Статті в журналах: "Entrepreneurial decisions"

1

Roundy, Philip T., David A. Harrison, Susanna Khavul, Liliana Pérez-Nordtvedt, and Jeffrey E. McGee. "Entrepreneurial alertness as a pathway to strategic decisions and organizational performance." Strategic Organization 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 192–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476127017693970.

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Entrepreneurial alertness can play a vital role in the identification and creation of opportunities involving early-stage ventures. However, the strategic function of entrepreneurial alertness in more mature organizations has not been explored. In a field study of organizations responding to an environmental disruption, we explore if entrepreneurial alertness influences decisions involving the creation and maintenance of competitive advantage. We find a direct effect of entrepreneurial alertness on strategic change decisions and organizational performance. Moreover, we find a synergistic influence of entrepreneurial alertness and other cognitions, including issue categorization and assessments of uncertainty, on strategic decisions. Findings demonstrate that managerial decision makers can take multiple, reinforcing pathways when heeding change.

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Nouri, Pouria, Narges Imanipour, and Abdollah Ahmadikafeshani. "Exploring female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions with a heuristics and biases approach." Gender in Management: An International Journal 34, no. 8 (October 25, 2019): 623–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gm-11-2018-0155.

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Purpose This study furthers the body of knowledge on entrepreneurial decision-making, entrepreneurial marketing and female entrepreneurs by exploring practical implications of heuristics and biases in female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions. Heuristics and biases influence many entrepreneurial decisions. Moreover, some of the most important entrepreneurial decisions are marketing-related. Given that the entrepreneurial marketing behavior emanates from entrepreneurial thinking and decision-making, one may conclude that female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions are susceptible to heuristics and biases. This paper aims to explore the outcomes of heuristics and biases in entrepreneurial marketing decisions. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with 19 Iranian female biotech entrepreneurs and analyzed by thematic analysis. Findings The findings indicate that introducing pioneering products to the market, overestimating product’s market appeal, unprepared entry, underestimating the competition, overcoming entry impediments, entry postponement, growth, success in incremental innovation and failure in radical innovation are the main outcomes of the identified heuristics and biases in the female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions. Practical implications This paper has some precious practical implications for marketers as well as female entrepreneurs running small businesses. Generally speaking, reducing the negative impacts of the identified heuristics and biases of this study while enhancing their positive effects will increase the chances of female entrepreneurs to compete and succeed in tumultuous markets. Furthermore, our most important managerial implication is regarding overconfidence, which was very common in the female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions by having various positive and negative outcomes. Thus, female entrepreneurs should be careful of this fateful bias in their decisions by knowing the most common signs of overconfidence. Originality/value This paper is unique because of not only identifying the main heuristics and biases but also their major outcomes in entrepreneurs’ major marketing decisions. Moreover, this paper is a pioneer in exploring heuristics and biases in female entrepreneurs’ decisions.

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Farsi, Jahangir Yadollahi, Pouria Nouri, and Abdolah Ahmadi Kafeshani. "Identifying Decision Making Biases in Entrepreneurial Opportunity Exploitation Decisions." International Business Research 9, no. 5 (April 18, 2016): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n5p158.

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<p>Opportunities are the core of entrepreneurial process. By identifying, evaluating and exploiting lucrative opportunities, not only do entrepreneurs make profits for themselves, they also propel their societies to prosperity. In order to exploit opportunities, entrepreneurs need to make various decisions based on their evaluation of opportunities as well as their own capabilities. Most of the time, theses decision are made under reverse circumstances rife with uncertainty, ambiguity, lack of needed resources as well as high time pressure. Thus, it seems reasonable to hypothesize that entrepreneurs’ decisions to exploit opportunities are prone to decision making biases. In order to test this hypothesis, this paper conducted a qualitative content analysis approach by interviewing 17 Iranian entrepreneurs. According to our findings, overconfidence, escalation of commitment, planning fallacy and illusion of control are the common decision making biases in entrepreneurs’ decisions to exploit opportunities.</p>

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Holtz-Eakin, Douglas, David Joulfaian, and Harvey S. Rosen. "Entrepreneurial Decisions and Liquidity Constraints." RAND Journal of Economics 25, no. 2 (1994): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2555834.

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Kwasi Mensah, Emmanuel, Lawrence Adu Asamoah, and Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi. "Entrepreneurial opportunity decisions under uncertainty: Recognizing the complementing role of personality traits and cognitive skills." Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation 17, no. 1 (2021): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20211711.

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Purpose: The aim of this paper focuses on advancing the entrepreneurial literature by enhancing the understanding of the connections between personal behavior and cognitive skills in decision making under uncertainty. Methodology: The method of this research has been adapted the framework used by Garrett and Holland (2015), who developed propositions from the conceptual narratives of how environmental uncertainty and complexity differentially affect the motivations and cognition of independent entrepreneurs and corporate entrepreneurs to engage in entrepreneurial action. Findings: The findings of this research provide a conceptual basis for a broader perspective on behaviors and cognitions that motivate or hinder entrepreneurial actions while at the same time, positioning the entrepreneur’s decision at the core of decision theory. Implications for theory and practice: Theoretically, this research contributes to a holistic view of opportunity decisions. It redirects the traditional analyses path of entrepreneurial decisions discussed distinctively from the personal behavior or cognition paradigm, which does not provide a complete view into the larger entrepreneurial decisions under uncertainty. Practically, our argument provides further insight into the black box of entrepreneurial opportunity decisions under uncertainty and thus highlights the need for a broader perspective for the entrepreneur, especially in the early stage of venture formation, where some cognitions and required personal attributes are needed in consonance for entrepreneurial action. Originality and value: Entrepreneurship research on decision making under uncertainty has mainly focused on the effect of uncertainty on entrepreneurial actions, while an attempt at the individual level, particularly, from the cognitive framework seeks to explain why actions differ. Scholarly efforts have also been made on what informs entrepreneurial actions from the perspective of the entrepreneur’s personal attributes. However, no integrated approach is offered in the literature to study how cognitive skills and personality traits complement each other.

