Дисертації з теми "Enjeux de la scarification"
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Atche, Djidjoho. "Médecine traditionnelle et médecine moderne : pratiques et enjeux de la scarification au Sud du Bénin." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Gustave Eiffel, 2024. https://these.univ-paris-est.fr/intranet/2024/UEFL-2024/TH2024UEFL2007.pdf.
Therapeutic scarification is a widespread practice in Benin, particularly in southern Benin, where it is used to prevent and often even cure certain diseases. Despite its many therapeutic virtues, it is rejected by conventional medicine, which sees it as a fraud or even charlatanism. The seal of secrecy that underpins some of its practices does it a disservice. This raises the question of the value of therapeutic scarification in view of its popularity in southern Benin and the problems it entails. Unquestionably, this practice is perceived by some as irrational and dangerous, even though it is a form of rationality that can be valorized to strengthen therapeutic systems. Two therapeutic rationalities (modern and traditional) therefore theoretically appear to be mutually exclusive, and this is detrimental to the progress of medicine in general. Modern medicine isn't everywhere; it doesn't have the solution to everything, wherever it is. The same is true of traditional medicine. Be that as it may, the practice of traditional therapeutic scarification prevents and cures illnesses, but it poses problems of medical ethics and bioethics and needs to be reorganized, assisted, supervised and, why not, introduced into training schools, hospitals in general and those in Benin in particular
Skora, Theresa A. "Urban scarification an architectural strategy of healing /." This title; PDF viewer required. Home page for entire collection, 2010. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.
Björse, Gisela. "Near-natural forests in southern Sweden : silvicultural and palaeoecological aspects on nature-based silviculture /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5868-4.pdf.
Nordborg, Fredrik. "Effects of site preparation on soil properties and on growth, damage and nitrogen uptake in planted seedlings /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-6079-4.pdf.
Poteet, D. C., D. L. Robinson, A. K. Dobrenz, and S. E. Smith. "The Effects of Alfalfa Seed Scarification in Saline Environments." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/200811.
Matha, Catherine. "Recours en actes masochistes à l'adolescence : les scarifications comme tentative de symbolisation?" Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H004.
Adolescence is a period of turbulence and intra-psychic conflict initiated by emergence of puberty (biological and bodily changes) and its inherent dynamic sexual ramifications. Faced with an identity disorganisation and the difficulty of containing the pulsional pressure, adolescents may demonstrate destructive behaviours. Masochism allows the physical appropriation of pulsional pressure in the form of self-aggressive or defensive behaviour. It is for this reason that paroxysm is reached in adolescent populations. In an attempt to control or come to terms with the underlying tension and anxiety of their metamorphosis and the resulting sexual fantasies and desires, adolescents may voluntarily turn to self-mutilation behaviours such as scarification. Firstly the concepts and theories of masochism and the characteristics of masochistics behaviour and their relevance to the specific adolescent population are reviewed. Subsequently the challenges of each dimension of masochism are explored and analysed. The erogenous dimension of masochism , reactions to pulsional pressure and the acceptance of the body and its symbolic representation, the feminine variants of masochism in relation to the bisexual psyche, with regard to question of passivity and submissiveness and moral masochism as a unconscious response to the difficuties of loss. Lastly the clinical illustrations of adolescents aged 14-17 with scarification behaviours, demonstrate the diversity of psychopathological behaviours, of the problems experienced and the common defence mechanisms. The author will then explore the implications for counselling and therapeutic provisions
Rahbar, Behbahani Shabnam. "La terre du point de vue paysager : enjeux esthétiques, enjeux éthiques, enjeux écologiques." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0049.
This study is situated within a broader and major contemporary issue. Namely to overcome the modernist vision of the world, and more precisely its ontological dualism which deems opposing the subjective to the objective, the cultural to the natural. This need arises from an awareness that has marked the last decades : the modern dichotomy of subject and object is not compatible with the reality of human living environments and dwelling spaces. This tension is principally responsible for certain current crises such as the ecological degradation and the profound loss of local identity. Many researchers and practitioners have dealt with this dichotomy and have attempted to draw out the conditions for the possibility of overcoming it. This thesis aims to contribute to the converging thinking in this area by examining the land through the lens of landscape. As an alternative to modernist view, it proposes a way of seeing in which there is continuity between the physical, the sensory and the symbolic. This study seeks to highlight the concrete reality of milieux and to offer ways to integrate and enhance it as such in landscape projects. To do this, a mesological approach has been adopted in the wake of ¨ecumene” defined by Augustin Berque. Based on a trajective logic, this approach allows to consider simultaneously the natural and cultural factors contributing to the formation of reality. This research is also concerned with landscape works that are representative of this philosophy and this alternative state of mind. The analysis here focuses on two different historicocultural contexts. The projects of contemporary landscape architects in France, are examined in juxtaposition to the tradition of gardening in pre-modern Iran. Through comparative analysis, the study extrapolates three universal principles that are at work in any landscape development and provides a common framework for all landscape practices. The proposed principles provide directing guidelines for creating a sustainable relationship between development projects and their sites aesthetically, ecologically and ethically
Régis, Luc. "Communautés de peau : art corporel et scarification à l'ère de la globalisation." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0393.
