical Thinking, Storytelling, and Entrepreneurial Identity and Narrative Development: A Visual Art-Based Learning Innovation." Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy 4, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 64–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515127419890331.
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This article describes a novel visual art-based exercise (VAE) that was developed and conducted as part of an introductory-level, project-based entrepreneurial leadership course. The VAE engages students in reflective explorations of paintings and analogical and metaphorical thinking and analysis in support of two learning outcomes. The first outcome is for students to gain greater awareness of their emergent entrepreneurial identities. The second outcome is for students to enhance their capacities to effectively integrate analogies and metaphors with entrepreneurial narratives. Participatory inquiry guides the structure and delivery of the VAE with its application being focused on opportunity identification and conceptualization, solution development, and entrepreneurial narrative development and delivery. The three stages of the exercise (i.e., Staging, Transfer, and Integration) are described in detail, and its effectiveness is qualitatively assessed specific to the intended outcomes in order to facilitate and support adoption.
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Bolzani, Daniela, Riccardo Fini, Simone Napolitano, and Laura Toschi. "Entrepreneurial Teams: An Input-Process-Outcome Framework." Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship 15, no. 2 (2019): 56–258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000077.
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Santos, Susana C., and Eric W. Liguori. "Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 3 (November 22, 2019): 400–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-07-2019-0436.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Building on social career cognitive theory, the purpose of this paper is to investigate outcome expectations as a mediator and subjective norms as a moderator in the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intentions. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of 1,026 students from US public and private universities retrieved from the Entrepreneurship Education Project, this study tests a first-stage moderated mediation model in a two-step process. Findings Results show that entrepreneurial self-efficacy is positively related to entrepreneurial intentions through the partial mediating effect of entrepreneurial outcome expectations, and that this relationship is consistently significant and positive for individuals with lower, average and higher subjective norms towards entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications These findings contribute to the literature on entrepreneurial intentions by providing a comprehensive overlook on the mechanisms and boundary conditions relevant for intentions. Practical implications These results reinforce the need for educators and policy makers to ensure programs manage outcome expectations and recognize the role of peer, parent and mentor role models on the construction of these expectations and, consequently, on entrepreneurial intentions. Originality/value Exploring the combined effect of entrepreneurial outcome expectations as a mechanism and subjective norms as boundary conditions on the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions is an unexplored issue to date, and helps to understand how and why entrepreneurial intentions emerge.
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Blaese, Richard, Schneider Noemi, and Liebig Brigitte. "Should I Stay, or Should I Go? Job satisfaction as a moderating factor between outcome expectations and entrepreneurial intention among academics." International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 17, no. 3 (June 21, 2021): 1357–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11365-021-00744-8.
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AbstractBoth psychological and entrepreneurship research have highlighted the pivotal role of job satisfaction in the process of entrepreneurial career decisions. In support of this, mounting evidence point to inter-relationships between entrepreneurial intention, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Prior research operationalized entrepreneurial careers as an escape from poor work environments; thus, there is a lack of understanding regarding how job-satisfaction can trigger entrepreneurship within and related to the environment of universities. This study, draws on Social Cognitive Career Theory and the concept of entrepreneurial intention, to address whether the role of job satisfaction is a moderating factor between outcome expectations and entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, we examine to what extent (I) entrepreneurial intention and (II) spin-off intention are determined by certain outcome expectations and perceived behavioral control. To address these questions this study examined academic researchers in specialized and non-technical fields and builds on a survey of 593 academic researchers at Swiss Universities of Applied Science. The results showed that outcome expectations are a significant predictor for entrepreneurial intentions, in general, and spin-off intentions, in particular. A multi-group analysis corroborated that job satisfaction operates as a motivational factor in entrepreneurial transition and interactions with entrepreneurial outcome expectations. In conclusion, the concept of job satisfaction and Social Cognitive Career Theory were powerful constructs to better the understand the process of entrepreneurial career decisions by academic researchers.
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Bouchikhi, Hamid. "A Constructivist Framework for Understanding Entrepreneurship Performance." Organization Studies 14, no. 4 (July 1993): 549–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069301400405.
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This paper outlines a constructivist framework for understanding the outcomes of the entrepreneurial process. The core thesis of the paper is that, taken alone, neither the personality of the entrepreneur nor the structural characteristics of the environment determine the outcome. Rather, it is argued that the outcome of the entrepreneurial process is emergent from a complex interaction between the entrepreneur, the environment, chance events and prior performance. The framework is illustrated with evidence from biographies of six entrepreneurs involved in successful processes.
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Ip, Ching Yin, Tingna Zhuge, Yu Shan Chang, Ting-Huei Huang, and Yin-Lin Chen. "Exploring the Determinants of Nascent Social Entrepreneurial Behaviour." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 6 (March 17, 2022): 3556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063556.
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Following the emergence of social, environmental, and public health issues, this study analysed the determinants of nascent social entrepreneurial behaviour. This research investigated the effects of empathy and prior experience with social problems on nascent social entrepreneurial behaviour through social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, outcome expectations of social entrepreneurship, and perceived social support. Through utilising the quantitative survey method, this study gathered a total of 560 valid responses, comprising 258 Chinese respondents and 302 Taiwanese respondents. Outcome expectations and perceived social support positively influenced nascent social entrepreneurial behaviour for the Chinese sample, whereas social entrepreneurial self-efficacy and perceived social support positively influenced nascent social entrepreneurial behaviour for the Taiwanese sample. This research enriches the existing literature by taking account of social entrepreneurial behaviour, instead of merely analysing social entrepreneurial intentions.
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Ahsan, Mujtaba, and Albert Danso. "Examining the Antecedents and Outcome of Entrepreneurial Persistence." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 17765. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.17765abstract.
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Chen, Ying, Xiaohu Zhou, Guojun Yang, Jiani Bao, and Guan Wang. "Social networks as mediator in entrepreneurial optimism and new venture performance." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 45, no. 4 (May 7, 2017): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.5924.
