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Книги з теми "Emergent logic"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 грудня 2022

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

A mathematical structure for emergent computation. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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2

Bennett, W. E. Construction equipment emerging technologies: Fuzzy logic controllers. Springfield, Va: Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995.

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3

Japanese foreign policy: The emerging logic of multilateralism. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999.

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4

Chomicki, Jan. Logics for Emerging Applications of Databases. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004.

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5

Chomicki, Jan, Ron van der Meyden, and Gunter Saake, eds. Logics for Emerging Applications of Databases. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18690-5.

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6

Classical Indian metaphysics: Refutations of realism and the emergence of "new logic". Chicago: Open Court, 1995.

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7

Skoog, Gun Eriksson. The Soft Budget Constraint — The Emergence, Persistence and Logic of an Institution. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6793-3.

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8

Skoog, Gun Eriksson. The soft budget constraint: The emergence, persistence, and logic of an institution. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.

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9

Conni, Carlo. Identità e strutture emergenti: Una prospettiva ontologica della Terza ricerca logica di Husserl. Milano: Bompiani, 2005.

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10

Between worlds: The emergence of global reason. New York: Peter Lang, 1998.

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11

Sokolov, Artem, and Oleg Zhdanov. Cryptographic constructions on the basis of functions of multivalued logic. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1045434.

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Анотація:

Symmetric encryption algorithms have been successfully used to protect information during transmission on an open channel. The classical approach to the synthesis of modern cryptographic algorithms and cryptographic primitives on which they are based, is the use of mathematical apparatus of Boolean functions. The authors demonstrate that the use to solve this problem of functions of multivalued logic (FML) allows to largely improve the durability of the cryptographic algorithms and to extend the used algebraic structures. On the other hand, the study of functions of multivalued logic in cryptography leads to a better understanding of the principles of cryptographic primitives and the emergence of new methods of describing cryptographic constructions. In the monograph the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the properties of the FML, the presented algorithms for generating high-quality S-blocks for the symmetric encryption algorithms, as well as full-working samples of the cryptographic algorithms ready for practical implementation. For students and teachers and all those interested in issues of information security.

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12

Skoog, Gun Eriksson. The soft budget constraint: The emergence, persistence, and logic of an institution : the case of Tanzania, 1967-1992. Stockholm: Stockholm School of Economics, 1998.

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13

service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Regular Nanofabrics in Emerging Technologies: Design and Fabrication Methods for Nanoscale Digital Circuits. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

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14

Masloboeva, Ol'ga. Philosophical-anthropological project of Russian organicism and cosmism Russian in the context of the contemporary historical situation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1070337.

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This monograph explains the historical necessity of the emergence in the nineteenth century the Russian organicism, and the subsequent birth of his Russian cosmism. On the basis of the age of the principle of the analysis of the history, the idea of which originated in Antiquity, but the most consistent development was in the works, T. N. Granovsky, reveals the connection of the inner logic of a growing world and domestic philosophical thought. Suitable vzaimodeystvie development of the West-European and Russian philosophy is confirmed by the comparative analysis of the evolution of philosophical anthropology, presented in the second section of the monograph. For students and teachers and all those interested in issues of Russian organicism and cosmism Russian.

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15

Dellmann, Sarah. Images of Dutchness. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462983007.

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Why do early films present the Netherlands as a country full of canals and windmills, where people wear traditional costumes and wooden shoes, while industries and modern urban life are all but absent? Images of Dutchness investigates the roots of this visual repertoire from diverse sources, ranging from magazines to tourist brochures, from anthropological treatises to advertising trade cards, stereoscopic photographs, picture postcards, magic lantern slide sets and films of early cinema. This richly illustrated book provides an in-depth study of the fascinating corpus of popular visual media and their written comments that are studied for the first time. Through the combined analysis of words and images, the author identifies not only what has been considered Ÿtypically DutchŒ in the long nineteenth century, but also provides new insights into the logic and emergence of national clichés in the Western world.

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16

Korotkikh, V., and Victor Korotkich. A Mathematical Structure for Emergent Computation (NONCONVEX OPTIMIZATION AND ITS APPLICATIONS Volume 36). Springer, 1999.

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17

Bělohlávek, Radim, Joseph W. Dauben, and George J. Klir. Prehistory, Emergence, and Evolution of Fuzzy Logic. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200015.003.0002.

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This chapter first identifies the rare instances throughout the long history of classical logic when the principle of bivalence was challenged and shows that they all have been rather inconsequential. It then briefly examines the early research on many-valued logics during the first half the twentieth century, and describes in some detail circumstances that led to the emergence of fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic in the mid-1960s. This is followed by characterizing the evolving attitudes toward fuzzy logic, especially within the academic community, and by a summary of major and well-documented debates between members of the emerging fuzzy logic community and opponents of fuzzy logic. Finally, the chapter describes how the supporting infrastructure for fuzzy logic evolved during the early and rather critical stage of development of fuzzy logic.