The thesis draws on a wise corpus on body art, set of practices transforming the appearance of the body (paintings, scarification, piercing and tattooing). It is based on observation and knowledge of various forms of past and present body art, both in developped western societies and non-western, and on two years of fieldwork investigations in Burkina Faso on Bwaba facial scarification. The analysis compares the arguments of various body arts in the system of scarifications invented by Bwaba. The goal is to help build a general theory of body art. After an introductory chapter, body art is examined from both the theory of art and anthropology
Jones, Covy Dennis. "Scarification and Cultural Practice of Four Lupine Species Native to the Great Basin." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3073.
Gaillard, Arnaud. "Sexualité et prison : enjeux de punition, enjeux de réinsertion." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H024.
Inside the total institution that the prison constitutes, sexuality represents a tool of punishment and power, at the price of the destruction of the personalities of the prisoners and of their understanding of otherness. The deprivation of sexual relations, justified on the pretext of respect for decency, represents a factor of desocialisation for individuals imprisoned for the long term. Solitary sexuality, due to the absence of heterosexual otherness, locks them up in a form of virtual excitement with regressive effects and feelings of guilt. Monosexual imprisonment raises the question of a homosexuality of subsitution or of circumstances, which, because it endangers the sense of male power, provokes a reactional homophobia as a defence against the forbidden otherness. Finally the function of meetings with « the outside » in the various systems of « visiting rooms », underlines, by the negation of intimacy, the authority of the administration in the control of otherness and of pleasure
Johansson, Bengt. "Markberedning med traktorgrävare, prestation och kostnad." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-25584.
Åberg, Adam. "Could Lithospermum officinale be bird dispersed? : A greenhouse experiment." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-264350.
Karlsson, Christer. "Effects of release cutting and soil scarification on natural regeneration in Pinus sylvestris shelterwoods /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2000. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2000/91-576-5871-4.pdf.
Karlsson, Josef. "Högläggning eller harvning : En jämförande studie av planteringspunkter och markpåverkan vid olika terrängförhållanden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för skog och träteknik (SOT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54298.
Monteiro, Laís Naiara Honorato [UNESP]. "Armazenamento e tratamentos pré-germinativos em sementes de Punica granatum L." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148755.
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A romãzeira (Punica granatum L.), espécie exótica no Brasil, possui grande potencial para exploração comercial por apresentar inúmeras atividades medicinais e nutracêuticas. Porém, sua produção de mudas via sementes não se encontra totalmente elucidada na literatura. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do armazenamento e de tratamentos pré-germinativos na emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de romãzeira. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Tecnologia de Alimentos e Sócio-Economia, da UNESP - Câmpus de Ilha Solteira, de agosto a dezembro de 2015. Foram coletados frutos de romã cv. Comum fisiologicamente maduros de pomar comercial localizado no município de Presidente Prudente - SP. Avaliaram-se até estabilização da emergência: início, porcentagem, índice de velocidade e tempo médio de emergência. Aos 50 dias após a semeadura avaliaram-se: número de folhas; diâmetro do caule; comprimento do sistema radicular e da parte aérea e massa de matéria fresca e seca total. Para o experimento de armazenamento (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias em embalagens de sacos de polietileno transparentes, sacos de papel brancos, e frascos de vidro), em um lote das sementes não foi retirado a sarcotesta. Para os experimentos de escarificação e imersão em água (0, 12, 24 e 48 horas) e em GA3 (0, 500, 1000 e 1500 mg L-1), a escarificação em um lote das sementes foi feita com lixa de nº 100. A sarcotesta das sementes de todos experimentos foi retirada utilizando a pressão dessas contra uma peneira com abertura de 2,36 mm em água corrente. Verificou-se que o armazenamento de sementes de romã com sarcotesta é viável em embalagens de polietileno transparentes por até 90 dias, favorecendo variáveis de emergência. Sementes de romã com sarcotesta devem ser semeadas logo após retiradas do fruto para favorecer o crescimento inicial das plântulas. Nos experimentos de escarificação, a associação deste método com imersão em água por 12 horas ou em 500 mg L-1 GA3 reduziu o início e o tempo médio de emergência das sementes de romã. Para emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de romã não se faz necessário o uso da escarificação mecânica, da água e do ácido giberélico na imersão das sementes.
The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), an exotic species in Brazil, has great potential for commercial exploration because it presents innumerable medicinal and nutraceutical activities. However, its production of seedlings via seeds is not fully elucidated in the literature. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage and pre-germination treatments on emergence and initial growth of pomegranate seedlings. The experiment was conducted in the Plant Science Laboratory of the Department of Plant Science, Food and Socio-Economics of Technology, UNESP – Faculty of Engineering – Ilha Solteira, from August to October 2015. Physiologically mature fruits were collected from adult plants of pomegranate cv. Comum in a commercial orchard located in the Presidente Prudente city. Start, percentage, speed index and emergence mean time were evaluated until emergence stabilization. Fifty days after sowing were evaluated: leaves number; stem diameter, root length, shoot length and total fresh and dry matter. For the storage experiment (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days in transparent polyethylene bags, white paper bags, and glass bottles), in lot of seeds the sarcotesta was not sarcotesta. For scarification and water immersion experiments (0, 12, 24 and 48 hours) and in GA3 (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1), scarification in a lot of seeds was done with sandpaper nº 100. It was pressed against sieve (2,36 mm aperture) under running water for removal of sarcotesta of all experiments. The storage of pomegranate seeds with sarcotesta is viable in transparent polyethylene packages for up to 90 days, favoring emergency variables. Pomegranate seeds with sarcotesta should be sown after being removed from the fruit to favor the initial growth of the seedlings. In the scarification experiments, the association of this method with immersion in water for 12 hours or in 500 mg L-1 GA3 reduced the start and mean time of emergence pomegranate seeds. For emergence and initial growth of pomegranate seedlings, it is not necessary to use mechanical scarification, water and GA3 in the immersion of seeds.
