Дисертації з теми "Enfants handicapés mentaux – Éducation – France"
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Lansade, Godefroy. "La vision des inclus : ethnographie d'un dispositif d'inclusion scolaire à destination d'adolescents et jeunes adultes désignés handicapés mentaux." Paris, EHESS, 2016. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01408175v2.
Повний текст джерелаBased on a 3-year long ethnographic investigation as well as an extensive teaching career, this study attempts to both give an account and question the schooling of “mentally disabled” teenagers and young adults aged 16 to 20 in vocational secondary schools. From their own perspectives - and having adopted a low-standard approach, I strived to understand the way they experience their inclusion in the ULIS scheme (Localized Units for Inclusion). With particular attention to the configuration of their inclusive education, i could account for and put into question the socio-educational impacts of a public policy for inclusive education “in the making” of which they are the center. From the corpus and my analysis of the connection these teenagers and young adults have with the educational system whether they fit in or oppose it, their projects, their choices and the way they interact with others and see themselves, I demonstrate that they wonder about their high school life and question what is generally said about them and how they are perceived. This research shows that these students do have a clear vision of their experience and understand the paradoxes at the core of the ULIS scheme. I also focus on the objective social and institutional constraints weighing heavily on their school trajectories. A better understanding doesn’t necessarily imply a better action. Still, it is essential to listen to these socially invisible youngsters so as to empower them as people able to express their difficulties and make their own choices
Sceaux, Catherine. "Les classes de perfectionnement depuis 1945. Genese,enjeux ideologiques,evolution des institutions, responsabilites des acteurs." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA054021.
Повний текст джерелаLehaut, James. "Réflexion sur l'abord des familles dans des établissements médico-éducatifs de la Sarthe." Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN3122.
Повний текст джерелаCalcine, Marie Paule. "Particularités de l'inclusion des enfants et adolescents handicapés mentaux à l'Ile de la Réunion : une situation liminaire." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC031.
Повний текст джерелаSocial policies nowadays aim at reducing inequalities in access to rights: reinforce access to full citizenship for people with disabilities and build an inclusive society. The concept of "inclusion" is gradually substituting that of "integration", following the change of paradigm. In other words, it is no longer up to the person with “special needs” to adapt himself to a so-called "normal" system. It’s up to society to ensure that everybody is included, regardless of his particularities. Solidarity is everyone's responsibility. The sociological context of Reunion Island is quite particular: it has known a colonial history before its accession to the statute of French department in 1946, which has accelerated its socio-economic development. This Overseas Department presents the advantages of an industrial society, without any natural resources. The various cultural and religious practices in such a small territory due to the melding of populations make the people of Reunion island singular. Their representation of handicap and its social treatment are strongly influenced. This society has developed spheres of inclusion with particular codes that are quite different from those of the French metropolitan society. Therefore, these particular codes are sometimes different from those practiced in school. And children with mental disabilities live in a sort of airlock between the family and school spheres, where some students stagnate, in the liminality. Nowadays all stakeholders, families, teachers and social workers, try to rely on new schemes to achieve a better inclusion for these children
Eideliman, Jean-Sébastien. ""Spécialistes par obligation" Des parents face au handicap mental : théories diagnostiques et arrangements pratiques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00333296.
Повний текст джерелаChestakova-Lefevre, Nina. "Etude comparative de la prise en charge de personnes en situation de handicap mental en France et en Russie." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC282.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objectives of this thesis consist in making a comparative analysis of the specified health care of people with mental disabilities in France and in Russia, using a multidisciplinary follow-up programme aimed at young adult patients. This doctoral study begins with a history of the theoretical advances in the health care organisation for people with mental health conditions as well as an overview of the legislation evolution. This exploratory and comparative study includes 20 people (10 French and 10 Russian) with light or medium intellectual disabilities, aged 19 to 33, who are placed in specialized institutions. A comparison is made between the current legislations in France and Russia and shows that though alike, they result from a very different history. The health-care organisation for people with mental disorders is also under close scrutiny. The analysis shows the great diversity in specialized mental-health-care infrastructures available both in France and Russia. The collection of data has been carried out through the study of medical and educational files and semi-structured interviews with the supervising staff and young adults in specialized centres. In this doctoral thesis, the study methodology as well as the results obtained in psychometric and projective tests are provided. Findings are discussed in light of current research and criticized with regard to methodological limitations. This research work exhibits the impact of the institutional health-care on the social adjustment of those young people with mental-health issues, according to their psychological potential. This study analyses the results of different mental-health-care programmes in two countries - France and Russia — with distinct social and societal patterns. However, this bibliographical and historical research shows that practices result from clinical and therapeutic values that have sometimes been conflictory, and which for historical reasons are often close, but also at times disjointed. In fact, this inquiry shows that the exchanges between France and Russia must be maintained, as they used to be, in relation to practices and research. The approaches of the two cultures appear quite complementary and can learn from each other. Comparative studies must therefore continue. This enlargement would provide other examples of social situations or institutional environments which would help to understand the impact of the various health-care programmes in both countries
Mazereau, Philippe. "L'école dans le champ français de l'éducation spéciale : 1909-1989 : Les conflits de désignation psychiatrique, pédagogique et psychologique de l'insuffisance mentale de l'enfant." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30005.
