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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 27 липня 2024

Оновлено: 29 липня 2024

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1

Abdulameer, Mohammed Salim. "THE EFFECT OF FEMINISM ON EGYPTIAN LITERATURE." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 06, no. 05 (May 12, 2024): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue05-06.

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This study examines the contemporary Egyptian female subculture movements that have brought life to the nation's media landscape. According to the study, women have created unique strategies for encouraging a shared discussion on the significance of social change. Their emphasis on lifestyle issues often reserved for closed-door private discussions enables them to question social norms without upsetting the government or security services and entering the polarised political environment. This article examines the objectives and internal workings of three distinct online feminist initiatives using case studies. Through semi-structured interviews with important participants, we were able to understand the evolution of these groups from networks to movements and ultimately into the organizations we are familiar with today.

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2

Khan, Farman Ullah, and Syed Abdul Salam Bacha. "Society in Manfaluti Innovative Literature." Journal of Islamic and Religious Studies 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36476/jirs.1:2.12.2016.10.

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This article describes the social problems face by the Egyptian people in the late nineteenth and beginning of twentieth century which are tackled by the writer Mu╖═afā Lu═fī Manfalū═ī in his articles and parables. In the mentioned period the Egyptian society was prone to immoralities carved by the English regime. Bad governance, deprivation of the Egyptian society from their basic rights, and negligence towards Islam were the major shortcomings on the part of the ruling elite. While poverty, problems of women, immorality, offence and other social evils were the main troubles on the part of Egyptian society. This article deals with the way the writer tackled those problems in his writings.

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3

Fischer-Bovet, Christelle. "EGYPTIAN WARRIORS: THEMACHIMOIOF HERODOTUS AND THE PTOLEMAIC ARMY." Classical Quarterly 63, no. 1 (April 24, 2013): 209–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000983881200064x.

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The role and status of the Egyptians in the army of Hellenistic Egypt (323–30b.c.) has been a debated question that goes back to the position within Late Period Egyptian society (664–332b.c.) of the Egyptian warriors described by Herodotus asmachimoi. Until a few decades ago, Ptolemaic military institutions were perceived as truly Greco-Macedonian and the presence of Egyptians in the army during the first century of Ptolemaic rule was contested. The Egyptians were thought of as being unfit to be good soldiers. Egyptians would have been hired only as late as 217b.c.to fight against the Seleucid king Antiochus III in Raphia. The Ptolemaic victory (in fact rather a status quo) was made possible thanks to the addition of twenty thousand Egyptians to reinforce the Greek army. For a long time the subsequent role of Egyptians in the Ptolemaic army in the second and first centuriesb.c.did not attract much attention. One usually assumed that they were ‘second-rate soldiers’ calledmachimoi. In recent decades, the scholarship on Ptolemaic Egypt, notably Demotic studies, reasserted the role of Egyptians in the Ptolemaic army from the late fourth century onwards.

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4

Rosenbaum, Gabriel M. "Address Forms in Egyptian Literature." Arabist: Budapest Studies in Arabic 19-20 (1998): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.58513/arabist.1998.19-20.10.

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The article investigates the use of differential address forms in Egyptian Arabic, both in oral communication and in written texts. In addition to the address forms of Modern Standard Arabic which are used in Egypt in formal communication, the Egyptian dialect has a larger variety of address forms which are used in everyday communication. Although some of these forms date from the period before the 1952 revolution, the intensive use of address forms in everyday communication in Egyptian society has brought about the creation of new address forms, as well as a devaluation in the status of some common address forms and their replacement by others, considered more ‘respectable’. The usage of different address forms is illustrated through literary examples.

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5

Aripova, Zukhra. "Sufi Motives in the Literature of the Egyptian Period." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 02 (February 20, 2020): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i2/pr200348.

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6

Enmarch, Roland, and J. L. Foster. "Ancient Egyptian Literature. An Anthology." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 88 (2002): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3822350.

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7

Leahy, M. A. "Book Review: Ancient Egyptian Literature." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 71, no. 1_suppl (August 1988): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751338507101s35.

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8

El-Dakhs, Dina Abdel Salam. "Saying “Yes” and “No” to requests." Language and Dialogue 8, no. 2 (October 12, 2018): 235–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.00014.eld.

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Abstract The current study adopts a variational pragmatic approach to compare the dialogic sequence of the directive speech act of request and its reaction of consent versus refusal in Egyptian and Saudi Arabic. To this end, 413 Egyptian and Saudi undergraduate students completed a Discourse Completion Task (DCT). Data analysis indicated more differences between Egyptian and Saudi Arabic in request consent strategies than refusal strategies. Among the noted differences in consent strategies were Egyptians’ stronger preference for direct strategies and elaborate responses than Saudis who displayed more varied combination patterns and exhibited stronger gender differences. In refusal strategies, however, a general similarity between Egyptians and Saudis was obvious at the level of strategies, combination patterns and the influence of social factors.