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18

Magalhães, Rodrigo. Designing Organization Design. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198867333.001.0001.

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As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design is a one-off event or an ongoing process. Thus, it has traditionally been understood to be the same as an organizational configuration, with neat lines of communication and distribution of responsibilities, following pre-set typologies. However, what can be said to constitute organizational structure in this first half of the 21st century? The extraordinary growth of digital communications, the decreasing relevance of hierarchical bureaucracies, and the general demise of command-and-control have all but decimated the traditional notion of organizational structure. In this book it is argued that organization design needs a theoretical revamping. Using a mix of design and social sciences theories and concepts, the new approach is divided into three parts: design logics, design processes, and design leadership. A generic definition of organization design logics is offered, as a set of beliefs shared by managers and entrepreneurs in given sectors of the economy about the way organizations should be designed. Five logics and three types of designing processes are put forward. Logics: (1) the identity logic, (2) the normative logic, (3) the service logic, (4) the logic of effectual reasoning, (5) the logic of interactive structure. Processes: (1) intended design, (2) emergent design, (3) perceived design. For the leadership part, a model of leaderful organization design(ing) is proposed, with the following distinguishing features: (a) practice-based, (b) guided by values of democratic participation, (c) places meaning-making and meaning-taking at the centre of organizational life, (d) driven by design logics, which can be adopted and adapted to suit different internal and external environments.

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19

Bělohlávek, Radim, Joseph W. Dauben, and George J. Klir. Fuzzy Logic in the Narrow Sense. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200015.003.0004.

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The chapter examines the various propositional and predicate many-valued logics that were studied prior to the emergence of the concept of a fuzzy set in the mid-1960s, which led to the genesis of fuzzy logic in broad and narrow senses. Early ideas regarding formal systems of fuzzy logic allowed for deduction from partially true premises to partially true consequences, as suggested first by Goguen in the 1960s and further developed by Pavelka in the 1970s, and these ideas were developed from the 1990s onward. The systematic development of fuzzy logics based on t-norms and their residua, pursued under the leadership of Hájek in the 1990s, is discussed in some detail. An overview is presented of fuzzy logics that are not truth-functional, such as probabilistic, possibilistic and modal fuzzy logic. The chapter concludes by reviewing relevant additional issues, such as issues of computational complexity for fuzzy logic or higher-order fuzzy logics.

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20

Dadios, Elmer, ed. Fuzzy Logic - Emerging Technologies and Applications. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/2337.

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21

Lu-Adler, Huaping. Kant on the Way to His Own Philosophy of Logic. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190907136.003.0005.

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This chapter considers how Kant, from the mid-1760s through the mid-1770s, navigated between existing accounts of logic before finding his own voice. It highlights two breakthroughs that would contribute most to his mature theory of logic. The first breakthrough concerns Kant’s division of logic into two essentially different though complementary branches: a logic for the learned understanding and one for the common human understanding (to make it healthy), precursors to “pure logic” and “applied logic” respectively. This distinction not only marks a clear departure from the Leibnizian-Wolffian take on the relation between artificial and natural logics, but also pays homage to the humanist and Lockean practices of emphasizing certain ethical dimensions of logic. The second breakthrough is the emergence of “transcendental logic” from Kant’s efforts to secure metaphysics—particularly the first part thereof, ontology—as a proper science.

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22

Crain, Stephen. The Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2013.

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23

Wolfson, Todd, ed. Social Movement Logics—Past, Present, and Future. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038846.003.0008.

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This concluding chapter reexamines the Cyber Left against the backdrop of informational capitalism and history. Through this lens, it discusses indymedia as a precursor to Occupy Wall Street and many of the emergent social movements that have developed since the economic crisis of 2008. It also explains how the core logic and strategy of the Cyber Left played a significant role in the inability of the Global Social Justice Movement to build long-term power. It identifies four interrelated, core problems: (1) a retreat from class and capitalism as analytic and political categories; (2) a tendency toward technological determinism; (3) an anti-institutional bias; and (4) no emphasis on political education and leadership development.

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24

Bishop, Robert C., Michael Silberstein, and Mark Pexton. Emergence in Context. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192849786.001.0001.