Повний текст джерелаHistory of special education and especially the place tooken indoors by the school, serve here as a chronological thread to a work of reconstruction which tries to preserve logic's multidiinentionality which is set to work in that field. The study of the description's oppositions, supplie by the bipartit structure in a sector devided, from the very beginning, into school and psychiatric institutions, represents its main argument. Its problematic - producted by the pratice's analysis of a specialised teatcher having worked in a therapeutic establishment- notes the imaginery and epistemological consequences of this subjective implication. Its purpose takes into consideration the interrelational dimension of political. Institutionnal and erudite oppositions, about child mental deficiency, too often jorsaken by school and psychiatry's specific sociologies. The emergence of specific field of special education, at the beginning of the twentieth century, revealed at the same time the political, institutionnal and erudite dimensions of knowledge the child mental ionctionning. In the course of history, social educational and or therapeutic practices, served of resource to the classification's discussions, linking questions about politic and educational methods. As a generic designation, the notion of child mental insufficiency knew many psychiatric, psychological and pedagogical meanings which aim at determining the proportion of educable and remediable. Nowadays debates about school failure account for the contradictory aspect of representations which acknowledge their dependance to a complex system of determinations. Following up the social's construction's principles of abnormality's categories, of maladjustment, of handicap, bring up to date the professionnal and disciplinary aspects of nosographical's representations. Psychiatry, psychoanalysis and psychologies heterogeneous productions refer to their practical and instutionnal roots, even thouth the sterile opposition between science and ideology isnt renewed. So can we hope to determine for the best the social stakes bound by the knoledge's production on child psychism
Honoré, Gaëtan. "Les gestes professionnels efficaces en faveur des élèves en situation de handicap scolarisés en dispositif Ulis-École." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Mulhouse, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024MULH6226.
Повний текст джерелаIn 2022, France had nearly twelve million people with disabilities, or 17.8% of the population. From the 1959 Declaration of the Rights of the Child to the latest recommendations for school for all (2023), numerous regulatory and legislative advances have governed the reception of students with disabilities in France. Thus, the concept of inclusion was recognized as a new paradigm. However, it is clear that resistance and obstacles remain. If the 2005 law advocated welcoming all, the 2013 school reform law requires the acquisition of academic skills and now requires real changes in professional gestures. At the start of the 2024 school year, more than 436,000 students with disabilities were enrolled in schools, constituting 3.6% of students, with more than 132,000 support workers for students with disabilities. This massive influx of otherwise capable young people has put the system under strain by forcing the teaching profession to question itself and re-examine its practices. The transformation of CLIS into ULIS in September 2015 corroborated this change with a clear desire to allow students with disabilities to work and learn among their peers. These regulatory intentions nevertheless come up against various obstacles (training, representation of disability and the teaching profession, influence of the head of the establishment). The issue of this work will focus on the effectiveness of actions in favor of students enrolled in Ulis-School
Gateaux, Jacqueline. "Les médecins aliénistes, les psychopédagogues et la déficience mentale à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle : étude du service des enfants idiots de Bicêtre." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H020.
Повний текст джерелаBucari, Miriam Claudia. "Le traitement des enfants handicapés mentaux dans le système scolaire argentin." Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR21001.
