Дисертації з теми "Economy"
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1
Mizuno, Nobuhiro. "Political Economy and Economic Development." Kyoto University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120727.
2
Herken-Krauer, Juan Carlos. "Economic indicators for the Paraguayan economy, 1869-1932: isolation and the world economy." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1986. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754079.
3
Tezcakar, Merve. "Techno-economic transition towards a hydrogen economy." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/407.
Анотація:
The research conducted is in the field of innovation and focuses on the UK energy sector. The key theme of the study is the transition towards a hydrogen economy with fuel cell technologies at the epicentre and takes into account the relevant scientific, technological, economic and policy issues. In order to provide an understanding of the factors that affect techno-economic transitions to alternative energy systems, the thesis investigates the historical transition processes such as the transition to electrification in the early 1900s and recent transitions to CCGT and renewable energy systems (wind, biofuels and solar) that have taken place since the late 1980s. As the developmental status of hydrogen technologies lay at the heart of these transitions, a thorough analysis of the hydrogen and fuel cell technologies, the R&D requirements, and innovations required in different scientific fields (including materials science) to develop these technologies is conducted. At the same time, as other factors such as sustainability, climate change and security of supply concerns can greatly affect the direction of the transition processes, that includes R&D activities and investment in alternative energy technologies, an overview of these factors is also provided. The analysis employs a new theoretical framework that combines two well established theories in the literature, Techno-economic Transitions and Large Technological Systems. By using this new framework, the technological transition towards a hydrogen energy system can be analysed at three levels, (global, national and local). The analysis is narrowed down to the local level in order to determine the timing of a transition in London and how it can form the foundation for a wider a transition at the national level based on alternative technologies.
4
Dell, Melissa. "Essays in economic development and political economy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72831.
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-197).
This thesis examines three topics. The first chapter, entitled "Persistent Effects of Peru's Mining Mita" utilizes regression discontinuity to examine the long-run impacts of the mita, an extensive forced mining labor system in effect in Peru and Bolivia between 1573 and 1812. Results indicate that a mita effect lowers household consumption by around 25% and increases the prevalence of stunted growth in children by around six percentage points in subjected districts today. Using data from the Spanish Empire and Peruvian Republic to trace channels of institutional persistence, I show that the mita's influence has persisted through its impacts on land tenure and public goods provision. Mita districts historically had fewer large landowners and lower educational attainment. Today, they are less integrated into road networks, and their residents are substantially more likely to be subsistence farmers. The second chapter, entitled "Trafficking Networks and the Mexican Drug War" examines how drug traffickers' economic objectives influence the direct and spillover effects of Mexican policy towards the drug trade. Drug trade-related violence has escalated dramatically in Mexico during the past five years, claiming over 40,000 lives. By exploiting variation from close mayoral elections and a network model of drug trafficking, the study develops three sets of results. First, regression discontinuity estimates show that drug trade-related violence in a municipality increases substantially after the close election of a mayor from the conservative National Action Party (PAN), which has spearheaded the war on drug trafficking. This violence consists primarily of individuals involved in the drug trade killing each other. The empirical evidence suggests that the violence reflects rival traffickers' attempts to wrest control of territories after crackdowns initiated by PAN mayors have challenged the incumbent criminals. Second, the study predicts the diversion of drug traffic following close PAN victories by estimating a model of equilibrium routes for trafficking drugs across the Mexican road network to the U.S. When drug traffic is diverted to other municipalities, drug trade-related violence in these municipalities increases. Moreover, female labor force participation and informal sector wages fall, corroborating qualitative evidence that traffickers extort informal sector producers. Finally, the study uses the trafficking model and estimated spillover effects to examine the allocation of law enforcement resources. Overall, the results demonstrate how traffickers' economic objectives and constraints imposed by the routes network affect the policy outcomes of the Mexican Drug War. The third chapter, entitled "Insurgency and Long-Run Development: Lessons from the Mexican Revolution" exploits within-state variation in drought severity to identify how insurgency during the Mexican Revolution, a major early 20th century armed conflict, impacted subsequent government policies and long-run economic development. Using a novel municipal-level dataset on revolutionary insurgency, the study documents that municipalities experiencing severe drought just prior to the Revolution were substantially more likely to have insurgent activity than municipalities where drought was less severe. Many insurgents demanded land reform, and following the Revolution, Mexico redistributed over half of its surface area in the form of ejidos: farms comprised of individual and communal plots that were granted to a group of petitioners. Rights to ejido plots were non-transferable, renting plots was prohibited, and many decisions about the use of ejido lands had to be countersigned by politicians. Instrumental variables estimates show that municipalities with revolutionary insurgency had 22 percentage points more of their surface area redistributed as ejidos. Today, insurgent municipalities are 20 percentage points more agricultural and 6 percentage points less industrial. Incomes in insurgent municipalities are lower and alternations between political parties for the mayorship have been substantially less common. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that land reform, while successful at placating insurgent regions, stymied long-run economic development.
by Melissa Dell.
Ph.D.
5
Ivlevs, Artjoms. "Economic and political economy aspects of migration." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX24009.
