Статті в журналах з теми "Electric capacitance non-destructive control"
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1
Mustafa, Ehtasham, Ramy S. A. Afia, Oumaima Nouini, and Zoltán Ádám Tamus. "Implementation of Non-Destructive Electrical Condition Monitoring Techniques on Low-Voltage Nuclear Cables: I. Irradiation Aging of EPR/CSPE Cables." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 20, 2021): 5139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165139.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In a nuclear power plant environment, low-voltage cables experience different stresses during their service life which challenge their integrity. A non-destructive and reliable condition monitoring technique is desired to determine the state of these low-voltage cables during service and for the life extension of nuclear power plants. Hence, in this research work, an EPR/CSPE-based low-voltage cable was exposed to γ-rays for five different absorbed doses. The overall behavior of the cable under stress was characterized by frequency and time domain electrical measurements (capacitance, tan δ, and Extended Voltage Response) and a mechanical measurement (elongation at break). Significant variations in the electrical parameters were observed, as was a decline in the elongation at break values. A strong correlation between the measurement methods was observed, showing the ability of the electrical methods to be adopted as a non-destructive condition monitoring technique.
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Lee, Gayoung, Jaehun Jeong, Yeeun Kim, Dahyun Kang, Sooyong Shin, Jongwon Lee, Sung Ho Jeon, and Moongyu Jang. "Growth and Drug Interaction Monitoring of NIH 3T3 Cells by Image Analysis and Capacitive Biosensor." Micromachines 12, no. 10 (October 14, 2021): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12101248.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Capacitive biosensors are manufactured on glass slides using the semiconductor process to monitor cell growth and cell–drug interactions in real time. Capacitance signals are continuously monitored for each 10 min interval during a 48 h period, with the variations of frequency from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The capacitance values showed a gradual increase with the increase in NIH 3T3 cell numbers. After 48 h of growth, 6.67 μg/mL puromycin is injected for the monitoring of the cell–drug interaction. The capacitance values rapidly increased during a period of about 10 h, reflecting the rapid increase in the cell numbers. In this study, we monitored the state of cells and the cell–drug interactions using the developed capacitive biosensor. Additionally, we monitored the state of cell behavior using a JuLiTM Br&FL microscope. The monitoring of cell state by means of a capacitive biosensor is more sensitive than confluence measuring using a JuLiTM Br&FL microscope image. The developed capacitive biosensor could be applied in a wide range of bio-medical areas; for example, non-destructive real-time cell growth and cell–drug interaction monitoring.
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Vilitis, O., M. Rutkis, J. Busenberg, and D. Merkulov. "Determination of Contact Potential Difference by the Kelvin Probe (Part I) I. Basic Principles of Measurements." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 53, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lpts-2016-0013.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Determination of electric potential difference using the Kelvin probe, i.e. vibrating capacitor technique, is one of the most sensitive measuring procedures in surface physics. Periodic modulation of distance between electrodes leads to changes in capacitance, thereby causing current to flow through the external circuit. The procedure of contactless, non-destructive determination of contact potential difference between an electrically conductive vibrating reference electrode and an electrically conductive sample is based on precise control measurement of Kelvin current flowing through a capacitor. The present research is devoted to creation of a new low-cost miniaturised measurement system to determine potential difference in real time and at high measurement resolution. Furthermore, using the electrode of a reference probe, the Kelvin method leads to both the indirect measurement of an electronic work function, or a contact potential of sample, and of a surface potential for insulator type samples. In the article, the first part of the research, i.e., the basic principles and prerequisites for establishment of such a measurement system are considered.
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Zhang, Hao, Shupeng Chen, Hongxia Liu, Shulong Wang, Dong Wang, Xiaoyang Fan, Chen Chong, Chenyu Yin, and Tianzhi Gao. "Polarization Gradient Effect of Negative Capacitance LTFET." Micromachines 13, no. 3 (February 22, 2022): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13030344.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In this paper, an L-shaped tunneling field effect transistor (LTFET) with ferroelectric gate oxide layer (Si: HfO2) is proposed. The electric characteristic of NC-LTFET is analyzed using Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD. Compared with the conventional LTFET, a steeper subthreshold swing (SS = 18.4 mV/dec) of NC-LTFET is obtained by the mechanism of line tunneling at low gate voltage instead of diagonal tunneling, which is caused by the non-uniform voltage across the gate oxide layer. In addition, we report the polarization gradient effect in a negative capacitance TFET for the first time. It is noted that the polarization gradient effect should not be ignored in TFET. When the polarization gradient parameter g grows larger, the dominant tunneling mechanism that affects the SS is the diagonal tunneling. The on-state current (Ion) and SS of NC-LTFET become worse.
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Luo, Bing, Tingting Wang, Fuzeng Zhang, Yibin Lin, Chaozhi Zheng, and She Chen. "Interdigital Capacitive Sensor for Cable Insulation Defect Detection: Three-Dimensional Modeling, Design, and Experimental Test." Journal of Sensors 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8859742.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Due to excellent electrical and mechanical properties, cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables are widely used in power systems. Poor manufacturing techniques in the production and installation of cable joints will cause insulation defects. The interdigital capacitive (IDC) sensor has advantages of simple structure and non-contact with the center conductor and shows great potential for online monitoring on XLPE cables. This paper focuses on the 3D modeling of a fully covered IDC sensor for cable insulation detection. Firstly, a 3D finite element model of the sensor is built, and the electric field distributions are compared with those of the partially covered sensor. For the sensor with more electrode pairs, the sensitivity increases with the sensor length and tends to saturate at the length of 5 cm, while the sensitivity remains constant for the sensor with fewer electrode pairs. Then, the differences between 3D and 2D results are discussed and the sensor parameters are optimized to reduce the influence of the fringe capacitance. The simulation results indicate that air gaps between the sensor and XLPE cable are the main reason of the difference between simulation and experiment. When the electrode width is equal to the gap width, the effects of both the fringing electric field and air gaps are relatively small. Finally, several types of sensors are made and used to detect the cable joint with and without the stress cone dislocation under different excitation voltage frequency. The results show that the measured capacitance decreases with frequency and the capacitance of the cable joint with the defects is smaller than that of the normal cable joint.
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Dionne, Eric R., Fadwa Ben Amara, and Antonella Badia. "An electrochemical immittance analysis of the dielectric properties of self-assembled monolayers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 98, no. 9 (September 2020): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2020-0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The ability of organic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to act as insulating barriers to electron transfer, ion transport, or molecular diffusion is critical to their application in a variety of technologies. The use of appropriate analytical tools to characterize the dielectric properties of these molecular thin films is important for the control of structural defects and establishing structure–property relations. In this context, we analyze the ionic permeability and dielectric response of SAMs formed from a homologous series of n-alkanethiolates (CH3(CH2)nS, where n = 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19) on gold using the immittance quantities of the complex impedance, capacitance, and permittivity available from the same electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement. The most sensitive parameters and frequency range for characterizing the capacitive behavior and assessing the ion-blocking quality of the SAMs under non-Faradaic conditions are identified. We also investigate the effect of chain length on the interfacial capacitance and dielectric constant of ionic insulating SAMs. The advantages of the capacitance quantity and related permittivity data over traditional impedance representations and equivalent electric circuit modeling are discussed.
