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Статті в журналах з теми "Electrodynamic loudspeakers"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 26 жовтня 2023

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1

Ravaud, Romain, Guy Lemarquand, Valérie Lemarquand, and Tangi Roussel. "Ranking of the Nonlinearities of Electrodynamic Loudspeakers." Archives of Acoustics 35, no. 1 (February 26, 2010): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10168-010-0004-6.

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AbstractThe aim of this paper is to present a way of ranking the nonlinearities of electrodynamic loudspeakers. For this purpose, we have constructed a nonlinear analytic model which takes into account the variations of the small signal parameters. The determination of these variations is based on a very precise measurement of the electrical impedance of the electrodynamic loudspeaker. First, we present the experimental method to identify the variations of these parameters, then we propose to study theoretically the importance of these nonlinearities according to the input level or the input frequency. We show that the parameter which creates most of the distortions is not always the same and depends mainly on both the input level and the input frequency. Such results can be very useful for optimization of electrodynamic loudspeakers.

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2

Mayrhofer, Dominik, and Manfred Kaltenbacher. "Investigation of a new method for sound generation – Advanced Digital Sound Reconstruction." e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik 138, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00502-021-00876-3.

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AbstractThe current loudspeaker market has a high demand for portable audio devices. Hence, the miniaturization of loudspeakers (microspeakers) is of great importance for manufacturers. Traditional loudspeakers – for example the electrodynamic loudspeaker – are the forerunners, but so-called MEMS loudspeakers (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System) have emerged recently. MEMS devices have already been used for sensors (i.e., microphones) to a great extend due to their advantages regarding form factor and production efficiency. Albeit additional challenges for actuators like moving enough air with a microstructure – as it is the case for a loudspeaker – the usage of MEMS technology for loudspeakers is very attractive.Since especially low-frequency audio signals often pose problems for microspeakers, this article focuses on a new sound generation technique called Advanced Digital Sound Reconstruction (ADSR) which is especially well-suited for low-frequency audio signals since ADSR can generate more volume displacement relative to its size. Based on a general description of the principle, an outlook of the possibilities regarding achievable sound pressure compared to the classical excitation scheme is derived. Furthermore, measurements are presented, which aim to prove the concept of ADSR based on already existing actuators.

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3

Steere, John F. "Acoustically enhanced electrodynamic loudspeakers." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121, no. 5 (2007): 2481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2739140.

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4

Kaltenbacher, M., M. Rausch, H. Landes, and R. Lerch. "Numerical modelling of electrodynamic loudspeakers." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 18, no. 3 (September 1999): 504–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321649910275189.

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5

Erza, Mehran, Etienne Gaviot, Guy Lemarquand, Pascal Tournier, Lionel Camberlein, Stephane Durand, and Frederic Polet. "A Versatile Model of Nonlinear Electrodynamic Loudspeaker Co-Operating with the Amplifier Designed by Way of Advanced Software." Archives of Acoustics 39, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2014-0006.

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Abstract Sound processing with loudspeaker driving depends critically on high quality electroacoustic transducers together with their relevant amplifiers. In this paper, the nonlinear effects of electrodynamic loudspeakers are investigated as regard the influence of the changes of their main descriptive parameters values. Indeed, while being operated nonlinear effects observed with loudspeakers are due to changes of such constitutive parameters. Regarding either current or voltage-drive, an original model based on Simulink R is presented, taking account of all the electrical and mechanical properties closely associated with nonlinear behaviours. Moreover, as such a Simulink R model may be combined with the PSpice R advanced software, the behaviour of both loudspeaker and amplifier can be exhaustively investigated and optimized. To this end, the amplifier is simulated thanks to the Orcad-Capture-PSpiceR software prior to match with the loudspeaker model with the so-called SLPS co-simulator. Then, values of the current flowing through the loudspeaker can be determined and plotted considering voltage controlling. Obviously in this case current-drive has not to be assessed. This way to proceed allows us to highlight any critical information especially due to the voice coil displacement, yielded velocity, and acceleration of the diaphragm. Indeed our approach testifies to the imperative necessity of mechanical measurements together with electrical ones. Then, considering a given amplifier-loudspeaker association with specific parameters changes of the latter, the entailed nonlinear distortion allows us to qualify and criticize the whole design. Such an original approach should be most valuable so as to match the best fitted amplifier with a given electrodynamic loudspeaker. Then non linear effects due to voltage and current-drive are compared highlighting the advantages of an apt currentcontroled policy.

