Дисертації: "Economy of ritual"

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Yun, Kyoim. "Performing the sacred political economy and shamanic ritual on Cheju island, South Korea /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3278198.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. Folklore and Ethnomusicology, 2007. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: A, page: 4015. Advisers: Richard Bauman; Roger L. Janelli. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 7, 2008).

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Sigler, Jennifer. "FIRST COMES LOVE: RITUAL AND DOMESTICITY IN THE ASPIRATIONAL LEISURE-LABOR ECONOMY OF THE 21ST CENTURY." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1675.

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This dissertation explores the blurring of labor and leisure through new technologies, specifically how women are transforming the home into a marketing site — both as sellers of lifestyles and as consumers of market produced goods and narratives. I take up three phenomena that emphasize the spontaneous allure and risk of participating in the aspirational leisure-labor that has resulted from the expansion of work. First, I examine the collective fascination with the hunt for the perfect bridal gown in Say Yes to the Dress — currently running its 17th season — and continued memorialization through the wedding photography featured on the blog Style Me Pretty. Second, I turn to several lifestyle blogs that offer designer-grade Do-It-Yourself projects on a budget and Instagram accounts that adhere to what I coin as a “minimalist, homestead aesthetic.” Third, I turn to Pinterest, the virtual “bookmarking tool” that has taken digital media by storm. Each of these sites offer unique representations of domestic spaces and tasks through public, image-based medias and depict another layer of a re-ritualization of domestic labor. I find that even as capital erodes the domestic sphere, there is a new preoccupation with recovering the home as sacred space through rituals.

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Miller, G. Logan. "RITUAL, CRAFT, AND ECONOMY IN OHIO HOPEWELL: AN EXAMINATION OF TWO EARTHWORKS ON THE LITTLE MIAMI RIVER." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405330537.

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Shady, Ruth, and Trujillo Sonia López. "Ritual de enterramiento de un recinto en el Sector Residencial A en Caral-Supe." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113511.

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Burial Ritual of a Room in the Residential Area "A" at Caral-SupeInformation obtained from a special closed context, a kind of box or little room, built as part of a final entombment of Room 6 located at an excavated module in residential zone A at Caral is presented. The contents reveal cultural and social expressions during the Late Archaic Period related with subsistence, production as well as the prevailing ideology. This context gives an approximated idea of the economic and social activities of this society and how religion influenced in this level of historic-social development in Peru. Se incluye la información obtenida de un contexto cerrado especial, una especie de cajón o recinto pequeño, construido como parte del enterramiento final del recinto n° 6 de uno de los módulos excavados en el sector residencial A de Caral. El contenido revela las expresiones culturales de la sociedad de Supe durante el Arcaico Tardío en cuanto a recursos alimentarios, la manufactura de objetos y la ideología predominante en la época. A través de el se puede tener un cuadro bastante aproximado de las actividades económicas y sociales de la población, así como del rol que la religión tuvo en este nivel de formacion histórico-social del Perú.

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Stensrud, Astrid B. "the urban pilgrims in Qoyllurit’i and the mimetic miniature game." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/78727.

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Este artículo trata de los peregrinos de la ciudad de Cusco que participan en el juego de miniaturas en el santuario de Qoyllurit’i. Partiendo de una descripción del contexto socioeconómico urbano y de la ontología andina, este trabajo se propone explorar cómo podemos entender el juego, el significado de las miniaturas, y la importancia del peregrinaje en el contexto urbano contemporáneo. Una fuerte motivación para ir a Qoyllurit’i consiste en dar poder a los deseos en la vida y asegurar prosperidad económica para el futuro a través de relaciones recíprocas con lugares y objetos. En estas relaciones, valores como el respeto y la fe son importantes. Utilizando los conceptos analíticos de virtualidad y mímesis, analizo el juego como una forma de comunicación fundamentada en una ontología en la cual no se distingue entre naturaleza-cultura, materia-espíritu, significante-significado. Además, se muestra que las prácticas religiosas indígenas son procesos culturales y materiales que son recreados constantemente en relaciones continuas y recíprocas entre lo rural y lo urbano. El artículo se basa en dos años y dos meses de trabajo de campo etnográfico (2001-2002, 200-2007, 2008) en un pueblo joven de la ciudad de Cusco y en tres peregrinajes a Qoyllurit’i (2002, 2007, 2008). This article is about the pilgrims from Cusco city who participate in the miniature game in the sanctuary of Qoyllurit’i. Starting with a description of the urban socioeconomic context and the Andean ontology, this text intends to explore how we may understand the game, the meaning of the miniatures, and the importance of the pilgrimage in the contemporary urban context. A strong motivation for going to Qoyllurit’i is to empower the desires of life and ensure economic prosperity for the future through reciprocal relations with places and objects. In these relations, values like respect and faith are important. Using the analytical concepts «virtuality» and «mimesis», the article analyzes the game as a form of communication based in an ontology in which there are no distinctions between nature-culture, signifier-signified, and matter-spirit. Furthermore, it shows that indigenous religious practices are cultural and material processes which are constantly recreated in continuous and reciprocal relations between the rural and the urban. The article is based on two years and two months of ethnographic fieldwork (2001-2002, 200-2007, 2008) in a neighborhood in Cusco city and in three pilgrimages to Qoyllurit’i (2002, 2007, 2008).

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Grando, Válečková Šárka. "Signification économique, sociale et symbolique du bœuf dans la Préhistoire récente de l’Europe moyenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG039.

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L'apparition de l'élevage dans les sociétés néolithiques a été immédiatement mise en relation avec la nécessité de satisfaire les besoins nutritionnels de la population. Cette vision traditionnelle reflète l'interprétation selon laquelle l'animal est envisagé dans une dimension utilitaire comme pourvoyeur de protéines, notamment en viande et en produits secondaires, ainsi que fournisseur d'énergie. Or, de nombreux exemples en ethnologie nous livrent une image différente où l'animal est chargé d'une dimension symbolique, et à qui on accorde un rôle important dans le cadre de la majorité des rituels sociaux et religieux. Dans cette situation, nous pouvons nous demander de quel statut bénéficiaient les animaux domestiques, en particulier le bœuf, et à quoi servait son élevage dans les sociétés de la Préhistoire récente ? Cette problématique est abordée via une confrontation des données issues de l'archéozoologie et les résultats des recherches ethnologiques dans l'esprit de la méthode comparative. L'analyse est menée à travers l'élevage des premières communautés agropastorales en Europe appartenant à la culture à céramique linéaire, le Rubané (5600 — 4900 av. J.-C.) The appearance of animal husbandry in Neolithic societies was immediately linked to the need to meet the nutritional needs of the population. This traditional view reflects the interpretation according to which the animal is viewed in a utilitarian dimension as a supplier of protein, especially meat and secondary products, as well as a supplier of manual aid. However, many examples in ethnology give us a different image where the animal is charged with a symbolic dimension, and to which an important role is granted in the framework of the majority of social and religious rituals. In this situation, we can ask ourselves what status did domestic animals enjoy, especially cattle, and what was their breeding used for in recent prehistoric societies ? This issue is addressed through a comparison of data from archaeozoology and the results of ethnological research in the spirit of the comparative method. The analysis is carried out through the breeding of the first agro-pastoral communities in Europe belonging to the culture with linear ceramics, the LBK (5600 - 4900 BC)

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Millones, Luis. "Los cazadores del antiguo Perú: economia y ritual de la cinegetica precolombina." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115435.

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Dal, Poz Neto João. "Dadivas e dividas na Amazonia : parentesco, economia e ritual nos Cinta-Larga." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279928.

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Orientador: Marcio Ferreira da Silva Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T19:32:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DalPozNeto_Joao_D.pdf: 8264039 bytes, checksum: ae7591c9e908a4a0f8772576c6c7e445 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 Doutorado

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Alvarez, Gabriel Omar. "Mercosur ritual : politicos y diplomaticos en las politica de integracion del cono sur." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2000. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/7260.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Antropologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Antropologia Social, 2000. Submitted by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza (jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2011-04-02T20:29:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2000_GabrielOmarAlvarez.pdf: 578780 bytes, checksum: e87dd0c5e9d5d687d12d5533ae9474e8 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Ferreira de Souza(jaquefs.braz@gmail.com) on 2011-04-02T20:31:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2000_GabrielOmarAlvarez.pdf: 578780 bytes, checksum: e87dd0c5e9d5d687d12d5533ae9474e8 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-02T20:31:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2000_GabrielOmarAlvarez.pdf: 578780 bytes, checksum: e87dd0c5e9d5d687d12d5533ae9474e8 (MD5) Este trabalho aborda o Mercosul a partir de distintas iniciativas de políticos e diplomatas implementadas durante o período 1997-1999. Estes atores serão considerados como brokers que tem um papel estratégico na articulação de um novo nível de integração. Os rituais apresentaram-se como uma ferramenta eficaz para explicar as diversas ambiguidades e contradições inerentes ao processo de integração. Trabalharei os diferentes rituais, que estruturam-se em um continuum que vai desde os rituais de agregação aos rituais de poder; desde os mais laxos aos mais rígidos. Os mesmos estruturam as relações entre os brokers, permitem-nos mostrar a passagem da comunidade de argumentação para uma comunidade de comunicação mais ampla e para a construção do Mercosul como comunidade imaginada. Os rituais são analisados como um poderoso veículo de comunicação de conteúdos altamente abstratos, os fazem sensíveis; dão existência simbólica ao projeto político no qual combinam-se regionalização e globalização. Por meio dos rituais se re-cria um poder estrutural, que faz sentir seus efeitos na economia política da região. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT This study analyzes Mercosur starting from different initiatives of politician and diplomats implemented during the period 1997-1999. These actors will be considered as brokers that have a strategic role in the articulation of the new level of integration. Rituals were conceived as an effective tool for explaining the diverse ambiguities and inherent contradictions of the integration process. The different rituals are structured in a continuum that goes from rituals of aggregation to rituals of power; from the very lax to the very rigid. Ritual also structure the relationships among brokers; they allow us to show the passage from a community of argumentation to a broader community of communication and for the construction of Mercosur as an imagined community. Rituals are analyzed as a powerful vehicle of communication of highly abstract content, and they give symbolic existence, make them sensitive to the political project which combines regionalization and globalization. By means of the rituals a structural power is re-created, and its effect on the political economy of the region is felt. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMEN Este trabajo aborda el Mercosur a partir de distintas iniciativas de políticos y diplomáticos implementadas durante el periodo 1997-1999. Estos actores serán considerados como brokers que tienen un papel estratégico en la articulación del nuevo nivel de integración. Los rituales se presentaron como una herramienta eficaz para explicar las diversas ambigüedades y contradicciones inherentes al proceso de integración. Trabajaré los diferentes rituales, que se estructuran en un continum que va desde los rituales de agregación a los rituales de poder, desde los más laxos a los más rígidos. Los mismos estructuran las relaciones entre los brokers, nos permiten mostrar el pasaje de la comunidad de argumentación para la comunidad de comunicación más amplia y para la construcción del Mercosur como comunidad imaginada. Los rituales son analizados como un poderoso vehículo de comunicación de contenidos altamente abstractos, los hacen sensibles; dan existencia simbólica al proyecto político en el que se combinan regionalización y globalización. Por medio de los rituales se re-crea un poder estructural, que deja sentir sus efectos en la economía política de la región.