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9

Mohammed, Said Nasser, and Heba Khairy Metwaly. "Digitization and the Collection Sustainability." Studies in Digital Heritage 7, no. 2 (June 4, 2024): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/sdh.v7i2.36417.

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This study focuses on the efforts and projects to create and sustain the digital transformation of the museum collection in the Grand Egyptian Museum project. GEM is considered one of the cultural enlightenment projects where Egyptian heritage truly meets the latest technological innovations. GEM's one-of-a-kind and valuable collection will be displayed under overwhelming themes and narratives that will depict the ancient Egyptians' life, customs, death, and rebirth beliefs, which they performed and lived for almost 5,000 years. Egyptian cultural materials are spread across all of Egypt and managed by hundreds of museums; the task of digitization is a common challenge for all these museums. The study relied mainly on the quantitative method. The literature review and systematic observation were examined to study the trend toward the sustainability of GEM museum collections. Digital sustainability and digitization in Egyptian museums are constrained by limited knowledge capacity, fundraising resources, and ICT infrastructure. Faced with these constraints, the Grand Egyptian Museum has addressed these challenges with an interdisciplinary approach through collaborative planning, management, digitization, and digital presentation of its collections.

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10

Rutherford, Ian. "The genealogy of the boukoloi: how Greek literature appropriated an Egyptian narrative-motif." Journal of Hellenic Studies 120 (November 2000): 106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/632483.

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The subject of this paper is the relationship between the Demotic Egyptian Inaros-Petubastis Cycle and the Greek novel. I will not argue that the Greek novel as a whole arose from Egyptian literature; that theory has been rightly laid to rest by scholars working in the area, most recently by Susan Stephens and the late Jack Winkler in their edition of the fragments of the novel. What I want to do, rather, is to draw attention to a single motif that might have made its way from Egyptian narrative fiction to the Greek novel; to explore the background of this motif in Egyptian literature; and to discuss the mode through which this motif was appropriated by the Greek novelists. This motif concerns the boukoloi, outlaw shepherds who inhabit the Egyptian Delta and oppose central Egyptian authority.

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11

عبد المسيح الفى حبيب, کريستين. "Animal Metaphor in ancient Egyptian literature." مجلة کلية الآداب جامعة أسوان 4, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mkasu.2018.212560.

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12

Morenz, Ludwig D., and Antonio Loprieno. "Ancient Egyptian Literature: History and Forms." Journal of the American Oriental Society 119, no. 1 (January 1999): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/605578.

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13

Southerland, Ellease. "Egyptian Symbols and Contemporary Black Literature." Black Scholar 19, no. 4-5 (July 1988): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00064246.1988.11412831.

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14

Rooney, Caroline. "Egyptian Literary Culture and Egyptian Modernity: Introduction." Journal of Postcolonial Writing 47, no. 4 (September 2011): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449855.2011.590308.

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15

Voytenko, Anton. "Egyptians and Byzantium. On the Question of Political Subjectivity in Late Antiquity." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 4. Istorija. Regionovedenie. Mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija, no. 6 (December 2022): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2022.6.12.

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Introduction. The article focuses on the reasons for the lack of political subjectivity among the Egyptians in the Byzantine period (4th – first half of the 7th centuries). During this period, the population of Egypt did not demonstrate it at any level: social movements (uprisings) did not offer such agenda; studies on literature and rhetoric show that the Egyptians were under the influence of the Roman statehood (Eastern Roman Empire). The aims of the study are therefore concentrated around the consideration of the causes and terms of the loss of political subjectivity by the Egyptians, and the reasons for the increase of it among the Romans. An additional task was a comparative analysis of the political and religious systems of Ancient Rome and Ancient Egypt and the possible influence of religious features on the configuration of political systems. Methods. The main methods used in the study are factor analysis and the comparative method. Analysis. The ancient Egyptian political system was “introverted” and static in nature. The complete loss of political subjectivity by the Egyptians can be, however, attributed to the Roman period. In the Persian and Ptolemaic ones, its existence is preserved due to two main factors: the practices of the Persians and Ptolemies to present themselves as Egyptian pharaohs and the strong positions of the Egyptian priesthood, who could keep an ancient political subjectivity. Results. The Romans, who refused to continue Ptolemaic practices and took drastic measures to limit the economic independence of the Egyptian priesthood, managed to nullify its authentic political subjectivity. Thanks to an “extroverted” and transformative political model, supported by a “political theology” based on the “Roman myth”, the Roman state managed to maintain (or even strengthen) its subjectivity in the period of late Antiquity.

