Статті в журналах: "Endoscopic Laser Surgery"

1

HIKT, Yoshiki. "Endoscopic Surgery and Laser." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 12, no. 3 (1991): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.12.3_9.

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2

Scherer, Hans, Juergen U. G. Hopf, and Marietta Hopf. "Endoscopically Based Endonasal and Transnasal Lasersurgery." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 7, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2001): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/dte.7.109.

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The endoscopically based endonasal and transnasal laser surgery is a surgical procedure, which offers the ENT-specialist a safe and effective method to cure or to improve a number of diseases of the upper and middle airways. Coagulative lasers are used in contact and noncontact mode. Their light is mainly absorbed by hemoglobin but rarely by water. The laser–tissue interaction is performed via flexible glass fibers. For the delivery of the laser beam we use specially designed applicator sheaths, which incorporate the endoscope, the laser fiber and the suction channel. The procedure is controlled online via the endoscopic image on the monitor (“video-endoscopy”). The patient suffers less trauma using this treatment compared to the standard endoscopic surgery and the procedure is much quicker. Pre- and post-operative rhinomanometric and rhinoresistometric measurements reveal that the air flow rate of the nose can be improved effectively.

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3

Deppe, Gunter. "Endoscopic laser surgery." Gynecologic Oncology 40, no. 2 (February 1991): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0090-8258(91)90111-h.

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4

Boese, A., M. Detert, Chr Stibbe, M. Thiele, and Chr Arens. "“Hands free for intervention”, a new approach for transoral endoscopic surgery." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2015-0039.

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AbstractA standard method for transoral diagnostic and dissection of tumour is the endoscopic examination plus microscopic and laser supported surgery. For endoscopic examination a set of rigid endoscopes with different angles of view are on the market and in use. To simplify the diagnostic examination, a first idea was to use an endoscope with flexible angles of view. A further step of this approach is the electrical angulation of the endoscopic view to enable an adaption on the surgery site without using the hands. Thus the hands are free for intervention. This paper shows a first implementation of a prototype of an electrical operated endoscope for a free hand imaging in transoral interventions.

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5

Czigner, J., and L. Sávay. "Endoscopic CO2-Laser Surgery for Vocal Cord Cancer." Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1994): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/dte.1.69.

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A retrospective study is reported on endoscopic CO2-laser microsurgery in 69 patients with histologically verified early vocal cord cancer. A flexible nasopharyngolaryngoscope (STORZ Co) was used for preoperative assessment and occasionally for postoperative follow-up.Six years of experience with this technique have led to endoscopic cordectomy, previously not accepted as a therapeutic method alone, but which has become the favored method with use of the CO2 laser endoscopically. Laser surgery as a therapeutic endoscopic procedure provided successful treatment of early vocal cord cancer in 59 (86%) of the 69 patients. The initial success rate together with “salvage” treatment modalities reached 96% (66/69 patients).Endoscopic laser surgery resulted in a decrease in voice intensity and phonatory duration from near normal to mildly abnormal. Voice preservation succeeded in 97% of all patients. Thus, the data demonstrate that endoscopic laser surgery is a useful modem method of therapeutic endoscopy for early vocal cord carcinoma.

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6

Neitsch, Marie, Iris-Susanne Horn, Mathias Hofer, Andreas Dietz, and Miloš Fischer. "Integrated Multipoint-Laser Endoscopic Airway Measurements by Transoral Approach." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6838697.