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Cunha, Francisco Eduardo de Oliveira. "Caminhos para socioeconomias alternativas em Ãreas rurais: elementos de agroecologia e economia solidÃria do Assentamento Santa Rita, Aratuba - CE." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12436.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior Tem-se observado nas Ãltimas dÃcadas que o modo de produÃÃo capitalista se expandiu no meio rural (seu habitat de origem) numa voracidade sem precedentes, sob a Ãgide da chamada RevoluÃÃo Verde. Referida revoluÃÃo no campo tem concorrido para a modernizaÃÃo da agricultura, implementando prÃticas de monocultura, uso intensivo de produtos quÃmicos na fertilizaÃÃo dos solos e no controle de pragas, melhoramentos genÃticos, dentre outras aÃÃes. No entanto, tal modificaÃÃo tem corroborado para a devastaÃÃo acentuada das Ãreas cultivÃveis, bem como a afetaÃÃo dos ecossistemas locais e tambÃm da saÃde dos agricultores e dos consumidores dessa ânova modalidadeâ de alimentos. Ademais, nessa busca incessante pelo crescimento econÃmico nas Ãreas rurais, Verificou-se que dois entes pertencentes a um mesmo sistema vivo e complexo, foram postos em lados antagÃnicos: o homem (organizado em economia e sociedade) â e a natureza. HÃ, portanto, uma visÃvel percepÃÃo de um ponto crÃtico e alarmante nesse relacionar, sobretudo quando nos deparamos com a degradaÃÃo ambiental e ao uso desenfreado dos recursos naturais a fim de atender ao crescimento insaciÃvel e insustentÃvel do modelo de acumulaÃÃo capitalista. Diante de mais este cenÃrio de crise â a ambiental â, referida pesquisa se lanÃou em realizar uma anÃlise descritiva das experiÃncias de Agroecologia e Economia SolidÃria dos pequenos produtores do assentamento Santa Rita, localizado no municÃpio de Aratuba, dentro da Ãrea de ProteÃÃo Ambiental da Serra de BaturitÃ, no estado do CearÃ, buscando encontrar e se legitimar evidÃncias empÃricas de caminhos alternativos possÃveis, na perspectiva de um relacionar mais harmÃnico Entre economia e natureza, a partir de uma abordagem teÃrica da Economia EcolÃgica. Na perspectiva de se verificar e descrever tais indÃcios, implementou-se a construÃÃo de um Ãndice que buscou aferir elementos de agroecologia e de economia solidÃria das prÃticas agrÃcolas no assentamento estudado, o qual denominou-se de iecosol, no intuito de nos oferecer subsÃdios para uma anÃlise que se paute em aspectos predominantemente qualitativos. Por fim, com os resultados obtidos no iecosol, pÃde-se verificar que mesmo diante das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pequenos produtores na afirmaÃÃo dos elementos de economias alternativas, tais experiÃncias tem contribuÃdo para a reflexÃo e discussÃo acerca de uma outra racionalidade produtiva viÃvel, que reconheÃa a natureza como limitante das relaÃÃes econÃmicas, sobretudo em Ãreas rurais, as quais ainda apresentam caracterÃsticas que favorecem a prÃtica de relaÃÃes entre os homens e estes com a natureza, de forma mais harmoniosa e menos degradante. It has been observed in recent decades that the capitalist mode of production has expanded in rural places (habitat of origin ) in unprecedented greed, under the aegis of the so called Green Revolution. Referred revolution in the field have contributed to the modernization of agriculture, implementing practices of monoculture, intensive use of chemicals in soil fertilization and pest control, genetic improvements, among other actions. However, such changes have contributed for the devastation of cropland sharp, and the allocation of local ecosystems and also the health of farmers and consumers of this "new type" of food. Moreover, this relentless pursuit of economic growth in rural places, it was found that two entities belonging to the same complex living system and were put into opposing sides: the man (organized in the economy and society) - and nature. There is therefore a clear perception of a critical and alarming that relate, especially when faced with environmental degradation and rampant use of natural resources in order to meet the growing insatiable and unsustainable model of capitalist accumulation. Faced with this scenario over crisis - the environment - such research is launched to perform a descriptive analysis of the experiences of Agroecology and Solidarity Economy of smallholders nesting Santa Rita, located in the municipality of Aratuba within the Environmental Protection Place of Sierra Baturite in the state of CearÃ, seeking to legitimize and find empirical evidence of alternative ways possible , in view of a more harmonious relationship between the economy and nature, from a theoretical approach of Ecological Economics. In view of present and describe such evidence, we have implemented the construction of an index that seek to gauge elements agroecology and solidarity economy practices in agricultural settlement studied , which is called iecosol in order to provide insight to the an analysis whose agenda in predominantly qualitative aspects. Finally, the results obtained in iecosol, it was observed that even before the difficulties faced by small producers in the statement of the elements of alternative economies, such experiences have contributed to the debate and discussion about different feasible production rationality, which recognizes nature as limiting economic relations, especially in rural places, which still exhibit characteristics that favor the practice of relations between these men and with nature, in a more harmonious and less degrading.

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Rocha, Fabiano e. Silva. "Trabalho e Economia Familiar Agrícola : Considerações sobre o processo de reconfiguração dos Comportamentos Econômicos dos Moradores da Vila Cariongo, em Santa Rita /MA." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/581.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:01:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_FabianoSilvaRocha.pdf: 6036893 bytes, checksum: b670ab9131dc028000fa7b0790fffafd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-30 FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO The present paper comprehends a field study of the economic life of the inhabitants of Cariongo village in Santa Rita/MA. For the undertaking of this research we made use of a method which contemplated both qualitative and quantitative data analyses in loco observation and statistics thus, allowing us to interpret that the inhabitants of that village face a situation of crisis in the production of manioc flour, precisely, for having their right to farm their lands revoked by the INCRA, which had intervened in an agrarian conflict between the inhabitants and local grileiros . Therefore, it occurred to us that the inhabitants of Cariongo are now undergoing what we identified as a process of reconfiguration of their economic behavior. The interpretations made thereof were basically conducted by the theoretical and methodological orientation of the economic sociology of Karl Polanyi and Max Weber, apart from the analytical discussion on subsistence economies highlighting the historians Fernand Braudel and Immanuel Wallerstein who defend a rather contrary perspective to that of the neoclassical economic theory in the face of the expansion of the historical capitalism world economy. Thus, the economic field is the ultimate point of the present research and practically of the entire debate, however, there is no intention of limiting the discussion to this field alone, this way, the focus on that social reality also takes into consideration its relation to both political and cultural fields (with analysis of the educational capital) precisely given that we understand the multiple dimensions of social life as undoubtedly inseparable aspects, yet it is not about harmonious relations, the social realm is one of struggle between the agents, a realm of contention between those who dominate and those who are dominated. In regard to this analysis of the political and cultural fields we made use of the theoretical propositions of Pierre Bourdieu with his notion of domination and symbolic violence as means of appropriation of both economic and cultural capital. Este trabalho ocupa-se de um estudo de campo sobre a vida econômica dos moradores da Vila Cariongo, em Santa Rita/MA. Para a realização desta pesquisa utilizamos o método misto quali-quanti observação in loco e estatística , desta maneira, tornou-se possível interpretar que os moradores daquela Vila enfrentam uma situação de crise da produção de farinha de mandioca, justamente por terem suas terras agricultáveis interditadas pelo INCRA, este que intermediou um conflito agrário entre moradores e grileiros locais . Diante deste problema, percebemos que os moradores do Cariongo enfrentam o que identificamos como um processo de reconfiguração dos comportamentos econômicos. As interpretações aqui realizadas foram conduzidas basicamente pelas orientações teórico-metodológicas da sociologia econômica de Karl Polanyi e Max Weber, além da discussão analítica sobre as economias de subsistência, com destaque aos historiadores Fernand Braudel e Immanuel Wallerstein que defendem uma posição contrária à teoria econômica neoclássica frente à expansão da economia-mundo do capitalismo histórico. Neste sentido, o campo econômico é o ponto nevrálgico da pesquisa e de praticamente todo o debate, no entanto, não há o intuito de reduzir a discussão a este único campo, sendo assim, o enfoque sobre aquela realidade social também considera a sua relação com o campo político e o campo cultural (com análise do capital escolar), justamente por entendermos as múltiplas dimensões da vida social como aspectos indubitavelmente inseparáveis, contudo não se trata de relações harmônicas, o espaço social é o espaço de lutas entre os agentes, o espaço de disputas entre dominantes e dominados. No que se refere a esta análise do campo político e do campo cultural fez-se uso das proposições teóricas de Pierre Bourdieu com a sua noção de dominação e violência simbólica enquanto mecanismos de apropriação do capital econômico e do capital cultural.

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Qin, Wei. "Economic, social and cultural factors underlying the contemporary revival of the Chesuo ritual in a Jiarong-Tibetan village." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17640/.