Анотація:
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’explorer plusieurs phénomènes liés à la migration en prenant en considération différents aspects de la réalité économique contemporaine : l’importance du secteur non-échangeable, l’asymétrie entre les flux migratoires et les flux des investissements, ainsi que les problèmes persistants entre différentes communautés ethniques. Dans le premier chapitre introductif, nous explorons la littérature sur la politique économique de l’immigration et nous étudions les différentes voies par lesquelles les immigrés peuvent affecter le bien-être des résidents domestiques. Dans la deuxième partie, nous développons un cadre théorique afin d’analyser les effets de l’immigration sur le bien-être individuel dans une petite économie ouverte avec le secteur non-échangeable. Nos résultats expliquent pourquoi les résidents domestiques sont généralement opposés à l’immigration peu qualifiée et favorisent l’influx des immigrés hautement qualifiés. Dans le chapitre trois, nous faisons une extension du modèle élaboré dans le chapitre deux, en prenant en compte les flux internationaux du capital. D’abord nous cherchons à décrire le lien entre la migration peu et hautement qualifiée et les investissements directs à l’étranger. Puis, nous analysons le changement dans les attitudes envers l’immigration suite à l’introduction de la mobilité internationale du capital. Dans le quatrième chapitre, nous démontrons comment la diversité ethnique peut affecter les intentions d’émigrer. Nous traitons le cas de la Lettonie où les minorités ethniques constituent 40% de la population. Nous pouvons constater que les individus appartenant aux minorités ethniques sont plus probables d’émigrer et que cette probabilité augmente avec le revenu. Les individus appartenant à la majorité ethnique, au contraire, sont plus probables d’émigrer si leurs revenus sont plus basThe objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of migration-related economic issues in the world today. We concentrate both on immigration and emigration and at various stages of our work address all three parties involved in migration process : people hosting immigrants, people left behind and the migrants themselves. We account for several important features of today’s rapidly globalising life : the importance of the non-traded sector, asymmetry between capital and labour flows, and persisting problems between ethnic communities. The first chapter in an overview of the political economy of immigration literature and addresses the multiple ways in which immigrants may affect natives’ welfare. In particular, we discuss the role of economic and non-economic arguments in shaping immigration attitudes and summarise main labour market and welfare-state effects of immigration. Chapter two develops open economy with a non-traded sector. Our finding provide additional understanding of why native population is generally opposed to low-skilled immigrants and favouring high-skilled foreign workers. The third chapter extends the model developed in chapter two to accommodate internationally mobile capital. First, we investigate whether immigration of high-skilled and low-skilled labour leads to positive or negative FDI. Then, we find out how would immigration attitudes change if a country allows international capital movements. Chapter four investigates how ethnic diversity at home may influence emigration intentions of an individual. We explore the case of Latvia where ethnic minorities constitute 40% of the population. We find that ethnic minorities are more likely to emigrate and are positively self-selected on the basis of income, while the opposite is true for ethnic majority population
6
Neggers, Yusuf. "Essays in Economic Development and Political Economy." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493380.
Анотація:
The three chapters in this dissertation examine aspects of the relationships between transparency, government accountability, and the quality of public services. In the first chapter, I ask how ethnic diversity, or lack thereof, among polling station officials affects voting outcomes. I exploit a natural experiment occurring in the 2014 parliamentary elections in India, where the government mandated the random assignment of state employees to the teams that managed polling stations on election day. I find that the presence of officers of minority identities within teams led to significant shifts in vote share toward the political parties associated with these groups. Results suggest that the magnitude of these effects is large enough to be relevant to election outcomes. Using large-scale survey experiments, I provide evidence of own-group favoritism in polling personnel and identify the process of voter identity verification as an important channel through which voting outcomes are impacted.
The second chapter examines whether electronic procurement (e-procurement), which increases access to information and reduces personal interactions with potentially corrupt officials, improves procurement outcomes in India and Indonesia. We find no evidence of reduced prices but do find that e-procurement leads to quality improvements in both countries. Regions with e-procurement are also more likely to have winners come from outside the region. On net, the results suggest that e-procurement facilitates entry from higher quality contractors.
The third chapter studies the effects of the enactment across U.S. states of open meetings laws which ostensibly increase the public availability of information on legislator behavior. As recent work shows that increased remoteness of capital cities in U.S. states is strongly associated with reduced accountability and worse government performance, I also investigate how the impacts of open meetings vary with state capital isolation. I find that open meetings increase spending on public goods and heighten confidence in state government on average. Heterogeneous impacts on incumbent vote share suggest that at both low and high levels of initial accountability, open meetings provide citizens with additional information that influences voting decisions.Public Policy
7
Martins, Alexandre Lyra. "O processo inflacionário brasileiro : 1890-1990 : condicionantes políticos e culturais." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3522.
Анотація:
Doutoramento em EconomiaO presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma análise dos aspectos políticos e culturais do processo inflacionário no Brasil entre os anos de 1890 a 1990. Ao constatar níveis superiores de inflação no Brasil em relação aos países desenvolvidos ao longo do período estudado, procurou-se destacar que o processo inflacionário pode ser compreendido como finômeno sócio-econômico e a partir daí trabalhar com a hipótese de que a elevada inflação brasileira decorre de aspectos econômicos, políticos e culturais característicos dos projetos nacionais das elites condutoras da maioria de seus governos. A tese defendida é reforçada, particularmente, na análise de um subperíodo anômalo em que foram criadas as condições políticas, econômicas e culturais diferenciadas; proporcionando a adoção de medidas nacionalistas e modernizantes nos anos 1930, momento em que a inflação brasileira caiu substancialmente e relativamente aos países desenvolvidos. O trabalho conclui pela confirmação da hipótese testada, ressaltando o caráter complementar da investigação em relação aos enfoques tradicionais e procurando explicar a queda recente na inflação brasileira dentro da lógica proposta.
The objective of this thesis is to conduct an analysis of the culture and political aspects of the Brazilian inflationary process in the period 1890-1990. Upon finding that the inflation rates in Brazil were higher than those prevailing in the developed countries, it is pinted out that the inflationary process must be considered as socio-economic phenomenon and from this premise the hypothesis of the economic, political and culture aspects of the ruling elites conducting most Brazilian administrations. The proposed thesis is reinforced by the analysis of an anomalous sub-period in the thirties (1930s) characterized by differentiated political conditions when a modern nationalist project was implemented and during which the Brazilian inflation rates fell substantially bellow those of the developed countries. The conclusion of the study favors the confirmation of the tested hypothesis evidencing the complementary character of the investigation with respect to the traditional approaches and explains the recent fall of the Brazilian inflation rates within the proposed logic.
8
Vanden, Eynde Oliver. "Three essays on political economy and economic development." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/523/.
Анотація:
This thesis consists of three independent chapters. The first chapter examines the strategic choices of the targets and the intensity of violence by rebel groups. The chapter presents a theoretical framework that links a rebel group’s targeting decisions to income shocks. It highlights that this relationship depends on the structure of the rebels’ tax base. The hypotheses from the model are tested in the context of India’s Naxalite conflict. The second chapter estimates the impact of military recruitment on human capital accumulation in colonial Punjab. In this context, I find that higher military recruitment was associated with increased literacy at the district-religion level. The final chapter presents a model that describes the optimal design of civil-military institutions in a setting where some control of the military over domestic politics is deemed desirable.