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6

Cai, Yinshan, Longlei Dong, and Yanxin Zhou. "A narrowband active noise control algorithm considering the harmonic distortion of the loudspeaker." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (December 10, 2020): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209326.

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Анотація:

Electrodynamic loudspeakers are the main actuators of the active noise control system, and their harmonic distortion has a detrimental effect on the noise reduction of the system. To improve the performance, this paper proposes a novel narrowband active noise control algorithm with compensating the nonlinearity of the loudspeaker. In the proposed algorithm, the parameters of the controller are obtained by iteration through the filtered-x least mean square algorithm. Meanwhile, they are adjusted in real-time by establishing the online inverse model of the loudspeaker using the Volterra expansion. The simulation experiments for the typical loudspeaker model show that the proposed algorithm can dramatically improve noise reduction compared to the conventional algorithm.

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7

Lemarquand, G., R. Ravaud, I. Shahosseini, V. Lemarquand, J. Moulin, and E. Lefeuvre. "MEMS electrodynamic loudspeakers for mobile phones." Applied Acoustics 73, no. 4 (April 2012): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2011.10.013.

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8

Lemarquand, V., G. Lemarquand, E. Lefeuvre, I. Shahosseini, R. Ravaud, J. Moulin, M. Woytasik, E. Martinsic, and G. Pillonnet. "Electrodynamic MEMS: Application to Mobile Phone Loudspeakers." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 48, no. 11 (November 2012): 3684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2012.2203798.

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9

Evreinov, E. Grigori, and V. Alexander Agranovski. "Modification of electrodynamic loudspeakers for 3‐D spatialization." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (February 1999): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426308.

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10

Ravaud, R., G. Lemarquand, and T. Roussel. "Time-varying non linear modeling of electrodynamic loudspeakers." Applied Acoustics 70, no. 3 (March 2009): 450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2008.05.009.

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11

Erza, Mehran, Guy Lemarquand, and Valerie Lemarquand. "Distortion in Electrodynamic Loudspeakers Caused by Force Factor Variations." Archives of Acoustics 36, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 873–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10168-011-0058-0.

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Анотація:

Abstract The non linearities in the motor of an electrodynamic loudspeaker are still a discussed topic. This paper studies the influence of the force factor variation with the coil displacement on the harmonic and inter-modulation distortions. The real variation is described at least by a linear and a quadratic term. The effect of each term is studied separately, as they don't influence the same kind of frequencies, harmonics or inter-modulation. Both terms considered together result in enhanced effects. The dissymmetry of the Bl variation with regard to the coil centered position has also peculiar effects. This paper presents the method developed to calculate the power of each harmonic and inter-modulation frequency. This allows to compare the obtained values and thus the induced nonlinearities.

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12

Rausch, Martin, Reinhard Lerch, Manfred Kaltenbacher, Hermann Landes, Gerhard Krump, and Leonhard Kreitmeier. "Designing electrodynamic loudspeakers by using a new computer modeling scheme." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105, no. 2 (February 1999): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426147.

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13

Peng, Xiuyuan, Junfei Li, and Steven Cummer. "Enhancing low frequency sound radiation of electrodynamic loudspeakers with acoustic metamaterials." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 4 (April 2022): A179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011024.

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Анотація:

Since the radiation resistance of a vibrating membrane in the air is proportional to frequency in the subwavelength range, low frequency (<100Hz) sound radiating devices generally require a large vibrating diaphragm and a bulky enclosure to be efficient and loud enough for practical use. The tapped horn topology, where the front radiation of an electrodynamic driver adds up with the back radiation after propagating through the internal volume of a speaker box, has been widely used in custom audio to provide low-frequency enhancement to the bass unit. Recently, people have demonstrated the application of acoustic metamaterials based on multiple Helmholtz resonators (HRs) in sound absorption, sound insulation, directivity control, impedance matching, etc. In this presentation, we show that by branching the sound path of a tapped horn speaker box with multiple Helmholtz resonators and fine-tuning the geometry of each individual element, we can produce high and relatively constant sound pressure levels at sub-wavelength frequencies, making our methodology a good candidate for compact subwoofer design. Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to bring forth optimal performance within the geometric framework. Both transfer matrix method and numerical simulation are employed to derive the sound output of a particular subwoofer.

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14

Lerch, Reinhard, Manfred Kaltenbacher, and Martin Meiler. "Virtual Prototyping of Electrodynamic Loudspeakers by Utilizing a Finite Element Method." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (May 2008): 3643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2934911.