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Jagtap, Sarika Madhukar, and Vitthal Janardan Gond. "Modeling of 7 Nano Meter Fin Field Effect Transistor for Evaluation of Fringe & Oxide Capacitance." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 2051. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.2051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Fin-FET are insusceptible to short channel effects punch through, threshold voltage, leakage current but their concerts at high frequencies are conceded due to durable fringing field between gate and source with drain area. Because of high-technology progression, the gate construction of MOSFET has been upgraded from planar to nonplanar with an enrichment in the number of monitoring gates multiple gates on 3 sides. In this paper we mention Fin-FET assembly for high frequency applications.
MOS-FET plays very energetic role but scaling of device affected on performance parameters like speed and power. Fin-FET is non planar novel device to solve the short channel effects which occurs due to scaling. Non-planar structure of Fin-FET parasitic capacitances like gate oxide overlap and fringe capacitance makes adverse effect like lower switching speed of device, making result on delay ion and ioff of device. In this paper we planned Fin-FET design procedure to measure oxide and fringe capacitance with low k dielectric spacer thickness and increase ion to recover device driving ability. Effect on threshold voltage having observed with low k spacer at least count of 0.051 V. By using 4.65 eV metal gate work function with front, top and back gate we control leakage current and threshold voltage. Seven nano meter gate length Fin-FET is design We measured oxide capacitance of 0.464 F for 19.28 GHz and fringe capacitance (69.66 nf) for 4.88 GHz frequency by designing the Fin-FET with high-K SOI MOSFETs which support 11.4 nA leakage current to improve the speed of the processor.
In this research work, design topologies of Single Finger Fin Filed Effect Transistors are discussed and evaluate the probable result of fringe and parasitic capacitance from fringing area on the device. By using geometry of device like fin width, height, thickness and multiple fingers we measure the fringe capacitance and oxide capacitance of designed Fin-FET.
HIGHLIGHTS
In this Paper, we focus on fundamentals of novel device Fin-FET its working construction & design based on geometry parameter & capacitance measurement by designing model of 7 nm gate length
In this work, we focus on how Fin-FET helps to reduce short channel effect by possessions of geometry parameters like gate length and Fin thickness & progress the performance of the nanoscale device
From the simulation results we observe lowering of drain induced barrier lowering, subthreshold slope and leakage current, whereas threshold voltages rise
From the observation, SCE has been attributed to the distribution of the junction electric fields into the channel region, producing lower DIBL which decreases VTH
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Tsubota, Toshiki, Shion Tsuchiya, Tatsuya Kusumoto, and Dimitrios Kalderis. "Assessment of Biochar Produced by Flame-Curtain Pyrolysis as a Precursor for the Development of an Efficient Electric Double-Layer Capacitor." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 16, 2021): 7671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227671.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Pine tree biochar produced by flame-curtain pyrolysis, an inexpensive and simple pyrolysis methodology, was used as the starting material for KOH-activated carbon. Flame-curtain pyrolysis is a simple, low-technology methodology that can be performed by non-specialized personnel. The elemental analysis of the biochars highlighted the high reproducibility of the process. The N2 adsorption isotherms indicated that KOH activation was effective for the preparation of high-surface-area activated carbons from the biochar. The BET specific surface area increased with the quantity of KOH added in the activation process, achieving a maximum value of 3014 m2 g−1 at 85.7 wt.% of KOH addition. The adsorption isotherms of all samples were IUPAC type I, establishing their microporous nature. Results from the Mikhail–Brunauer (MP) method and αs plot indicated that the pore size distribution became wider and the pore volume increased as the KOH content increased. The measured capacitance values followed the same dependence on KOH content. The maximum capacitance value at 1 mV s−1 was determined as 200.6 F g−1 for the sample prepared at 75 wt.% of KOH addition. Therefore, pine tree biochar prepared by simple pyrolysis equipment is a suitable precursor for the development of an electric double-layer capacitor.
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Rasheed, Mohammed Sarvar, Mustufa H. Abidi, Abdulaziz M. El-Tamimi, and A. M. Al-Ahmari. "Investigation of Micro-EDM Input Parameters on Various Outputs in Machining Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy Using Full Factorial Design." Advanced Materials Research 816-817 (September 2013): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.816-817.173.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Micro Electric Discharge Machining (μ-EDM) is a non-traditional machining process which is used for drilling micro holes in a high strength-to-weight ratio advanced engineering materials like shape memory alloys that have many applications in the field of aerospace and medical sciences. However, in order to achieve the desired output responses the process control parameters of the machine have to be set at an optimal setting. In this research work, an investigation has been made to study the influence of the input parameters (such as capacitance, discharge voltage and electrode material) on the micro-EDM process output responses (such as MRR, TWR, Ra and circularity of the micro-holes) while drilling the micro-holes on Ni-Ti shape memory alloy. The full factorial design based study resulted in a set of recommended values for input variables to obtain the desired output. Mathematical predictive models have also been developed, which predict good values for the output responses.
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Zhu, Xixiang, Liping Peng, Jinpeng Li, Haomiao Yu, and Yulin Xie. "Formation of a Fast Charge Transfer Channel in Quasi-2D Perovskite Solar Cells through External Electric Field Modulation." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 5, 2021): 7402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217402.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Quasi-2D perovskites solar cells exhibit excellent environmental stability, but relatively low photovoltaic properties, compared with 3D perovskites solar cells. However, charge transport and extraction in quasi-2D perovskite solar cells are still limited by the inevitable quantum well effect, resulting in low power conversion efficiency (PCE). To date, most efforts concentrate on crystal orientation and favorable alignment during materials and films processing. In this paper, we demonstrated that the quasi-2D perovskite [(BA)2(MA)3Pb4I13 (n = 4)] solar cells show an optimized device performance through forming a fast charge transfer channel among 2D quantum wells through external electric field modulation, with appropriate modulation bias and time after the device has been fabricated. Essentially, ions will move directionally due to local polarization in quasi-2D perovskite solar cells under the action of electric field modulation. More importantly, the mobile ions function as a dopant to de-passivate the defects when releasing at grain boundaries, while decreasing built-in potential by applying forward modulation bias with proper modulation time. The capacitance-voltage characteristics indicate that electric field modulation can decrease the charge accumulation and improve the charge collection in quasi-2D perovskite solar cells. Photoluminescence (PL) studies confirm that the non-radiative recombination is reduced by electric field modulation, leading to enhanced charge transfer. Our work indicates that external electric field modulation is an effective method to form a fast charge transfer channel among 2D quantum wells, leading to enhanced charge transfer and charge collection through local polarization toward developing high–performance quasi-2D perovskite devices.
