Статті в журналах з теми "Entire Domain Basis Function"

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1

Lu, Wei Bing, Qian Yi Zhao, and Tie-Jun Cui. "SUB-ENTIRE-DOMAIN BASIS FUNCTION METHOD FOR IRRECTANGULAR PERIODIC STRUCTURES." Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 5 (2008): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierb08020401.

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2

Schlosser, Edson R., Marcos V. T. Heckler, and José R. Bergmann. "Entire-Domain Basis Function with Segmented Edge Condition Applied for Scattering Structures." Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications 20, no. 3 (September 2021): 526–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742021v20i31197.

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3

Ribeiro, Raul O., Marcos V. T. Heckler, and Alexis F. Tinoco-S. "Entire Domain Basis Function With Accurate Edge Condition for Rectangular Microstrip Antennas." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 18, no. 1 (January 2019): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2018.2882743.

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4

Ping Du, Bing-Zhong Wang, and Hua Li. "An Extended Sub-Entire Domain Basis Function Method for Finite Periodic Structures." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 7 (2008): 404–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2008.2000752.

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5

Bilotti, F., and C. Vegni. "MOM ENTIRE DOMAIN BASIS FUNCTIONS FOR CONVEX POLYGONAL PATCHES." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 17, no. 11 (January 2003): 1519–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939303772681398.

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6

Lo, Wen-Ting, Yingyi Zhang, Oscar Vadas, Yvette Roske, Federico Gulluni, Maria Chiara De Santis, Andreja Vujicic Zagar та ін. "Structural basis of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase C2α function". Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 29, № 3 (березень 2022): 218–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41594-022-00730-w.

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AbstractPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) is an essential member of the structurally unresolved class II PI3K family with crucial functions in lipid signaling, endocytosis, angiogenesis, viral replication, platelet formation and a role in mitosis. The molecular basis of these activities of PI3KC2α is poorly understood. Here, we report high-resolution crystal structures as well as a 4.4-Å cryogenic-electron microscopic (cryo-EM) structure of PI3KC2α in active and inactive conformations. We unravel a coincident mechanism of lipid-induced activation of PI3KC2α at membranes that involves large-scale repositioning of its Ras-binding and lipid-binding distal Phox-homology and C-C2 domains, and can serve as a model for the entire class II PI3K family. Moreover, we describe a PI3KC2α-specific helical bundle domain that underlies its scaffolding function at the mitotic spindle. Our results advance our understanding of PI3K biology and pave the way for the development of specific inhibitors of class II PI3K function with wide applications in biomedicine.
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7

Kaye, M., and D. Reuster. "Subdomain basis functions from entire domain basis functions for a certain class of problems." Applied Mathematics and Computation 72, no. 2-3 (October 1995): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0096-3003(94)00181-3.

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8

Du, P., B. Z. Wang, and J. Deng. "An Extended Simplified Sub-Entire Domain Basis Function Method for Finite-Sized Periodic Structures." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 22, no. 11-12 (January 2008): 1479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939308786390139.

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9

Wang, Quan-Quan, Hong-Bo Zhu, Ru-Shan Chen, and Yun-Qin Hu. "Analysis of finite frequency selective surfaces backed by dielectric substrate using sub-entire-domain basis function method." COMPEL: The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering 34, no. 4 (July 6, 2015): 1144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-08-2014-0205.

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Purpose – Analysis of the frequency selective surface (FSS) is of great significance. In the method of moments, when the electric size of the FSS increases, huge in-core memory and CPU time are required. The purpose of this paper is to efficiently analyze the finite FSS backed by dielectric substrate utilizing sub-entire-domain (SED) basis function method. Design/methodology/approach – Different types of SED basis functions are generated according to the locations of the cells in the entire structure, and a reduced system is constructed and solved. The couplings of all cells of the FSS are taken into account by using Green’s function and Galerkin’s test procedure. The spatial Green’s function is obtained with the discrete complex image method. The reflection and transmission coefficients of the FSS are calculated using the far field of the FSS and the metallic plate with the same size. Findings – Moderate problems of the finite FSS backed by dielectric substrate are solved with the SED basis function method. The original problem can be simplified to two smaller problems. It enables a significant reduction to the matrix size and storage, and efficient analysis of FSS can be performed. The band-stop type of FSS can be composed of periodic conductive patch cells on the dielectric substrate, and shows total reflection property at the resonant frequency. Originality/value – The SED basis function method is mostly used to analyze periodic PEC structures in free space. The layered medium Green’s function is successfully employed and several dielectric substrate backed finite FSSs are discussed in this paper. The calculation of reflection and transmission coefficients, which are more effective rather than far field scattering of the FSS, are described.
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10

Alanen, E. "Pyramidal and Entire Domain Basis Functions in the Method of Moments." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 5, no. 3 (January 1, 1991): 315–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939391x00077.