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Although findings reported in an increasing number of studies shed light on the relationship between optimism and entrepreneurial outcomes, little is known of the mechanisms by which entrepreneurial optimism influences new venture performance. Researchers have found that people who are highly optimistic build more extensive social networks than others do, which can influence the outcome of their efforts. In order to explore the relationships among entrepreneurial optimism, social networks, and new venture performance, we analyzed data obtained from 142 Chinese entrepreneurs. Results indicated that entrepreneurial optimism had a significant impact on social network size, social network heterogeneity, and new venture performance. Social network size fully mediated the relationship between entrepreneurial optimism and new venture performance, but social network heterogeneity did not have a mediating role. These findings support the application of a social network perspective to gain a better understanding of the mechanism by which entrepreneurial optimism influences new venture performance.
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Agyapong, Ahmed, Patience Dakora Maaledidong, and Henry Kofi Mensah. "Performance outcome of entrepreneurial behavior of SMEs in a developing economy: the role of international mindset." Journal of Strategy and Management 14, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 227–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-07-2020-0173.
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PurposeDespite the burgeoning stream of research on the relationship between entrepreneurial behavior (EB) and performance, the linkage between entrepreneurial behaviour, international mindset and performance is still underexplored. Therefore, this study investigates how the international mindset moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial behavior and performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study's model is tested on a sample of 257 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in an emerging economy – Ghana – using a three-stage least squares estimator.FindingsResults indicate that an international mindset primarily fosters entrepreneurial behavior in driving performance over and above the unique positive contributions of entrepreneurial behavior and international mindset. Specifically, the study finds that at high levels of international mindset, the positive effects of innovativeness and risk-taking elements of entrepreneurial behavior becomes strengthened. The international mindset's moderating role on the entrepreneurial behavior-performance linkage shows that the international mindset makes SMEs more innovative and open to risk, hence affecting performance positively.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that, in the SME sector in the emerging economies, the relationship between the individual dimensions of entrepreneurial behavior and performance is contingent upon the role international mindset play in such a relationship. Further, this study explores how international mindset interacts uniquely with the EB (innovativeness, risk-taking and proactiveness) to predict performance.
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BUTLER, JOHN E., PHILLIP H. PHAN, BORJE O. SAXBERG, and SOON HOON LEE. "ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESSION, FIRM GROWTH AND PERFORMANCE." Journal of Enterprising Culture 09, no. 04 (December 2001): 407–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495801000213.
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This research examines business succession in small firms by presenting and testing a succession outcome decision model that is affected by the impact of family, performance, and strategy. Succession has been seen as an important issue in firms of all sizes, but the issue can be a much more personal one for entrepreneurs. Data were collected from a sample of 294 entrepreneurs using a questionnaire. These entrepreneurs were asked about the likelihood of various succession options, strategy, performance, and issues related to their family. Results indicated that in firms where family members were seen as making a positive impact to the firm's performance, entrepreneurs were more likely to see family member succession as the likely outcome. Historical performance did not have much impact on succession decisions, although expectations of poor future performance made family succession a less likely envisioned outcome.
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Tsolakidis, Panagiotis, Naoum Mylonas, and Eugenia Petridou. "The Impact of Imitation Strategies, Managerial and Entrepreneurial Skills on Startups’ Entrepreneurial Innovation." Economies 8, no. 4 (October 6, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8040081.
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The scope of this paper is to investigate whether imitation strategies adopted by startups are effective in the pursuit of enhanced entrepreneurial innovation. To this end, a literature review was carried out in order to develop a research framework with factors related to imitation predicting entrepreneurial innovation. Moreover, managerial skills and entrepreneurial skills were incorporated as predictors of entrepreneurial innovation. In this respect, a structured questionnaire was developed to address these research objectives, based on scales tested in previous studies. In 2020, a survey was conducted on 486 startup owners operating in Greece, and a total of 289 responses were received. A hierarchical regression analysis was employed in order to examine the research framework. In congruence with the hypotheses, the findings demonstrated that outcome-based imitation strategies and trait-based imitation strategies positively affect the development of entrepreneurial innovation. Moreover, the positive impact of managerial and entrepreneurial skills on the development of entrepreneurial innovation was also confirmed. In contrast, the findings suggest that frequency-based imitation strategies negatively predict entrepreneurial innovation. However, outcome-based imitation and trait-based imitation strategies have been shown as the determinants with a positive impact on entrepreneurial innovation.
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Bachri, Asep Sjamsul, and Ani Setiani. "The Influence of Creativity and Learning Innovation on Entrepreneurial Mentality and its Implications for Learning Outcomes." Dinamika Pendidikan 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v12i2.13563.
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This research aims to analyze the influence of creativity and learning innovation on entrepreneurial mentality and its implications on student learning outcomes. The research was carried out in the Economic Education Program of Universitas Pasundan Bandung with 43 students as the sample of the research. The research method used descriptive quantitative method with path analysis. The results of this study are: 1) Creativity variable is in good category, with an average score of 4.06; 2) Learning innovation variable is in good category, with the score of 4,17; 3) Entrepreneurial mental variable is in good category, with an average score of 4,14; 4) Student learning outcome variables are good, with an average score of 3.94; 5) There is influence of creativity (X1) to entrepreneurial mentality (Y) with total influence of 32,8%. Learning innovation (X2) to entrepreneurial mentality (y) with total influence of 30,47%. There is an influence of creativity (X1), and learning innovation (X2), simultaneously to entrepreneurial mentality (Y) with total influence of 63,3%; 6) There is an entrepreneurial mental effect (Y) on student learning outcomes (Z) of 67.7%. It can be concluded that there are influences between creativity and learning innovation towards entrepreneurship mentality and its implication for the student learning outcomes.
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Kurnia, Dede, and Muhammad Ngasifudin. "ANTESEDEN INTENSI WIRAUSAHA BERDASARKAN SOCIAL COGNITIVE CAREER THEORY." Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 10, no. 3 (December 28, 2021): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v10i3.47150.
