Книги з теми "Enabling structures"
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1
Joining of materials and structures: From pragmatic process to enabling technology. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.
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Enabling technologies for unified life-cycle engineering of structural components. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.
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Davidson, William Harley. A telecompetitiveness infostructure: Enabling a new future for Canada. [Toronto?: Mesa Research], 1994.
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New Frontiers In Chemical Biology Enabling Drug Discovery. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010.
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Messler, Robert W. Joining of Materials and Structures: From Pragmatic Process to Enabling Technology. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2004.
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Kroll, Lothar. Multifunctional Lightweight Structures: Resource Efficiency by MERGE of Key Enabling Technologies. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2022.
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Multiscale, Nonlinear, Modeling Framework Enabling the Design and Analysis of Composite Materials and Structures. Independently Published, 2019.
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Enabling Rapid and Robust Structural Analysis During Conceptual Design. Independently Published, 2019.
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Enabling Technologies for Unified Life-Cycle Engineering of Structural Components. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/1776.
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Heim, Ruediger. Structural Durability : Methods and Concepts: Enabling Cost and Mass Efficient Products. Springer, 2020.
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Heim, Ruediger. Structural Durability : Methods and Concepts: Enabling Cost and Mass Efficient Products. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.
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Adams, Peter J. Reflecting on the Inevitable. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190945008.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Death studies have, over the past twenty years, witnessed a flourishing of research and scholarship particularly in areas such as dying and bereavement, cultural practices and fear of dying. But, despite its importance, a specific focus on the nature of personal mortality has attracted surprisingly little attention. Reflecting on the Inevitable: Mortality at the Crossroads of Psychology, Philosophy, and Health breaks new ground by bringing together available ideas and research on the meaning of one’s own death. Its content is organized around the question of how an ongoing relationship might be possible when the threat of consciousness coming to an end points to an unthinkable and unspeakable nothingness. The book then argues that, despite this threat, an ongoing relationship with one’s own death is still possible by means of conceptual devices that help shape personal mortality into a relatable object. Four of these devices, or “enabling frames,” are examined: essential structures, passionate suffusion, point-of-transition, and self-generative process. While each frame conceptualizes mortality differently, they share a capacity to move it from unintelligibility to something we can think and speak about, thereby enabling us to maintain an ongoing engagement. The final chapters explore ways in which pursuing a relationship with our own deaths could become a normal and acceptable activity throughout our lives.
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Barrett, Chris. Milton’s Paradise Lost and the Atlas of Violence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198816874.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Like Faerie Queene and Poly-Olbion, Milton’s Paradise Lost interrogates the essential meaning-making structures of poetry, using the enabling, distortive logics of cartography to think the work of representation. This chapter considers the ways the map’s origin as product of the military arms race haunts Milton’s epic, and how the poem probes the map’s tendency to disrupt the figurative structures on which poetry relies. Space, consciously framed for discursive consideration, defies the poem’s dominant use of simile and analogy, and the disruptions posed by the landscapes in Paradise Lost destabilize the figurative language that should contain violence within the poem—but fail, at sites of represented terrain, to blunt the materialization of corporeal injury. The poem triangulates figurative language, violence, and the topographical representation, such that the representation of terrain often accompanies the transformation of figurative injury into material damage, a perversion of the poem’s penchant for turning metaphor into concretion.
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Butz, Martin V., and Esther F. Kutter. Cognitive Development and Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739692.003.0004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
When acknowledging that the mind is embodied, cognitive development and evolution must determine how the body and environment shape the mind. Evolution has evolved structures and computational mechanisms in the body, and the brain that predispose ontogenetic development. Starting with conception, brain, body, and mind co-develop, and shape each other. An infant first develops rudimentary bodily representation and control capabilities, and concurrently uses them to abstract from and generalize over the gathered sensorimotor experiences to develop conceptual understandings and language. Evolution, on the other hand, works on a different time scale. Evolutionary pressures towards survival-suitable cell and bodily structures have dominated much of evolutionary progression. Benefits due to social interactions and coordinated cooperation have led to the evolution of the human brain, enabling the development of human minds. Some details on genetics and on evolutionary computation shed further light on how evolution must have brought about human minds. Thereby, the evolution of suitable bodily structures, of brain modularizations, developmental pathways, adaptive behavioral capabilities, and predispositions for social interactions constitute critical components. Subsequent chapters focus on the computational mechanisms behind embodied cognitive development.
