Дисертації з теми "Economic crisi"
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TROMBETTA, FEDERICO. "MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE TYPE OF GOVERNMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6224.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis contributes to the literature on theoretical political economy analyzing the effects of economic crisis on the types of government. In particular, we focus on two types of government that can be seen as anomalies empirically related with the emergence of financial and economic crisis: populism and technocracy. After a critical survey of the existing literature on those topics, we develop two different game-theoretical models. The first one studies populism in the context of a standard political-agency relationship between a voter and a politician. We see how the likelihood of the emergence of a populist government is affected by parameters representing the economic conditions of a country, and we find that, in a context of economic crisis, the government is more likely to make populist decisions. The second model explains the emergence of a technocratic government (and captures some issues related to its stability) in a post-election partisan politics setting where the main players are two parties and possibly a group of technocrats. We prove that the technocratic government is more likely to emerge in a context of economic crisis, when the parliament is evenly split and the ideological distance between the two parties is big enough.
TROMBETTA, FEDERICO. "MODELLING THE EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS ON THE TYPE OF GOVERNMENT." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6224.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis contributes to the literature on theoretical political economy analyzing the effects of economic crisis on the types of government. In particular, we focus on two types of government that can be seen as anomalies empirically related with the emergence of financial and economic crisis: populism and technocracy. After a critical survey of the existing literature on those topics, we develop two different game-theoretical models. The first one studies populism in the context of a standard political-agency relationship between a voter and a politician. We see how the likelihood of the emergence of a populist government is affected by parameters representing the economic conditions of a country, and we find that, in a context of economic crisis, the government is more likely to make populist decisions. The second model explains the emergence of a technocratic government (and captures some issues related to its stability) in a post-election partisan politics setting where the main players are two parties and possibly a group of technocrats. We prove that the technocratic government is more likely to emerge in a context of economic crisis, when the parliament is evenly split and the ideological distance between the two parties is big enough.
LIONELLO, LUCA. "Trasferimenti di sovranità nell'Unione Economica e Monetaria alla luce della crisi del debito." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11372.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis aims to provide a critical analysis of the development of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in the light of the sovereign debt crisis. Since 2009 a number of measures have been progressively implemented, which have limited the autonomy of Member States in exercising their sovereign prerogatives and have granted EU institutions new powers in key policy areas. The research will investigate the ongoing transfers of sovereignty from national to European level focusing on the transformation of both the Economic and the Monetary Union. In the first chapter, it will consider the original features of the EMU, from its introduction at the intergovernmental conference of Maastricht until the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. The second chapter will focus on the creation of rescue and stabilization mechanisms put in place to save Member States from imminent default and to ensure the financial stability of the Eurozone as a whole. The third chapter will study the interventions of the European Central Bank during the crisis considering how the necessity to protect the single currency has developed its role and extended its mandate. The fourth chapter will focus on the reform of the economic governance through the fiscal discipline of Member States. The fifth chapter will take into consideration the reform of the banking governance and the establishment of the European Banking Union, which was finally introduced to stop the vicious cycle between the debt and banking crisis. By developing the thesis, the analysis will consider each reform from the point of view of its legality, effectiveness and democratic legitimacy.
LIONELLO, LUCA. "Trasferimenti di sovranità nell'Unione Economica e Monetaria alla luce della crisi del debito." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11372.
Повний текст джерелаThe thesis aims to provide a critical analysis of the development of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) in the light of the sovereign debt crisis. Since 2009 a number of measures have been progressively implemented, which have limited the autonomy of Member States in exercising their sovereign prerogatives and have granted EU institutions new powers in key policy areas. The research will investigate the ongoing transfers of sovereignty from national to European level focusing on the transformation of both the Economic and the Monetary Union. In the first chapter, it will consider the original features of the EMU, from its introduction at the intergovernmental conference of Maastricht until the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. The second chapter will focus on the creation of rescue and stabilization mechanisms put in place to save Member States from imminent default and to ensure the financial stability of the Eurozone as a whole. The third chapter will study the interventions of the European Central Bank during the crisis considering how the necessity to protect the single currency has developed its role and extended its mandate. The fourth chapter will focus on the reform of the economic governance through the fiscal discipline of Member States. The fifth chapter will take into consideration the reform of the banking governance and the establishment of the European Banking Union, which was finally introduced to stop the vicious cycle between the debt and banking crisis. By developing the thesis, the analysis will consider each reform from the point of view of its legality, effectiveness and democratic legitimacy.
Egbe, Manfred Egbe. "Sub-Sahara African Immigrants in the ‘Land of Plenty’: Economic Crisis, Food Insecurity and Hunger in Tarragona and Lleida." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401560.
Повний текст джерелаCon la crisis económica en el horizonte, una parte creciente de la población en España ha cambiado (y sigue cambiando) de preocuparse por la calidad de los alimentos - es decir, lo que ellos desean (como cuando había abundancia), a preocuparse de nuevo por la cantidad - Sobre el acceso a la alimentación, el acceso a una cantidad suficiente de alimentos al precio más barato posible, sobre todo porque la abundante disponibilidad de alimentos en España no se traduce en acceso para cada individuo y hogar en el país - especialmente el acceso al tipo de alimento considerado adecuado para la salud Y el bienestar. Esta creciente sección de la población, una categoría emergente que Schierup et al.(2015) llaman el ‘precariado’ (Que es un grupo social cuya experiencia en el mundo del trabajo está marcada por la "precariedad" en términos de mano de obra informal, extorsión salarial, temporalidad, incertidumbre y riesgo pernicioso), un grupo social con crecientes dificultades para acceder a los alimentos son, los inmigrantes, los refugiados, los desempleados, los pensionistas, los subempleados, los trabajadores pobres, las familias monoparentales, etc. Así, este estudio se centra en los inmigrantes africanos subsaharianos (SSA) que viven en Lleida y tarragona dos ciudades de la región catalana de España, y hace hincapié en las dimensiones desproporcionadas y raciales de la precarización que a menudo se descuidan en la investigación.
With the economic crisis on the horizon, a growing part of the population in Spain has shifted (and continues to shift) from worrying about food quality – i.e. what they desire (as in when there was abundance), to worrying again about quantity – i.e. about access to food, access to sufficient amount of food at cheapest price possible, especially because abundant food and food availability in Spain does not translate into access for every individual and households in the country – especially access to the kind of food considered appropriate for health and wellbeing. This growing section of the population, an emerging category Schierup et al. (2015) called ‘the precariat’ (that is a social group, whose experience in the world of work is marked by ‘precarity’ in terms of informal labour, wage squeeze, temporariness, uncertainty, and pernicious risk), a social group with increasing difficulties to access food include immigrants, refugees, the unemployed, pensioners, the underemployed, the working poor, single parent families and so on. Thus, this study focus on Sub-Sahara African (SSA) immigrants living in Lleida and Tarragon, two cities in the Catalonia region of Spain, and emphasizes on the disproportionate and racial dimensions of precarization that is often neglected in research.
Lobato, Rodríguez Marta M. "The subjective revolution: society and culture in post 2008 Spain." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664206.
Повний текст джерелаThe research upon which this thesis is based took place in the context of the economic crisis that hit Southern Europe and other regions of the world in 2008. Considering the changes that scholars were pointing at, such as the further de-regulation of the labour market, the cuts in public spending, and the rising levels of inequality, I sought to find specific answers to the questions: In what ways have socio-economic transformations following the crisis changed the lives of ‘middle’ and ‘lower-middle’ segments of the Spanish and Cypriot societies? And, what are the structural and qualitative foundations (ideas, narratives, beliefs) informing these new inequalities? For this purpose, fieldwork was carried out in different settings and locations in Spain, and to a lesser extent, in Cyprus. This thesis proposes that experiences of precarious work, and the increasing difficulties with managing the productive and reproductive life spheres, have created a disjuncture with the middle-class project that European welfare states pursued after the 70s with the rise of financialization and global capitalism. Despite the continuities of this project, recent processes have led to rising inequalities between the middle and lower-income groups. As a way of sustaining class expectations, the so called ‘middle classes’ emerge once again as a symbolic class that stands much closer to the neoliberal ideals of the elites than to the truly dispossessed. In today’s flexibility paradigm, we see a restructuring of what I term ‘the political economy of values’ and the expectations that prompt workers to sell their labour. The thesis title “The subjective revolution” encapsulates the cultural world through which symbols are mobilized and re-invented, alluding to the incredible resourcefulness with which the dispossessed middle-income groups have reacted to the crisis and its aftermath. What is the mechanism by which such a restructuring of the political economy of values is taking place? By understanding that this recent wave of worsening labour conditions has required a new ‘abstraction’ of labour value through cultural and symbolic means, I conclude that further alienation prevents people from identifying current political practices with ‘unfreedom’. Thus, I conclude that the idea of the flexible worker was brought into play again after the 2008 financial crash as a symbol whose purpose is to keep the cultural aspirations of this symbolic class awake and its politics asleep.
