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Статті в журналах з теми "Electromagnetic safety"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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1

R. B. Dubey, R. B. Dubey. "Life Safety in a World of Electromagnetic Radiation Pollution." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2013/15.

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2

Gandhi, Om P. "Electromagnetic Fields: Human Safety Issues." Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering 4, no. 1 (August 2002): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bioeng.4.020702.153447.

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3

Zhang, Guang, Xiao Guang Yue, Juan Yang, Jing Xi Chen, Zi Qiang Zhao, and Xiao Lan Xie. "Electromagnetic Induction Heating Application in Mining Safety Detection." Advanced Materials Research 722 (July 2013): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.722.528.

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Анотація:

From the status and history the of electromagnetic induction heating, the concept of electromagnetic induction heating, formulas and principles are briefly analyzed. There are some overviews of some examples: the furnace based on electromagnetic induction heating; the plastic processing based on electromagnetic induction heating; the temperature control system based on electromagnetic induction heating. Through these examples, the basic situation of domestic electromagnetic induction heating is summarized. Mining engineering safety detection plays a very important role in mining engineering. A mining safety detection model is designed by using electromagnetic induction heating principle for monitoring the load and the air temperature data. This detection reference model can be used for many areas for mining safety.

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4

Vishnevsky, A., and B. Gorodetsky. "Electromagnetic safety of modern marine facilities." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no. 387 (February 11, 2019): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2019-1-387-143-154.

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5

Buyakova, Natalya, Vasilij Zakaryukin, and Andrey Kryukov. "Electromagnetic safety of high voltage traction networks." E3S Web of Conferences 139 (2019): 01067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913901067.

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The article provides procedure for simulation modeling of traction power supply systems which allows analyzing electromagnetic safety conditions in perspective high voltage traction net- works. Modeling of electromagnetic fields in the Fazonord software application proved that 50 kV traction system is characterized by the highest electromagnetic strength at a height of 1.8 m above the ground surface, while 2x25 kV system is characterized by the lowest one. Traditional traction system with 27.5 kV voltage is the worst in terms of magnetic field strength, while 2x50 kV is the best; auto- transformer systems of traction power supply create magnetic fields due to demagnetizing effect of power leads.

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6

Grigoriev, O. A., Mikhail E. Goshin, A. V. Prokofyeva, and V. A. Alekseeva. "FEATURES OF NATIONAL POLICY IN APPROACHES TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD SAFETY OF RADIO FREQUENCIES RADIATION IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 1184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-11-1184-1190.

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Анотація:

The article contains the analysis of modern approaches to determining the limits of the electromagnetic field of radio frequencies. The international discussion about the safe limits of electromagnetic radiation has been going on for half a century. In the 21st century, the national policy of electromagnetic safety is determined by the socio-economic priorities of countries and national legal principles of evidence of harm to health to a greater extent, than scientific data. There are three main approaches to determining the limits of electromagnetic fields. The Anglo-Saxon approach is based on the principle of passive regulation, i.e. using the recommended values of the permissible level of the electromagnetic field. The Soviet-Russian approach is based on establishing the maximum permissible level of the electromagnetic field, which guarantees no harm to present and future generations. The term of the maximum permissible level is historically associated with the concept of the priority of the nervous system responses to the influence of the electromagnetic factor. The state assumes responsibility for the scientific justification of the limit levels and implements the control functions for their observance, which allows excluding any harm to health. The third approach is based on the precautionary principle, the concept of which was first introduced in German law. It is aimed at preventing harm, in the absence of unambiguous, reliable scientific data and, in fact, it is a socially-oriented approach that takes into account social consensus in the context of the development of new technologies. Respectively, this approach implies strict maximum permissible levels (technically achievable), as well as a system of formal restrictions on placement of the electromagnetic field sources in the “susceptible” territories. Separately from the above approaches, a method of managing the safety of the electromagnetic environment in China has been formed: since 2015, electromagnetism has been fully attributed to environmental factors and is controlled by the Ministry of environmental protection. China has abandoned the hygienic regulation of the anthropogenic electromagnetic field, and the system, for establishing and monitoring the electromagnetic environment indices, combines elements of all three mentioned above approaches.

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7

Rieznik, D., S. Sukach, T. Kozlovs’ka, and L. Levchenko. "REASONING FOR IMPROVING NORMS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY OF EMPLOYEES OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ENTERPRISES." Electromechanical and energy saving systems 2, no. 46 (July 5, 2019): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2019.2.46.49-56.