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Vershinina, Natalia, Rowena Barrett, and Peter McHardy. "Logics and rationalisations underpinning entrepreneurial decision-making." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 24, no. 1 (February 20, 2017): 158–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-06-2016-0092.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the logics that expert entrepreneurs use when faced with a critical incident threat. Design/methodology/approach Attempts have been made to define “entrepreneurial logic”. This paper is influenced by Sarasvathy’s work on high-performance entrepreneurs, which finds that when faced with uncertainty entrepreneurs employ unconventional logic, and encompasses later research acknowledging social contexts where entrepreneurs operate. A typology of decision-making logics is developed, taking into account the situation of crisis. Seven expert entrepreneurs who faced crisis and, despite this, are still successfully operating businesses were interviewed. The paper develops a critical incidents methodology. Findings Experienced entrepreneurs were found to tend towards causal logic when “the stakes were high” and the decision may affect the survival of their business. They also weigh up options before acting and tend to seek advice from trusted “others” within their network before or after they have made a decision. A mixture of causal and intuitive logic is evident in decisions dealing with internal business problems. Research limitations/implications The decisions that entrepreneurs make shape and define their business and their ability to recover from crisis. If researchers can develop an understanding of how entrepreneurs make decisions – what information they draw upon, what support systems they use and the logic of their decision-making and rationalisation – then this can be used to help structure support. Originality/value By exploring decision-making through critical incidents we offer an innovative way to understand context-rich, first-hand experiences and behaviours of entrepreneurs around a focal point.

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DS, Yudha Mahrom, Diah Isnaini Asiati, and Gumar Herudiansyah. "PENGARUH MOTIVASI, PERSEPSI DAN PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN BERWIRAUSAHA MASYARAKAT DIKECAMATAN SEBERANG ULU I PALEMBANG." Jemasi: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi 18, no. 1 (July 3, 2022): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/jemasi.v18i1.526.

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The encouraging efforts of economic growth through the development of entrepreneurship programs continue to be done. Following this, various entrepreneurship studies are also continuously evaluated in order to optimize the results. One of these studies is to determine the effect of motivation, perception, and learning process, on community entrepreneurial decisions in Seberang Ulu II District, Palembang City, South Sumatera Province. This research is an associative type, which tries to link the variables of motivation, perception, learning process, with entrepreneurial decisions. The sample used was 100 respondents who were taken by purposive sampling. The main data used is primary data with the data collection method using a questionnaire. The analysis method in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the hypothesis proof show that 1) there is a significant influence of motivation, perception, and learning process, on entrepreneurial decisions; 2) there is a significant influence of motivation on entrepreneurial decisions; 3) there is a significant effect of perception on entrepreneurial decisions; and 4) there is no significant effect of learning process on entrepreneurial decisions. The value of determination coefficient shows that the variables of motivation, perception, and learning process, are able to contribute to the ups and downs of entrepreneurial decisions in the amount of 7.1%.

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8

Malasowe, B. O., and A. Emuobonuvie. "Modelling Entrepreneurial Decision Making Process Using Fuzzy Inference Systems." Advances in Multidisciplinary and scientific Research Journal Publication 29 (December 15, 2021): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/abmic2021-v2-p8.

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The essence of Entrepreneurship is making decisions that are constantly required to evaluate alternatives and make decisions regarding a wide range of matters. Decision making involves a lot of uncertainty and risk which poses serious challenges for Entrepreneurs to joggle among them in other to take the best decision. Study have shown that focus has been mainly on the analysis of the characteristics of potential entrepreneurs and the firm-creation process leaving the critical incredient that will help in decision making. The increasing challenges and complexity of business environments are making business decisions and operations more difficult for entrepreneurs to predict the outcomes of these processes. Hence, this paper proposes a decision support model -Fuzzy Inference System- that could be adapted for various business decision processes. This system has the capability to handle decision making, by critically considering the degree of membership of all the risk involved in a given problem space. The model uses the concept of fuzzy set theory to judiciously select the variables in a given problem space in an uncertain situations. From a real life practical point of view, this theory offers a natural approach to the resolution of multidimensional and complex problems when the available information is sparse and/or of poor quality. The fuzzy rule base sytem soften the adverse effects that a business may suffer from these uncertain factors. Keywords: Fuzzy logic, Membership functions, Decision, Fuzzy Set, Entrepreneur

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9

Macovei, Valentina, and Birgit Hagen. "Entrepreneurial Logics in International Entry Mode Decisions." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 10, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2021040101.

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The aim of this paper is, through a two-staged literature review, to identify the role and impact of causation, effectuation, and bricolage logics during internationalization and, in particular, in entry-mode choice. The results show that entrepreneurs in their internationalization decisions can follow one, a combination, or a sequence of logics depending on the venture's or its international lifecycle and experience, the (perceptions of) internal and external context, and network relations. Likewise, entry modes such as JVs, strategic alliances, and export can be driven by different logics or their combination, while foreign direct investment is predominantly driven by causation logic. Bricolage has received little attention in extant work and, thus, is a future avenue for research. Research, although growing in importance, falls short of longitudinal studies, which are necessary to identify shifts, and, importantly, performance consequences of different decision-making logics.

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Ratten, Vanessa. "Mobile Banking Innovations and Entrepreneurial Adoption Decisions." International Journal of E-Entrepreneurship and Innovation 2, no. 2 (April 2011): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeei.2011040103.

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This paper examines an individual’s entrepreneurial adoption decisions to use mobile banking for both business and social reasons. A conceptual model based on social cognitive theory is developed to explain an individual’s propensity to adopt mobile banking. The theoretical framework examines how advertising, experience, perceived risk, learning inclination, and entrepreneurial proclivity influence a person’s intention to use mobile banking. This paper stresses the role of financial risk in determining a person’s intention to use mobile banking and whether their entrepreneurial nature is influenced by their experience and advertising they are subjected to about the advantages or disadvantages of mobile banking. This paper ties together research on technological innovation with entrepreneurship and learning studies. The author stresses the importance for financial institutions to market the innovativeness of mobile banking whilst addressing security concerns. The impact of a person’s social environment through personal contacts and acquaintances underpins social cognitive theory and helps to understand the motives for a person adopting mobile banking. The paper integrates mobile banking literature with current thinking on the importance of entrepreneurship and learning influences to how a person adopts a technological innovation.