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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine and analyze the mediating effect of entrepreneurial outcome expectations and entrepreneurial attitude on the influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention. This study uses a quantitative approach with explanatory survey methods. The data collection tool in this study uses a questionnaire. In contrast, in determining the number of samples, this study applied convenience sampling so as obtain 75 young people in district Sukaresik, Tasikmalaya. The analysis technique carried out in this study was regression-based Serial Multiple Mediators using Macro Process software developed by Andrew F. Hayes. The result showed that entrepreneurial self-efficacy to entrepreneurial intention has a direct influence. In addition, entrepreneurial outcome expectations and entrepreneurial attitudes also serially mediate the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions. The originality of this research is the adaptation of Social Cognitive Career Theory into entrepreneurial intention research which is still relatively rare. This research has a theoretical contribution to research on entrepreneurial intentions, which is still dominated by the theory of planned behavior developed by Icek Ajzen.JEL : M20, A22, I20.Keywords : entrepreneurial outcome expectations, entrepreneurial attitude, entrepreneurial intention. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta menganalisis efek mediasi harapan hasil kewirausahaan dan sikap kewirausahaan pada pengaruh efikasi diri kewirausahaan terhadap intensi wirausaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei eksplanotori. Adapun alat pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan dalam proses penentuan sampel penelitian ini menerapkan teknik convenience sampling sehingga didapatkan 75 orang pemuda di Kecamatan Sukaresik Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini Analisis Mediasi Serial Berbasis Pendekatan Regresi dengan menggunakan Software Macro PROCESS yang dikembangkan oleh Andrew F. Hayes. Hasil temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri kewirausahaan berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap intensi wirausaha, selain itu harapan hasil kewirausahaan dan sikap kewirausahaan juga secara serial memediasi pengaruh efikasi diri kewirausahaan terhadap intensi wirausaha. Orisinalitas dari penelitian ini adalah adaptasi Social Cognitive Career Theory ke dalam riset intensi wirausaha yang masih relatif jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini memiliki kontribusi teoretis dalam riset-riset intensi kewirausahaan yang selama ini masih didominasi oleh theory planned behavior yang dikembangkan oleh Icek Ajzen.
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Liao, Jianwen, Patrick J. Murphy, and Harold Welsch. "Developing and validating a construct of entrepreneurial intensity." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 8, no. 2 (March 1, 2005): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-08-02-2005-b004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this article we define, validate, and propose a construct of entrepreneurial intensity, or the degree of entrepreneurship in firms. First, in defining the construct, we explore theoretical differences between entrepreneurial intensity and orientation in order to distinguish it. Second, we empirically validate a measure of entrepreneurial intensity using data based on a sample of 563 entrepreneurs. Third, we propose avenues for research on how entrepreneurial intensity distinguishes entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial action. Finally, we detail theoretical implications of using entrepreneurial intensity as an antecedent and outcome.
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Camelo-Ordaz, Carmen, Juan Pablo Diánez-González, Noelia Franco-Leal, and José Ruiz-Navarro. "Recognition of entrepreneurial opportunity using a socio-cognitive approach." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 38, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 718–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242620939843.
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Drawing on social cognitive career theory and institutional theory, we develop a multilevel and integrative model to examine the influence of entrepreneurial cognition factors (entrepreneurial self-efficacy and outcome expectations) on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition (EOR). We also consider the moderating effect of contextual factors (normative and regulatory dimensions) on the relationship between entrepreneurial factors and EOR. We use the information provided by both the Adult Population Survey of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor project (2006–2016) and the Economic Freedom of the World 2018 Annual Report of the Fraser Institute. After combining both sources, we applied a multilevel analysis to a sample of 293,126 entrepreneurs from 97 countries. We found that self-efficacy and outcome expectations positively influence EOR. The regulatory and normative dimension positively moderates the relationship between self-efficacy and EOR, but the effects of outcome expectations on EOR are not reinforced by any institutional factors.
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Becherer, Richard C., Marilyn M. Helms, and John P. McDonald. "The effect of entrepreneurial marketing on outcome goals in SMEs." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-15-01-2012-b001.
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This study examines how entrepreneurial marketing dimensions (proactiveness, opportunity focused, leveraging, innovativeness, risk taking, value creation, and customer intensity) are related to qualitative and quantitative outcome measures for the SME and the entrepreneur (including company success, customer success, financial success, satisfaction with return goals, satisfaction with growth goals, excellence, and the entrepreneurʼs standard of living). Using factor analysis, three success outcome variables (financial, customer, and strong company success) emerged together. A separate factor analysis identified satisfactory growth and return goals. Stepwise regression revealed entrepreneurial marketing impacts outcome variables, particularly value creation. Implications for entrepreneurs and areas for research are included.
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Boast, Melanie. "Unlocking the value in patient-reported outcome measures." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363512x13189526438116.
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Svotwa, Tendai Douglas, Olumide Jaiyeoba, Mornay Roberts-Lombard, and Charles Makanyeza. "Perceived Access to Finance, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Attitude Toward Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Ability, and Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Botswana Youth Perspective." SAGE Open 12, no. 2 (April 2022): 215824402210964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221096437.
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Governments in emerging markets in Africa need to focus more on the factors that drive the entrepreneurial ability of the youth on the continent. This approach is required to lower unemployment levels through self-employment and stimulating entrepreneurial intentions among graduates. Considering this, the research aimed to determine the factors influencing youth entrepreneurial ability and their effect on entrepreneurial intentions. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey from 347 youths enrolled at five universities in Botswana and analyzed through structural equation modeling to test the formulated hypotheses. The results established that perceived access to finance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and attitude toward entrepreneurship positively influence entrepreneurial ability. In addition, entrepreneurial ability was found to positively affect entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, it is important for universities in developing markets like Botswana to stimulate entrepreneurial thinking through curriculum development and establishing a positive mindset that will stimulate the development of goals and the understanding that failure is not always a negative outcome or characteristic.
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Yong, Shee Mun. "EFFECTIVENESS OF TYPOLOGY AND LEARNING ENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY." International Journal of Management Studies (IJMS) Vol. 29, No. 1, January 2022 29, No.1 (December 23, 2021): 135–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/ijms2022.29.1.5.