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O'Donnell, S. Jonathon. Passing Orders. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823289677.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Demonization has increasingly become central to the global religious and political landscape. Passing Orders interrogates this centrality through an analysis of evangelical “spiritual warfare” demonologies in contemporary America, which envision the world as built on a clash of divine and demonic forces in which humanity is enmeshed. Situating spiritual warfare in the context of American exceptionalism, ethnonationalism, and empire-management, it exposes the theological foundations that justify the dehumanizing practices of the current US political order—queer- and transphobia, Islamophobia, antiblackness, and settler colonialism. The book argues that demonologies are not merely tools of dehumanization but ontological and biopolitical systems that create and maintain structures of sovereign power, or orthotaxies: models of the “right ordering” of reality that create uneven geographies of space and stratify humanity into hierarchies of being and nonbeing. Demonologies constitute and consolidate these geographies and stratifications by enabling the framing of other orders as passing orders—as counterfeit, transgressive, and transient. But these orders are unwilling to pass on, instead giving structure to deviant desires that resist sovereign power. Demonstrating these structures of resistance in demonologies of three figures—the Jezebel spirit, the Islamic Antichrist, and Leviathan—Passing Orders explores how demons exceed their designated role as self-consolidating others to embody alternative possibilities that unsettle orthotaxic claims over territory, time, and truth. Ultimately, it reimagines demons as a surprising source of political and social resistance, reflecting fragile and fractious communities bound by mutual passing and precarity into strategic coalitions of solidarity, subversion, and survival.
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Callaghan, Helen. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815020.003.0006.
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The final chapter highlights the theoretical significance of the findings, reflects on their generalizability, and outlines supplementary explanations. By identifying systematic differences in the policy feedback processes triggered by market-enabling and market-restraining rules, the book bridges a gap between abstract theories of institutional change and more specific theories on the dynamics of capitalist development. Apart from self-reinforcing and self-undermining feedback effects, several other features of economic governance in advanced industrialized democracies also shape pathways to marketization. These features include eventfulness and periodicity, economic interdependence, multilevel governance, the influence of ideas on the content and intensity of public debates, and institutional structures that mediate interests and ideas, including electoral systems, legal systems, and the division of regulatory competences between levels of government as well as between elected and unelected rule-makers.
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Alexander, Mayer-Rieckh, and Duthie Roger. Part IV The Right to Reparation/Guarantees of Non-Recurrence, B Guarantees of Non-Recurrence of Violations, Principle 36 Reform of State Institutions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198743606.003.0040.
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Principle 36 deals with institutional reform in the aftermath of human rights violations. It contains measures that focus on state institutions responsible for violations and seek to identify the causes of the violations. The measures aim to reform structures and systems that allowed, facilitated, or promoted violations, and have the potential to act as an enabling condition for other transitional justice mechanisms by weakening or removing institutional sources of opposition. This chapter first provides a contextual and historical background on Principle 36 before discussing its theoretical framework and practice. It also examines the shift in emphasis from purges, to vetting, to broader institutional reform; the influence of historical context in Latin America and Eastern Europe in particular on the articulation of the measures; and the emphasis on the preventive function of the measures.
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Dekker, Erwin, and Pavel Kuchař, eds. Governing Markets as Knowledge Commons. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108692915.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Knowledge commons facilitate voluntary private interactions in markets and societies. These shared pools of knowledge consist of intellectual and legal infrastructures that both enable and constrain private initiatives. This volume brings together theoretical and empirical approaches that develop and apply the Governing Knowledge Commons framework to the evolution of various kinds of shared knowledge structures that underpin exchanges of goods, services, and ideas. Chapters offer vivid and illuminating case studies that illustrate this conceptual framework. How did pooling scientific knowledge enable the Industrial Revolution? How do social networks underpin the credit system enabling the Agra footwear market? How did the market category Scotch whisky emerge and who has access to it? What is the potential of blockchain-ledgers as shared knowledge repositories? This volume demonstrates the importance of shared knowledge in modern society.
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Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles, and Parker Sarah. Art.16 International Assistance. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter analyses Article 16 of the ATT, which addresses the possibility for states to request, offer, and receive international assistance. It lays out the general obligations of states parties, when they are in a position to do so, to provide assistance to states parties that have sought such assistance to implement the treaty. Measures that states need to take to implement the ATT are broad in scope. These include adoption of legislation, creation of administrative structures, and provision of appropriate resources, enabling them to ensure control over international arms transfers, exchange relevant information with partner states, and address measures to prevent diversion. The article delineates three broad forms of assistance: legal or legislative assistance; institutional capacity-building; and technical, material, or financial assistance. The subjects of assistance include stockpile management; disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programmes; model legislation; and effective practices for implementation.
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Sergi, Viviane, Mariline Comeau-Vallée, Maria Lusiani, Jean-Louis Denis, and Ann Langley. Plural Leadership in Health Care Organizations. Edited by Ewan Ferlie, Kathleen Montgomery, and Anne Reff Pedersen. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198705109.013.14.
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Because of their complex structures and cultures characterized by interaction among multiple professional and occupational groups with diverse sources of authority, expertise and legitimacy, health care organizations are prime sites for forms of collective or plural leadership. In this chapter, we describe and provide empirical examples of four different forms of plural leadership occurring in and around health care organizations. The presentation of the various forms and their empirical illustrations reveals that different situations may call for different forms and modalities of plural leadership both inside and across these organizations. However, a common theme underlying all the examples and forms is the paradoxical importance of individual agency in enabling the construction of effective forms of plurality. We conclude by discussing some of the challenges associated with these forms of plural leadership and by identifying areas for future study of their role and effectiveness in health care settings.
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Revell, Louise. Urban Monumentality in Roman Britain. Edited by Martin Millett, Louise Revell, and Alison Moore. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697731.013.043.