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16

Fouskas, Theodoros. "Low-status work repercussions on Egyptians’ collective organisation." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 34, no. 7/8 (July 8, 2014): 418–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-04-2013-0043.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the repercussions of work and employment in low-status jobs upon the collective organisation and representation of Egyptian immigrant workers. Design/methodology/approach – Focusing on results from 117 in-depth interviews, the qualitative research (2010-2013) and analysis examines the case of Egyptians in Athens, Greece and on how the frame of their work and their employment affects participation in the immigrant work association Union of Egyptian Workers in Greece/EL-RAPTA and in Greek trade unions as well. Findings – Evidence from in-depth interviews proves that Egyptians are supported by friendly and relative relations in search for solidarity; they develop individualistic behaviours and find alternative solutions for survival and protection. Practical implications – Through the research, what is analysed is how immigration has affected social welfare and collective forms of representation but also how the immigrants themselves view and act within the collective frameworks. The results are of great concern to immigration policymakers to facilitate integration, combat undeclared work and identify weaknesses in worker rights and organisations. Originality/value – The research, the first in Greece specifically for Egyptians immigrant workers and their work association, contributes to the broader body of sociological literature on the study of labour migration and immigrant voluntary associations and it is original as it is based on primary research on the experiences of Egyptian immigrants.

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17

Arkumarev, Volen, Mike McGrady, and Ivaylo Angelov. "A literature review of occurrence of Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) resident in Africa." Vulture News 77, no. 1 (September 21, 2020): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/vulnew.v77i1.1.

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The Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus is a globally endangered species that is experiencing rapid population declines throughout most of its range. Conservation of Egyptian Vultures in Africa is globally important because it holds a resident population of 1 000 – 2 000 breeding pairs, harbours a significant but unknown number of Eurasian migrants during the boreal winter, and many non-adult Egyptian Vultures reared in Eurasia dwell in Africa until they mature. Africa comprises approximately half of the area of the global range of the species. Once considered common and widespread in many parts of Africa, Egyptian Vulture is now one of the vulture species that is most threatened with extinction. Egyptian Vulture is considered extinct as a breeding species in Southern Africa, and continuous population declines have been reported from most of its African range, resulting in a population reduction of perhaps 75%. Despite these declines, there is an apparent lack of systematic observations, and its current status in many African countries is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the magnitude of the various threats and their impact on resident and wintering Egyptian Vultures. Data-deficiency hinders conservation efforts across the continent. We conducted an extensive review of published and unpublished information on the resident Egyptian Vulture populations in Africa, in an attempt to systemize the available knowledge of the species’ historic and current occurrence on a country-by country basis and identify the threats it faces. Information was found from 39 countries; no records of Egyptian Vultures were found in 16 other countries. In 12 countries where Egyptian Vultures have been observed, breeding has never been confirmed, and observations most likely refer to vagrants or wintering individuals. The Horn of Africa appears to be a relative stronghold, but there too, losses almost certainly have occurred. Poisoning, electrocution and direct killing for belief-based practices are considered the main mortality factors, and are hampering the species’ recovery. The review highlights the dire status of Egyptian Vultures in Africa, and calls for the urgent implementation of various large-scale conservation measures that will combat threats, secure the survival of the species on the continent, and make Africa safer for migrants coming from Eurasia.

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18

Cooke, Miriam, Abdel Rahman al-Sharqawi, and Desmond Stewart. "Egyptian Earth." World Literature Today 66, no. 1 (1992): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40148082.

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19

Mihajlović, Danilo. "Characteristics of Interpretation of Old Testament Wisdom books in Egyptian Lives of the Fathers (Paterikon)." Sabornost, no. 14 (2020): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sabornost2014055m.

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Exegesis of Old Testament by Egyptian ascetics is yet to be discovered. Interpretational patterns of biblical texts in Egyptian Lives of Fathers (Paterikon) are specific because they are reflecting nature of Egyptian fathers' ascetical praxis in Early Church. Representative examples of this kind of exegesis could be find in quotations of Old Testament Wisdom literature in above mentioned Egyptian Lives of Fathers. Special attention should be paid to literal readings of this kind of Old Testament literature, as well as on making analogies.

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20

Larkin, Margaret. "A Brigand Hero of Egyptian Colloquial Literature." Journal of Arabic Literature 23, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006492x00114.

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21

Enmarch, Roland. "Book Review: Ancient Egyptian Literature. An Anthology." Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 88, no. 1 (December 2002): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030751330208800119.