Повний текст джерелаTogether with the introduction of the education of the mases, the need appeared in Argentina to create an alternative structure, adapted to those children who were unable to follow the normal lessons. Starting with a pure medical viewpoint at the beginning of this century, the handicap is in the sixties recognized to be surmountable with an early identification and a rational orientation. Later, research carried out in Argentina has proved the influence which the social environment has on the development of children as well as the effect of the educational isolation of the rural regions in a nation with a surface of approximately five times that of France. It appears that the special education is mainly developed in the urban areas. Practically no professional openings can be found for the young handicapped. This is the reason why we have denominated it a "short term education". Also, the slow acting public sector must be considered as well as the importance to the benevolent associations, especially in the capital. The province of Buenos Aires has the advantage of a more complete special education system which, however, is linked to some predominant ideologies
El, Hamdaoui Ahmed. "La perception de l'évaluation de l'évolution des enfants handicapés mentaux et leurs modes de prise en charge institutionnelle au Maroc." Lille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIL30019.
Повний текст джерелаBousquet, Françoise. "Maître en psychose : recherche sur l'identité professionnelle de l'instituteur spécialisé confronté à des enfants gravement perturbés sur le plan de la personnalité." Toulouse 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU20062.
Повний текст джерелаChildren who are psychotic or seriousely perturbed are prejudzed as being "uneducatable" and often even "unapprochable". In order to establist an "exchange" or a "relationship" it is very important that the teacher has an understanding of the law, and the ability to use and explain symbols. In order to help children who fall into this category it is necessery to create conditions which are found in some institutions, which specealise in this type of case. Teachers are therefore confronted with serious problems in the execution of their work. The reason for this thesis is to try to find a structuration of the professional identity following a problematic that takes into account the project, the role, and the strategys to try to elucidate, what is done and who is doing it - in a priori impossible relationship - which is nevertheless imposed, often no avaid, but sometimes efficacious
Andreassian, Renée. "Jeunes enfants trisomiques en milieu scolaire normal : étude comportementale : contribution à une réflexion sur l'intégration des enfants "différents"." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100153.
Повний текст джерелаMiakaloubanza, Benoît. "L' éducation des déficients intellectuels au Congo : analyse et propositions." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100126.
Повний текст джерелаPicon, Ingrid. "Adolescence et déficience intellectuelle : approche clinique de jeunes accueillis en UPI ou en IMPro." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUEL622.
Повний текст джерелаVia a clinical approach, this thesis explores the adolescent life of young intellectualy disabled persons accomodated in IMPro or in UPI and the tools that allow to better understand this population. The analysis of the results shows that the young express their adolescence-linked desires but the resources and means at their disposal to cross this stage of life, are limited. Different factors can explain this situation in particular the social and educative environment with differences among UPI and IMPro. The adolescents show as well that they can actively influence their future development, as persons that cannot be reduced to the exclusive influence of external factors. The methodological reflections on their part have allowed to underline the importance and the interest of asking the young intellectually deficient about their life, but they also allow to place in front the difficulty to understand them through the instruments of research and classic clinical tools
Ricard, Véronique. "La représentation des handicaps : une approche développementale : le développement de la représentation sociale des personnes handicapés et de leur handicap chez les élèves tout venants de CE2, de CM2 et de 5EME de collège." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100076.
Повний текст джерелаIf school integration of handicapped children and adolescents is to become "a functioning characteristic of our French educative system" (circular n° 90. 082), don't we have to question ourselves about how the main agents of this integration, ordinary pupils, apprehend the handicap and the handicapped person? Our aim is to enrich the rare French data 1) by exploring the content of pupil's representation about handicap and handicapped persons, 2) by examining the general hypothesis according to wich the representation is organised around a central kernel (Abric 1976, 1994) : this would validate the eminently social nature of representation and 3) by specially studying social categorisationand stereotypes by the mean of a comparaison of portraits. .
Mathieu-Cabouat, Sophie. "Jeunes handicapés et éducation spéciale : pour une philosophie contractuelle." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10027.
Повний текст джерелаYarmohammadian, Hossein Abadi Ahmad. "Etude de méthodes d'éducation spécialisée du langage pour des enfants avec un déficit cognitif (déficience intellectuelle et autisme)." Lille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL3A002.
Повний текст джерелаCarrier, Leclerc Nicole. "Construction de concepts chez des enfants déficients." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29294.
