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Статті в журналах з теми "Elastic layer"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 29 січня 2023

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1

Akiyama, Mari. "Elastic Fibers and F-Box and WD-40 Domain-Containing Protein 2 in Bovine Periosteum and Blood Vessels." Biomimetics 8, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010007.

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Анотація:

Elastic fibers form vessel walls, and elastic fiber calcification causes serious vascular diseases. Elastin is a well-known elastic fiber component; however, the insoluble nature of elastic fibers renders elastic fiber component analysis difficult. A previous study investigated F-box and WD-40 domain-containing protein 2 (FBXW2) in the cambium layer of bovine periosteum and hypothesized that fiber structures of FBXW2 are coated with osteocalcin during explant culture. Here, FBXW2 was expressed around some endothelial cells but not in all microvessels of the bovine periosteum. The author hypothesized that FBXW2 is expressed only in blood vessels with elastic fibers. Immunostaining and Elastica van Gieson staining indicated that FBXW2 was expressed in the same regions as elastic fibers and elastin in the cambium layer of the periosteum. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) was expressed in microvessels and periosteum-derived cells. Immunostaining and observation of microvessels with serial sections revealed that osteocalcin was not expressed around blood vessels at 6 and 7 weeks. However, blood vessels and periosteum connoted elastic fibers, FBXW2, and αSMA. These findings are expected to clarify the processes involved in the calcification of elastic fibers in blood vessels.

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2

Turuntaev, Sergey. "Peculiarities of Elastic Waves Generated by Fatigue Tensile Fractures." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 1779–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.1779.

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In the case of fracturing of rocks in subcritical stress state, the stress release due to fracturing could be accompanied by stress increase near the fracture tips, so the rock deformation near the tips could also generate elastic waves (so called "stopping-phase"). Results of experimental modeling of elastic wave generations by fatigue tensile fractures are considered. The model sample consisted of elastic layer made of rubber and fragile layer made of paraffin, the layers were bounded. The elastic layer was stretched and fixed, so the fragile layer was under static tension and started fracturing by tensile fractures. First fractures appeared in visually intact material, later fractures were preceded by a cloud of small "micro" fractures. The fracturing generated elastic waves, which had two components: one corresponded to fracturing of the fragile layer and had characteristic frequency 5-10 kHz; another one had frequency 100-300 Hz, opposite onset and corresponded to tension of elastic layer. It was concluded that tensile fractures in stressed rocks could be considered as a kind of a double-source of elastic waves: one source is the fracture itself, another source is an area of deformations due to stress increase in the vicinity of the fracture tips.

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3

Belan, S., A. Chernykh, and V. Lebedev. "Boundary layer of elastic turbulence." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 855 (September 21, 2018): 910–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.662.

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We investigate theoretically the near-wall region in elastic turbulence of a dilute polymer solution in the limit of large Weissenberg number. As has been established experimentally, elastic turbulence possesses a boundary layer where the fluid velocity field can be approximated by a steady shear flow with relatively small fluctuations on the top of it. Assuming that at the bottom of the boundary layer the dissolved polymers can be considered as passive objects, we examine analytically and numerically the statistics of the polymer conformation, which is highly non-uniform in the wall-normal direction. Next, imposing the condition that the passive regime terminates at the border of the boundary layer, we obtain an estimate for the ratio of the mean flow to the magnitude of the flow fluctuations. This ratio is determined by the polymer concentration, the radius of gyration of polymers and their length in the fully extended state. The results of our asymptotic analysis reproduce the qualitative features of elastic turbulence at finite Weissenberg numbers.

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4

Hortwitz, J. A., M. S. Engelman, and S. Rosenblat. "The visco-elastic Ekman layer." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 18, no. 1 (January 1985): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0257(85)85014-x.

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5

Blinovskii, A. "Resultant wave in an elastic-layer/elastic-space system." Mechanics of Composite Materials 27, no. 2 (1991): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00614734.

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6

Wilczyński, Arnold, and Marek Kociszewski. "Elastic properties of the layers of three-layer particleboards." European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 70, no. 1-3 (November 12, 2010): 357–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0497-8.