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This chapter investigates the character of the chartered towns in Roman Britain, their mature form in the late second/early third centuries, and the social use of urban space. It explores the activities fostered by the buildings within towns. The forum and the town are shown to be the centre of political organization, enabling the new system of elite magistracies. The religious structures of the towns allowed for varied forms of ritual experience engendered by the relationships between temple and urban layout. The buildings for leisure activities—theatres, amphitheatres, and baths—also formed an essential part of the urban existence. The final group of buildings to be considered are those for living and working in; these were an early part of urban construction and illustrate the continued investment throughout the Roman period. The chapter concludes by considering the nature of variability between the urban centres of the province.
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Marek, Jan, and Folkert Meijboom. Echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0173.
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Echocardiographic techniques have revolutionized the practice of congenital cardiology over the last three decades. Due to its non-invasive nature and high temporal resolution, echocardiography enables cardiac structures to be imaged as early as the 14th gestational week and it remains the superior diagnostic modality in small children. While transoesophageal (TOE) two-dimensional echocardiography has become an integral part of almost all cardiac interventions, real-time three-dimensional TOE used in older children and adults may help surgeons to understand dynamic spatial relationships of intracardiac structures, enabling them to achieve the best result of an operation. Post bypass, two- and three-dimensional TOE studies significantly reduce the number of reoperations, unnecessary bypass procedures, and general anaesthetics. A developing technique known as tissue deformation imaging enables the assessment of global and regional myocardial systolic and diastolic function even in small hearts. Although mainly used for research, in some specific situations these techniques may modify further diagnostic management, optimize medication, or even change clinical management. Despite its known limitations, echocardiography remains a routine imaging modality for all patients with congenital heart disease, being a definitive imaging modality prior to intervention for many children and screening imaging for older children and adults with congenital heart disease.
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Barnett, Jonathan M. Innovators, Firms, and Markets. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190908591.001.0001.
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This book presents a theoretical, historical, and empirical account of the relationship between intellectual property (IP) rights, organizational type, and market structure. Patents expand transactional choice by enabling smaller research-and-development (R&D)-intensive firms to compete against larger firms that wield difficult-to-replicate financing, production, and distribution capacities. In particular, patents enable upstream firms that specialize in innovation to exchange informational assets with downstream firms that specialize in commercialization, lowering capital and technical requirements that might otherwise impede entry. These theoretical expectations track a novel organizational history of the U.S. patent system during 1890–2006. Periods of strong patent protection tend to support innovation ecosystems in which smaller innovators can monetize R&D through financing, licensing, and other relationships with funding and commercialization partners. Periods of weak patent protection tend to support innovation ecosystems in which innovation and commercialization mostly take place within the end-to-end structures of large integrated firms. The proposed link between IP rights and organizational type tracks evidence on historical and contemporary patterns in IP lobbying and advocacy activities. In general, larger and more integrated firms (outside pharmaceuticals) tend to advocate for weaker patents, while smaller and less integrated firms (and venture capitalists who back those firms) tend to advocate for stronger patents. Contrary to conventional assumptions, the economics, history, and politics of the U.S. patent system suggest that weak IP rights often shelter large incumbents from the entry threat posed by smaller R&D-specialist entities.
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von Bernstorff, Jochen, and Philipp Dann, eds. The Battle for International Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198849636.001.0001.
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The so-called ‘decolonization era’ witnessed a fundamental challenge to (legalized) Western hegemony through a new vision of the institutional environment and political economy of the world. It is during this era, arguably couched between classic European imperialism and a new form of US-led Western hegemony, that fundamental legal debates took place over a new international legal order for a decolonized world. These debates consist in essence of a battle that was fought by diplomats, lawyers and scholars over, in particular, the premises and principles of international law. In a moment of relative weakness of European powers, ‘newly independent states’ and international lawyers from the South fundamentally challenged traditional Western perceptions of international legal structures engaging in fundamental controversies over a new international law. This book argues that international legal structures in many areas of international relations, including international economic law, the use of force, international humanitarian, the law of the sea, and human rights have been transformed during this era. The effect of this transition, however, was enabling the change from classic European imperialism to new forms of US-led Western hegemony. It draws on Koselleck’s Sattelzeit concept—bridging two different forms of global Western dominance—in which fundamental concepts of international law were re-imagined, politicized, and transformed. All aspects of this battle are of vital importance for any future project aiming to address and alter the relationship between international law and fundamental inequalities in this world.
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Allen, Glenn Seven. The Singer Acts, The Actor Sings. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350043091.
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The Singer Acts, The Actor Sings is a practical workbook for singers and actors in all disciplines, from musical theater through classical repertory to popular performance styles. The book addresses the needs of students and professionals alike, helping them face the challenges of musical performance undaunted and achieve the exhilarating feeling of living through song. Structured in three sections, this workbook first examines song structure, pitch, and style of accompaniment, enabling performers to live moment to moment within a piece of music. The subsequent sections provide clear explanations about what singing as a character really entails and how it works physiologically and artistically before taking the performer through the process of leaving preparation behind and getting down to the business of storytelling. Including online video exercises and demonstrations, The Singer Acts, The Actor Sings is an essential resource for all actors and singers. It will instill in them the competence and confidence to communicate through musical language and tell powerful stories through song.