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Bettina, Kelemen, Füzy Anna, Cseresnyés Imre, Parádi István, Kovács Ramóna, Rajkai Kálmán, and Takács Tünde. "Kadmiumstressz detektálására alkalmazható in situ és destruktív mérési módszerek összehasonlító vizsgálata búzán." Agrokémia és Talajtan 69, no. 1-2 (November 28, 2020): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/0088.2020.00072.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The effects of cadmium (Cd) stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) inoculation were investigated in wheat [Triticum aestivum L. cv. TC-33] under controlled conditions. The experiments aimed to reveal what stress responses belong to the different levels of Cd load in the growth medium (0; 1; 2,5 and 5 mg Cd kg-1 substrate). To detect the effect of Cd stress, we compared plant physiological and growth indicators measured with both in situ and destructive methods. Electrical capacitance (CR) was evaluated during the experiments as a method to indicate stress responses through of Cd-induced root system changes.During the growth period, the photosynthetic activity (Fv/Fm), the chlorophyll content index (CCI) of the leaves, and the CR of the root-soil system were monitored in situ. After harvest, the membrane stability index (MSI), the cadmium and phosphorus concentrations of the plants, the root dry mass (RDM), the shoot dry mass (SDM) and the leaf area (LA) were measured. The root colonization of AM fungi was estimated by microscopic examination. Data matrices were evaluated with principal component analysis (PCA) which had been proved to be a good statistical method to the sensitivity between measurement methods.Taking all parameters into account in the PCA, a complete separation was found between the contaminated and non-contaminated variants along the main component PC1. The measured values of the Cd1 treatment sometimes overlapped with that of control plants, but differed from that of the Cd2 and Cd3 doses. The parameters well reflected that AMF inoculation alleviated the stress caused by Cd. PCA shows a visible effect of AM, but the separation between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants is weaker than that between Cd contaminated and non-treated ones. The Cd stress significantly decreased the Fv/Fm, CCI, CR, SDM, RDM and LA. The CR and growth parameters proved to be the best indicators to characterize the Cd phytotoxicity in the TC-33 wheat cultivar.
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КОСТЕНКО, М. Ю., М. В. СЕМЫНИН, С. С. ВОЛКОВ, and В. В. СЕМЫНИН. "THE PRINCIPLE OF CONSTRUCTING A MICROSYSTEM INDICATOR OF THE STATE OF THE BRAKE PAD OF A ROBOTIC CAR." VESTNIK RIAZANSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO AGROTEHNOLOGICHESKOGO UNIVERSITETA IM P A KOSTYCHEVA, no. 2(50) (June 30, 2021): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36508/rsatu.2021.50.2.012.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Проблема и цель. С развитием и широким применением колесной наземной транспортной техники выдвигаются повышенные требования к устройству машин, их управляемости с одновременным упрощением требований к водителю по управлению машиной и обеспечению ее функционирования в широком диапазоне технических возможностей. Целью исследований явилось теоретическое обоснование и практическая реализация способа непрерывного мониторинга состояния накладок тормозных колодок автомобиля КамАЗ. Методология. Разработано микросистемное устройство для контроля состояния тормозной колодки, отвечающее требованиям автоматизации и роботизации. Электрическая схема устройства построена по аналоговой форме с непрерывной регистрацией неэлектрического сигнала о состоянии (толщине износа) накладки в преобразованной электрической форме. Принцип действия сигнализатора состояния тормозной колодки автомобиля построен на использовании явления изменения электрической емкости конденсатора с изолирующей прокладкой между электродами при изменении толщины этого изолятора. Если встроить в керамическую (изолирующую) накладку тормозной колодки металлический электрод, то он образует электрическую емкость с поверхностью тормозимого металлического тела. Это позволяет в качестве изолирующей прокладки использовать изнашивающийся слой фрикционной накладки тормозной колодки. В таком датчике первичным источником информации будет являться непосредственно контролируемый параметр – остаточный рабочий слой фрикционной накладки тормозной колодки Результаты. Разработано индикаторное устройство, позволяющее водителю, находящемуся в кабине автомобиля, не отрываясь от управления осуществлять непрерывный мониторинг состояния тормозных накладок (толщины рабочего слоя) вплоть до критического, при котором дальнейшая эксплуатация транспортного средства становится небезопасной. Заключение. Применение разработанного индикаторного устройства для визуального функционального контроля водителем состояния тормозных колодок автомобиля делает возможным предотвращение нештатных ситуаций, которые могут возникнуть из-за невозможности эффективного использования рабочей тормозной системы автомобиля по причине предельно допустимого или неравномерного износа фрикционных накладок тормозных колодок. Problem and purpose. With the development and widespread use of wheeled ground transport equipment, increased requirements are put forward for the device of machines, their controllability, while simplifying the requirements for the driver to control the machine and ensure its functioning in a wide range of technical capabilities. The aim of the research was the theoretical substantiation and practical implementation of the method for continuous monitoring of the state of the brake pads of the KamAZ car. Methodology. Microsystem device for monitoring the condition of the brake pad, which meets the requirements of automation and robotization. The electrical circuit of the device is built in an analog form with continuous registration of a non-electrical signal about the state (wear thickness) of the pad in a converted electrical form. The principle of operation of the signaling device of the state of the brake shoe of a car is based on the use of the phenomenon of change in the electrical capacitance of a capacitor C with an insulating gasket between the electrodes when the thickness of this insulator changes. If a metal electrode is embedded in the ceramic (insulating) lining of the brake shoe, then it forms an electric capacitance C with the surface of the braking metal body. This allows the wear layer of the brake pad friction lining to be used as an insulating pad. In such a sensor, the primary source of information will be the directly monitored parameter - the residual working layer of the friction lining of the brake shoe Results. Development of an indicator device that allows the driver, who is in the cab of the car, without interrupting control, to continuously monitor the state of the brake linings (thickness of the working layer) up to the critical state, at which the further operation of the vehicle becomes unsafe. Conclusion. The development of an indicator device for visual functional control by the driver of the state of the brake pads of a car makes it possible to prevent abnormal situations that may arise due to the impossibility of effective use of the working brake system of the car, due to the maximum permissible or uneven wear of the friction linings of brake pads.
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Eltyshev, D. K. "Electric equipment operation scenarios based on the results of non-destructive condition control." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1886, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1886/1/012010.
Повний текст джерела
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Huang, Xuhui, Ciaron Hamilton, Zonglin Li, Lalita Udpa, Satish S. Udpa, and Yiming Deng. "Capacitive imaging for adhesive bonds and quality evaluation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2182 (September 14, 2020): 20190590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0590.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Defective adhesive bonds pose significant threats towards structural integrity due to reduced joint strength. The nature of the adhesion of two solids remains poorly understood since the adhesion phenomenon is relevant to so many scientific and technological areas. A concept that has been gaining our attention from the perspective of non-destructive testing is the properties discontinuity of the adhesion. Discontinued properties depend significantly on the quality of the interface that is formed between adhesive and substrate. In this research, discontinued electrical properties at the interface are considered. The simplified model is free from multidisciplinary knowledge of chemistry, fracture mechanics, mechanics of materials, rheology and other subjects. From a practical standpoint, this emphasizes the need to establish a good relationship between electrical properties of adhesive bonds and corresponding measurements. Capacitive imaging (CI) is a technique where the dielectric property of an object is determined from external capacitance measurements. Thus, it is potentially promising since adhesive and substrate differ in terms of dielectric property. At the interface between adhesive and substrate, discontinuity of the dielectric properties causes abrupt changes in electric field spatial distribution and thus alters capacitance measurement by simulating defects in adhesive joints regarding permittivity uncertainties. Further understanding of the cause of degraded adhesion quality can be obtained. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation and smart monitoring’.