Mattei, Giorgio. "Impatto delle crisi economiche, dell'organizzazione del lavoro e della riabilitazione mediante inserimenti lavorativi sulla salute mentale in Italia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1239424.
Повний текст джерелаIn the first paper, the relationship between hospital admissions due to psychiatric disorders and the severe economic downturn caused by the 2008 financial crisis was studied. Also, the buffering mechanism exerted by social protection (SP) was considered. Among women, increased unemployment was associated with increased hospitalizations due to organic and senile mental disorders, while decreased gross domestic product (GDP) was associated with increased hospitalizations due to all psychiatric disorders, mood disorders, alcohol-related disorders, and substance-related disorder. Among men, increased unemployment was associated with increased hospitalizations due to all psychiatric disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, and organic and senile mental disorders. Decreased GDP was associated with increased hospitalizations due to all psychiatric disorders and alcohol-related disorders. SP buffered the negative mental health outcomes caused by decreased GDP in both genders, specifically with respect to alcohol-related disorders. Between 2008 and 2014 hospitalizations cost exceeded 79,425,797 euros at national level, 11,346,542 euros per year. In the second paper, the efficacy and effectiveness of vocational rehabilitation programs (VRPs) carried out at the Modena Mental Health Department (MHD), and their impact on users’ employability were assessed. A retrospective study was used. All users of the Modena MHD included in VRPs in 2018 were enrolled. A before-after analysis was carried out. Also, exposed users were compared to a non-experimental control group, made up of users not included in VRPs in 2018, homogeneous in terms of socio-demographic characteristics and variables, diagnoses and severity level. In 2018, 62 users ended the VRP (women 29, 46%; mean age 43±13 years old), thus representing the sample of exposed users. The before-after comparison showed that after the beginning of VRPs, the number and days of hospitalization significantly decreased, and no compulsory hospitalization was needed. Also, the median of urgent health interventions declined. In 2018, VRPs made it possible to reduce costs up to 49,243.50 euros, i.e. 794.25 euros per user. Of the 62 users who ended VRPs, on 31 December 2018 twenty-seven were employed (44% of the sample). Eleven users had an open-end contract while sixteen users had a fixed-term contract. Of the latter, six were later changed in open-term contracts. The third paper investigated the association between work environment factors and risk of depression after retirement. A secondary retrospective analysis was carried out using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), wave 6 and 7. The latter provided retrospective data on the respondents’ working conditions before retirement. Binary logistic regressions were used to analyze the association between presence of depression after retirement (detected by the Euro-D scale) and work environment factors in 584 individuals. With respect to work environment factors only fair salary was associated with reduced risk of depression after retirement (OR=0.75, p=0.047). Female gender, number of chronic diseases and presence of the partner in the household increased the risk of depression (OR=1.84, p<0.01; OR=1.58, p<0.01; OR=1.45, p<0.01, respectively), while higher education decreased it (OR=0.88, p=0.048). With respect to personality, the risk of depression after retirement increased a higher level of neuroticism (OR=1.49, <0.01). Differently, increased consciousness was associated with decreased risk of depression (OR=0.73, p=0.06).
Corinaldesi, Patrizio. "The Strategy of Italian micro-small business to face the current economic difficulties." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19609.
Повний текст джерелаBRUNO, VALERIO ALFONSO. "IL RUOLO EUROPEO DELLA GERMANIA DALLA CRISI ECONOMICA AL 2015: L'INFLUENZA REGIONALE TRA EGEMONIA RILUTTANTE E CAPACITA'DI LEADERSHIP." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/17946.
Повний текст джерелаThe research investigates what has been the particular role of Germany in the period from the 2008 economic crisis up to 2015, based on three elements in particular: 1) Type/style of regional power. The power exercised by Germany, on a continuum from a regional hegemonic type to a benevolent and multilateral leadership. 2) Guide/conduct of region. The overall effectiveness of Germany's regional guide role in the post-crisis period. 3) Overall influence or "power over outcomes". The influence excercised by Germany at the regional level between 2008 and 2015. The research supports eventually that Germany, following the global economic crisis, has disposed during the period 2008-2015 of a very effective power (both intentional and non-intentional) developing a particular regional role not always in a clear and defined way, exhibiting indeed traits similar to a leadership and being often capable of leading the European region through critical situations.
BRUNO, VALERIO ALFONSO. "IL RUOLO EUROPEO DELLA GERMANIA DALLA CRISI ECONOMICA AL 2015: L'INFLUENZA REGIONALE TRA EGEMONIA RILUTTANTE E CAPACITA'DI LEADERSHIP." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/17946.
Повний текст джерелаThe research investigates what has been the particular role of Germany in the period from the 2008 economic crisis up to 2015, based on three elements in particular: 1) Type/style of regional power. The power exercised by Germany, on a continuum from a regional hegemonic type to a benevolent and multilateral leadership. 2) Guide/conduct of region. The overall effectiveness of Germany's regional guide role in the post-crisis period. 3) Overall influence or "power over outcomes". The influence excercised by Germany at the regional level between 2008 and 2015. The research supports eventually that Germany, following the global economic crisis, has disposed during the period 2008-2015 of a very effective power (both intentional and non-intentional) developing a particular regional role not always in a clear and defined way, exhibiting indeed traits similar to a leadership and being often capable of leading the European region through critical situations.
DE, ROSA CORRADO. "IL FINANZIAMENTO ALLE IMPRESE IN CRISI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/282730.
Повний текст джерелаBRUNO, FEDERICO. "ORDOLIBERALISM AND THE REFORM OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE DURING THE EURO CRISIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/748061.
Повний текст джерелаDot, Jutglà Esteve. "La ciutat emprenedora en un context de crisi urbana: la capacitat d’adaptació del projecte 22@Barcelona (2000-2013)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/308329.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the study of urban and economic transformation in Poblenou (Barcelona) as a result of the implementation in 2000 of the 22@Barcelona project. The research examines the strategy adopted by the Barcelona City Council approving a new urban planning ordinance aimed at transforming the old industrial area of Poblenou into a magnet for new activities. The thesis specifically explores the adaptability of the agents involved in the project in the period 2000-2013. The analysis of the productive area is based on the theoretical framework of the entrepreneurial city. The elements that structure the theoretical framework are the entrepreneurial spirit from the agents, the path dependency (economic, social and institutional), the role of the agents involved, and the dynamics of governance established between political agents, social and economic. The research methodology is divided into the literature review, descriptive statistics, qualitative fieldwork experience, case studies research (the 22@Barcelona project and Can Ricart complex), focused interviews and questionnaires. The research results provide interpretations of the impact of the project. First, the economic revitalization strategy promoted by the City Council is the engine of change in the productive area of Poblenou. Second, the transformation effects have a significant impact in shaping demographic, social and economic aspects. Finally, the characterization of the role and actions from different agents involved. The thesis identifies the process of urban transformation as a process of multiple governances, given by the complex interaction of different forces embedded in the path dependency of Poblenou and the ability to interact with agents from opposed interests. The analysis of the case studies enables to progress in the generation of some interpretative guidance and public policy related to urban and economic geography and public development strategies.