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Objectives. Optical and technical characteristics usually do not allow objective endoscopic distance measurements. So far no standardized method for endoscopic distance measurement is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of transoral airway measurements with a multipoint-laser endoscope.Methods.The semirigid endoscope includes a multipoint laser measurement system that projects 49 laser points (wavelength 639 nm, power < 5 mW) into the optical axis of the endoscopic view. Distances, areas, and depths can be measured in real-time. Transoral endoscopic airway measurements were performed on nine human cadavers, which were correlated with CT measurements.Results.The preliminary experiment showed an optimum distance between the endoscope tip and the object of 5 to 6 cm. There was a mean measurement error of 3.26% ± 2.53%. A Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.95 (p=0.01) was calculated for the laryngeal measurements and of 0.93 (p<0.01) for the tracheal measurements compared to the CT. Using the Bland-Altman-Plot, the 95% limits of agreement for the laryngeal measurements were satisfactory: −0.76 and 0.93.Conclusions.Integrated multipoint-laser endoscopic measurement is a promising technical supplement, with potential use in diagnostic endoscopy and transoral endoscopic surgery in daily practice.

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7

Ohomae, Yukio, Tetuzou Inouye, Tetuya Tanabe, and Manabu Nakanobou. "Endoscopic laser surgery for laryngeal disease." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 13, Supplement (1992): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.13.supplement_239.

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8

Marty, Alan T. "ENDOSCOPIC LASER SURGERY HANDBOOK." Chest 94, no. 1 (July 1988): A—21—A—22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-3692(16)39968-8.

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9

Keagy, Blair A. "Endoscopic laser surgery handbook." Journal of Vascular Surgery 10, no. 1 (July 1989): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0741-5214(89)90301-7.

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10

Jeanneret, Alphonse, and Audré Duranceau. "Endoscopic laser surgery handbook." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 47, no. 2 (February 1989): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(89)90297-x.

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11

GOFF, JOHN. "Endoscopic Laser Surgery Handbook." Archives of Surgery 123, no. 8 (August 1, 1988): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1988.01400320111027.

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12

Sullins, Kenneth E. "Diode laser and endoscopic laser surgery." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice 32, no. 3 (May 2002): 639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0195-5616(02)00013-x.

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13

Sharma, S. D., A. Swarup, and A. L. James. "Use of the KTP laser in totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 134, no. 4 (March 3, 2020): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215120000420.

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AbstractObjectiveThis paper reviews our experience of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser in transcanal totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral centre, involving a consecutive series of children with cholesteatoma who underwent totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery with a KTP laser.ResultsThe patients’ mean age was 10.5 years (range, 1.8–18 years). A KTP laser was used in 70 of the 83 cases (84 per cent). The laser was not used in 13 ‘clean’ cases, in which disease was removed more easily. Residual disease was detected in five cases (6 per cent), of which the KTP laser had been used in four (5 per cent). No complications were associated with KTP laser use.ConclusionThe combination of KTP laser use with endoscopic visualisation is effective for minimising the risk of residual disease using a minimally invasive surgical approach. The thin, semi-flexible fibre carrier of the KTP laser is ideally suited to work alongside the endoscope within the narrow confines of the ear canal.

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14

Inouye, Tetsuzo. "Endoscopic Surgery of the Broncho-esophageal Diseases. Endoscopic Laser Surgery." Nihon Kikan Shokudoka Gakkai Kaiho 47, no. 2 (1996): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2468/jbes.47.168.

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15

Gunalan, Ajay, and Leonardo S. Mattos. "Towards OCT-Guided Endoscopic Laser Surgery—A Review." Diagnostics 13, no. 4 (February 11, 2023): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13040677.

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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging technology occupying a unique position in the resolution vs. imaging depth spectrum. It is already well established in the field of ophthalmology, and its application in other fields of medicine is growing. This is motivated by the fact that OCT is a real-time sensing technology with high sensitivity to precancerous lesions in epithelial tissues, which can be exploited to provide valuable information to clinicians. In the prospective case of OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery, these real-time data will be used to assist surgeons in challenging endoscopic procedures in which high-power lasers are used to eradicate diseases. The combination of OCT and laser is expected to enhance the detection of tumors, the identification of tumor margins, and ensure total disease eradication while avoiding damage to healthy tissue and critical anatomical structures. Therefore, OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery is an important nascent research area. This paper aims to contribute to this field with a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art technologies that may be exploited as the building blocks for achieving such a system. The paper begins with a review of the principles and technical details of endoscopic OCT, highlighting challenges and proposed solutions. Then, once the state of the art of the base imaging technology is outlined, the new OCT-guided endoscopic laser surgery frontier is reviewed. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion on the constraints, benefits and open challenges associated with this new type of surgical technology.