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15

Noh, Jung Uk, Seok-jin Lee, Mingu Lee, and Koeng-Mo Sung. "Optimizing the sound pressure levels at low frequency limits of electrodynamic loudspeakers." IEICE Electronics Express 6, no. 10 (2009): 594–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/elex.6.594.

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16

Peng, Xiuyuan, Junfei Li, and Steven Cummer. "Highly-efficiency low-frequency acoustic energy harvesting with PDMS-modified loudspeakers." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (March 1, 2023): A165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018529.

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Анотація:

Noise is everywhere in our lives. Low-frequency noise in particular has a conspicuous if not disturbing presence since thicker materials are required to absorb or block it. Meanwhile, the very ubiquitousness of noise in our environment makes it a good candidate as a potential power source for micro-devices. Here we present an acoustic energy harvester (AEH) capable of achieving 99% sound absorption coefficient and 67% of energy conversion ratio at 58 Hz, with a fractional bandwidth of more than 34 %. The peak power conversion efficiency is nearly three times the previous state of the art. The harvester is made from an electrodynamic loudspeaker driver retrofitted with a custom-made PDMS surround for lower mechanical loss on the diaphragm. The low cost (<$50) makes our AEH suitable for large-scale deployment.

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17

Gaviot, Etienne, and et al. "A Versatile Analytical Approach for Assessing Harmonic Distortion in Current-Driven Electrodynamic Loudspeakers." Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 62, no. 3 (March 20, 2014): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17743/jaes.2014.0011.

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18

Cobianchi, Mattia, and Christopher Spear. "Modelling and visualization of surround buckling in electrodynamic audio transducers." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 265, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 6058–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2022_0904.

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Анотація:

The surround (or front-suspension) of electrodynamic transducers typically used in loudspeakers and headphones is a device that provides the axial restoring force for the diaphragm movement and restrains the lateral and tilting movements. A non-linear phenomenon typical of surrounds is pressure-induced buckling, a sudden change in the shape of the surround under load. The question addressed by this paper is how to predict the conditions under which a surround will buckle, and how to measure and visualize it in physical prototypes. The modelling methodology was based on structural finite-element analysis, while the measurement of transducer displacement and video recording with a high-speed camera allowed the experimental verification. This methodology has been applied and tested on semi-circular rubber surrounds. The impact of working temperature and manufacturing tolerances are also discussed. It was found that it's possible to predict the pressure threshold triggering a specific buckling mode within a 10% error. Full 3D modelling is advisable to assess the buckling pressure of non-axisymmetric modes common in real transducers. At the same time, 2D modelling has been proven enough for the evaluation of the worst-case scenario / lowest buckling pressure.

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19

Sugibayashi, Yutaro, Sota Kurimoto, Daisuke Ikefuji, Masanori Morise, and Takanobu Nishiura. "Three-dimensional acoustic sound field reproduction based on hybrid combination of multiple parametric loudspeakers and electrodynamic subwoofer." Applied Acoustics 73, no. 12 (December 2012): 1282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2012.03.009.

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20

Iwai, Kenta, and Yoshinobu Kajikawa. "Modified 2nd-order nonlinear infinite impulse response (IIR) filter for compensating sharpness and nonlinear distortions of electrodynamic loudspeakers." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 140, no. 4 (October 2016): 3058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4969508.

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21

Zwicky, Paul, and Roger Schultheiss. "Electrodynamic loudspeaker." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 93, no. 5 (May 1993): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.405747.

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22

Volkov, Denys, Artem Zubkov, and Vitalii Didkovskyi. "Genetic algorithm application for electrodynamic transducer model identification." ScienceRise, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2021.002008.

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Анотація:

Research object: the adaptation and application of the genetic algorithm for electrodynamic transducer model parameters identification. Investigated problem: to formulate loudspeaker identification task as an optimization problem, adapt it to the genetic algorithm framework and compare obtained results with classical identification method using added mass. Main scientific results: the complete genetic algorithm loudspeaker identification procedure is presented, including: – data acquisition scheme, where the directly measured values for the algorithm application are: voltage at loudspeaker terminals, current through the voice coil and displacement of the moving part – selection of an appropriate set of genes of an individual – derivation of the fitness function for assessing the quality of the identified parameters, which can also be used to identify other types of electroacoustic transducers Also, the advantages of this method in comparison with the classical method of identification using added mass are considered, that are its versatility and ability to quickly configure and adapt for research and experimentation with different loudspeaker models and different types of transducers used in acoustics. Area of practical use of the research results: the proposed genetic loudspeaker model identification scheme can be directly applied on practice to speed up research and development tasks in electroacoustics and other related fields that require frequent experimentation with different types of transducer models. Innovative technological product: genetic algorithm based loudspeaker identification scheme that can be applied to identify various model of electrodynamic transducers. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: electroacoustics, loudspeaker design, audio systems