Garcia, Muniesa Jordi. "Preferences for redistribution in times of crisis. The role of fairness considerations and personal economic circumstances." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668069.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of how public preferences for redistribution can be affected by contexts of economic crisis. The analysis is focussed on two different mechanisms by which crises can influence redistributive preferences: changes in personal economic circumstances and the activation of crisis-specific fairness considerations. The first empirical chapter of the thesis is focussed on the impact of personal experiences with the crisis on individuals’ preferences for a very specific redistributive policy: progressive taxation. I use original data from a survey conducted in nine European countries in the aftermath of the Great Recession. The results show that European citizens’ redistributive preferences correlated with their personal experience with the crisis. Those who reported higher retrospective relative deprivation tended to show higher support for progressive taxation. Nevertheless, results also show that the aggregate association was moderate. Partly because the effects of changes in personal economic circumstances were not homogeneous. Among those who were hit by the crisis, only right-leaning citizens and those who were pessimistic about their personal economic prospects showed increased support for tax progressivity. In the second and third empirical chapters of the thesis I analyse how fairness considerations relative to who and why suffered the negative economic consequences of crisis influence citizens’ redistributive preferences. Firstly, using an economically incentivised laboratory experiment I show that fairness considerations based on whether individuals suffered an income-loss due to factors under or beyond the individual control influence individuals’ support for redistribution. With this experiment I also show that fairness considerations continue to matter when self-interest and insurance motives are primed. The lab experiment allows me to test the mechanism in a context with high internal validity. To test whether crisis-specific fairness considerations can influence public’s support for redistribution in a more realistic and contextually rich setting I relied on a vignette-based survey experiment. The treatments made direct references to the economic crisis and its consequences. Through this experiment I analyse whether frames attributing the causes of being affected by the crisis to factors under or beyond individual control affected people’s support for redistribution towards crisis losers in the aftermath of the Great Recession. Interestingly, the results show that frames attributing being affected by the crisis to factors beyond individual control did not significantly increase support for redistribution. Contrarily, frames attributing the crisis impact to one of the factors under the individual control (past speculative behaviour) did reduce support for redistribution. Overall, the thesis shows that a context of economic crisis can influence citizens’ preferences for redistribution. However, we should not expect recessions to have automatic and homogeneous effects on citizens’ redistributive preferences. On one hand, I show that personal experiences with the crisis can affect the levels of support for redistribution, but the effect is conditional to individuals’ ideological standings and economic expectations. Additionally, I have shown that not only personal material circumstances can influence people’s redistributive preferences. Their interpretation of the crisis and its effects can also influence their support for redistribution. This opens the door for political influence of political elites through framing practices.
Andreu, i. Rosés Mercè. "Explica'm un relat i et diré què penses. La formació del pensament crític de l'alumnat de quart d'ESO." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672046.
Повний текст джерелаPresentamos una investigación realizada a jóvenes de 15 y 16 años sobre cómo forman su pensamiento social, a partir de sus relatos, los cuales son un instrumento idóneo para expresar sus opiniones, inquietudes o alternativas de futuro. Si tenemos en cuenta que el pensamiento se refleja en el lenguaje, la narración es un instrumento esencial en la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales, para saber cómo las y los jóvenes elegidos en la investigación, interpretan la realidad y su mundo, y cómo podemos intervenir desde las aulas para ayudarlos a formar su pensamiento crítico. La temática elegida ha sido la crisis económica que se inicia en el 2008 y que afecta una buena parte de la vida de estos jóvenes. La investigación también ha consistido en la experimentación de una secuencia didáctica sobre la crisis, como Cuestión Socialmente Viva, para analizar cómo afrontan este problema social y sus capacidades para buscar soluciones o alternativas. El tema de la crisis nos permite, además, indagar sobre otros aspectos que consideramos importantes, dentro del pensamiento crítico, como pueden ser: la visión que tienen sobre el mundo actual, las soluciones que aportan para combatir la crisis, como ven el sistema capitalista, qué lectura hacen de las consecuencias de este sistema, qué propuestas de mejora plantean, su visión sobre el futuro, como interpretan la realidad presente, etc ... Estudiar la formación del pensamiento crítico y los factores que intervienen, nos parece especialmente interesante en el actual contexto marcado por los acelerados cambios tecnológicos, el alud de informaciones (de sospechosa fiabilidad, muchas veces), la globalización, la emergencia climática, la multiculturalidad, la gran desigualdad existente ... que caracterizan la sociedad contemporánea. Es importante, creemos, conocer como lo conforman para poder, desde las aulas, incidir en la mejora de la formación del pensamiento crítico para educar a jóvenes con conocimientos, voluntad de implicación social y capacidad para acabar actuando y participando activamente en la sociedad y el momento que les ha tocado vivir con el fin de contribuir a su mejora. La investigación se inicia en el curso 2012-13, como un proceso sistemático de reflexión sobre la práctica del profesorado de ciencias sociales, y finaliza en 2020, como proceso de investigación-innovación en un centro educativo con unas características determinadas, con una población inmigrante numerosa y familias con dificultades económicas en contraste con otras de un nivell socioeconómico y cultural alto. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten aportar un conocimiento valioso para que en otros contextos pueda ser útil, para la formación del pensamiento crítico del alumnado de secundaria cuando se trabaja con problemas sociales relevantes. Ahora conocemos en profundidad las representaciones sociales del alumnado sobre la crisis, las necesidades que tiene de poder manifestar sus ideas y las muchas posibilidades que tiene el profesorado para innovar en los estudios sociales. El estudio se ha llevado a cabo durante los cursos académicos 2012-13, 2013-14 y 2015-16, con una muestra total de 147 estudiantes de cuarto de la ESO, divididos en dos clases por cada curso. El hecho que estos jóvenes fueran de procedencias geográficas distintas y niveles socioeconómicos muy dispares, sin duda ha contribuido a enriquecer los resultados de la investigación.
We present an investigation carried out to young people aged 15 and 16 on how they form their social thinking, based on their stories, which are an ideal instrument to express their opinions, concerns or alternatives for the future. If we take into account that thought is reflected in language, narration is an essential instrument in the teaching of social sciences to know how the young people selected for the research interpret reality and their world, and how we can intervene from the classrooms to help them train their critical thinking. The chosen theme was the economic crisis that began in 2008 and that affects a good part of the lives of these young people. The research has also consisted in the experimentation of a didactic sequence on the crisis as a current social question, to analyze how they face this social problem and their capacities to find solutions or alternatives. The issue of the crisis also allows us to inquire about other aspects that we consider relevant within critical thinking such as: the vision they have about the current world, the solutions they provide to combat the crisis, how they see the capitalist system, what reading do they make of the consequences of this system, what proposals for improvement they make, their vision of the future, how they interpret the present reality, etc ... Studying the formation of critical thinking and the factors that intervene, we find it especially interesting in the present context marked by accelerated technological changes, the flood of information (of suspicious reliability, many times), the globalization, the climatic emergency, the multiculturalism, the great existing inequality ... that characterize contemporary society. We believe it is important to know how they make it up in order to be able, from the classroom, to influence the improvement of the formation of critical thinking to educate young people with knowledge, with the will to get socially involved and the ability to end up acting and actively participating in the society they have had to live in order to contribute to its improvement. The research begins in the 2012-13 academic year, as a systematic process of reflection on the practice of social sciences teachers, and ends in 2020, as a research-innovation process in an educational center with certain characteristics, with a large immigrant population and families with economic difficulties in contrast to others of a high socioeconomic and cultural level. The results obtained allow us to provide valuable knowledge so that in other contexts it can be useful for the formation of critical thinking in secondary school students when working with relevant social problems. Now we know in depth the social representations of the students about the crisis, the needs they have to be able to express their ideas and the many possibilities that teachers have to innovate in social studies. The study was carried out during the academic years 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2015-16, with a total sample of 147 fourth-year ESO students, divided into two classes for each course. The fact that these young people came from different geographical origins and very different socioeconomic levels has undoubtedly contributed to enriching the results of the research.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Educació
Bernat, Molina Ignasi. "Mapping the crimes of the powerful and the economic crisis: crime, state and power." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673707.