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16

Gurău, Petru. "Laser in endoscopic laryngeal surgery." ORL.ro 4, no. 49 (2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26416/orl.49.4.2020.3974.

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17

Yamakawa, Kenta. "Endoscopic Laser Surgery in Neurosurgery." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 16, Supplement (1995): 83–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.16.supplement_83.

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18

Gonnering, Russell S., David B. Lyon, and John C. Fisher. "Endoscopic Laser-Assisted Lacrimal Surgery." American Journal of Ophthalmology 111, no. 2 (February 1991): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72252-4.

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19

Long, Zhongjie, and Kouki Nagamune. "Underwater 3D Imaging Using a Fiber-Based Endoscopic System for Arthroscopic Surgery." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 20, no. 3 (May 19, 2016): 448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2016.p0448.

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Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that is widely used on joints. However, conventional endoscope-based arthroscopic surgery does not provide stereoscopic information to the surgeon. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a modified endoscopic system that uses an optical fiber (1 mm diameter) for three-dimensional imaging of knee joints. Our endoscopic system is able to operate underwater in real time. It consists of a laser beam that is projected on the surface of the object to be imaged via an optical fiber. A prism is used to decrease the length and diameter of baseline and endoscope tube, respectively. The small diameter (8 mm) of our endoscope makes it extremely convenient for application in arthroscopic surgery. The feasibility of the proposed system has been demonstrated via experiments on synthetic knee joints.

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20

Mo, Hangjie, Xiaojian Li, Bo Ouyang, Ge Fang, and Yuanjun Jia. "Task Autonomy of a Flexible Endoscopic System for Laser-Assisted Surgery." Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022 (August 26, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9759504.

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Laser beam steering has been widely studied for the automation of surgery. Currently, flexible instruments for laser surgery are operated entirely by surgeons, which keeps the automation of endoluminal surgery at the initial level. This paper introduces the design of a new workflow that enables the task autonomy of laser-assisted surgery in constrained environments such as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with a flexible continuum robotic system. Unlike current, laser steering systems driven by piezoelectric require the use of high voltage and are risky. This paper describes a tendon-driven 2 mm diameter flexible manipulator integrated with an endoscope to steer the laser beam. By separating its motion from the total endoscopic system, the designed flexible manipulator can automatically manipulate the laser beam. After the surgical site is searched by the surgeon with a master/slave control, a population-based model-free control method is applied for the flexible manipulator to achieve accurate laser beam steering while overcoming the noise from the visual feedback and disturbances from environment during operation. Simulations and experiments are performed with the system and control methods to demonstrate the proposed framework in a simulated constrained environment.

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21

Ossoff, Robert H. "Bronchoscopic Laser Surgery: Which Laser when and why." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 94, no. 3 (March 1986): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459988609400323.

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The use of the carbon dioxide (CO2) and neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers for the endoscopic management of patients with diseases of the tracheobronchial tree is discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of each wavelength are presented. It would appear that there should be unique indications for both of these laser systems; however, each can be used relatively safely and interchangeably if certain precautions are followed.

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22

Ikeda, K., and T. Takasaka. "Endoscopic laser sinus surgery using KTP/532 laser." Lasers In Medical Science 11, no. 2 (June 1996): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02133210.

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23

Noel, Julia E., and Hamed Sajjadi. "KTP-laser–Assisted Endoscopic Management of Glomus Tympanicum Tumors: A Case Series." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 97, no. 12 (December 2018): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556131809701209.