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Ackerman, Edwin F. Origins of the Mass Party. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197576502.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book argues that the mass party emerged as the product of two distinct but related “primitive accumulations”—the dismantling of communal land tenure and the corresponding dispossession of the means of local administration. It illustrates this argument by studying the party central to one of the longest regimes of the 20th century—the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) in Mexico, which emerged as a mass party during the 1930s and 1940s. I place the PRI in comparative perspective, studying the failed emergence of Bolivia’s Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) (1952–64), attempted under similar conditions as the Mexican case. Why was party emergence successful in one case but not the other? The PRI emerged as a mass party in areas in Mexico where land privatization was more intensive and communal village government was weakened, enabling the party’s construction and subsequent absorption of peasant unions and organizations. Ultimately, the overall strength of communal property-holding and concomitant traditional political authority structures blocked the emergence of the MNR as a mass party. Where economic and political expropriation was more pronounced, there was a critical mass of individuals available for political organization, with articulatable interests, and a burgeoning cast of professional politicians that facilitated connections between the party and the peasantry.
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Beyerlein, Michael, Soo Jeoung Han, and Ambika Prasad. A Multilevel Model of Collaboration and Creativity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190222093.003.0008.
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This chapter provides a framework for making sense of multilevel collaboration for enabling creative knowledge work. The work environment can be deliberately designed, but it must allow for emergent properties as the flow of information creates changes in the team members, the process, the structure, and the outcomes. The interrelationships that provide the channels for the flow represent a complex system subject to both enhancing and constraining influences from multiple sources. We examine network structure, learning, and complexity as key facets of that complex system that generate intangible forms of capital that fuel the creative work.
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Sherwood, Dennis, and Paul Dalby. Mathematical round up. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter draws together all the main mathematical equations into a single, structured, sequence, so providing a source of reference, as well as enabling the student to appreciate how superficially different equations are, in fact, component parts of a ‘bigger picture’. The chapter also introduces some new material, such as the Maxwell relations, the chain rule, the thermodynamic equations-of-state, isenthalpic throttling processes, the Joule-Thomson coefficient and the compressibility factor – so setting the scene for the discussion of real systems in the following chapter.
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Kawall, Jason, ed. The Virtues of Sustainability. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190919818.001.0001.
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With a growing recognition of the potentially catastrophic impacts of human actions on current and future generations, people around the world are urgently seeking new, sustainable ways of life for themselves and their communities. What do these calls for a sustainable future mean for our current values and ways of life, and what kind of people will we need to become? Approaches to ethical living that emphasize good character and virtue are recently resurgent, and they are especially well-suited to addressing the challenges we face in pursuing sustainability. From rethinking excessive consumption, to appropriately respecting nature, to being resilient in the face of environmental injustice, our characters will be frequently tested. The virtues of sustainability—character traits enabling us to lead sustainable, flourishing lives—will be critical to our success. This volume, divided into three parts, brings together newly commissioned essays by leading scholars from multiple disciplines—from philosophy and political science, to religious studies and psychology. The essays in the first part focus on key factors and structures that support the cultivation of the virtues of sustainability, while those in the second focus in particular on virtues embraced by various non-Western communities and cultures, and the worldviews that underlie them. Finally, the essays in the third part address further particular virtues of sustainability, including cooperativeness, patience, conscientiousness, and creativity and open-mindedness. Together, these essays provide readers with a rich understanding of the importance and diversity of the virtues of sustainability.
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LaBelle, Brandon. Lexicon of the Mouth. Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501382802.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lexicon of the Mouth surveys the oral cavity as the central channel by which self and surrounding are brought into relation. Questions of embodiment and agency, attachment and loss, incorporation and hunger, locution and the non-sensical are critically examined. In doing so, LaBelle emphasizes the mouth as a vital conduit for negotiating "the foundational narrative of proper speech." Lexicon of the Mouth aims for a viscous, poetic and resonant discourse of subjectivity, detailed through the "micro-oralities" of laughing and whispering, stuttering and reciting, eating and kissing, among others. The oral cavity is posed as an impressionable arena, susceptible to all types of material input, contamination and intervention, while also enabling powerful forms of resistance, attachment and conversation, as well as radical imagination. Lexicon of the Mouth argues for the revolutionary promise of the laugh, the spirited mythologies of the whisper, the schizophonics of self-talk, and the primal noise of gibberish, suggesting that the significance of voicing is fundamentally bound to the exertions of the mouth. Subsequently, assumptions around voice and vocality are unsettled in favor of an epistemology of the oral, highlighting the acts of the tongue, the lips and the throat as primary mediations between interior and exterior, social structures and embodied expressions. LaBelle makes a significant contribution to currents in sound and voice studies by reminding that to hear the voice, and to consider a politics of speech, is first and foremost to assume the mouth.
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Lam, W. Hiu, and J. Robert Sneyd. Teaching in anaesthesia. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0037.