9
Usman, Zainab. "The political economy of economic diversification in Nigeria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:82813dad-ef97-46f1-a652-9c2f8403e72a.
Анотація:
As Africa's largest economy and its most populous country, over a decade of rapid economic growth in Nigeria contributed to the 'Africa Rising' narrative. However, like many African commodity exporters, this economic growth, billions of dollars in oil earnings and electoral democracy have not translated into a diversified and industrial economy. This study examines why the Nigerian economy remains so dependent on oil and is non-industrial, which I argue are economic and development outcomes of specific policy choices constrained by Nigeria's institutional configuration or the political settlement. In this endeavour, my central preoccupation is with the political processes of decision making which at any point in time favour one policy choice over the other in resource-rich and plural societies such as Nigeria, and the economic and development outcomes of these policy choices. I employ the political settlements analytical framework to unveil these political processes and the conditions they create in which certain policies are preferred over others. This entails an examination of the causal relationship within the three variables of 'constraints', 'policies' and 'economic and development outcomes'. I argue that understanding Nigeria's challenges of economic diversification requires an examination of its political settlement to identify horizontal (elite competition), vertical (societal agitations for resource redistribution) and external (oil shocks) constraints on a ruling coalition, and the specific economic policy responses each constraint generates. Essentially, my research explains how policy makers are constrained to pursue certain courses of action over others, and the outcomes of these policies on economic growth and the structural transformation of production, exports and government revenue. In the Nigerian context, the study also examines how sub-national and regional differentiation in the distribution of growth in states like Lagos and Kano affect future political processes and their policy outcomes. The thesis draws from multiple data sources, including economic data, semi-structured interviews with various stakeholders, documentary sources, and participant and non-participant observation.
10
Guleryuz, Ece Handan. "Essays in Economic Growth, Political Economy and Institutions." FIU Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/720.
Анотація:
This dissertation analyzes the effects of political and economic institutions on economic development and growth. The first essay develops an overlapping-generations political economy model to analyze the incentives of various social groups to finance human capital accumulation through public education expenditures. The contribution of this study to the literature is that it helps explain the observed differences in the economic growth performance of natural resource-abundant countries. The results suggest that the preferred tax rates of the manufacturers on one hand and the political coalition of manufacturers and landowners, on the other hand, are equal to the socially optimal tax rate. However, we show that owners of natural resources prefer an excessively high tax rate, which suppresses aggregate output to a suboptimal level.
The second essay examines the relationship between the political influence of different social classes and public education spending in panel data estimation. The novel contribution of this paper to the literature is that I proxy the political power and influence of the natural resource owners, manufacturers, and landowners with macroeconomic indicators. The motivation behind this modeling choice is to substantiate the definition of the political power of social classes with economic fundamentals. I use different governance indicators in the estimations to find out how different institutions mediate the overall impact of the political influence of various social classes on public education spending. The results suggest that political stability and absence of violence and rule of law are the important governance indicators.
The third essay develops a counter argument to Acemoglu et al. (2010) where the thesis is that French institutions and economic reforms fostered economic progress in those German regions invaded by the Napoleonic armies. By providing historical data on urbanization rates used as proxies for economic growth, I demonstrate that similar different rates of economic growth were observed in the regions of France in the post- Napoleonic period as well. The existence of different economic growth rates makes it hard to argue that the differences in economic performance in the German regions that were invaded by the French and those that were spared a similar fate follow from regional differences in economic institutions.
11
Dariol, Arianna <1991>. "Economia Digitale: evoluzione, sharing economy e caso Uber." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12472.
Анотація:
La tesi si occupa di analizzare il fenomeno della economia digitale, dalla sua nascita al corrente sviluppo, soffermandosi in ogni sua ramificazione e valutando il rapporto intercorrente tra essa e il sistema giuridico italiano ed europeo, sottolineando le eventuali problematiche relative alla definizione laboristica degli utenti che vi fanno parte. L'elaborato si sofferma in particolare sulla sharing economy e sul caso più emblematico, quello della società Uber, anche in questo caso verificando le evenutali implicazioni in campo giuridico ed economico della medesima.
12
Seraya, O. A. "Environmental-economy interaction within the environmental-economy system." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17404.
13
Shynkarenko, O. "Green economy." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45911.
Анотація:
A number of financial problems, problems with product management, fuel and climate have happened recently in the world. In the last few decades 60% of the world's ecosystems have suffered degradation, emissions of carbon dioxide reached 40%, there is a significant shortage of water resources, a billion people are hungry and two billion people live on less than $ 2 a day.
14
Bello, Alessandro <1995>. "Data Economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18044.
Анотація:
Many innovations of the late 20th and early 21st century have had a profound impact on both businesses and consumers. The latest evolution of this rapid technological change has been the use of consumer's action and digital tracks as sources of economic value formation (Lamni, Pantzar, 2019), also described as a data economy.
This paper aims to analyze the historical background of this rapid change, starting from the advent of Computers and arriving at the distributed use of big data across industries and economies, assessing the ethical and epistemological consequences derived from the wide application of this data.
The first chapter analyzes the historical background of the data economy, extending the analysis from the invention of Computers, to the connection between them through the Internet and the switch to a mobile society powered by the introduction of Mobile Phones. Furthermore, the chapter will focus on how both businesses and consumers have adapted to this technological change, assessing the alteration of the role of consumers and the evolution of business models in the big data era.
The second chapter further highlights the data economy with the example of Google Inc. The company was a pioneer during the advent of the Internet, and it has been continuously evolving, being at the forefront of the technological revolution. The chapter focuses on the history of this company, firstly assessing the foundation and its core business, the search engine. Moreover, the research highlights the development of additional businesses that have changed multiple markets.
Finally, the third chapter discusses the ethical and epistemological consequences deriving from the big data era that have been highlighted in the literature.