Monteiro, Laís Naiara Honorato. "Armazenamento e tratamentos pré-germinativos em sementes de Punica granatum L. /." Ilha Solteira, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148755.
Resumo: A romãzeira (Punica granatum L.), espécie exótica no Brasil, possui grande potencial para exploração comercial por apresentar inúmeras atividades medicinais e nutracêuticas. Porém, sua produção de mudas via sementes não se encontra totalmente elucidada na literatura. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do armazenamento e de tratamentos pré-germinativos na emergência e crescimento inicial de plântulas de romãzeira. O experimento foi realizado no Laboratório do Departamento de Fitotecnia, Tecnologia de Alimentos e Sócio-Economia, da UNESP - Câmpus de Ilha Solteira, de agosto a dezembro de 2015. Foram coletados frutos de romã cv. Comum fisiologicamente maduros de pomar comercial localizado no município de Presidente Prudente - SP. Avaliaram-se até estabilização da emergência: início, porcentagem, índice de velocidade e tempo médio de emergência. Aos 50 dias após a semeadura avaliaram-se: número de folhas; diâmetro do caule; comprimento do sistema radicular e da parte aérea e massa de matéria fresca e seca total. Para o experimento de armazenamento (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias em embalagens de sacos de polietileno transparentes, sacos de papel brancos, e frascos de vidro), em um lote das sementes não foi retirado a sarcotesta. Para os experimentos de escarificação e imersão em água (0, 12, 24 e 48 horas) e em GA3 (0, 500, 1000 e 1500 mg L-1), a escarificação em um lote das sementes foi feita com lixa de nº 100. A sarcotesta das sementes de todos experimentos foi retirada utilizando a pre... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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Rioult, Catherine. "Scarifications et tatouages chez les jeunes dans la société d'aujourd'hui : une écriture sur le corps." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070017.
Scarifications and tattoos are m sharp increase in France today, Studies have shown how important for the subject is the irreversible status of these marks on the body. Unable to put words on his psychological suffering, the symptom enables the subject to reassure himself as to the limits of his own body, his ability to experience pain and witness the flow of his own blood. The act translates a deficit in the protective shield function and in the ability to verbalize. We elaborated our research on the psychoanalytic work with an adolescent girl who practiced scarification. As soon as the patient spontaneously started writing to us, she stopped scarifying herself. The coincidence between these two facts is at the origin of our hypothesis : through transference her symptoms switch from one form of writing to another, from body to paper. The practical and theoretical contributions of anthropology and psychoanalysis can shed light on this question. History and linguistics helped us to understand the symbolic value of writing on unexpected materials. In traditional societies, body marks are imposed upon citizens during ritual acts, to indicate their identity or their social position. In our society, how can we decipher these body marks which function as symptoms in this context. The psychoanalytic setting enables the subject to work from body marks to psychological elaboration. Thus a therapeutic outcome could emerge from this written approach that gives full sense to elaboration
Nolan, Curtis Daniel. "Effect of Initial Scarification and Overlay Treatment Timing on Chloride Concentrations in Concrete Bridge Decks." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2662.pdf.
Tassel, Mathilde. "Les enjeux du bioart." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010653.
Tomb, Roland. "Circoncision : les enjeux éthiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20725.
Circumcision is probably the oldest enigma in the history of surgery. It has been performed at least since Antiquity – maybe since prehistoric times – for cultural and religious reasons. More than a century ago, especially in the English-speaking world, it had become a medicalised surgical intervention. Circumcision was at once trivialised and emptied out from its symbolical signification, and ascribed with a thousand hygienic and prophylactic properties that changed along with medical fads and fashions. Today, about a fifth of the male population is circumcised worldwide. What are the ethical stakes of circumcision when pitted against the principle of human bodily integrity? Can it satisfy universal ethical principles?
Berg, Staffan. "Studier av mekaniserade system för markberedning och plantering : Studies of mechanized systems for scarification and planting /." Garpenberg, 1990. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1990/99-1221733-0.gif.
Batista, Gisele Sales [UNESP]. "Morfologia e germinação de sementes de Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc (Arecaceae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96905.
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A palmeira Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc é a única espécie produtora de palmito amargo e desperta grande interesse no paisagismo brasileiro, porém ainda é pouco estudada. A germinação lenta e desuniforme das sementes acarretam problemas na propagação dessa espécie, dificultando principalmente, a produção de mudas em escala comercial. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os aspectos morfológicos dos diásporos e das plântulas, bem como, estudar o efeito do substrato e da escarificação mecânica na germinação de sementes de S. oleracea. Para os estudos da morfologia, efetuou-se a semeadura de 100 diásporos em caixas de plástico (50 x 22 x 16 cm), contendo uma camada de 10 cm do substrato vermiculita média umedecida, sendo retiradas amostras representativas de casa fase do processo germinativo. As amostras, a face externa, interna e o embrião dos diásporos foram documentados com auxílio de câmara clara acoplada ao estereomicroscópio. Para o estudo do efeito do substrato e da escarificação mecânica, o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 6X2 (seis substratos: vermiculita, areia, Plantmax®, Turfa®, fibra de coco e composto de poda de árvore, combinados sem ou com escarificação mecânica do endocarpo) e 4 repetições de 25 diásporos. Anotou-se, a cada 5 dias, durante 90 dias, o número de sementes germinadas adotando como critério de germinação o aparecimento da primeira folha. Determinou-se porcentagem de germinação (%), Índice de Velocidade de Emergência (IVE), área foliar (cm2), comprimento de raiz (cm), massa seca de folha (g) e massa seca de raiz (g). As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5 %. Verificou-se que as sementes são albuminosas, com endosperma ruminado e de consistência dura ocupando quase todo o interior do diásporo; o embrião...
The Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc palm is the only species producer of bitter palm heart and arouses great interest in the Brazilian landscape, but is still little studied. The slow and uneven germination of seeds cause problems in the propagation of this species, mainly the seedlings production on a commercial scale. The objective of this study was to describe the disseminule and seedling morphology and to study the effect of substrate and mechanical scarification on germination of S. oleracea seed. For study the morphology, was made the sowing of 100 disseminules in plastic boxes (50 x 22 x 16 cm) containing a layer of 10 cm medium vermiculite and samples representing each phase of the germination process. The samples, the external and internal face, and embryo of the seeds were documented using the help of a clear camera coupled to a stereomicroscope. For study the effect of substrate and mechanical scarification, the design was completely randomized in factorial scheme (6x2) with 4 replications of 25 disseminules. Noted to every 5 days during 90 days the number of germinated seed adopting as criterion for germination the appearance of the first leaf. It was determined percentage of germination (%), speed of emergence index (IVE), leaf area (cm2), root length (cm), leaf dry mass (g) and root dry mass (g). The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The results showed that the seeds are albuminous type, ruminal endosperm with hard consistency occupying almost the entire interior of the disseminule; the embryo is lateral, peripheral, straight and little differentiated; the seed germination is remote tubular type. It was concluded that seeds without scarification in vermiculite, germinated faster and had higher percentage of germination (65%) and greater length of root (16.55 cm), leaf dry mass (5.07 g) and dry mass root (12.41 g).
Dargent, Fanny. "Les scarifications à l'adolescence." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070059.
This work stages a dialog between a model, meta-psychology, and a clinical practice, in the context of institutionnal and individual analytical treatment of adolescents who resort to morbid scarification. It seeks to throw light on the psychic processes that underly the recourse to self-inflicted harming. The attack on the body, that stems from a deep-seated disturbance of the self and an intractable anguish , represents a form of résistance to a deep attachment to trauma, that seeks to consolidate the frontiers of the self. Drawing in particular upon the work of D. Anzieu on the "Moi-peau" (Skin as Self), the thesis introduces the notions of psychic asphyxia and breathing spaces , as a prelude to a "skin project", which the adolescent embarks upon in the course of the treatment. It is argued that the investment of infantile sexuality is counter-invested through a splitting and an over-investment in the extemal envelope of the surface of the body. In addition , the scarified body can contribute to an attempted sexualization, that uses a mise en scène with perverse, exhibitionnist or fetichistic characteristics. These recourses to the exterior of the body are closely akin to certain forms of body art, inasmuch as they signify anti-social melancholic acts. Recent developments in society, especially in the treatment of loss and destructivity help to explain the current increase of scarification among adolescents
Cantin, Roland. "Pour une écologie industrielle - risques majeurs industriels internes : enjeux sociaux humains et enjeux économiques." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO22013.
An industrial plant is a formidable social, economic and technological laboratory. It appears to be a progressive living system itself situated within a wider economic system. Said to be an open system, a plant is a transformer which takes in (inlet) and dispatches (outlet). Unfortunately, fortuitous inlets and outlets are not seen as major factors of progress yet. Thus the work offers first a catalogue and an analysis of fortuitous inlets and outlets (opinion, justice, natural hazards - disfunctionings, accidents, catastrophes, and nuisance. . . . ) Then the elaboration of a methodological and strategic frame capable of facilitating the decisions made by social and industrial partners concerning the setting up of hazardous installations and their management. As time goes on, a new approach to industrial activity, and its economic and social role within today's society is building up. This third culture - following that of science and that of nature as described by Prigogine I and Stengers Y. In their "new alliance" - participates in the construction of industrial ethics integrating human and economic aspects, environment and security : hence the idea of industrial ecology
Hartmann, Cyril. "Aéroports : quelques enjeux juridiques actuels." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99176.
In the first chapter the development of airport ownership and management structures will be studied. Although in most cases airports are still owned and managed by governments or local bodies, since the 1960s, new approaches to ownership and management have come into practise. This phenomenon is studied from the perspective of its impact upon public air law.
The second chapter deals with airport charges and their international legal framework. After examining the different forms of airport charges and the recommendations enacted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), the author will be led to the conclusion that the current legal regime is unsatisfactory and that the most appropriate solution to this would be to incorporate the principles formulated by ICAO in an Annex to the Chicago Convention.
The third and final chapter is devoted to the study of a legal dispute between Switzerland and Germany with respect to the approach paths to Zurich airport through German airspace. It is concluded that the unilateral legal measures taken by the German government are, with one exception, in conformity with international law.
Abdel-Azim, Khaled Ahmed. "La mer Rouge : enjeux géopolitiques." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082483.