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22

Michalak-Pikulska, Barbara, and Sebastian Gadomski. "The Beginnings of Egyptian Science Fiction Literature." Studia Litteraria 17, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843933st.22.019.16171.

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There has been a long debate about the origins of science fiction literature in Egypt. Scholars debate who was the first writer to include motifs of the genre, who made references to it and sought inspiration in it. It is commonly assumed that the beginnings of science fiction in Egypt date back to the late forties or early fifties of the last century, and Taufīq al-Ḥakīm and Yūsuf ‘Izz ad-Dīn ‘Īsàare mentioned as pioneers of the genre. But were they definitely the first writers who alluded to science fiction in their literary works? Did this literary genre in Egypt really appear in the 1940s or 1950s? Drawing on the latest studies, the authors of the article attempt to answer these questions and bring the beginnings of science fiction literature in Egypt closer to the fore. They also seek to highlight the importance of the first examples of SF literature in Egypt and their role in promoting the new literary genre in the country.

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23

al-Kharrat, Edwar. "Egyptian Heart, French Tongue." Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art 2021, no. 49 (November 1, 2021): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10757163-9435737.

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Only a few traces of Egyptian Francophone writers exist among the pages of old, outdated books and anthologies. Even though Albert Cossery, Ahmed Rassim, Georges Henein, Joyce Mansour, and Edmond Jabès were stranded in the land and language of diaspora, they stayed Egyptian at heart. The author, a novelist, poet, and critic himself, takes each of these writers and individually explores the aesthetics and impact of their work to ultimately consider the question: Is what they wrote considered Egyptian literature, or does it remain Francophone and, thus, French literature? In the process, the author articulates his appreciation that these writers exhibit a deep underlying Egyptian sensitivity.

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24

Al-Hout, Ahmed. "E. M. Forster in Egypt." International Journal of Arabic-English Studies 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33806/ijaes2000.4.1.3.

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The research aims at examining the kind of relationship the English novelist Edward Morgan Forster (1879-1970) had with Egypt during his stay there for three years, when he traveled presumably for only six months to work as a Red Cross Searcher to report missing soldiers and interview wounded soldiers during the First World War (1914-1918). Egypt was then a colony of the British Empire. The research shows Forster's attitude towards Egypt, Egyptian life, customs, music and nature, and towards Egyptians and Europeans, including Anglo-Egyptians and other foreigners. It also explains the reasons behind the change of his view of Egyptians and traces his sympathy with them, especially after being acquainted with Mohamed el Adl, an Egyptian tram conductor. After leaving Egypt, he continued to be connected to it emotionally, literarily and politically. He revisited it three times later. He admitted its positive effect on him and he continued to support it politically. It inspired him some short stories, two geography and history books of ancient Egypt. A big deal of his experience in Egypt was echoed in two of his novels, his Indian novel A Passage to India and his posthumous novel Maurice..

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25

Peters, Issa, and Saad Elkhadem. "Two Avant-Garde Egyptian Novels: The Great Egyptian Novel; From the Travels of the Egyptian Odysseus." World Literature Today 72, no. 4 (1998): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40154436.

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26

Fahmy Hussein, Hassanein. "ترجمات ودراسات أعمال الكاتب الصيني لو شون في مصر / Translations and Studies of the Works of Chinese Writer Lu Xun in Egypt". Chinese and Arab Studies 2, № 1 (1 липня 2022): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/caas-2022-2002.

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Abstract The Chinese writer Lu Xun (1881-1936) is considered one of the most important writers in the history of Chinese literature. His works have been translated over the years into many foreign languages, including Arabic. In addition to translating his works, foreign researchers have presented many studies on his thought and literature, and Lu Xun’s studies and translations into Arabic played an important role in introducing Lu Xun’s creativity and thought and even modern Chinese literature in general, and these translations had a clear impact on the influence of a number of Egyptian and Arab writers on literature, like Egyptian writer Abdel Ghaffar Makawy and Syrian writer Olfat Al-Idlibi. With the development witnessed by the specialization of Chinese language and literature in Egypt, Lu Xun studies in Egypt saw a remarkable progress. A number of Egyptian researchers presented Chinese-language studies on Lu Xun literature in addition to studies that are presented from a comparative point of view between Lu Xun and a number of Egyptian writers.

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27

Troy, Lana, and Gerald Moers. "Definitely: Egyptian Literature. Proceedings of the Symposium "Ancient Egyptian Literature: History and Forms," Los Angeles, March 24-26, 1995." Journal of the American Oriental Society 121, no. 3 (July 2001): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/606689.