Повний текст джерелаGilles, Eric. "Scolarisation des élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers : du compromis entre intégration et inclusion scolaire à l'émergence d'un nouveau modèle éducatif." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL585.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to reveal the breakdown in a process which should have led, from the principle of educability of children, to the inclusion of all pupils with a special educational needs. From the beginnings of our era until today, handicapped pupils, pupils with learning difficulties, but also pupils newly arrived in France and children from travelling families, have certainly seen their conditions of access to education, improve considerably. But, instead of adopting once and for all an inclusive approach, the authorities have set up new conditions of access to schooling for some of these children and teenagers. For the handicapped pupils the law has thus merged ordinary schooling and special education. This research shows how, on the basis of a compromise between integration and inclusion, new concepts have been imported into the educational institution, in particular since the February 2005 law on handicaps. This leads to the emergence of a new three-level educational model, represented by special schooling. A perspective on our education system in its handling of pupils with special educational needs, within the European integration policies, shows how far the adoption of this new model of integration contributes to the French educational exception. Finally, this thesis constitutes a thesaurus of the official texts accompanying this evolution, from the great Ferry laws on education, to the legal and lawful provisions, founded on a double tension : on the one hand, the universal right to education for all the children and, on the other hand, the resistance of certain lobbies of specialists and French society itself, to their inclusion in schools
Godet-Montalescot, Sophie. "Handicap et éducation : analyse sociologique de l'activité des Commissions départementales d'éducation spéciale." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H061.
Повний текст джерелаLawson, Dossou Louise. "Représentations sociales de la déficience mentale propres aux éducateurs prenant en charge des enfants déficients mentaux d’un IMPP au Togo." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1478.
Повний текст джерелаZaffran, Joël. "L'intégration scolaire des enfants handicapés à l'ecole primaire ordinaire : évaluations et analyses des effets sur le groupe scolaire." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX10018.
Повний текст джерелаPradelle, Michel. "Etude diachronique de l'intégration scolaire du jeune déficient visuel : le fait villeurbannais (1890-1990)." Lyon 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO20020.
Повний текст джерелаHow a visually impaired child is to-day in situation to be accepted in normal schools, in class-rooms for normal children. This problematic is going through a diachronic trajectory following a marginal logic (1790-1990). Four "fractals" lines (cf. B. Mandelbrot, "Les objects fractals" & M. Serres, "Hermes v") are set up, allowing to analyse this diachronic trajectory: 1 - the educability of the blind child; 2 - the social integration of the visually impaired child. All that allows the installation of special educative institutions at a regional level: Lyon-Villeurbanne for exemple (1890-1990). 3 - importance and evolution of the teacher's judgment (specially the instution managers) about the visually impaired child. 4 - so, all possible prosthesis must be intervening to make up the handicap: braille writing, white cane, computer scientist's discoveries. The basic prosthesis seems to be still the special institution. These four "fractal" lines allow then the installation of an ideologie of absolute integration which seems somewhat dangerous for certain children few capables of confronting this kind of situation
Simon, Marie-Agnès. "La position enseignante dans les instituts médico-professionnels : analyse clinique de la relation d'enseignement." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H059.
Повний текст джерелаBarrier, Claudette. "L'enseignement spécialisé (1945-1990) : analyse sociologique et historique de l'évolution des professions dans le secteur de l'adaptation et de l'intégration scolaires." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H074.
Повний текст джерелаSpecial schooling created in 1909 was a first institutional answer to school organization of deviant childhood and adolescence. Moreover it contributed to defining a new profession : special teacher in primary school. The study of special institutorat, as a part of division of labour, reveals social and professional paths which lead to the different functions of teaching, reeducating, education authority, adults training, comittee secretaryship of special education and of the diversity of recruitment that modify professional behaviors. This analysis which is based on the interactionistic schema of career, in the sense of a path that updates an aptitude system, leads to the building of several professional types that stand out as milestones in socio-historic evolution of the profession. This differential approach shows that the search of the acknowledgment of a social identity in joining union or professional associations being inclined to the corporation, indicates the emergency of the professionalization process in the different constituted groups
Boukhelif, Meryem. "Les représentations sociales de la scolarisation des enfants avec handicap mental." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30053.
Повний текст джерелаThe school attendance of children mental handicap remains an underexploited field of search despite the opulant amount of informations that could bring to adapt to the best the interventions for the success of the Integration Act.The integration into mainstream education is a societal challenge. This service aims children with intellectual disabilities, so they can receive a quality education in a most normal framework possible and thus the ability toestablish contacts with non-disabled peers.Since 1996, laws and regulations engage more and more education brought to all children, whatever their difficulties, the education of mentally disabled with this law encounter difficulties to be achieved outside specialized institutions.The research actions on the education of children with mental handicaps remains very few, this is why research will focus on the representations of society put forward (disabled children's parents, teachers, normal children's parents), and to explain to them in order to identify the conditions for inclusive education
Vallée, Tocqueville Mélanie. "L'intégration des jeunes enfants en situation de handicap dans les crèches et haltes garderies seino-marines : pour une philosophie de l'alter ego." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL031.