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The introduction of entrepreneurship course as a core module in higher education institutions (HEIs) under the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2015–2025 has not increased entrepreneurship initiatives. This is partly attributed to ineffective implementation of entrepreneurship skills in the HEI curriculum. Although attempts were made to delineate the central phenomena of entrepreneurship learning to develop entrepreneurial competencies and intention, there was no consistent outcome. This comparative study used empirical data to investigate the contribution of multidisciplinary learning environment and the use of “Through” methodology as an entrepreneurial education pedagogy to develop entrepreneurial competencies and intention among students. A two-phase stratified single-stage cluster sampling approach was adopted that involved stratifying the entire population of 260 second-year degree students into learning environment strata and partitioning the strata into mutually exclusive entrepreneurial education pedagogy clusters. Data was collected from every single subject within the clusters. Descriptive analytical statistics was used in gauging the effectiveness of the research learning environment and typology pedagogy. The findings revealed that even though entrepreneurial intention remains a challenge, multidisciplinary learning environment that involves students from different disciplinary programs doing entrepreneurial ventures such as experiential learning and taking calculated business risks are most effective in inculcating entrepreneurial competencies. This study has shown that having the appropriate learning environment and typology pedagogy, including consideration of the psychological appeal of students are essential in nurturing entrepreneurial competencies among students. The outcome of this study provides a better understanding for both, HEI academicians and the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) in making entrepreneurship learning more relevant to produce students with entrepreneurial competencies.
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Mukesh, H. V., Abhishek S. Rao, and Rajasekharan Pillai K. "Entrepreneurial Potential and Higher Education System in India." Journal of Entrepreneurship 27, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 258–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971355718781275.
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Entrepreneurship education enhances the entrepreneurial potential of students, leading them to take up an entrepreneurial career. But, in India, a vast majority of youths with latent entrepreneurial potential are passing out of colleges without the needed basic entrepreneurial skills. The inconsistency towards entrepreneurship development policy is hurting the economy as a whole. The study analyses entrepreneurial potential of students and entrepreneurship education in the higher education system. It also examines whether there exists an alignment among them using the data triangulation method. The findings signify that entrepreneurial potential of students is on the upper side, and entrepreneurship education in higher education system is below average. The outcome of this study highlights the increasing need to focus on entrepreneurship education in higher education.
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Aboobaker, Nimitha, and Renjini D. "Human capital and entrepreneurial intentions: do entrepreneurship education and training provided by universities add value?" On the Horizon 28, no. 2 (March 16, 2020): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oth-11-2019-0077.
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Purpose In the context of conflicting results in the existing literature on the effectiveness of entrepreneurial education and training, this study aims to examine the effect of entrepreneurial training on perceived human capital and entrepreneurial intention of students. A deeper understanding of the effectiveness of entrepreneurship programs assumes significance, given the substantial policy support and budgetary spending on entrepreneurship education across the world, especially in emerging economies like India. Furthermore, the authors seek to examine if human capital mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial training and entrepreneurial intention. Design/methodology/approach In total, 330 final-year students who had undergone a mandatory course on “entrepreneurship and new venture planning” in various disciplines in science, technology and management were randomly selected as sample respondents. A self-administered and structured questionnaire that measured the attitude toward perceived effectiveness of entrepreneurial education and training, perceived human capital and the entrepreneurial intention was used to elicit responses. Findings Results revealed that entrepreneurial training and education are effective in eliciting an important student-level outcome of entrepreneurial intention. Furthermore, the study found that human capital significantly mediates the aforementioned relationship. Based on these findings, it is suggested to further the focus of entrepreneurial training programs conducted in universities and thus foster entrepreneurial outcomes among students. Originality/value This study adds to the body of knowledge, by examining if entrepreneurial education and training provided by universities indeed yield positive results in terms of higher intentions to engage in entrepreneurial activities, with emphasis on a large developing economy like India. Entrepreneurship development is widely recognized as an effective tool for the socio-economic development of societies in developing countries. This study, by establishing the efficacy of entrepreneurship education in creating entrepreneurial intention among young students, endorses the policy focus and resource spending on entrepreneurship training and education. Also, this study is pioneering in examining the mediating role of human capital in the aforementioned relationship.
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Pei, Xue-Liang, Tung-Ju Wu, Jia-Ning Guo, and Jia-Qi Hu. "Relationship between Entrepreneurial Team Characteristics and Venture Performance in China: From the Aspects of Cognition and Behaviors." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010377.
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Entrepreneurial and innovative activities are becoming a global economic and social phenomenon, especially in emerging economies. This study focuses on a typical emerging economy, China, and its entrepreneurial and innovative activities. On the basis of current research, the literature review and the chain of “cognition–behavior–outcome” are used for constructing the theoretical model for the relationship among entrepreneurial team cognition characteristics, behavior characteristics, and venture performance. A total of 101 valid copies of questionnaire are collected from entrepreneurial team members, as the research objects, and the structural equation modeling (SEM) method is applied to test the theoretical hypotheses. The research results reveal (1) significant effects of entrepreneurial team cognition characteristics and behavior characteristics on venture performance and (2) partial mediating effects of entrepreneurial team behavior characteristics on the relationship between cognition characteristics and venture performance. The research results are the expansion of research on entrepreneurial teams as well as the important reference for entrepreneurial team management and behavioral practice.
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Gillin, Laurence Murray, Rebecca Gagliardi, Laura Hougaz, David Knowles, and Michael Langhammer. "Teaching companies how to be entrepreneurial: cultural change at all levels." Journal of Business Strategy 40, no. 2 (April 15, 2019): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-09-2017-0138.
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Purpose This case study aims to show how a strategic intervention, using an in-house delivered university entrepreneurship education program, cultivates an entrepreneurial mindset and effective innovation culture amongst company staff. The intervention produces a measured change in staff decision making style from analytical to a more intuitive style. Also assessed is the resulting management-style change to the firm’s internal environment, strategic motivation and performance. Design/methodology/approach Through a qualitative longitudinal study of Partners and staff in the firm, the authors measure the impact of the selection, integration and performance of in-house entrepreneurship education on firm culture. Findings The authors identify organisation factors that inhibit staff entrepreneurial behaviour and by integrating an in-house education intervention, demonstrate unambiguously the resultant effective culture and entrepreneurial mindset. Research limitations/implications Generalising results from this single longitudinal case study requires caution. The positive outcome from the in-house education concept can be considered for further evaluation within other organisations. Practical implications Using an entrepreneurial health-audit to assess in-firm cultural behaviour enables management to identify factors fostering/inhibiting entrepreneurial activity and devise interventions to cultivate a firm-wide entrepreneurial mindset. Originality/value In-house education is not a new concept, but a targeted focus on entrepreneurship applied strategically to a committed firm shows outstanding results. The added-value is in the demonstrated enhancement to effective innovation outcomes.