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7

Ting, T. C. T. "Mechanics of a thin anisotropic elastic layer and a layer that is bonded to an anisotropic elastic body or bodies." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 463, no. 2085 (July 3, 2007): 2223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2007.1875.

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Анотація:

When a very thin elastic layer is bonded to an elastic body, it is desirable to have effective boundary conditions for the interface between the layer and the body that take into account the existence of the layer. In the literature, this has been done for special anisotropic elastic layers. We consider here the layer that is a general anisotropic elastic material. The mechanics of a thin layer is studied for elastostatics as well as steady state waves. It is shown that one-component surface waves cannot propagate in a semi-infinite thin layer. We then present Love waves in an anisotropic elastic half-space bonded to a thin anisotropic elastic layer. The dispersion equation so obtained is valid for long wavelength. Finally, effective boundary conditions are presented for two thin layers bonded to two surfaces of a plate and a thin layer bonded between two anisotropic elastic half-spaces.

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8

Matveev, Sergey A., and A. S. Belokopytov. "Distribution of Displacements in Elastic Layer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 835 (May 2016): 568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.835.568.

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The displacements distribution on the depth of an elastic layer under normal loading is offered in this article. To approximate the displacements distribution the exponential dependence is used. The results of analytical approximation are compared to results of calculations by finiteelement method for various thickness of a layer.

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9

Choi, Ju Chan, Young Chan Choi, Dong Geon Jung, and Seong Ho Kong. "Elastic Buffer Layer Coupled Micro Probe." Journal of Sensor Science and Technology 22, no. 5 (September 30, 2013): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5369/jsst.2013.22.5.374.

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10

Abdelkader, M. Verid, and A. Ait Moussa. "Asymptotic study of thin elastic layer." Applied Mathematical Sciences 7 (2013): 5385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ams.2013.36331.

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11

Sartzetakis, Ippokratis, Konstantinos Christodoulopoulos, and Emmanuel Varvarigos. "Cross-Layer Adaptive Elastic Optical Networks." Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 10, no. 2 (January 17, 2018): A154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/jocn.10.00a154.

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12

Volchkov, Yu M., and L. A. Dergileva. "Equations of an Elastic Anisotropic Layer." Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 45, no. 2 (March 2004): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jamt.0000017595.79034.17.

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13

Vatul’yan, A. O., M. A. Dvoskin, and P. S. Satunovskii. "Oscillations of an inhomogeneous elastic layer." Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 47, no. 3 (May 2006): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10808-006-0075-3.

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14

Zheng, Xin, Yan Zhang, Xia Xin Tao, Fu Tong Wang, and Li Li Xie. "Research on Model Calculating Depth of Environmental Vibration Caused by the Ground Rail Traffic Load." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 1698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.1698.

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In order to reduce the computation amount and to ensure to compute environmental vibrations caused by ground rail traffic load comprehensively and accurately, calculating depth of the model for the ground was researched. The ground is simplified to a single layer elastic half-space model, and the dynamic Green's function of vertical displacement on the surface of the model was derived by using transfer matrix within frequency wave-number domain. vibration displacement amplitude in the range of 10 to 60 m away from the surface of the model to the vibration center were compared with different thickness of model and the elastic half-space model caused by the ground rail traffic load. It showed that the calculation results are quite different with different cover thickness, but with the increase of the cover thickness of layer, the results of single layer elastic half-space model approached the elastic half-space model. When the cover lager thickness reached to 25m, the difference of the magnitude was less than 5%.

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15

Wang, Xin, and Qi Gen Tong. "Analysis Structure and Composition of Egg Yolk." Advanced Materials Research 997 (August 2014): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.997.268.

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In this paper, the structure and composition of the egg yolk has guiding effect to the quality problem of the egg yolk, processed foods. Yolks studies three levels, namely, the middle elastic layer, sand viscous layer, the outer layer. An analysis of the composition of the three levels as A result, in addition to vitamin A, egg yolk center among all kinds of trace elements content in the adhesive layer is egg yolk elastic layer and the external sand layer; At the same time, the egg yolk of external sandy layer in magnesium, iron, zinc and calcium content in the middle elastic layer; And constant composition of ash, the highest protein content of egg yolk center viscous layer, cholesterol, fat content of egg yolk highest elastic layer, middle carbohydrate content is the highest egg yolk of external sandy layer.