15
Ozcelik, Emre. "Institutional Political Economy Of Economic Development And Global Governance." Phd thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607360/index.pdf.
Анотація:
There are two inter-related themes of this thesis: Economic development and global governance. We develop a perspective of &ndashwhat we call &ndash
&lsquo
Institutional International Political Economy&rsquo
(IIPE) in order to: i) assess the likelihood of developmental success on the part of the Third World countries in the twenty-first century, and ii) analyze the developmental and world-systemic implications of the so-called &lsquo
global governance model&rsquo
, which we conceptualize as an ultra-liberal capitalist project on the part of the &lsquo
commanding heights&rsquo
of the contemporary &lsquo
world-economy&rsquo
. Our IIPE-perspective relies on an &lsquo
institutionalist&rsquo
synthesis of the classic works of Karl Polanyi, Joseph Schumpeter and Fernand Braudel. In the light of this perspective, &lsquo
state-led development&rsquo
seems to be inconceivable in the face of &lsquo
governance&rsquo
, which is an attempt to disintegrate the &lsquo
institutional substance&rsquo
of the state-as-we-know-it into &lsquo
market-like processes&rsquo
. Nevertheless, &lsquo
governance&rsquo
is bound to become the victim of its own success insofar as it destroys the indispensable political institutions upon which capitalism has survived as a historical world-system in the past.
16
Robert-Nicoud, Frederic L. "New economic geography : multiple equilibria, welfare and political economy." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2879/.
Анотація:
This thesis contributes to the body of research known as the new economic geography. According to this paradigm, increasing returns to scale at the firm level, monopolistic competition, and transportation costs interact in shaping the spatial distribution of economic activity. The introductory chapter lays out the motivation of this thesis and puts it into the perspective of the existing literature. Chapter 1 introduces a typical model of new economic geography: the nature of the agglomeration and dispersion forces it displays is recurrent in this body of research; the model also displays multiple equilibria. The welfare properties of these equilibria are also analysed. Chapter 2 completely characterizes the set of equilibria of a wide range of models that are the quintessence of the new economic geography paradigm. The model of chapter 2 is shown to share the qualitative features of these models. Chapter 3 integrates a simple version of the model chapter 2 within a political economy framework. The welfare analysis of chapter 2 provides the motivation for this theoretical exercise. Chapter 4 seeks to provide an answer to the important but thus far neglected question of what is the mechanism that actually determines the magnitude policies that seek to affect the equilibrium spatial allocation of industries. The geography model is integrated in a fully specified political economy process of policy selection. Chapter 4 extends the model of chapter 2 to deal with the issue of the 'fragmentation' of the production process when new economic geography forces are at play. Finally, the analysis of chapter 5 contributes to the growing literature on the labour market imperfections as a driving force for agglomeration. In particular it shows how the hold-up problem can be softened or worsened by the cluster of industries using workers with similar skills.
17
Artiles, Miriam. "Essays on long-run economic development and political economy." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672764.
Анотація:
In the first chapter, I study how human populations adapt to
ethnically diverse societies. Using new data on a natural experiment
from Peru’s colonial history, the results show that ethnic
diversity need not spell poor development outcomes -a history
of within-group heterogeneity can turn ethnic diversity into an
advantage for development. The second chapter explores the
effects of political accountability on the selection of politicians
when accountability mechanisms are prone to political capture.
Using a comprehensive dataset on the characteristics of candidates
running for mayor in Peru, the results show that having
a recalled incumbent in the previous term causes a negative
selection of candidates in terms of their education, experience
in public office, and representativeness of native populations.En el primer capítulo, se estudia cómo las poblaciones se adaptan a sociedades étnicamente diversas. Usando datos nuevos de un experimento natural en Perú, se muestra que la diversidad étnica no conlleva necesariamente peores resultados-haber pertenecido a un grupo étnico con individuos de especializaciones heterogéneas puede convertir la diversidad étnica en una ventaja para el desarrollo económico. El segundo capítulo explora el proceso de selecci ón de autoridades locales cuando existen elecciones revocatorias que se usan como instrumento político en lugar de como mecanismo de control. Usando datos sobre las características de candidatos a alcalde municipal en Perú, se muestra que los candidatos de municipios en los que previamente se ha revocado al alcalde tienen menos años de educación y de experiencia en cargos públicos y son menos representativos de la población nativa.
18
Cheng, Yuk-shing. "China's grain economy : problems and prospects under economic reform." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1992. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/9.
19
Pauschert, Dirk. "New economy? die New economy als neue Form der Industriewirtschaft!" Hamburg Kovač, 2004. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/3-8300-1942-4.htm.
20
Матвієнко, Софія Миколаївна. "Business model of sharing economy as new stage in economy." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13089.
21
Mikulski, Joanna Marie. "Assessing the effect of economic segregation on the urban economy." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4264.
22
Hughes, Frank R. "Economic and spatial transformations in Atlanta : a political economy approach." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20858.
23
Gambles, Anna. "The boundaries of political economy : tory economic argument, 1809-1847." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321581.
24
Lau, Woon-chung Arthur, and 劉桓強. "Economic effects of international tourism industry on Hong Kong economy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31263835.
25
Cheng, I.-Hui. "Three essays on political economy, trade and international economic integration." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314295.
26
Papaioannou, Elias. "Essays on the political economy of economic and financial development." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421858.
27
Salman, J. D. "Dualism in the Iraqi economy : its relevance to economic planning." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355352.
28
Gray, Hazel Sophia. "Tanzania and Vietnam : a comparative political economy of economic transition." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2012. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13610/.
29
Smith, Francois. "The impact of economic integration on the economy of Namibia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50495.