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Cseresnyés, Imre, Tünde Takács, Anna Füzy, and Kálmán Rajkai. "Simultaneous monitoring of electrical capacitance and water uptake activity of plant root system." International Agrophysics 28, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/intag-2014-0044.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Pot experiments were designed to test the applicability of root electrical capacitance measurement for in situ monitoring of root water uptake activity by growing cucumber and bean cultivars in a growth chamber. Half of the plants were inoculated with Funneliformis mosseae arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the other half served as non-infected controls. Root electrical capacitance and daily transpiration were monitored during the whole plant ontogeny. Phenology-dependent changes of daily transpiration (related to root water uptake) and root electrical capacitance proved to be similar as they showed upward trends from seedling emergence to the beginning of flowering stage, and thereafter decreased continuously during fruit setting. A few days after arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-colonization, daily transpiration and root electrical capacitance of infected plants became significantly higher than those of non-infected counterparts, and the relative increment of the measured parameters was greater for the more highly mycorrhizal-dependent bean cultivar compared to that of cucumber. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization caused 29 and 69% relative increment in shoot dry mass for cucumbers and beans, respectively. Mycorrhization resulted in 37% increase in root dry mass for beans, but no significant difference was observed for cucumbers. Results indicate the potential of root electrical capacitance measurements for monitoring the changes and differences of root water uptake rate.
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Boni, Andra Georgia, Roxana Patru, Lucian D. Filip, Cristina Chirila, Iuliana Pasuk, Ioana Pintilie, and Lucian Pintilie. "Negative Capacitance and Switching Dynamics Control Via Non-Ferroelectric Elements." ACS Applied Energy Materials 5, no. 3 (March 15, 2022): 3307–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.1c03890.
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Pshchelko, N. S., and O. S. Tsareva. "NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL OF CERAMICS BY THE RESULTS OF MEASURING ITS PERMITTIVITY IN THE MICROWAVE RANGE AND AT CONSTANT VOLTAGE." RADIO COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, no. 49 (July 15, 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33286/2075-8693-2021-49-85-95.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The results of evaluating the mechanical strength characteristics of ceramic samples by a non-destructive method based on measuring their permittivity are considered. In this case, measurements of the permittivity were carried out both in the microwave range on an 8-mm interferometer and in a constant electric field. Measurements in a constant electric field demonstrated the best information content and correlation with the ultimate strength in bending of the studied samples.
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Cui, Ziqiang, Chengyi Yang, Benyuan Sun, and Huaxiang Wang. "Liquid Film Thickness Estimation using Electrical Capacitance Tomography." Measurement Science Review 14, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msr-2014-0002.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract In air/oil lubrication systems, the flow parameters, e.g., flow pattern, liquid film thickness, and air/oil flow rate, are of great importance to the transportation efficiency. In most cases, the on-going two-phase flow is annular flow with the oil moving along the tube wall and the air travelling at high speed in the center. This usually results in the formation of a thin oil film, the thickness of which is a key parameter determining the efficiency of the lubrication system. As the oil film thickness of the on-going air/oil flow varies dynamically, there is actually no applicable method for a non-intrusive test. In this paper, the use of electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) to investigate the air/oil flow has been studied. Capacitance measurements are made from an externally mounted electrode array in a non-invasive and non-intrusive manner. Both average and distributed oil film thicknesses can be calculated from the reconstructed ECT images. Simulation and experimental results show that the ECT technique can provide satisfactory results of online oil film thickness estimation
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Kowalska, Aleksandra, Robert Banasiak, Andrzej Romanowski, and Dominik Sankowski. "A study of the possibility of using 3D modelling and 3D printing for electrical capacitance tomography sensor." Acta Innovations, no. 31 (April 1, 2019): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32933/actainnovations.31.3.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays, the optimization of energy consumption and resources is one of the most urgent topics in worldwide industry. The energy consumption monitoring and control in various multiphase flow industrial applications, where a proper flow characteristic and an optimal phase mixture control is crucial, is hard to perform due to the physical and chemical complexity of the processes. The Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) is one of the relatively cheap non-invasive measurement methods that can help in the monitoring and control of optimal energy and resources dozing in industrial processes. ECT diagnostics systems use unique sensors that can non-intrusively detect spatial capacitance changes caused by spatial changes in the electrical permittivity of industrial process components. One of the latest ECT extensions is a three-dimensional measurement strategy that uses a multilayer structure of the capacitance sensor. In this paper, the authors propose a novel approach to the 3D ECT sensors fabrication process that uses 3D computer modelling and 3D printing to easily get any sensor shape, electrode layout, scale and shielding strategy. This study compares the measurement abilities of a 3D ECT sensor fabricated using a traditional hand-made technique with the 3D printed device. The results have proven the potential of the new 3D print-based sensor regarding its significant fabrication time reduction as well as the improvement of the overall 3D ECT sensor measurement accuracy and stability.
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Lobanov, Leonid, Vyacheslav Pivtorak, Nikolay Paschin, Viktor Savitsky, and Galina Tkachuk. "Application of Local Current Pulses for Determination and Control of Residual Stresses." Advanced Materials Research 996 (August 2014): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.386.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
An electrode system for inducing a high density pulsed electric current (PEC) into the material for residual stresses (RS) relaxation has been proposed. A new non-destructive technology for determination of RS using electron speckle interferometry in combination with a local PEC treatment has been developed. Application of PEC at increased power parameters was investigated for control of stressed state of welded structures used in aircraft engineering. Results of practical application of the developed technologies and equipment are presented.
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Plesca, Adrian. "Considerations About Controlled Capacitors." Journal of Electrical Engineering 61, no. 3 (May 1, 2010): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10187-010-0027-2.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Considerations About Controlled CapacitorsA new type of thermal controlled capacitor has been developed and studied. The capacitor non-linearity depends on the control parameter — temperature. At constant temperatures, the charge versus voltage curve is non-linear and has thermal inertia. Actually, it is a new method to modify the capacitors' capacitance using the thermal field as a command parameter and brings new technical solutions for protection of electrical equipment.
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Ohchi, Masashi, Kazuyoshi Tomiyama, Tatsuya Furukawa, Hideaki Itoh, and Hisao Fukumoto. "A Study on Fitness Function with Parameter-free Genetic Algorithm for Non-destructive Estimation of Permittivity Distribution based on Capacitance and Electric Potential." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 136, no. 4 (2016): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.136.164.
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Nikolenko, S., Svetlana Sazonova, and N. Akamsina. "AUTOMATION OF THE PROCESS OF QUALITY CONTROL OF WELDED JOINTS." Modeling of systems and processes 13, no. 3 (December 7, 2020): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2219-0767-2020-13-3-76-85.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The analysis of the electric arc welding process is performed. The main types and causes of defects in welded joints have been identified. The main non-destructive methods of control of welded joints are analyzed. The revealed advantages and disadvantages of each method. The method of ultrasonic testing is considered in sufficient detail. Shown on the practical experience of ultrasonic inspection of welded joints by a flaw detector with antenna arrays. The features of application of the program for PC «USD-soft», which allows automating the control of welded seams, are considered.
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Devashena, Thangaiyan, and K. Dhanalakshmi. "Electromagnetic Characteristics of Shape Memory Spring." Materials Science Forum 978 (February 2020): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.978.421.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Electric impedance is widely used in imaging and detection techniques. The applications range from non-destructive testing, structural health monitoring, and geophysical imaging to medical imaging. The frequency of the signal used for the measurement ranges from less than 1 Hz to about 1 GHz. This paper addresses the measurement and evaluation of the phase dependent electrical resistance, inductance, capacitance, and impedance of a shape memory alloy (SMA) spring (BMX 150, Toki Corporation). The material characteristics can be obtained by means of their electromechanical impedance. Experimental procedures are implemented and the electrical characteristics are obtained for a wide range of frequency. The electrical resistance, inductance, impedances of the austenite and martensite phase are determined, also the quality factor of the Bio Metal coil to be (9.465 – 9.95) Ω and (10.358 – 10.8) Ω, (0.458 – 0.38) μH and (0.458 – 0.36) μH and, (9.47 – 10.24) Ω and (10.36 – 11.11) Ω respectively for the frequency range of 100 kHz - 1MHz. The quality factor of the Bio Metal ranges between 0.03 and 0.2 during heating and, 0.028 and 0.022 during the cooling phase. The experimental results herein show that an equivalent circuit of the SMA spring is a series resistor-inductor circuit with a parasitic capacitance effect. The electromagnetic behaviour of SMA is determined using a finite element tool.