Повний текст джерелаLa tesi ‘Mapping the Crimes of the Powerful and the Economic Crisis: Crime, State and Power’ es concentra en quatre episodis recents de les diverses crisis que afecten el sud d’Europa. Partint de la literatura criminològica i dels crims dels poderosos, la tesi fixa l’atenció en els diversos elements que han fet possible les condicions que han portat a aquestes crisis. Les crisis han de ser enteses com el resultat dels crims dels poderosos. D’aquesta forma la tesi s’interroga per la naturalesa dels crims dels poderosos, doncs entén que són aquests crims els que generen un major dany social. La tesi es pregunta per quina criminologia és necessària per poder respondre a aquests crims. En concret, la tesi defensa que els crims estatal-corporatius han de ser entesos com un procés enlloc de com una suma de successos diferents aïllats. Els hem de localitzar dins d’una economia política creixentment financiaritzada i un conjunt de relacions de poder corporatiu, però també colonial i patriarcal que relega els recursos comuns i els drets socials a meres mercaderies. Els crims corporatius juguen un rol central en el procés actual d’acumulació de poder i riquesa. La corporació és la institucionalització de relacions de poder (classe, gènere i colonial) a on la despossessió i la violència tenen lloc. La corporació i l’estat que treballa amb ella, han demostrat la capacitat d’aprovar lleis en benefici seu, amenaçar governs, emprar pràctiques il·legals, negar drets i desposseir a gent a través del poder corporatiu i de la violència simbòlica. Els crims dels poderosos no poden ser estudiats fora de l’estructura social on aquests són comesos. La financiarització de l’economia ha sigut un element comú de tots els crims estudiats aquí doncs a trinxat antics drets fins a convertir-los en mercaderies que calia comprar. Per últim, la tesi reivindica que la importància de la dimensió geopolítica com a element a l’hora d’entendre els tipus de crims que succeiran a cada regió. És a dir, els règims de poder regionals configuren els crims dels poderosos que es realitzaran a cada àrea específica. Comprendre el paper jugat per cada un d’aquests elements, estat, economia i poder, segueixen sent claus per una criminologia que aspiri a ser crítica.
Programa de Doctorat Interuniversitari en Dret, Economia i Empresa
Sánchez, Corredor Alba. "La mediación concursal en el acuerdo extrajudicial de pagos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668394.
Повний текст джерелаEl presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objeto el estudio del Acuerdo Extrajudicial de Pagos (AEP), figura preconcursal introducida mediante la Ley 14/2013, de 27 de septiembre, de apoyo a los emprendedores y su internacionalización, así como la institución de la mediación concursal. También se realizará un análisis de las distintas instituciones preconcursales de otros países para tener una visión del derecho comparado. Este trabajo se enmarca en un contexto de crisis económica en la que el legislador español busca, a partir de diversas reformas legislativas, incentivar la actividad empresarial mediante el establecimiento de unas medidas que pretenden evitar la creencia del potencial emprendedor de que el inicio de dicha actividad empresarial o profesional va a determinar, en el supuesto de que llegue a encontrarse en una situación de crisis económica empresarial, una obligación eterna de pago frente a sus acreedores si se han cumplido los deberes y obligaciones legalmente establecidas. Pese a los esfuerzos del legislador, se sigue debatiendo si el AEP puede cumplir sus objetivos perseguidos, es decir, si puede actuar como segunda oportunidad o, por el contrario, estamos ante otro mecanismo previo para proceder al posterior concurso y, a su vez, la liquidación de la actividad empresarial o profesional.
This research work is aimed at the study of the Extrajudicial Payments Agreement (AEP). This insolvency figure introduced by law 14/2013, of 27 September, supporting entrepreneurs and their internationalization, as well as the institution of the Bankruptcy mediation. An analysis of the different bankruptcy institutions of other countries will also be carried out to have a comparative law view. This work is framed in a context of economic crisis in which the Spanish legislator seeks, from various legislative reforms, to encourage business activity by establishing measures that seek to avoid the belief of potential Entrepreneurial that the beginning of this business or professional activity will determine, in the event that it comes to be in a situation of economic crisis, an eternal obligation to pay against its creditors if they have fulfilled the duties and Legally established obligations. Despite the legislator's efforts, it continues to be debated whether the AEP can fulfil its pursued objectives, that is, whether it can act as a second chance or, on the contrary, we are facing another previous mechanism to proceed to the subsequent competition and, in turn, the Liquidation of business or professional activity.
Monza, Sabina. "Media portraits in times of crisis (2008-2014). Public views of the european union and the austerity policies in the national leading press." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669744.
Повний текст джерелаThis article-based doctoral thesis revisits the role of the national printed press in supplying political information related to the European Union during the years of economic crisis and austerity policy-making (2008-2014). The supply side of political information plays an important function in establishing a general information environment at the national level that affects the process of citizens’ opinion formation regardless of people’s direct exposure to media outlets and news consumption. However, empirical research is still scarce. I argue that this information is particularly relevant in times of crises and in relation to the European Union, of whom information is usually scant. The managerial role of the European Union during the economic crisis opened up extraordinary opportunities for making it known and, furthermore, for reconnecting European citizens to the project of European integration. First, through gaining visibility in the national public spheres, which are usually dominated by national political actors advancing their interests. Second, through public debates, addressing political and social issues that, at the time, profoundly concerned wide sectors of the national populations. The first chapter presents the theoretical framework for the three empirical articles that follow, each of which builds upon the preceding one. These analyze and compare cross-country and over time the key political information that during the last economic crisis: (1) enabled European citizens to track political responsibilities related to austerity policy-making; (2) facilitated the understanding of complex policy-making; and (3) included political, economic and social actors in discursive interactions, especially, European citizens. The second chapter (first article) analyzes the Europeanization of the national public spheres. European visibility was limited during the economic crisis, but there were significant differences across countries. The third chapter (second article) considers the national public sphere as an arena for contention where social actors struggle to make visible and legitimate their interests. Core political actors and interest groups alternatively dominated the media in all countries, advancing economic and financial issues, while civil society remained almost absent. The fourth chapter (third article) examines the relationship between the European Union and austerity policy-making. There were no clear references for tracking political responsibilities; economic lexicon was preponderant and too technical to be easily followed by European citizens. Finally, the fifth chapter assesses the empirical results in terms of the proposed theories, reflects about the inferences, and proposes further research. Altogether, this thesis evidences a lost opportunity for bridging the information gap between the European Union and its citizens, and for engaging European citizens in discussing sensitive policy-making during the economic crisis. The results have empirical and normative implications concerning the legitimacy of the European Union.
Bosque, Prous Marina 1984. "Alcohol consumption in people aged 50 or older in Europe." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/523488.
Повний текст джерелаEl consum de risc d'alcohol en la gent gran s'ha convertit en un important problema de salut pública degut a l’envelliment de la població i al fet que les conseqüències adverses del consum es magnifiquen en aquest grup d'edat. No obstant això, són pocs els estudis que analitzen el consum de risc d'alcohol en persones majors de 50 anys i els factors que s'associen al consum de risc. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és quantificar el consum de risc d'alcohol en persones de 50 anys o més a Europa segons gènere i país i analitzar els possibles factors individuals i contextuals relacionats amb aquest consum. Per tota la tesi, la font d'informació van ser les enquestes del projecte europeu SHARE (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe), amb dades de diferents països d’Europa. La tesi consisteix en 5 articles que intenten respondre als diferents objectius específics. Els resultats suggereixen que la prevalença de consum de risc d'alcohol en les persones de 50 anys o més està al voltant del 22%, amb variacions entre països, que poden explicar-se per factors individuals, com el sexe o l’edat, i per diversos factors contextuals, com les restriccions en la publicitat de les begudes alcohòliques o la taxa d'atur. Finalment, un dels aspectes contextuals que pot haver tingut més impacte en els darrers anys és la crisi econòmica. El que hem vist és que en persones de 50 a 64 anys la incidència de consum de risc d’alcohol era major en aquells que havien perdut la feina. Tanmateix, durant el període de 2006 a 2013 s’ha produït una davallada en el consum de risc d’alcohol i en la mitjana de la quantitat consumida en persones de 50 a 64 anys a Europa.