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16

Pierucci, Mauro, and Pedro Morales. "Interaction between a laminar boundary layer and an elastic layer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 80, S1 (December 1986): S15—S16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2023674.

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17

Malíková, L., P. Doubek, P. Miarka, and S. Seitl. "Crack behaviour at the interface of a surface layer applied on a steel substrate by laser cladding." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1209, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1209/1/012049.

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Abstract An influence of the bi-material interface between a steel substrate and a thin protective layer applied through laser cladding was investigated. A range of elastic properties and thicknesses of the layer were considered to cover the behaviour of a short crack in the selected materials such as bronze, nickel or cobalt alloys. The special case of the crack terminating directly at the interface was investigated, which is connected to the necessity of application of generalized approaches of linear elastic fracture mechanics. The results contribute to better understanding of fracture response of selected materials and to a more reliable decision on choosing a proper material of the protective layer.

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18

Yang, Zhen, Xiuli Zhang, Yanzhen Wang, and Yuanliang Zhao. "Study on elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of double-layer composite water-lubricated bearings." Mechanics & Industry 24 (2023): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/meca/2022029.

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Double-layer composite water-lubricated bearing is a new type of water-lubricated bearing which can integrate the good damping performance of low elastic under-layer bush and good tribological performance of plastic layer bush. This paper analyzes its elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance by fluid–structure interaction (FSI) method, and studies the effects of eccentricity ratio, rotational speed, elastic modulus distribution and thickness distribution of bearing bush on its lubrication performance. Results show that the lubrication performance of double-layer bearing is more like that of plastic bearing. As rotational speed and eccentricity ratio increase, the maximum water film pressure, the load carrying capacity and the maximum bush deformation increase significantly. As the elastic modulus of the low elastic under-layer bush decreases, the total bush deformation increases significantly, but the load carrying capacity decreases slightly. The bush thickness distribution influences the deformation distribution of both low elastic under-layer bush and plastic layer bush, but have little impact on the total bush deformation and bearing lubrication performance.

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19

LEONENKO, Denis V. "ELASTIC BENDING OF A THREE-LAYER CIRCULAR PLATE WITH STEP-VARIABLE THICKNESS." Mechanics of Machines, Mechanisms and Materials 1, no. 54 (March 2021): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.46864/1995-0470-2020-1-54-25-29.

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The bending of a three-layer elastic circular plate with step-variable thickness is considered. To describe kinematics of asymmetrical in thickness core pack, the broken line hypotheses are accepted. In thin bearing layers, Kirchhoff’s hypotheses are valid. In a relatively thick filler incompressible in thickness, Timoshenko’s hypothesis on the straightness and incompressibility of the deformed normal is fulfilled. The formulation of the corresponding boundary value problem is presented. Equilibrium equations are obtained by the variational Lagrange method. The solution of the boundary value problem is reduced to finding three required functions in each section, deflection, shear and radial displacement of the median plane of the filler. An inhomogeneous system of ordinary linear differential equations is obtained for these functions. The boundary conditions correspond to rigid pinching of the plate contour. A parametric analysis of the obtained solution is carried out.

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20

You, Sung Jun, In Joon Jang, and Usik Lee. "Spectral Element Modeling for Elastic Two-Layer Beams." Advanced Materials Research 26-28 (October 2007): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.26-28.297.

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This paper develops a spectral element model for elastic-elastic two-layered beams. First, the axial-bending coupled equations of motion for an elastic two-layer laminated beam are derived. The spectral element model is then formulated by using the wave solutions satisfying governing equations in frequency-domain as the frequency-dependent shape functions. The spectral element model is finally applied to a cantilevered elastic-elastic two-layered beam as an illustrative problem. The high accuracy of the present spectral element model is verified by comparing the SEM results with those obtained by conventional FEM.

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21

Dobrovolsky, Igor Petrovich. "Elastic Layer on the Elastic Half-Space: The Solution in Matrixes." OALib 08, no. 02 (2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107191.

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22

Sepiani, H., A. Rastgoo, M. Ahmadi, A. Ghorbanpour Arani, and K. Sepanloo. "Elastic Stability Analysis of a Two-Layered Functionally Graded Cylindrical Shell under Axial Compression with the use of Energy Approach." Advanced Composites Letters 18, no. 6 (November 2009): 096369350901800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350901800604.