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Pinheiro, Ana. "A DÁDIVA NO RITUAL DA PROCISSÃO DO FOGARÉU NA CIDADE DE GOIÁS." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2004. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/807.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:47:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Pinheiro.pdf: 439290 bytes, checksum: 18a6495b703c7e2e818ba94df16529dc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-08-19 This dissertation is a bibliographic and empirical study which intends to aunch in the academic milieu not only the gift-giving analysis but its role in production and reproduction of social ties as well as its place and importance in the different forms of societies. Based on Mauss theory, gift-giving is in all societies, be modern, be traditional. This theory comprises of a genuine social system, with its own specificities and differences. The present study contains a discussion based on those authors who were inspired by Maussian literature. Mauss argues that the gift-giving is a paradigm which is peculiar to social sciences and he suggests that a societys formed by a primary social rule, that is, the process of gift-exchange for giving, receiving and rewarding. All of them create the cement bonds of social solidarity which are more important than the output of goods. In the light of Mauss theory, this research aims to link his ideas and Procissão do Fogaréu da Cidade de Goiás Cresset Procession in Goiás Town -. It presupposes that the procession is seen as an event which dramatizes the major gift-giving act in the Christian imaginary, that is, Jesus Christ donation to save the world. The procession is a dramatic representation whose ritual reports the bible text, and at same time, the local tradition which is experienced and defined by the people who live in Goiás Town. O presente trabalho é um estudo bibliográfico e empírico que busca colocar no meio acadêmico, a análise da dádiva e seu papel na produção e reprodução do laço social, bem como seu lugar e importância nas diversas formas de sociedade que coexistem nos dias de hoje. Segundo essa teoria, a dádiva está presente em todas as partes da sociedade, tanto nas modernas, como nas mais tradicionais. Desta forma, ela constitui um sistema social genuíno, com especificidades próprias e diferentes dos outros sistemas existentes na sociedade. Todo o trabalho demonstra uma maior afinidade por aqueles autores inspirados por leituras maussianas. Para Mauss, a dádiva é um paradigma próprio das ciências sociais e sugere que a sociedade se forma a partir de uma regra social primeira, a obrigação de dar, receber, retribuir e que a constituição do vínculo social é mais importante do que a produção de bens. A proposta da dissertação objetiva estabelecer uma conexão entre os estudos de Mauss e a Procissão do Fogaréu da Cidade De Goiás, partindo do pressuposto de que o evento teatraliza o maior ato de gratuidade do imaginário cristão: a entrega de Jesus Cristo para a salvação do mundo. A procissão é um ritual que, narrando um texto bíblico, superpõe, através de sua representação dramática, uma tradição vivida e definida localmente.

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Cunha, Francisco Eduardo de Oliveira. "Caminhos para socioeconomias alternativas em áreas rurais: elementos de agroecologia e economia solidária do Assentamento Santa Rita, Aratuba - CE." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14945.

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CUNHA, F. E. O. Caminhos para socioeconomias alternativas em áreas rurais: elementos de agroecologia e economia solidária do Assentamento Santa Rita, Aratuba - CE. 2013. 168 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2014. Submitted by Daniel Eduardo Alencar da Silva (dealencar.silva@gmail.com) on 2015-01-29T17:57:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_feocunha.pdf: 10714621 bytes, checksum: 5fb09e48487a5968ab81bb184ac83420 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa(jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-01-26T18:29:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_feocunha.pdf: 10714621 bytes, checksum: 5fb09e48487a5968ab81bb184ac83420 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:29:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_feocunha.pdf: 10714621 bytes, checksum: 5fb09e48487a5968ab81bb184ac83420 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 It has been observed in recent decades that the capitalist mode of production has expanded in rural places (habitat of origin ) in unprecedented greed, under the aegis of the so called Green Revolution. Referred revolution in the field have contributed to the modernization of agriculture, implementing practices of monoculture, intensive use of chemicals in soil fertilization and pest control, genetic improvements, among other actions. However, such changes have contributed for the devastation of cropland sharp, and the allocation of local ecosystems and also the health of farmers and consumers of this "new type" of food. Moreover, this relentless pursuit of economic growth in rural places, it was found that two entities belonging to the same complex living system and were put into opposing sides: the man (organized in the economy and society) - and nature. There is therefore a clear perception of a critical and alarming that relate, especially when faced with environmental degradation and rampant use of natural resources in order to meet the growing insatiable and unsustainable model of capitalist accumulation. Faced with this scenario over crisis - the environment - such research is launched to perform a descriptive analysis of the experiences of Agroecology and Solidarity Economy of smallholders nesting Santa Rita, located in the municipality of Aratuba within the Environmental Protection Place of Sierra Baturite in the state of Ceará, seeking to legitimize and find empirical evidence of alternative ways possible , in view of a more harmonious relationship between the economy and nature, from a theoretical approach of Ecological Economics. In view of present and describe such evidence, we have implemented the construction of an index that seek to gauge elements agroecology and solidarity economy practices in agricultural settlement studied , which is called iecosol in order to provide insight to the an analysis whose agenda in predominantly qualitative aspects. Finally, the results obtained in iecosol, it was observed that even before the difficulties faced by small producers in the statement of the elements of alternative economies, such experiences have contributed to the debate and discussion about different feasible production rationality, which recognizes nature as limiting economic relations, especially in rural places, which still exhibit characteristics that favor the practice of relations between these men and with nature, in a more harmonious and less degrading. Tem-se observado nas últimas décadas que o modo de produção capitalista se expandiu no meio rural (seu habitat de origem) numa voracidade sem precedentes, sob a égide da chamada Revolução Verde. Referida revolução no campo tem concorrido para a modernização da agricultura, implementando práticas de monocultura, uso intensivo de produtos químicos na fertilização dos solos e no controle de pragas, melhoramentos genéticos, dentre outras ações. No entanto, tal modificação tem corroborado para a devastação acentuada das áreas cultiváveis, bem como a afetação dos ecossistemas locais e também da saúde dos agricultores e dos consumidores dessa “nova modalidade” de alimentos. Ademais, nessa busca incessante pelo crescimento econômico nas áreas rurais, Verificou-se que dois entes pertencentes a um mesmo sistema vivo e complexo, foram postos em lados antagônicos: o homem (organizado em economia e sociedade) – e a natureza. Há, portanto, uma visível percepção de um ponto crítico e alarmante nesse relacionar, sobretudo quando nos deparamos com a degradação ambiental e ao uso desenfreado dos recursos naturais a fim de atender ao crescimento insaciável e insustentável do modelo de acumulação capitalista. Diante de mais este cenário de crise – a ambiental –, referida pesquisa se lançou em realizar uma análise descritiva das experiências de Agroecologia e Economia Solidária dos pequenos produtores do assentamento Santa Rita, localizado no município de Aratuba, dentro da Área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra de Baturité, no estado do Ceará, buscando encontrar e se legitimar evidências empíricas de caminhos alternativos possíveis, na perspectiva de um relacionar mais harmônico Entre economia e natureza, a partir de uma abordagem teórica da Economia Ecológica. Na perspectiva de se verificar e descrever tais indícios, implementou-se a construção de um índice que buscou aferir elementos de agroecologia e de economia solidária das práticas agrícolas no assentamento estudado, o qual denominou-se de iecosol, no intuito de nos oferecer subsídios para uma análise que se paute em aspectos predominantemente qualitativos. Por fim, com os resultados obtidos no iecosol, pôde-se verificar que mesmo diante das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos pequenos produtores na afirmação dos elementos de economias alternativas, tais experiências tem contribuído para a reflexão e discussão acerca de uma outra racionalidade produtiva viável, que reconheça a natureza como limitante das relações econômicas, sobretudo em áreas rurais, as quais ainda apresentam características que favorecem a prática de relações entre os homens e estes com a natureza, de forma mais harmoniosa e menos degradante.

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Dussol, Lydie. "Feux et forêts mayas : usages et gestion des combustibles ligneux dans les Basses Terres centrales mayas à la période Classique : le cas du site de Naachtun, Petén, Guatemala : approche anthracologique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H072.

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L’essor et le développement des sociétés mayas anciennes dans un environnement forestier tropical, longtemps réputé hostile, ont soulevé de nombreuses questions, pour la plupart restées sans réponse par manque de données empiriques. Les modèles relatifs à l'exploitation des forêts, à l’impact anthropique sur le milieu et aux stratégies d’adaptation aux changements environnementaux au cours des trois millénaires d'occupation maya, bien que fondés sur des données palynologiques et sédimentologiques, n'ont que rarement été validés par des données archéologiques ou archéobotaniques. En particulier, il n’existe que très peu d'études sur l’économie des bois de feu dans les sociétés mayas préhispaniques, alors que le bois, en tant que ressource de base, constitue assurément un important marqueur écologique et économique dans l’étude des sociétés préindustrielles. Notre projet doctoral avait donc pour objectif principal de reconstituer, par le biais d'une étude anthracologique systématique et diachronique, les stratégies d'acquisition et les usages des bois de feu sur un site maya, afin d'analyser l'impact réciproque entre les activités humaines et les changements du couvert ligneux local sur toute la durée de son occupation. Cette recherche a été menée sur le site de Naachtun, cité de la période classique (250-950 apr. J.-C.) situé à l'extrême nord du Guatemala. Son développement sur huit siècles (≈150-950/1000 apr. J.-C.), les dynamiques de population non linéaires qu'on y observe, ainsi que sa résilience face à la crise du Classique terminal, faisaient tout l'intérêt de Naachtun pour étudier les interactions entre les anciens Mayas et les forêts sur le temps long. Ce travail a nécessité au préalable la compilation d'une collection anatomique de référence des bois des Basses Terres centrales, qui compte aujourd'hui 231 taxons appartenant à 52 familles, matériels physiques et numériques compris. Deux autres thématiques de recherche ont été développées dans ce projet. La première traite de l'impact des processus taphonomiques sur la préservation des charbons archéologiques dans les sites mayas, à travers une étude expérimentale de la combustion de cinq essences de la forêt maya. La seconde a porté sur l'usage du feu et des cendres dans les pratiques rituelles des anciens Mayas. Les dépôts de cendres et de charbons résultant d'actions rituelles y sont examinés selon une approche spatiale de façon à restituer les gestes humains responsables de leur formation. À travers ces trois axes de recherches interdépendants, on démontre l'apport de l'anthracologie dans l'étude des dynamiques socio-environnementales et des comportements humains dans les Basses Terres mayas The rise and development of ancient Maya societies in the tropical forests of the Maya Lowlands, a demanding environment, have raised important questions, most of which remain unanswered due to a lack of empirical data. Models describing Maya forest exploitation, landscapes impact and adaptation to environmental changes over three millennia of occupation mostly rely on palynological and sedimentological data. Archaeological or archaeobotanical data has conversely very rarely been used to test these models. Specifically, no attempt has been made to reconstruct systematically the global wood economy of ancient Maya cities. Wood was an indispensable resource for the Maya, as for all pre-industrial societies, and thus constitutes a key economic and ecological indicator for understanding socio-environmental interactions over time. This doctoral study therefore aims to conduct a systematic and diachronic anthracological study at a Maya site, in order to reconstruct domestic firewood collection strategies and analyze cross relations between human activities and woodland changes throughout the whole length of the occupation. This research has been carried out at the site of Naachtun, a Classic period city (AD 250-950) located in northern Petén, Guatemala. The development of the city over eight centuries≈ ( AD 150 -950/1000), with non-linear population dynamics, and its resilience during the Terminal Classic crisis, made the site of Naachtun a relevant candidate for the study of the interactions between the ancient Maya and the forest on a long-term scale. This required beforehand the compilation of a wood reference collection for the Central Maya Lowlands, which now comprises 231 taxa belonging to 52 families, physical and numerical materials included. Two other lines of research have been developed in this project. The first focuses on the impact of taphonomic processes on the preservation of archaeological charcoal at Maya sites, by means of an experimental study of the combustion of five tree species of the Maya forest. The second one deals with the use of fire and ashes in the ritual practices of the ancient Maya. Ash and charcoal deposits resulting from ritual actions are examined through a spatial approach in order to reconstitute the human gestures that are responsible for their formation. These three interdependent lines of research allow us to demonstrate the usefulness of anthracology in the study of the socio-environmental dynamics and human behaviors in the Maya Lowlands