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11

Tuvi, Ram. "A Multi-Frequency Tomographic Inverse Scattering Using Beam Basis Functions." Sensors 22, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041684.

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We present an overview of a beam-based approach to ultra-wide band (UWB) tomographic inverse scattering, where beam-waves are used for local data-processing and local imaging, as an alternative to the conventional plane-wave and Green’s function approaches. Specifically, the method utilizes a phase–space set of iso-diffracting beam-waves that emerge from a discrete set of points and directions in the source domain. It is shown that with a proper choice of parameters, this set constitutes a frame (an overcomplete generalization of a basis), termed “beam frame”, over the entire propagation domain. An important feature of these beam frames is that they need to be calculated once and then used for all frequencies, hence the method can be implemented either in the multi-frequency domain (FD), or directly in the time domain (TD). The algorithm consists of two phases: in the processing phase, the scattering data is transformed to the beam domain using windowed phase–space transformations, while in the imaging phase, the beams are backpropagated to the target domain to form the image. The beam-domain data is not only localized and compressed, but it is also physically related to the local Radon transform (RT) of the scatterer via a local Snell’s reflection of the beam-waves. This expresses the imaging as an inverse local RT that can be applied to any local domain of interest (DoI). In previous publications, the emphasis has been set on TD data processing using a special class of localized space–time beam-waves (wave-packets). The goal of the present paper is to present the imaging scheme in the UWB FD, utilizing simpler Fourier-based data-processing tools in the space and time domains.
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12

Frenkel, A. "On entire-domain basis functions with square-root edge singularity (EM scattering)." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 37, no. 9 (1989): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.35803.

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13

Du, P., B. Z. Wang, H. Li, and G. Zheng. "Scattering Analysis of Large-Scale Periodic Structures Using the Sub-Entire Domain Basis Function Method and Characteristic Function Method." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 21, no. 14 (January 1, 2007): 2085–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939307783152957.

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14

Lu, W. B., T. J. Cui, Z. G. Qian, X. X. Yin, and W. Hong. "Accurate Analysis of Large-Scale Periodic Structures Using an Efficient Sub-Entire-Domain Basis Function Method." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52, no. 11 (November 2004): 3078–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2004.835143.

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15

Mias, Christos, and Angelo Freni. "Entire-Domain Basis Function MoM Formulation for a Substrate Backed Periodically Loaded Array of Narrow Strips." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63, no. 5 (May 2015): 2325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2015.2405561.

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16

Asghar, A., M. O. Ahmad, M. N. Bashir, Taseer Muhammad, Sami Ullah Khan, and M. Ramzan. "Boundary Integral Technique of 2nd Order Partial Differential Equation by Using Radial Basis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (July 20, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2978982.

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Анотація:
The solution of second order partial differential equation, with continuous change in coefficients by the formation of integral equation and then using radial basis function approximation (RBSA), has been developed in this paper. Use of boundary element method (BEM), which gives the solution of heat or mass diffusion in non-homogenous medium with function varying smoothly in space is also the part of this article. Discretization of boundary of integral domain instead of entire domain of the problem concerned is also the distinction of the recent work. The numerical solution of some problems with known value of the variable has also been included at the end.
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17

Yahaghi, A., A. Fallahi, H. Abiri, M. Shahabadi, C. Hafner, and R. Vahldieck. "Analysis of Frequency Selective Surfaces on Periodic Substrates Using Entire Domain Basis Functions." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 58, no. 3 (March 2010): 876–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2009.2039327.

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18

Huynen, Martijn, Kamil Yavuz Kapusuz, Xiao Sun, Geert Van der Plas, Eric Beyne, Daniel De Zutter, and Dries Vande Ginste. "Entire Domain Basis Function Expansion of the Differential Surface Admittance for Efficient Broadband Characterization of Lossy Interconnects." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 68, no. 4 (April 2020): 1217–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2019.2957485.

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19

Casaletti, Massimiliano, Cristian Della Giovampaola, Stefano Maci, and Giuseppe Vecchi. "Entire-Domain Basis Functions for Scattering From Large Curved Surfaces Formulated by Transformation Optics." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 60, no. 9 (September 2012): 4271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2012.2207040.

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20

Kolundzija, B. M. "Comparison of a class of subdomain and entire domain basis functions automatically satisfying KCL." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 44, no. 10 (1996): 1362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/8.537330.

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21

Xue, Wei, Chen Liu, Nan Zhu, and Xiao Xiang He. "Electromagnetic Analysis of Frequency Selective Surfaces Using the SSED Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1365.

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The Simplified sub-entire domain (SSED) basis function method has been introduced and modified to analyze some planar and curved Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) with finite size. The number of unknowns and memory consumption of the methods are discussed in detail. The reflection coefficients and transmission coefficients are given, which agree well with the reference results.
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22

Don, Nataliya, Maurizio Bozzi, Anatoly Kirilenko, and Luca Perregrini. "Analysis of inductive frequency selective surfaces by the method of moments with entire-domain basis functions." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 49, no. 12 (2007): 2929–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.22923.