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Fallah, Nasser, Gholam Reza Kiany, and Zia Tajeddin. "Exploring the Effect of an Entrepreneurship Awareness-raising Intervention on ELT Learners’ Entrepreneurial Intention, Mindset, Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectations." Language Teaching Research Quarterly 27 (June 2022): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2022.27.04.
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This experimental study aimed to explore the effect of entrepreneurship education among English language teaching (ELT) learners in Iran. To this end, an entrepreneurship awareness-raising intervention was designed and evaluated through a mixed-method explanatory sequential design with hypotheses rooted in social cognitive career theory. The effectiveness of the intervention was first investigated quantitatively through pre-test and post-test among 41 ELT learners. Then, semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 participants to triangulate and further explain the quantitative findings. The results of repeated measures of MANOVA revealed that ELT learners’ entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial mindset, and entrepreneurial outcome expectations improved significantly from pre-test to post-test under the effect of the intervention. Further, the findings of qualitative data analysis confirmed the quantitative results and revealed that all of the participants took great satisfaction in the course, and they believed that the effectiveness of the course was even beyond their expectations. Implications are discussed.
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Pallesen, Eva. "Creativity, Play and Listening: An Auditory Re-Conceptualization of Entrepreneurial Creation in the Context of New Public Management." Organization Studies 39, no. 2-3 (August 17, 2017): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840617717549.
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This article aims to re-conceptualize entrepreneurial creation in the context of New Public Management. While the latter has sought to ‘entrepreneurialize’ public sector employees by creating incentives for greater engagement in optimizing outcomes, the article departs from the premise that such an entrepreneurialization may more precisely be described as an ‘enterprising up’ of employees, placing strong emphasis on predefined outcomes and on eliminating the risk that input will not lead to the prescribed outcomes. Noting that this reasoning is fed by a prescriptive/retrospective logic, which tends to marginalize the openness of the ear-body, the article activates auditory concepts to (re)theorize entrepreneurial creation in the empirical context of a strong outcome focus. From ‘rhythm’, ‘composing’ and ‘crescendo’, entrepreneurial creation is theorized as a playful variation, which stays with process and allows the alterity of the other(ness) to resonate – and hence opens up a space for the qualitatively different to emerge. Hereby, the article seeks to contribute to a processual conceptualization of entrepreneurship as the creation of new in-betweens by providing (auditory) concepts that help us grasp this in-between as an emergent relational field of unactualized potential.
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Abu Zeid, Osama Ahmed, Farag Khalifa Omar, Jwan Alkhalil, and Bobby Mathew. "Assessment Tools for the Evaluation of the Level of Attainment of a Student Outcome Related to Entrepreneurial Activities." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 5, no. 4 (April 30, 2017): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol5.iss4.643.
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Mechanical engineering department at the United Arab Emirates University has added to the ABET student outcomes an additional outcome - “l: a recognition of the need for and an ability to engage in entrepreneurial activities”. This paper details the assessment tools employed in measuring the level of attainment of this student outcome as well as implementation approach. Several direct and indirect assessment tools are developed for measuring the level of attainment of this additional outcome. Direct assessment is carried out through courses, graduation project, and industrial training while indirect assessment is executed through student exit survey, employer survey, alumni survey, and faculty opinion. The average achievement level of this additional outcome, between 2011 to 2014, among graduates is 3.8/5.
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Well, Mareike, Barbara Saerbeck, Helge Jörgens, and Nina Kolleck. "Between Mandate and Motivation." Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 26, no. 1 (April 9, 2020): 99–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-02601006.
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Abstract International public administrations (IPA s) play a significant role for the success of multilateral negotiations. As the bureaucratic bodies of international organizations, they are deeply involved in international negotiations, but receive little credit for their outcomes. By studying the administrative styles of the Secretariat of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), this article arrives at an understanding of how this IPA aims at contributing to the outcome of multilateral climate change negotiations. Administrative styles can be conceived of, ideal typically, as being entrepreneurial or servant-like. The article observes that, despite a prohibitively strict mandate as a technocratic facilitator, the UNFCCC Secretariat adopts an entrepreneurial style at the policy initiation stage and a cautiously entrepreneurial style during the policy formulation phase. It has acquired a distinctive actor quality in the climate regime, motivated by a strong commitment to furthering meaningful cooperation and driving the UNFCCC process toward ambitious climate policies.
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Luu, Tuan Trong, Khai Dinh, and David Qian. "Ambidextrous leadership, entrepreneurial orientation and job crafting." European Business Review 31, no. 2 (March 11, 2019): 260–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ebr-06-2015-0061.
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Purpose The interaction between opening and closing behaviors of ambidextrous leadership produces “change” energy among employees. The purpose of this paper is to assess the role of ambidextrous leadership in fostering job crafting via entrepreneurial orientation. The paper also seeks an insight into how organizational social exchange moderates the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation. Design/methodology/approach Research data were garnered from 427 supervisor–subordinate dyads from software companies in the Vietnamese business context. Findings Research findings corroborated the positive relationship between ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation, which is positively associated with job crafting. Research results also provided evidence for the mediation role of entrepreneurial orientation for the positive link between ambidextrous leadership and job crafting, as well as for the moderation role of organizational social exchange for the effect of ambidextrous leadership on entrepreneurial orientation. Originality/value Research findings have extended ambidexterity theory of leadership by identifying job crafting as an outcome of ambidextrous leadership and entrepreneurial orientation as a mediator for this relationship.
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Jiang, Zhou, and Zhongmin Wang. "Entrepreneurial Intention and Outcome Expectancy: Evidence from South Korea and China." Contemporary Management Research 10, no. 3 (September 28, 2014): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.12012.