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Abstract This is a book about the multidisciplinary topic of emergence. Science, philosophy of science, and metaphysics have long been concerned with the question of how order, stability, and novelty are possible and how they happen. How can order come out of disorder? We provide a new account of emergence, contextual emergence, that attempts to answer these questions. Contextual emergence is grounded primarily in the sciences, as opposed to logic or metaphysics. It is both an explanatory and ontological account of emergence that gets us beyond the impasse between “weak” and “strong” emergence in the emergence debates. Contextual emergence challenges the “foundationalist” or hierarchical picture of reality. It emphasizes the ontological and explanatory fundamentality of multiscale stability conditions and their contextual constraints, often operating globally over interconnected, interdependent, and interacting entities and their multiscale relations. Contextual emergence focuses on the conditions that make the existence, stability, and persistence of emergent systems and their states and observables possible. These conditions and constraints are irreducibly multiscale relations, so it is not surprising that scientific explanation is often multiscale. Such multiscale conditions act as gatekeepers for systems to access modal possibilities (e.g. reducing or enhancing a system’s degrees of freedom). Using examples from across the sciences ranging from physics to biology to neuroscience and beyond, we demonstrate that there is an empirically well-grounded, viable alternative to ontological reductionism coupled with explanatory antireductionism (weak emergence) and ontological disunity coupled with the impossibility of robust scientific explanation (strong emergence). Central metaphysics of science concerns are also addressed.

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25

Handbook of the History of Logic: The Emergence of Classical Logic (Handbook of the History of Logic). North-Holland, 2008.

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26

Maché, Jakob. How Epistemic Modifiers Emerge. de Gruyter GmbH, Walter, 2019.

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27

Maché, Jakob. How Epistemic Modifiers Emerge. De Gruyter, Inc., 2019.

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28

Maché, Jakob. How Epistemic Modifiers Emerge. De Gruyter, Inc., 2019.

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29

Fukushima, A. Japanese Foreign Policy: The Emerging Logic of Multilateralism. Palgrave Macmillan Limited, 1999.

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30

Japanese Foreign Policy: The Emerging Logic of Multilateralism. Palgrave Macmillan, 1999.

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31

Fukushima, A. Japanese Foreign Policy: The Emerging Logic of Multilateralism. Palgrave Macmillan Limited, 1999.

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32

(Editor), Jan Chomicki, Ron van der Meyden (Editor), and Gunter Saake (Editor), eds. Logics for Emerging Applications of Databases. Springer, 2003.

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33

Saake, Gunter, Jan Chomicki, and Ron van der Meyden. Logics for Emerging Applications of Databases. Springer, 2012.

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34

Crain, Stephen. Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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35

Crain, Stephen. Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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36

Crain, Stephen. Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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37

Crain, Stephen. Emergence of Meaning. Cambridge University Press, 2012.

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38

Bedock, Camille. An Unexpected Journey. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779582.003.0008.

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Whereas the shortening of the presidential term was a long-debated, largely consensual, institutional topic in the story of the French Fifth Republic, the matter of the reordering of the electoral calendar was a circumstantial result of the dissolution and proved very divisive. The chapter shows how, paradoxically, two reforms that followed logically from one another in the minds of reformers, and emerged around the same time, followed hugely distinctive logics in terms of emergence and adoption, were separated sequentially, and were supported by different coalitions each time. This is the case because the reforms were perceived as having different natures: a consensual reform for the five-year term, a divisive reform for the reordering of the calendar. Whereas the quinquennat was debated and adopted through a supermajoritarian process involving deliberation among the vast majority of the political elites, the reordering of the calendar followed a purely majoritarian logic.

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39

Lefroy, Ted, Allan Curtis, Anthony Jakeman, and James McKee, eds. Landscape Logic. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643103559.

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In 2005, researchers from four Australian universities and CSIRO joined forces with environmental managers from three state agencies and six regional catchment management authorities to answer the question: 'Can we detect the influence of public environmental programs on the condition of our natural resources?' This was prompted by a series of national audits of Australia's environmental programs that could find no evidence of public investment improving the condition of waterways, soils and native vegetation, despite major public programs investing more than $4.2 billion in environmental repair over the last 20 years. Landscape Logic describes how this collaboration of 42 researchers and environmental managers went about the research. It describes what they found and what they learned about the challenge of attributing cause to environmental change. While public programs had been responsible for increase in vegetation extent, there was less evidence for improvement in vegetation condition and water quality. In many cases critical levels of intervention had not been reached, interventions were not sufficiently mature to have had any measurable impact, monitoring had not been designed to match the spatial and temporal scales of the interventions, and interventions lacked sufficiently clear objectives and metrics to ever be detectable. In the process, however, new knowledge emerged on disturbance thresholds in river condition, diagnosing sources of pollution in river systems, and the application and uptake of state-and-transition and Bayesian network models to environmental management. The findings discussed in this book provide valuable messages for environmental managers, land managers, researchers and policy makers.