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This paper investigates the elastic axisymmetric buckling of a thin, simply supported functionally graded (FG) cylindrical shell embedded with an elastic layer under axial compression. The analysis is based on energy method and simplified nonlinear strain-displacement relations for axial compression. Material properties of functionally graded cylindrical shell are considered graded in the thickness direction according to a power-law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. Using minimum potential energy together with Euler equations, equilibrium equations are obtained. Consequently, stability equation of functionally graded cylindrical shell with an elastic layer is acquired by means of minimum potential energy theory and Trefftz criteria. Another analysis is made using the equivalent properties of FG material. Numerical results for stainless steel-ceramic cylindrical shell and aluminum layer are obtained and critical load curves are analyzed for a cylindrical shell with an elastic layer. A comparison is made to the results in the literature. The results show that the elastic stability of functionally graded cylindrical shell with an elastic layer is dependent on the material composition and FGM index factor, and the shell geometry parameters and it is concluded that the application of an elastic layer increases elastic stability and significantly reduces the weight of cylindrical shells.

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23

Eberhardt, A. W., J. L. Lewis, and L. M. Keer. "Normal Contact of Elastic Spheres With Two Elastic Layers as a Model of Joint Articulation." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 113, no. 4 (November 1, 1991): 410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895420.

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An analytical model of two elastic spheres with two elastic layers in normal, frictionless contact is developed which simulates contact of articulating joints, and allows for the calculation of stresses and displacements in the layered region of contact. Using various layer/layer/substrate combinations, the effects of variations in layer and substrate properties are determined in relation to the occurrence of tensile and shear stresses as the source of crack initiation in joint cartilage and bone. Vertical cracking at the cartilage surface and horizontal splitting at the tidemark have been observed in joints with primary osteoarthritis. Deep vertical cracks in the calcified cartilage and underlying bone have been observed in blunt trauma experiments. The current model shows that cartilage stresses for a particular system are a function of the ratio of contact radius to total layer thickness (a/h). Surface tension, which is observed for a/h small, is alleviated as a/h is increased due to increased load, softening and/or thinning of the cartilage layer. Decreases in a/h due to cartilage stiffening lead to increased global compressive stresses and increased incidence of surface tension, consistent with impact-induced surface cracks. Cartilage stresses are not significantly affected by variations in stiffness of the underlying material. Tensile radial strains in the cartilage layer approach one-third of the normal compressive strains, and increase significantly with cartilage softening. For cases where the middle layer stiffness exceeds that of the underlying substrate, tensile stresses occur at the base of the middle layer, consistent with impact induced cracks in the zone of calcified cartilage and subchondral bone. The presence of the superficial tangential zone appears to have little effect on underlying cartilage stresses.

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24

Ozsahin, T. S., and O. Taskıner. "Contact Problem for an Elastic Layer on an Elastic Half Plane Loaded by Means of Three Rigid Flat Punches." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/137427.

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Анотація:

The frictionless contact problem for an elastic layer resting on an elastic half plane is considered. The problem is solved by using the theory of elasticity and integral transformation technique. The compressive loadsPandQ(per unit thickness in direction) are applied to the layer through three rigid flat punches. The elastic layer is also subjected to uniform vertical body force due to effect of gravity. The contact along the interface between elastic layer and half plane is continuous, if the value of the load factor,λ, is less than a critical value, . In this case, initial separation loads, and initial separation points, are determined. Also the required distance between the punches to avoid any separation between the punches and the elastic layer is studied and the limit distance between punches that ends interaction of punches is investigated for various dimensionless quantities. However, if tensile tractions are not allowed on the interface, for the layer separates from the interface along a certain finite region. Numerical results for distance determining the separation area, vertical displacement in the separation zone, contact stress distribution along the interface between elastic layer and half plane are given for this discontinuous contact case.

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25

Xu, Jia Chu, Zong Fu Zhang, and Jie Lin. "Prediction of the Effective Elastic Moduli of the Nanoparticle-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites Considering Interface Effects." Advanced Materials Research 460 (February 2012): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.460.107.