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Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Paola Isabel, María del Pilar Pastor Pérez, and Patricia Esther Alonso Galicia. "University entrepreneurship: how to trigger entrepreneurial intent of undergraduate students." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 10, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 927–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-04-2018-0037.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the elements and relationships that explain the entrepreneurial intent in university students, evaluating possible gender and degree differences. Design/methodology/approach The study is of quantitative approach, survey research design and cross-sectional method. The instrument used was a self-administered questionnaire answered by undergraduate university students enrolled in a public university. The sampling was stratified random, with a representative sample size of 734 cases. For data analysis and hypothesis testing, a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model were made. Findings The results show that the entrepreneurial self-efficacy attribute largely explains the entrepreneurial intent, while all other variables, such as entrepreneurial identity aspirations and outcome expectations, play a less important role but maintain some influence. Research limitations/implications According to the findings of this research, institutions of higher education should direct efforts to improve the entrepreneurial skills of students, especially for women. And the creation of an institutional entrepreneurial culture should also be emphasized so that the university students are able to build an entrepreneurial identity. Originality/value The value of the research is the proposed integrative model that explains how to trigger entrepreneurial intent, shows the prominent role of entrepreneurial self-efficacy as a predictor variable of entrepreneurial intent and the role of entrepreneur identity aspirations and entrepreneurial self-efficacy as mediating variables. Additionally, this research identifies differences in the model of entrepreneurial intent derived from the variables of gender and degrees.
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Lee, Chang Seek, Eun Kyung Ryu, and Ha Young Jang. "The Effects of Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Intention on Expected Outcomes of Startup: Moderated Mediation Effect of Growth Mindset." Research in World Economy 11, no. 2 (May 23, 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v11n2p105.
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Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating effects of the growth mindset on the mediating effects of entrepreneurial intention between the entrepreneurship and the expected outcomes of startup.Methods/Statistical analysis: A survey was conducted on 280 employees from H and D cities in Korea. Frequency analysis and correlation analysis were performed for this study. Finally, regression analysis was conducted to analyze the moderated mediation effects.Findings: The main findings were as follows. As a result of correlation analysis, a positive correlation was observed between all the major variables. The growth mindset had a moderating effect on the mediating effect of the entrepreneurial intention between the entrepreneurship and the expected outcomes of startup.Improvements/Applications: Based on the results of this study, we discussed ways to improve the outcome of start-up using entrepreneurship and growth mindset.
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Klucznik-Tӧrő, Agnieszka. "The New Progression Model of Entrepreneurial Education—Guideline for the Development of an Entrepreneurial University with a Sustainability Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 12, 2021): 11243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011243.
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Entrepreneurship is becoming understood as a set of competencies needed for many professions and, as a result, requires to be integrated into higher education even in such seemingly distant areas as, e.g., public administration, sport, agriculture, tourism, etc. Therefore, there is a need for research-based guidance on how to introduce and develop entrepreneurial education as an enabling approach to the transition in higher education that could serve as an integral part of a paradigm shift towards an entrepreneurial university. This paper aims to support that transition and to address related challenges by the presentation of a new progression model, which provides guidelines for the development of courses at the tertiary level with an entrepreneurial university approach. The construction of the new applicable model is central to the purpose of this study and based on a systematized literature review. Additionally, the input–process–output–outcome framework, originally constructed for the evaluation of educational programs, was adapted to the incorporation of an overall framework into the new model. In the results, the paper redefines some of the relevant core terms, such as “entrepreneurial education” and its “progression model”. The research outcomes offer broad practical and theoretical applicability to a range of stakeholders—educators, students/learners, industry/business, policy makers, and researchers.
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Zou, Bo, Yanxia Li, Jinyu Guo, and Feng Guo. "Antecedents and outcome of entrepreneurial identification: The moderating effect of role orientation." Science and Public Policy 46, no. 4 (March 19, 2019): 541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scz006.
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Abstract This article focuses on the entrepreneurial identification (EI), through the perspectives of social identity theory and identity theory. Using an empirical method, we investigate factors that affect the formation of EI. Results show that academic entrepreneurs’ multiple identities (MI) and role conflict (RC) influence such type of formation. Moreover, we use role orientation (RO) as a moderating variable and find that, although RO of academic entrepreneurs can moderate the relationship between RC and EI, the effect of MI on EI cannot be moderated by ROin a significant way. We also discuss and validate the relationship between EI and academic entrepreneurial performance. These findings highlight the importance of certain factors in forming anEI, thus providing theoretical contributions of RO moderation in the relationship between RC and EI, as well as insights into the integration of social identity theory with identity theory.
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Saville, Adrian David, Philip Powell, Tashmia Ismail-Saville, and Morris Mthombeni. "Quali health: creating access to quality healthcare for South Africa’s excluded majority." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 10, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-10-2019-0253.
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Learning outcomes For discussion of social entrepreneurship in middle-income economies, emerging markets generally and Africa, specifically, Quali Health presents interesting questions about entrepreneurial funding, scaling and the interplay between social entrepreneurial activities and the informal sector. Case overview/synopsis South Africa’s primary health outcomes do not correspond to the country’s spending on public health, with South Africa ranking among the worst globally in the incidence of tuberculosis, HIV prevalence, infant mortality and life expectancy. In part, this poor outcome can be explained by high inequality in access to healthcare, which reflects South Africa’s grossly skewed income and wealth distributions, with the bulk of the country’s population reliant upon an underfunded, inefficient and poorly managed public health system. This substandard service for the working poor in South Africa’s townships with high population densities offered a profitable entrepreneurial opportunity to provide affordable and effective primary care with vast gains in quality and outcomes improved dignity for patients. After receiving her MBA, physician and entrepreneur Dr Nthabiseng Legoete self-funded the launch of Quali Health in 2017. The business model set out to disrupt healthcare delivery for South Africa’s poorest citizens. Drawing patients from the working poor in Diepsloot, Quali Health’s inaugural site was cash flow positive within five months when the facility hit only 30% of installed service capacity. With quick success, Dr Legoete faced the strategic question of how fast to scale and finance the expansion. She also considered a new micro-insurance product for her clientele. Complexity academic level For discussion of social entrepreneurship in middle-income economies, emerging markets generally and Africa, specifically, Quali Health presents interesting questions about entrepreneurial funding, scaling and the interplay between social entrepreneurial activities and the informal sector. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS: 3 Entrepreneurship.