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28

Ahmed, Ahmed L. M. "The impact of the reforms of the 2000s and the Arab Spring of 2011 on the performance of the Egyptian banking sector." Journal of Banking and Financial Economics 1/2021, no. 15 (October 22, 2021): 44–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7172/2353-6845.jbfe.2021.1.4.

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This paper aims to assess the current condition of the Egyptian banking sector, based on the past reforms of the 2000s. This analysis is based on data from the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE), data from the Egyptian banking sector and the literature review. The main fi nding is that despite many changes in the political and economic scene that drove the country into a crisis, the Egyptian banking sector was able to work well in the post-2008 period, achieving high growth rates. This study contributes to the academic literature on factors infl uencing fi nancial development in emerging counties, based on the analysis of the Egyptian banking.

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29

Bakker, Barbara. "Egyptian Dystopias of the 21st Century." Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies 21 (October 23, 2021): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jais.9151.

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During the first two decades of the 21st century an increasing amount of narratives termed as Arabic dystopian fiction appeared on the Arabic literary scene, with a greater part authored by Egyptian writers. However, what characterises/marks a work as a dystopia? This paper investigates the dystopian nature of a selection of Egyptian literary works within the frame of the dystopian narrative tradition. The article begins by introducing the features of the traditional literary dystopias as they will be used in the analysis. It then gives a brief overview of the development of the genre in the Arabic literature. The discussion that follows highlights common elements and identifies specific themes in six Egyptian novels selected for the analysis, thereby highlighting differences and similarities between them and the traditional Western dystopias. The article calls for a categorisation of Arabic dystopian narrative that takes into consideration social, political, historical and cultural factors specific for the Arabic in general, and Egyptian in particular, literary field. Keywords: Arabic literature, dystopia, dystopian literature, contemporary literature, Egypt, fiction, speculative fiction.

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30

Ladouceur, David J. "EGYPTIAN MEDICINE." Classical Review 53, no. 1 (April 2003): 192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/53.1.192.

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31

Adams, Colin. "EGYPTIAN CITIES." Classical Review 54, no. 2 (October 2004): 514–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/54.2.514.

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32

Hays, Christopher B. "A Hidden God: Isaiah 45’s Amun Polemic and Message to Egypt." Vetus Testamentum 73, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): 239–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685330-bja10093.

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Abstract This article demonstrates that Isa 45:1–19 is a pro-Persian oracle of well-being, promising the Achaemenid emperor that he will conquer Egypt, and subsequently impugning the theological ignorance of the Egyptians. The Egyptians misspeak in saying that Yhwh is a “Hidden God” like their own Amun (45:15). The unique title, the only reference to divine hiding that uses the reflexive hithpael, was chosen to echo the reflexive formulations in Egyptian texts (including during the early Persian Period) describing Amun’s self-hiding. Two other aspects of Amun’s mythology as creator are also alluded to: His close association with the primordial chaos (45:18–19) and his identification as the divine potter (45:9). Each would have been understandable to an audience in Egypt that lived among the cults of its deities in a very hybridized religious culture. They also would have been clear to elites in Jerusalem who were in regular contact with the Egyptian diaspora.

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33

Ibrahim, Bahaa. "The role of Egyptian State Awards in changing researchers’ performance in the science and technology sector." Research Evaluation 29, no. 2 (January 27, 2020): 171–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvz038.

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Abstract Egyptians generally pay attention to the State Awards as the most prestigious awards that Egyptian researchers can receive, including the Nile Award, the State Appreciation Award, the State Award of Excellence, and the State Encouragement Award. The current study is an attempt to investigate the role of national awards in the scientific research system, in order to identify the characteristics of Egyptian State Award laureates in science and technology during 2012–5, to determine their international literature, and to explore the implications of receiving a national award using bibliometric indicators. Scopus database was used to extract data, and the statistical software package SPSS was used to analyze. The study sample was 212 laureates, in addition to the control group of 184 researchers who closely matches the academic profiles of the laureates. The performance of the laureates and the control group was compared before and after the award by using four bibliometric indicators and the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. The laureates produced 13,598 publications from 1958 to 2018. Most of the laureates’ literature (94.35%) were published with coauthors. The Egyptian State Award laureates often collaborate with their Saudi Arabian and American colleagues, more than others. The average values of publications, citations, and citations per publication have increased after receipt of the award, unlike the h-index. Results indicated that receiving the State Award has a negative impact on the laureates’ performance.

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34

유성환. "Foreigners and Foreign Lands in Ancient Egyptian Literature." Journal of Classical Studies ll, no. 34 (April 2013): 33–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20975/jcskor.2013..34.33.

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35

Jasnow, Richard. "The Greek Alexander Romance and Demotic Egyptian Literature." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 56, no. 2 (April 1997): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/468524.