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Based on the analysis of the interaction of the nano-particles and the matrix interface layer, assuming when the elastic properties of the interface layer change the total energy difference arising from it transfer to the nanoparticle surface, the effective elastic moduli of the nanoparticles with interface equilibrium can be obtained. Using the traditional continuum micromechanics approach, the effective modulus tensor and effective elastic moduli of spherical nanoparticles reinforced polymer matrix composite considering the interface layer effects of nanoparticles – matrix is predicted, and the effects of the volume fraction (mass fraction), the average particle size of nanoparticles and interface layer structural parameters and elastic properties to effective elastic moduli of composite materials is discussed

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26

Kotoul, Michal, and Tomas Vyslouzil. "Effect of Elastic Mismatch and Anisotropy on Cracking of Brittle Films on Elastic Substrates." Key Engineering Materials 465 (January 2011): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.465.235.

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The paper analyzes the depth and spacing of cracks in a tensile strained In0.25Ga0.75As epitaxial layer on a InP substrate using the minimum energy theorem. The elastic anisotropy of both the layer and the substrate is considered. The concept of weight function obtained numerically by means of detailed FEM is employed.

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27

Cho, Ki-Hyun, and Youngman Kim. "Elastic modulus measurement of multilayer metallic thin films." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 5 (May 1999): 1996–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0269.

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Two- and three-layer composite models were developed using a beam vibration theory, and the models were applied for measuring Young's moduli of thin metallic films. The Cr, Ni, and Co-coated Si wafer composites (two-layer composite) and (Cr/Ti/Si) composites (three-layer composite) were produced by radio-frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering and used to test the developed models. Young's moduli of (Cr) films obtained by the three-layer composite model agree well with those of (Cr) films obtained by the two-layer composite model, considering (Ti/Si) as the one layer and (Cr) as the other layer. This suggests that moduli of multilayer films may be obtained by using a two-layer composite model repeatedly.

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28

Ge, Liqin, Xing Wang, Long Ba, and Zhongze Gu. "Hydrogen-Bonding Layer Protecting Polyelectrolyte Capsules and Its Mechanical Property Study with Atomic Force Microscope." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 2996–3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.156.

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The hydrogen-bonding multilayered polyelectrolyte capsules with sizes around 6 μm were fabricated by layer-by-layer self-assembly method. The morphology of the obtained capsules was observed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), respectively. The elastic properties of the capsules were studied with AFM. The capsule was pressed by cantilever with different lengths, a glass bead glued at the end of the cantilever. The force curves were measured on the capsule in air. The Young's modulus of the capsule was obtained (E = 170 MPa for the loading). Results show that this model can predict the elastic deformation of the microcapsule. The accuracy of the elastic deformation of polymer capsule can be ensured using a cantilever of mediate stiffness. Our results show that the existence of the hydrogen-bonding layer makes the multilayered polyelectrolyte harder in comparison with the pure multilayered polyelectrolyte capsules.

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29

Li, Xian Fang, and Guo Jin Tang. "Internal crack in a piezoelectric layer sandwiched between two elastic layers." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 20, no. 1 (August 17, 2004): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-2004-294.

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30

Wang, B. L., and Y. W. Mai. "Fracture of a piezoelectric material layer bonded by two elastic layers." International Journal of Engineering Science 40, no. 15 (September 2002): 1697–727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-7225(02)00065-4.

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31

Gad-el-Hak, Mohamed. "The Response of Elastic and Viscoelastic Surfaces to a Turbulent Boundary Layer." Journal of Applied Mechanics 53, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3171714.

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Анотація:

The unstable response of elastic and viscoelastic surfaces to a turbulent boundary layer was experimentally investigated in an 18-m towing tank. The compliant surface deformation was measured using a remote optical technique. The “Laser Displacement Gauge” employs a Reticon camera equipped with a linear array of 256 photodiodes spaced 25 microns apart. The device was used to measure the characteristics of two classes of hydroelastic instability waves that form on elastic or viscoelastic surfaces as a reuslt of the interaction with a turbulent boundary layer. The instability waves developing on an elastic surface are symmetric and have a relatively high phase speed and a small wavelength, as compared to the slow and highly nonlinear “static-divergence” waves observed on the viscoelastic surface. The experimentally determined wave characteristics are compared to existing theories on compliant surface instabilities.