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Endoscopic technology is widely used in rhinology and anterior skull base surgery, but it has been less quickly incorporated into otologic practice. The design of the instrumentation forces surgeons to work one-handed and limits depth perception. Nevertheless, endoscopy also offers wide fields of view and access to spaces that are typically difficult to visualize. Its advantages have broadened the type and extent of operations that can be performed via the ear canal. We describe a method of endoscopic resection of glomus tympanicum tumors in 5 adults who had undergone endoscopic or endoscopyassisted resection. A successful resection was achieved in all patients—exclusively via the ear canal in 4 of them. A KTP laser was used to address the tumor's vascular supply. Attachment of a neonatal feeding tube to the endoscope for use as a suction catheter obviated the need to repeatedly switch instruments while using the laser. At a minimum of 12 months of follow-up, all patients were free of recurrence. Postoperative audiometry detected no significant adverse hearing outcomes in any patient. We conclude that the minimally invasive endoscopic transcanal approach is a feasible technique for addressing middle ear tumors. We have also developed a method that allows surgeons constant use of the KTP laser to resect a glomus tympanicum tumor.

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24

Ikeda, Katsuhisa, Motoaki Ishigaki, Kazuto Matsuura, and Tomonori Takasaka. "Laser Application to endoscopic sinus surgery." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 13, Supplement (1992): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.13.supplement_555.

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25

Tanabe, Tetsuya, Manabu Nakanoboh, Tsuyoshi Matsunaga, Masami Ogura, and Tetsuzo Inouye. "Flexible Endoscopic Laser Surgery to Larynx." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 17, Supplement (1996): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.17.supplement_387.

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26

Sato, Kiminori. "Endoscopic Laser Surgery for Nasal Allergies." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 90, no. 9 (1997): 1009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.90.1009.

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27

GREENE, D. A. "Vocal Quality After Endoscopic Laser Surgery." Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 113, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1987.01860110104019.

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28

Pukander, J., Johannes Kerälä, Antti Mäkitie, Kalevi Hyrynkangas, Jukka Virtaniemi, and Reidar Grenman. "Endoscopic laser surgery for laryngeal cancer." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 258, no. 5 (July 1, 2001): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004050100349.

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29

Lorenc, Z. "Endoscopic Laser Forehead Lift." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 12, no. 02 (1999): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1080210.

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30

El-Baz, Nabil M., David D. Caldarelli, Lauren D. Holinger, L. Penfield Faber, and Anthony D. Ivankovich. "High Frequency Ventilation through a Small Catheter for Laser Surgery of Laryngotracheal and Bronchial Disorders." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 94, no. 5 (September 1985): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948509400514.

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One-lung and two-lung high frequency ventilation (HFV) through a 2-mm internal diameter catheter was evaluated in 22 patients during endoscopic laser excision of stenotic lesions of larynx, trachea, and bronchi. High frequency ventilation at 80 to 250 breaths per minute using air during two-lung HFV and using air-oxygen at an inspired oxygen concentration of 25 % during one-lung HFV maintained adequate alveolar ventilation and oxygenation in all patients. The use of HFV through a catheter allowed continuous control of ventilation and provided maximal surgical exposure for endoscopic laser surgery. The continuous outflow of HFV gases through the endoscope also prevented lung contamination with blood and debris. The potential of HFV polyvinylchloride catheter ignition by laser was also evaluated in the laboratory during continuous flow of air-oxygen and oxygen-nitrous oxide. The laser ignited polyvinylchloride tubes in all the mixtures of oxygen and nitrous oxide within 3 to 7 seconds. Oxygen at 30% mixed with nitrogen 70% was safe and all such tubes were not ignited by the laser. The ability of HFV to provide adequate oxygenation during endoscopic laser surgery using air-oxygen at an FiO2 below 30% also avoids the hazard of catheter and airway fire.

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31

Plzák, Jan, Michal Zábrodský, and Petr Lukeš. "Zenker's Diverticulum: Carbon Dioxide Laser Endoscopic Surgery." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/516231.