Souza, Leonardo Flauzino de 1985. "A crise financeira de 2008 = uma interpretação teórica heterodoxa." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286126.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A crise econômica de 2008 pode ser analisada pelo arcabouço das teorias keynesianas, em especial a partir das interpretações em torno da teoria da preferência pela liquidez. Esta foi elaborada primeiramente na Teoria Geral de Keynes, mas alcançou interpretações muito diversas nas obras de Kaldor, Hicks, Davidson e Minsky. As idéias expostas por estes autores são capazes de fornecer algumas explicações sobre as escolhas de ativos, em especial os relacionados aos mercados financeiros, e analisar os impactos dinâmicos das decisões de financiamento e alocação do capital. Entretanto, algumas inovações financeiras, como a securitização e os derivativos, que tiveram uma participação fundamental na constituição da crise, não são, de forma geral, exploradas por estes autores. Desta forma, o presente trabalho se propõe a explorar a teoria e as interpretações supracitadas, a fim de construir uma analise teórica da crise de 2008, abarcando as contribuições das inovações financeiras mencionadas. O contexto histórico em torno da crise de 2008, analisado pelo viés teórico keynesiano, é capaz de explicar como esta tomou a forma de uma das mais severas crises da história do capitalismo contemporâneo. Ao se iniciar como uma crise de crédito convencional e aos poucos tomar a forma de uma crise de liquidez e solvência, destaca-se o papel crucial da securitização de créditos e dos derivativos financeiros neste processo, alterando as escolhas de portfólio, as decisões de financiamento e a dinâmica das interações entre os balanços das diversas instituições financeiras da economia norte-americana e mundial
Abstract: The 2008 economic crisis can be analyzed by the framework of post-Keynesian theories, especially the interpretations around the liquidity preference theory. This one was first presented in Keynes' General Theory, but it reached very different interpretations in the work of Kaldor, Hicks, Davidson and Minsky. The ideas put forward by these authors can provide some explanations about the asset choices, particularly those related to financial markets, and analyze the dynamic impact of finance decisions and capital allocation. However, some financial innovations, such as securitization and derivatives, which had a seminal role in the constitution of the crisis, are not generally exploited by these authors. Thus, this study aims to explore the theory and the interpretations above, in order to build a theoretical analysis of the 2008 economic crisis, covering the contributions of the financial innovations mentioned. The historical context surrounding the 2008 economic crisis, analyzed by the bias of Keynesian theory, is able to explain how that took the form of one of the most severe crises in the history of contemporary capitalism. When it start as a conventional credit crisis and gradually take the form of a crisis of liquidity and solvency, it highlight the crucial role of securitization of loans and financial derivatives in this process, changing the portfolio choices, funding decisions and the dynamics of interactions between the balance sheets of many financial institutions in the U.S. economy and the world
Mestrado
Ciências Economicas
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
Brambilla, Emanuele. "THE QUEST FOR ARGUMENTATIVE EQUIVALENCE.An Interpreting-oriented Argument Analysis of Political Source Texts on the Economic Crisis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/10985.
Повний текст джерелаL’interpretazione ha spesso luogo in situazioni argomentative, vale a dire eventi comunicativi miranti alla “soluzione” di una divergenza di opinioni in merito a una specifica questione. Nel tentativo di difendere o delegittimare determinate posizioni, gli oratori fanno solitamente ricorso a tecniche argomentative che determinano la forza pragmatica del discorso. In questo senso, l’argomentazione è essenzialmente relativa, poiché dipende da convenzioni culturali, vincoli contestuali e fattori soggettivi. La relatività delle tecniche argomentative complica il compito interpretativo, soprattutto considerando che, nelle situazioni argomentative, la qualità dell’interpretazione è determinata dall’abilità dell’interprete di trasmettere lo scopo argomentativo del testo di partenza. L’equivalenza passa, cioè, per il rispetto delle convinzioni dell’oratore, senza il quale l’interpretazione è destinata a produrre un testo non equivalente all’originale a livello pragmatico. Guidato anche dall’intenzione di sopperire, seppur in misura minima, alla scarsa considerazione che le teorie dell’argomentazione godono nella ricerca in interpretazione, il presente progetto di ricerca circoscrive lo studio delle situazioni argomentative all’analisi dell’argomentazione in ambito politico, perseguendo due obiettivi principali: la definizione di una metodologia appropriata per l’analisi descrittiva dell’argomentazione nei testi di partenza e la valutazione empirica della relatività delle tecniche argomentative, mirante alla formulazione di indicazioni per l’interpretazione di discorsi politici. Lo studio si basa su un corpus comparabile multilingue denominato ARGO. Il corpus contiene trecentotredici discorsi politici sull’attuale crisi economico-finanziaria, pronunciati da Barack Obama, David Cameron, Nicolas Sarkozy e François Hollande. L’analisi di ARGO è mirata all’individuazione e alla descrizione di schemi argomentativi, “ragionamenti” stereotipati che vengono spesso usati in ambito politico per legittimare o screditare determinate posizioni. Alla luce della natura relativa dell’argomentazione, la presenza di schemi argomentativi estremamente eterogenei è stata ipotizzata sin dall’inizio del progetto. I risultati dell’analisi contrastiva confermano l’ipotesi iniziale, poiché Obama, Cameron, Sarkozy e Hollande fanno ricorso a diversi schemi argomentativi che richiedono l’utilizzo di diverse strategie interpretative a seconda dell’oratore in questione, del destinatario del discorso e del contesto in cui il discorso viene pronunciato. I risultati trovano pertanto utile applicazione in ambito didattico, poiché, insieme ad ARGO, forniscono materiale e indicazioni teoriche per sensibilizzare gli studenti a concetti argomentativi pertinenti all’interpretazione nella prospettiva di un graduale sviluppo della competenza argomentativa, intesa come l’abilità di anticipare le argomentazioni degli oratori. In maniera più generale, i risultati confermano la natura relativamente prevedibile dei discorsi politici; di conseguenza, avvalorano le implicazioni positive dell’analisi argomentativa dei testi di partenza in ambito interpretativo, il cui utilizzo sistematico è destinato a fornire risultati sempre più consistenti, affidabili e utili per promuovere la ricerca dell’equivalenza argomentativa nei testi interpretati.
Interpreting activity is frequently performed in argumentative situations, i.e. communicative events whose purpose is the discursive “solution” of a conflict between different standpoints regarding one specific question. In their attempts at defending and attacking standpoints, speakers generally resort to argumentative techniques which determine the pragmatic force of speeches. In this respect, argumentation is essentially relative, as it depends on cultural conventions, contextual constraints and subjective factors. The relativity of argumentation compounds the interpreting task, as the quality of the interpreter’s performance within argumentative situations is determined by his/her ability to convey the argumentative purpose of the source text by reproducing the speaker’s convictions. Failure to do so is bound to lead to the production of pragmatically inequivalent interpreted texts. Guided also by the intention partially to cater for the marked neglect of argumentation theories in interpreting research, the present research project focuses on political argumentation and pursues two main objectives: streamlining a suitable analytical methodology for the descriptive study of source-text argumentation in interpreting research and empirically assessing the relative nature of argumentation techniques with a view to providing suggestions for the interpretation of political speeches. The study is based on a multilingual comparable corpus named ARGO. It is composed of three hundred and thirteen political speeches on the current financial and economic crisis, delivered by Barack Obama, David Cameron, Nicolas Sarkozy and François Hollande. The analysis focuses on the identification and description of content-related argumentation schemes, i.e. stereotypical patterns of reasoning recurrently exploited by politicians to legitimise or delegitimise given courses of action. In the light of the relative nature of argumentation, the presence in the corpus of significantly different argumentation schemes was hypothesised at the outset. The findings of the contrastive analysis corroborate the initial hypothesis, as Obama, Cameron, Sarkozy and Hollande generally resort to extremely different argument schemes, which call for the adoption of specific interpreting strategies according to the speaker in question, the communicative context of speech delivery and the relevant audience. The results, thus, find useful application in interpreter training, in that, together with ARGO, they provide material and theoretical indications to sensitise students to relevant argumentation concepts with a view gradually to enhance their argumentative competence, understood as the ability to anticipate speakers’ arguments. More broadly, the results shed light on the predictability of political speeches and, consequently, foster the systematic adoption of argumentation analysis as a source-text research methodology, which could yield increasingly substantial findings paving the way for argumentative equivalence in interpreted argumentative situations.
XXVII Ciclo
1985
Machado, Joana Emanuela Almeida. "Crise Económica: o caso islandês. Evidências de uma crise interna anunciada." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/44689.
Повний текст джерелаMachado, Joana Emanuela Almeida. "Crise Económica: o caso islandês. Evidências de uma crise interna anunciada." Dissertação, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/44689.