In the aftermath of the September 11th 2001 attacks, the Red Sea region experienced an important geopolitical remodeling, to be analyzed in depth. December 2001, the strait of Bab El-Mandab was placed under the strict surveillance of the French, German and Spanish battleships, in the framework of the anti-terrorist operation Enduring Liberty, led by the United States. The Goal of this operation is to supervise communications between Somalia and Yemen, whose geographies and tribalism could allow combatants, from Al-Qaida escaping from Afghanistan (after the fall of the Taliban in November 2003) and Pakistan, to take refuge in the mountainous areas by the coast of Yemen or to take advantage of the chaotic situation generated by the Non-State which reigns for more than a decade in a segmented divided Somalia, dominated by tribes and clans which could try to take advantage from here or there
Hupfer, Séverine. "L'homéopathie : enjeux et approches juridiques." Dijon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007DIJOD001.
For more than two centuries, homeopathy, medicine oriented to the person, exists and grows. It proposes a global, medical and pharmaceutical approach of the patient. Even if homeopathy is often criticized, it imposes itself as and daily medicine, and has more and more addicts, doctors and patients. A European directive dated from 1992, related to homeopathic drug has defined formal bases for the juridic evolution of this medicine which misses legitimacy. That is precisely this lack of recognition which limits the complete integration of homeopathy in the medical world. Building a clear juridic system could establish general rules for everyone. The goal of this work is to do an analyze of homeopathy stakes and to find a way of modern status and application for this very old medicine. For this, two topics will be analyzed : freedom to choose this therapy as a method to recover health, and the security homeopathic drug could propose to the patient “consumer”
Susini-Anastopoulos, Françoise. "L'écriture fragmentaire (définitions et enjeux)." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030027.
This research of comparative literature intends to study the different definitions of the "fragment" and to show the most important stakes of textual fragmentation and discontinuity
Waters, Roderick-Pascal. "La "sprezzatura" : enjeux et concepts." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0011.
In his 'Book of the Courtier' (Venice, 1528), Baldassare Castiglione (1478-1529) touches on 'a certain Recklessness ('sprezzatura'), to cover art withall, and seem whatsoever [the Courtier] does and says to do it without pain, and (as it were) not minding it', of which 'grace is much derived', 'for in rare matters and well brought to pass every man knows the hardness of them, so that a readiness therein makes great wonder' (I, XXVI, modern-spelling Hoby translation). Our study begins with a contextual analysis of 'sprezzatura''s main concepts : grace versus beauty, nature and artlessness versus labour. From a genealogical point of view, we then offer a fresh aesthetical translation of Augustine's theological (and anthropological) concept of grace, which turns out to strongly support 'sprezzatura''s conceptual frame ; we thereupon investigate Castiglione's relationship to the 'classical' value of artlessness, as found both among Ancients (Horace, Cicero, the Elder Pliny) and Moderns (Boileau, Rapin, Bouhours, Gracián). Setting back the focus on context, we then expound the inner workings of the Court, become acquainted with a number of contemporary theorists of Beauty and Grace (Ficino, Alberti, Bembo, Diacceto, Varchi, Firenzuola, Della Casa, Romei, Sardi, Accetto), and set 'sprezzatura' within the realm of 'Maniera' (especially Bronzino and Giambologna). Conclusions are eventually drawn while discussing Bourdieu's concept of 'Distinction'.We hold that 'sprezzatura' should not be reduced to the classical scheme of 'ars est celare artem', neither does it shrink grace to the mere lustre of beauty ; much to the contrary, it accounts for the very drama of imminence, thus making an aesthetical use of imagination inspired by the Christian understanding of grace. Neither should the 'mediocritas' claimed by Castiglione be reduced to its lesser self, inspired by the likes of Della Casa and Accetto : it strives for a perfect balance and a virtuoso equilibrium between the merely natural and the ridicule of 'affettazione' (which may be linked to the pursuit of the sublime). Truly, 'sprezzatura' 'reaches to the edge of generosity' (Baltasar Gracián, 'El Héroe', XIII, personal translation).Various Appendices are attached, especially : an enquiry into the roots of the concept of 'Angel' wielded by Ficino and Diacceto ; a review of various courts of the Italian Renaissance outlining their main aesthetical and cultural values
Vega, Osorno Mezli. "Enjeux photographiques / projets urbains : Sud." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0021.
Through to the notion of " landscape representations " we visualize territories in transformation. Exploring different geographies, the global phenomenon of urbanization will be analyzed through photographic artworks and contemporary art installations in connection with the city.This study focus on how the artists' experience acting on peripheral sites is rendered by various uses of photography between landscape representations and archives. The process of developing my project, South, a photographic ensemble, will be studied to account for the formation of analogies among geographically distant territories.Examples from the worlds of literature, anthropology and economics will help us to bring light on the artist's position within globalization and the interactions between urban space and inhabitants. This research will lay foundation for the constitution of artistic projects which closely engage with the urban reconfiguration phenomena in large cities questioning the status quo of housing diversity
Boyer-Weinmann, Martine. "La relation biographique : enjeux contemporains." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/boyer_m.