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Nowadays endoscopic diverticulotomy is the surgical approach of the first choice in treatment of Zenker's diverticulum. We report our experience with this procedure and try to sum up recent recommendations for management of surgery and postoperative care. Data of 34 patients with Zenker's diverticulum, treated by endoscopic carbon dioxide laser diverticulotomy at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic, were prospectively stored and followed in relatively short period from May 2009 to December 2013. The average length of diverticulum was 32 mm. The average duration of surgery was 32 min. The patients were fed via feeding tube for 6.1 days and antibiotics were administered for 7 days. Mean hospitalization time was 7.4 days. We observed one transient recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and no other serious complications. Recurrence rate was 3%. We recommend complete transection of the diverticular septum in one procedure, systemic antibiotic treatment and exclusion of transoral intake for minimally 5 days, and contrast oesophagogram before resumption of oral intake to exclude fistula. Open diverticulectomy should be reserved for cases with inadequate endoscopic exposure and for revision surgery for multiple recurrences from endoscopic diverticulotomies.

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32

Sato, Kiminori, and Tadashi Nakashima. "Endoscopic sinus surgery for antrochoanal polyp using CO2 laser and/or microresector: a long–term result." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 119, no. 5 (May 2005): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0022215053945732.

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Endoscopic sinus surgery procedure using CO2 laser and/or microresector for paediatric and adult chronic sinusitis with antrochoanal polyp (ACP), with long-term follow-up, was examined. Twelve children and 13 adults underwent the surgical procedure.The following two techniques were used to remove the antral portion of an ACP with a 70°endoscope:(1) CO2 laser – The base of the ACP was vaporized and removed via an enlarged natural ostium with a pipe-guide handpiece with a deflective tip.(2) Microresector – The ACP was resected via an enlarged natural ostium and/or nasoantral window opened under the inferior turbinate with the curved and straight blade of a microresector.In the endoscopic follow up for 10 to 57 months, no patient who underwent the primary surgery required reoperation for ACP recurrence. One out of the seven patients who underwent secondary surgery required a revised operation with microresector and CO2 laser.

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33

Shapiro, Jo, and Jos J. M. van Overbeek. "Endoscopic laser cricopharyngeal myotomy." Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 8, no. 4 (December 1997): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1043-1810(97)80032-2.

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34

Ossoff, Robert H., Robert J. Toohill, James A. Duncavage, and Gabriel F. Tucker. "Limitations of Bronchoscopic Carbon Dioxide Laser Surgery." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 94, no. 5 (September 1985): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948509400517.

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Laser technology has provided new options in the endoscopic management of patients with selected diseases of the tracheobronchial tree. At present, bronchoscopic laser surgery is performed using either the carbon dioxide laser or the neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Strong and his colleagues first performed bronchoscopic laser surgery over 10 years ago when they successfully coupled the CO2 laser to a rigid ventilating bronchoscope. Since that time, the indications for bronchoscopic laser surgery have expanded and the instruments used have become both safer and more “user friendly.” Despite these advances in CO2 laser technology, certain limitations are associated with its use for the endoscopic management of patients with tracheobronchial lesions. This paper discusses these limitations, places this technology in perspective, and reviews recent publications which have suggested that the Nd:YAG laser may be more efficacious than the CO2 laser for the treatment of the same group of patients.

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35

Pinto, Jose A., Luciana Godoy, Valéria Marquis, Michelle Brunoro, Silvana Bellotto, and Cris Gasques. "S163 – Laser Endoscopic Microsurgery for Supraglottic Cancer." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.337.