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Roundy, Philip T. "“Small town” entrepreneurial ecosystems." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 9, no. 3 (September 4, 2017): 238–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-09-2016-0040.
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Purpose Entrepreneurial ecosystems are receiving growing attention from scholars, practitioners and policy-makers in both developed and developing countries. Studies of this phenomenon have focused almost exclusively on ecosystems in large, urbanized regions and metropolitan areas, located primarily in developed economies. However, the prevalence of small cities across the globe and the increasing acknowledgment that entrepreneurship in small towns is a key determinant of their economic development and rejuvenation suggests that entrepreneurial ecosystems research would benefit from a broader lens of inquiry. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to introduce a framework for studying entrepreneurial ecosystems in small towns. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper introduces the concept of small town entrepreneurial ecosystems (STEEs), draws from a wide-ranging set of disciplines to delineate the ways in which small town ecosystems are similar to and different than their larger counterparts and theorizes about several strategies STEEs use to overcome their limitations. Findings It is theorized that entrepreneurship in small cities is best conceptualized as the outcome of an ecosystem, which means that although small towns may not have some of the same key components as entrepreneurial ecosystems in large urban centers, other elements of the ecosystem may be able to bolster these deficiencies. It also suggests that those attempting to create or develop small town ecosystems may need to be entrepreneurial in the way they attract, view and utilize resources. Finally, it is theorized that small cities may be able to engage in several strategies to overcome their limitations and create vibrant entrepreneurial communities. Originality/value The theory developed produces implications for scholars focused on entrepreneurial ecosystems, economic development and emerging economies and suggests practical implications for policy-makers and development organizations seeking to improve the economic landscape of small cities.
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Radu-Lefebvre, Miruna, Christophe Loué, and Renaud Redien-Collot. "Contextualizing Entrepreneurial Legitimacy: The Interplay of Internal and External Social Representations." Journal of Enterprising Culture 27, no. 01 (March 2019): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495819500018.
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Entrepreneurial legitimacy has been described as a trigger of entrepreneurial career choice and motivation, meaning that the propensity of an individual to engage in an entrepreneurial career increases with the social legitimacy of the career. However, more than a predictor of entrepreneurial success, entrepreneurial legitimacy is a complex social construct that determines the diffusion of entrepreneurial culture in different countries. This article aims to contribute to contextualizing entrepreneurial legitimacy by acknowledging its social genesis and dynamics, and by showing the variety of social interactions that it encompasses. The article examines the discursive strategies that entrepreneurs use to gain legitimacy among their audiences, and studies the representations and expectations attached to the figure of the entrepreneur by current and aspiring students in a Master’s program in Entrepreneurship. We gather the views of three social groups that actively engage in the social construction of entrepreneurial legitimacy in order to identify their convergent and divergent social representations of what it means to “be an entrepreneur.” Based on a questionnaire survey of 529 French participants and on 30 qualitative interviews, we present and compare the social representations of French entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship held by SME entrepreneurs and current and potential students in a Master’s in entrepreneurship program. We found that entrepreneurial legitimacy is a collective outcome of various social representations circulating in the public space that affects entrepreneurs’ ability to develop their businesses and their identities, along with their willingness and capacity to promote the entrepreneurial spirit in society.
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Baciu, Elena-Loreni, Delia Vîrgă, and Theofild-Andrei Lazăr. "What Characteristics Help Entrepreneurs ‘Make It’ Early on in Their Entrepreneurial Careers? Findings of a Regional Study from Romania." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 5028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125028.
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Entrepreneurship plays an essential role in modern urban growth and development. Successful businesses engage more growth potential, but also failed ones produce significant losses. Therefore, in order to reduce losses, it becomes important to understand what contributes to entrepreneurial success. Based the character-based approach, the current study considers the entrepreneur a critical agent for the survival and success of the business, and aims to examine the differences between successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs in terms of human capital and personal characteristics. The sample consisted of 123 Romanian nascent urban entrepreneurs who participated in a government sponsored entrepreneurial support program and competed for a subsidy to start their business. A positive outcome in the competition (achieved by 39 study participants) was considered as entrepreneurial success. Based on the competition outcome, we split the sample in successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs and analyzed the differences between the two groups from the perspective of human capital and personal characteristics. In terms of human capital (education, professional experience, age, and sex), the results showed small differences between the successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs in the sample. In terms of personal characteristics, compared to their unsuccessful counterparts, the successful entrepreneurs registered increased levels of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and of problem-solving confidence, higher levels of trust in their capacity of taking up challenges, increased levels of adaptive assertiveness, and a greater confidence in their ability to control their entrepreneurial behaviour. No significant differences were recorded for the need for autonomy, tolerance of ambiguity, risk-taking propensity, impulsivity, and interpersonal reactivity. The findings indicate that the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs may have different influences on their success, depending on the stage in their entrepreneurial career.
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Anderson, Alistair R., and Sarah L. Jack. "The production of prestige: An entrepreneurial Viagra." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 1, no. 1 (February 2000): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/146575030000100106.
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The social context plays a role in entrepreneurial activity: it shapes perceptions, evaluations and the recognition of opportunity. But one aspect of context is relationships, where it has been found that the search for status provides a stimulus that not only promotes businesses, but affects how they are run. An ethnographic approach was used to examine the activities of 60 rural entrepreneurs in the UK, and six cases are presented to demonstrate the operation of the production of prestige. Conspicuous production provides a heuristic explanatory variable of process and outcome, and enriches our understanding of the entrepreneurial process.
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St-Jean, Etienne, and François Labelle. "Wanting to change the world, is it too much of a good thing? How sustainable orientation shapes entrepreneurial behaviour." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 24, no. 6 (October 1, 2018): 1075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-03-2018-0130.