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8

Apollonskiy, Stanislav M. "Ensuring electromagnetic safety at high-speed maglev transport." Transportation systems and technology 3, no. 3 (September 15, 2017): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20173390-110.

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Анотація:

High-speed ground maglev transport creates electromagnetic interference of wide frequency spectrum during the movement. Electromagnetic interference spreads both in the surrounding environment and within the transport itself. Mathematically, electromagnetic interference is a vector (and in some cases tensor) field, where the functions are magnetic and electrical tenseness. Purpose. The purpose of the work is to ensure electromagnetic safety of high-speed ground maglev transport’s technical means and people (passengers and staff) by means of optimisation synthesis. Objective. The objective of the works is to optimise the placement of field sources in areas with variable geometric characteristics. Methodology. The method of the work is to synthesise elements of an energy system whose characteristics depend on the behaviour of electromagnetic interference. The mathematical model of the energy system being designed should take into account technological and constructive constraints, and electromagnetic interference. Calculation of electromagnetic interference from several sources in the premises, where the energy system is located by means of solving nonlinear tasks of special type mathematical programming. The peculiarities of this type of problems do not allow using known methods of mathematical programming. Finally, methods of formalisation and algorithms for solving optimisation problems of placement. Practical significance. The search of solution of optimisation tasks became feasible owing to a number of suggestions put forward by the author: introduction of scalar potentials for describing external electromagnetic interference of the electric power plant elements; the introduction of interinfluence taking into account the influence of closely-located sources; development of screening functions in the form of harmonic decompositions; the application of addition theorems which enable describing solutions of mathematical physics equations in different coordinate systems. Conclusion. The suggested method of formation of maglev transport electric energy system may be useful.

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9

Gao, Yan Wei, and Jin Ji Jin. "Statistical Analysis and Safety Limit Discussion of Electromagnetic Radiation Major Cities in Jilin Province." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 696–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.696.

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Анотація:

With the increase of urban electromagnetic radiation source, electromagnetic environment pollution which poses a threat to the health of the residents is increasingly worse, there exists a controversy to the safety limit. In order to master the basic information about urban electromagnetic radiation source of major cities in Jilin, the statistical analysis of environmental comprehensive field monitoring data is conducted in Jilin province’s major cities, Changchun, Yanji and Siping ,the result shows that the electric field intensity of the environmental electromagnetic radiation in three cities is below China electromagnetic radiation safety standard. Then according to the research situation at home and abroad , combining the practical situation of Jilin province, this article discusses the protection standard of environmental electromagnetic radiation and provides the suggested values of the safety threshold limit of electromagnetic radiation .

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10

APOLLONSKIY, Stanislav M., and Anatoly N. GORSKIY. "Problems of Electromagnetic Safety in Urbanized Environment." Elektrichestvo 7, no. 7 (2020): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/0013-5380-2020-7-65-73.

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11

NAKAGAWA, Masayoshi. "Biological Effects and Safety of Electromagnetic Fields." TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) 30, no. 3 (1995): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2221/jcsj.30.114.

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12

Taki, M. "2. Safety standards on electromagnetic field exposure." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 41, Special (1999): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001990896.

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13

Buyakova, Natalia, Andrey Kryukov, and Andrey Stepanov. "Modeling electromagnetic safety conditions at railway stations." Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University 23, no. 3 (June 2019): 516–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2019-3-516-530.

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14

Maslov, O. N., and D. Ju Panferov. "Electromagnetic radiation safety of portable computer devices." Infokommunikacionnye tehnologii 13, no. 4 (December 2015): 458–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18469/ikt.2015.13.4.16.

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15

Pilliner, G. W. "Protection and safety. Part 6: Electromagnetic problems." Electronic Systems News 1988, no. 1 (1988): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esn.1988.0007.

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16

Carranza, Noemí, Víctor Febles, José A. Hernández, José L. Bardasano, José L. Monteagudo, José C. Fernández de Aldecoa, and Victoria Ramos. "PATIENT SAFETY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC PROTECTION: A REVIEW." Health Physics 100, no. 5 (May 2011): 530–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hp.0b013e3181f0cad5.

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17

Przybysz, Artur, Krystian Grzesiak, and Ireneusz Kubiak. "Electromagnetic Safety of Remote Communication Devices—Videoconference." Symmetry 13, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13020323.