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Objectives Report our experience in the endoscopic treatment of supraglottic cancer with CO2 laser. Show the outcome reached with laser microsurgery in the treatment of supraglottic cancer. Methods From 1990 to 2007, 19 patients with supraglottic cancer underwent CO2 laser microsurgery. Results There were 7 (36.8%) T1, 5 (26.4%) T2, and 7 (36.8%) T3. T1 and T2 supraglottic tumors underwent endoscopic surgery with CO2 laser. T2 stage patients also were submitted to unilateral neck dissection. 2 patients (10.5%) with early supraglottic cancers had recurrence (one local and cervical and another cervical metastasis submitted to external surgery). Supraglottectomy with CO2 laser was performed to analize the preepiglottic space and to allow tumor stage. All T3 supraglottic tumors had pre-epiglottic invasion and underwent external supraglottic laryngectomy with neck dissection. Conclusions Endoscopic treatment for laryngeal cancer is an efficient therapy for early supraglottic cancers and is the best method to evaluate the preepiglottic invasion. This therapy makes local function possible without prejudice to oncological results.

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Kundu, Utpal Kumar, Mahmudul Hasan, Utpal Kumar Datta, Md Joynal Abedin, Md Oli Ullah, Abdullah Yusuf, and Md Rojibul Haque. "Outcome of Diode Laser Assisted Endoscopic DCR." Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 24, no. 1 (February 5, 2020): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v24i1.45345.

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Background and Objectives: Endoscopic laser dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR) is now a well established, effective approach to relieve nasolacrimal duct obstruction.The aim of DCR surgery is to create a permanent opening between the lacrimal sac & nasal mucosa in patient of chronic dacryocistitis. There are many methods to perform DCR but our approach was diode laser assisted endoscopic DCR. The Objective is to study the outcomes of diode laser assisted endoscopic DCR. Material and Methods: This hospital based prospective non-randomized interventional clinical trial included 49 patients with chronic dacryocystitisat National Institute of ENTbetween august 2015 to July 2016. Success and complications were assessed by evaluating the patient at 1 week, 1 month, 3 month,6 month postoperatively and at least 3 month after removal of silicon tube those who were intubated by nasal endoscopy and sac patency test. Success was defined as absence of epiphora and patency of lacrimal drainage system. Results: Mean age with SD was 44.96 ±15.807 (Range 13 – 70 years). Patients between age group 40 – 60 yrs. was the highest (40.8%), Female were predominant 35 (71.4%) than male. Male Female Ratio was 1: 2.5. Septoplasty for DNS in 8 (16.33%) cases, turbinoplastyfor hypertrophied terbinatein 1 case were performed. Complications were injury to middle turbinate, sump syndrome, syneachia and granulation tissue formation. Overall success rate of DCR was seen in 87.76% cases. Conclusion: Laserassisted endoscopic DCR surgery eliminate the need of conventional external DCR. It is easy to perform, cosmetically good, high tech and has excellent outcome. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2018; 24(1): 79-84

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37

Töteberg-Harms, Marc, Peter P. Ciechanowski, and Jens Funk. "Endoscopic Goniotomy." US Ophthalmic Review 05, no. 01 (2012): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2012.05.01.33.

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Usually an elevated drainage resistance is responsible for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma, while aqueous humor production is still normal. Therefore, currently there are great efforts to develop surgical techniques that enhance the conventional outflow through the trabecular meshwork and Schlemm’s canal and into the episcleral veins. One of these techniques is excimer laser trabeculotomy (ELT). ELT is easy to perform at the end of cataract surgery. The duration of cataract surgery is only prolonged by 2–3 minutes. IOP can be reduced by up to 34.7 %. It is known that the effect of IOP reduction is constant over time, unlike argon or selective laser trabeculoplasty. The procedure is also very safe. If required later, filtering surgery is not compromised because there is no conjunctival touch during ELT and therefore no scarring of the conjunctiva is induced. For a selected cohort of glaucoma patients, this procedure may avoid the need for trabeculectomy.

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38

Ikeda, Katsuhisa, and Tomonori Takasaka. "Endoscopic Laser Sinus Surgery: Holmium YAG and KTP/532 Lasers." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 15, Supplement (1994): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.15.supplement_409.

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39

Boult, Maggi, Robert D. Fraser, Nigel Jones, Orso Osti, Peter Dohrmann, Peter Donnelly, John Liddell, and Guy J. Maddern. "PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC LASER DISCECTOMY." ANZ Journal of Surgery 70, no. 7 (July 7, 2000): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1622.2000.01892.x.