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Wang, Ru, Jin Tian, Fei Wu, Zhenhua Zhang, Haishan Liu, and Li Gong. "Optimisation electric field inverse solving algorithm for non-destructive detection of voltage on transmission lines." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 13, no. 23 (December 3, 2019): 5423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0459.
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Kozelskaya, S. O. "Increasing the Safety of Operation of Industrial Technical Systems from the Composite Materials by Predicting Their Life on the Basis of New Methods of Non-Destructive Control and Deep Neural Networks." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 4 (April 2021): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2021-4-7-12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The problem is considered related to increase of the operational safety of industrial facilities made of composite materials by means of an a priori assessment of the maximum service life. Two tasks are being solved: development of the new methods and means of non-destructive testing allowing to identify the defects that appear in the process of testing products with various loads and in the process of their operation; development of the new methods and means for assessing service life of the products based on the results of non-destructive testing. The first problem is being solved by the development of optical-thermographic non-destructive testing, including the technologies of ultrasonic thermotomography and electric force thermography, which determine the state of the object by dynamic temperature fields and optical control technology based on the fiber-optic sensors that measure the amount of material internal deformation under a force effect on the structure. Solution to the second problem is based on the use of neural network analysis (artificial neural networks) for assessment and prediction of the service life using the results of non-destructive testing with preliminary training of the neural network. An estimate was obtained by the experimental studies related to the error in determining the products service life, which is 12.6 %. The implementation of the proposed approach will allow to create the new technologies for predicting the service life of elements and structures made of composite materials using the results of non-destructive testing, which will provide an additional opportunity for developing practical recommendations on the confirmation or extension of the service life and improvement of safety for structures operation.
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Song, Xiaowen, Weidong Zhou, Xingxing Pan, and Kun Feng. "Disassembly sequence planning for electro-mechanical products under a partial destructive mode." Assembly Automation 34, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-01-2013-006.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose – To improve the efficiency and economy of electro-mechanical product's recycle process, this paper aims to propose a disassembly sequence planning (DSP) method to reduce additional efforts of removing extra parts in selectable disassembly. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology has three parts, which includes a disassembly hybrid graphic model to describe the product disassembly information, an object inverse-directed method to optimize the disassembly design and a model reconstruction method to achieve a better DSP. Findings – According to the disassembly cost criteria and the parameters of disassembly tools, the disassembly efficiency increases and the disassembly cost decreases due to the use of partial destructive mode compared with non-destructive mode. The proposed partial destructive DSP is more efficient and economical. Research limitations/implications – Partial destructive disassembly mode cannot be used for the flammable or explosive component in the procedure of the DSP optimization algorithm. Practical implications – DSP of an electric corkscrew is analyzed to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Originality/value – This paper proposes a partial destructive disassembly based DSP method for product disassembly, which provides a new approach for the disposal of end-of-life products.
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Shoureshi, Rahmat A., Sun-Wook Lim, Eli Dolev, and Benny Sarusi. "Electro-Magnetic-Acoustic Transducers for Automatic Monitoring and Health Assessment of Transmission Lines." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 126, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1767849.
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This paper presents analysis, design, development, and experimental verification of a non-destructive monitoring system for diagnosis of mechanical integrity of electric conductors based on the concept of Electro-Magnetic-Acoustic Transducers (EMAT). Electric conductors, in general, are exposed to harsh environments. Such conductors include electric transmission lines, anchor rods, and ground mat risers. For automatic failure detection and assessment of mechanical integrity of these conductors, in addition to an effective transducer, feature extraction and pattern recognition techniques have to be employed. Details of the sensor design, neural-based signature analysis, feature extraction, and experimental results of fault detection techniques are presented.
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Wang, Huaibao, and Zhigang Lu. "A New Converter for Non-Isolated PV Systems." Electronics 10, no. 14 (July 17, 2021): 1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141716.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A new converter for the non-isolated PV (photovoltaic) system is presented in this paper. It has the advantage that the input terminal of the proposed converter is connected to the output negative terminal. In this way, the parasitic capacitance is bypassed to eliminate the undesirable leakage current. The proposed converter can achieve the step-up voltage with four switches only. Aside from that, the carried-based modulation is used, and the control structure is simple. The article analyzes the working modes and control strategy of the proposed converter. In addition, a comparative analysis is provided. The feasibility of the proposed converter under different working modes is verified by simulation. Finally, the digital control prototype with DSP plus FPGA is established and the experimental tests are carried out. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter.
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Hassan, Turki Kahawish. "Reduction of single DC bus capacitance in photovoltaic cascaded multilevel converter." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 1660. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i3.pp1660-1674.
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<span lang="EN-US">This paper presented single DC bus single phase seven level cascaded H-bridge (CHB) inverter for multi-panel photovoltaic grid-connected applications. A single DC bus supplying flyback converters to produce DC link voltages for CHB cells is suggested. A balanced operation of CHB inverter cells is obtained irrespective to power unbalance occurred by individual maximum power point tracking boost converter of photovoltaic (PV) panels due to the non-uniform irradiation and partial shading. A DC bus voltage control system with addition of estimated DC bus ripple voltage to the reference is proposed to eliminate the second order harmonic contained in the feedback voltage of DC bus enabling to design high bandwidth of DC voltage control loop. This produces fast dynamic response, low total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid current and smaller DC bus capacitance. Mathematical modeling of bus voltage control system is presented. PSIM simulation program is used and the simulation results are obtained to validate the proposed control system.</span>
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Petrenko, E. M., and V. A. Semenova. "Residual Capacitance Estimation in Lithium-Thionyl-Chloride Chemical Current Sources using Impedance Spectroscopy." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 1 (94) (February 2021): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-1-116-125.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose of this work is to elaborate operational and reliable method for ensuring non-destructive control over primary lithium-thionyl-chloride chemical current sources (LCCS) using the impedance spectroscopy. Results and conclusions presented in this work are based on a series of experimental studies. Result reliability was experimentally proven on models and samples with known characteristics. Mathematical apparatus used in processing experimental data using the Fourier transforms allows obtaining information on impedance in a wide frequency range based on results of a single experiment and prompt calculating its main parameters (impedance imaginary value at the hodograph extreme point, its frequency, high-frequency resistance and phase). Ways to reduce the passive film influence, which is appearing on the lithium electrode during storage and operation, on the impedance characteristics are shown. Based on the electrochemical impedance spectra analysis, most informative frequency ranges were determined, and correlates were found connecting the impedance characteristics with the investigated current source state. It is proposed to use the phase angle value measured at the impedance hodograph extreme point as a correlate allowing to estimate the LCCS residual capacitance. It was determined that in assessing the LCCS discharge degree in the range of 0--70 % residual capacity, results of impedance spectroscopy are being quite informative
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Luo, Yi, Bin Guo, Bin Qian, Lijuan Xu, Fan Zhang, Fusheng Li, and Xingxing Feng. "Method to Evaluate the Resistance–Capacitance Voltage Divider and Uncertainty Analysis." Energies 14, no. 22 (November 18, 2021): 7744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227744.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The resistance and capacitance parameters of a resistance–capacitance divider may change due to factors such as long-term operation, internal insulation flashover, and dielectric breakdown, which will affect the measurement characteristics of the resistance–capacitance divider. Since it is difficult to separate the voltage divider, and because improper disassembly will damage the insulation of the equipment, measuring the resistance and capacitance parameters of a voltage divider non-destructively has always been a problem. In this paper, an indirect method for evaluating the resistance and capacitance parameters is proposed, and the uncertainty of measurement of this method is determined. Simulation and actual test results show that this method can be used to estimate the resistance–capacitance parameters and has a good level of measurement accuracy. Besides, through the uncertainty analysis, it is concluded that the proposed method can overcome measurement errors within a certain range and has high practicability. Finally, a very practical application scenario of the proposed method is given, showing that the proposed method has good economic significance.