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Chiu, Hsiao-Chiao. "An island of the floating world : kinship, rituals, and political-economic change in post-Cold War Jinmen." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3472/.

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During the Cold War era, the island of Jinmen was the frontline of the Republic of China in its military standoff with the People’s Republic of China. From 1949 to 1992, the life of the islanders was profoundly disturbed and altered by wars and militarization generated by the bipolar politics. Despite this, the localized patrilineages dating from imperial times remain central to the organization of local social life. Grounded on fifteen months of fieldwork in a patrilineal community, this dissertation demonstrates the significant roles of kinship and kinship-related rituals in sustaining the local social fabric through turmoil and uncertainty during and after the Cold War. The first part of this thesis focuses on lineage ancestral sacrifices, domestic worship, and funerals. The continuation of rituals that sustain patterns of interpersonal relationships is argued to constitute a means of negating the destruction of social order experienced in the period of military control and conflict. Yet, against the background of these ritual continuities, the thesis also examines how they have been adapted to shifting circumstances, such as the involvement of military and political authorities in folk ritual practices as a means for securing their legitimacy, and the material changes in rituals that have accompanied rapid commercialization from the 1990s. The second part focuses on the impact of the Cold War on local political and economic life and state-society relations. Despite some salient changes, the ways that people define their social roles and relate to one another are shown to have remained largely framed by values and morals from the sphere of kinship. Kinship therefore actually continues to constitute a distinctive feature of the local political-economic structure, countering an often-seen formula assuming causal relations between the dramatic political-economic changes and the declining role of kinship or “traditional” values in orienting people’s life and action.

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Quintão, Ronan Torres. "The rite of passage from regular to connoisseur consumer: the role of the taste transformation ritual in the specialty coffee context." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13614.

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Submitted by Ronan Torres Quintão (rtquintao@gmail.com) on 2015-04-01T21:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Ritual v.24 entregue secretaria CMCD.pdf: 9377234 bytes, checksum: 547226fde411215191d5cc0181cf9393 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2015-04-07T13:28:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Ritual v.24 entregue secretaria CMCD.pdf: 9377234 bytes, checksum: 547226fde411215191d5cc0181cf9393 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-07T13:28:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertation Ritual v.24 entregue secretaria CMCD.pdf: 9377234 bytes, checksum: 547226fde411215191d5cc0181cf9393 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-05 Although the consumer culture field has addressed the role ritual plays in consumption, defining and describing this construct and explaining its dimensions, cultural meanings, elements, components, and practices, as well as revealing the differentiation in consumer practices, no research has yet identified how consumers, through ritual practices, establish and manipulate their own differentiation from other consumers during their rite of passage from one cultural category of person to another. Drawing on key concepts from ritual theory, my research addresses the role played by ritual in connoisseurship consumption. Conducting an ethnographic study on connoisseurship in specialty coffee consumption, I immersed myself in the field, visiting and observing consumers in high-end independent coffee shops in North America—Toronto, Montreal, Seattle, and New York—from August 2013 to July 2014. I also immersed myself in the Brazilian specialty coffee field, in Belo Horizonte and São Paulo, from August 2014 to January 2015, to compare and contrast the specialty coffee consumption cultures of Brazil, the United States, and Canada. I used long interviews, participant observation, netnography, introspection, and historical newspaper analysis to collect the data, which was then interepreted using a hermeneutic approach, comparing consumers’ stages in their connoisseurship rites of passage. To extend my understanding of connoisseurship consumption, I also collected data from the wine consumption context. In this dissertation, I introduce the idea of the taste transformation ritual, theorizing the process as a connoisseurship rite of passage, which converts regular consumers into connoisseur consumers. My research reveals that connoisseur consumers are amateurs in different stages of the connoisseurship rite of passage. They transform themselves by establishing and reinforcing the oppositions between mass and connoisseurship consumption. The taste transformation ritual involves the following elements: (1) variation in the choices of high-quality products, (2) the place to perform the tasting, (3) the moment of tasting, (4) the tasting act, (5) time and money investment, (6) increased subcultural and social capital, and (7) perseverance on the rite of passage. Connoisseur consumers participate in the connoisseurship consumption community. This heterogeneous community is composed of outstanding professionals, connoisseurs, and regular consumers. The forces that drive the community, as identified in this study, are the production of subcultural and social capital, emulation of professional and ritual consumption practices, enactment tensions between the community members, commercial friendship, and status games. I develop a broader theoretical account that builds on and extends a number of concepts regarding ritual consumption, taste, heterogeneous community, and connoisseur consumers. Apesar de o campo da cultura de consumo ter abordado o papel do ritual no consumo, definindo e descrevendo este constructo e explicando suas dimensões, significados culturais, elementos, componentes e práticas, assim como revelando a diferenciação nas práticas dos consumidores, nenhuma pesquisa ainda identificou como os consumidores, por meio de práticas de ritual, estabelecem e manipulam suas próprias diferenciações em relação a outros consumidores durante o rito de passagem deles de uma categoria cultural de pessoa para outra. Tendo como base conceitos-chaves da teoria sobre ritual, minha pesquisa aborda o papel do ritual no consume de apreciação. Conduzindo um estudo etnográfico sobre consumo de apreciação de cafés especiais, eu realizei uma imersão no campo, visitando e observando consumidores em cafeterias independentes de destaque na América do Norte – Toronto, Montreal, Seattle e Nova York – de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2014. Eu também realizei uma imersão no contexto de cafés especiais no Brasil em Belo Horizonte e São Paulo, de agosto de 2014 a janeiro de 2015, para comparar e contrastar as culturas de consume de cafés especiais de Brasil, Estados Unidos e Canadá. Eu usei entrevistas longas, observação participante, netnografia, introspecção e análise histórica de artigos de jornais para coletar os dados, que foram interpretados utilizando a abordagem hermenêutica, comparando os consumidores em diferentes estágios durante o rito de passagem de apreciação. Para estender meu entendimento sobre o consumo de apreciação, eu também coletei dados sobre o contexto de consumo de vinho. Nesta tese, eu introduzo a ideia de ritual de transformação do gosto, teorizando sobre o processo do rito de passagem de apreciação, que converte consumidores regulares em consumidores apreciadores. Minha pesquisa revela que consumidores apreciadores são amadores em diferentes estágios do rito de passagem de apreciação. Eles se transformam pelo estabelecimento e reforço de oposições entre o consume de massa e de apreciação. O ritual de transformação do gosto envolve os seguintes elementos: (1) variação nas escolhas de produtos de alta qualidade, (2) o lugar para realizar a degustação, (3) o momento da degustação, (4) o ato de degustar, (5) investimento de tempo e dinheiro, (6) aumento do capital subcultural e social, (7) perseverança no rito de passagem. Os consumidores apreciadores participam da comunidade de consumo de apreciação. Essa comunidade heterogênea é composta por profissionais excelentes, apreciadores e consumidores regulares. As forças que direcionam a comunidade, de acordo com o que foi identificado no estudo, são a produção de capital social e subcultural, emulação do profissional e das práticas de ritual de consumo, tensões de performance entre os membros da comunidade, amizade comercial e jogo de status. Eu desenvolvo uma ampla consideração teórica que desenvolve e estende um número de conceitos em relação a ritual e consumo, gosto, comunidade heterogênea e consumidores apreciadores.