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36

Foster, John L. "Ancient Egyptian Literature: History and Forms. Antonio Loprieno." Journal of Near Eastern Studies 61, no. 4 (October 2002): 310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/469066.

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37

Alakbarova, Khumar. "Characteristic images of new century Egyptian literature – refugees." Comparative Literature Studies, no. 2 (2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.59849/2663-4414.2023.2.130.

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38

Liu, Jinzhu, and Mohamed Bekhit Ibrahim Gomaa Elshennawi. "Peculiarities of teaching Chinese literature and Chinese language to Egyptian students (Analysis of teacher polling)." Litera, no. 1 (January 2020): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.1.31942.

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In the year 1954. In accordance with the agreement on cultural cooperation signed by the Chinese and Egyptian governments, Chine sent the first teacher to Cairo University in Egypt. The subject of this research is the analysis of the existing system of teaching Chinese language and literature to Egyptian students. The author seeks to contribute to development of the topic by analyzing the existing system of education and discovering a new efficient method of teaching Chinese language and literature to Egyptian students with consideration of certain important peculiarities therein. The questionnaire-based survey involved 15 pedagogues – 9 women and 6 men. Based on studying various research dedicated to teaching Chinese language and literature in Egypt, acquired experience of learning Chinese language and literature in Egypt and China, as well as adding survey results from the Suez Canal University in Egypt, the author analyzes the peculiarities used lately in teaching Chinese language and literature to Egyptian students in the universities of Egypt. The analysis of data collected in both Chinese language faculties of the Suez Canal University demonstrate that over the recent time, the teaching system applied by the Chinese language departments of the Suez Canal University does not contribute to achievement of the best possible educational outcomes in teaching Chinese language and literature.

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39

Colla, Elliott. "Egyptian Movement Poetry." Journal of Arabic Literature 51, no. 1-2 (April 6, 2020): 53–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341402.

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Abstract Poetry has long had a central place in the repertoires of modern Egyptian protest movements, but just as social science accounts of these movements downplay the role of expressive arts (such as poetry), literary studies of colloquial Egyptian poetry have downplayed the performative dynamic of this poetry, as well as its role within social movements. This essay develops the concept of “movement poetry” within the Egyptian social movements, with a special focus on the protest cycle of 1968-1977. In so doing, it discusses the work of Abdel Rahman el-Abnoudi (ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Abnūdī), Ahmed Fouad Negm (Aḥmad Fuʾād Nijm), Samīr ʿAbd al-Bāqī, and others, and considers the conventions and repertoires that extend to Egyptian activists in the present.

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40

Kilpatrick, Hilary. "Egyptian Fiction and Arabic Literary Tradition." Arabist: Budapest Studies in Arabic 15-16 (1995): 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.58513/arabist.1995.15-16.16.

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It is generally acknowledged that the modern Arabic prose genres were borrowed from European literature. A few Arab critics, however, maintain that earlier Arabic literature also contains novels, and that the real origins of modern Arabic fiction are to be found in the élite and popular literary heritage. This paper looks at the relationship between the indigenous literary heritage and Egyptian fiction. The paper is limited to Egypt without any intention to generalise from Egyptian literature to that of the Arab world at large, given that developments in different Arab countries do not follow an exactly parallel course.

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41

Diab, Ahmed M., Mohamed Yacoub, and Mohamed H. AbdelAal. "An Overview of the Agricultural Extension System in Egypt: The History, Structure, Modes of Operation and the Future Directions." Sustainable Agriculture Research 9, no. 4 (August 26, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n4p30.

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The main purpose of the current manuscript is to review the agricultural extension system in Egypt. The information gleaned in this article could be useful for policymakers, extension administrators, and extension researchers to identify ways for improving educational services of devising training programs for audience and agents, approaches of farmers' participation, and schemes of policy development. More specifically the objectives of this study are to review the Egyptian agricultural extension system in terms of the: 1) the history of the Egyptian agricultural extension system, 2) the organizational structure of the Egyptian extension system, 3) types of agricultural extension and program delivery mechanisms in Egypt, 4) current situation of the Egyptian agricultural extension system, and 5) the possible future direction for the Egyptian agricultural extension system. A comprehensive review of gray literature was conducted to identify characteristics of the agricultural extension system in Egypt, relevant documents used including, foundation legislation, review and analysis of literature of international organizations as well as peer reviewed journal articles. The extension history, structure, and modes of operation were discussed, and the future directions were concluded.

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42

Retief, F. P., and L. Cilliers. "Egyptian medicine." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 23, no. 4 (September 23, 2004): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v23i4.202.