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Petrenko, E. M., and V. A. Semenova. "Chemical Current Source Express Diagnostics Using Noise Spectroscopy on the Example of Lithium-Thionyl Chloride Battery." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 4 (97) (August 2021): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-4-136-143.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Lithium-thionyl chloride battery voltage is practically not changing during the discharge process and drops sharply being completely discharged. In this regard, the problem of non-destructive quality control of the chemical current sources (first of all, the discharge degree) before installation thereof in the equipment becomes of particular importance. Microcalorimetric studies make it possible to rather correctly determine the current source internal self-discharge rate, predict the LCCS shelf life and its performance term. However, the heat release absolute value in current sources with sufficient storability, i.e., with low self-discharge, is very small; therefore, it is necessary to use sensitive, stationary and large-sized equipment. This makes such diagnostics impossible when operating in the stand-alone conditions. The impedance spectroscopy method could be proposed to solve this problem. However, satisfactory results are only obtained in the 0--70 % residual capacitance range. Determination of residual capacitance in the 70--100 % range appears to be rather difficult due to the absence of noticeable alteration in the informative parameter within the limits of its absolute deviation from the mean value. In this regard, it looks advisable to use noise spectroscopy as a physically independent method in diagnosing the state of chemical current sources to expand the residual capacitance diagnostics range to the 70--100 % domain, as well as to increase reliability of the chemical current source diagnostic estimate in the range of 50--70 %. Results of the electrochemical noise measurement analysis confirm promising application of the noise spectroscopy method in estimating current state of the primary chemical current sources in their low discharge domains
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Shi, Haotian, Dian Huo, Hongpeng Zhang, Wei Li, Yuqing Sun, Guobin Li, and Haiquan Chen. "An Impedance Sensor for Distinguishing Multi-Contaminants in Hydraulic Oil of Offshore Machinery." Micromachines 12, no. 11 (November 17, 2021): 1407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12111407.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The cleanliness of hydraulic oil can reflect the service life of the oil and the wear state of hydraulic machinery. An impedance sensor is proposed to distinguish multi-contaminants in hydraulic oil. The impedance sensor has two detection modes: the inductance-resistance mode is used to detect metal debris, and the capacitance mode is used to distinguish water droplets and air bubbles. By adding a built-in silicon steel strip and an external silicon steel strip with high magnetic permeability, the distribution area, strength, and uniformity of the magnetic field are enhanced to improve the detection sensitivity under inductance and resistance parameters. In addition, the silicon steel strips are used as electrode plates to introduce capacitance parameter detection. The experimental results show that the resistance detection method based on coil successfully improves the detection ability for non-ferromagnetic metal debris. The impedance sensor for distinguishing multi-contaminants in hydraulic oil can provide technical support for fault diagnosis of offshore hydraulic machinery.
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Tamme, Hannes, Regino Kask, Peeter Muiste, and Valdek Tamme. "Comparative testing of two alternating current methods for determining wood moisture content in kiln conditions." Forestry Studies 74, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsmu-2021-0005.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Research into the possibility of applying the electric impedance spectrometry (EIS) method and the dielectric capacitance method (DECM) simultaneously above fibre saturation point (FSP) and in harsh kiln conditions has been relatively scarce. In the framework of this research, tests were carried out on the operational reliability of the measuring capacitor (MEC) prototype used for calibrating the DECM in the harsh internal climate (50°C and 98% RH) of the kiln. Condensation of water vapor on MEC plates, leakage of MEC insulators and the emergence of static electric charges on MEC plates were studied. Quantitative ranges were found for MEC performance-disrupting effects on the parasitic capacities induced by each effect. The DECM was found to be less reliable than the EIS method for application in harsh kiln conditions. Secondly, under the same test conditions and for the same wood species (birch), the possibilities of the DECM method and the EIS method were comparatively modeled with the predetermined Rozema quality criterion of ±1.75% MC for predicting the moisture content (MC) of birch wood above FSP. It was found that, under the same test conditions, the DECM method proved more accurate than the EIS method for predicting birch wood MC above FSP. Based on the tests, it was concluded that DECM can be used in practice by applying a non-destructive method to reliably determine the average moisture content of a wood batch immediately prior to commencing the wood-drying process.
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Urumov, V. V. "Influence of External Radiation on Parameters of Electroluminescent Panel." Proceedings of Universities. ELECTRONICS 25, no. 6 (December 2020): 563–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/1561-5405-2020-25-6-563-568.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The electroluminescent light source can be used as flexible compact flat sources of uniform illuminating. The studies on improvement of its main characteristics, especially of color intensity generation, continue. In the paper the possibility of using the changing capacitive and current characteristics of flexible light sources - electroluminescent panels to fix and determine the level of external radiation, which includes the near infrared, optical and ultraviolet ranges, has been shown. The degree of the influence of radiation on the capacitive and current characteristics of these structures based on ZnS: Cu, Mn phosphor using a barium titanate ferroelectric has been revealed. During the studies the instrumental and expert analysis as well as the non-destructive and destructive technological control have been used. It has been found that while changing the radiation intensity from 0 to 2500 kd/m the electric capacity of the structure with 600 cm area becomes 25 % increased, and the intensity increase leads to considerable proportional increase (up to 20 %) of the structure conductivity current
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Nezasa, Ryota, Kazuhiro Gotoh, Shinya Kato, Satoru Miyamoto, Noritaka Usami, and Yasuyoshi Kurokawa. "Fabrication of Silicon Nanowire Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Capacitors with Al2O3/TiO2/Al2O3 Stacked Dielectric Films for the Application to Energy Storage Devices." Energies 14, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 4538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14154538.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Silicon nanowire (SiNW) metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors with Al2O3/TiO2/Al2O3 (ATA) stacked dielectric films were fabricated by metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). High-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) images revealed that SiNWs were conformally coated with ATA although the cross-sectional shapes of MACE-SiNWs were non-uniform and sharp spikes can be seen locally. The dielectric capacitance density of 5.9 μF/cm2 at V = −4 V of the perfect accumulation region was achieved due to the combination of the large surface area of the SiNW array and the high dielectric constant of ATA. The capacitance changed exponentially with the voltage at V < −4.3 V and the capacitance of 84 μF/cm2 was successfully achieved at V = −10 V. It was revealed that not only 3D structure and high-k material but also local nanostructure of SiNWs and stacked dielectric layers could contribute to the considerable high capacitance.