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23

Šoltés, Martin, and Milan Červenka. "ELECTRODYNAMIC LOUDSPEAKER-DRIVEN ACOUSTIC COMPRESSOR." Acta Polytechnica 55, no. 5 (October 31, 2015): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2015.55.0342.

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<p>An acoustic compressor is built using the acoustic resonator which shape was optimized for a maximum acoustic pressure amplitude and a low-cost compression driver. Acoustic compressor is built by installing a suction port in the resonator wall where the standing wave has its pressure node and a delivery port with a valve in the resonator wall where the standing wave has its pressure anti-node. Different reeds, serving as delivery valves, are tested and their performance is investigated. It was shown that the performance of such simple compressor is comparable, or better, than the acoustic compressors built previously by other researchers using non-optimally shaped resonators with more sophisticated driving mechanisms and valve arrangements.</p>

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24

Wijnker, Eddy L. I. "Electrodynamic loudspeaker with cooling arrangement." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 99, no. 3 (1996): 1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414738.

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25

Codnia, Basilio. "Full range convex electrodynamic loudspeaker." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 101, no. 4 (April 1997): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.418092.

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26

Haas, Rainer J. "Electrodynamic loudspeaker having omnidirectional sound emission." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, no. 2 (August 1988): 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.396729.

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27

Djurek, Ivan, Danijel Djurek, and Antonio Petosic. "Chaotic State in an Electrodynamic Loudspeaker." Acta Acustica united with Acustica 94, no. 4 (July 1, 2008): 629–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3813/aaa.918072.

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28

Milot, Gilles, and Francois Malbos. "Moving-coil electrodynamic motor for a loudspeaker, loudspeaker, and pole piece." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 3 (2008): 1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2901312.

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29

Padi, Gyula. "Electrodynamic loudspeaker with electromagnetic impedance sensor coil." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 94, no. 3 (September 1993): 1755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.408100.

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30

Pollet, Ferdinand, and Jean Julia. "Electrodynamic‐fluidic transducer element for pneumatic loudspeaker." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 6 (June 1994): 3683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409908.

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31

Merit, B., M. Remy, G. Lemarquand, and V. Lemarquand. "Enhanced construction of the direct radiator electrodynamic loudspeaker." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 34, no. 1-2 (October 26, 2010): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-2010-1086.

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32

Klein, Siegfried. "Electrodynamic loudspeaker for low and medium sound frequencies." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 77, no. 3 (March 1985): 1291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.392095.

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33

Furihata, Kenji, Atsushi Hayama, David K. Asano, and Takesaburo Yanagisawa. "Acoustic characteristics of an electrodynamic planar digital loudspeaker." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114, no. 1 (July 2003): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1579004.

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34

Guoqing, Miao, Ni Wansun, Tao Qintian, Zhang Zhiliang, and Wei Rongjue. "Bifurcation, chaos and hysteresis in electrodynamic cone loudspeaker." Chinese Physics Letters 7, no. 2 (February 1990): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/7/2/006.

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35

Petosic, Antonio, Ivan Djurek, and Djurek Danijel. "A route to chaotic state on an electrodynamic loudspeaker." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no. 5 (May 2008): 3696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2935091.

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36

Feng, ZiXin, Yong Shen, Wei Heng, and YunFeng Liu. "Nonlinear behavior of electrodynamic loudspeaker suspension at low frequencies." Science China Physics, Mechanics and Astronomy 56, no. 7 (May 23, 2013): 1361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11433-013-5112-7.

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37

Djurek, Ivan, Antonio Petosic, and Danijel Djurek. "Chaotic state in an electrodynamic loudspeaker controlled by gas pressure." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121, no. 5 (May 2007): 3176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4782318.

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38

Shul'man, Z. P., V. I. Korodonskii, B. M. Khusid, G. K. Voronovich, S. A. Demchik, and V. A. Kuz'min. "Amplitude-frequency characteristics of an electrodynamic loudspeaker with magnetorheologic suspension." Journal of Engineering Physics 53, no. 6 (December 1987): 1424–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00870163.