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Our understanding of ancient Egyptian medicine is seriously hampered by problems in the decipherment of the Egyptian writing, and the relative scarcity of medical writings from pharaonic times. No Egyptian medical equipment has survived. In this study the most recent understanding of medicine in pharaonic Egypt (3100-332 BC) is reviewed as it comes to the fore in inscriptions on walls and monuments, the writings of visiting historians, but mainly the contents of 10 so-called medical papyri written between circa 2500 BC and the 4th century BC. A clearly recognizable system of empirical medicine evolved from a background of magico-religious medicine during the Old Kingdom (2686-2181 BC) and flourished virtually unchanged for more than 2 millennia. Scientific empirical medicine co-existed with magical medicine during this time. The two entities influenced each other, and in the process Egypt produced mankind’s first scientific medical literature with a logical system of disease assessment and therapy, relatively free of magic. At the end of the pharaonic era a superior Greek medical system gradually became dominant, and when hieroglyphics were replaced by coptic Egyptian in the 5th century AD, the uniquely Egyptian contribution to medicine passed into oblivion, until early Egyptian writing was deciphered in the 19th and 20t centuries.

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43

Fitriani, Fitriani, and Anggita Nabila. "Historitas Agama Mesir Kuno Dalam Perspektif A-Qur’an." Jurnal Dirosah Islamiyah 5, no. 3 (April 14, 2023): 629–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/jdi.v5i3.3295.

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Ancient Egyptian civilization is very often talked about. This is not surprising given the great legacy of the ancient Egyptian leaders. What is taken for discussion is the belief system of the ancient Egyptian people. There are so many things related to Egypt in terms of their civilization which can be said to be very large and extraordinary at that time. The relics that are considered the most historic are the Pyramids which were built using very heavy stone. Then, another thing that was discussed was about the belief of the Egyptian people in the existence of many gods and recognizing and respecting the sanctity of certain animals. In this paper, using a qualitative approach to the method of literature study, through exploration of various data such as books, journals and others. The result of this study is to find that ancient Egyptian folk beliefs were more focused on the number of gods and considered that Pharaoh was the representative of the gods and as a means of intermediary between the people and the gods. Pharaohs who are believed to have sacred powers to intercede for their people with the goddess in the field of knowledge, the ancient Egyptians focused on mathematics and astronomy, they also used the calendar to calculate planting time, the language used comes from the ancient Greek language contained in the covenant called stone. the ancient rosetta hunting system, still uses the hunting system, still uses weapons such as spears and arrows and farms on the banks of the nile because apart from that the area is dry because of the desert, social life is divided into 3 castes, namely upper caste, middle caste and lower caste. Keywords: Ancient Egypt, civilization, religion, history.

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44

Zinkow, Leszek. "The Polish Contribution to Egyptian Motifs in the Architecture of Synagogues." Studia Żydowskie. Almanach 13 (December 31, 2023): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/sz.2407.

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Egyptomania is a specific strategy related to the reception of the heritage of ancient Egypt and incorporation of Egyptian elements into various aspects of modern culture, such as art, crafts, literature, intellectual speculation, and others. This phenomenon manifested itself in architecture, too, especially in the 19th century. We can also point out various Egyptian (or rather, “quasi-Egyptian”) motifs and details in the design and construction of some synagogue buildings around the world. In the 1879s, a Polish architect, Stanisław Adamczewski, proposed the idea of a monumental synagogue in Warsaw, incorporating interesting elements reminiscent of ancient Egyptian buildings. He also planned other Egyptian-styled structures in Warsaw, but none of them, like the synagogue itself, were ever constructed.

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45

Adams, Colin. "LATE EGYPTIAN TEMPLES." Classical Review 52, no. 2 (September 2002): 337–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/52.2.337.

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46

Kuzina, N. "Reception of the Manifestations of the Culture of Egypt in Russian Literature." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 395–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/48/49.

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The paper presents analysis of historiosophical themes, images and motifs reflecting the Egyptian culture in Russian literature of the 19th–20th centuries. They were popular among the authors of the early 20th century not only because of interest in artifacts found in the 19th century but also — and first of all — as part of a significant metaphor ‘Pre-revolutionary / Post-revolutionary Russia VS. Egypt’. There is shown the process of creating this comparison being much later than the ‘Russia VS. Europe’ paradigm in the context of the ‘Myth of St. Petersburg’, which included elements of the Egyptian theme (Sphinxes of the Neva) by the 20th century.

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47

Frankfurter, David. "Amente Demons and Christian Syncretism." Archiv für Religionsgeschichte 14, no. 1 (September 2013): 83–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arege-2012-0006.