Повний текст джерелаBrier, Pascal. "Emergence et disparition de la gymnastique médico-pédagogique asilaire (1838 à 1909). Approche socio-historique de l'éducation physique pour les enfants déficients intellectuels." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100150.
Повний текст джерелаThe present thesis has an epistemological and sociohistoric nature. It is about the care of the intellectual deficient children described, in the 19th century, as « idiotic children », «fools », « retarded » and regarded as patients having mental insanity. The research concerns more specifically the processes which has led to the emergence, to the development then to the disappearance of gymnastics called medico-educational for the idiotic children in mental homes. These gymnastics begin in the field of medicine when medical specializations and gymnastics are worked out. It develops during all the 19th century in the framework of an elaborate system of care of medico-educational type. This treatment, used in some Parisian asylums, appears, at the end of this century, to be a very accomplished form of education and instruction for this population. It comes from the work of a movement of reforming agents (gymnasts, teachers, nurses, etc), sponsored by doctors who try to institutionalize this prototype in the medical domain then in the school field. The development of experimental psychology through the creation in particular of metric scale of the intelligence is a breakthrough which leads in 1909, to a distinct treatment of the mentally handicapped patients and the mentally handicapped schoolchildren. The first are pushed in insane asylums with a treatment based on medical attention. The seconds, considered retarded children are handed over specific schools’ care in the regular school system. The medico-educational model and its gymnastics in asylums disappear permanently in the early 20th century
Denis, Pierre. "Stress, coping et sentiment d’auto-efficacité des enseignants ayant à inclure un enfant présentant un TSA en maternelle : quelle incidence sur la perspective parentale ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3144.
Повний текст джерелаSince the 11 February 2005 legislative act, disabled children are to be educated in normal schools. Teachers need to adjust to their needs. But academic studies show that autist children's behaviour can be stressful for teachers. In this study, we assumed that autistic children's teachers' perceived stress is mostly linked to aversion. We also assumed that coping strategies' functionality is correlated to self efficacy belief. Additionally, we assumed that autistic children's parents perceive aversion-linked stress due to teachers' distress. To answer these questions, we assessed participants with the ale scale, the brief cope and a clinical interview. For teachers we added the self efficacy test. Our results show that teachers perceive setting academic goals for autistic children as an educational challenge, even if they doubt their ability to help them. Mirroring this feeling, autistic children's parents feel stress linked to teachers' self doubt. However highly functional coping strategies used by parents and teachers alike show that they can write a new chapter in autistic children's education
Chatelain-Dumeste, Florence. "Action publique et construction d'une nouvelle activité de travail : le dispositif des auxiliaires d'intégration (ou de vie) scolaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX24005.
Повний текст джерелаBrulé, Emeline. "Comprendre les expériences scolaires des enfants déficients visuels en France : Approche mixte par l'éthnographie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0048.
Повний текст джерелаSince 2005, France recognizes the right of children with disabilities to attend their neighborhood mainstram school schools. This research, conducted from 2014 to 2017, focuses on the school experiences of visually impaired and blind children in France, in order to understand the impacts of this legal evolution. More specifically, it seeks to understand how student well-being is defined in this context, both by students and by health, care, social and educational workers; the resources negotiated and mobilized by students to improve their schooling conditions; and to propose ways in which assistive educational technologies can be designed and used in inclusive schooling. To achieve this, it explores how the sensory turn can help to design inclusive technical and didactic devices
Chabot, Isabelle. "La couverture du « livre vivant » fait-elle son histoire? : Tournez la page pour découvrir l'expérience vécue de « lecteurs » de la Bibliothèque vivante à l'égard des personnes ayant un trouble mental." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29990.
Повний текст джерелаLaville, Matthieu. "L’enseignant référent : une fonction à la croisée des mondes sociaux du handicap." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1001.