In France, judgment about literary biography is still largely influenced by the reception of Proust's Contre Sainte-Beuve. This impossible hybrid of a genre, constantly obeying the constraints of "fact", meets with dead-ends and paradoxes and comes up against the combined prejudices of writers, the university and critics. Following hints from anglo-saxon theory, this study endeavours to describe the spectrum and critical workshop of biography in order to analyse its interpretative stakes in the relationship between contemporary criticism and the question of knowledge and meaning. Starting from three specific case-studies of writers and their mythography (Rimbaud, Colette, Malraux), it analyses the process by which testimonial and hagiographic narratives become proper biographies, founded on pacts, whose modalities are considered from the perspective of epistemology, ethics and rhetoric. It further examines how the mythical image is deconstructed, thus making the relation (understood as narrative and relationship) between a biographer and the writer-biographee both valid and complex. Drawing the outlines of a poetics of non-fictional biography, it attempts to find an imaginative compromise between narrative seduction and the demands of truth
Heller, Thomas. "Audiovisuel d'entreprise. Enjeux & contradictions." Grenoble 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989GRE39011.
The business world increasingly uses audiovisual media within the scope of its activities. The latter aim at stimulation as much as for insuring correct running of a business concern, but at the same time constitute a point where different interests converge. Because of this, audiovisual media are the vehicles for a major social challenge, which is to legitimate the company and its principles towards the social corpus as a whole, and to create a collective conscience towards it. What is at stake, this is already noticeable in the so-called "motivational" products, may be generally observed throughout the multiple components of audiovisual media. However, content analysis does not provide a viable basis for generalisation, and the difficult management of the media reveals contradictions that limit their implications. Moreover this analysis attenuates the capacities of audiovisual media to motivate this challenge. In terms of social internal management, numerous changes have been observed, in which audiovisual media play an increasingly important role insofar as they reflect the new social relations within the business. Nonetheless, the demands of competition impose limits to change, whilst the part played by audio
Boyer-Weinmann, Martine Martin Jean-Pierre. "La relation biographique enjeux contemporains /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/boyer_m.
Doucet, Paule. "L'action patrimoniale : enjeux et processus." Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STET2069.
Batista, Gisele Sales. "Morfologia e germinação de sementes de Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc (Arecaceae) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96905.
Banca: Regina Maria Monteiro de Castilho
Banca: Fabíola Vitti Moro
Resumo: A palmeira Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc é a única espécie produtora de palmito amargo e desperta grande interesse no paisagismo brasileiro, porém ainda é pouco estudada. A germinação lenta e desuniforme das sementes acarretam problemas na propagação dessa espécie, dificultando principalmente, a produção de mudas em escala comercial. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os aspectos morfológicos dos diásporos e das plântulas, bem como, estudar o efeito do substrato e da escarificação mecânica na germinação de sementes de S. oleracea. Para os estudos da morfologia, efetuou-se a semeadura de 100 diásporos em caixas de plástico (50 x 22 x 16 cm), contendo uma camada de 10 cm do substrato vermiculita média umedecida, sendo retiradas amostras representativas de casa fase do processo germinativo. As amostras, a face externa, interna e o embrião dos diásporos foram documentados com auxílio de câmara clara acoplada ao estereomicroscópio. Para o estudo do efeito do substrato e da escarificação mecânica, o delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 6X2 (seis substratos: vermiculita, areia, Plantmax®, Turfa®, fibra de coco e composto de poda de árvore, combinados sem ou com escarificação mecânica do endocarpo) e 4 repetições de 25 diásporos. Anotou-se, a cada 5 dias, durante 90 dias, o número de sementes germinadas adotando como critério de germinação o aparecimento da primeira folha. Determinou-se porcentagem de germinação (%), Índice de Velocidade de Emergência (IVE), área foliar (cm2), comprimento de raiz (cm), massa seca de folha (g) e massa seca de raiz (g). As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5 %. Verificou-se que as sementes são albuminosas, com endosperma ruminado e de consistência dura ocupando quase todo o interior do diásporo; o embrião... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The Syagrus oleracea (Mart.) Becc palm is the only species producer of bitter palm heart and arouses great interest in the Brazilian landscape, but is still little studied. The slow and uneven germination of seeds cause problems in the propagation of this species, mainly the seedlings production on a commercial scale. The objective of this study was to describe the disseminule and seedling morphology and to study the effect of substrate and mechanical scarification on germination of S. oleracea seed. For study the morphology, was made the sowing of 100 disseminules in plastic boxes (50 x 22 x 16 cm) containing a layer of 10 cm medium vermiculite and samples representing each phase of the germination process. The samples, the external and internal face, and embryo of the seeds were documented using the help of a clear camera coupled to a stereomicroscope. For study the effect of substrate and mechanical scarification, the design was completely randomized in factorial scheme (6x2) with 4 replications of 25 disseminules. Noted to every 5 days during 90 days the number of germinated seed adopting as criterion for germination the appearance of the first leaf. It was determined percentage of germination (%), speed of emergence index (IVE), leaf area (cm2), root length (cm), leaf dry mass (g) and root dry mass (g). The averages were compared by Tukey test at 5%. The results showed that the seeds are albuminous type, ruminal endosperm with hard consistency occupying almost the entire interior of the disseminule; the embryo is lateral, peripheral, straight and little differentiated; the seed germination is remote tubular type. It was concluded that seeds without scarification in vermiculite, germinated faster and had higher percentage of germination (65%) and greater length of root (16.55 cm), leaf dry mass (5.07 g) and dry mass root (12.41 g).
Mestre
Heyrend, Françoise. "Les conduites d’automutilations : contribution à l’étude psychanalytique d’une pathologie traumatique." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100197.