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Abstract Drawing on a range of apocalyptic and magical texts from Roman and Byzantine Egypt, this paper argues that the Coptic Christian depiction of vicious underworld demons, so often cited as evidence of “Egyptian survivals,” in fact owes more to Jewish apocalyptic literature than ancient Egyptian mortuary texts - that scribes only recalled Egyptian traditions in the course of reutilization and interpretation of para-biblical apocalyptic traditions. Secondly, the paper attributes the development of this Coptic underworld demonology to the creative agency of scribes in late antique Egyptian Christianity, in whose own subcultures and practices any model of demonological syncretism must be situated.

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48

Sadiq, Saudi. "Subtitling against the current: Egyptians’ perceptions of English sitcoms subtitled in Standard Arabic and Egyptian Colloquial Arabic." International Journal of Translation and Interpreting Research 16, no. 1 (March 15, 2024): 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.12807/ti.116201.2024.a06.

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This study examined Egyptians’ attitudes towards subtitling English sitcoms in Standard Arabic (SA) and Egyptian Colloquial Arabic (ECA), using a scene from the American sitcom Friends as a case study. It aimed to investigate the changing perceptions of subtitling in dialect, identify the driving forces, and assess the leading agents behind this change. The study utilized quantitative data from two online questionnaires completed by 261 participants classified by gender, age, and educational level, and qualitative data derived from their comments. The questionnaires were designed to evaluate participant preferences and specific aspects such as humor, readability and closeness to Egyptian culture. The results show that the ECA subtitle is rated as more humorous and closer to Egyptian culture, although perceived as less readable compared to the SA subtitle. They also reveal that younger participants, particularly females, show a greater preference for the ECA subtitle. Males across all educational levels tend to prefer the SA subtitle, while females with lower educational levels exhibit the highest preference for the ECA subtitle. The study highlights the increasing significance of colloquial dialects in shaping cultural representations as well as the influence of factors such as age, gender, and education on subtitling preferences. Furthermore, the study considers the implications of these results for subtitling practices and policies in Egypt and similar diglossic environments.

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49

Ostle, Robin. "Modern Egyptian renaissance man." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 57, no. 1 (February 1994): 184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00028226.

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The rise of political consciousness in the Arab Provinces of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century has long been referred to as an era of rebirth or resurrection (nahḍa), and from its earliest stages this period saw a dual process of aspirations to political emancipation and creative waves of cultural regeneration. Thus George Antonius was moved to attribute the beginnings of the Arab national movement to the foundation of a modest literary society in Beirut in 1847; the two figures who dominated the intellectual life of Syria in the mid nineteenth century—Nāṣīf al-Yāzijī and Buṭrus al-Bustānī—were ded icated to the resurrection of the lost world of classical Arabic literature, to the virtual re-creation of Arabic as one of the languages of the modern world, and to preaching the virtues of education based on inter-confessional tolerance and patriotic ideals. The most distinguished area of the early history of modern Arabic literature is neo-classical poetry, whose revival of the achievements of the golden age of the ‘Abbāsids provided the foundation on which the first tentative steps towards the renewal of the great tradition were to be based. Indeed the technical excellence of the neo-classical mode was such that it dominated poetry in Egypt at least until the late 1920s, and for even longer in Iraq and the rest of the Levant.

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50

Raslan, Mohamed, István Bartók, and Zoltán Szécsi. "Investigating the Revival of Ancient Egyptian Artifacts as a Symbol of Power through their Occupation of European Public Spaces: A Chrono-Morphological Study." ATHENS JOURNAL OF MEDITERRANEAN STUDIES 7, no. 3 (May 19, 2021): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajms.7-3-3.

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Numerous architectural styles have been explored in recent years (Pakkanen 2018). However, Egyptian revival did not obtain the consideration it deserved till lately, when there was a remarkable flow of attention coursed by various significant ancient Egyptian exhibitions all over the world, which led to the publications of books and articles tackling the Egyptian revival (Curl 2013). In this paper the researcher will try to investigate the chronological change of form and shape of ancient Egyptian architectural features that were revived in European public spaces to signify power, sovereignty, and authority. Curl (2013) charts the argument of the persistence of Egyptian motifs in design from Greco-Roman Antiquity, through the Mediaeval, Baroque, and Neo-Classical periods. Our hypothesis is that Ancient Egypt is a central source, rather than peripheral, to the development of considerable volume of European urbanistic and architectural features. We will distinguish manifestations with Egyptian connotations based on literature reviewed, field observation and the methodology of Curl (2013). Aiming only on three ancient Egyptian sources, the Sphinx, the obelisk, and the temple. Keywords: Egyptian revival, Ancient Egyptian artifacts, morphological regeneration, space occupation, public spaces

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