Повний текст джерелаThe “enseignant référent” : A function at the crossroads between the social worlds of handicap The legislation dating back to February 11th 2005 tends to be in favour of the principle of inclusion, based on the fact that all pupils have to go to a school which is the nearest possible to their mainstream school, and even more those with a disability. It encourages the development of new collective adjustments, between educational, medical, social and health aspects. It is in this changing context that the legislator has specified a function of “enseignant référent” (ER), who is in charge of “making sure that the permanent relations between the pupil and his parents are maintained throughout his period of education”. This research project deals with the professionalization process of this function. It is carried out under the joint headings of the social history of professions and the activity analysis. The first one deals with the inscription of this function in the field of childhood disability. The second one concentrates on the sociology of professional groups and points towards the clarification of the ER work organization tools. An exploring ethnography presents the organization of the activity of one of them. It is then used as a source in the creation of a questionnaire which is transmitted to all of the French ER. The results present a topography of the professional territories and are further completed by 21 interviews which gives further information on the way these professionals carry out their functions on a daily basis. Based on the flow of data, I have then decided to appreciate the interpretations, crystallized on a departmental basis of the legislative framework, which defines the ER function. This analysis finally leads to linking the structural dimensions of the evolutions of children’s schooling and the manners one interprets in its context the pivotal role of the ER function
Ferrère, Nathalie. "Liens familiaux et socialisation de l’adolescent trisomique 21 scolarisé : Etude clinique à partir de l’écoute des adolescents et des parents." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05H037.
Повний текст джерелаWith a clinical approach and by means of original implement, this thesis explores and analyses the psychological and social movements which adolescence engenders for the Down's syndrome young persons and their parents. The adolescent's living experience is appreciated thanks to a mixed methodology (interviews, projective tests, observations, group talks). Semi-direct interviews enabled to explore the parent's personal experience. The transformations related to adolescence had repercussions on the evolution of the Down's syndrome adolescent's relation to the self and the others and on the parents' experience. During this period of time marked by changing, the psychological and affective wounds caused by the handicap's trauma effects are reactivated. The adolescent and the parent go again through a living experience of violence (linked to the emergence of sexuality, the limits and forms of reject imposed by the handicap) which weaken themselves on the narcissistic point of view. To confront it, each of them develops defensive strategies. In that context, it appears that the adolescent's and the parents' investment in the social sphere, the acceptance of a third party in the relationship, would offer ways to liberation so that the adolescent is able to pursue their construction. The methodological reflexions enable to underline how important it is to talk for these young persons, who reveal a great desire to tell about themselves. These reflexions also show the limits in the use of standard clinical implement with this population, as well as the back-ups' required adjustment
Ngo, Melha Ernestine Antoinette. "Inclusion scolaire des élèves en situation de handicap en France et au Cameroun : analyse de la politique nationale et points de vue des enseignants." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH016.
Повний текст джерелаThe discourse of experts and international organizations, as well as the initiatives of policies and movements in favor of emancipation and the place of people with disabilities, are oriented towards the construction of a school for all (Ainscow, 1991; Sen, 1992; UNESCO, 1990; UNESCO, 1994; UNESCO, 2000; UN, 2000; UN, 2006)). Educational policies integrate, more or less clearly, the educational needs of children with disabilities. Inclusive education implies changes and upheavals in both the teaching practices and the school organization as a whole. It is therefore important to take an interest in teachers' perceptions of the national policy favoring the inclusion of disabled pupils in mainstream schools in France and Cameroon and to consider the factors likely to influence or determine effectiveness and sustainability of this policy which can be considered as being imposed on them. The model of multidimensional evaluation of the quality of the educational devices borrowed from Tremblay (2012) and the model of planned behavior of Ajzen (1991) are used in this research to meet the two main objectives. A two-part questionnaire with proposals for answers was sent to primary school teachers. Our research concerns a population of 133 teachers including 65 Cameroonians and 68 French. The dimensions studied for the first part of the questionnaire are as follows: The relevance of the objectives, the characteristics of the population of the scheme, the adequacy of resources, the reliability of actions, the effectiveness and the flexibility of the system. Normative beliefs, perceptions of difficulties and behavioral beliefs are studied through the second component. Analysis of the simple variance (ANOVA) is used to compare the averages between countries and the correlations studied to evaluate the main components of the Ajzen model. Our results show that despite a strong adherence to the policy for the inclusion of students with disabilities by teachers interviewed in both countries, it would not seem to be effective. This would be explained in the case of France by the objectives which would not be achieved and in Cameroon by the resources which would be insufficient. Points of divergence are observed on certain aspects of the dimensions studied, such as the size of the class, the pedagogical approach, the resources and the individual characteristics of the students. As for our model derived from the Ajzen theory, correlation analysis shows linear links between three components: the perceived difficulties of teachers, their normative beliefs and behavioral beliefs. The perceived difficulties are negatively correlated with both normative beliefs (-.33) and behavioral beliefs (-.65). Thus, according to the theoretical model developed, the intensity of the difficulties experienced creates negative beliefs among teachers. Normative beliefs (in the main references of the National Education) are positively related to behavioral beliefs (.50), which they seem to favor. It is important to note that the three components do not determine teachers' attitude towards inclusion, since the correlations are not significant. Our analysis suggests, considering the weak correlations between the attitude of the teachers and the other components of the model, to look for other factors exogenous to the model we studied, which would explain the attitude of teachers towards the policy of inclusion
Guinard, Yves. "Les fonctions sociales des troubles du comportement ou la gestion médicale des désordres sociaux." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR2021.