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39

Peiqing, Tong, Miao Gaoqing, Ni Wansun, and Wei Rongjue. "Lyapunov Exponents and General Dimensions of Strange Attractor of Electrodynamic Cone Loudspeaker." Chinese Physics Letters 8, no. 9 (September 1991): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/8/9/002.

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40

Hayama, Atsushi, Kenji Furihata, David K. Asano, and Takesaburo Yanagisawa. "Acoustic characteristics of an electrodynamic planar digital loudspeaker using noise shaping technology." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 117, no. 6 (June 2005): 3636–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1887025.

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41

Rodionova, Elena Yurievna. "A comparative characterization of recording devices for vibration signals on the example of <i>Heterocerus fenestratus</i> (Thunberg, 1784) (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae)." Samara Journal of Science 12, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023121117.

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Анотація:

Works on vibration communication for Orthoptera and Hemiptera are widely known in Russian literature. Basically, the piezoelectric adapter GZK-661 or the electromagnetic transducer GZM-105 are used for recording this communication. The use of these devices does not give satisfactory results when recording insects smaller than 1 cm. In this paper we consider a comparative characteristic of recording devices based on the piezoelectric transducer GZK-661, electromagnetic transducer GZM-105 and electrodynamic head eas15s02m when recording vibration communication of near-water rigid-winged Heterocerus fenestratus (Thunberg, 1784) (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae). A comparative analysis of the efficiency of the three transducers considered in this paper shows that the transducer based on the electrodynamic loudspeaker head used as a signal source (reverse mode of operation) has the best characteristics. In addition, the shielded magnetic system of the dynamic head provides high magnetic induction in the working gap and insensitivity to inductions from external electromagnetic fields. 176 stress signals were recorded for males and 189 for females. The range of dominant frequencies ranged from 857,29 to 1002,01 Hz for males and from 898,04 to 1189,12 Hz for females.

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42

Kadowaki, Yusuke, and Toshiya Samejima. "Nonlinear distortion reduction of an electrodynamic loudspeaker by using model-following control theory." Acoustical Science and Technology 38, no. 4 (2017): 222–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1250/ast.38.222.

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43

Pereira, Mateus de Freitas Virgilio, Alexander Mattioli Pasqual, and Guilherme de Souza Papini. "Numerical and theoretical analysis of sound absorption by an actively controlled electrodynamic loudspeaker." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 39, no. 1 (March 25, 2016): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-016-0526-6.

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44

Sergeev, Stanislav, Thomas Humbert, Hervé Lissek, and Yves Aurégan. "Corona discharge actuator as an active sound absorber under normal and oblique incidence." Acta Acustica 6 (2022): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2022001.

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Анотація:

In the majority of active sound absorbing systems, a conventional electrodynamic loudspeaker is used as a controlled source. However, particular situations may require an actuator that is more resistant to harsh environments, adjustable in shape, and lighter. In this work, a plasma-based electroacoustic actuator operating on the atmospheric corona discharge principle is used to achieve sound absorption in real-time. Two control strategies are introduced and tested for both normal in the impedance tube and grazing incidence in the flow duct. The performance of plasma-based active absorber is competitive with conventional passive technologies in terms of effective absorption bandwidth and low-frequency operation, however, it presents some inherent limitations that are discussed. The study reveals that the corona discharge technology is suitable for active noise control in ducts while offering flexibility in design, compactness, and versatility of the absorption frequency range.

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45

Falaize, Antoine, and Thomas Hélie. "Passive modelling of the electrodynamic loudspeaker: from the Thiele–Small model to nonlinear port-Hamiltonian systems." Acta Acustica 4, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2019001.

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Анотація:

The electrodynamic loudspeaker couples mechanical, magnetic, electric and thermodynamic phenomena. The Thiele/Small (TS) model provides a low frequency approximation, combining passive linear (multiphysical or electric-equivalent) components. This is commonly used by manufacturers as a reference to specify basic parameters and characteristic transfer functions. This paper presents more refined nonlinear models of electric, magnetic and mechanical phenomena, for which fundamental properties such as passivity and causality are guaranteed. More precisely, multiphysical models of the driver are formulated in the core class of port-Hamiltonian systems (PHS), which satisfies a power balance decomposed into conservative, dissipative and source parts. First, the TS model is reformulated as a linear PHS. Then, refinements are introduced, step-by-step, benefiting from the component-based approach allowed by the PHS formalism. Guaranteed-passive simulations are proposed, based on a numerical scheme that preserves the power balance. Numerical experiments that qualitatively comply with measured behaviors available in the literature are presented throughout the paper.