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Anaesthesia education is uniquely placed to allow safe and supervised workplace teaching and training delivered in a personalized, contextual one-to-one basis. Trainers and trainees need to manage their expectations in training, enabling flexible and opportunistic capturing of these learning episodes, as well as structured learning. Structured planning of individualized training is imperative to facilitate learning in trainees with different learning styles. Role modelling of trainers in the workplace is an essential component of both clinical and professional teaching. Critical reflection and high-quality trainee feedback enhances this experiential learning. A robust framework of education governance is fundamental in maintaining a high standard of training; this includes trainer accreditation, recognizing the importance of trainer development, and an appropriate infrastructure to support training and education in the clinical workplace.
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Werker, Eric, and Kunal Sen. Deals and development in fragile and conflict-affected states: Framework and policy guidebook. UNU-WIDER, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2021/023-8.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This framework utilizes business interests and the distribution of political power to understand the episodic nature of economic growth in fragile and conflict-affected states. Conflict, state capacity, and legitimacy are analysed alongside the business environment and structural transformation to explain when growth episodes arise and when those growth episodes have positive, or negative, feedback on the country’s political economy and state fragility. The guidebook is designed to help advisers working with development agencies to analyse country context and design interventions with the goal of enabling positive growth episodes that reduce fragility.
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Butz, Martin V., and Esther F. Kutter. Decision Making, Control, and Concept Formation. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739692.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While attention controls the internal, mental focus of attention, motor control directs the bodily control focus. Our nervous system is structured in a cascade of interactive control loops, where the primary self-stabilizing control loops can be found directly in the body’s morphology and the muscles themselves. The hierarchical structure enables flexible and selective motor control and the invocation of motor primitives and motor complexes. The learning of motor primitives and complexes again adheres to certain computational systematicities. Redundant behavioral alternatives are encoded in an abstract manner, enabling fast habitual decision making and slower, more elaborated planning processes for realizing context-dependent behavior adaptations. On a higher level, behavior can be segmented into events, during which a particular behavior unfolds, and event boundaries, which characterize the beginning or the end of a behavior. Combinations of events and event boundaries yield event schemata. Hierarchical combinations of event schemata on shorter and longer time scales yield event taxonomies. When developing event boundary detectors, our mind begins to develop environmental conceptualizations. Evidence is available that suggests that such event-oriented conceptualizations are inherently semantic and closely related to linguistic, generative models. Thus, by optimizing behavioral versatility and developing progressively more abstract codes of environmental interactions and manipulations, cognitive encodings develop, which are supporting symbol grounding and grammatical language development.
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Jones, Janine. To Be Black, Excess, and Nonrecyclable. Edited by Naomi Zack. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190236953.013.1.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
One way of understanding the white man’s burden is as a waste management problem. The White West abjected Africans and people of African descent, thereby enacting and enabling their perception and treatment as a form of waste. The value of black waste to white Western economies is discernable in the metaphysics of a white imaginary of black abjection. It is necessary to elucidate that metaphysics, which reveals the structure of a humanist discourse that imagines black bodies as alienated from language, and the degradation entailed by such alienation. For example, when Africana people today chant “Black lives matter,” they do so against the historical perception and treatment of black people as waste.
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Kujawa-Holbrook, Sheryl A. Sacred Spaces and Interreligious Learning. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677565.003.0017.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The major religious traditions of the world—Buddhist, Taoist, Jewish, Christian, Muslim, to name but a few—all stress the need for human beings to create sacred spaces where they can thrive. This chapter utilizes the idea of sacred spaces as a means for teaching interreligious studies, and as a pedagogical tool for enabling interreligious learning. Human beings are persistently inclined to ground their religious and spiritual experience in sacred spaces. This commonality arises from the important role sacred spaces play in human attempts to structure and understand religious (spiritual) experience. The chapter also explores the relationship between “third space” thinking and interreligious spaces. How might a new spatial language of interreligious learning help communities engage the complexities of religious pluralism?
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Rhodes, R. A. W. What is New About the ‘Interpretive Turn’ and Why Does it Matter? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786115.003.0012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This chapter summarizes what is new or edifying about the interpretive turn, and why this approach matters. It restates the case for drawing on the genres of thought and presentation common in the humanities, making the bold, contentious claim that the interpretive approach encourages creativity because puzzle-solving encourages imagination, even intuition, and a search for new connections. It replies to some of the more common criticisms of the interpretive approach, revisiting the claims that the author caricatures the political science discipline in Britain; accords too much importance to agency and not enough to structure; ignores the dominant political tradition in Britain; and omits institutions. Finally, it looks at the future of interpretivism in political science, focusing on the aesthetics of political science; and the importance of a tradition of scholarship free from the demands of relevance and impact. It argues that empathy, enabling conversations and edification, are equally worthy goals.