Анотація:
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Theory states that if a country opens its markets to free trade that it facilitates the better utilization of resources for all the parties participating in the agreement resulting to a relative lowering of production cost, the increase in export earnings, larger markets to benefit from economies of scale and subsequent investment in production facilities will increase employment and general welfare. Namibia has three major free trade agreements or economic integration arrangements namely the Southem Africa Customs Union (SACU), the Cotonou agreement defining its export regime to the European Union and the South Africa European Union Trade Development and Co-operation Agreement defining its import regime via the Southem African Customs Union and the African Growth and Opportunities Act defining its relationship with the United States of America. These agreements are at varying levels of integration with the Southem African Customs Union in place already in 1920. Namibia uses taxes on international trade as a primary source of state income (28% to 32 %). As part of its membership to the SACU's Common External Pool revenue distribution, Namibia is compensated for not being able to charge import taxes on South African imports. South Africa has determined trade policy for SACU since its exception and used tariffs more as a form of protection of its own industries, rather than a source of state income. The lowering of tariffs on EU imports by means of the SA EU TDCA as well as WTO obligations will see the reduction of state income of Namibia of an estimated amount of N$ 480 million [Schade 20051. This will have dire consequence for the Namibian economy as the deficit of the state budget is already 4.7 % as compared to a norm of 3%. In this study the growth in export earnings as well as the investment response of the various free trade agreements have been analysed. Contrary to theory, economic integration has not led to the desired growth in export earnings as well as significant investment responses due to preferential access provided by these agreements. Significant growth in exports is limited to specific sectors, notably fish to the European Union and apparel to the USA. Investments were also limited to these sectors. Free trade and preferential access did not lead to the diversification of the Namibian economy and has on the contrary inflicted severe blows to the critical beef industry in the near past and over the long term has led to trade diversion towards South Africa as well as the European Union. Investments and increases in export earnings are too little to offset the reduction of state income by the liberalization of tariffs and will result in Namibia becoming more marginalised if it does not counter the situation by better trade policies that are to be formulated along with the other SACU members. These policies will take time to be concluded as of yet none of the institutions of SACU has become operational.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die teorie van vryhandel bepaal as 'n land sy mark oopmaak vir vryhandel dat dit sal lei tot die verbeterde benutting van hulpbronne vir al die partye tot 'n vryhandelsooreenskoms deur middel van die verlaging van produksiekoste, die verhoging van uitvoerinkomste, die vergroting van markte wat kan voordeel trek uit skaal van, ekonomieë asook die verhoging van gepaardgaande belegging wat werkskepping en die algemene welsyn sal verhoog. Namibie is deel van drie vryhandelsooreenkomste of ekonomiese integrasie samewerking naamlik die Suider Afrikaanse Doane Unie (SADU), die Cotonou verdrag wat sy uitvoer na die Europese Unie bepaal, die Suid Afrika Europese Unie Handel, Ontwikkeling en Samewerkingsooreenkoms (SA EU TOCA) wat sy invoere vanaf Suid Afrika via die SADU bepaal en die African Growth and Opportunffies Act wat sy uitvoere na die VSA bepaal. Hierdie ooreenkomste is op verskillende vlakke van ekonomiese integrasie met SADU wat alreeds sedert 1920 bestaan. Namibie gebruik belasting op intemasionale handel as 'n primere bron van staatsinkomste (28% tot 32 %). Namibia word as lid van SADU gekompenseer deur middel van die Gemeenskaplike Eksteme Inkomste Poel vir die gebrek om invoerbelasting op Suid Afrikaanse produkte te hef. Suid-Afrika het sedert die ontstaan van SADU die handelsbeleid daarvan bepaal en het tariewe gebruik om sy eie industrieë te beskerm in plaas van 'n bron van staatsinkomste. Die verlaging van tariewe deur middel van die SA EU TOCA asook verpligtinge van die Wereldhandelsorganisasie sal tot gevolg hê die vermindering van Namibiese staatsinkomste van N$ 480 miljoen, Dit sal geweldige negatiewe gevolge inhou vir Namibie wat alreeds met 'n tekort op die begroting van 4.7% sit in vergelyking met 'n aanvaarde norm van 3%. In hierdie werkstuk is die groei in uitvoerverdienste asook die beleggingsreaksie van die verskillende ooreenskomste ondersoek. Daar is gevind dat desnieteenstaande die teorie, ekonomiese integrasie nie gelei het tot die verlangde groei in uitvoere of beleggings nie. Uitsondenike groei in uitvoere is beperk tot spesifieke sektore naamlik vis na die Europese Unie en klerasie na die VSA. Beleggings is ook beperk tot hierdie sektore. Vryhandel en voorkeurtoegang het nie gelei tot die diversifikasie van Namibie se ekonomie nie en het dit op die keper beskou gelei tot kritiese terugslae op die kritiese beesvleisindustrie in die nabye verlede en het dit oor die langtermyn gelei tot die wegleiding van handel na Suid - Afrika en die Europese Unie. Beleggings en toename in uitvoer is te min om die vermindering van staatsinkomste deur middel van die liberalisering van handel teen te werk. Dit sal tot gevolg hê dat Namibia al meer gemarginaliseerd gaan raak indien dit nie die situasie kan teenwerk deur middel van beter handelsbeleid wat bepaal moet word deur onderhandeling met ander SADU lede nie. Hierdie beleidsrigtings sal lank neem voordat dit van krag sal kom aangesien nie een van die SADU instellings al in volle bedryf is nie.
30
Kim, Jundong. "The underground economy, political regimes, and economic growth : international evidence /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025630.
31
Lau, Woon-chung Arthur. "Economic effects of international tourism industry on Hong Kong economy /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12335733.
32
GIAMMETTI, RAFFAELE. "The Economy as a Whole: Three Essays on Economic Networks." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263566.
