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Статті в журналах з теми "Élevage – Massif central (France) – Environnement"
Etlicher, Bernard, Jacqueline F. N. Van Leeuwen, Cornelis Roelof Janssen, and Etienne Juvigné. "Le Haut Forez (Massif Central, France) après le pléniglaciaire würmien : environnement et tephra du volcan de La Nugère." Bulletin de l'Association française pour l'étude du quaternaire 24, no. 4 (1987): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/quate.1987.1852.
Повний текст джерелаTHERIEZ, M., A. BRELURUT, J. Y. PAILLEUX, M. BENOIT, G. LIENARD, F. LOUAULT, and F. X. DE MONTARD. "Extensification en élevage ovin viande par agrandissement des surfaces fourragères. Résultats zootechniques et économiques de 5 ans d’expérience dans le Massif Central Nord." INRAE Productions Animales 10, no. 2 (April 7, 1997): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.1997.10.2.3990.
Повний текст джерелаAGABRIEL, J., and R. BAUMONT. "Avant-propos." INRA Productions Animales 30, no. 2 (June 19, 2018): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2017.30.2.2235.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Élevage – Massif central (France) – Environnement"
Ulmann, Laurence. "La dimension environnementale de l'agriculture : la prime à l'herbe dans le Massif central." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF20005.
Повний текст джерелаAllart, Lucie. "Maintien de la multifonctionnalité des prairies permanentes et adaptation des systèmes fourragers au changement climatique dans le Massif central." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0047.
Повний текст джерелаPermanent grasslands are multifunctional and provide many ecosystem services. They are, however, threatened by both climate change and the intensification of agricultural practices, which leads to degradation (i.e. to biodiversity losses and less ecosystem services). Conversion to arable land is another threat on biodiversity. Two issues therefore need to be reconciled: i) maintaining the diversity of services that permanent grasslands provide to society, and ii) adapting forage systems to climate change. The livestock production systems framework, which combines a production system and decision-making system, is used here to analyse the direct and indirect effects of climate change on permanent grasslands. The direct effects are changes in grassland under the effects of climate variation, and the indirect effects are changes in grassland in response to adaptations by farmers.In order to understand the direct effects of climate change on permanent grasslands, we used the botanical surveys previously carried out to establish a functional typology of grasslands in the Massif Central. Their distribution along gradients of altitude and latitude, independently of management factors, enabled us to study the effect of climate change on the multifunctionality of permanent grasslands according to fertilisation and their species richness. Using a structural equation model, we identified species richness as the pivotal variable in the effects of mineral and organic fertilisation, and climate on grassland multifunctionality. A rise in the average annual temperature is associated with a decline in grassland biodiversity and multifunctionality.We then interviewed 15 dairy farmers in the Massif Central about their perceptions of climate change and permanent grasslands, and analysed how these perceptions influenced their strategies for adapting to climate change. We observed a marked effect of the climatic context, with a contrast between the southern Massif Central lowlands, where farmers already experienced pronounced droughts and high summer temperatures, and the other areas. In the latter areas, the perception of permanent grassland remains positive, and its diversity within and between plots is the basis of the adaptation strategies implemented by farmers. In the south of the Massif Central, farmers place more emphasis on the dis-services associated with the use of permanent grassland, and base their adaptation strategy on a crop rotation in which they have integrated temporary grassland, fodder crops and trees.Finally, using our structural equation model, we simulated the effect of a 1.5°C rise in mean temperature on changes in the multifunctionality of permanent grassland that farmers considered to be representative of their system. We also distinguished between farms according to the proportion of permanent grassland in their agricultural area. This analysis shows that the degradation and conversion of permanent grassland to crops does not affect all farms in the same way. On some farms, the conversion of certain grasslands to crop rotations preserves permanent grassland that receive little fertilisation on other plots of the farm.This thesis highlights the importance of combining ecological and socio-cognitive approaches in order to understand the different ways in which climate change influences the management of grassland-based farms. The results of our work on grazing farmers' perceptions of permanent grassland and on the barriers and lock-ins to adaptation could be used by farm advisors, to help farmers make the transitions needed to adapt to current climatic and ecological challenges
Gazelle, François. "L'hydrologie du sud du Massif Central dans son environnement géographique." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30075.
Повний текст джерелаThe author considers a group of regions located in the south of the central highlands or massif central (france). Thus, this study is not presented as an ordinary monography, but rather as a synthesis of the relations between rainfall and flows, depending on the territories and seasons. Alternately generated by abundant rainfall from the ocean and the mediterranean, the flows reflect the pedological caracteristics of the hydrologic lands that elementary slope-basins are. Low waters and rises in water levels play a peculiar part and are carefully looked into in all their aspects
Marty, Pascal. "Forêts et sociétés : appropriation et production de l'espace forestier : les logiques d'action des propriétaires privés : l'exemple de la moyenne montagne rouergate." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010525.
