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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Émissivités"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Émissivités"
BECKER, F., F. NERRY, P. RAMANANTSIZEHENA, and M. PH STOLL. "Mesures d' émissivité angulaire par reflexion dans I'infrarouge thermique—implications pour la télédétection." International Journal of Remote Sensing 7, no. 12 (December 1986): 1751–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431168608948965.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Émissivités"
Mezrhab, Ahmed. "Contribution à l'étude numérique et expérimentale des échanges radiatifs : méthode de l'hémisphère réfléchissant pour la mesure des émissivités et températures de surfaces ; logiciel de calcul des facteurs de forme et bilans radiatifs." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11322.
Повний текст джерелаLesage, Sébastian. "Correction atmosphérique d'images hyperspectrales infrarouges et découplage émissivité-température de surface." Toulouse, ISAE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ESAE0005.
Повний текст джерелаBouvry, Benjamin. "Développement de matériaux réfractaires à haute émissivité pour superstructure de fours verriers." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2002.
Повний текст джерелаEvolution of global economy and green policy leads companies, like Saint-Gobain, to develop new productsto reduce the cost of their glass making systems and greenhouse gas emissions from glass furnaces. It isnecessary to improve thermal insulation of furnaces by increasing emittance property of refractory materialslike Jargal M and BP mullite. A way to improve radiative properties is the functionalization of materials toreach high levels of emissivity at working temperature and to keep refracterity of base materials.Improvement of optical properties of materials was made by adding emissive elements like transition oxides,known to induce high emissivity property in the transparent region of dielectric material. Several dopingtechnics were tested, for example mass doping or elements diffusion, to propose efficient and usefulsolutions for industries. Optical characterization was performed with an infrared spectrometry devicedeveloped in the CEMHTI laboratory, allowing measurement at high temperature thanks to CO2 laserheating. Microsonde and scanning electron microscopy observations were also done to correlateimprovement of radiative behavior with texture, phases and localization of doping elements into materials. Asimulation step has also been developed to complete experimental measurements and to show texture andvolume influences on radiative properties. This numerical procedure mixed image treatment from μ-tomography X analysis, generation of numerical samples with controlled texture and their characterization bynumerical simulation using geometrical optic laws and rays tracing procedure
Sediri, Amal. "Etude de revêtements à forte émissivité pour application au traitement thermique par infrarouge." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR4005/document.
Повний текст джерелаRare earth nickelate oxides Ln2NiO4+δ (Ln = La, Pr, and Nd) have attracted considerable interest for both theoretical and experimental studies especially due to their pseudo-high black body behavior. Advanced industry takes a particular interest in applications based on infrared radiation heater, which tend to replace the classical heating convection. Thermal radiative properties of materials are intimately related to their intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics. Intrinsic properties concern chemical composition, thickness layer and complex refractive index, while extrinsic properties refer to the texture (roughness, porosity, grain and pore sizes and grain boundaries) and the presence of impurities. Pr2NiO4+δ coatings have been obtained on both polycrystalline and monocrystalline substrates by combining RF magnetron co-sputtering with an appropriate heat treatment at 1100◦C. X-ray diffraction spectroscopy analysis revealed a biphasic Pr2NiO4+δ compound, with an oxygen over-stoichiometry. The surface analysis was probed by SEM, AFM and profilometry, and showed a rough and porous granular aspect for all the deposited layers. Thermal radiative properties were studied by infrared optical spectroscopy. The normal spectral emissivity from 300 K up to 1400 K confirmed the high emissive properties of the Pr2NiO4+δ coatings, even for thicknesses down to 1,5 μm. A total normal emissivity of 0,87 in the mid-infrared range is obtained for the 2,8 μm coating thickness
Coulson, MiKe. "Conductivité, diffusivité, émissivité thermiques de composites poly (EtherKetoneKetone) - charges carbonées : fibres continues et particules." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30215.
Повний текст джерела: The aim of this research is the improvement of the laser depositing fiber placement process, applied to Poly (EtherKetoneKetone) / continuous carbon fiber composites. The optimization of deposit parameters implies the investigation of the stability of the matrix and of the thermal behavior of composites. Thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and optical emissivity, are the key parameters for understanding the behavior of volume and surface conduction of composites. PEKK / carbon particle composites have been processed to study the effect of carbon morphology on thermal parameters. The emissivity of the PEKK / continuous fiber composites was measured by comparing the radiation emitted by the material with the one emitted by a black body at the same temperature. Thermal conductivity and diffusivity, which are intrinsic parameters of the composite, increase with the rate of charge and the temperature. These two parameters have been studied as a function of temperature, in the case of PEEK / continuous fibers composites and PEKK / carbon particles composites for various charge rates
Barka, Lucile. "Etude de la survivabilité des débris spatiaux en phase de rentrée atmosphérique (oxydation et émissivité)." Thesis, Perpignan, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PERP0042/document.