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Liu, J., X. M. Suo, S. S. Zhou, S. Q. Meng, S. S. Chen, and H. P. Mu. "Electrical Capacitance Tomography Measurement of the Migration of Ice Frontal Surface in Freezing Soil." Measurement Science Review 16, no. 6 (December 1, 2016): 280–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msr-2016-0035.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
AbstractThe tracking of the migration of ice frontal surface is crucial for the understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms in freezing soil. Owing to the distinct advantages, including non-invasive sensing, high safety, low cost and high data acquisition speed, the electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is considered to be a promising visualization measurement method. In this paper, the ECT method is used to visualize the migration of ice frontal surface in freezing soil. With the main motivation of the improvement of imaging quality, a loss function with multiple regularizers that incorporate the prior formation related to the imaging objects is proposed to cast the ECT image reconstruction task into an optimization problem. An iteration scheme that integrates the superiority of the split Bregman iteration (SBI) method is developed for searching for the optimal solution of the proposed loss function. An unclosed electrodes sensor is designed for satisfying the requirements of practical measurements. An experimental system of one dimensional freezing in frozen soil is constructed, and the ice frontal surface migration in the freezing process of the wet soil sample containing five percent of moisture is measured. The visualization measurement results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ECT visualization method
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Petrović, Predrag B. "Electronically Adjustable Grounded Memcapacitor Emulator Based on Single Active Component with Variable Switching Mechanism." Electronics 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11010161.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
New current mode grounded memcapacitor emulator circuits are reported in this paper, based on a single voltage differencing transconductance amplifier-VDTA and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuits possess a single active component matching constraint, while the MOS-capacitance can be used instead of classical capacitance in a situation involving the simulator working within a high frequency range of up to 50 MHz, thereby offering obvious benefits in terms of realization utilising an IC-integrated circuit. The proposed emulator offers a variable switching mechanism—soft and hard—as well as the possibility of generating a negative memcapacitance characteristic, depending on the value of the frequency of the input current signal and the applied capacitance. The influence of possible non-ideality and parasitic effects was analysed, in order to reduce their side effects and bring the outcome to acceptable limits through the selection of passive elements. For the verification purposes, a PSPICE simulation environment with CMOS 0.18 μm TSMC technology parameters was selected. An experimental check was performed with off-the-shelf components-IC MAX435, showing satisfactory agreement with theoretical assumptions and conclusions.
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Stracqualursi, Erika, Rodolfo Araneo, and Salvatore Celozzi. "The Corona Phenomenon in Overhead Lines: Critical Overview of Most Common and Reliable Available Models." Energies 14, no. 20 (October 13, 2021): 6612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206612.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Research on corona discharge, shared by physics, chemistry and electrical engineering, has not arrested yet. As a dissipative process, the development of corona increases the resistive losses of transmission lines and enhances the line capacitance locally. Introducing additional losses and propagation delay, along the line, non-linearity and non-uniformity of the line parameters; therefore, corona should not be neglected. The present work is meant to provide the reader with comprehensive information on the corona macroscopic phenomenology and development, referring to the most relevant contributions in the literature on this subject. The models proposed in the literature for the simulation of the corona development are reviewed in detail, and sensitivity curves are provided to highlight their dependence on the input parameters.
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Park, Sul Ki, Jagadeesh Sure, D. Sri Maha Vishnu, Seong Jun Jo, Woo Cheol Lee, Ibrahim A. Ahmad, and Hyun-Kyung Kim. "Nano-Fe3O4/Carbon Nanotubes Composites by One-Pot Microwave Solvothermal Method for Supercapacitor Applications." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 2908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102908.
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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being increasingly studied as electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their high electronic conductivity and chemical and mechanical stability. However, their energy density and specific capacitance have not reached the commercial stage due to their electrostatic charge storage system via a non-faradic mechanism. Moreover, magnetite (Fe3O4) exhibits higher specific capacitance originating from its pseudocapacitive behaviour, while it has irreversible volume expansion during cycling. Therefore, a very interesting and facile strategy to arrive at better performance and stability is to integrate CNTs and Fe3O4. In this study, we demonstrate the microwave-solvothermal process for the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles uniformly grown on a CNT composite as an electrode for SCs. The synthesized Fe3O4/CNT composite delivers a reversible capacitance of 187.1 F/g at 1 A/g, superior rate capability by maintaining 61.6% of 10 A/g (vs. 1 A/g), and cycling stability of 80.2% after 1000 cycles at 1 A/g.
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Nanha Djanan, A. A., B. R. Nana Nbendjo, and P. Woafo. "Control of vibration on a hinged-hinged beam under a non-ideal excitation using RLC circuit with variable capacitance." Nonlinear Dynamics 63, no. 3 (September 5, 2010): 477–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11071-010-9816-1.
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Arivazhagan, Mani, Yesupatham Manova Santhosh, and Govindhan Maduraiveeran. "Non-Enzymatic Glucose Detection Based on NiS Nanoclusters@NiS Nanosphere in Human Serum and Urine." Micromachines 12, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12040403.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Herein, we report a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensing platform based on NiS nanoclusters dispersed on NiS nanosphere (NC-NiS@NS-NiS) in human serum and urine samples. The NC-NiS@NS-NiS are directly grown on nickel foam (NF) (NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF) substrate by a facile, and one-step electrodeposition strategy under acidic solution. The as-developed nanostructured NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF electrode materials successfully employ as the enzyme-mimic electrocatalysts toward the improved electrocatalytic glucose oxidation and sensitive glucose sensing. The NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF electrode presents an outstanding electrocatalytic activity and sensing capability towards the glucose owing to the attribution of great double layer capacitance, excessive electrochemical active surface area (ECASA), and high electrochemical active sites. The present sensor delivers a limit of detection (LOD) of ~0.0083 µM with a high sensitivity of 54.6 µA mM−1 cm−2 and a wide linear concentration range (20.0 µM–5.0 mM). The NC-NiS@NS-NiS|NF-based sensor demonstrates the good selectivity against the potential interferences and shows high practicability by glucose sensing in human urine and serum samples.
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Kaczmarek, Michal, and Ernest Stano. "Application of the Sinusoidal Voltage for Detection of the Resonance in Inductive Voltage Transformers." Energies 14, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 7047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217047.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In the case of the inductive voltage transformer (VT), the resonance phenomenon may be the main reason for its poor transformation accuracy of the non-sinusoidal voltage. This problem mainly results from the leakage inductance and the parasitic capacitance of its primary winding. The application of the sinusoidal voltage with a frequency from 20 Hz to 20 kHz presented in this study ensures proper identification of the resonance frequencies of the medium-voltage (MV) inductive VTs. The results are consistent with the values obtained in the reference condition at their nominal primary voltage. Therefore, it is proven that the proposed solution is effective in all cases. The influence of the main frequency variation of the non-sinusoidal primary voltage on the resonance properties of the inductive VT is also studied. Moreover, the tests indicate that the capacitance of the load of the secondary winding may cause a decrease in their resonance frequency.