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23

Poulsen, S. "Scattering from frequency selective surfaces: A continuity condition for entire domain basis functions and an improved set of basis functions for crossed dipoles." IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 146, no. 3 (1999): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-map:19990338.

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24

Yang, Linlin, Qiao Yang, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia, Shun Chen, Dekang Zhu, Mafeng Liu, et al. "Terminase Large Subunit Provides a New Drug Target for Herpesvirus Treatment." Viruses 11, no. 3 (March 5, 2019): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11030219.

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Herpesvirus infection is an orderly, regulated process. Among these viruses, the encapsidation of viral DNA is a noteworthy link; the entire process requires a powered motor that binds to viral DNA and carries it into the preformed capsid. Studies have shown that this power motor is a complex composed of a large subunit, a small subunit, and a third subunit, which are collectively known as terminase. The terminase large subunit is highly conserved in herpesvirus. It mainly includes two domains: the C-terminal nuclease domain, which cuts the viral concatemeric DNA into a monomeric genome, and the N-terminal ATPase domain, which hydrolyzes ATP to provide energy for the genome cutting and transfer activities. Because this process is not present in eukaryotic cells, it provides a reliable theoretical basis for the development of safe and effective anti-herpesvirus drugs. This article reviews the genetic characteristics, protein structure, and function of the herpesvirus terminase large subunit, as well as the antiviral drugs that target the terminase large subunit. We hope to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of herpesvirus.
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25

Zheng, Gang, Bing-Zhong Wang, Hua Li, Xiao-Fei Liu, and Shuai Ding. "ANALYSIS OF FINITE PERIODIC DIELECTRIC GRATINGS BY THE FINITE-DIFFERENCE FREQUENCY-DOMAIN METHOD WITH THE SUB-ENTIRE-DOMAIN BASIS FUNCTIONS AND WAVELETS." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 99 (2009): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier09111502.

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26

Bodehou, Modeste, David Gonzalez-Ovejero, Christophe Craeye, and Isabelle Huynen. "Method of Moments Simulation of Modulated Metasurface Antennas With a Set of Orthogonal Entire-Domain Basis Functions." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, no. 2 (February 2019): 1119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2018.2880075.

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27

Verni, Francesco, Marco Righero, and Giuseppe Vecchi. "On the Use of Entire-Domain Basis Functions and Fast Factorizations for the Design of Modulated Metasurface." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 68, no. 5 (May 2020): 3824–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2020.2966040.

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28

Olson, K. R., J. R. McIntosh, and J. B. Olmsted. "Analysis of MAP 4 function in living cells using green fluorescent protein (GFP) chimeras." Journal of Cell Biology 130, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.130.3.639.

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MAP 4 is a ubiquitous microtubule-associated protein thought to play a role in the polymerization and stability of microtubules in interphase and mitotic cells. We have analyzed the behavior of protein domains of MAP 4 in vivo using chimeras constructed from these polypeptides and the green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP-MAP 4 localizes to microtubules; this is confirmed by colocalization of GFP-MAP 4 with microtubules that have incorporated microinjected rhodamine-tubulin, and by loss of localized fluorescence after treatment of cells with anti-microtubule agents. Different subdomains of MAP 4 have distinct effects on microtubule organization and dynamics. The entire basic domain of MAP 4 reorganizes microtubules into bundles and stabilizes these arrays against depolymerization with nocodazole. Within the basic domain, the PGGG repeats, which are conserved with MAP 2 and tau, have a weak affinity for microtubules and are dispensable for microtubule binding, whereas the MAP 4-unique PSP region can function independently in binding. The projection domain shows no microtubule localization, but does modulate the association of various binding subdomains with microtubules. The acidic carboxy terminus of MAP 4 strongly affects the microtubule binding characteristics of the other domains, despite constituting less than 6% of the protein. These data show that MAP 4 association with microtubules is modulated by sequences both within and outside the basic domain. Further, our work demonstrates that GFP chimeras will allow an in vivo analysis of the effects of MAPs and their variants on microtubule dynamics in real time.
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29

Huwa, Nikolai, Oliver H. Weiergräber, Christian Kirsch, Ulrich Schaffrath, and Thomas Classen. "Biochemical and Initial Structural Characterization of the Monocot Chimeric Jacalin OsJAC1." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (May 26, 2021): 5639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115639.