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11

Clark, Daniel Richard. "Familiarity vs. Experience in Entrepreneurial Internationalization Decisions." Academy of Management Proceedings 2015, no. 1 (January 2015): 18035. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2015.18035abstract.

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Lin, Daomi, Jiangyong Lu, Xiaohui Liu, and Xiru Zhang. "International knowledge brokerage and returnees’ entrepreneurial decisions." Journal of International Business Studies 47, no. 3 (February 25, 2016): 295–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2016.1.

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Wei, Xuan, and Honggen Zhu. "Return migrants’ entrepreneurial decisions in rural China." Asian Population Studies 16, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2020.1718358.

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14

Breugst, Nicola, and Holger Patzelt. "Thinking about Team Decisions in Entrepreneurial Tasks." Academy of Management Proceedings 2014, no. 1 (January 2014): 11828. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2014.11828abstract.

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15

Ruzzier, Mitja, Evan J. Douglas, Maja Konečnik Ruzzier, and Jana Hojnik. "International Entrepreneurial Orientation and the Intention to Internationalize." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 14, 2020): 5647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145647.

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This paper presents a conceptual model of international entrepreneurial intention (IEI) through the lens of planned behavior and expectancy-valence theories. Extending the entrepreneurial intentions literature, where attitude to sustainability has started to have an increasingly important influence, to post-launch decisions, we provide an improved theoretical rationale for new venture internationalization, clarify the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and IEI, and more closely align the international entrepreneurship literature with mainstream entrepreneurship literature. In this model, IEI is influenced by the entrepreneur’s attitudes to sustainability, learning, risk, work enjoyment, and work effort, moderated by entrepreneur’s perceived feasibility to act entrepreneurially, and determines the firm-level EO, which may culminate in the internationalization of a new or existing venture.

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Banikema, Annie, and Thrycia Tite. "CAUSAL OR EFFECTUAL? AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON WOMEN’S ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOR AND DECISION-MAKING LOGIC." Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan 20, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/jmk.20.2.73-79.

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Basing on the principle of causation vs effectuation, we try in this research to undersantand women’s entrepreneurial process and their decision-making logic in the process of entrepreneurial action. Specifically, we seek (1) to understand under what conditions female entrepreneurs mobilize effectual rationality or causal rationality to make decisions and act and (2) to explain the preference for causal or effectual behavior among female entrepreneurs. Research method includes a qualitative approach, through In-depth and semi-structured interviews. Those were conducted with 10 female entrepreneurs, at different stage of their entrepreneurial process, and analyzed through a content analysis. Consistent with existing literature, our results highlight variables that can potentially influence the use of effectual or causal logic: Entrepreneurial expertise and entrepreneurial uncertainty. More interesting this research points out the link between entrepreneurial mo-tivations and the type of decision-making logic used by female entrepreneurs

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Purba, Rakhmawati, and Sri Winda Hardiyanti Damanik. "The Effect of Enterprise Characteristics and Self Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Decisions." BASKARA : Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/baskara.3.2.49-57.

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Entrepreneurs are people who have a mental attitude and spirit who are always active, creative, innovative, inventive, initiative and trying to increase income by providing added value to society in their business activities. Young people have started to instill an entrepreneurial spirit since attending school by incorporating entrepreneurial lessons and practices in school. It is intended that after completing education in school, every student has the viewpoint of creating jobs that can support their needs and does not always have the view of working as an employee, both civil servants and private employees. The problem we are facing is that the unemployment rate is getting higher every day and generally after completing their education most of the students become unemployed because there are very few jobs and lack of costs to continue their education to a higher level. This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial decisions among Madrasah Aliyah students. The independent variables of this study are entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy, while the dependent variable is entrepreneurial decisions. This research is a quantitative descriptive study. The population in this study were students of class XII Madrasah Aliyah. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 36 students. The data collection technique used was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis. The data used are primary data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial characteristics and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial decisions.

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Yildiz, Kadir. "The Effect of Career Decisions on Entrepreneurial Intention Levels of University Students Studying Sport Sciences." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 4a (April 9, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i4a.3112.

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This study investigates the entrepreneurial intention levels and career decisions of a sample of 340 university students studying sport sciences. Entrepreneurship refers to a career-related choice that is driven by a risk-taking and innovation imperative. Entrepreneurs of the future are expected to make their career related choices well before they move into labor markets. In this context, this study attempts to designate young adults’ entrepreneurial intentions which are considered to be highly related with their career decisions. The study also tests the potential effects of career decisions on entrepreneurial intentions. The findings of the study evidence the significant effect of conscious career choice on entrepreneurial propensity. A blind career choice is found to be also correlated with entrepreneurial intentions, albeit less so than the conscious career choice. The environmental factors subscale of career choice proves to be insignificant in terms of entrepreneurial propensity within the scope of this study’s sample group. Findings are discussed with a view to practical implications.

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Ferreira, Karina Fernanda Oliveira, Liliane de Oliveira Guimarães, Paula Karina Salume, and Maria Luiza de Fátima Costa Proença Doyle. "Analysis of the entrepreneurial process from effectuation and causation logic: a case study in two companies from Minas Gerais." Revista de Administração da UFSM 15, no. 1 (April 19, 2022): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1983465964831.