Повний текст джерелаBehaviour disorders of children and adolescents, classified among mental disorders justify the exclusion of pupils from schools to place them in institutions for disabled persons. By interfacing the study of the experience of young people and their parents, the history of that category and the part played in it by different actors, this research aims at understanding the world of behaviour problems and their functions. Behaviour disorders are more than a medical category, they are the the results of a social construction, they serve as a means to exclude and socially define children from the underprivileged classes. Following what happens in schools, they favour the shift of responsibility for underperforming from schools to families. The medical world plays a major part in this normative universe. It provides a would be scientific guarantee for the exclusion of the economically and culturally poorest section of the school population and for the more drastic security measures as well. The prevention of delinquency lies in controlling underperforming children from a very early age and socially deprived families. This implication of the medical world in the control of social disorders is a development of its missions as Foucault described it. In spite of inner conflicts, the world of mental medicine today wants to appear as experts in the prevention of deliquency through managing underperforming in schools and offering an early diagnosis of problems it fails to define
Galle, Patrice. "Le partenariat entre les acteurs de scolarisation de collégiens sourds et malentendants." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20098.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the schooling of the deaf or hearing-impaired children. It looks into the specific conditions for an effective partnership between the child, his or her family, the school and the special school, in order to facilitate the schooling goals. The aim is to identify the pros and cons of a partnership agreement, to highlight the mandatory criterion for it to work and to provide appropriate support for the implementation of the schooling project of special needs children. Through a series of guided and semi-guided interviews, we inquire into the actors (children, families, professionals) who experience such schooling projects in the Pays de Loire Region. We look at how the different stakeholders define the aim of the partnership, their role in it, the resources they bring in, the relationship they develop with others and the actions that follow the partnership measures.The success of the partnership between these various actors is based on a balancing principle which considers that the strengths of a partner can fill in the gaps of another one.The idea of inclusive schooling comes up against the isolationist positions of the institutional actors. The partnership contributes to develop more inclusive practices because this collaborative mode allows to build bridges between the actors, which is the cornerstone for the achievement of special needs children’s schooling projects
Heinry, Hervé. "L’élève empêché : comment les qualifications médicosociales forgent les trajectoires sur un territoire." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0029.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this research is to analyse how the health care needs of disabled children are covered under the French health care system.The research follows the trajectory in educational and therapeutic institutions and in children’s homes, revealing a system founded on academic policies, practices and interactions between schools and their local care services.The research reveals a system based on territorial cohesive requirements set forth by the Social Action and Family Code, lacking in territorial cohesion and varying largely from one locality to another. In addition to the paradigm of children in the sociology of health, this research highlights the complexity of choice faced by the majority of working class families’ in a system piloted by choice
Agraz, Antoine. "Exercer son "métier de stagiaire" en Institut Médico-Educatif : une tension entre conduites comportementalistes et émancipation du sujet en formation." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR145/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis search is interested in the report to the training of the young people from 14 to 20 years old welcomed in Medical educational institute (IME), that is the young people with light intellectual deficiency, or averages partner or not in disorders (psychic, behavior). Since about fifteen years, the field of the training towards this public with intellectual handicap did not stop evolving towards a process of gratitude of the skills of the subject in training. In support on the works of Fabre, we place this field of the training in paradigm of a "problematic education" where the collective traditional solutions are not any more enough to answer the current stakes on the