This case study is a pretext to a theoretico-clinical thought process about more or less deliberate bodily mutilation. It is the borders or the limits which come into play, more than death precisely, as in a deliberate quest of death : on the contrary, these mutilations come from the process of identity survival and from a quest of self affirmation. Our hypothesis is that common aspect of certain body attacks, past the cultural phenomenon, is the lack of symbolization in preceding generations, which has in turn brought on trans-generational transmission, and from there we find the lack of ties, of limits, and the forbidding of even thinking these faulty ties. However this does not result, as is generally the case, from an unvoiced comment or the existence of a family secret, but rather from an ordeal, a psychic or physical attack of an ancestor that could not be symbolized. The attacks on the body represents a form of resistance to a deep attachment to trauma that seeks to consolidate the frontiers of the self. In addition, the resorting to the exterior of the body, inasmuch as it signifies sacrificial acts, from a historical perspective, is closely akin to certain forms of body art tattoos, body piercings but other types include scarification, branding, scalpelling. Recent developments in society, especially in the treatment of loss and destructiveness help to explain the current increase of scarification among adolescents
Valmorbida, Erika. "Phénoménologie de l'automutilation : la nouvelle scène du corps." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070085.
'Self-harm is life that turns against itself. It touches and hurts one ofthe possibilities of the human being: his corporeality. We will attempt, within the limits of the unthinkable aspects of the issue, to understand the meaning of therelationship to the world, to oneseif and to others that is contained in these peculiar forms of violence, that are called self-harm and the extreme situations thatare associated with them. We also want to distinguish them from the intention and from the act of suicide. The question is tricky because the existential sense of self-harm car corne close to that of suicide, but also prove to be very different; that's what makes the originality of this phenomenon. The purpose of self-harming is not to die but to live. Through this distinction we will examine the intentionality and senses that these behaviors carry with them. The self-harming acting out, when looked from the perspective of immediate action, are far from having a full and unique sense. The self-destructive violence contains a hidden reference to intersubjectivity. Itis a complex act accompanied by multivalent intentions, ill-conceived, aborted or precipitated and, therefore, difficult to interpret. Nevertheless, the explorationof the phenomena of tattoos, extreme piercings or other aesthetic manifestations involving an act of violence to the skin or mucous membranes, helps to understand the dynamics. The reassembling of the process that allows these enactments to stay on this side of a self-destructive act is of great importance for clinical research, for psychopathology and for ethics
Lafaurie, Steve. "La blessure physique auto-infligée des adolescents et jeunes adultes : une tentative de (re)structuration transitive face à l'angoisse de l'être." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT5024.
Studying the “self-inflicted physical wound” of adolescents and young adults, we wish to bring into the light the phenomenon of putting into act which, taking place during adolescent psychic (re)structuring, suggests a subjective identity questioning. Immediately after puberty, the new adult being must now assume himself as a man or a woman by resorting to a nomination, in that he finds the way to limit his identity. But, if this dialectical reference is missing, the inexpressible question of identity hence remains in balance and can show itself in an anguishing loss of subjective sense, partly resolved through an act. An action that, again putting the body into subjective play, seems to be one of the way to create oneself an ego, without the help of the Other incapable of naming the subjective division which, no longer being significant, becomes a Real cut visible in the image (of oneself). Through the repetition of wounds, the putting into… seems to become the act of a “subject” which, by the small gash that explains itself, can resume an identity questioning, stitching it up as an answer temporally sufficient to give oneself a sort of subjectivity other than linguistic
Bélanger-Lemay, Fannie. "Les enjeux éthiques du transport urbain." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29896/29896.pdf.
Négozio, Sam Norbert Shmuel. "La répétition, problématiques, enjeux et théorie." Lyon 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO31017.
Drieu, Didier. "Traumatophilie à l'adolescence et enjeux thérapeutiques." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070030.
Reference to traumatophily in adolescence has often a negative echo. Those temptations to repeat the trauma can let imagine the predominance of an operatory, or at least, masochistic functioning. Yet, the way these tendencies are acted out reveal the existence of a heterogeneous traumatic basis. Resorting to perceptive, masochistic experience or to defence mechanisms struggling in a paradoxical way against intrusion or ascendancy experience, seem to show the initiatory dimension of these repetitions. Thus, they must be perceived as attempts of subjective appropriation contextualized through reference to a filiation affected by traumatic conflicts that have not been overcome, most of the time in previous generations. The adolescent seeks the compromise between rebuilding the parental narcissistic support and dealing with trials of differentiation with the object, in the new pubertal context. Therefore, even in the fantasy of auto-engendering, he seems to continue to explore links to an originary experienced as traumatic. As a consequence, these evolutions induce us to listen to the adolescent with echo to the parents' problematic. The construction of the mode of visit must take into account the intersubjective context of the disorders. That is the reason why these interviews should be done and co-constructed with parents
Bernelas, Jean-Louis. "L'arabisation en Algérie : développement et enjeux." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100109.
French colonial politics in Algeria asked the question of arabization, after the departure of Turk ishes milicias ("odgak"). But, what's the mean of arabization: translation or way of life? Nationalists’ parties (a. U. M. A. , p. P. A, m. T. L. D, m. N. A. , f. L. N. ) were opposed about that matter. Politics of arabisation was launched by m. Boumediene, but both Chadli Bendjedid and f. L. N. Developed it. It is 10 years since, the more arabization rises, the more islamisation progresses, control the political life; even the economic life is ruled by Muslims. Actually, berberians are opposed to arabization, because "Tamazight" is-in fact- banned in Algeria
Kefalag, Paraskevi. "La Méditerranée orientale : les enjeux stratégiques." Paris 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA020096.