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Objective: The article aimed to analyze how the effectuation and causation logics were used in the entrepreneurial process of two companies from Minas Gerais. The effectuation logic is based on issues related to the entrepreneur's decision making and contrasts with the causation logic - which refers to traditional methods of the entrepreneurial process based on planning and determined sequences. Methodology: A qualitative comparative study was carried out in two companies from Minas Gerais. The evidence was obtained from interviews with the founding partners, in addition to observation and documents, and the data analysis was performed using content analysis. Results: The results showed that in the two cases analyzed, the entrepreneurs relied on effectuation logic for setting up the businesses, with little use of causation logic but as the businesses consolidated and moved beyond the initial founding phase, the entrepreneurs took different attitudes, basing their decisions and actions on greater planning and systematic analysis of the context. Limitations: Some studies show that cultural differences can have an influence on the entrepreneurial process and how entrepreneurs make decisions. This variable was not contemplated in this study, which represents a limitation. Additionally, the study analyzed the entrepreneurial process of two companies from Minas Gerais, which does not allow for generalization. Originality/contributions: the work contributes to the national studies on the entrepreneurial process, mainly from the principles that compose the effectuation logic, seeking to identify and classify the decisions and actions of entrepreneurs in the causation and effectuation logics.

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Muñoz, Pablo. "A cognitive map of sustainable decision-making in entrepreneurship." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 24, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 787–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-03-2017-0110.

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Purpose Under what conditions do entrepreneurs make the sustainable decisions they need to develop socially and environmentally responsible new businesses? Explanations of sustainable decision-making have involved various cognitive features; however, it is not yet clear how they play a role in empirical terms and, moreover, how they combine to induce business decisions based on social, environmental and economic considerations. The purpose of this paper is to explore how five cognitive factors combine and causally connect to produce sustainable decision-making in entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach This study uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to examine the decision-making of 37 sustainable entrepreneurs. It focuses on a substantive conception of entrepreneurial behaviour to uncover the cognitive antecedents underlying entrepreneurial decisions that involve the explicit development and implementation of measures, targets and strategies aimed at improving its impact on people and the environment. Findings The configurational analysis reveals a typology comprising five combinations of cognitive factors constituting a comprehensive cognitive map of sustainable decision-making in entrepreneurship, namely: purpose-driven, determined; value-based, vacillating; value-based, unintended; single motive, single solution; and purpose-driven, hesitant. Research limitations/implications This study demonstrates that no single condition is necessary nor sufficient for triggering decision-making involving social and environmental concerns, revealing five mental models leading to sustainable decision-making. In doing so, this paper responds to recent calls that stress the need for studies capable of uncovering the complex constellation of cognitive factors underlying entrepreneurial sustainable behaviour. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Originality/value This paper provides a systematic characterization of the cognitive underpinnings of sustainable decision-making and offers a basis for organizing the study of sustainable outcomes and configurations of cognitive antecedents. It reconciles prior efforts aimed at characterizing sustainability decisions in the context of SMEs and new enterprises, challenging current models based on awareness, experience and ethical normative frameworks.

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Truschenko, Irina. "Algorithm for making management decisions on the use of outsourcing by entrepreneurial structures." Russian Journal of Management 9, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 216–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2021-9-1-216-220.

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Due to the economic downturn and high competition in the market, business structures are constantly looking for ways to optimize financial resources, as well as ways to increase their profits. Thus, a number of business structures use outsourcing as one of the effective tools for managing their resources. The transfer of individual business processes can allow the entrepreneurial structure to focus on strategically important areas of activity, due to which the profit of the entrepreneurial structure can be increased. According to the author's observations, the functioning of any business structures in the conditions of the economic crisis and the situation that has developed in connection with the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, outsourcing is a very relevant tool to increase competitiveness in the market. The article discusses the developed algorithm for making management decisions on the use of outsourcing by entrepreneurial structures. The process of making management decisions regarding the use of outsourcing is associated with a number of risks. The algorithm proposed by the author can help to minimize the risks arising when making a managerial decision on the use of outsourcing by entrepreneurial structures.

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Nuijten, Arno, Nick Benschop, Antoinette Rijsenbilt, and Kristinka Wilmink. "Cognitive Biases in Critical Decisions Facing SME Entrepreneurs: An External Accountants’ Perspective." Administrative Sciences 10, no. 4 (November 5, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci10040089.

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Decisions by small and medium enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs are plagued by a variety of cognitive biases. Extant literature has mainly focused on a limited number of important biases (e.g., overconfidence) in a handful of important entrepreneurial decisions (e.g., start-up, market entry or exit). However, putting the spotlight on a few important biases and entrepreneurial decisions could leave other important biases and decisions underexposed. SME accountants are in a unique position to shed a broader light on this issue. SME entrepreneurs often seek advice of their accountants when they struggle with decisions that involve uncertainty and business risks in the domains of strategy, regulatory compliance, human resources, IT, and succession. In this study, we explore 12 different biases and analyze whether their importance can change across these decision domains. Interviews were performed with 14 SME accountants who provide an independent third-party view on decision making by over 3000 entrepreneurs. Our findings suggest that the importance of most of these biases varies from one decision domain to the other. We also identified four approaches (warn, inform, intervene, and coach) that accountants can take when entrepreneurs may fall victim to biases. We discuss the implications for research and practice of SME entrepreneurs and their accountants.

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Bayon, Manoj Chandra, Yancy Vaillant, and Esteban Lafuente. "Initiating nascent entrepreneurial activities." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 21, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 27–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-11-2013-0201.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the direct effect of two individual-level resources, one subjective and the other objective, and their interaction in influencing the business entry decision. By distinguishing perceived ability from actual ability and using theoretical underpinnings from the human capital theory and self-efficacy theory, the proposed hypotheses are tested on a data set comprising respondents from the adult population. Design/methodology/approach – Using 20,046 observations from the adult population survey (APS) collected according to the global entrepreneurship monitor (GEM) methodology, a logistic regression analysis controlling for robust interaction term is used to determine the direct and interaction effect of perceived entrepreneurial ability and actual ability in influencing the decision to initiate nascent entrepreneurial activities. Findings – The results reveal that perceived entrepreneurial ability has a distinct positive influence on the decision to initiate entrepreneurial activities and its impact is greater than that of actual abilities. Furthermore, the authors find evidence of a positive interaction effect suggesting that perceived entrepreneurial ability is a key determinant of entrepreneurial initiatives among those with high actual ability. Originality/value – The main contribution of the study is to highlight the role of subjective judgements of ability in influencing entrepreneurial behaviour. Whereas prior research has found that actual ability influences new venture performance, its influence on new business entry was inconclusive. By including perceived entrepreneurial ability to the model the authors not only establish a link between objective (observable) abilities and subjective (unobservable) abilities of individuals but also suggest the mechanism through which subjective ability perception drive the business entry decisions of individuals.