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The monocot chimeric jacalin OsJAC1 from Oryza sativa consists of a dirigent and a jacalin-related lectin domain. The corresponding gene is expressed in response to different abiotic and biotic stimuli. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the basic function of the individual domains and their contribution to the physiological role of the entire protein. In this study, we have established a heterologous expression in Escherichia coli with high yields for the full-length protein OsJAC1 as well as its individual domains. Our findings showed that the secondary structure of both domains is dominated by β-strand elements. Under reducing conditions, the native protein displayed clearly visible transition points of thermal unfolding at 59 and 85 °C, which could be attributed to the lectin and the dirigent domain, respectively. Our study identified a single carbohydrate-binding site for each domain with different specificities towards mannose and glucose (jacalin domain), and galactose moieties (dirigent domain), respectively. The recognition of different carbohydrates might explain the ability of OsJAC1 to respond to different abiotic and biotic factors. This is the first report of specific carbohydrate-binding activity of a DIR domain, shedding new light on its function in the context of this monocot chimeric jacalin.
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30

Yaxun Liu, S. Safavi-Naeini, and S. K. Chaudhuri. "Determination of resonant modes of dielectric resonators using MoM-SIE with combined entire-domain and subdomain basis functions." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 53, no. 2 (February 2005): 883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2004.841272.

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31

Altman, Z., D. Renaud, and H. Baudrand. "On the use of differential equations of nonentire order to generate entire domain basis functions with edge singularity." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 42, no. 10 (1994): 1966–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.320781.

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32

Srinivasan, Srikanth, and Qadir Jaleel. "Norms for a neuropsychological test battery to diagnose dementia in the elderly: A study from Sri Lanka." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 6, no. 02 (February 2015): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.153223.

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ABSTRACT Aims: To pilot a neuropsychological battery for diagnosing dementia and provide normative scores in an elderly Sri Lankan sample. Materials and Methods: Consecutive subjects over the age of 60 yrs were administered tests assessing the individual domains of language, verbal episodic memory, visual perceptuospatial skills and executive functions in the Sinhala language. Results: There were a total of 230 subjects in the final sample. The mean age of the entire sample was 69 years, mean education level was 12 years and the sample comprised 53% female. One-month test-retest reliability ranged from 0.71 to 0.85 for the various tests. Most tests were significantly influenced by age and education level but not gender. The exceptions to this were some language subtests (repetition, grammar comprehension and word picture matching) and two tests of executive functioning (maze completion and alternate target cancellation), which were uninfluenced by age. The subtests where ceiling performance was attained by almost all subjects were repetition, grammar comprehension and word picture matching from the language domain, dot position discrimination from the visuospatial domain and maze completion test from the executive function domain. Scores for various tests after stratifying subjects by age and educational level are given. Conclusions: The tests were well received and could provide a basis for cognitive profiling in similar settings elsewhere.
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33

Scudieri, Paolo, Elvira Sondo, Emanuela Caci, Roberto Ravazzolo, and Luis J. V. Galietta. "TMEM16A–TMEM16B chimaeras to investigate the structure–function relationship of calcium-activated chloride channels." Biochemical Journal 452, no. 3 (May 31, 2013): 443–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20130348.

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TMEM16A and TMEM16B proteins are CaCCs (Ca2+-activated Cl− channels) with eight putative transmembrane segments. As shown previously, expression of TMEM16B generates CaCCs characterized by a 10-fold lower Ca2+ affinity and by faster activation and deactivation kinetics with respect to TMEM16A. To investigate the basis of the different properties, we generated chimaeric proteins in which different domains of the TMEM16A protein were replaced by the equivalent domains of TMEM16B. Replacement of the N-terminus, TMD (transmembrane domain) 1–2, the first intracellular loop and TMD3–4 did not change the channel's properties. Instead, replacement of intracellular loop 3 decreased the apparent Ca2+ affinity by nearly 8-fold with respect to wild-type TMEM16A. In contrast, the membrane currents derived from chimaeras containing TMD7–8 or the C-terminus of TMEM16B showed higher activation and deactivation rates without a change in Ca2+ sensitivity. Significantly accelerated kinetics were also found when the entire C-terminus of the TMEM16A protein (77 amino acid residues) was deleted. Our findings indicate that the third intracellular loop of TMEM16A and TMEM16B is the site involved in Ca2+-sensitivity, whereas the C-terminal part, including TMD7–8, affect the rate of transition between the open and the closed state.
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34

Min, Guangwei, Huaibin Wang, Tung-Tien Sun, and Xiang-Peng Kong. "Structural basis for tetraspanin functions as revealed by the cryo-EM structure of uroplakin complexes at 6-Å resolution." Journal of Cell Biology 173, no. 6 (June 19, 2006): 975–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200602086.