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Анотація:

Devices powered by electricity become sources of electromagnetic emissions in the course of their operation. In the case of devices oriented to process information, these emissions can have a character of revealing emissions, i.e., those whose reception and analysis allow for remote reconstruction of related data. The best known example of this phenomenon is the formation of revealing emissions during the operation of imaging devices: monitors, projectors or printers. Increasingly more often, these components are used for communication in the form of videoconferences with other network users. The article presents the result of tests and analyses of threats related to the use of such solutions (monitors, personal computers, VoIP terminals) for the confidentiality of conversations and the data presented during them. The focus is on video signals; however, the potential possibilities of revealing speech signals were also indicated. Such phenomenon causes a huge threat to data confidentiality because the combination of graphics and sound can undoubtedly contain much more information about the protected data than just graphics or sound separately. The presented results of analyses apply to graphic data, possibilities of non-invasive acquisition of such data, similarity of images and of patterns and reconstructed image and image recognition. The results indicate that there is still a risk of loss of data confidentiality due to a phenomenon of an electromagnetic leakage, and specialized instrumentation is not required for its interception under favorable circumstances. This may particularly apply to audio data that may be accidentally received by home radio receivers. In particular, the presented results of analyses apply to a Special Issue of Symmetry which is characterized by security and privacy in communication systems and networks, signal processing, video and image processing, multimedia communications and electromagnetic compatibility. All these scientific and technical areas have either symmetrical or asymmetrical approaches, and they have to be taken into consideration as a whole in order to choose the best combinations to protect processed information.

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18

Фёдоров and D. Fedorov. "The structure of automated procedures design of air power lines with regard to electromagnetic safety." Modeling of systems and processes 6, no. 3 (January 15, 2014): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2396.

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The paper considers the structure of procedures of automated design of air whether deposits power transmission accounting electromagnetic safety. Presents a picture of the structure of procedures of the project, testing of air power lines with regard to electromagnetic safety showing the algorithm of interaction of programs and procedures. Presents the diagram of the design process for air power lines pass for electromagnetic safety.

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19

Sun, Yi, Wenzhong Lou, Hengzhen Feng, and Yuecen Zhao. "Study on Characteristics of Electromagnetic Coil Used in MEMS Safety and Arming Device." Micromachines 11, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11080749.

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Traditional silicon-based micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) safety and arming devices, such as electro-thermal and electrostatically driven MEMS safety and arming devices, experience problems of high insecurity and require high voltage drive. For the current electromagnetic drive mode, the electromagnetic drive device is too large to be integrated. In order to address this problem, we present a new micro electromagnetically driven MEMS safety and arming device, in which the electromagnetic coil is small in size, with a large electromagnetic force. We firstly designed and calculated the geometric structure of the electromagnetic coil, and analyzed the model using COMSOL multiphysics field simulation software. The resulting error between the theoretical calculation and the simulation of the mechanical and electrical properties of the electromagnetic coil was less than 2% under the same size. We then carried out a parametric simulation of the electromagnetic coil, and combined it with the actual processing capacity to obtain the optimized structure of the electromagnetic coil. Finally, the electromagnetic coil was processed by deep silicon etching and the MEMS casting process. The actual electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil was measured on a micro-mechanical test system, compared with the simulation, and the comparison results were analyzed.

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20

Siergiejczyk, Mirosław, Adam Rosiński, and Jacek Paś. "Electromagnetic Interference Issue in Safety Systems Applied at Airports." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0015.

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Abstract The proper operation of electronic devices used in transport facilities is possible by protecting them against the effect of adverse electromagnetic fields. At present, all kinds of facilities, including critical infrastructure facilities, intended for functioning in peace conditions and emergency states, are equipped with power systems and numerous electronic devices, including electronic safety systems. On the basis of observing the process of their operation, it can be concluded that an artificially generated intended or unintended electromagnetic field, within various frequency ranges, may negatively affect the operation of electronic devices. It was found that the operation of the electronic safety systems applied at airports may be subject to interference as a result of the impact of adverse electromagnetic fields. Therefore, it is necessary to analyse the impact of electromagnetic interference on the operation of these systems. This article presents a developed author’s operation process model including electromagnetic interference within low frequencies. The reliability and operation analysis of the electronic safety systems carried out by the authors allows for numerical assessment of various types of solutions – both technical and organisational ones. As a result, they can be implemented, in order to minimise the impact of electromagnetic interference on the system functioning. This is a new approach to this issue, as there are currently designed and installed security systems at airports, but there is no analysis of the impact of electromagnetic interference on their functioning. In further research concerning this issue, the authors plan to further develop reliability-operational models, which will differentiate between the states of partial fitness. It will allow for more accurate mapping of the operation of the electronic safety systems which are applicable at airports.