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Armstrong, Michael J., and Moren Lévesque. "Timing and quality decisions for entrepreneurial product development." European Journal of Operational Research 141, no. 1 (August 2002): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(01)00126-6.

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McKELVIE, ALEXANDER, VERONICA GUSTAFSSON, and J. MICHAEL HAYNIE. "ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTION: EXPLOITATION DECISIONS UNDER CONDITIONS OF UNCERTAINTY." Academy of Management Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (August 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2008.33641760.

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Tavares-Gärtner, Miguel, Paulo J. Pereira, and Elísio Brandão. "Optimal contingent payment mechanisms and entrepreneurial financing decisions." European Journal of Operational Research 270, no. 3 (November 2018): 1182–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.04.044.

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Polas, Mohammad Rashed Hasan, and Valliappan Raju. "Technology and Entrepreneurial Marketing Decisions During COVID-19." Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management 22, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40171-021-00262-0.

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Zhang, Wenlong, and Haijun Wang. "Entrepreneurial decisions with idiosyncratic risk and unknown profitability." Economic Modelling 103 (October 2021): 105611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2021.105611.

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Morales, Marina, and Jorge Velilla. "The effect of cultural environment on entrepreneurial decisions." International Journal of Social Economics 48, no. 9 (June 1, 2021): 1309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2020-0113.

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PurposeThis paper empirically examines whether the cultural environment plays a role in entrepreneurial decisions in Europe, the United States, Canada and Australia.Design/methodology/approachTo explore this issue, we use data from the Adult Population Survey of 2010–2015 provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). To calculate the cultural factor, we utilize additional information from the GEM National Expert Survey data and estimate a probit model to measure the effect of culture based on an unobserved latent variable of satisfaction, measured through a dichotomous variable identifying entrepreneurs.FindingsResults show a positive and statistically significant relationship between the cultural factor and the individual choice of entrepreneurial activity. Our findings are subjected to a range of robustness checks. We extend this analysis to an examination of cultural values as predictors of entrepreneurship status in collectivist and individualist countries. Our results point to collectivist and individualist roles as being among the mechanisms through which the cultural environment may operate.Originality/valueThis is the first empirical work that clusters a wide range of variables provided by the GEM NES data to obtain a cultural indicator, and then applies this indicator to the GEM APS micro-data. Policy-makers should consider these results in order to promote entrepreneurship through culture in collectivist and Mediterranean countries, but use other channels in individualist and Anglo-Saxon countries.

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Zhou, Han, Xiaorui Han, and Le Wang. "Characterization and Evolution of a Digital Economy Ecosystem Based on an Interspecies Competition Model." Journal of Mathematics 2022 (January 4, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8237884.

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This paper provides an in-depth study and analysis of the characterization of the digital economy ecosystem and the mechanism of eye-flowering through the method of interspecies competition. The evolutionary game model of symbiotic decision-making in the entrepreneurial ecosystem is constructed, the evolutionary process of symbiotic decision-making of subjects is analyzed through mathematical derivation, and the symbiotic decision-making process of subjects is simulated through computer simulation to answer how the subjects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem make symbiotic decisions and explore the mechanism of symbiotic formation of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Then, based on the ecological perspective, the symbiotic evolution model of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects is constructed from the subject level, the equilibrium point of the evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects, the stability conditions, and the relationship between the equilibrium point and the symbiosis model are analyzed, and the symbiotic evolution paths of entrepreneurial ecosystem subjects under different symbiosis modes, initial population size, maximum size, and natural growth rate are presented with simulation experiments, respectively. The main characteristics and manifestations of the dynamic evolution of the platform ecosystem are analyzed, and the key competitive factors that determine the dynamic evolution of the platform ecosystem are depicted. Then, according to the inherent characteristic laws of the platform ecosystem, the complex network approach is applied to construct a dynamic evolution model with originality and wide applicability for the change of bilateral user scale. Based on the dynamic evolution process, the relationship between model parameters and business performance is explored, and the trajectory of bilateral user size change over time and the range of parameters are derived by numerical calculation. Finally, using Monte Carlo simulation methods, the dynamic evolution model is used to predict the future operating conditions of platform enterprises, providing a valuation basis for investors to make investment decisions and helping platform managers to formulate business strategies.

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Stephens, Simon, Roisin Lyons, and Isobel Cunningham. "The Decision-Making Environment for the Entrepreneurial Student." Journal of Enterprising Culture 29, no. 01 (March 2021): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495821500047.

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Entrepreneurs are a product of their social environment. The manner by which they perceive opportunities; access or process information; and make decisions is, influenced by both social interaction, and their social background. Using insights from Socially Situated Cognition (SSC) theory, that posits one’s social environment can have a normative or informative effect on decision-making process we consider proximal social factors influencing the decision-making processes of student entrepreneurs. We propose that entrepreneurial education, networking, and incubation spaces provide direct information to students to aid entrepreneurial decision-making, and indirect informational cues that are situational, synergistic and omnipresent. Noting the multi-faceted and dynamic nature of the entrepreneurial journey of the student, we explore the potential effect of each of these factors on the student decision-making process. We discuss the implications of this inquiry from a researcher and educator perspective, and note the current challenges faced by student entrepreneurs in a socially distanced educational and entrepreneurial context. It is envisaged that this paper will serve as the basis for further thought and empiricism.

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32

Long, Dan, Houhong Wang, and Peili Wang. "Built to Sustain: The Effect of Entrepreneurial Decision-Making Logic on New Venture Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042170.