Анотація:
Questa tesi comprende tre saggi sulle reti economiche globali. Nel primo capitolo, esaminiamo l'evoluzione storica della rete globale di proprietà e controllo. Utilizzando tecniche di network analysis applicate al database Eikon di Thomson Reuters, introduciamo una definizione di centralizzazione del capitale come controllo di rete e studiamo la sua evoluzione nel tempo, dal 2001 al 2016. I risultati suggeriscono che il controllo globale della rete è altamente centralizzato: la frazione dei top-holders, detentori cumulativamente dell’80% del valore economico globale delle società esaminate, non supera mai il 2%. Inoltre, esaminando le dinamiche temporali del fenomeno, osserviamo un aumento rilevante nella centralizzazione del capitale, soprattutto dopo la crisi. Il secondo capitolo integra la letteratura sull'impatto economico della Brexit e propone una ampia discussione sulla decisione del Regno Unito di lasciare l'UE e su come questo evento influenzerà le reti commerciali internazionali. Utilizzando il World Input-Output Database, sviluppiamo un modello multisettoriale inter-paese che ci consente di identificare tutti i canali commerciali attraverso i quali gli effetti economici della Brexit potrebbero propagarsi. L'inclusione nel nostro modello delle catene globali del valore e degli effetti indiretti della Brexit, conduce a stime che in parte divergono con i risultati della letteratura prevalente. I nostri risultati, infatti, suggeriscono che la Brexit potrebbe essere rischiosa e costosa non solo per il Regno Unito ma anche per molti paesi dell'UE. Abbinando le tecniche di network analysis alla strumentazione tipica degli inputoutput, il terzo capitolo presenta il primo studio topologico della rete di produzione europea e identifica i settori più importanti dal punto di vista sistemico coinvolti nella Brexit. La principale implicazione della nostra analisi, in linea con i risultati del secondo capitolo, è che la Brexit rischia di essere un problema non solo per il Regno Unito, come spesso viene esternato, poiché il suo impatto potrebbe propagarsi all'interno della rete produttiva europea e globale.This dissertation consists of three essays on global economic networks. In the first chapter, we investigate the historical evolution of the global ownership network. Using techniques of complex networks analysis applied to the Thomson Reuters Eikon database we introduce a definition of capital centralization as network control studying its global evolution from 2001 to 2016. We find that the global network control is highly centralized: the fraction of the top holders cumulatively holding the 80% of the global economic value of the companies examined does never exceed 2%. Furthermore, by inspecting the temporal dynamics of the phenomenon we observe a relevant increase in the centralization of capital, especially in the aftermath of the crisis. The second chapter challenges and complements existing papers on the economic impact of Brexit providing a discussion of the UK's decision to leave the EU and how it will affect international trade networks and value-added. Using the World Input-Output Database, we develop a multi-sector inter-country model that allows us to identify all the channels through which the economic effects of Brexit would propagate. The inclusion of global value chains and indirect Brexit effects in our model leads to estimates that diverge with the results of the main literature. Indeed our findings, suggest that Brexit could be risky and costly not only for the UK but also for many EU countries. The third chapter presents the first study of the European production network topology, and provides different rankings of the most 'systemically important' sectors involved in Brexit, according to different measures deriving from both input-output and network analysis literature. The main implication of our findings, in line with the second chapter results, is that Brexit would be not just a problem for the UK, as it is often portrayed, but any form of Brexit could propagate within the EPN and affect businesses and governments in the EU and globally.
33
Knight, Douglas H. "The eschatological economy." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-eschatological-economy(7cfdaf5c-e9ac-4234-a705-2e5d97d500f9).html.
34
Бурлакова, Ірина Михайлівна, Ирина Михайловна Бурлакова, and Iryna Mykhailivna Burlakova. "Ethic of economy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/23049.
35
Гладченко, Оксана Робертівна, Оксана Робертовна Гладченко, Oksana Robertivna Hladchenko, and A. Pedchenko. "The underground economy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16946.
36
Гладченко, Оксана Робертівна, Оксана Робертовна Гладченко, Oksana Robertivna Hladchenko, Юлія Миколаївна Линник, Юлия Николаевна Линник, and Yuliia Mykolaivna Lynnyk. "The knowledge economy." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17506.
Анотація:
The knowledge economy has manifold forms in which it may appear but there are predictions that the new economy will extend radically, creating a pattern in which even ideas will be recogniced and identified as a commodity.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17506
37
Medeiros, David. "Economy of Command." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/238913.
Анотація:
This dissertation proposes a principle of "economy of command", arguing that it provides a simple and natural explanation for some well-known properties of human language syntax. The focus is on the abstract combinatorial system that constructs the hierarchical structure of linguistic expressions, with long-distance dependencies determined by the structural relation of c-command. Adopting the assumption of much recent work that properties of syntax reflect very general organizational principles, I propose that syntactic forms with fewer and shorter c-command relations are preferred. Within the boundaries of strict binary branching assumed here, this results in a preference for hierarchical tree structures to be shallow and bushy, rather than deep and narrow. I pursue two broad applications of this principle, to syntactic movement and phrase structure. I argue that movement, the displacement of material to thematically unrelated positions, is a mechanism to reduce the number and length of c-command relations in the affected structures. I detail the properties we expect if movement is driven by this principle, including antilocality, a size threshold effect, a class of island effects, and feedback effects on iterated patterns of movement. I argue that these predictions align well with recent empirical descriptions of syntactic movement. I develop an account in these terms of the cross-linguistic ordering of elements within nominal phrases. Utilizing a computer program, I show that a single underlying structure common to all languages can give rise to all and only the attested word order possibilities via c-command-reducing movements, and describe the required shape of this underlying structure. The principle of economy of command also makes predictions about the format of phrase structure. Among the possible ways to build self-similar syntactic structure, the phrasal forms that build trees with the fewest c-command relations are "endocentric", in the geometric sense that each phrase contains a unique local terminal, and every daughter of the phrase that does not contain its associated terminal is another phrase. This provides a structural basis for the mysterious headedness of phrases. These successes support the validity of the principle, and reinforce the broader project of seeking naturalistic explanation of linguistic properties.
38
Salvadori, Daniele Giuseppe <1995>. "Data Driven Economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15427.
Анотація:
L'elaborato in questione, in una prima fase, affronta il tema della rilevanza dei dati nella gestione e scelta strategica aziendale. Successivamente, seguendo principalmente uno studio svolto da International Data Corporation (IDC), si intende definire gli elementi che caratterizzano un'impresa Data Driven e la tipologia di infrastruttura tecnologica adottata. Più nello specifico, il tema viene approfondito attraverso la presentazione di un caso aziendale, la quale azienda sta delineando la struttura del modello di business basandosi sulla raccolta, gestione e analisi dei dati. Quest'ultimo caso, è stato esaminato facendo riferimento a un'esperienza personale realizzata nella stessa organizzazione aziendale.