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21

Long, Zhiqiang, Zhiqiang Wang, Hu Cheng, and Xiaolong Li. "A novel design of electromagnetic levitation system for high-speed maglev train." Transportation Systems and Technology 4, no. 3 suppl. 1 (November 19, 2018): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst201843s1212-224.

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Aim: To reduce the levitation energy consumption and alleviate the adverse effects caused by the over-heating of the electromagnet. Methods: The design and manufacturing of hybrid electromagnet are introduced firstly. Secondly, the modification of driving chopper module together with a levitation control strategy and the design of an adsorption-prevention module are presented in details. Thirdly, a complete two-carriage maglev train is upgraded with the proposed hybrid electromagnet, choppers, and adsorption modules. Finally, an experiment is performed on a 1.5 km high-speed maglev test line to prove the efficiency of the proposed system. Results: In this paper, a novel electromagnetic levitation system architecture and safety protection strategy for the high-speed maglev train are proposed. Conclusion: A novel design of electromagnetic levitation system for high-speed maglev train is designed and implemented.

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22

Buyakova, Natal’ya, Vasiliy Zakaryukin, Andrey Kryukov, and Tu Nguyen. "Electromagnetic safety enhancing in railway electric supply systems." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185803003.

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The methods of simulation modeling of traction power supply systems is developed, allowing analyzing the electromagnetic safety conditions in complex traction power networks equipped with sucking transformers. The effectiveness of the application of the sucking transformers (ST) connected in the rail cut with a distance of 3 km between transformers is small due to rails’ currents. The sucking transformers with return wires do not have this drawback. The use of ST with a return wire allows significantly improving the electromagnetic safety conditions: the level of magnetic field strength is reduced by tens of percent.

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23

Xiu, Sanmu, Wenmei Hao, Ying Zhou, and Fengyu Leng. "Design of Coupling Coil Parameters for Wireless Charging Tram Based on Electromagnetic Safety." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (May 9, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5769224.

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As a new type of urban rail transit tram, wireless charging tram uses high frequency electromagnetic field to conduct inductive power transmission, which gets rid of the traditional overhead catenary network, but inevitably causes electromagnetic radiation to the surrounding environment. Research shows that excessive electromagnetic radiation will affect the normal operation of equipment and the safety of human body. This paper analyzes the structure and coil configuration of the dynamic charging system for wireless charging tram. Aiming at the problem of electromagnetic radiation, a mathematical model with minimum electromagnetic radiation as the target and system parameters as the constraint condition is established. Finally, the system parameters of the electromagnetic coupling mechanism of the wireless charging tram are designed and optimized. The simulation and experimental results show that the method can meet the operating requirements of the system and reduce the electromagnetic radiation to the surrounding environment.

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24

Badger, James, Paul Taylor, and Ian Swain. "The safety of electrical stimulation in patients with pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators: A systematic review." Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 4 (January 2017): 205566831774549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2055668317745498.

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Анотація:

Introduction A number of patients are excluded from electrical stimulation treatment because there is concern that electrical stimulation could cause electromagnetic interference with pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators. The decision to use electrical stimulation in these patients needs to be supported by an assessment of benefit and harm. Methods We conducted a systematic review of the risk of electromagnetic interference between electrical stimulation and pacemakers or implanted cardioverter defibrillators. We included the electronic databases MEDLINE and EMBASE in the time period between 1966 and 26 August 2016. Results 18 papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria (eight safety studies and ten case studies). Although we were unable to accurately estimate the risk of electromagnetic interference, the studies revealed that patients having electrical stimulation of the lower limb are less susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Conclusions The results suggest that electrical stimulation could be used safely to help drop foot in patients with pacemakers or implanted cardioverter defibrillators. However, in order to obtain an accurate estimate of the risk of electromagnetic interference, a large, long-term, and intervention-specific safety study is required. Until such a study is undertaken, electrical stimulation should be used with caution in patients with pacemakers and implanted cardioverter defibrillators.