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32

Zhou, Ju, Chang Jun Qiu, and De Wen Tang. "Finite Element Simulation of Laser Cladding Layer Crack by Micro-Regulation Forging." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.364.

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Micro-plastic deformation is produced on the surface of the laser cladding layer by micro-forging, and crack makes a change in cladding layer. In this paper, a finite element model with a simplified panel strain model elastic-plastic of stress and strain relationship and adaptive meshing technique was used to simulate laser cladding layer crack by using DEFORM-2D software. Laser cladding process of cracks by micro-regulation forging is simulated. Comparing to the measurement of crack width, the results show that micro-forging can make the surface of laser cladding layer the residual tensile stress to adjust compressive stress, and the micro-forging can significantly reduce or eliminate the laser cladding layer crack. Reasonable and effective regulation of high-frequency micro-forging can improve the surface quality in micro-cladding layer.

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33

Schall, P. J., and J. P. McHugh. "The Stability of a Two-Layer Inviscid Flow Between an Elastic Layer and a Rigid Boundary." Journal of Applied Mechanics 66, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2789146.

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The linear stability of two-layer flow over an infinite elastic substraw is considered. The problem is motivated by coating flow in a printing press. The flow is assumed to be inviscid and irrotational. Surface tension between the fluid layers is included, but gravity is neglected. The results show two unstable modes: one mode associated with the interface between the elastic layer and the fluid (mode 1), and the other concentrated on the interface between the two fluids (mode 2). The behavior of the unstable modes is examined while varying the elastic parameters, and it is found that mode 1 can be made stable, but mode 2 remains unstable at small wavenumber, similar to the classic Kelvin—Helmholtz mode.

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34

Kaczynski, A., S. J. Matysiak, and V. J. Pauk. "Griffith crack in a laminated elastic layer." International Journal of Fracture 67, no. 4 (June 1994): R81—R86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00032505.

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35

Chen, Zhou, Xiaofei Zhang, and Jizhou Song. "Surface wrinkling of an elastic graded layer." Soft Matter 14, no. 43 (2018): 8717–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01654b.

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Shu, Haisheng, Lihuan Xu, Xiaona Shi, Lei Zhao, and Jie Zhu. "Traveling Lamb wave in elastic metamaterial layer." Journal of Applied Physics 120, no. 16 (October 28, 2016): 165103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4965858.

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Mendialdua, J., T. Szwacka, A. Rodriguez, and L. Dobrzynski. "Surface transverse elastic waves inN-layer superlattices." Physical Review B 39, no. 15 (May 15, 1989): 10674–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.39.10674.

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Etienne, S., Z. Ayadi, M. Nivoit, and J. Montagnon. "Elastic modulus determination of a thin layer." Materials Science and Engineering: A 370, no. 1-2 (April 2004): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.01.005.

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39

Jeon, S. P., Y. Tanigawa, and T. Hata. "Axisymmetric problem of a nonhomogeneous elastic layer." Archive of Applied Mechanics (Ingenieur Archiv) 68, no. 1 (February 23, 1998): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004190050143.

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Makaryan, V., M. Sutton, D. Hasanyan, and X. Deng. "Cracked elastic layer under compressive mechanical loads." International Journal of Solids and Structures 48, no. 7-8 (April 2011): 1210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2011.01.004.

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41

Barber, J. R. "Contact problems for the thin elastic layer." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 32, no. 2 (January 1990): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7403(90)90112-v.

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42

Kaplunov, J., and A. Krynkin. "Resonance vibrations of an elastic interfacial layer." Journal of Sound and Vibration 294, no. 4-5 (July 2006): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2005.11.030.

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43

Appelö, Daniel, and Gunilla Kreiss. "A new absorbing layer for elastic waves." Journal of Computational Physics 215, no. 2 (July 2006): 642–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2005.11.006.

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44

Haughton, D. M. "Boundary layer solutions for incompressible elastic cylinders." International Journal of Engineering Science 30, no. 8 (August 1992): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7225(92)90027-e.