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Le, Hien T. Ngoc, Jinsoo Park, and Sungbo Cho. "A Probeless Capacitive Biosensor for Direct Detection of Amyloid Beta 1-42 in Human Serum Based on an Interdigitated Chain-Shaped Electrode." Micromachines 11, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090791.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Amyloid beta (aβ) 1-42, a peptide that is 1-42 amino acids long, is a major component of senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Aβ detection has become an essential antecedence to predict the declining mental abilities of patients. In this paper, a probeless capacitive biosensor for the non-Faradaic detection of aβ 1-42 peptide was developed by immobilizing a specific anti-aβ antibody onto a self-assembled monolayer functionalized interdigitated chain-shaped electrode (anti-aβ/SAM/ICE). The novelty and difference of this article from previous studies is the direct detection of aβ peptide with no redox probe ((Fe(CN)6)3−/4−), which can avoid the denaturation of the protein caused by the metallization (binding of aβ to metal ion Fe which is presented in the redox couple). The direct detection of aβ with no redox probe is performed by non-Faradaic capacitive measurement, which is greatly different from the Faradaic measurement of the charge transfer resistance of the redox probe. The detection of various aβ 1-42 peptide concentrations in human serum (HS) was performed by measuring the relative change in electrode interfacial capacitance due to the specific antibody-aβ binding. Capacitance change in the anti-aβ/SAM/ICE biosensor showed a linear detection range between 10 pg mL−1 and 104 pg mL−1, and a detection limit of 7.5 pg mL−1 in HS, which was much lower than the limit of detection for CSF aβ 1-42 (~500 pg mL−1) and other biosensors. The small dissociation constant Kd of the antibody-antigen interaction was also found to be 0.016 nM in HS, indicating the high binding affinity of the anti-aβ/SAM/ICE biosensor in the recognizing of aβ 1-42. Thus, the developed sensor can be used for label-free and direct measurement of aβ 1-42 peptide and for point-of-care diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease without redox probe.
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Ansón-Casaos, Alejandro, Olga Sanahuja-Parejo, Javier Hernández-Ferrer, Ana M. Benito, and Wolfgang K. Maser. "Carbon Nanotube Film Electrodes with Acrylic Additives: Blocking Electrochemical Charge Transfer Reactions." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (May 31, 2020): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061078.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) processed into conductive films by liquid phase deposition technologies reveal increasing interest as electrode components in electrochemical device platforms for sensing and energy storage applications. In this work we show that the addition of acrylic latex to water-based CNT inks not only favors the fabrication of stable and robust flexible electrodes on plastic substrates but, moreover, sensitively enables the control of their electrical and electrochemical transport properties. Importantly, within a given concentration range, the acrylic additive in the films, being used as working electrodes, effectively blocks undesired faradaic transfer reactions across the electrode–electrolyte interface while maintaining their capacitance response as probed in a three-electrode electrochemical device configuration. Our results suggest a valuable strategy to enhance the chemical stability of CNT film electrodes and to suppress non-specific parasitic electrochemical reactions of relevance to electroanalytical and energy storage applications.
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Hasan, Zinah S., and Dalya H. Al-Mamoori. "Studies enhancement of transient stability by single machine infinite bus system and setting purpose genetic algorithm." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i2.pp648-655.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Maintaining network synchronization is important to customer service. Low fluctuations cause voltage instability, non-synchronization in the power system or the problems in the electrical system disturbances, harmonics current and voltages inflation and contraction voltage. Proper tunning of the parameters of stabilizer is prime for validation of stabilizer. To overcome instability issues and get reinforcement found a lot of the techniques are developed to overcome instability problems and improve performance of power system. Genetic algorithm was applied to optimize parameters and suppress oscillation. The simulation of the robust composite capacitance system of an infinite single-machine bus was studied using MATLAB was used for optimization purpose. The critical time is an indication of the maximum possible time during which the error can pass in the system to obtain stability through the simulation. The effectiveness improvement has been shown in the system.
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Pismenskaya, Natalia, Myriam Bdiri, Veronika Sarapulova, Anton Kozmai, Julie Fouilloux, Lassaad Baklouti, Christian Larchet, Estelle Renard, and Lasâad Dammak. "A Review on Ion-Exchange Membranes Fouling during Electrodialysis Process in Food Industry, Part 2: Influence on Transport Properties and Electrochemical Characteristics, Cleaning and Its Consequences." Membranes 11, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11110811.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are increasingly used in dialysis and electrodialysis processes for the extraction, fractionation and concentration of valuable components, as well as reagent-free control of liquid media pH in the food industry. Fouling of IEMs is specific compared to that observed in the case of reverse or direct osmosis, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, and other membrane processes. This specificity is determined by the high concentration of fixed groups in IEMs, as well as by the phenomena inherent only in electromembrane processes, i.e., induced by an electric field. This review analyzes modern scientific publications on the effect of foulants (mainly typical for the dairy, wine and fruit juice industries) on the structural, transport, mass transfer, and electrochemical characteristics of cation-exchange and anion-exchange membranes. The relationship between the nature of the foulant and the structure, physicochemical, transport properties and behavior of ion-exchange membranes in an electric field is analyzed using experimental data (ion exchange capacity, water content, conductivity, diffusion permeability, limiting current density, water splitting, electroconvection, etc.) and modern mathematical models. The implications of traditional chemical cleaning are taken into account in this analysis and modern non-destructive membrane cleaning methods are discussed. Finally, challenges for the near future were identified.
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Schweitzer, Thorge, Marla Hörmann, Benjamin Bühling, and Bernhard Bobusch. "Switching Action of a Bistable Fluidic Amplifier for Ultrasonic Testing." Fluids 6, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6050171.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Air-coupled ultrasonic testing is widely used in the industry for the non-destructive testing of compound materials. It provides a fast and efficient way to inspect large concrete civil infrastructures for damage that might lead to catastrophic failure. Due to the large penetration depths required for concrete structures, the use of traditional piezoelectric transducer requires high power electric systems. In this study, a novel fluidic transducer based on a bistable fluidic amplifier is investigated. Previous experiments have shown that the switching action of the device produces a high-power broadband ultrasonic signal. This study will provide further insight into the switching behaviour of the fluidic switch. Therefore, parametric CFD simulations based on compressible supersonic RANS simulations were performed, varying the inlet pressure and velocity profiles for the control flow. Switching times are analyzed with different methods, and it was found that these are mostly independent of the slope of the velocity profile at the control port. Furthermore, it was found that an inversely proportional relationship exists between flow velocity in the throat and the switching time. The results agree with the theoretical background established by experimental studies that can be found in the literature.
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Zheng, Yan, Fan Ye, and Junyan Ren. "A 12-Bit, 100 MS/s SAR ADC Based on a Bridge Capacitor Array with Redundancy and Non-Linearity Calibration in 28 nm CMOS." Electronics 11, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050705.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a 12-bit, 100 MS/s successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on a bridge capacitor array with redundancy and non-linearity calibration. The differential non-linearity calibration method was proposed to compensate for the linearity, which is degraded by the parasitic capacitance of the bridge capacitor. To reduce the power dissipation and alleviate the settling error of the DAC capacitor array, a hybrid redundant scheme was proposed. A low-power, high-performance SAR ADC was implemented based on the proposed techniques. This SAR ADC prototype was implemented in 28 nm CMOS technology. Measurement results showed that the proposed SAR ADC could achieve a (signal-to-noise distortion ratio) SNDR of 61.46 dB and 58.82 dB at low and Nyquist input frequencies, respectively, resulting in figure of merits (FOMs) of 8.69 fJ/conversion and 11.8 fJ/conversion step, respectively. The SAR ADC core occupied an active area 0.0227 mm2.