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How entrepreneurs make entrepreneurial decisions to improve entrepreneurial performance is a popular concern in both theoretical and practical circles. Existing studies mostly analyze the effect of entrepreneurial decision-making logic on the survival and growth of new ventures from the perspective of financial performance, but few studies focus on new venture sustainability. Based on datasets from the first two survey rounds of CPSED (Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics), this paper selects a group of 259 entrepreneurs as a sample and uses logistic regression analysis as a research method. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of entrepreneurial decision-making logic on new venture sustainability. There are two main entrepreneurial logics, namely effectuation and causation. The paper discusses causation in terms of four dimensions, namely goal orientation, expected returns, competitive analysis, and avoiding contingencies. It examines effectuation in terms of the dimensions of means orientation, affordable loss, partnerships, and leveraging contingencies. The empirical results show that goal orientation plays a negative role in promoting new venture sustainability, while avoiding contingencies has a positive influence on it. Partnerships are conducive to new venture sustainability, while means orientation and leveraging contingencies have a negative effect.

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Bendell, Bari L., Diane M. Sullivan, and Kathrin J. Hanek. "Gender, technology and decision-making: insights from an experimental conjoint analysis." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 647–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-04-2019-0232.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate differences in how men and women small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs make decisions regarding whether to invest in technologies for their firms. Answering recent calls for a gendered perspective in entrepreneurial decision-making, this study integrates premises from social identity theory and role congruity theory to help explain innovation investment decisions among male and female SME entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from 121 SME entrepreneurs in the dry cleaning industry, the authors employ a conjoint experimental methodology to capture decisions SME entrepreneurs make to adopt or reject an environment-friendly dry cleaning technology. The authors examine the role gender, firm revenue, technology price, and technology complexity play in entrepreneur investment decisions.FindingsThe authors find that gender indirectly impacts innovation purchase decisions through interactions with firm revenue and key innovation characteristics. Women SME entrepreneurs were less likely to purchase the technology than their male counterparts at low (and high) firm revenue, high innovation price, and high innovation complexity—all highly risky, masculine, choice contexts.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings suggest that men and women's entrepreneurial investment decisions might be shaped by gender stereotypes. Future research should sample additional industries and determine the norms guiding gendered decision-making.Originality/valueBeyond the decision to launch a new venture, this multi-level analysis, using the lens of social identity and role congruity theories, helps illuminate how men and women SME entrepreneurs approach innovation investment decision-making in significantly different—and gender role consistent—ways.

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KULAKOVA, LYUDMILA I. "BIFURCATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL RISKS." Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 236, no. 4 (2022): 210–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2022-236-4-210-224.

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The bifurcation theory is used in modern science in the study of various areas of human activity, from geodesy, physics and medicine to economics and management. In this study, bifurcation is considered as a component of studying the modification of entrepreneurial risks under the influence of various factors. Based on the mercantelist and Keynesian economic theories, an example of government management decisions to regulate the economy during an economic downturn is given.

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BUTLER, JOHN E., PHILLIP H. PHAN, BORJE O. SAXBERG, and SOON HOON LEE. "ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESSION, FIRM GROWTH AND PERFORMANCE." Journal of Enterprising Culture 09, no. 04 (December 2001): 407–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495801000213.

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This research examines business succession in small firms by presenting and testing a succession outcome decision model that is affected by the impact of family, performance, and strategy. Succession has been seen as an important issue in firms of all sizes, but the issue can be a much more personal one for entrepreneurs. Data were collected from a sample of 294 entrepreneurs using a questionnaire. These entrepreneurs were asked about the likelihood of various succession options, strategy, performance, and issues related to their family. Results indicated that in firms where family members were seen as making a positive impact to the firm's performance, entrepreneurs were more likely to see family member succession as the likely outcome. Historical performance did not have much impact on succession decisions, although expectations of poor future performance made family succession a less likely envisioned outcome.

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Roza, Suswita, Yayuk Sriayudha, and Ade Octavia. "ENTREPRENEURIAL PASSION, ENTREPRENEURIAL ALERTNESS AND ISLAMIC ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION: ITS APPLICATION TO THE MUSLIMAH ENTREPRENEUR." Dinasti International Journal of Education Management And Social Science 2, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v2i2.654.

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The success of an entrepreneur orientation from an Islamic perspective is not only measured in material success but also in a growing business. Muslimah entrepreneur needs passion and alertness in entrepreneurship to help to shape an entrepreneurial optimism and make decisions as well as business development efforts. The aims of the research are (1). Analyzing the influence of entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial alertness (2). Analyzing the influence of entrepreneurial alertness on Islamic entrepreneurial orientation (3). Analyzing the influence of entrepreneurial passion on Islamic entrepreneurial orientation. Data were collected from a sample of 86 Muslimah entrepreneurs from the Association of Muslimah Entrepreneurs in Jambi Province. Data collection is carried out using a questionnaire as the instrument research. Moreover, path analysis is used to analyze the influence of each variable studied. The results showed that there is a positive and significant influence between: entrepreneurial passion on entrepreneurial alertness, entrepreneurial alertness on Islamic entrepreneurial orientation, and entrepreneurial passion on the Islamic entrepreneurial orientation of Muslimah entrepreneurs. Research implementation will enhance the passion and alertness of Muslimah entrepreneurs and it suggests further studies to strengthen the model of research particularly in terms of Islamic entrepreneurship perspective.