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Arisi, Bárbara Maisonnave. "A dádiva, a sovinice e a beleza." Florianópolis, SC, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/94848.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia Social Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-25T16:58:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 300050.pdf: 12189073 bytes, checksum: c04056b9cc7cefa84cc1dac17c390a36 (MD5) Essa tese trata sobre a economia da cultura dos Matis, um povo indígena amazônico, sua circulação de conhecimentos com o exterior e suas relações com estrangeiros de diferentes matizes. Alguns desses estrangeiros são nëix (animais); outros, tsussin (forças vitais, seres ou potências desencorporadas); outros, nawa (povos indígenas vizinhos, brasileiros ou gringos). Dentre esses últimos, relações econômicas se dão especialmente com jornalistas/ documentaristas, turistas e pesquisadores. Transações diversas são etnografadas em ritos, mitos, práticas xamânicas, filmagens, programas turísticos, comércio de objetos e em outras relações cosmopolitanas. Um ponto fundamental estudado é a afirmação dos Matis de que querem ser um povo numeroso, ser um povo grande. A economia de pessoas está entretecida com as economias da cultura. Os Matis querem desses povos estrangeiros (animais, tsussin, gringos) tecnologias (num sentido amplo) para conseguir crescer, ter corpos mais duros e fortes, serem mais e mais poderosos, mais belos. Os estrangeiros aparecem como os principais outros de quem se quer adquirir poder, tecnologias, estéticas e através de quem se pode expandir pelo cosmos. A tese trata de temas clássicos da etnologia amazônica como economia de pessoas (corpos), com foco em sovinices e circulações de conhecimentos e coisas (transações, aquisições ou roubos de mitos, cantos, poderes xamânicos, farmacopéia, pedaços de corpos, motores e outros bens). Trato de economia, portanto, em uma compreensão generosa, qualquer definição clássica etimológica de #economia# como cuidado, manejo ou organização da casa (do grego "oikos" e "nomia") será alargada aqui This thesis is about the economy of culture of the Matis - an Amazonian indigenous people, its circulation of knowledge with the outside and its relations with different foreigners. Some of those foreigners are nëix (animals); some, tsussin (vital forces, desincorporated beings or potencies); others are nawa neighbouring indigenous peoples, Brazilians and gringos. Among these last ones, economic relations take place specially with journalists/film makers, tourists and researchers. Several transactions are ethnographed in rites, myths, shamanic practices, filming, touristic programs, objects# trading and in other cosmopolitan relations. A fundamental point of the present study is the Matis# affirmation that they want to be a numerous people, to be bigger. The economy of people is interwoven with the economy of culture. The Matis want from these foreign peoples (animals, tsussin, gringos) technologies (in a broad sense) so that they can grow, to have bodies that are harder and stronger, to be more and more powerful, more beautiful. The foreigners appear as the #special others# from whom to acquire power, technologies, aesthetics and through whom it is possible to expand throughout the cosmos. The thesis treats classic themes in Amazonian ethnology such as economy of people (bodies), with focus in the stinginess and the circulation of knowledge and things (transactions, acquisitions or robberies of myths, songs, shamanic powers, pharmacopoeia, body parts, engines and other stuff). So, I treat economy in a generous comprehension, any classic etymologic definition of #economy# as care, management or organization of the house (from the greek "oikos" and "nomia") will be broaden here

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Wishart, Hannah. "The Economic Impact of Natural Disasters on Food Security and SNAP Benefits." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1492706056382996.

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Ehrig, Rita [Verfasser], Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Behrendt, and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Haas. "Analysis of environmental and economic aspects of international pellet supply chains / Rita Ehrig. Gutachter: Frank Behrendt ; Reinhard Haas. Betreuer: Frank Behrendt." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1067385681/34.

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Costa, Júnior Hélio Lemes. "Análise da rede de relacionamentos em sistemas locais de inovação : a experiência de Santa Rita do Sapucaí MG." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3400.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:50:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4476.pdf: 2553260 bytes, checksum: 886a3551d7f7958e7865b63da7cd1621 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-27 This work focuses on the development and support of clusters of firms in a local productive arrangement, analyzing the relevance of innovation, the innovation system that companies form, along with educational institutions and support agencies, analyze business interactions between the firms and their interactions with the education institutions and support agencies, from the point of view of skilled labor employment, relations among the components of the system for training, knowledge acquisition and research and development. Beginning with the case study of the Valley of Electronics, technological pole located in Santa Rita do Sapucaí, a small town in Minas Gerais - Brazil, it was possible to conclude that, even with little commercial trade among the actors of the local productive arrangement, there is information exchange between educational institutions and businesses and there are subjective aspects that justify the continued development and maintenance of the pole for almost four decades. A pesquisa enfoca o desenvolvimento e a sustentação de aglomerações de empresas em um arranjo produtivo local, através da análise da relevância da inovação, do sistema de inovação que as empresas formam, junto às instituições de ensino e de apoio institucional, analisa as interações comerciais entre as empresas e as interações delas para com as instituições de ensino e apoio, sob o ponto de vista do emprego da mão de obra especializada, das relações entre os componentes do sistema para o treinamento, a aquisição de conhecimento e para a pesquisa e desenvolvimento. A partir do estudo do caso do Vale da Eletrônica, polo tecnológico do município de Santa Rita do Sapucaí, no interior de Minas Gerais Brasil, é possível depreender que, mesmo não havendo intercâmbio comercial entre os atores do arranjo produtivo local, há troca de informações entre as instituições de ensino e as empresas e há aspectos subjetivos, que justificam o contínuo desenvolvimento e sustentação do polo, por quase quatro décadas.

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Angé, Olivia. "Dar un buen cambio: ethnographie des foires de troc dans les Andes argentines." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210074.

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Après avoir présenté les prestations qui composent les foires de troc dans les Andes argentines en mobilisant les concepts de l'anthropologie économique (le don et l'échange éventuellement monétaire, marchand ou lucratif), je me tourne vers l'anthropologie religieuse, et précisément le concept de ritualisation, pour saisir les spécificités de ces transactions extraordinaires. Dans une optique comparative, j'examine les foires organisées par les institutions locales de développement à la lumière de ce même cadre d'analyse. Doctorat en sciences sociales, Orientation anthropologie info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Sofield, Clifford M. "Placed deposits in early and middle Anglo-Saxon rural settlements." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b878e1cd-21a3-449a-8a18-d1ad8d728a26.

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Placed deposits have received increasing attention over the past 30 years, particularly in prehistoric British archaeology. Although disagreement still exists over the definition, identification, and interpretation of placed deposits, significant advances have been made in theoretical and methodological approaches to placed deposits, as researchers have gradually moved away from relatively crude ‘ritual’ interpretations toward more nuanced considerations of how placed deposits may have related to daily lives, social networks, and settlement structure, as well as worldview. With the exception of comments on specific deposits and a recent preliminary survey, however, Anglo-Saxon placed deposits have remained largely unstudied. This thesis represents the first systematic attempt to identify, characterize, analyse and interpret placed deposits in early to middle Anglo-Saxon settlements (5th–9th centuries). It begins by disentangling the various definitions of ‘placed’, ‘structured’, and ‘special’ deposits and their associated assumptions. Using formation process theory as a basis, it develops a definition of placed deposits as material that has been specially selected, treated, and/or arranged, in contrast with material from similar or surrounding contexts. This definition was applied to develop contextually specific criteria for identifying placed deposits in Anglo-Saxon settlements. Examination of 141 settlements identified a total of 151 placed deposits from 67 settlements. These placed deposits were characterized and analysed for patterns in terms of material composition, context type, location within the settlement, and timing of deposition relative to the use-life of their contexts. Broader geographical and chronological trends have also been considered. In discussing these patterns, anthropological theories of action, agency, practice, and ritualization have been employed in order to begin to understand the roles placed deposits may have had in structuring space and time and expressing social identities in Anglo-Saxon settlements, and to consider how placed deposition may have articulated with Anglo-Saxon worldview and belief systems.

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Mullins, Daniel Austin. "The evolution of literacy : a cross-cultural account of literacy's emergence, spread, and relationship with human cooperation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:98d1f155-c96d-4ba0-ac36-c610d3d7454c.

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Social theorists have long argued that literacy is one of the principal causes and hallmark features of complex society. However, the relationship between literacy and social complexity remains poorly understood because the relevant data have not been assembled in a way that would allow competing hypotheses to be adjudicated. The project set out in this thesis provides a novel account of the multiple origins of literate behaviour around the globe, the principal mechanisms of its cultural transmission, and its relationship with the cultural evolution of large-group human cooperation and complex forms of socio-political organisation. A multi-method large-scale cross-cultural approach provided the data necessary to achieve these objectives. Evidence from the societies within which literate behaviour first emerged, and from a representative sample of ethnographically-attested societies worldwide (n=74), indicates that literate behaviour emerged through the routinization of rituals and pre-literate sign systems, eventually spreading more widely through classical religions. Cross-cultural evidence also suggests that literacy assumed a wide variety of forms and socio-political functions, particularly in large, complex groups, extending evolved psychological mechanisms for cooperation, which include reciprocity, reputation formation and maintenance systems, social norms and norm enforcement systems, and group identification. Finally, the results of a cross-cultural historical survey of first-generation states (n=10) reveal that simple models assuming single cause-and-effect relationships between literacy and complex forms of socio-political organisation must be rejected. Instead, literacy and first-generation state-level polities appear to have interacted in a complex positive feedback loop. This thesis contributes to the wider goal of transforming social and cultural anthropology into a cumulative and rapid-discovery science.

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Doohan, Kim Elizabeth. ""Making things come good" Aborigines and miners at Argyle /." Doctoral thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/145.

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Thesis (PhD) -- Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Human Geography, 2007. "November 2006". Bibliography: p. 352-398. Mode of access: World Wide Web. xvi, 399 p. ill., maps

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Kasese, Otung-Abienda Jean-Denis. "Contribution à une analyse de la sacralisation du pouvoir moderne et ses conséquences: le cas de Joseph-Désiré Mobutu." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210248.

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La réflexion est une Contribution à une analyse de la Sacralisation du pouvoir « moderne » et de ses conséquences :le cas Joseph-Désiré Mobutu. Ses motivations sont: l’ambiguïté de ce concept et, la résurgence des formes autoritaires de gouverner en Afrique noire. Cette étude tente de démontrer que la Sacralisation du pouvoir de Mobutu fut un frein au bon fonctionnement des sphères de la vie nationale. Sa première démarche a consisté à clarifier ce concept en le redéfinissant. Pour ce faire, l’étude s’est basée sur une approche holistique,pluridisciplaine, centrée sur 5 disciplines (Anthropologie politique, Droit Constitutionnel, Sociologie, Psychologie-Psychanalyse et Science politique). L’étude a opté comme point d’entrée :les supports de cette sacralisation du pouvoir de Mobutu et ses conséquences, axés sur les manifestations festives nationales ou autres événements importants. Elle a utilisé plusieurs techniques de collectes de données :les entretiens semi-directifs; la littérature secondaire; les journaux et revues; les films et documentaires; afin de répondre à 4 hypothèses de départ. L’analyse de ces données a reposé sur six niveaux. Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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MacRae, Graeme S. "Economy, ritual and history in a Balinese tourist town." 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9916074.