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PurposeWhen pursuing a sustainable orientation (SO), entrepreneurs can resolve environmental and social problems and act as change agents by pursuing opportunities related to market failures. While many studies focus on entrepreneurial intention, very few try to explain entrepreneurial behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the circumstances under which people could be led to become sustainable entrepreneurs. It examines the effect of SO, as well as the entrepreneurial motivation to change society as key drivers of entrepreneurial behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested in three waves (six-month interval) on a sample of 197 university students that are neither entrepreneurs, nor involved in any entrepreneurial processes. The authors measured entrepreneurial behaviour as a dependent variable and used subjective norms towards entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial attitude as well as entrepreneurial motivation and SO as independent variables.FindingsContrary to the expectations, sustainability orientation has a negative impact on entrepreneurial action. However, individuals who think that entrepreneurship can change society (instrumentality) exhibit higher entrepreneurial action. Furthermore, this belief positively moderates the negative impact of SO on entrepreneurial action. In other words, if someone thinks that entrepreneurship can change the world, not only he/she is more inclined to engage in entrepreneurial actions but their values of SO will not decrease their entrepreneurial action.Research limitations/implicationsA longer timeframe of longitudinal research is needed to overcome the limitation regarding the assessment of entrepreneurial action.Practical implicationsAs a practical implication, educators who want to engage their institution as an engine of change towards sustainable development could highlight cases of sustainable businesses where profits, environmental and social issues were not neglected to improve the perceived feasibility and thus, entrepreneurial action.Originality/valueResults demonstrate the negative effect of SO on entrepreneurship as a career choice, but not for those who believe that they can change society through this mean. This research highlights the relevance of Socio Cognitive Career Theory in the field of entrepreneurship, especially the neglected effect of outcome expectations on entrepreneurship as a career choice.
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Lechner, Christian, and Christophe Leyronas. "Small–Business Group Formation as an Entrepreneurial Development Model." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33, no. 3 (May 2009): 645–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00320.x.
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Why do small–business groups in developed countries exist? Research has shown the strong economic impact of business groups throughout the world but remains heavily focused on large–business groups and on emerging economies. Theoretical approaches to explain the existence of highly diversified business groups range from market power to the resource–based view and include market failure, transaction costs, agency theory, and cultural embeddedness. These approaches, however, are not very appropriate to explain the existence of small to medium–size firms in developed countries. What we know is that these smaller groups exist and that they are largely the outcome of related diversification. We investigate relatively small and young–business groups organized in a holding structure. What are the perceived benefits of this kind of group for entrepreneurs and how can we explain the phenomenon theoretically? Based on case study research, we argue that the small–business group is both the outcome and the antecedent of growth. It enables, and helps to realize and manage the growth of entrepreneurial firms. The enabling function consists in increasing reputation, attracting complementary resources that facilitate the exploitation of new opportunities, overcoming overembeddedness, and dealing with coopetition (concurrent cooperative and competitive relationships with another company). The group is also the outcome of realized internationalization and related diversification. Interestingly, for the emergence of the small–business group, just as important as diversification is the integration of activities as well as the separation of closely linked activities. Finally, the small–business group corresponds to an entrepreneurial management style. The main contribution of this article is to link organizational structure to the management and growth of entrepreneurial firms.
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Van Wyk, Rene, and Mandla Adonisi. "The role of entrepreneurial characteristics in predicting job satisfaction." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 11, no. 4 (August 23, 2011): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v11i4.266.
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This study investigates the prediction of job satisfaction using the important entrepreneurial characteristics of corporate entrepreneurship (CE), market orientation (MO) and organisational flexibility (F). In this study, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to predict the causal relationship between these entrepreneurial characteristics and job satisfaction (JS) as the outcome variable. It was found that the corporate entrepreneurship factors of work discretion, work improvement and rewards/reinforcement displayed a statistically significant common variance of ≥ 25.00 with extrinsic job satisfaction. The four Structural Equation Models built in this study indicated a reasonable to good fit with the data. Since all the entrepreneurial variables investigated can be controlled by management, it follows that the application of the research findings of this study can go a long way toward improving job satisfaction and possibly organisational performance through innovative entrepreneurial activities.
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Zou, Bo, Yanxia Li, Jinyu Guo, and Feng Guo. "Antecedents and Outcome of Entrepreneurial Identification: the Moderating Effect of Role Orientation." Academy of Management Proceedings 2018, no. 1 (August 2018): 15888. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2018.15888abstract.
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Adebusuyi, Adeola Samuel, and Olubusayo Foluso Adebusuyi. "The influence of social class on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and outcome expectations." Small Enterprise Research 27, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2020.1844044.
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Dai, Shengli, Hongyan Xue, Yuan Jiang, Wei Zhang, and Xin Zhang. "Sustainable Entrepreneurship Team Scale Development: A Complex Systems Perspective." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (November 14, 2018): 4199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114199.
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This paper primarily focuses on two questions: (1) “How is a sustainable entrepreneurship team (SET) formed?”; and (2) “What factors contribute to effective SET?”. Based on the model of Baron and Henry (2011), we adopt a process view of SET development and propose a conceptual model of a SET work that includes four key elements: (1) Sustainable entrepreneurial motivation; (2) sustainable entrepreneurial opportunity recognition; (3) knowledge resources acquirement; and (4) sustainable entrepreneurial outcome. Furthermore, based on complex systems theory, we elaborate on how individual entrepreneurs form a SET. We also develop a SET scale and provide some initial empirical support for our conceptual model. Finally, based on our qualitative and quantitative results, we offer suggestions for Research Question 2.
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Zhang, Junjie, Rongyao Chen, and Weibin Wang. "Internationalization of Chinese Born Global Companies: An analysis from Entrepreneurial Perspective." International Business Research 9, no. 12 (November 16, 2016): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n12p110.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
<p>Faced with world economy development and global market integration, the concept of born global comes into being in the late 1980s and have raised great amount of scholars’ research interests and enthusiasm. Based on established born global research outcomes derived from developed nations, the paper explores the contributing factors of Chinese born global companies’ formation by centering on elements of entrepreneurship, niche market, international management background and networks research. In addition, the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of this distinct phenomenon through entrepreneur’s capabilities perspective. The research outcome indicates that entrepreneur’s capabilities including learning ability and networking ability have direct and positive impact on Chinese born global companies’ international activities. Besides, firm founders’ entrepreneurial orientation also plays the moderating role within that influence mechanism.</p>