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Liu, Jia, Frida Thomas Pacho, and Wang Xuhui. "The influence of culture in entrepreneurs’ opportunity exploitation decision in Tanzania." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 11, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-02-2017-0014.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the impact of culture (using individualism, power distance and uncertainty avoidance) on entrepreneurial risk taking behavior which leads to the opportunity exploitation decision. Moreover, it also uses risk taking behavior of entrepreneurial as the mediation variable between culture and opportunity exploitations decisions. Design/methodology/approach The study took place in Tanzania, which is allocated in East Africa and is one of under researched countries. In total, 140 entrepreneurs who own venture of 5-99 employees were able to be interviewed using a survey questionnaire. In this study, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the direct and indirect relationship of culture in entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decisions. Findings After hypothesis testing, the empirical results showed that Tanzania’s culture has an impact on entrepreneurial risk taking behavior, which influences entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decision. It also showed culture through individualism and uncertainty avoidance measurements affect entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation decisions. The empirical results on power distance were insignificant. Research limitations/implications This study is a wake-up call to policy makers and formal institutions such as government authorities, education institutions and religion institutions. Thus, culture has an ability to influence the behavior of entrepreneurs and so the performance of ventures if it is consistent and well structured. Therefore it should be not taken for granted. Data for our study are based on only two cities and therefore the results should not be generalized as the whole country’s inference. Generalizability is questioned because the data are from only two cities in Tanzania and therefore future research should include more cities to be able to validate the generalizability. Practical implications This study is a wake-up call to policymakers and formal institutions such as government authorities, education institutions and religion institutions. Thus culture has an ability to influence the behavior of entrepreneurs and so the performance of ventures if it is consistent and well structured. Therefore it should be not taken for granted. Data for our study are based on only two cities and therefore the results should not be generalized as the whole country’s inference. Social implications In the country which has well-structured culture, influence the behavior of entrepreneurs to exploit opportunities. Originality/value This is the first empirical study to use SEM for exploring the culture of individualism, power distance and uncertainty avoidance impact on entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation in Tanzania.

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Sitinjak, Imelda. "The Effect of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy and Entrepreneurial Competence on The Entrepreneurial Entry Decision and The Success of Start-up MSMEs in Medan City." Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 8, no. 3 (December 19, 2019): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v8i3.35670.

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One important element in the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2025 blueprint is the strengthening of Small, Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The third largest city in Indonesia, Medan City, has a start-up Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) which ranks third in Sumatra itself. The problem is that not all MSMEs in Indonesia can survive or experience growth. So this study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial competence on entrepreneurial entry decisions and the success of start-up MSMEs in Medan City. The method of determining is the sample using a purposive sampling method, from 100 MSMEs owners. The findings of this study are that entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) has a significant effect on entrepreneurial entry decisions, while entrepreneurial competence is not significant. However, the success of MSME start-ups in Medan is significantly influenced by entrepreneurial competence while ESE is not. The implication of this study is that strong confidence is needed when starting a business, and requires competence to gain business success.

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39

Bird, Barbara, and Mariann Jelinek. "The Operation of Entrepreneurial Intentions." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 13, no. 2 (January 1989): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104225878801300205.

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Entrepreneurial intentions are conceived as a link between the entrepreneur as an individual and the context within which a venture is created. A model of intentional action is presented. Five facets include: decisions which structure resources including time, vision and focus; flexibility of focus; flexible behavior; temporal agility; and interpersonal influence.

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40

Rüsch, Stephanie, Maik Lachmann, Maximiliane Wilkesmann, and Karola Bastini. "The effects of entrepreneurial orientation on strategy choice and management control in nonprofit organizations." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 3 (August 12, 2019): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.13.

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In light of increasing relevance of strategic considerations in the nonprofit sector, this study investigates the entrepreneurial orientation of nonprofit CEOs and its linkage to strategic decision-making. The study provides initial insights into the types and effects of CEO entrepreneurial orientation, corresponding strategic choices, and differences in the implementation of strategies through managerial control in nonprofit organizations. Semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with the top managers of German nonprofit hospitals. The interviews were evaluated using qualitative content analysis. The findings are consistent with upper echelon theory, which considers management characteristics to be a determinant of strategic decision making, acting as a mediator between the external environment and strategic choices. The analysis includes two levels: (1) the entrepreneurial orientation of nonprofit CEOs at the individual level and (2) strategic choices on competitive strategies and their implementation at the organizational level. The findings show that the competitive environment evokes different types of entrepreneurial orientation that influence the approach of nonprofit CEOs to strategic decisions and implementation processes. Highly entrepreneurial CEOs prefer prospector strategies over defender or reactor strategies. CEOs with low levels of entrepreneurial orientation tend to use controls diagnostically, whereas CEOs exhibiting medium to high levels of entrepreneurial orientation use controls interactively. This study extends the existing literature by providing evidence of the types of managerial entrepreneurial orientation in nonprofit organizations and the resulting effects on strategic planning and implementation processes. This paper thus sheds light on a key determinant of strategic decision-making and implementation in nonprofit organizations.

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Sooampon, Sutti, and Barbara Igel. "The Individual's Perceived Environment as an Antecedent of Academic Entrepreneurship: Multiple Case Studies of Thai University Researchers." Journal of Enterprising Culture 22, no. 01 (March 2014): 57–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495814500034.

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This study investigates the individual researcher's perceived environment as a pre-condition of entrepreneurship within the university. Our objective is to identify the micro-level antecedents that shape a university researcher's decision about whether to embark on an entrepreneurial venture. We conducted a series of both entrepreneurial and non-entrepreneurial case studies through in-depth interviews with six university researchers. The comparative case data generated inclusive descriptions of the social conditions surrounding the researchers and their individual characteristics as criteria for explaining their decisions on whether to become entrepreneurs. Our findings add to the macro-perspectives typically discussed, and advance knowledge of the entrepreneurial university by incorporating the individual's perceived environment as a micro-level condition for academic entrepreneurship. Drawing on the context of Thailand's emerging economy, in which social inequality exists alongside growth, our findings shed light on the university researcher's entrepreneurial role as a leader for social change through the commercialisation of science and technology research.

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Wang, Qiannan, Yuhui Ge, and Cuihua Hu. "A Relationship Model between Top Management Team Cognitive Heterogeneity and Strategic Decision Quality and Its Implications for Sustainability." Complexity 2020 (October 13, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8851711.