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40

Griffin, John E., Bradley S. Frey, Donald P. Max, and Bruce N. Epker. "Laser-assisted endoscopic forehead lift." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 56, no. 9 (September 1998): 1040–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-2391(98)90252-x.

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41

Yamauchi, Kohichi, Tetsuya Tanabe, Masami Ogura, Takehiro Karaho, and Satoshi Kitahara. "Flexible Endoscopic Laser Surgery for Laryngeal Papillomatosis." Koutou (THE LARYNX JAPAN) 15, no. 1 (2003): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5426/larynx1989.15.1_35.

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42

ISAKA, Keiichi, Toshitaka OGAWA, Yoshinori KOSUGI, Akiko NAKAJIMA, Junko TAKADA, Makoto HASAKA, and Masaomi TAKAYAMA. "KTP Laser Surgery in Gynecological Endoscopic Operation." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 16, no. 3 (1995): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.16.3_19.

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43

Sato, Kiminori. "Prophylactic Endoscopic Laser Surgery for Severe Pollinosis." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 92, no. 8 (1999): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.92.851.

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44

Ishida, Minoru, Chihiro Hata, Tatuji Matsumoto, and Yoshio Sugiyama. "Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Using Nd: YAG-Laser." Nihon Bika Gakkai Kaishi (Japanese Journal of Rhinology) 31, no. 2 (1993): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7248/jjrhi1982.31.2_308.

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45

Renevier, Rupert, Brahim Tamadazte, Kanty Rabenorosoa, Laurent Tavernier, and Nicolas Andreff. "Endoscopic Laser Surgery: Design, Modeling, and Control." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 22, no. 1 (February 2017): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2016.2595625.

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46

IKEDA, Katsuhisa, Takeshi OSHIMA, Hideaki SUZUKI, Akira SHIMOMURA, Yukio KATORI, Koji HIRANO, Naoki INAMURA, and Tomonori TAKASAKA. "Holmium: YAG Laser in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery." Practica Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica 88, no. 11 (1995): 1427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5631/jibirin.88.1427.

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47

MCGUIRT, W. F. "Vocal Quality After Endoscopic Laser Surgery-Reply." Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 113, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1987.01860110104020.

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48

Anand, Vijay K., John Herbert, William F. Robbett, and Warren H. Zelman. "Safe anesthesia for endoscopic laryngeal laser surgery." Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 7, no. 3 (1987): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lsm.1900070312.

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49

Sakai, H., M. Taguchi, M. Tsuboi, T. Okunaka, M. Ishii, N. Kawate, C. Konaka, H. Kato, and Y. Hayata. "Endoscopic laser surgery for a bronchial tumor." Lung Cancer 7 (January 1991): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-5002(91)92018-e.

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50

Liang, Shanshan, Xinyu Li, Jiajing Kang, Jiebin Zou, Faya Liang, and Jun Zhang. "Integrated Multifunctional Laryngoscope for Medical Diagnosis and Treatment." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 25, 2020): 7491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217491.

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Laryngeal lesions can cause great inconvenience to patients. Early diagnosis and corresponding treatments are critical to the survival of patients. However, the diagnosis and precise removal of tumors remain a challenge under the use of a white light laryngoscope. In this work, an integrated, multifunctional laryngoscope was designed and tested for the imaging evaluation and precision laser surgery for laryngeal tissue. This integrated diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic system included two imaging modes (i.e., optical coherence tomography and white light endoscopy) and a laser ablation treatment mode. The endoscope had a common-path design to ensure that the same position could be imaged and treated simultaneously. The ex vivo porcine larynx experimental results showed that the system imaging modes could simultaneously acquire both superficial and cross-sectional images of the sample tissue, and the ablation treatment could be performed under imaging guidance. This multifunctional laryngoscope has great potential for the early diagnosis of and accurate laser ablation surgery for laryngeal tumors.

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