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25

Panova, Olena, Nataliia Burdeina, Kyrylo Nikolaiev, and Yana Biruk. "PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY MEASURES IN INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURE." JOURNAL of Donetsk mining institute, no. 2 (2020): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2020-2-155-161.

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Objective. Identification of factors of non-productive origin that affect the electromagnetic situation in industrial buildings and the implementation of a sequence of measures to normalize it. Methods. Experimental study of the source of extraneous electromagnetic fields in buildings and structures that can adversely affect workers and sensitive devices in production. To do this, the means of finding such fields were identified and used. The state and description of electric power networks as well as the distribution of the intensity of high-frequency electromagnetic fields are generalized. Electromagnetic safety measures in the production of various purposes are analyzed and presented. Results. Industrial five-storey buildings were inspected for currents in metal structures. The results show that they have significant levels of electric currents in metal structures depending on the riser of the building. It is established that the precondition for the application of safety measures is the analysis of the state of electric power networks, the distribution of the intensity of high-frequency electromagnetic fields, etc. The levels of electromagnetic fields in partially shielded rooms have been experimentally established. Typical dependences of radiation intensity of mobile phones on the signal level from base stations are obtained. The conditions of normalization of the electromagnetic situation in individual rooms and the building as a whole are substantiated. Electromagnetic safety measures have been introduced. Scientific novelty. To minimize the impact of electrical networks on the electromagnetic environment in the building, it is advisable to upgrade it according to the scheme TN-S, or TN-C-S, which reduces the levels of uncompensated electric currents in the network and the corresponding magnetic fields. Practical significance. It is established that: a) it is obligatory to determine the presence of leakage electric currents on grounded bearing structures and engineering networks that generate magnetic fields of hygienically significant voltages; b) reducing the levels of these jets due to technical solutions further reduces the intensity of electro-like processes in metal structures; c) to reduce the levels of high-frequency electromagnetic fields in production facilities, which are formed due to the reflection and re-reflection of electromagnetic waves, it is advisable to use composite shielding materials with controlled absorption and reflection coefficients. This approach will systematize the overall electromagnetic background in the premises and the building as a whole.

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26

Liu, Hui Ying, Zhen Yu Mao, and Hong Xu. "Design of Automatic Test Software for Electromagnetic Radiation Safety Margin." Advanced Materials Research 542-543 (June 2012): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.859.

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Анотація:

Focused on the current problems of the automated testing for electromagnetic compatibility, this paper proposes a hierarchical and modular electromagnetic compatibility software architecture based on the OOP. This paper gives the design ideas, methods and main features and develops a test automation software for electromagnetic radiation safety margin based on this architecture. Experimental results show this software improves test efficiency, accuracy and achieves the desired effect compared with the manual testing. This software also reduces the intensity of the work of the testers and has a good value in engineering.

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27

Kolmogorova, S. S., A. S. Kolmogorov, D. S. Baranov, and A. V. Mokryak. "Electromagnetic Field Monitoring Platform for Ensuring Occupational and Industrial Facilities Safety." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 2 (February 2022): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-2-58-63.

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Анотація:

The complex direction of measuring electromagnetic field parameters in Industry 4.0 is the underestimated direction. At the same time, modern technologies are actively testing neural network algorithms and the IoT cluster. Current trends in the development of technology dictate the use of new technologies and materials in the design of sensitive elements of electromagnetic field meters, as well as new intelligent methods for obtaining and processing data in real time. The logical development is the crossing of smart measuring devices and the server part with the required algorithmic modules. The conducted studies and experiment showed an unambiguous possibility of creating an unpacked electromagnetic field sensor. The convergence of the results of modeling real operating conditions in the form of inhomogeneous electromagnetic fields and the results of calculating mathematical block structures confirms the correctness of the models. The purpose of using a platform with structurally improved electromagnetic field sensors is to measure the parameters of the electromagnetic field in real time with the output of targeted quantitative results with a sufficient level of accuracy and predict hazardous situations. The platform is based on the measuring and server parts. Sensors or an assembly of several sensors is the final measurement node capable of functioning without user intervention. The node implements the collection of information about the actual parameters of the electromagnetic field at the object, a lot of nodes form the measuring part of the platform. Processing, storage, and generation of reports (messages) are carried out in the server part of the platform. The connection of the measuring and server parts occurs via wireless Internet communication channels.