formative plan concerning this public. In this problematic context, thus it is advisable to be particularly interested in the experience of the people. We analyzed this dimension of experience through an entrance by the values which the young people welcomed in IME build in their route of training within this specialized establishment. Two instruments were exactly examined : the internship (realized by the young people outside of the IME within the framework of their project of social and occupational insertion) and its corollary, the tutelage of internship. An exploratory study by semi-directive conversations with twenty young people of the IME allowed to clear two valuable types who can seem contradictory and emanating from their representations : a first type who gets closer strongly to a behaviouristic vision of the internship and the second typifies in whom gets free a real desire to learn in internship in the speech. To deepen these first emergent indicators of our exploratory survey , a longitudinal survey was led from filmed observations concerning two young people of the IME followed during more than year in the various internships than they have the opportunity to make according to the objectives of their individualized project of support. Dewey and Bachelard, two philosophers of the training attached to the treatment of the problems, were our two theoretical pillars in what they bring railings of analysis of the values which build themselves in the real-life situations. A historic entrance also allowed us to show that the conducts adopted by the young people in internship are to be put in perspective with the way built themselves, as disciplines, the training, the alternation, the pedagogy, the intellectual handicap, according to advances and to slowness. Outcomes of the investigation Longitudinal confirmed those of the exploratory survey. They show that the young people of the IME are confronted in their internship with stakes which join dominant behaviouristic conducts, with sometimes possibilities of break which turn to an access to a more rational dimension of the training. The conditions of this break associated with one learn in internship are bound at the level of intellectual capacity of the person. The more this level is efficient, the more the access at the moments to learn in internship is opened. Our results invite to deal with particularly the question of the emancipation of the subject in training in an IME and opens on the dimension of educational support necessary for the development of the emancipation
Mithout, Anne-Lise. "Compétences pédagogiques et besoins éducatifs particuliers : les écoles d'aveugles à l'heure de l'inclusion. Perspective franco-japonaise." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090049/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn France as in Japan, the educational system for children with disabilities has undergone major changes for the last years, through the development of inclusive education, promoting enrollment in mainstream schools rather than special institutions. However, special schools have not disappeared; they are rather evolving so as to adapt to changes. This work is grounded on the idea that these transformations represent the completion of a historical trend shifting from a category-based approach of disability (in which different medical categories result in specialized treatments) to an approach that, as opposed to the latter, we can call generalist (in which categories of impairments fade into the unified category of “special educational needs”). How do special schools, deeply rooted in the category-based specialized approach, evolve in the days of generalism? We examine the specific case of Schools for the Blind, embodiments of the specialized approach. Through a French-Japanese comparison, we shed light on some gray areas of the international move towards inclusive education. Using the field of work sociology, especially the concept of “skills”, we explore the transformations of special institutions as experiences by their representatives: special teachers. Through comparison, we show that special teachers' work in these schools is no longer based on an expertise of visual disability but relies on the use of relational skills, especially involving adaptation to every child's “special educational needs”, in a context of radically changing teaching conditions, where it becomes growingly difficult to put those skills into practice
要旨 : 近年、フランスと日本における障害児教育制度は、インクルーシブ教育の理念に従って、特殊学校よりも通常学校での在学を推進することで、大きく変わってきた。しかし、特殊学校が全くなくなるわけではなく、特殊教育制度はその変化に応じるように形を変えてきた。本論文はその推移が「障害」の取り扱いの歴史的転換と符合するという公準を基本とする。「各障害の医療的な特性に応じる専門的な取り扱いが必要」という障害種別アプローチから「障害の諸カテゴリーが「特別なニーズ」という単一なカテゴリーに溶け込む」という逆の一般的なアプローチへの転換である。障害種別の専門性を踏まえていた特殊学校はその一般的なアプローチの時代にどう応じてきたか。本研究は障害種別アプローチの体現である盲学校を中心の課題とする。日仏比較により、インクルーシブ教育への歩みという国際現象のあまり検討されていない面を調査することを目的とする。そのために、職業社会学(特に、「能力」の理論)に基づき、盲学校の教員が見た特殊教育の変化を分析する。その結果、盲学校教員の仕事は今、視覚障害の専門性よりも「各生徒の個人的なニーズに応じる」対人関係能力を踏まえているということが示され、盲学校における教育条件の変化により、その対人関係能力の実現が難しくなりつつあることが指摘される。