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40

Mache, Jakob. On Black Magic: How Epistemic Modifiers Emerge. De Gruyter, Inc., 2015.

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41

L, Schneider Sandra, and Shanteau James, eds. Emerging perspectives on judgment and decision research. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

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42

Duranton, Gilles, and William Kerr. The Logic of Agglomeration. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.14.

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This chapter discusses frontier topics in economic geography as they relate to firms and agglomeration economies. The chapter focuses on areas where empirical research is scarce but possible. The chapter first outlines a conceptual framework for city formation that allows us to contemplate what empiricists might study when using firm-level data to compare the functioning of cities and industries with each other. The chapter then examines a second model of the internal structure of a cluster to examine possibilities with firm-level data for better exposing the internal operations of clusters. An overwhelming theme of the review is the vast scope for enhancements of our picture of agglomeration with the new data that are emerging.

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43

Scheuerman, William E. States of Emergency. Edited by Jens Meierhenrich and Oliver Simons. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199916931.013.017.

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Carl Schmitt’s theory of emergency powers has garnered substantial attention in the aftermath of terrorist attacks on the US, UK, and Spain. Against those who underscore apparent discontinuities in Schmitt’s view of emergency government, or see him as advocating law-based and/or a constitutional model of emergency government, this chapter revisits three key historical and intellectual contexts—the First World War, the Weimar debate about Article 48, and the disintegration of Weimar democracy after 1930— to offer an alternative interpretation. The radical anti-legal character of Schmitt’s position, along with its underlying continuities, is emphasized. Three recent post 9/11 employments of Schmitt’s ideas about emergency power are then examined. Each is found inadequate, in part because each accepts too much of the underlying logic of Schmitt’s theory and thus becomes vulnerable to its normative and political frailties.

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44

Taking Advantage of Emergence: Productively Innovating in Complex Innovation Systems. Oxford University Press, 2016.

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45

Ogbonnaya, Uchenna L., and Jonathan O. Chimakonam. African Metaphysics, Epistemology, and a New Logic: Emerging Research and Opportunities. IGI Global, 2021.

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46

Skoog, Gun Eriksson. Soft Budget Constraint -- the Emergence, Persistence and Logic of an Institution. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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47

Sparti, Davide. On the Edge. Edited by George E. Lewis and Benjamin Piekut. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195370935.013.020.

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While all human agency unfolds with a certain degree of improvisation, there are specific cultural practices in which improvisation plays an even more relevant role. Among these, jazz offers a privileged site for understanding how improvisation operates, offering the opportunity to find within it a frame of reference that might be related to other genres and modes of creation. This contribution, as Wittgenstein would say, has a “grammatical” design to it. It proposes to clarify the significance of the term “improvisation” by reflecting upon theconditionsthat make the practice possible. Rather than calling forth mysterious processes that take place in the unconscious or in the minds of musicians, the focus is on the criteria that must be satisfied before one may accurately ascribe to an act the concept of improvisation. By comparing the practice of improvisation to the notion a musical “work,” five such criteria are established: inseparability, irreversibility, situationality, originality, and responsiveness. The last part of this chapter offers an insight into the improvising dynamic. Unlike a composer in the domain of classical music, who works from a plan looking ahead, improvising musicians cannot by definition look ahead. Yet they can look behind at what has already been played, and respond to it, extending the logic of the previous phrases, shaping a form retrospectively, blending the emergent with the intended. Hence any musical statement emerging during a performance is at the same time a constraint and a springboard for the following statement.

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48

The Emergence of Meaning (Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics). Cambridge University Press, 2008.

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49

Giles, David Boarder. A Mass Conspiracy to Feed People. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478021711.

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In A Mass Conspiracy to Feed People, David Boarder Giles explores the ways in which capitalism simultaneously manufactures waste and scarcity. Illustrating how communities of marginalized people and discarded things gather and cultivate political possibilities, Giles documents the work of Food Not Bombs (FNB), a global movement of grassroots soup kitchens that recover wasted grocery surpluses and redistribute them to those in need. He explores FNB's urban contexts: the global cities in which late-capitalist economies and unsustainable consumption precipitate excess, inequality, food waste, and hunger. Beginning in urban dumpsters, Giles traces the logic by which perfectly edible commodities are nonetheless thrown out—an act that manufactures food scarcity—to the social order of “world-class” cities, the pathways of discarded food as it circulates through the FNB kitchen, and the anticapitalist political movements the kitchen represents. Describing the mutual entanglement of global capitalism and anticapitalist transgression, Giles captures those emergent forms of generosity, solidarity, and resistance that spring from the global city's marginalized residents.

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50

Skoog, Gun Eriksson. "The Soft Budget Constraint - The Emergence, Persistence and Logic of an Institution". Springer, 2010.

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