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Анотація:
Tetraspanin uroplakins (UPs) Ia and Ib, together with their single-spanning transmembrane protein partners UP II and IIIa, form a unique crystalline 2D array of 16-nm particles covering almost the entire urothelial surface. A 6 Å–resolution cryo-EM structure of the UP particle revealed that the UP tetraspanins have a rod-shaped structure consisting of four closely packed transmembrane helices that extend into the extracellular loops, capped by a disulfide-stabilized head domain. The UP tetraspanins form the primary complexes with their partners through tight interactions of the transmembrane domains as well as the extracellular domains, so that the head domains of their tall partners can bridge each other at the top of the heterotetramer. The secondary interactions between the primary complexes and the tertiary interaction between the 16-nm particles contribute to the formation of the UP tetraspanin network. The rod-shaped tetraspanin structure allows it to serve as stable pilings in the lipid sea, ideal for docking partner proteins to form structural/signaling networks.
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35

Liu, Y., S. Safavi-Naeini, S. K. Chaudhuri, and R. Sabry. "Efficient Simulation of Rectangular Dielectric Resonators Using Volume MPIE-MoM Formulation With Combined Entire-Domain and Subdomain Basis Functions." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 52, no. 1 (January 2004): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2003.822424.

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36

Lu, Wei Bing, Tie Jun Cui, and Hui Zhao. "Acceleration of Fast Multipole Method for Large-Scale Periodic Structures With Finite Sizes Using Sub-Entire-Domain Basis Functions." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 55, no. 2 (February 2007): 414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2006.889805.

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37

Pumaricra Rojas, David, Matti Noack, Johann Reger, and Gustavo Pérez-Zúñiga. "State Estimation for Coupled Reaction-Diffusion PDE Systems Using Modulating Functions." Sensors 22, no. 13 (July 2, 2022): 5008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22135008.

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Анотація:
Many systems with distributed dynamics are described by partial differential equations (PDEs). Coupled reaction-diffusion equations are a particular type of these systems. The measurement of the state over the entire spatial domain is usually required for their control. However, it is often impossible to obtain full state information with physical sensors only. For this problem, observers are developed to estimate the state based on boundary measurements. The method presented applies the so-called modulating function method, relying on an orthonormal function basis representation. Auxiliary systems are generated from the original system by applying modulating functions and formulating annihilation conditions. It is extended by a decoupling matrix step. The calculated kernels are utilized for modulating the input and output signals over a receding time window to obtain the coefficients for the basis expansion for the desired state estimation. The developed algorithm and its real-time functionality are verified via simulation of an example system related to the dynamics of chemical tubular reactors and compared to the conventional backstepping observer. The method achieves a successful state reconstruction of the system while mitigating white noise induced by the sensor. Ultimately, the modulating function approach represents a solution for the distributed state estimation problem without solving a PDE online.
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38

Santosh, Vishaka, Faik N. Musayev, Rahul Jaiswal, Francisco Zárate-Pérez, Bram Vandewinkel, Caroline Dierckx, Molly Endicott, et al. "The Cryo-EM structure of AAV2 Rep68 in complex with ssDNA reveals a malleable AAA+ machine that can switch between oligomeric states." Nucleic Acids Research 48, no. 22 (December 3, 2020): 12983–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa1133.

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Анотація:
Abstract The adeno-associated virus (AAV) non-structural Rep proteins catalyze all the DNA transactions required for virus viability including, DNA replication, transcription regulation, genome packaging, and during the latent phase, site-specific integration. Rep proteins contain two multifunctional domains: an Origin Binding Domain (OBD) and a SF3 helicase domain (HD). Studies have shown that Rep proteins have a dynamic oligomeric behavior where the nature of the DNA substrate molecule modulates its oligomeric state. In the presence of ssDNA, Rep68 forms a large double-octameric ring complex. To understand the mechanisms underlying AAV Rep function, we investigated the cryo-EM and X-ray structures of Rep68–ssDNA complexes. Surprisingly, Rep68 generates hybrid ring structures where the OBD forms octameric rings while the HD forms heptamers. Moreover, the binding to ATPγS promotes a large conformational change in the entire AAA+ domain that leads the HD to form both heptamer and hexamers. The HD oligomerization is driven by an interdomain linker region that acts as a latch to ‘catch’ the neighboring HD subunit and is flexible enough to permit the formation of different stoichiometric ring structures. Overall, our studies show the structural basis of AAV Rep's structural flexibility required to fulfill its multifunctional role during the AAV life cycle.
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39

Moheb, H., and L. Shafai. "A numerical solution for conducting bodies of arbitrary shape." Canadian Journal of Physics 68, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p90-073.

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Анотація:
An efficient numerical technique based on a Fourier expansion of the surface current is developed to study the electromagnetic scattering from three-dimensional geometries of arbitrary shape. In this method, the discrete domain representing the structure surface is geometrically represented by two orthogonal contours. One is selected along the intersection of the x–z plane with the object's surface, and the other along the corresponding one in the x–y plane. Entire domain basis functions are selected for the current component in the x–y plane, and subdomain linear basis functions are used to represent the other current component. The method of moments is used to solve the problem numerically. The technique is then applied to study the scattering from discrete surfaces such as squares and rectangles, to compare them with those of the coordinate-transformation technique developed earlier. The behavior of the solutions with the number of modes is investigated to determine their coupling.
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40

Ren, Yunsheng, Evan Behre, Zhaojun Ren, Jiachang Zhang, Qianben Wang, and Joseph D. Fondell. "Specific Structural Motifs Determine TRAP220 Interactions with Nuclear Hormone Receptors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 15 (August 1, 2000): 5433–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.15.5433-5446.2000.