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This work began in reflection upon the form of tourism in Ubud: in which rapid economic change and profound cultural conservatism appear combined in unlikely symbiotic relationship. It became, in the field, a set of parallel enquiries into tourism, economics, politics, ritual, spatial organisation and history linking Ubud with wider local, regional and global processes. My provisional argument goes something like this. The economic development associated with tourism has resulted in Ubud not in a wholesale replacement of the forms of traditional culture with those of international capitalist culture but instead with conservation, development and intensification of aspects of traditional culture. Tourism is in fact built upon the marketing of an image of traditional culture consisting primarily of the performing and plastic arts and an aesthetic of village life combining agricultural production and ritual activity. In practice tourism has transformed the economic foundations of this way of life from dependence upon agricultural production to dependence upon a whole new sector providing goods and services to tourists. This transformation has had varied effects upon the components of the marketing image. One the one hand it has made possible profitable commoditisation of traditional arts but on the other it has marginalised the agricultural sector in a number of ways. The relationship between tourism and ritual activity is less direct. While people have resisted direct commodification of ritual, they recognise its role as a tourist attraction. Ritual practices and the temples in which they take place have however been the subject of massive redevelopment. While the forms of these are traditional, their content is linked to tourism in more complex ways. This process has not been ad-hoc but has been the subject of de-facto management by various parties including the traditional aristocracy, foreign expatriates, government and an emerging middle class. This management has been enabled and limited by access of the various parties to key resources including English language, land, cultural knowledge, investment capital and government contacts. This thesis does not report on all of this but represents in effect a report upon work in progress, providing a broad overview and the first stage of what is now seen as an ongoing research project. It is presented as a series of linked sections designed to be read at three levels: 1. as stand-alone contributions to various sub-fields of Bali studies, 2. as a set of relationships between these sections which contribute to the argument outlined above and 3. as the outline of a larger research project linking Ubud into processes of wider geographical compass and historical depth. It begins with description of contemporary Ubud, the transformation of its economy and a brief history of tourism. The relationship between ritual and economy is discussed both in general terms and ethnographic detail to provide insight into the context of cultural ideas in which tourist development has taken place. The spatial organisation of ritual reveals patterns of cultural order and political influence requiring historical analysis which in turn focuses attention on the role of the traditional aristocracy and changing patterns of control over land and labour as key factors in understanding the contemporary situation. Keywords: anthropology, Bali, economy, history, Indonesia, ritual, tourism

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Jahroni, Jajang. "The political economy of knowledge: Salafism in post Soeharto urban Indonesia." Thesis, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/14005.

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This dissertation examines the production and reproduction of knowledge among Salafi groups in post-Soeharto Indonesia. It specifically discusses the issues of how Salafi groups produce the knowledge they claim to be based on the authentic form of Islam in the context of social, political, and economic change. Salafis advocate the need for a return to the authoritative religious sources: the Holy Qur’an, the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad, and the Salafi manhaj (methods and paths of Salafi teachings). Without the last element, Salafis claim, the proper understanding and practice of Islamic teachings are impossible. The research was carried out in three major sites: Jakarta, Yogyakarta, and Makassar, where significant numbers of Salafis are found. Ethnographic fieldwork, conducted from January to June 2011, and from July 2012 to February 2013, focused on the individual roles, organizational networks, and historical and sociological processes which shaped the reproduction of Salafi knowledge. To create an ideal community based on the Salafist understanding of Islamic ethics, many Salafis create separate enclaves where they erect madrasa and mosques, two strategic institutions fundamental for their development. Claiming to be based on the authority of the Prophet, Salafis develop a medicine and market it to other Muslim groups. Most Salafis engage in endogamous marriage to maintain the groups’ solidity. The roles of women within Salafi groups are highly circumscribed. While having careers is possible, women are expected to stay at home and take care of their families. Salafis represent only a tiny minority of Indonesian Muslims, and they compete with a diverse admixture of Muslim groups, which challenge Salafi interpretations of Islamic knowledge. The political aspects of Salafism are visible in a number of matters of religious knowledge and practice. Salafis use the issues of religious purification as a political tool to maintain their identities and to attack other Muslim groups. Heated debates between Salafis and traditionalist, and to a lesser degree, reformist Muslims, which sometimes lead to violent conflicts, are inevitable. While creating sharp social and religious divisions, debates also result in an exchange of ideas among Muslim groups, heightening the diversity of Salafist forms of knowledge and practice.

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Callaghan, Michael George. "Technologies of power ritual economy and ceramic production in the Terminal Preclassic period Holmul region, Guatemala /." Diss., 2008. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-11072008-091202/.

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Kaflińska, Marta. "Społeczno-rytualny i gospodarczy kontekst depozytów neolitycznych w Europie Środkowej." Praca doktorska, 2011. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/53658.

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Dussol, Lydie. "Feux et forêts mayas.Usages et gestion des combustibles ligneux dans les Basses Terres centrales mayas à la période Classique : le cas du site de Naachtun, Petén, Guatemala : approche anthracologique." Thesis, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H072.

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L’essor et le développement des sociétés mayas anciennes dans un environnement forestier tropical, longtemps réputé hostile, ont soulevé de nombreuses questions, pour la plupart restées sans réponse par manque de données empiriques. Les modèles relatifs à l'exploitation des forêts, à l’impact anthropique sur le milieu et aux stratégies d’adaptation aux changements environnementaux au cours des trois millénaires d'occupation maya, bien que fondés sur des données palynologiques et sédimentologiques, n'ont que rarement été validés par des données archéologiques ou archéobotaniques. En particulier, il n’existe que très peu d'études sur l’économie des bois de feu dans les sociétés mayas préhispaniques, alors que le bois, en tant que ressource de base, constitue assurément un important marqueur écologique et économique dans l’étude des sociétés préindustrielles. Notre projet doctoral avait donc pour objectif principal de reconstituer, par le biais d'une étude anthracologique systématique et diachronique, les stratégies d'acquisition et les usages des bois de feu sur un site maya, afin d'analyser l'impact réciproque entre les activités humaines et les changements du couvert ligneux local sur toute la durée de son occupation. Cette recherche a été menée sur le site de Naachtun, cité de la période classique (250-950 apr. J.-C.) situé à l'extrême nord du Guatemala. Son développement sur huit siècles (≈150-950/1000 apr. J.-C.), les dynamiques de population non linéaires qu'on y observe, ainsi que sa résilience face à la crise du Classique terminal, faisaient tout l'intérêt de Naachtun pour étudier les interactions entre les anciens Mayas et les forêts sur le temps long. Ce travail a nécessité au préalable la compilation d'une collection anatomique de référence des bois des Basses Terres centrales, qui compte aujourd'hui 231 taxons appartenant à 52 familles, matériels physiques et numériques compris. Deux autres thématiques de recherche ont été développées dans ce projet. La première traite de l'impact des processus taphonomiques sur la préservation des charbons archéologiques dans les sites mayas, à travers une étude expérimentale de la combustion de cinq essences de la forêt maya. La seconde a porté sur l'usage du feu et des cendres dans les pratiques rituelles des anciens Mayas. Les dépôts de cendres et de charbons résultant d'actions rituelles y sont examinés selon une approche spatiale de façon à restituer les gestes humains responsables de leur formation. À travers ces trois axes de recherches interdépendants, on démontre l'apport de l'anthracologie dans l'étude des dynamiques socio-environnementales et des comportements humains dans les Basses Terres mayas The rise and development of ancient Maya societies in the tropical forests of the Maya Lowlands, a demanding environment, have raised important questions, most of which remain unanswered due to a lack of empirical data. Models describing Maya forest exploitation, landscapes impact and adaptation to environmental changes over three millennia of occupation mostly rely on palynological and sedimentological data. Archaeological or archaeobotanical data has conversely very rarely been used to test these models. Specifically, no attempt has been made to reconstruct systematically the global wood economy of ancient Maya cities. Wood was an indispensable resource for the Maya, as for all pre-industrial societies, and thus constitutes a key economic and ecological indicator for understanding socio-environmental interactions over time. This doctoral study therefore aims to conduct a systematic and diachronic anthracological study at a Maya site, in order to reconstruct domestic firewood collection strategies and analyze cross relations between human activities and woodland changes throughout the whole length of the occupation. This research has been carried out at the site of Naachtun, a Classic period city (AD 250-950) located in northern Petén, Guatemala. The development of the city over eight centuries≈ ( AD 150 -950/1000), with non-linear population dynamics, and its resilience during the Terminal Classic crisis, made the site of Naachtun a relevant candidate for the study of the interactions between the ancient Maya and the forest on a long-term scale. This required beforehand the compilation of a wood reference collection for the Central Maya Lowlands, which now comprises 231 taxa belonging to 52 families, physical and numerical materials included. Two other lines of research have been developed in this project. The first focuses on the impact of taphonomic processes on the preservation of archaeological charcoal at Maya sites, by means of an experimental study of the combustion of five tree species of the Maya forest. The second one deals with the use of fire and ashes in the ritual practices of the ancient Maya. Ash and charcoal deposits resulting from ritual actions are examined through a spatial approach in order to reconstitute the human gestures that are responsible for their formation. These three interdependent lines of research allow us to demonstrate the usefulness of anthracology in the study of the socio-environmental dynamics and human behaviors in the Maya Lowlands

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O'Connor, Amber Marie. "Food and identity politics : changes in religion, community, economy and nutrition in a Maya village." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2010-05-788.

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This paper addresses an interesting point of intersection between groups of Maya adhering to the traditional syncretic Maya religion and those who have more recently become Protestants, focusing on the change from farming to wage labor and the rise of the individual. This change is the first conversion that may well be “conquering” the native belief systems of this area known for its participation in the Caste War and its legacy of resistance. With this conversion come not only changes in the monetary system but a complete makeover of the religious symbolism of duality, reciprocity and regeneration. With the mandate from Protestant conversionists, the milpa and its associated rituals are being lost, resulting in a potential nutritional deficit for the rural members of its congregation. I will use data from discourse and food to address these changes using references to ethnohistory as compared to ethnography and ongoing fieldwork. text

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"Sacramental ritual and pastoral care in economic crisis: The study of a young adult group in a Korean immigrant church." GARRETT-EVANGELICAL THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3356208.

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Lopes, Alexandra Vieira. "Discretamente verde: o caso pedagógico da Rituals." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/21429.