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De, Marchi Marika <1997>. "The Purpose economy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19901.
Анотація:
If we take a look at the past, it can be noticed that the evolution of the economy follows the order of the Maslow pyramid of needs. As a matter of fact, we started with the agrarian economy to satisfy our biological needs and we proceeded with the industrial and information economies to satisfy the psychological ones.
Ultimately, the emergence of the purpose economy is the consequence of the fulfilment of all the levels of the Maslow pyramid but the highest: self-actualization, which nowadays has to be found in our lives and workplace.
Millennials and the following generations are looking for careers with purpose, in purpose-driven organizations focused on the maximization of the double bottom-line (purpose and profit). They want to be treated as assets to be developped rather than as costs to be controlled.
The purpose driven economy is the result of a set of transitions started many years ago when the limits of the pure capitalism have been acknowledged and several terms including “responsible capitalism”, “stakeholders capitalism” and “conscious capitalism” have appeared.
Moreover, the current state of the economy, combined with a widening gap between affluent and underprivileged communities, indicates the private sector has an important role to play in improving the quality of life for stakeholders all around the world. For this reason, a new type of corporation has been introduced: the benefit-corporation. In a nutshell, this kind of organization uses the power of business to solve social and environmental problems.
The need for purpose-driven organizations comes also from the consumers, which are already aligning their buying behaviour with their personal values. As a matter of fact, they use their purchasing power to punish companies for negative corporate conduct and to reward those that positively address a social or environmental issue.
40
GEROSA, ALESSANDRO. "THE HIPSTER ECONOMY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/708105.
Анотація:
Creative economy is one of the paradigmatic economic imaginaries of our age, that shapes national policies and economic behaviours. Recently, an ongoing colonisation of labour-intensive sectors by the imaginary of creative economy is observable, resulting in the birth of a new hybrid «hipster economic imaginary», that combines key features typical of canonical creative occupations with the ones of manual, labour-intensive occupations.
This dissertation will be devoted to the analysis of some businesses consistently influenced by such a «Hybrid economic imaginary». As businesses are shaped and conducted by their owners, our focus will be on the micro-entrepreneurs that manage them.
Accordingly, an exploratory empirical research will be performed with the main objective of analysing micro-entrepreneurs in the specific sector of food and beverage retailing. The choice to focus on this sector, and more specifically on «hybrid bars» and gourmet food trucks has been taken both for their relevance in the Italian scenario, their centrality in Milanese urban policies and for their intense recourse to the imaginary.
The micro-entrepreneurs owners of these businesses will be analysed in the three dimensions that characterise them as economic actors, that is, their identities, working conditions and practises. The aim is to develop an overall picture of how retailers profession change under the influence of the hybrid imaginary of «hipster economy», how they interact and exercise their limited agency in relation to it and implicitly thus also to test the opening hypothesis just illustrated. Moreover, as creative economy imaginary is today also powerfully shaping local processes of urban transformation, we will also analyse how «hipster economic imaginaries» can also shape local identities and influence urban development taking one case study from Milan, deeply connected with the development of hybrid bars.
In Chapter 1 we will first outline a critical history of the creative economy imaginary and then illustrate the general literature review of the approaches and theoretical frameworks used along the dissertation. In chapter 2 we will concentrate on the professional subjectivity of micro-entrepreneurs as it emerges from the interaction between their individual limited agency and the imaginary. Passing to chapter 3, we will analyse their working conditions using the lens of passionate work. Chapter 4 is devoted to the actual practises of micro-entrepreneurs during their everyday work, through which they deal to the customers an authentic experience. Ultimately, in chapter 5 we will analyse the case study of the so-called «NoLo» neighbourhood. Lastly, in the conclusions we will attempt to summarise the findings to develop a more comprehensive and detailed description of the hipster economy imaginary and of the
micro-entrepreneurs that work under it.
41
Gibbs, Scott A. "Economic Development in a Global Economy| A Delphi Study of Economic Development Experts." Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10786063.
Анотація:
Economic globalization and digital technologies are disruptive forces in local and regional economies. The mobility of capital assets is increasing as business seeks global strategic business alliances, access to foreign markets, and favorable operating cost advantages. Business and industry lifecycles are shortening as digital technologies are disrupting legacy business models. This global economic paradigm is challenging economic development efforts to attract private investment, grow jobs, and facilitate sustainable economic health in local and regional economies. As economic developers respond to these new economic contingencies, will they continue to embrace institutionalized strategies from earlier economic paradigms, or will they support strategies that respond to the new dynamics of this global and digital economy? This qualitative study investigated this question using the Delphi study method with a panel of economic development experts. An iterative series of three online surveys was administered with 30 Certified Economic Developers, including a round-one survey presenting an open-ended question to capture the opinions of study participants on strategies to promote economic development. Opinions that emerged from the round-one survey were presented to study participants in round-two and round-three online surveys with the goal of facilitating consensus. The study sought to answer whether the panel of experts agreed on traditional economic development strategies, or embraced new strategies to respond to contingencies of the global and digital economic paradigm.
42
Orthee, Rownak Tabassum, and Linfeng Wang. "Consumer Loyalty in Sharing Economy : A Case on Transport Sharing Economy." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105476.
Анотація:
Sharing economy (SE) has become a major business on a global stage, given that many of the companies involved have grown to become some of the leading firms in terms of investment and reach. Examples include companies in the transportation and car service sectors along with the lodging services. Some of the famous companies are Lyft and Uber in the transport sector and Airbnb in accommodations. As the SE gains ground, there are new challenges presented in understanding customer loyalty. Traditional studies on customer loyalty focused on understanding why consumers remained loyal to one service provider, which was straightforward. However, SE is a challenge because more than one provider gives service. The main purpose of this research was to understand how the various antecedents of customer loyalty along with the traits of SE influence the loyalty of consumers who utilize the SE services, specifically concerning the vehicle transport and car services sharing economy. This research utilized quantitative methods through questionnaires that gathered data from respondents who have utilized a website or app to engage SE services in the transport sector. All antecedents of sharing economy tested such as perceived value and perceived service quality were found to have a positive correlation to customer satisfaction, which had, in turn, a strong positive correlation with customer loyalty.