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Newman, Edward, and Eamon Aloyo. Overcoming the Paradox of Conflict Prevention. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805373.003.0003.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Progress in conflict prevention depends upon a better understanding of the underlying circumstances that give rise to violent conflict and mass atrocities, and of the warning signs that a crisis is imminent. While a substantial amount of empirical research on the driving forces of conflict exists, its policy implications must be exploited more effectively, so that the enabling conditions for violence can be addressed before it occurs. Violence prevention involves a range of social, economic, and political factors; the chapter highlights challenges—many of them international—relating to deprivation, inequality, governance, and environmental management. Prevention also requires overcoming a number of acute political obstacles embedded within the values and institutions of global governance. The chapter concludes with a range of proposals for structural conflict prevention and crisis response, as well as the prevention of mass atrocities.
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Gerard, Kelly. ASEAN, Anti-Politics, and Human Rights. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748977.003.0006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Through the lens of the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR), this chapter considers the political impacts of ASEAN’s recent reform. Prevailing explanations of why and how ASEAN has come to govern human rights frame this as a process of normative change. This chapter departs from these accounts by examining the structural context in which political processes have been reformed, considering how human rights governance has been rescaled and restructured, the drivers of this process, and whose interests these reforms advance. The chapter highlights the AICHR’s depoliticizing impacts at the level of the polity and at the level of politics, where ASEAN’s elites have been empowered as opposed to rights advocates. The chapter argues that the AICHR gives the appearance of expanding rights protections, while enabling elites to manage conflicts over human rights abuses according to their preferences.
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Stevenson, Randall. Reading the Times. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474401555.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
From the Prime Meridian Conference of 1884 to the celebration of the millennium in 2000; from the fiction of Joseph Conrad and Virginia Woolf to the novels of William Gibson and W.G. Sebald, Reading the Times offers fresh insight into modern narrative. It shows how profoundly the structure and themes of the novel depend on attitudes to the clock and to the sense of history’s progress, tracing their origins in technologic, economic and social change. It offers a new and powerful way of understanding the relations of history with narrative form, outlining their development and demonstrating – through incisive analyses of a very wide range of texts from late C19th to early C21st – their key role in shaping fictional narrative throughout this period. The result is a highly innovative literary history of the twentieth-century fiction, based on an inventive, enabling method of understanding literature in relation to history – in terms, in every sense, of its reading of its times.
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Caballero, Catherine, Fiona Creed, Clare Gochmanski, and Jane Lovegrove, eds. Nursing OSCEs. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199693580.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In order to succeed in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), nursing students need to know not just what an OSCE involves, but how to undertake the skill correctly at each OSCE station. This book is a complete guide on how to prepare for an OSCE with step-by-step instructions for the ten most common OSCE stations that nursing students can face. Specific stations range from asceptic non-touch technique, communication and observations, to more highly pressured skills such as medication administration, resuscitation and assessing a deteriorating patient. Nursing OSCEs: a complete guide to exam success covers these skills and more in a clearly structured and concise way. Each OSCE chapter outlines: DT Key revision material enabling quick and complete revision DT Step by step instructions on how to perform the skill in an OSCE, DT An example examiners marking sheet, so studetns know the criteria they will be measured against DT Typical questions an examiner may ask and suggested answers DT Common errors to avoid and top tips for success. With over 70 illustrations and videos of four OSCE stations, it demonstrates how to pass key stations. Bonus online material includes colour photographs and Powerpoints for revision at www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/orc/cabellero/ (http://www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/orc/cabellero/) This book is ideal for nursing students preparing for OSCE as well as for lecturers, mentors and practising nurses involved in student education.
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Parrington, John. Mind Shift. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801634.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book draws on the latest research on the human brain to show how it differs strikingly from those of other animals in its structure and function at molecular and cellular level. It argues that this ‘shift’, enlarging the brain, giving it greater flexibility and enabling higher functions such as imagination, was driven by tool use, but especially by the development of one remarkable tool—language. The complex social interaction brought by language opened up the possibility of shared conceptual worlds, enriched with rhythmic sounds and images that could be drawn on cave walls. This transformation enabled modern humans to generate an exceptional human consciousness, a sense of self that arises as a product of our brain biology and the social interactions we experience. Linking early work by the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky to the findings of modern neuroscience, the book also explores how language, culture, and society mediate brain function, and what this view of the human mind may bring to our understanding and treatment of mental illness.
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Jørgensen, Knud Erik. What is International Relations? Policy Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529210965.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book demonstrates that the global community of International Relations scholars during the last 100 years have managed to create a mature and accomplished discipline. The book argues that it should be recognised as such. Seven key concepts structure the book, each concept enabling a critical examination of an important dimension of the discipline that goes beyond conventional categories and delimitations. The essay argues that rather than continue to be stuck in more of the same, it is time to move on and, in this regard, the book offers some tentative suggestions about the way forward. Concerning the discipline’s subject matter the argument is that further debates about widening vs. narrowing are unlikely to generate advances. Instead, we should focus on the guiding research questions and the tentative answer they generate. Likewise, instead of defining the discipline as a social science (for better or worse), we should acknowledge the facts that suggest the discipline has always been straddling the social sciences and the humanities and thus been a human science. The book pays serious attention to variations, not least in terms of the functions theories have across time (history) and space. It also aims at escaping the Zeitgeistian conception of diversity. Instead of regarding the discipline as an abstract discursive structure, we should acknowledge that is was created and reproduced by a community of scholars, increasingly within professional institutions. Finally, rather than go for a bland, unspecified ‘global’ or ‘international’ discipline, we should examine fruitful interactions between ‘local’ and ‘global’.