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28

Apollonskiy, Stanislav M. "ENSURING ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY AT HIGH-SPEED MAGLEV TRANSPORT." Transportation systems and technology 3, no. 2 (June 15, 2017): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20173221-25.

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29

Lazorenko, V. S., and V. V. Sergeev. "BOUNDARY OF TRANSMITTING RADIO FACILITIES ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY AREA." RADIO COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, no. 44 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33286/2075-8693-2020-44-52-62.

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30

Ilyin, S., and V. Luchinin. "Smart glasses for information security and electromagnetic safety." Nanoindustry Russia, no. 3 (2015): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22184/1993-8578.2015.57.3.52.59.

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31

Buyakova, Natalya, Vasiliy Zakaryukin, Andrey Kryukov, and Natalya Lagunova. "Electromagnetic safety of railway electrification systems under deicing." Energy Safety and Energy Economy 5 (October 2018): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18635/2071-2219-2018-5-5-10.

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32

Hasegawa-Johnson, Mark. "Electromagnetic exposure safety of the Carstens Aerticulograph AG100." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 104, no. 4 (October 1998): 2529–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.423775.

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33

Osepchuk, J. M., and R. C. Petersen. "Safety standards for exposure to RF electromagnetic fields." IEEE Microwave Magazine 2, no. 2 (June 2001): 57–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/6668.924919.

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34

Amemiya, Yoshifumi. "Biological Effect of Electromagnetic Waves and Safety Standards." Journal of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan 45, no. 7 (1991): 831–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej1978.45.831.

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35

Rubtsova, N. B., and A. Y. Tokarskiy. "Transmission line sanitary protective zones. Electromagnetic safety problems." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-736-737.

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Анотація:

The main problems of overhead and cable transmission lines with voltage >=110 kV electric and magnetic fields general public protection are presented. It is shown that it is necessary to develop regulatory requirements for these lines’ sanitary protection zones organization, taking into account the magnetic field component, because its possible health risk factor, up to carcinogenic.

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36

Buyakova, Natalia V., Andrey V. Kryukov, Dmitriy A. Seredkin, and Le Van Thao. "Computer models in problems of ensuring electromagnetic safety." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601062.

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Анотація:

In the process of the smart grids formation a special attention is started to be paid to the issues of power engineering facilities safe functioning and reduction in their negative impact on personnel and environment. One of the important factors of such an impact is the generation of significant levels of strength of electromagnetic fields (EMF) by high-voltage overhead power transmission lines (OPL). In the context of the electric power industry digitalization, in order to improve the electromagnetic safety of service personnel, development of methods and means for digital modeling of EMF created by power lines of various designs is required, including traction networks of electrified railways. Computer models providing an adequate determination of the OPL EMF can be implemented on the basis of methods and tools designed for determining the parameters of the modes of electric energy systems in phase coordinates, developed at the Irkutsk State University for Railroads Communications. As an example of using these methods, the solution to the problem of constructing pictures of the distribution of EMF in the space surrounding the intersection of a flexible symmetrical conductor and a 25 kV traction network is given.

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37

Qiang, Cheng, and Du Zhong-min. "Personal Safety in Electromagnetic Environment of Electric Vehicle." International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 9, no. 6 (June 30, 2016): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ijsip.2016.9.6.09.

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38

Xiao, Song, Kunlun Zhang, Guoqing Liu, Yongzhi Jing, and Jan K. Sykulski. "Optimal design of a for middle-low-speed maglev trains." Open Physics 16, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2018-0024.

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AbstractA middle-low-speed maglev train is supported by an electromagnetic force between the suspension electromagnet (EM) and the steel rail and is driven by a linear induction motor. The capability of the suspension system has a direct bearing on safety and the technical and economic performance of the train. This paper focuses on the dependence of the electromagnetic force on the structural configuration of the EM with the purpose of improving performance of a conventional EM. Finally, a novel configuration is proposed of a hybrid suspension magnet, which combines permanent magnets and coils, in order to increase the suspension force while reducing the suspension power loss.

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39

Panova, O. "GENERAL CRITERIA FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC SCREEN APPLICATIONS TO ENSURE ELECTROMAGNETIC SAFETY AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT COMPATIBILITY." JOURNAL of Donetsk mining institute, no. 2 (2018): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2018-2-80-90.

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40

Zhou, Wei, Shi Shun Dai, Xuan Dong, and Chun Xiao Ren. "Search on Ignition Interference Prevention of Vehicle Safety System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 6123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.6123.