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RSE tem vindo a assumir especial relevância nos últimos anos, em parte devido à influência positiva que representa na reputação e imagem da marca aos seus clientes. A regulamentação do governo, a legislação e a pressão dos "stakeholders" em responsabilizar as empresas por questões sociais e ambientais, exige cada vez mais às empresas que adotem práticas e políticas sustentáveis e que se tornem socialmente responsáveis, destacando os riscos financeiros potencialmente grandes para qualquer empresa cuja conduta seja considerada inaceitável (McWilliams e Siegel, 2000). A empresa Rituals passou por esta pressão, ao ser considerada em 2014 por várias revistas e websites uma empresa a ignorar, devido à sua fraca preocupação com o meio ambiente. Face a estas críticas, a empresa transformou o seu modelo de negócio e colocou as questões ambientais no cerne das suas atividades. Assim, num contexto de cada vez maiores preocupações ambientais e sociais, é importante analisar exemplos de como as empresas implementam tais práticas em busca de um caminho mais sustentável. Através da exploração dos conceitos RSE, sustentabilidade e criação de valor no contexto da Rituals, podemos analisar as práticas adotadas pela organização num contexto pedagógico, de forma, a consolidar os conhecimentos teóricos na aplicação num caso prático real. Numa indústria em que se levantam tantas questões ambientais, este caso de estudo relembra os papéis fundamentais que os produtos cosméticos e esta indústria desempenham na sociedade atual, podendo também servir de exemplo para profissionais de outras empresas cosméticas como exemplo de boas práticas a seguir. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been relevant in recent years, in part due to the remarkable influence it has on the reputation of the brand to its clients. Government’s regulation, legislation and stakeholder pressures to make companies responsible for social and environmental issues increasingly requiring companies to adopt sustainable practices and policies and to become socially responsible, highlighting the potentially large financial risks for any company whose conduct is deemed unacceptable (McWilliams and Siegel, 2000). Rituals Cosmetics has experienced this pressure in 2014, being considered by several magazines and websites, a company to be ignored due to its low concern for the environment. Faced with these criticisms, the company has transformed its business model and put environmental issues at the core of its activities. In this manner and in a background of increasing environmental and social concerns, it is important to analyze examples of how companies implement such practices in search of a more sustainable path. Exploring the concepts of social responsibility, sustainability and the creation of shared value in the context of Rituals, we can analyze the practices adopted by the organization in a pedagogical context, in order to consolidate the theoretical knowledge in the application in a real practical case. In an industry in which so many environmental questions are raised, this case study reminds the fundamental roles that cosmetic products and this industry play in the current society and can also serve as an example to professionals of other cosmetic companies as good practices to follow.

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Manci, Thembayona Paulus Emmanuel. "The response of African religion to poverty, with specific reference to the Umzimkhulu Municipality." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/580.

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"The Response of African Religion to Poverty with specific reference to the Umzimkhulu Municipality" is a particular effort of the wider world that researches the ways and means for combating the scourge of poverty in society aiming at securing a better future for the future generations. In as much as African traditional religion is part of the culture, tradition and custom of its tenants, and as such aims at the wellbeing of its tenants, it is able to offer a response to poverty. It teaches about the importance of the values of community, meaningful and life-affirming relationships and the value of ubuntu. All these clamour for extended sharing and extended participation which are essential if society will continue to exist. African traditional religion maintains an ethic that says: `Real poverty results from the blockage of the vital links'. Celebrating economic achievements in food must be preceded by the celebration of people. `Batho pele': is the contemporary Democratic South Africa's slogan that suggests putting people in the center of life. It does not only call us to serve the poor, but also to allow them to champion the courses of the kind of service they desire. African traditional religion teaches that, together with the other institutions that govern the lives of people, religion and politics should have among other things a concern about production and distribution of the resources, hence the claim: `Food is also politics'. In their dealing with the problem of poverty, religion, politics and other social institutions ought to dedicate a special place to instilling positive attitudes towards the concept of work among their tenants. In this way the slogan `Batho pele' or people first, does not merely mean waiting to be served, but it also means that every body to the best of their ability ought to be doing something towards the production of the items of service. The inclusiveness of African religion in terms of what it calls `community' cautions society about the importance of the other beings in its consideration of poverty alleviation. Our economic wellbeing depends mostly on our attitude towards the other non-personal neighbours, prominent among which is our common abode, the earth, the land. Religious Studies & Arabic D.Th. (Religious Studies)

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Spenard, Jon. "The gift in the cave for the gift of the world an economic approach to Ancient Maya cave ritual in the San Francisco Hill-Caves, Cancuen Region, Guatemala /." 2006. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11132006-062817.

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Thesis M.A.)--Florida State University, 2006. Advisor: Mary Pohl, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Anthropology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 22, 2007). Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 232 pages. Includes bibliographical references.

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Yi, Chung-Ying, and 宜崇穎. "Research on the impact of the rights and interests of local festival brands and the regional marketing on local economic benefits - The case of The Neimen Songjiang Battle Ritual in Kaohsiung." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36ufup.

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碩士 樹德科技大學 經營管理研究所 106 Local religious festivals in Taiwan are frequent,and it has created a local cultural economic benefit that cannot be ignored. Therefore, this study mainly discusses the impact of the rights and interests of local festival brands and the regional marketing on local economic benefit. The Neimen Song Jiang Battle Ritual in Kaohsiung which was once selected as one of the twelve major local festivals by Tourism Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications is the research. This study is based on the theory of brand equity by Aaker (1991) and the theory of regional marketing by Kotler (1993) to form brand equity and local marketing of Neimen Song Jiang Battle Ritual, and explore the impact on local economic development. This study uses questionnaire survey method and SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for statistical analysis. The study results verified that brand equity of Neimen Song Jiang Battle Ritual and its marketing method have obvious effect on the local economic benefits.

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Kanni, Balasubramanian. "A descriptive visual analysis of the survival of Tamil arranged marriage rituals and the impact of commercialism." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22075.

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This research A Descriptive Visual Analysis of the Survival of Tamil Arranged Marriage Rituals and the Impact of Commercialism is a critical analysis of ritual performances as a key component of Tamil wedding ceremonies. These rituals are performed before, during, and after the wedding and are interrogated throughout in this dissertation. This research explored and attempted to identify the significance of ritual performances in Tamil people’s marriages of southern India. Through the documentation and unpacking of traditional Hindu wedding celebrations, this study examined how these ancient rituals have been influenced by the modern world. It explored how cultural beliefs are negatively impacted through the commercialisation of wedding ceremonies and how they justify the maintenance of ritual practice. Symbolic activities and ritual performances are studied and discussed throughout this study by observing various Tamil wedding ceremonies and conclusions are drawn through conversations with couples and parents who have participated in such events. The dissertation further explores the ways in which these rituals are ultimately reflected and represented in artistic practice, inspired by the works of various artists who engage with their mediums in a ritualistic manner. Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology M.VA (Art, History, Visual Arts and Musicology)

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Moraes, Cátia Sofia da Silva. "Are consumers wiling to adhere to companies’ environmentally friendly packaging? : case study on Rituals and Lush Refill vs Naked Package." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/25520.

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Rituals and Lush are two cosmetic companies that have went beyond just addressing pollution to create a strategy of environmental sustainability thru their packaging or lack of it. Rituals created a refill packaging for all its body and face moisturizers, and in the other hand Lush removed 35% of the packaging of their products. This thesis provides a closer look at these two companies and their environmental initiatives regarding packaging, as well as the consumers behaviour and its effectiveness and see how this could influence their willingness to pay more for environmentally friendly products. In order to understand if Rituals and Lush initiatives are aligned with consumers. The analysis is based on the literature, mystery clients, focus groups and survey. The main results showed that both brands’ packaging concepts are welcome by the consumers, and that if the issues mentioned in this thesis are addressed, they can become an example for the rest of the market. As it was seen that besides consumers’ wiliness to have environmental behaviours when questioned about the prices the same openness was not shown. Rituals e a Lush são duas empresas de cosméticos que procuraram ir além de abordar a poluição para criar uma estratégia de sustentabilidade ambiental através das suas embalagens ou a falta delas. A Rituals desenvolveu uma embalagem de recarga para todos os hidratantes corporais e faciais, e a Lush, por outro lado, retirou 35% das embalagens dos seus produtos. Esta tese fornece um olhar mais atento a estas duas empresas e às suas iniciativas ambientais em relação às embalagens, bem como ao comportamento dos consumidores, à sua eficácia e como esta pode influenciar a disposição de pagar mais por produtos amigos do ambiente. Isto irá ajudar a entender se as iniciativas Rituals e Lush estão alinhadas com os consumidores. A análise é baseada na literatura, clientes mistério, grupos de foco e um questionário. Os resultados mostraram que os conceitos referidos são bem-recebidos pelos consumidores, e que se as preocupações mencionadas nesta tese forem abordadas, estas empresas podem se tornar num exemplo para o resto do mercado. Também foi visto que apesar de existirem comportamentos ambientalmente amigáveis por parte dos consumidores, estes quando questionados sobre os preços não mostraram grande abertura.

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Kayuni, Hachintu Joseph. "Investigating the prevalence of Satanism in Zambia with particular reference to the Kabwe district." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11978.

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This study examined the alleged prevalence of Satanism in Zambia, with a particular reference to the Kabwe District during the period 2010-2013. The overall objective was to ascertain the claims and speculations on the alleged prevalence of Satanism in the district of Kabwe. The claims about the alleged prevalence of Satanism and the satanic scare were found by this study to be a reality in Kabwe, with eighty-eight per cent (88%) of the respondents acknowledging the alleged prevalence of the phenomenon. People’s knowledge of Satanism was mainly through rumours, messages from Churches and the electronic media. Studies on rumours (by Stephen Ellis, Gerrie Ter Haar and Jeffrey Victor) have shown that rumours can be investigated in the search for facts, especially rumours that offer plausible explanations for people’s shared anxieties. The above mentioned scholars argue that with efforts at corroboration, such as by interviewing key informants, the researcher can seek credibility on prevailing rumours by verifying or dismissing mere rumours from true stories. The assertions from scholars above justified the use of rumours as a methodological tool in this study. From sources of information the study relied on, claims about the alleged prevalence of Satanism in the district were investigated. The study refuted the satanic claims in a number of cases that were analysed, because they were mostly based on ‘pious legends’ hence lacked objective evidence. From the few incidents that suggested the prevalence of Satanism, there were still two basic problems faced in assessing their credibility: the first being the difficulty in determining the reliability of the confessions from informants who in this case either claimed they were ex-Satanists or served on behalf of Satanists. The second problem consisted in what seemed to be the inconsistency in the explanations of motives behind human killings found in the ritual murders. Some explanations did not suggest satanic motives. One example of refuted claims concerned the two locations within Kabwe district which were highly rumoured to be sites for Satanists, which were found by this study to be Freemasonry Lodges, contrary to what was rumoured.From the findings of this study, it was believed that people joined Satanism either because of the greedy for riches or to avoid poverty. It was also believed that other peoples joined Satanism unconsciously through luring methods used by Satanists. The study also found the satanic scare to have effects on the lives of people in the district. For example, it caused some people to become more committed Christians in their defence against the alleged satanic forces. Because people had associated riches to Satanism, certain individuals avoided getting rich for fear of being labelled ‘Satanists’. Religious Studies & Arabic D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