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ABSTRACT The TRAP coactivator complex is a large, multisubunit complex of nuclear proteins which associates with nuclear hormone receptors (NRs) in the presence of cognate ligand and stimulates NR-mediated transcription. A single subunit, TRAP220, is thought to target the entire complex to a liganded receptor through a domain containing two of the signature LXXLL motifs shown previously in other types of coactivator proteins to be essential for mediating NR binding. In this work, we demonstrate that each of the two LXXLL-containing regions, termed receptor binding domains 1 and 2 (RBD-1 and RBD-2), is differentially preferred by specific NRs. The retinoid X receptor (RXR) displays a weak yet specific activation function 2 (AF2)-dependent preference for RBD-1, while the thyroid hormone receptor (TR), vitamin D3 receptor (VDR), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor all exhibit a strong AF2-dependent preference for RBD-2. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we show that preference for RBD-2 is due to the presence of basic-polar residues on the amino-terminal end of the core LXXLL motif. Furthermore, we show that the presence and proper spacing of both RBD-1 and RBD-2 are required for an optimal association of TRAP220 with RXR-TR or RXR-VDR heterodimers bound to DNA and for TRAP220 coactivator function. On the basis of these results, we suggest that a single molecule of TRAP220 can interact with both subunits of a DNA-bound NR heterodimer.
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41

DeLisser, HM, J. Chilkotowsky, HC Yan, ML Daise, CA Buck, and SM Albelda. "Deletions in the cytoplasmic domain of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) result in changes in ligand binding properties." Journal of Cell Biology 124, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.124.1.195.

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Анотація:
Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily present on platelets, endothelial cells, and leukocytes that may function as a vascular cell adhesion molecule. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the cytoplasmic domain in PECAM-1 function. To accomplish this, wild-type and mutated forms of PECAM-1 cDNA were transfected into murine fibroblasts and the functional characteristics of the cells analyzed. Wild-type PECAM-1 localized to the cell-cell borders of adjacently transfected cells and mediated heterophilic, calcium-dependent L-cell aggregation that was inhibitable by a polyclonal and two monoclonal anti-PECAM-1 antibodies. A mutant protein lacking the entire cytoplasmic domain did not support aggregation or move to cell-cell borders. In contrast, both forms of PECAM-1 with partially truncated cytoplasmic domains (missing either the COOH-terminal third or two thirds of the cytoplasmic domain) localized to cell-cell borders in 3T3 cells in a manner analogous to the distribution seen in cultured endothelial cells. L-cells expressing these mutants demonstrated homophilic, calcium-independent aggregation that was blocked by the polyclonal anti-PECAM-1 antibody, but not by the two bioactive monoclonal antibodies. Although changes in the cytoplasmic domain of other receptors have been shown to alter ligand-binding affinity, to our knowledge, PECAM-1 is the first example of a cell adhesion molecule where changes in the cytoplasmic domain result in a switch in the basic mechanism of adhesion leading to different ligand-binding specificity. Variations in the cytoplasmic domain could thus be a potential mechanism for regulating PECAM-1 activity in vivo.
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42

Lancellotti, V., and A. G. Tijhuis. "Extended Linear Embedding via Green's Operators for Analyzing Wave Scattering from Anisotropic Bodies." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/467931.

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Анотація:
Linear embedding via Green’s operators (LEGO) is a domain decomposition method particularly well suited for the solution of scattering and radiation problems comprised of many objects. The latter are enclosed in simple-shaped subdomains (electromagnetic bricks) which are in turn described by means of scattering operators. In this paper we outline the extension of the LEGO approach to the case of penetrable objects with dyadic permittivity or permeability. Since a volume integral equation is only required to solve the scattering problem inside a brick and the scattering operators are inherently surface operators, the LEGO procedureper secan afford a reduction of the number of unknowns in the numerical solution with the Method of Moments and subsectional basis functions. Further substantial reduction is achieved with the eigencurrents expansion method (EEM) which employs the eigenvectors of the scattering operator as local entire-domain basis functions over a brick’s surface. Through a few selected numerical examples we discuss the validation and the efficiency of the LEGO-EEM technique applied to clusters of anisotropic bodies.
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43

Fikioris, George, and Asimina Michalopoulou. "On the Use of Entire-Domain Basis Functions in Galerkin Methods Applied to Certain Integral Equations for Wire Antennas With the Approximate Kernel." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 51, no. 2 (May 2009): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2008.2010711.