Повний текст джерелаTo better assess the survivability of space debris when they fall at ground (final mass and casualty area), the DEBRISK tool from CNES needs to feed its material database with properties at high temperatures (oxidation and emissivity mainly). Thus, this thesis was conducted at the PROMES-CNRS laboratory on the experimental study of oxidation in atmospheric re-entry conditions (air plasma, high temperature and low pressure) for four metallic alloys which are the most difficult to destroy (Invar 36, TA6V, 316L and 304L).The total directional emissivity was measured at high temperature for all the materials and the totalhemispherical emissivity calculated, on non-oxidized samples, in high vacuum, but also, on pre-oxidized samples under air plasma and on in situ oxidized ones in standard air. The experimental results have shown for all the materials that the oxidation at high temperature under air plasma was not significant, due to the obtaining of small mass gains or losses (depending of the alloy) compared to the initial masses. However, oxidation creates a huge modification of the surface – composition and morphology – that leads to a significant increase of the total emissivity of oxidized materials compared to the one of virgin samples by a factor 3 or even 4 (depending on the alloy) that can strongly delay the melting process during a trajectory andconsequently the calculation of the final mass and the casualty area. Moreover, it was observed that the emissivity of oxides formed under air plasma was generally 10% higher than those formed in air standard, hence the interest to perform emissivity measurements on pre-oxidized samples under air plasma conditions, representative of the atmospheric re-entry conditions of space debris. Finally, it would be more judicious to implement in the atmospheric reentry tools, the influence of the oxidation under air plasma on the emissivity rather than the kinetics of oxidation obtained
Blanco, Éric. "Température et émissivité des matériaux sous choc : étude expérimentale par pyrométrie optique à travers un matériau fenêtre." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100203.
Повний текст джерелаThe temperature is an important parameter to determine the equation of state of shock loaded materials. Indeed, to solve the hydrodynamics equations system (where this parameter does not appear explicitly), it is necessary ti use a complete equation of state connecting thermodynamics parameters : pressure, density, specific internal energy and temperature. In order to determine temperature along the isentropic release of studied material, a window material in lithium fluoride is used. Three different samples (bismuth, copper and tin) have been studied in a shock pressure range between 10 GPa and 100 GPa. We have designed and built a multispectral pyrometer having 8 measurement channels and operating in in a specral range between 0. 4 µm and 3. 5 µm. The pyrometer spectral range allows to uncouple the usually associated problems of studied material temperature and emissivity. The short wavelength measurement (visible range) allows to determine the true temperature of shocked material. Dynamic emissivity variation versus the wavelength is obtained in the infrared range and allows us to know the state changes undergo by the shocked material. The experimental results have allowed us to point out : - a temperature and emissivity increasing versus the shock pressure, - a state change (solid-liquid) for bismuth at shock pressure of 32 GPa
Makke, Laurent. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle du rayonnement infrarouge atmosphérique utilisant l'approximation en émissivité : application à la formation du brouillard radiatif." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1061/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Atmospheric Radiation field has seen the development of more accurate and faster methods to take into account absorption. Modelling fog formation, where Infrared Radiation is involved, requires accurate methods to compute cooling rates. Radiative fog appears with clear sky condition due to a significant cooling during the night where absorption is the dominant processus. Thanks to High Performance Computing, multi-spectral approaches of Radiative Transfer Equation resolution are often used. Nevertheless, the coupling of three-dimensional radiative transfer with fluid dynamics is very computationally expensive. Radiation increases the computation time by around fifty percent over the pure Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation. To reduce the time spent in radiation calculations, a new method using the broadband emissivity has been developed to compute an equivalent absorption coefficient (spectrally integrated). Only one resolution of Radiative Transfer Equation is needed against $N_{text{band}} times N_{text{gauss}}$ for an $N_{text{band}}$ model with $N_{text{gauss}}$ quadrature points on each band. A comparison with simulation data has been done and the new parameterization of Radiative properties shows the ability to handle variations of gases concentrations and liquid water. A dynamical study through the coupling between the infrared radiation model and Code_Saturne has been done to validate our parametrization. Finally the model was tested on a 3-D domain with idealized buildings to catch 3-D infrared radiative effects due to horizontally inhomogenities of the liquid water content field and buildings
Venot, Timothée. "Matériaux optiques actifs en couches minces : élaboration et caractérisation de systèmes tout-solides électrochromes à émissivité infrarouge variable." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4006.
Повний текст джерелаElectrochromic materials are devices for modulating the reflection or transmission of light. They cover a wide variety of applications in the visible range (smart windows) and the infrared range (thermal protection for satellites and optical infrared discretion). The works presented in this manuscript were essentially responding to the problem of developping an all solid electrochromic device with a variable infrared emissivity by a single process of magnetron sputtering. A new stacking architecture with a working bi functional monolayer electrode was chosen to bring the properties conventionally made by two or more layers on top of electrochromic device. This new architecture has required the establishment of an original deposit process of hydrated reactive sputtering. This process yielded a monolayer electrode based on tungsten trioxide combining the desired optical and electronic properties. It allowed to deposit other layers of the stack, the counter electrode based on tungsten trioxide and the proton conductive solid electrolyte based on tantalum or zirconium oxide. The study of the addition of an encapsulation layer based on cerium dioxide was also conducted. This architecture has resulted in a functional all-solid electrochromic stack. The complete device thus prepared exhibits good optical properties in the infrared emissivity in terms of modulation and in particular in the spectral bands of interest, namely 13 % in MW and 31 % in LW
Gsib, Badii. "Modélisation numérique du comportement thermique d'un substrat de semiconducteur dans l'ultra vide." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1476.
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