Повний текст джерелаHenrique, Christian Guglielmetti 1985. "O último suspiro do neo-racionalismo : o neocontratualismo de Habermas como a via para o irraionalismo." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/282073.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: O presente trabalho centra-se em três pontos nodais. Em primeiro lugar, busca sinalizar os elementos mais gerais que caracterizam a crise estrutural do capital juntamente com o emblema da ?pós-modernidade', que emerge já em fins da década de 60 e início da década de 70 do século XX - adentrando o século XXI. A partir desse quadro histórico, e aqui penetramos no segundo ponto, visualiza-se situar a contribuição que a teoria social do filósofo alemão Jürgen Habermas dá para o debate contemporâneo acerca da questão do projeto da modernidade - a emancipação humana. Isso nos obriga a demonstrar como se movimenta sua crítica ao discurso filosófico da modernidade. Como ponto de confluência indissociável dos dois anteriores, o terceiro momento deste trabalho procura relacionar criticamente esta teoria social com o contexto histórico da crise estrutural do capital. Em outras palavras, busca-se tencionar o seu constructo filosófico-social como uma teoria da crítica emancipatória no contexto de crise estrutural do capital
Abstract: This work focus on three main points. First of all, it seeks to point the most relevant elements that characterize the structural crisis of capital along with the emblem of 'postmodernity', which emerges in the late 60th and early 70s of the 20th century - entering the 21st century. From this historical framework, here we enter the second point, our goal is to situate the contribution that social theory of the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas gives to the contemporary debate on the issue of modernity - human emancipation. This requires us to demonstrate how moves his criticism of the philosophical discourse of modernity. As a point of indissociable confluence from the two previous, the third point, seeks to critically relate this social theory with the historical context of structural crisis of capital
Mestrado
Sociologia
Mestre em Sociologia
Almeida, Rodrigo Bonecini de 1987. "Liberalização, crise e rearranjo macroeconômico da ASEAN-4 e da Coréia do Sul." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286082.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A partir dos anos 1980 medidas de liberalização da economia foram amplamente disseminadas para os países periféricos, principalmente pelas instituições multilaterais de Bretton Woods. Desde então os países da periferia não adotaram de maneira homogênea este conjunto de reformas econômicas e reorientações de políticas econômicas. Num primeiro momento a dissertação enfatiza como Filipinas, Tailândia, Malásia, Indonésia (Asean-4) e Coréia do Sul seguiram alguns dos preceitos de liberalização econômica, dentre as quais se sobressaíram à abertura das contas financeiras do balanço de pagamentos e a desregulação de diversos mercados domésticos, inclusive o financeiro. Em seguida, aponta-se como a execução destas e de outras medidas tiveram como consequência o surgimento da crise asiática na segunda metade da década de 1990, interrompendo por alguns anos o processo de desenvolvimento dos países afetados. Na década subsequente não ocorreu semelhante episódio. Parte-se da hipótese de que a estes países, para evitarem novas crises e manterem suas economias em trajetórias sustentáveis de desenvolvimento, reviram de forma exitosa suas políticas macroeconômicas no início do século XXI, adequando-as a um contexto de integração produtiva regional na Ásia e de expansão internacional da demanda agregada. Nesse sentido, o objetivo da dissertação é compreender como, neste contexto regional e internacional, a desvalorização do câmbio e sua estabilização por meio de intervenção governamental via acumulação de reservas, taxas de juros cadentes e maior ativação da política fiscal destes países na pós-crise permitiram menor instabilidade em meio a uma trajetória de forte crescimento
Abstract: Liberalization measures were widely spread in the periphery of capitalism throughout the 1980s and 1990s, especially by the World Bank and the IMF. Since then, many countries have adopted those propelled economic reforms and economic policy reorientation. Although with national nuances, the Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia (Asean-4) and South Korea have followed some of the economic liberalization prescriptions. In which stands out the opening of capital accounts of the balance of payments and the deregulation of many domestic markets, including the financial markets. The application of these and other measures have brought, as consequence, the rise of the Asian crisis in the second half of the 1990s, curtailing in some years the economic development of affected countries. The hypothesis sustained is that these countries, in order to avoid new crises and keep their economies in a path of sustainable development, revised their macroeconomic policies in the wake of the XXI century. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation is to understand how post-crisis exchange rate depreciation and stabilization - brought about by government intervention in exchange markets via reserve accumulation -, falling interest rates and active fiscal policy in these countries helped lessen economic instability, without the threat of a crisis like the one started in 1997
Mestrado
Desenvolvimento Econômico
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
Souza, Luiz Eduardo Simões de. "A arquitetura de uma crise: história e política econômica na Argentina, 1989-2002." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8137/tde-15092008-095927/.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis studies the foundations of the 2001 economic crisis in Argentina. In the Latin America economic context, and in economic history literature, Argentina is shown as an \"secular regression\" case. This process was enhanced during the Military period (1976 - 1982). During the 1980\'s, under an economic crisis, with a high inflationary process, and presenting one of the highest external debts of the world, the Argentine government tried some stabilization plans. The most important one it was the Convertibility Plan, in 1991. Then Argentina adopted the currency board exchange system, which considered by means of law as an equality of one peso to one U.S. dollar. Argentina would have strong economic growth rates in the first years of the Plan, as her government made the privatization of her public enterprises, promoted the liberalization of her labor market, and opened unconditionally her economy to the foreign capital. The IMF and the World Bank had widely supported the Convertibility Plan and Argentina\'s economic policies, showing the country as an example of good economic policies for over a decade. In 2001, as a result of that economic policies, Argentina entered on a huge economic crisis, with a retraction of more than 16% of her GDP in a single year. The financial system collapsed. The unemployment and the poverty of many deranged on social chaos. From \"first class IMF\'s student\" Argentina went on to the default of her debt with the Fund. This argentine 2001 crisis was the result of the sum of three economic historical processes: (I) the bankruptcy of the imports-substitution development model, as a result of anti-national economic policies applied in Argentina since the last Military period (1976-1983); (II) the submission of Argentina\'s economic policies to the Washington Consensus during the 1980\'s and 1990\'s; and (III) a crisis of capitalism which occurred on the end of the XXth century, whose effects were the most intense on the underdeveloped countries which applied the Washington Consensus policies. The elimination of independent economic development strategies, the excessive liberalization, and the abandonment of sovereign economic policies by successive Argentine governments, always under the support of the International Monetary Fund, had, as a result, the economic collapse of Argentina in 2001.
Antunes, Jadir. "Da possibilidade a realidade : o desenvolvimento dialetico das crises em O Capital de Karl Marx." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280375.
Повний текст джерелаTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: o conceito de crise é inseparável do conceito de capital e o desenvolvimento deste último desenvolve simultaneamenteo conceito do primeiro.Nosso trabalho pretende mostrar como o conceito de crise do capital pode ser encontrado em O Capital de Marx simultaneamente ao conceito de capital. É possível encontrar uma teoria coerente de Marx sobre as crises em O Capital, uma teoria dialética que parta da análise das possibilidades mais gerais e abstratas da crise até sua conversão em realidade, acompanhando o processo de exposição global do conceito de capital no conjunto dos três livros que compõem esta obra. Este movimento que vai da possibilidade formal e abstrata da crise até sua realidade concreta é o mesmo movimento que inicia com a análise da mercadoria e do dinheiro no Livro Primeiro até a análise das categorias mais determinadase concretas como lucro e taxa de lucro do Livro Terceiro
Abstract: The concept of crisis is inseparable from the concept of capital and the development of the latter develops simultaneously the concept of the first. Our work purports to show how the concept of crisis of capital can be viewed simultaneously with the concept of capital in Marx's The Capital. It is possible to find a coherent theory in Marx about the crises in The Capital, a dialectical theory beginning fromthe analysis of the more abstract and general possibilities of crisis up to its convertion into reality, following the process of global exposition of the concept of capital in the whole of the three books of that work. The movement which comes from the formal and abstract possibility of crisis up to its concrete reality is the same movement which begins with both the commodities and the money analysis in the First Book and ends with the analysis of the more determined and concrete categories like profit and profit rate in the Third Book
Doutorado
Doutor em Filosofia
Ladpli, Pimpen. "Economic policy and development in south-east Asian economies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390602.