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Basic on the problem that the electromagnetic environment in vehicles which formed at the moment of ignition will cause interference to the stability and reliability of vehicle safety system, the paper takes vehicle fire protection system as the research object, and analyzes the interference mechanism and harmfulness through the simulation experiments. Finally uses the related software design and some prevention measures for electromagnetic interference such as shielding, grounding to protect the system, then through experiment to verify that it’s scientific and reasonable.

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41

Kucera, Matej, Miroslav Gutten, Milan Simko, Milan Sebok, Daniel Korenciak, Roman Jarina, and Martin Pitonak. "Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radiation Analysis in Control Room." Measurement Science Review 19, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2019-0018.

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Abstract The article presents a theoretical analysis of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and experimental measurement of effects of radiation and acoustic emission of high-voltage transformers for electronic equipment and working personnel in a control room. Electromagnetic compatibility and safety of equipment are not considered as two distinct areas of study in electric and electronic safety. Economic criteria cannot compromise safety but at the same time immunity levels must be relevant in order to establish a “Functional Safety”. Introducing Special Immunity Levels in the level of equipment testing allows us to combine the two areas of EMC and safety. The measurement was carried out in high-current of very high-voltage distribution station. A real-life analysis of effects of electric and electromagnetic field was carried out. FFT was used for mathematical processing of data which were later presented in a graphical form of a spectrally analyzed area. In the last part of the paper we discuss the suitability of acoustic camera to perform contactless monitoring of the health and operation conditions of the power transformer by analyzing acoustic field generated by the transformer core and windings in near control room.

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42

Shigemitsu, Tsukasa, and Shoogo Ueno. "Biological and Health Effects of Electromagnetic Fields Related to the Operation of MRI/TMS." SPIN 07, no. 04 (December 2017): 1740009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010324717400094.

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This paper reviews issues of biological effects and safety aspects of the electromagnetic fields related to both Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as a diagnostic technique. The noninvasive character of these diagnostic techniques is based on the utilization of the electromagnetic fields such as the static magnetic field, time-varying magnetic field, and radiofrequency electromagnetic field. Following the short view of the history and the principle of these noninvasive techniques, we review the biological effects of the electromagnetic fields, the health effects and safety issues related to MRI/TMS environments. Through a discussion of biological and health effects, it shows briefly guidelines which provide a consideration in human risk for both patients and medical staff. Finally, safety issues related to MRI/TMS are discussed with the highlighting of the guideline such as the International Commission on NonIonizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and EMF Directive (Directve2013/35/EU) of European Union.

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43

Białek, Kamil, and Jacek Paś. "Electromagnetic environment on extensive rail areas and the process of using electronic safety systems." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 121 (June 1, 2018): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4551.

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Анотація:

The article presents the results of research electric and magnetic fields in the field of higher frequencies, which are produced by electronic security systems in large logistics areas. The paper also presents the background of the electromagnetic environment. Distorted electromagnetic environment can interfere with the operation of electrical and electronic equipment that are used in the railway area. Particular attention has been paid to the impact of electromagnetic interference on selected electronic security systems.

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44

Khan, Ahmed Y., David Berkowitz, William S. Krimsky, D. Kyle Hogarth, Christopher Parks, and Rabih Bechara. "Safety of Pacemakers and Defibrillators in Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy." Chest 143, no. 1 (January 2013): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.12-0689.

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45

Towe, Christopher W., Michael A. Nead, Otis B. Rickman, Erik E. Folch, Sandeep J. Khandhar, Yaron Perry, and Philip A. Linden. "Safety of Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy in Patients With COPD." Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology 26, no. 1 (January 2019): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/lbr.0000000000000522.

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46

Paoli, M., L. Sani, A. Vispa, G. Raspa, G. Tiberi, M. Angelucci, and D. Ceccarelli. "257. Workplace Safety: Risks assessment of electromagnetic fields exposure." Physica Medica 56 (December 2018): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.04.268.

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47

Iskenderov, Bakhram G., Tatiana V. Lokhina, and Marina G. Ivanchukova. "Possibilities and safety of physiotherapy in patients with implanted cardiac devices." Russian Journal of Physiotherapy, Balneology and Rehabilitation 18, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1681-3456-2019-18-3-183-190.