Повний текст джерелаIn France, 70 % of the forests is privately owned. The space dynamics in private forests are linked to the way of appropriating the space. The relatinship between nature and society is complex in private forests. The topic of this research is to offer an interpretation ot the space turnover, related to the concepts of production and space appropriation. It should take into account both the social and natural aspects of the private forests. The studied area - the south-west of the french massif central - has been sharply expanding for a century and is 90 % privately-owned. The aim is to identify the logic of actions of the private owners, estimate their impact on the forest, and to analize the representations and conceptions as far as the forest management is concerned. From a metodological wiewpoint, the researches have been carried out in two directions. 1) in order to study the private strategies of owners in their forests, 9 observatories in different natural areas have been chosen to collect bio-ecological and sociological information. 2) in the public debate, the tensions and disagreements about the way of managing the forest which should be applied to the rural space, have been deduced from the analysis of forestry press articles, and also thanks to my attending a training on the forest organized by commissions of private forests. In the studied space, the forest properties are often linked to farm estates and are less than 25 ha. The registred managements programs are very rare : the actions of the owners are little linked to the economy in an uncontrolled forest space. In the public discussion, the opposition between an interest bearing conception of the forest and the environment logic is strong. The production ot the landscapes-to-be in the rural space will depend on the outcome given by the community to the issue on the forest private property
Wattinne, Aurélia. "Évolution d'un environnement carbonate lacustre à bioconstructions, en limagne bourbonnaise (Oligo-Miocène, Massif Central, France)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MNHN0023.
Повний текст джерелаClimate and tectonic factors are the main ones that control the lacustrine sedimentation. Climatic variations are marked in the sedimentation by different vegetal and fauna associations, and different lithologies. Tectonic variations control the structuration of the basin, and influence the stromatolites repartition. The marls and limestones display deposition cycles, due to periodic climatic changes, like alternations of more or less humid periods. Associated stromatolites present various shapes, made of vegetal and fauna associations, and depending on their growth environment. The detail of their internal structure reveals the recording of chemical variations of the water, happening during the climatic changes. The calculations made on their speed of growth indicate that this one is fast and discontinuous. Stromatolites associations in the lacustrine environment can form plurimetrical built complexes, which record the evolution of the subsidence through time
Bordessoule, Éric. "Les "montagnes" du Massif central : espaces pastoraux et transformations du milieu rural dans les monts d'Auvergne." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CLF20073.
Повний текст джерелаThe subject of this studie is the pastoral life in volcanic mountain's of massif central. After the great crisis, in the sixties, the system of "mountain" producing milk and cheese was replaced by cattle rearin g. This new economy of pasture mountains is based on the development of a cattle rearing systel on which the staple prod uce is the one year old calf (called "broutard"), together with the intensification in the milk areas and a new "transhu mance" wave strating from the aveyron in particular. The pastoral field has not a lot decreased in surface and there has being little change in the structures of farmings apart from the creation of "cooperation" or the buying of pastures by the aveyron reares. However, the links between mountains and staple farming are becoming more complex and today, the system seems to be frag ile and the risks of a partial pastoral neglect are numerous. In 1988, for the first time, the hirstock sent on to pastures decreased. Beside the fact that many economical or climatical problems seem to be linked with the present conjoncture, a lastinger crisis should be considered as, the crea tion of milk quotas, the decline of meat currency, the burden of financial obligations and the fact that a lot of financ ial obligations and the fact a lot of lands is being abandonned around the farms will probably result in a reduction of the practice of pasture
Bessenay, Carole. "La gestion des données environnementales dans un espace naturel sensible : le système d'information géographique des Hautes-Chaumes foréziennes (Massif central)." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET2024.
Повний текст джерелаThe object of this research is to present and to apply to a specific territory the geographical information systems' concepts and potentialities that can help understand the functioning and evolution processes of natural spaces. The GIS of the "Hautes-Chaumes foreziennes" underlines the interest of a computerization of "ecological planning" methods whose aims are to integrate environment into management practices thanks to the analysis of the specific aptitudes or sensitivities of one space. This study is based on the inventory and the mapping ot the Hautes-Chaumes principal natural and human characteristics : topography, vegetation, humidity, pastoral activities. . . The selection of several criteria allows the elaboration of a pluridisciplinary diagnosis which underlines the important sensitivity of this area. This diagnosis is then compared with an evaluation model of anthropic frequenting in a way to define a zoning of the most vulnerable sectors, which are both sensitive and subject to important pressures. This analysis should urge politicians to conceive differentiated management measures related with the incentives at stake in each area in order to conciliate all anthropic activities while respecting the aptitudes of this natural space
Merceron, Thierry. "Les altérations hydrothermales de la coupole granitique d'échassières et de son environnement (sondage gpf echa n1)." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2330.
Повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Élevage – Massif central (France) – Environnement"
Ballut, Christèle, Grégoire Gaby, and Béatrice Prat. "Restitution et modélisation de l’évolution paysagère du bassin versant de Montchâtre à l’Holocène récent (Massif central, France)." In Paysages et environnement, 395–404. Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pufc.43445.
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