The strategic stakes in the east mediterranean in many cases overstep their local or regional dimension and take on an international character because of the high strategic position of the region as well as relations between local powers of the "communicating vessels" type, developed there. These strategic stakes can be distinguished as follows : a) those who represent the hard core of the existing regiional conflicts whether these conflicts are "hot" or not at the present time - which are : the arab-israeli conflict, in all its dimensions ; the lebanese conflict, including its inter-arab aspect ; the greek-turkish and cypriot conflicts ; and the yugoslav conflict. B) influence exerted in the region by certain big powers as well regional and local powers with the common denominator being the quest for hegemony, correspondent to the concerned actor's power. C) those which represent new causes of regional conflict, such as the sharing of water in the near and the middle east, or major factors of regional destabilisation like the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, islamic fundamentalism or the nationalism expressed by revisionist policies
Mosser, Sophie. "Eclairage urbain : enjeux et instruments d'action." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082307.
In the context of the renewal of theories and practices in the field of "urban lighting", what is the quality of the public actions toward lighting regarding their social reception? On the one hand, our bibliographical and experimental work on the perception of the night environments reveals the limits of the paradigms of both visual comfort and the needs for lighting devices. On the other hand, our study of the doctrines and logics of action makes it possible to clarify the process of production of the city at night. Crossing these two dimensions, the regulation of the lighting policies comes out as a major stake to improve the relevance and the utility of the actions of lighting: it consists in undertaking the actions in accordance with representations of the public good that are built collectively. Our work with lighting managers and technicians makes it possible to outline instruments which could help to put this regulation into practice. It is crucial to sustain the development of these instruments
Laviolette, Eric Michael. "L'essaimage en PME : enjeux et modalités." Lyon 3, 2005. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2005_out_laviolette_e.pdf.
This dissertation aims at understanding the motives and the process of " sponsored " spin-offs in SME. Our thesis is that the structural specificities of SME favors strategic spin-offs in two perspectives : organizational emergence and organizational development. The analysis is based on six case study of small firms (eight spin-offs cases) in the mechanics, video game and construction industries. From an organizational emergence standpoint, three motives are outlined : outgrowth innovation, incremental outsourcing and flexible HRM. Spin-offs are adequate strategies for SME to resolve specific dilemmas : exploration/exploitation, productivity/specificity, retention/conversion. Moreover, small firms' strategic and structural flexibility enable better management of the spin-off process. From a organizational development standpoint, three aspects of the spin-off process are further described : intense incubation, personalized maturation and durable post-creation relationships. In SME, business owner's mentoring intensifies incubation, technical and affective engagements personalize resources and small firms' strategic and structural flexibility facilitates relationships
Audet, René. "Le recueil : enjeux poétiques et génériques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37925.
Ulive, Schnell Vicente. "Les performatifs mimétiques : enjeux et limitations." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/133382133#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Our research approaches the debate surrounding the "Speech acts" models (Austin, Searle, Grice) by reevaluating the ideas advanced by Ludwig Wittgenstein concerning language. We can find a line of thought connecting his two major works: The Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus and the Philosophical Investigations that leads us to the Philosophical Anthropology proposed by Arnold Gehlen (as well as Max Scheler and Johann G. Herder). This thread takes us to the "mimetic" aspect inherent in the production of a locution, characteristic of man's interaction with his environment. This approach can help us refresh our understanding of language, noticeably by opening up the binary logic proposed by Anglo-Saxon thinkers who reduce all linguistic interaction to a question of imitation / application of a model in a given situation. In our research, we try to show how a "mimetic" approach to language, this is, an approach that tries to uncover the path of production / reproduction of a way of thinking, can be interesting in the understanding of how certain "views" or "forms of life" (Wittgenstein) are transmitted between different domains and fields. Also, since the "Speech act" models present a "total" philosophy that includes a logic and a pragmatic characteristic as well as a political, an ethic and a social approach, it is important to study these models and understand how they have become an explanation and a justification for the world we live in. This is why a different perspective, that takes into account Wittgenstein's concerns about man and his relation to language, can enlarge our understanding about how language works and help us escape the teleological "performative" language approach in favor of a "mimetic" language where variables such as appropriation, comprehension production and creation of a locution are what is essentially important
Bernelas, Jean-Louis. "L'Arabisation en Algérie développement et enjeux /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616729p.
Berthet, Samuel. "Inde-France, 1870-1962 : enjeux culturels /." Pondichéry : New-Delhi : Institut français de Pondichéry ; Centre de sciences humaines, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41165605m.
En appendice, choix de documents fac-similés. Bibliogr. p. 501-543. Notes bibliogr. Index. Résumés en français et anglais. Diff. en France.
Laviolette, Eric Michael Everaere Christophe. "L'essaimage en PME enjeux et modalités /." Grenoble : ANRT-Grenoble, 2005. http://thesesbrain.univ-lyon3.fr/sdx/theses/notice.xsp?id=lyon3.2005.laviolette_me-principal&qid=pcd-q&base=documents&id_doc=lyon3.2005.laviolette_me&num=&query=&isid=lyon3.2005.laviolette_me.