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46

Mundorf, Raimund. "MEMBRANE OR MEMBRANE CONFIGURATION FOR AN ELECTRODYNAMIC SOUND TRANSDUCER, AND LOUDSPEAKER COMPRISING SUCH A MEMBRANE OR MEMBRANE CONFIGURATION." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 3 (2013): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4795036.

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47

Iwai, Kenta, and Yoshinobu Kajikawa. "Modified second-order nonlinear infinite impulse response (IIR) filter for equalizing frequency response and compensating nonlinear distortions of electrodynamic loudspeaker." Applied Acoustics 132 (March 2018): 202–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.11.014.

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48

Peng, Xiuyuan, Junfei Li, and Steven A. Cummer. "Ultra-broadband low-frequency high-efficiency acoustic energy harvesting with metamaterial-enhanced loudspeakers." Applied Physics Letters 123, no. 7 (August 14, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0158079.

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Анотація:

Acoustic energy harvesters (AEHs) open up opportunities to recycle noise waste and generate electricity. They provide potential power solutions to a wide range of sensors. However, the practicality of AEHs has long been limited by their narrow bandwidths and low efficiencies. In this study, we present an ultra-broadband AEH and a highly efficient AEH that transforms sound energy into usable electrical power. Our broadband device comprises an electrodynamic loudspeaker driver and an optimized acoustic metamaterial matching layer and is capable of converting 7.6% to 15.1% of total incident sound energy from 50 to 228 Hz. Moreover, we demonstrate that by replacing the loudspeaker surround with a lower-loss material such as PDMS, the energy conversion rate can be significantly increased to 67%. The proposed broadband AEH has a fractional bandwidth eight times the state-of-the-art, while the proposed highly efficient AEH has a peak efficiency three times the state-of-the-art. The outstanding performance makes our designs cost-effective and scalable solutions for noise reduction and power generation.

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49

Podlesny, Sergey. "MODELING OF DYNAMICS OF ELECTRODYNAMIC SPEAKER." InterConf, January 23, 2022, 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.01.2022.083.

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Анотація:

This article discusses an electromechanical system in the form of an electrodynamic loudspeaker. To describe the dynamics of a loudspeaker, a finite-dimensional model with a given number of a finite number of independent mechanical and electrical parameters is used. Using the electromechanical analogy force - voltage and using the Lagrange-Maxwell equations, a closed system of two nonlinear differential equations of the second order of motion of the system is compiled. Using modern advances in computer technology, a number of numerical experiments were performed in the Mathcad system with varying values of the input parameters of the system, such as the mass of the moving coil, inductance, ohmic resistance, and graphs of the time variation of the coil movement and current strength were plotted. Phase portraits were also built. The movement of the system has the character of damped oscillations, and the phase portraits have a stable focus. The influence of the varied parameters on the period of damped oscillations and the transition of the system to the state of equilibrium is shown. The study was carried out for a nonlinear model without the use of asymptotic methods, which made it possible to exclude the methodological error of the solution. The model can exhibit complex dynamics. Having a mathematical model and a calculation program, it is possible to carry out further studies of the system under consideration, identifying the positions of stable and unstable equilibrium, modes of self-oscillations, defining areas of periodic and chaotic modes of different nature. The results obtained can be used in the development of technical devices capable of demonstrating complex behavior. Methodologically, the proposed material is interesting for undergraduate and graduate students specializing in electromechanics, in terms of teaching the principles of constructing and analyzing electromechanical systems.

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50

Volkov, Denys, and Vitaliy Didkovskyi. "IDENTIFICATION OF THE ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE OF AN IMMOBILIZED TRANSDUCER AND THE MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE OF AN ELECTRODYNAMIC LOUDSPEAKER USING AUTOMATIC FIT OF THE FORCE FACTOR BL." Akustika, VOLUME 42 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.36336/akustika20224223.

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Анотація:

This paper describes a method for determining mechanical and electrical impedances of an electrodynamic transducer based on the automatic brute-force search of the force factor Bl. Also, the way of identifying electrical apparent resistance and apparent inductance of the voice coil is shown as an example of deeper loudspeaker analysis that proposed method allows to achieve. The measured signals are voltage on speaker terminals, voice coil current and membrane displacement. Measuring displacement in addition to voltage and current allows to completely separate transducer mechanical subsystem from electrical and apply various known modeling approaches to them separately.

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