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To achieve sustainable development, a top management team (TMT) and the quality of its strategic decisions on sustainability are critical. This paper builds a relationship model between top management team (TMT) cognitive heterogeneity and the quality of strategic decisions. This research is important because TMT cognitive heterogeneity can comport decision-making schemes with complex and changing environments. Specifically, this paper explores the intermediary role of the team fusion process composed of different shareholders’ agents in integrating TMT heterogeneous cognition to improve the quality of strategic decisions. It adopts the upper echelon theory, which proposes that decision-makers have limited rationality and face difficulty in collecting and analyzing information in complex and changing environments. A questionnaire survey of 107 Chinese enterprises was conducted. Through the research framework of “cognitive heterogeneity–team fusion–strategic decision quality,” this paper constructs a moderated mediator model with entrepreneurial spirit as the moderating variable. Based on statistical analysis, the following results and contributions are obtained. First, TMT cognitive heterogeneity positively affected strategic decision quality. Second, two dimensions of team fusion—information integration and emotional fusion—mediated the relationship between TMT cognitive heterogeneity and strategic decision quality. Third, entrepreneurial spirit positively moderated the relationship between information integration and strategic decision quality, as well as the relationship between emotional fusion and strategic decision quality. The implications of our results related to sustainability are also discussed.

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Haftlmeier-Seiffert, Rena, and Sven Cravotta. "Das Chamäleon-Modell als Erklärungsmuster für die Organisationsstrukturen von Unternehmerfamilien." ZfKE – Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship: Volume 67, Issue 1 67, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/zfke.67.1.1.

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Zusammenfassung Offensichtlich sind es die Unternehmerfamilien, die ihrem Familienunternehmen eine besondere wirtschaftliche Stabilität verleihen. Dies ist allerdings nur möglich, wenn sie sicherstellen, dass sie stets handlungs- und entscheidungsfähig sind. Die hier verfolgte Forschungsfrage lautet deshalb: Wie organisieren Unternehmerfamilien ihre Entscheidungsfähigkeit? Das Chamäleon-Modell zeigt, dass bei Unternehmerfamilien verschiedene Organisationsformen latent vorhanden sind. Diese werden flexibel eingesetzt, je nachdem, was zielführend ist, um schnell zu tragfähigen Entscheidungen zu gelangen. D.h. die Unternehmerfamilienorganisation wechselt also ihre explizite Organisationsform wie ein Chamäleon die Farbe. Das Chamäleon-Modell wurde aus einer multiplen Fallstudie entwickelt, bei der vier traditionsreiche Unternehmerfamilien intensiv untersucht wurden. Abstract Apparently, it is the family that grants outstanding economic stability to the family business. However, this is only possible, if the family ensures to be always capable of acting and of making decisions. This leads us to the following research question: How do entrepreneurial families organize their decision-making ability? The Chameleon Model shows, that there are different types of organization latent available for entrepreneurial families. These are used flexibly, depending on what is leading to quick and stable decisions. That is to say, the entrepreneurial family organization changes the explicit organization form like a chameleon the colour. The Chameleon Model was developed from a multiple case study, analyzing four traditional entrepreneurial families in depth.

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FOURATI, HÉDIA, and RIHAB BEN ATTITALAH. "ENTREPRENEURIAL OPTIMISM, THE NATURE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPERIENCE AND DEBT DECISION FOR BUSINESS START-UP." International Journal of Innovation Management 22, no. 03 (March 29, 2018): 1850024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s136391961850024x.

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This paper studies the entrepreneurial optimism and debt decisions for business start-up. By analysing a sample of 160 business start-up and by using the panel data estimation, we study entrepreneurs’ optimism and its impact on debt decision of business start-up. The measure of entrepreneurial optimism is based on the entrepreneur earnings forecasts initiated by Lin et al. (2005). Meanwhile, the nature of entrepreneurial experience (serial and portfolio entrepreneur) has an effect on entrepreneurial optimism and leads to more or less optimistic entrepreneur. The results reveal that optimistic entrepreneur prefers equity in funding the financial deficit. Serial entrepreneurs tend to use more debt funding. In the dynamic model, the entrepreneur acquiring business concurrently adjusts slowly to debt ratio. Nevertheless, the sequential entrepreneurial experience leads to more optimism and so on more debt use. Given the governance role played by banks, the high adjustment cost for start-up is a consequence of the efficiency of the quality of control exercised by banks that in spite of entrepreneurial optimism, the entrepreneur does not convince the financiers to be so confident on the prospect of the business.

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Moleskis, Melina, Inés Alegre, and Miguel Angel Canela. "Crowdfunding Entrepreneurial or Humanitarian Needs? The Influence of Signals and Biases on Decisions." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 48, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 552–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764018802367.

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Crowdfunding platforms have become a valid alternative for raising funds for both entrepreneurial and humanitarian projects. The aim of our study is to investigate the factors influencing the likelihood of funding success across these two project types. Building on the charitable giving and entrepreneurial finance literature streams, we employ the lenses of signaling theory and behavioral decision making to hypothesize how the impact of certain factors varies contingent on the nature of the project, from a humanitarian plea to an entrepreneurial venture. We conduct our investigation on Kiva and find that gender bias and risk signals exhibit a stronger impact on the likelihood of funding success for entrepreneurial projects, whereas humanitarian projects are more affected by home bias. By reconciling prior inconsistencies in crowdfunding research and bringing forward new ideas, we aim to support the vigorous growth of an emergent phenomenon that is of growing social and economic importance.

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Studdard, Nareatha L., and Roger Darby. "Social entrepreneurship: managing strategic decisions in Social Entrepreneurial organisations." International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation 1, no. 1 (2011): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsei.2011.039813.

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47

Armonat, Stefan, and Andreas Pfnuer. "Asset allocation versus entrepreneurial decisions in real estate investment." Briefings in Real Estate Finance 4, no. 2 (September 2004): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bref.128.

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48

Tavares-Gärtner, Miguel, Paulo J. Pereira, and Elísio Brandão. "Heterogeneous beliefs and optimal ownership in entrepreneurial financing decisions." Quantitative Finance 18, no. 11 (April 24, 2018): 1947–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2018.1432882.

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49

Vogel, Rick, Tatjana Xenia Puhan, Edlira Shehu, Doron Kliger, and Henning Beese. "Funding decisions and entrepreneurial team diversity: A field study." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 107 (November 2014): 595–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.02.021.

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50

West, G. Page. "Collective Cognition: When Entrepreneurial Teams, Not Individuals, Make Decisions." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 31, no. 1 (January 2007): 77–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2007.00164.x.

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