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45

Chen, Y. C., and K. R. Rajagopal. "Stability of deformation of an elastic layer." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 108, no. 1 (1989): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01055750.

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46

Kanoh, Hirofumi, Atsushi Kondo, Hiroshi Noguchi, Hiroshi Kajiro, Aya Tohdoh, Yoshiyuki Hattori, Wei-Chun Xu, et al. "Elastic layer-structured metal organic frameworks (ELMs)." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 334, no. 1 (June 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2009.03.020.

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47

Wu, Yangyong, Chaomin Mu, Hui Zhang, and Hui Zhou. "Sensitivity Analysis of Influencing Factors of Underground Civil Air Defense Construction Vibration under Vehicle Load." Applied Sciences 12, no. 23 (December 2, 2022): 12361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122312361.

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Анотація:

Grey correlation theory is an uncertainty analysis method, which can find the relevance of various factors studied through certain data processing in incomplete information and find the main influencing factors. In order to study the influence of vehicle load on the vibration of underground civil air defense construction, taking the civil air defense construction at the intersection of Zhongzhou Middle Road and Shachang South Road in Luoyang as the study subject, based on the field measured data, and using ANSYS to expand the working conditions, this paper studies the influence of such factors as elastic modulus of concrete, thickness of overburden layer, density of soil layer, elastic modulus of soil layer, vehicle speed, and vehicle mass on the vibration of the civil air defense construction through the grey correlation sensitivity analysis method. The field measurement and numerical simulation results show that the displacement, velocity, and acceleration values decrease gradually from the mid−span position of the roof to the wall. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration are important indexes for evaluating vibration. The grey correlation degree of the influencing factors of displacement and velocity from large to small is density of soil layer, vehicle mass, vehicle speed, elastic modulus of concrete, elastic modulus of soil layer, and thickness of overburden layer. The grey correlation degree of the influencing factors of acceleration from large to small is vehicle mass, layer of density of soil layer, vehicle speed, elastic modulus of concrete, elastic modulus of soil layer, and thickness of overburden layer. The grey correlation degree of soil layer density, vehicle mass and vehicle speed to displacement, velocity, and acceleration is 0.7951–0.9993, which indicates that their influence is significant. This study can provide reference for the design and construction of similar civil air defense constructions.

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48

Li, Yan Ru, Hai Bo Jiang, and Zhong Qing Cheng. "Calculations of the Elastic Modulus and Internal Stresses of Orthogonal Symmetric Laminated Plates." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.191.

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The calculations of the elastic modulus and the internal stresses of the orthogonal symmetric laminated plates are very difficult, so experimental or numerical simulation methods were used generally. This paper proposed an Equivalent Strain Model, which can greatly simplify the derivation process of the analytical formulas. By the Equivalent Strain Model, the elastic modulus formula of two-layer plate was derived, and the formula shows that the elastic modulus of the laminated plate meets to the mixture rule of the cross-sectional area ratio of each its single-layer plate; Other formulas derived show that the stress within each single-layer plate is proportional to its elastic modulus and the external load stress, and is inversely proportional to the elastic modulus of the laminated plate. The formula of the average shear stress between two single-layer plates also was derived. Recursive method can be used for multilayer plate calculations.

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49

Aliyev, E. A. "Local near-surface buckling of a system consisting of an elastic (viscoelastic) substrate, a viscoelastic (elastic) bond layer, and an elastic (viscoelastic) covering layer." Mechanics of Composite Materials 43, no. 6 (November 2007): 521–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11029-007-0049-4.

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50

Eremeev, I. A., A. A. Koryakin, and S. A. Kukushkin. "Elastic properties of porous silicon layer of hybrid SiC/Si substrates." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2086, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012006.

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Abstract Elastic properties of porous silicon layer of hybrid SiC/Si substrates grown by the atomic substitution method are investigated. The feature of the growth method is the formation of the macroporous silicon layer at the SiC/Si interface during growth. The elastic properties of the layer are studied using the finite element method. The biaxial modulus of the porous silicon is obtained as a function of porosity considering the different shape of the pores and presence of thin SiC boundary layer. The presence of the pores in the silicon layer adjacent to SiC results in the decrease of the elastic moduli by about 35%. However, this leads to a negligibly small change of the substrate curvature.

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