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Wagner, Ines. Workers without Borders. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501729157.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This book addresses the complexities of transnational posted work through three key topics. First, it examines how the de-territorialization of national models and employment relations systems opens up exit options for management, enabling them to use the regulatory framework creatively and at a disadvantage for workers. Second, it discusses how re-territorialization, or resistance, is possible within these spaces. Third, the book analyzes the contours of the new structure for employment relations that emerges within the pan-European labor market and its implications for worker voice, regulatory enforcement, and management power. The research presented in this book is based on a qualitative and multilevel case study approach. It examines how posted workers and actors involved in the posting relationship actually utilize and experience the European posting framework by focusing on the experiences of transnational posted workers. This distinguishes the book from macro- and national-focused approaches in comparative political economy and industrial relations by zooming in on the workplace dynamics in a transnational setting. The window to how posted workers experience intra-EU mobility is Germany and the two sectors where posting is most prevalent: the construction and meat slaughtering industries.
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Zamir, Tzachi, ed. Shakespeare's Hamlet. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698515.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Hamlet has long been recognized as concerned with fundamental philosophical issues about identity, responsibility, intimacy, mourning, and agency. How is the play’s address to these issues structured by its distinctively powerful literary-dramatic form and language? What might philosophy have to learn from its mode of address? Is such learning affected by Hamlet being not merely literature, but literature designed to be embodied and voiced on a stage? And what light, in turn, might attention to philosophical themes cast on the play’s development and interest, in other words, does literary criticism gain or lose when tempted to employ literary works as gateways enabling abstract reflection? This book brings together a team of leading literary scholars and philosophers who were invited to probe philosophical dimensions of Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Authors diverge in what they focus on: what is shown by Hamlet’s words, what is shown by Hamlet (despite his words), what is shown by Hamlet, what is shown by Hamlet’s interpreters. “Philosophy in literature” does not, accordingly, possess a consistent meaning throughout this volume. Some essays inquire into Hamlet’s own insights. Others assess the significance of philosophy’s literary-dramatic framing by this play. Still others trace the philosophically relevant underpinnings exposed by historical transformations in Hamlet’s reception. Subjectivity, knowledge, sex, grief, self-theatricalization—these are but some of the topics examined in overlapping ways in the emerging symposium.
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McNay, Lois. The Gender of Critical Theory. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198857747.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Frankfurt School Critical Theory describes itself as an unmasking critique of power, but it has surprisingly little to say about major structural oppressions, including gender. In diagnosing what is wrong with the world, it claims to be guided by the experiences of oppressed groups. Yet, in practice, it pays little heed to these experiences. This book shows how these oversights and tensions stem from the preoccupation with normative foundations that has dominated Frankfurt School theory since Habermas and has given rise to a mode of paradigm-led inquiry that undermines an effective critique of oppression. The assumption of paradigm-led inquiry that too strong a focus on lived experience has parochializing effects on theory stands in tension with the idea that emancipatory critique ought to be primarily concerned with exposing the situation of oppressed groups. This book offers a reconfigured account of context transcendence as the critical insight afforded not by a monist interpretative paradigm but by reasoning dialogically across experiential and theoretical perspectives. By bringing feminist work on gender to bear on Frankfurt School critical theory, it argues that, far from stymying emancipatory critique, attentiveness to the experiences of oppressed groups is one of its enabling conditions. Combining feminist ideas with inherent but underutilized resources in the Frankfurt School tradition, this book proposes the idea of critique as theorizing from experience.
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Sutton, Adrian P. Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860785.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Mechanical properties of crystalline materials are almost always dominated by the defects within them. The ability to shape metals into pipes, girders and furniture stems from the generation, motion and interaction of these defects. Defects are also the agents of chemical changes within crystals, enabling mass transport by atomic diffusion and changes of phase. Defects distort the crystal and these distortions enable defects to interact over large distances. The theory of elasticity is used to describe these interactions. Assuming no familiarity with the theory, this book introduces the reader to linear elasticity and its application to point defects, dislocations and cracks. A unique feature of the book is the attention given to the atomic structure of defects and its influence on their properties and their elastic fields. Where it is available brief biographical information is provided about prominent contributors to the field. This textbook is written for postgraduate students in physics, engineering and materials science. It is very likely that even those students with some knowledge of elasticity and defects will find much that is new to them in this book.There are exercises to help the student check their understanding as they work through each chapter. The student is guided through more advanced problems at the end of each chapter. Worked solutions to all exercises and problems are available to course instructors from the OUP website. The last chapter describes four technologically important areas requiring fundamental research, with suggestions for possible PhD projects.