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44

Bhaumik, Mani L. "Deciphering the Enigma of Wave-Particle Duality." Quanta 5, no. 1 (December 6, 2016): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.12743/quanta.v5i1.54.

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Анотація:
<p>A satisfactory explanation of the confounding wave-particle duality of matter is presented in terms of the reality of the wave nature of a particle. In this view, a quantum particle is an objectively real wave packet consisting of irregular disturbances of underlying quantum fields. It travels holistically as a unit and thereby acts as a particle. Only the totality of the entire wave packet at any instance embodies all the conserved quantities, for example the energy-momentum, rest mass, and charge of the particle, and as such must be acquired all at once during detection. On this basis, many of the bizarre behaviors observed in the quantum domain, such as wave function collapse, the limitation of prediction to only a probability rather than an actuality, the apparent simultaneous existence of a particle in more than one place, and the inherent uncertainty can be reasonably comprehended. The necessity of acquiring the wave function in its entirety for detection, as evinced by the appearance of collapse of the wave function, supports the paradigm of reality of the wave function described here.</p><p>Quanta 2016; 5: 93–100.</p>
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45

Jarpe, M. A., and H. M. Johnson. "Topology of receptor binding domains of mouse IFN-gamma." Journal of Immunology 145, no. 10 (November 15, 1990): 3304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.145.10.3304.

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Анотація:
Abstract IFN-gamma is an essential immunoregulatory lymphokine for a variety of immunologic functions including upregulation of MHC Ag. The elucidation of the structure, particularly the receptor binding domains, should further enhance our understanding of its mechanism of action, and provide a rational basis for modulation of its activity by alteration of its structure. A predicted model of murine IFN-gamma structure has been constructed based on data derived from our synthetic peptide studies, circular dichroism spectra, and predictive algorithms for secondary structure, surface accessibility, and tertiary structure, as well as predicted structural similarities to IL-2. Direct synthetic peptide competition studies using five overlapping peptides that encompassed the entire IFN-gamma sequence of 133 amino acids showed that only the N-terminus of IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma(1-39), blocked binding to receptor, suggesting that the N-terminus is directly involved in receptor binding. Rabbit antibodies to the N-terminal (IFN-gamma(1-39)) and C-terminal (IFN-gamma(95-133)) peptides neutralized IFN-gamma activity, whereas antibodies to the three peptides that spanned the internal region, sequence 36-107, were without effect. Thus, the antibody data support the involvement of the N-terminus as a receptor binding domain and also suggest that the C-terminus of the molecule is also a binding domain. Predictive algorithms assign six alpha-helices and five turns to the molecule and circular dichroism spectra of both intact human and murine IFN-gamma and synthetic peptides of murine IFN-gamma showed that the molecule is mainly alpha-helical in structure. Drawing mainly on the four alpha-helix bundle model, a common motif in globular proteins such as IFN-gamma and IL-2 (whose crystalline structure is known), we constructed a simple model of the tertiary structure of IFN-gamma that fits well with our synthetic peptide and circular dichroism data. The model consists of the four-alpha-helical bundle along with N- and C-terminal helices that are predicted to be closely associated and together form the receptor binding domains. The model presented should contribute to further understanding the molecular basis of IFN-gamma action and allow us to begin modulating the function of IFN-gamma through the design of agonists and antagonists.
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46

Vasylyshyn, T. V. "Algebras of symmetric analytic functions on Cartesian powers of Lebesgue integrable in a power $p\in [1,+\infty)$ functions." Carpathian Mathematical Publications 13, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/cmp.13.2.340-351.

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Анотація:
The work is devoted to the study of Fréchet algebras of symmetric (invariant under the composition of every of components of its argument with any measure preserving bijection of the domain of components of the argument) analytic functions on Cartesian powers of complex Banach spaces of Lebesgue integrable in a power $p\in [1,+\infty)$ complex-valued functions on the segment $[0,1]$ and on the semi-axis. We show that the Fréchet algebra of all symmetric analytic entire complex-valued functions of bounded type on the $n$th Cartesian power of the complex Banach space $L_p[0,1]$ of all Lebesgue integrable in a power $p\in [1,+\infty)$ complex-valued functions on the segment $[0,1]$ is isomorphic to the Fréchet algebra of all analytic entire functions on $\mathbb C^m,$ where $m$ is the cardinality of the algebraic basis of the algebra of all symmetric continuous complex-valued polynomials on this Cartesian power. The analogical result for the Fréchet algebra of all symmetric analytic entire complex-valued functions of bounded type on the $n$th Cartesian power of the complex Banach space $L_p[0,+\infty)$ of all Lebesgue integrable in a power $p\in [1,+\infty)$ complex-valued functions on the semi-axis $[0,+\infty)$ is proved.
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47

Sanrutsadakorn, Apichat, Vitoon Uthaisangsuk, Surasak Suranuntchai, and Borpit Thossatheppitak. "Investigation of Hot Deformation Characteristics of AISI 4340 Steel Using Processing Map." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.301.