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Анотація:

Widespread implantation of cardiac devices, i.e. cardiac pacemakers, cardioverter-defibrillators and cardiac resynchronisation devices improved patients survival. It has resulted in increase in number of ageing patients with cardiac devices who need physiotherapeutic treatment due to accompanied comorbidities. Hence the study of the interaction between functions of cardiac devices and physiotherapeutic treatment techniques is particularly relevant. The use and safety of physiotherapeutic treatment techniques producing electromagnetic field which in turn eventually cause harm of the cardiac devices are being discussed in present review article. The possible adverse effects of such interaction are abrupt failure to stimulate or triggering of shock therapy with consequent arrhythmic events including cardiac arrest. The technical characteristics particularly associated with electromagnetic interference are discussed here in detail. The attention is also payed to analysis of possible causes and effects of electromagnetic interference and safety measures as well.

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48

Bannyi, V. A., and V. A. Ignatenko. "THE application of polymer radioabsorbing materials TO SOLVE THE problem of electromagnetic safety." Health and Ecology Issues, no. 3 (September 28, 2016): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2016-13-3-2.

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Objective: to develop and create new absorbers of microwave radiation on polymer basis; to assess the perspectives of application of polymer composite radioabsorbing materials (RAM) and electromagnetic screens (EMS) for solving of the problem of electromagnetic ecology and electromagnetic protection of biological objects. Material and methods. Monolithic, fibrous and combined RAM based on filled thermoplastics were chosen as subjects of the study. Dielectric, magnetic and electroconducting substances different in nature, shape, size and a phase state were used as a filler. The RAM structure was study with means of a scanning electronic microscope. Results and discussion. The application of polymer composite materials for protection of biological objects from the effect of microwaves has been shown as efficient. The prospects for creation of polymer RAM, containing biodegradable components, nanoparticles, chiral structures, encapsulated liquids and also as non-woven RAM and polymers with own electroconductive have been analysed. Conclusion. RAM based on polymer composite thermoplastics and EMS are highly effective means for solving the problems of electromagnetic ecology.

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49

Kubanov, V. P., V. A. Ruzhnikov, and M. Y. Spodobaev. "Electrodynamic model of electromagnetic fields radiation of conical horn antenna for purposes of electromagnetic safety." Infokommunikacionnye tehnologii 15, no. 1 (March 2017): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18469/ikt.2017.15.1.13.

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50

Adamenko, Yaroslav, Mirela Coman, and Tamara Kundelska. "ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF IVANO-FRANKIVSK URBAN SYSTEM ACCORDING TO ACOUSTICAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC LOAD FACTORS." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 31, no. 2 (2017): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2017.2.04.

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The article outlines the directions of the ecological safety formation on the territory of IvanoFrankivsk urban system according to acoustic and electromagnetic load factors. In order to provide an acoustically comfortable environment for inhabitants of the urban system the authors solved the following tasks: measurements of the equivalent sound level along the highways and near the residential buildings close to the roads were made; special attention was paid to the public transport stops where the audio-boxes of the "Street Radio " are located. In general, an equivalent sound level Leqv was measured at 165 points within the territory of Ivano-Frankivsk urban system. According to the research results separate zones (streets) with the greatest acoustic discomfort within the city were allocated, profiles of acoustic load distribution along main streets were built, taking into account the equivalent sound level in the green zones of the city which are located nearby. Using the software program Surfer a noise map for the territory of Ivano-Frankivsk was built. To ensure a comfortable living environment within the urban system according to the factor of electromagnetic load the following tasks were solved: isotropic measurements of the electromagnetic field components at 122 points of the test-ground were carried out. At each point in terms of maximum and average values the following parameters were measured: electric field strength (E, V/m); magnetic field strength (H, mA/m); surface energy flux density (W, mkW/cm2). Base cellular network stations were recorded, their contribution to the electromagnetic situation of the city was described. The maps of technogenic electromagnetic pollution were built with the help of the program Surfer for the spatial analysis of changes in the electromagnetic field levels within the urban system. Spline interpolation method was used to build the maps. Moreover, measurements of 5 basic test objects of the urban system were carried out, which are the most vulnerable to the electromagnetic field influence. According to the research results the schematic images of the electromagnetic field distribution inside the objects were built. The most sensitive zones within the test objects were determined. Thus, according to the analysis of the conducted research favorable zones for comfortable and safe residence in Ivano-Frankivsk urban system according to the factors of noise and electromagnetic pollution were determined.

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