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Roos, Jerome. Why Not Default? Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691180106.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The European debt crisis has rekindled long-standing debates about the power of finance and the fraught relationship between capitalism and democracy in a globalized world. This book unravels a striking puzzle at the heart of these debates—why, despite frequent crises and the immense costs of repayment, do so many heavily indebted countries continue to service their international debts? The book provides a sweeping investigation of the political economy of sovereign debt and international crisis management. It takes readers from the rise of public borrowing in the Italian city-states to the gunboat diplomacy of the imperialist era and the wave of sovereign defaults during the Great Depression. The book vividly describes the debt crises of developing countries in the 1980s and 1990s, and sheds new light on the recent turmoil inside the Eurozone—including the dramatic capitulation of Greece's short-lived anti-austerity government to its European creditors in 2015. Drawing on in-depth case studies of contemporary debt crises in Mexico, Argentina, and Greece, the book paints a disconcerting picture of the ascendancy of global finance. It shows how the profound transformation of the capitalist world economy over the past four decades has endowed private and official creditors with unprecedented structural power over heavily indebted borrowers, enabling them to impose painful austerity measures and enforce uninterrupted debt service during times of crisis—with devastating social consequences and far-reaching implications for democracy.
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Beckert, Jens, and Richard Bronk, eds. Uncertain Futures. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820802.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Uncertain Futures considers how economic actors visualize the future and decide how to act in conditions of radical uncertainty. It starts from the premise that since dynamic capitalist economies are characterized by relentless innovation and novelty, they exhibit an indeterminacy that cannot be reduced to measurable risk. The organizing question then becomes how economic actors form expectations and make decisions despite the uncertainty they face. The current microfoundations of standard economics cannot handle genuinely uncertain futures. Instead, uncertainty requires an entirely new model of economic reasoning. This edited volume helps lay foundations for this new model by showing how economic actors in practice form expectations in conditions of uncertainty. It draws on groundbreaking research in economic sociology, economics, anthropology, and psychology to present theoretically grounded empirical case studies that demonstrate the role of imaginaries, narratives, and calculative technologies—and their various combinations—in enabling economic actors to form expectations and cope with uncertain futures. The book examines risk management techniques, finance models, and discounted cash-flow models as well as methods of envisaging the future that overtly combine calculation with narrative structure and imaginaries. These include central bank forward guidance, economic forecasts, business plans, visions of technological futures, and new era stories. Considerable attention is given to how these fictional expectations influence actors’ behaviour, coordinate action, and provide the confidence to act, and how they become instruments of power in markets and societies. The market impact of shared calculative devices, social narratives, and contingent imaginaries underlines the rationale for a new form of narrative economics.
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Hardy, Duncan. Associative Political Culture in the Holy Roman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827252.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
What was the Holy Roman Empire in the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries? At the turning point between the medieval and early modern periods, this vast central European polity was the continent’s most politically fragmented. The imperial monarchs were often weak and distant, while an array of regional actors played autonomous political roles. The Empire’s obvious differences from more centralized European kingdoms have stimulated negative judgements and fraught debates, expressed in the historiographical concepts of fractured ‘territorial states’ and a disjointed ‘imperial constitution’. This book challenges these interpretations through a wide-ranging case study of Upper Germany between 1346 and 1521. By examining the interactions of princes, prelates, nobles, and towns comparatively, it demonstrates that a range of actors and authorities shared the same toolkit of rituals, judicial systems, and configurations of government. Crucially, Upper German elites all participated in leagues, alliances, and other treaty-based associations. As frameworks for collective activity, associations were a vital means of enabling and regulating warfare, justice and arbitration, and even lordship and administration. The prevalence of associations encouraged a mentality of ‘horizontal’ membership of political communities, so that even the Empire itself came to be understood and articulated as an extensive and multi-layered association. On the basis of this evidence, the book offers a new and more coherent vision of the Holy Roman Empire as a sprawling community of interdependent elites who interacted within the framework of a shared ‘associative political culture’, which constituted an alternative structure and pathway of political development in pre-modern Europe.
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Zamponi, Raoul, and Bernard Comrie. A Grammar of Akabea. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198855798.001.0001.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This grammar of Akabea is the first published descriptive grammar of a traditional language of the Great Andamanese family and the first grammar of a traditional Great Andamanese language written to current linguistic standards. Akabea died out in the 1920s, but was extensively documented in the late nineteenth century by two British administrators, Edward Horace Man and Maurice Vidal Portman. Although neither was a trained linguist, their material nonetheless provides a sufficient basis for a reliable analysis of Akabea grammar, especially its morphology and phrasal and clausal syntax, although there are inevitable limitations on our understanding of Akabea phonology, clause combining, and discourse structure. The published grammar is accompanied by an online appendix providing a diplomatic edition with commentary and analysis of the single most valuable resource for Akabea grammatical analysis, Portman’s Dialogues. For the first time, linguists will have access to an extensive and reliable grammatical description of a traditional Great Andamanese language, thus enabling Akabea to take its rightful place as an object of scientific study among the languages of the world. This is all the more important in that the language exhibits a number of cross-linguistically rare phenomena, such as a rich system of somatic (body-part) prefixes and the phenomenon of Verb Root Ellipsis, whereby under certain circumstances the root of a verb may be absent, leaving behind a grammatical word consisting solely of affixes. The work will also contribute to a deeper interdisciplinary understanding of the history and prehistory of the indigenous inhabitants of the Andaman Islands.