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Анотація:
Uniaxial compression tests at various temperatures from 850°C to 1200°C and strain rates between 0.01 s-1 and 10 s-1 were carried out in order to determine hot working characteristic of the AISI 4340 steel. The plastic stress-strain responses at high temperatures of the steel were provided. Constitutive relationship between the flow stresses and the Zener–Hollomon parameters was primarily established by means of a hyperbolic sine function for the entire range of the investigated conditions. Afterwards, the power dissipation map and instability map were developed on the basis of the Dynamic Materials Model (DMM). The variation of efficiency of the power dissipation calculated as a function of strain rate sensitivity represented material behaviors according to the microstructure evolution. The peak efficiency indicated an optimum processing window for hot working. In this study, processing map was obtained by a superimposition of the power dissipation and the instability criterion. The domains of temperature and strain rate, in which material flow stability occurred, were determined. For the AISI 4340 steel, the processing maps exhibited a distinct domain with its peak efficiency at about 1050-1200°C and 0.01-0.1 s-1, in which the peak efficiencies of about 40-50% were shown for different strains. In combination with microstructure observations after hot deformation, dynamic recrystallization zone could be identified in the processing map at a certain strain.
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48

Li, Li, Pierre E. Rollin, Stuart T. Nichol, Robert E. Shope, Alan D. T. Barrett, and Michael R. Holbrook. "Molecular determinants of antigenicity of two subtypes of the tick-borne flavivirus Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 6 (June 1, 2004): 1619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.19766-0.

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Анотація:
In 1964, D. H. Clarke defined two antigenic subtypes of Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus (OHFV) based on polyclonal antibody absorption and haemagglutination assays. The current report defines the molecular basis for these antigenic subtypes by comparison of the complete genomes of OHFV strains Kubrin (subtype I) and Bogoluvovska (subtype II). There were six nucleotide differences between these two strains throughout the entire genome and they encoded four amino acid changes including three in the viral envelope (E) protein. Two of these changes were in solvent-exposed regions of domain 3 of the E protein, one of which lies in a region that could easily function in virus–host cell or virus–antibody interactions. These results demonstrate the minimal changes that are required to significantly alter the antigenicity of flaviviruses and also demonstrate the tremendous genetic stability of the tick-borne flaviviruses.
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49

Hartmann, Stefan, Lutz Müller-Lohse, and Jendrik-Alexander Tröger. "Full-Field Strain Determination for Additively Manufactured Parts Using Radial Basis Functions." Applied Sciences 11, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 11434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112311434.

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Анотація:
Additively manufactured components, especially those produced in deposition welding processes, have a rough curvilinear surface. Strain and surface deformation analysis of such components is increasingly performed using digital image correlation (DIC) methods, which raises questions regarding interpretability of the results. Furthermore, in triangulation or local tangential plane based DIC strain analysis, the principal strain directions are difficult to be calculated at any point, which is due to the non-continuity of the approach. Thus, both questions will be addressed in this article. Apart from classical local strain analysis based on triangulation or local linearization concepts, the application of globally formulated radial basis functions (RBF) is investigated for the first time, with the advantage that it is possible to evaluate all interesting quantities at arbitrary points. This is performed for both interpolation and regression. Both approaches are studied at three-dimensional, curvilinear verification examples and real additively manufactured cylindrical specimens. It is found out that, if real applications are investigated, the RBF-approach based on interpolation and regression has to be considered carefully due to so-called boundary effects. This can be circumvented by only considering the region that has a certain distance to the edges of the evaluation domain. Independent of the evaluation scheme, the error of the maximum principal strains increases with increasing surface roughness, which has to be kept in mind for such applications when interpreting or evaluating the results of manufactured parts. However, the entire scheme offers interesting properties for the treatment of DIC-data.
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50

Karnas, Grzegorz. "Computation of Lightning Current from Electric Field Based on Laplace Transform and Deconvolution Method." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 4201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144201.

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Анотація:
A method for computation of the lightning channel base current from the corresponding vertical component of lightning electric field was presented. The algorithm was developed by applying Laplace transform. The lightning current was estimated from its deconvolution with a special transfer function. The transfer function includes information about geometry and physical properties of entire lightning impulse generation system. The method was verified for a Heidler-type base current and a MTLL model of its propagation within the lightning channel. Research was done for close, middle, and far distance to the lightning strike point. Optimum performance was obtained for the middle distance of several kilometers where the electrostatic, induction, and radiation components of the transfer function were of the same range. An analysis was done for input electric field with and without noise superimposed on its time domain waveform. Relative uncertainties for the electric field and calculated lightning channel base current were similar each other. The presented approach can substantially increase a number of lightning current parameters which can be identified on the basis of its electric field signature. This method can be applied by the lightning location systems using preprocessing which increases the timing efficiency of the transfer function estimation.
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