Повний текст джерелаPalludeto, Alex Wilhans Antonio 1986. "Crise e capitalismo contemporâneo : uma revisão das interpretações marxistas da grande recessão (2007-2009)." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285914.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é o de revisar as principais interpretações de inspiração marxista da Grande Recessão (2007-2009) e identificar as linhas centrais do debate que se trava em torno das suas origens e características fundamentais. Não tive, naturalmente, a pretensão de realizar um exame exaustivo da crescente literatura sobre o tema. Optei, ao invés disso, por selecionar aqueles estudos que me pareceram representativos das correntes teóricas mais importantes no interior do marxismo contemporâneo e, a partir disso, avaliar as suas respectivas posições no que diz respeito à crise recente. A fim de cumprir o objetivo proposto, o capítulo primeiro estabelece os principais conceitos e a metodologia de trabalho empregados ao longo deste estudo. Apresenta-se uma definição de crise, a distinção entre causa última e causa imediata e, por fim, o corte adotado para a organização da literatura. Foi possível demonstrar, desse modo, a existência de duas grandes abordagens no universo teórico marxista no que se refere aos determinantes últimos da crise recente: A - de um lado, aqueles que atribuem a turbulência à dinâmica de uma fase particular do capitalismo, à forma política/econômica/institucional específica assumida pelo sistema capitalista ao longo das últimas décadas, em suma, ao que se convencionou denominar, em diversos trabalhos, neoliberalismo; B - de outro, aqueles que veem a crise recente como uma manifestação própria da dinâmica capitalista em geral - e não do modo particular que esta supostamente apresenta. No primeiro grupo, Dúmenil, Lévy, Saad-Filho e Kotz, cujos trabalhos foram examinados no capítulo segundo, estão entre seus principais expoentes. Conforme se pôde observar, o argumento daqueles que defendem essa perspectiva centra-se, principalmente, na relação de poder entre as classes que compõem o capitalismo, sobretudo a capitalista e a trabalhadora, e no reflexo da configuração institucional formada a partir desta sobre a economia, particularmente sobre o comportamento do setor financeiro e a distribuição de renda. Por outro lado, segundo as análises empreendidas pelos integrantes do segundo grupo, do qual os adeptos da chamada Interpretação do Sistema Único Temporal da teoria do valor de Marx são os principais representantes, a argumentação baseia-se, sobretudo, no movimento traçado pela taxa de lucro e a acumulação de capital. Segundo demonstra o capítulo terceiro, o declínio da taxa de lucro em virtude da elevação da composição orgânica do capital é a hipótese básica para a explicação da Grande Recessão nessa abordagem
Abstract: The aim of this study is to review the main marxist interpretations of the Great Recession (2007-2009) and identify the main lines of the debate on its origins and fundamental characteristics. I did not intend to do a thorough examination of the growing literature on the subject. I opted, instead, to select those studies that seemed representative of the most important theoretical approaches in the contemporary marxism and then evaluate their respective positions with regard to the recent crisis. In order to achieve the proposed objective, the first chapter sets out the key concepts and methodology used throughout this study. It presents a definition of crisis, the distinction between the ultimate and immediate cause and, finally, the approach adopted to organize the literature. It was possible to demonstrate thereby the presence of two major approaches in the theoretical marxist universe with regard to determining the recent crisis: A - on the one hand, those who attribute the turbulence to the dynamics of a particular phase of capitalism, the specific political/economic/institutional form assumed by the capitalist system over the past decades; in short, to what may be called neoliberalism; B - on the other, those who see the recent crisis as a manifestation of general capitalist dynamics itself - and not the particular form that supposedly assume. In the first group, Dumenil, Levy, Saad-Filho and Kotz, whose works are examined in chapter II, are among its main exponents. As seen above, the argument of those who advocate this perspective focuses mainly on the power relationship between classes that constitute capitalism, especially the capitalist and worker, and the reflection of the institutional setting from that upon the economy, particularly on the behavior of the financial sector and income distribution. By contrast, according to the analyzes undertaken by members of the second group, which the supporters of the so-called Temporal Single System Interpretation of Marx's value theory are the main representatives, the argument is based mainly on the movement of the rate of profit and capital accumulation. As the third chapter demonstrates, the declining rate of profit because of the increasing organic composition of capital is the basic hypothesis to explain the Great Recession in this approach
Mestrado
Ciências Economicas
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
Hatto, Bruno 1984. "A crise japonesa dos anos 1990 à luz da hipótese da instabilidade financeira de Hyman Minsky." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286430.
Повний текст джерелаDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A crise econômica que atingiu o Japão durante os anos 1990 interrompeu uma trajetória de quarenta anos de forte crescimento, que conduziu o país de um cenário destruído pela guerra à posição de segunda maior economia do mundo nos anos 1960. O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar os determinantes e consequências dessa crise, utilizando-se como referencial teórico a Hipótese da Instabilidade Financeira desenvolvida por Hyman Minsky. Procura-se argumentar que a forma de atuação dos principais agentes econômicos japoneses (empresas, bancos e famílias) após as mudanças verificadas nos contextos doméstico e externo nos anos 1970 e 1980, cuja interação culminou na crise, pode ser compreendida a partir da teoria minskyana, embora sejam necessárias algumas adaptações para sua aplicação a este caso específico Os argumentos estão organizados da seguinte forma. No primeiro capítulo, apresenta-se a perspectiva teórica utilizada, com base na contribuição original de Minsky e nas análises dessa contribuição realizadas por outros autores pós-keynesianos. No segundo capítulo, descreve-se as principais características do arranjo institucional liderado pelo Estado japonês para estimular o investimento e recuperar a economia do país após a segunda guerra mundial, implantado entre 1950 e o primeiro choque do petróleo em 1973. No terceiro capítulo, analisa-se a desestruturação desse arranjo durante os anos 1970 e 1980, mostrando seus reflexos sobre o comportamento dos agentes e o processo de formação da bolha especulativa no final da década de 1980. Apresenta-se ainda os impactos da desaceleração dos preços dos principais ativos no desempenho da economia japonesa ao longo dos anos 1990, bem como as medidas implementadas pelas autoridades econômicas com o intuito de estimular sua recuperação
Abstract: The economic crisis that stroke Japan during the 1990s broke the growth trajectory that had started forty years earlier and transformed a country destroyed by the Second World War into the second biggest economy in the planet in the 1960s. This paper analyses the causes and consequences of this crisis, using Hyman Minsky's Financial Instability Hypothesis. It argues that the behavior of the main economic agents (enterprises, banks and families) after the changes in the world and domestic economies occurred in the 1970s and 1980s, whose interaction led to the crisis, can be understood under the Minskyan theory, with a few adaptations to this specific case. The paper is separated into three chapters: in the first chapter, it presents the main aspects of Minsky's theory used in the analysis with the contributions of other post-Keynesian authors. In the second chapter, it describes the institutional arrangement commanded by the Japan State that stimulated the economy's recovery between the 1950s and the first oil shock in 1973. In the third chapter, it analyzes how this arrangement was broken during the 1970s and the 1980s, showing the reflexes of this process in the agents' behavior and the formation of the economic bubble in the end of the decade. It also presents the impacts of the deceleration of the asset's prices in the Japanese economy in the 1990s and the actions taken by the economic authorities looking to stimulate the recovery
Mestrado
Teoria Economica
Mestre em Ciências Econômicas
Sangoi, Rafael. "Dívida Pública e Crescimento Econômico: Testes da Hipótese de Reinhart e Rogoff." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9403.
Повний текст джерелаGiwa, Titilola Opeyemi. "Optimal investment strategy for economies in crisis." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268801.
Повний текст джерелаPinto, André Tiago Ferreira. "Incentivos não monetários - uma alternativa de compensação em tempos de crise?" Master's thesis, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/56475.
Повний текст джерелаPinto, André Tiago Ferreira. "Incentivos não monetários - uma alternativa de compensação em tempos de crise?" Dissertação, Faculdade de Economia da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/56475.
Повний текст джерелаWynarczyk, Peter. "Economic crisis and the crisis in economics : internal and external historical aspects of the development of monetary thought in the interwar period - a methodological appraisal." Thesis, University of Kent, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236929.
Повний текст джерелаVillar, Frexedas Óscar. "Crisis and financial contagion: new evidences and new methodological approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/393933.
Повний текст джерелаLa tesis consiste en tres estudios empíricos que enfocan la crisis financiera, que se basan en las definiciones diferentes de definiciones de contagio financieras y empleo de accesos metodológicos. El primer capítulo define el contagio que enfoca los canales de transmisión de la crisis y usa la puesta en práctica de econometría espacial como un mecanismo para evaluar el contagio. A diferencia de otras metodologías la econometría usada, espacial permite para una expresión de los mecanismos de transmisión de crisis bajo suposiciones explícitas dinámicas espaciales. Los segundos y terceros capítulos consideran la definición "de shift-contagion", una definición que es sumamente útil para medir y probar el contagio. El segundo capítulo sigue una estrategia basada en la especificación de un factor aproximado modela y evalúa la presencia "de shift-contagion" que considera la presencia de roturas estructurales en la discrepancia de los factores comunes. El tercer capítulo analiza la presencia "de shift-contagion" que usa un nuevo procedimiento integrador que es robusto a los problemas principales econométricos de la serie de tiempo financiera, p. ej., la falta de contabilidad para la discrepancia heteroscedástica.