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Francisco, Helena Maria de Matos Gregório Vicente. "A festa a Nossa Senhora dos Altos Céus e as danças tradicionais da Lousa : o valor da cultura de um povo, a força da sua identidade, coesão social e economia da cultura perante a era da globalização." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/2947.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Relações Interculturais apresentada à Universidade Aberta O grande objetivo deste trabalho, do ponto de vista antropológico, consiste em fazer chegar a um público geral o resultado de todas as investigações relacionadas com o conjunto de práticas performativas e comportamentos rituais próprios da aldeia da Lousa no distrito de Castelo Branco. Estudamos, por isso, um contexto específico, uma festa realizada todos os terceiros domingos de Maio, condição premente desde a data a que remonta uma lenda que justifica a sua realização. Neste caso específico de estudo, a vida quotidiana da Lousa apresenta-se à margem destes rituais que congregam o corpo comunitário uma vez por ano. Essa festa envolve um conjunto de práticas distintas de carácter religioso e pagão. Estes dois elementos fundem-se num só, onde o objetivo primeiro é presentear a Santa padroeira por um favor concedido em tempos áureos relacionado com a referida lenda. Todas estas práticas pautam-se por um tom profundamente religioso e ritualista pouco usual no nosso país. A tese relata a experiência prática de um grupo de cidadãos que teimam em manter viva a tradição, seguindo fielmente o que lhes foi ensinado e transmitido através do tempo, estabelecendo, assim, uma relação entre o seu padrão identitário, e a valorização da sua cultura, que passa por uma perspetiva espontânea e natural, por assim dizer, para uma perspectiva Cultural. Estudar estes rituais é perceber a comunidade na sua essência e fora dos padrões comuns, é entendê-la associada a um modo de vida mais puro que existiu e que ainda teima em subsistir. Assim, consideramos pertinente referir que a nossa preocupação passa por colocar em evidência para futura reflexão o risco de se perderem estas práticas locais, face a um pensamento dominante e homogéneo. Atravessamos, assim, uma fase profundamente materialista fazendo com que os interesses economicistas dominem todas as tendências existencialistas e todos os setores sejam, inevitavelmente, afetados por este novo modo de pensar, nomeadamente a cultura. The great object, on the anthropological point of view, of this work is aiming to reach a general audience, the result of all investigations related to the set of the performativity practices and behaviour rituals of the village of Lousa, in Beira Baixa. Therefore, it was studied a specific context, a festivity that takes place every third Sunday in May, preeminent condition since the date that goes back to a legend that justifies its implementation. In this particular study case, the daily life of Lousa presents the margin of the body rituals that congregate community once a year. This festival involves a distinct set of practices of religious and pagan character. These two elements unite into one, where the primary objective is to present the patron saint for a favor granted in the heyday relationship with the legend. All these practices pass a deeply religious and ritualistic tone unusual in our country. The thesis reports the experience of a group of citizens who insist in keeping alive the tradition, faithfully following what was taught and transmitted to them through time, thereby also establishing a relationship between their standard of identity, and appreciation of their culture, making the passage of a spontaneous and natural perspective, so to speak, for a cultural perspective. Studying these rituals is to understand the Community in its essence and out of the common patterns associated to a pure way of life that existed and still persists. So, we consider essential to mention that our concern is to take to evidence, for future consideration, the risk that these local practices are exposed in this times of unifying global thinking. The World goes through times paying significant importance to materialism, with economical interests dominating everything from the mere existence of human being, passing through human thought, to affecting culture in its more primordial object.

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42

Suttisa, Choopug. "Civil society in the Chi River, Northeast Thailand : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Social Policy and Social Work at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1550.

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The thesis 'Civil Society in the Chi River, Northeast Thailand', aims to answer the questions of what civil society means in the Northeast Thai village context, which factors make civil society proactive and how civil society is activated. Participatory action research (PAR) was carried out in two communities in the Chi River Basin to answer the inquiries. The research discusses the contexts of the Northeast Region and the two communities in the Chi River Basin. The people in this area are of the Thai-Laos ethnic group and hold particular beliefs in an amalgam of Buddhism and animism which creates cultural rituals that are different from other regions. The society is based on kinship ties. The economic situation has transformed from an agrarian society to a commercial agriculture society. Through the research process the new term of 'grounded civil society' was created. It means 'the sphere of an autonomous group of local people who actively participate in collective action to deal with their struggles and promote their common interests by mobilizing cultural and social capitals in consort with other people to productively solve their problems. Grounded civil society may include traditional forms of mutual assistance, and formal or informal social associations. It seeks to have a significant influence on public policy at any level'. The research found that grounded civil society was activated by both outside and inside factors. The outside factors included the negative effect of government development projects and the intervention of the participatory action research, which stimulated local people to engage in civil society. The inside factors activating civil society were the poor economic conditions of the villagers and the social capital existing in the communities. The social capital was built up around kinship ties and cultural capital, which generated the social values and norms of the local people. The research concluded with an analysis of the causal links between social capital and civil society claiming that social capital facilitated the creation of civil society. Further research possibilities are suggested.

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43

Hill, Cherry Ann. "Grave rites and grave rights: anthropological study of the removal of farm graves in northern peri-urban Johannesburg." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20681.

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Text in English In a diachronic and multi-sited study that extended from 2004 through 2012/2013 I deconstructed the sociocultural dynamics of relocating farm graves from the farm Zevenfontein in northern peri-urban Johannesburg. The graves at the focus of the study were some seventy-six graves removed from a northern portion of the farm in 2004 for a huge development project that commenced construction in 2010, and other graves removed in the 1980s from portions of the farm developed for residential estates in the 1990s. The study explored the people who dwelt on the farm and created the graveyards, the religious processes entailed in relocating the mortal remains of ancestors, the mortuary processes of exhuming and reburying ancestors, the disputations between and negotiating processes of landowners and grave owners, and the demands and demonstrations by farm workers and dwellers seeking redress for past human and cultural rights infringements. Although the topic of farm graves is well-referenced in land claims and sense of place discourses and is not in itself a new topic, this study provides original and in-depth information and insight on the broader picture of ancestral graves and their relocation, including the structuring of a community and its leaders and followers, it suggests answers to the question as to whether ancestral graves/graveyards can successfully and functionally be relocated. Not only are religious aspects examined in the study, but also the sociopolitical and economic dimensions of relocating graves are fully scrutinised in the context of farm workers and dwellers’ political awareness of and astuteness to the social and economic potential of farm graves and their relocation. Anthropology and Archaeology M.A. (Anthropology)

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Zigira, Christopher Amherst Byuma. "Religion, culture and gender : a study of women's search for gender equality in Swaziland." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17875.

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Although Swazi women's contribution to national development has been phenomenal, they like any other women in patriarchal societies confront an overbearing situation in which they have been regarded and treated as minors, both in the family and most spheres of public life. This has largely been due to the social construction of gender. Traditional gender-based attitudes, deeply ingrained in the people's mind set, not infrequently, have limited women's access to and control of various aspects of public life, and impinge on their rights, most especially the rights to selfdetermination and equal participation in the decision making process. Coupled with religion which influences "the deepest level of what it means to be human" (King, 1994:4) and zealous cultural conservatism, the Swazi women, with a few notable exceptions, experience an asymmetry of power due to the pervasive nature of gender. Nonetheless, the history of Swaziland bears testimony, however muted, to a legacy ofwomen's struggles to overcome gendered conditions imposed upon them either by taking full advantage of their spiritual endowment and charisma to overcome attitudinal barriers or by organising themselves into groups to work for the social transformation of their conditions and status. This study examines the Swazi women's search for gender equality. It discusses the social and cultural context of gender in Swaziland, the various moments in the Swazi women's quest for equality and its manifestations, and the push and pull effect of religion and culture. Particular attention is given to four organisations, namely Lutsango lwakaNgwane (loosely referred to as women's regiments), the Council of Swaziland Churches, the Women's Resource Centre (Umtapo waBomake) and Swaziland Action Group Against Abuse (SWAGAA). The study shows that Swazi women have, across a passage of time, adopted different strategies, including ritual, economic empowerment and creation of new knowledge through promotion of gender awareness and social advocacy either in a womanist approach that accepts women's embeddedness in Swazi culture or in the liberal feminist tradition that espouses women's individual rights. However, the study shows that the women's movement has yet to reach the critical mass level so as to influence public policy and come to terms with the deconstruction of the dominant gender ideology. Religious Studies and Arabic D. Litt. et Phil. (Religious Studies)

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Khorommbi, Ndwambi Lawrence. "Lutherans and Pentecostals in mission amongst the Vhavenda: a comparative study in missionary methods." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/636.

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The thesis of this study is that both Pentecostal and non-Pentecostal churches can grow at a time when only the Pentecostal churches have grown. The stagnation that has occurred in many ''mainline" churches.need not be allowed to increase or continue. In Venda (Northern Province) both the Lutherans and the Pentecostals have enjoyed visible growth. Chapter 1 introduces the thesis, the choice of the study area, the objectives of the study, and the typology, methodology and relevance of the study. Chapter 2 looks at the history and socio-economic backgrowtd of the Vhavenda. Chapter 3 describes traditional Vhavenda beliefs and rituals. The Vhavenda world-view is different from that of the West but closer to that of the East and the Bible. Chapter 4 concentrates on missionary Christianity in Venda and briefly discusses the missionary methods adopted by the Berlin Missionary Society. Chapter 5 discusses the coming of Pentecostalism to South Africa and Venda. Chapter 6 examines how the Lutherans and the Apostolic Faith Mission church conducted their mission during the "maturation of Apartheid'' in Venda. Major events in the collision between apartheid and the Vhavenda are highlighted. Chapter 7 discusses the unfinished work of the church in Venda. Chapter 8 examines the challenge for Christian mission in the twenty-first century. Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology D.Th (Missiology)

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Дисертації з теми "Economy of ritual"

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