43
Vu, Trung Dien. "Transportation Infrastructure Investment and Economic Integration: A Case of Vietnam Economy." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/151960.
44
Van, Schalkwyk Aren. "Analysing the impact of a selected economic activity on Oudsthoorn's economy." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1104.
Анотація:
Property development, by its very nature is an element of the economy and can be regarded as a multifaceted business, encompassing activities that include the development of undeveloped land by constructing residential, commercial and industrial buildings, either for leasing or selling. Based on the aforesaid, property development therefore has direct, indirect and induced impacts on the economy. Economic impact refers to the effects, positive or negative, on the level of economic activity in a given area. Measuring economic impact requires a baseline assessment conducted before the activity (property development) occurs and a second, comparable assessment conducted after the activity (property development) occurs. By using the Input- Output Model methodology, various anticipated direct and indirect economic impacts can be quantified. These economic impacts are derived using an understanding of economic cause-effect relationships. The principle of cause-effect is that for any economic action, there can be a multitude of different economic reactions (effects). For the purposes of this treatise, the main cause/action is the implementation of the proposed Alphen Aan Den Rijn Retirement and Lifestyle Village development in Oudtshoorn. The result is a number of direct potential/probable effects, which also have a range of indirect potential/probable effects. Based on the findings of the Input-Output Model, it is clear that the implementation of Alphen will have significant positive socio-economic benefits, e.g. additional business sales, additional GGP and additional employment for the local and regional environment. To ensure that these positive impacts are maximised for the benefit of the overall economy of Oudtshoorn as well as the population of Oudtshoorn, management strategies and mechanisms pertaining to the following are suggested for incorporation into the development proposal: • Workplace Skills Plan; • Labour Contracts; • Service Carrying Capacity Management Plan; • Economic Sustainability; and • Social Sustainability.
45
Huang, Chao-Dong. "Economic reform, structural change and macrostabilisation in the transitional Chinese economy." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336501.
46
Aron, Janine. "Economic policy in a mineral-dependent economy : the case of Zambia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333241.
47
Martin, Aragon Sanchez Fernando. "Essays on economic development and political economy : evidence from Latin America." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2010. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2372/.
Анотація:
This thesis presents three papers that contribute to our understanding of economic development. In particular, I explore the role of natural resources and political actors on economic development and provide empirical evidence from Latin America. Chapter 1 draws on joint work with Juan Pablo Rud. In this chapter we study the impact of a large Peruvian gold mine on the local population. Using annual household data from 1997 to 2006, we find evidence of a positive effect of the mine's demand of local inputs on real income, household welfare and poverty reduction. The effects are only present in the mine's supply market and surrounding areas. We examine and rule out that the results are driven by the fiscal revenue windfall from mining levies. Using a spatial general equilibrium model, we interpret these results as evidence of welfare gains generated by the mine's backward linkages. Chapter 2 explores empirically the effect of party nomination procedures on political selection and governance. Using a new data set of Latin American parties, I find evidence of a positive relationship between primaries, electoral performance and quality of government. I interpret these results as evidence of primaries improving political selection. To address relevant identification concerns, I use an instrumental variable approach based on determinants suggested by a model of endogenous primaries, which I test on the data. Chapter 3 studies the role of costly taxation as an explanation of the flypaper effect: the observed greater response of public spending to grants than to increments of the tax base. I develop a model of local spending with costly taxation and test the model using data from Peruvian municipalities. I find that differences in tax collection costs explain almost one third of the flypaper effect.
48
Hoxsie, Christian Conor. "Obligation vs. Economy: The Morality and Economic Complications of Capital Punishment." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1034.
Анотація:
If we accept the existence evil and evil people in the world, should we punish them? If so, to what extend? Are we obligated to take an evil person's life and if so, how far does our obligation go? Our inquiry begins with a look into the justifications of capital punishment through three philosophical theories: Locke's Deterrence Theory, Kant's Retributivist Theory, and Matthew Kramer's Purgative Rationale Theory. Next we will look at the economic weight of the U.S. capital punishment system. Lastly, should we accept an obligation to the death penalty, we will discuss whether or not the economic burden is worth our commitment. Our discussion will lead to a synergy of the two, one that reduces the economic burden while providing a richer purpose to capital punishment than merely killing criminals.
49
Mills, Bryan Keith. "Economic linkages within the rural economy : the case of producer services." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2868.
Анотація:
This research seeks to contribute towards the understanding of economic linkage within the rural context by exploring the relationship between rurally located small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their purchase of producer (business) services. In addition, the work considers other inter-rural and intra-rural differences, in both firm (SME) behaviour and firm characteristics. Whilst the subject of linkages has been explored by other researchers, the market town and SME focus of this thesis provides a more spatially contained framework than is often encountered within this type of research. By using four towns of similar size and structure contained within two noticeably different counties, the work is able to explore difference within the rural setting. Given its emphasis on market towns, rural areas, SMEs, the service sector and indigenous growth potential, the work contributes to current debates in both academia and in national and European government policy. The underlying hypothesis is that integration, in terms of local spending on producer services, is a function of a firm's characteristics. In order to test this hypothesis, data was collected from four rural towns, and a logistic regression model was constructed using variables that described both firms' characteristics and proportion of spend on services in their resident town. The model was then tested using data collected firom a further two towns. This thesis shows that there is a relationship between a firm's characteristics and the location of the firm's producer service spending, enhancing our understanding of firms operating within the rural context. Key characteristic variables that are shown to have a relationship with producer service spend location are: firm Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), size (in terms of total sales, total number of hours worked by all staff), total spend on producer services by firm and distance that the current location is from the firm's previous location. Given the changing role and nature of rural firms, this research provides timely information concerning the relationship between firms and service providers.
50
Ramluggun-Essoo, Priya Narvada. "Economic valuation of the coastal zone in a small island economy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247128.