Meireles, Guilherme Camara. "Brasil e Argentina: estratégias econômicas na década de 1990 e as consequências observadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/84/84131/tde-10122018-140204/.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work is to analyze the neoliberal strategies adopted by Brazil and Argen-tina in the 1990s as well as the economic and social crises both countries suffered in the turn of the 21th century. The purpose of the research is to explain the economic log-ic behind the attempt to control the inflation that had risen along the previous decade in the two countries, and to show how this issue relates to the crises in question. Neoliber-al policies were first adopted in Brazil by former president Fernando Collor, in 1990, and continued to be adopted by former- presidents Itamar Franco and Fernando Henrique Cardoso. In Argentina, neoliberal policies date from the military dictatorship in the year 1976, being further implemented by former president Carlos Menem (1989) who ruled for ten years, followed by Fernando de la Rúa, who pursued the same policy. In order to reduce inflation rates and make the economic plan work, both countries adopted an open economy, reduced public spending and deregulated their markets, following the principles set forth by the Washington Consensus. The result was a substantial increase in exchange rates that gave rise to an uncontrolled increase in imports, to the detriment of exports, leading to the closing of several national companies, that could not compete with foreign products, followed by a rise in unemployment. Inward foreign investment, often related to the privatization of state enterprises, was also a practice in this period, but it contributed little to the development of the two countries, that were faced with so-cial and economic deterioration throughout the decade in question.
Castronuovo, Andrea Filippo. "Crisi economica e principio di legalità." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1512.
Повний текст джерелаBibaj, Egi <1988>. "La crisi economica e finanziaria greca." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2336.
Повний текст джерелаYildizoglu, Ergin. "A theoretical and historical study of crisis in the capitalist mode of production." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253653.
Повний текст джерелаGranath, Jakob. "ECONOMIC CRISES AND CRIME : The Effects of the Great Recession on Swedish Crime Rates." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448078.
Повний текст джерелаPushmina, J. "The world economic crisis “epidemic”." Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61316.
Повний текст джерелаМорозова, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova, and A. V. Oleynyk. "World economic crisis. Latvia's madness." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13406.
Повний текст джерелаRibeiro, Ana Sylvia Maris. "\'Vai crédito hoje?\': do \'curto-circuito\' ao blackout da reprodução crítica do capital fictício em São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-05082015-144002/.
Повний текст джерелаThe present study constitutes one critical effort. A negative theoretical and critical social effort, which looks at the analysis of the expansion and opening of various forms of credit to the installments of the population considered poor, recent and unprecedented phenomenon in the history of the country which is mainly expressed in the first case decade of this century. The focus is particularly given to the case of São Paulo. From the perspective of critical value developed by Marx in O Capital and dissociation-value developed by Kurz and Scholz, the research builds from the consideration of testimonials from women residing in the outskirts of São Paulo, in the unfolding of the critical ways produced on the understanding of this phenomenon, notably by the State, by means of data and official reports, and geography in the theory of two circuits of the urban economy in underdeveloped countries.
Marçal, Gonçalo Simões. "Uma crise das ideias económicas : uma perspectiva histórica." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7737.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabalho propõe-se analisar a presente crise das ideias económicas a partir de uma perspectiva histórica. Para o efeito, proceder-se-á ao levantamento de algumas crises das ideias económicas ocorridas no passado, bem como a um resumo alargado dos factores que estão na origem da presente crise. A análise centra-se na dimensão teórica das crises em estudo e na sua resolução. Com o intuito de comparar as diferentes crises analisadas, procuraremos identificar mecanismos comuns à evolução das mesmas, bem como avaliar o estado de evolução da presente crise. Além disso, procuraremos determinar, de modo global, qual o papel desempenhado pelas crises das ideias económicas na evolução do conhecimento teórico-económico.
The purpose of the present work is to evaluate the current crisis of economic ideas from a historical standpoint. To that end, we will offer a brief survey of a few major crises of economic ideas occurred in the past, as well as an analysis of the different factors responsible for the present crisis. We will focus on the theoretical dimension of the crises and their solutions. Aiming to compare the different crises under analysis, we will try to identify mechanisms shared by all of them, and thereby to assess the current state of evolution of the present crisis. Moreover, on a larger scale, we will try to determine the role played by the crises of economic ideas within the evolution of theoretical knowledge.
Balachandran, G. "Indian monetary policy and the international liquidity crisis during the inter-war years (1919-1939)." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1989. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28452/.
Повний текст джерелаModena, Matteo <1995>. "Le strategie di Crisis Management per reagire alla crisi Covid-19: il caso del sistema di ospitalità veneziano." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/21620.
Повний текст джерелаRamos, Marcelo Valença. "Releitura sistêmico-teórica das relações entre direito, política e economia: a crise de 2008 como ponto de inflexão para a emergência do constitucionalismo societal." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8615.
Повний текст джерелаThe presentwork seeks elements in Niklas Luhmanns systems theory as developed by Gunther Teubner and Marcelo Neves, amongst others to explain the interrelations between the legal, economic and political social subsystems in current society. Based on the theoretical tools gathered, it analyzes the concept of economic constitution as the structural coupling between law and economics, and the State Constitution as a structural coupling between law and politics. Economic crisis is then explained by the inflationary tendencies in the production of symbols and by the conflicts between partial rationalities. The crisis of 2008 strengthened the conclusion that globalization restrains politics and laws capacities to influence the international economic system. In view of that, it is suggested the adoption of Teubners societal constitutionalism as a proposal for XXI centurys democracy. Societal constitutionalism allows the recognition of internal constitutions in each social subsystem and the development of internal public reasoning institutions, where politics can be developed autonomously from State Politics. Finally, the last chapter considers how the measures against economic crises invariably redefine the roles of the Executive, the Legislative and the Judiciary, recognizing some freedom to the Executive, although such freedom does not mean the absence of any checks and balances.
Rando, Imira Taira. "O Brasil e a crise financeira : políticas econômicas (2008-2014) /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/180902.
Повний текст джерелаBanca: Guilherme Santos Mello
Banca: André Luiz Correa
Resumo: Durante a crise financeira internacional de 2008, o governo federal brasileiro fez uso de políticas para manutenção da atividade econômica através de instrumentos de crédito dos bancos públicos, assim como a adoção de políticas fiscais e monetárias expansivas. A partir do uso de tais instrumentos, o Brasil apresentou resultados considerados satisfatórios na economia dentro do período da crise nos anos 2008 e 2009. Porém, no ano de 2010 o governo iniciou uma mudança no rumo da política econômica. A partir disso é observado um quadro de piora no desempenho da economia brasileira, ao passo que outros países apresentavam sinais de melhoras em suas economias. Este trabalho tem como objetivo geral compreender por que no Brasil se verificou um aprofundamento da crise financeira internacional de 2008 no período posterior, isto é, entre os anos de 2010 e 2014, e quais fatores contribuíram para isso. A hipótese é que o governo brasileiro reorientou a política econômica a partir de 2010 de modo errôneo, priorizando a austeridade fiscal, o que colaborou para o agravamento da crise no país.
Abstract: During the international financial crisis of 2008, the Brazilian federal government used policies for maintaining economic activity through public bank credit instruments, as well as adopted expansive fiscal and monetary policies. As a result Brazil presented satisfactory economic results during the crisis of 2008 and 2009. However, in 2010 the government initiated a change of path with the economic policy. That resulted in a worsening performance of the Brazilian economy contrary to the economic improvement in other countries. This dissertation aims to understand the reason for Brazil's delayed deepening in the 2008 international financial crisis, between 2010 and 2014, and to find what factors contributed to this. The hypothesis is that the Brazilian government erroneously changed the perspective of economic policy as of 2010 prioritizing fiscal austerity and in turn aggravating the national crisis.
Mestre
Lima, Claudia Raphaela Cova de. "A crise bancária irlandesa de 2008-2011." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9949.
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A Irlanda é um país que décadas anteriores chegou a ser chamado de 'O Tigre Celta', devido a seu crescimento econômico expressivo. Após a crise financeira mundial e a ruptura de uma bolha imobiliária, entrou em grande recessão, com um sistema bancário insolvente, a ponto da necessidade de intervenção de organizações financeiras mundiais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a crise do setor bancário irlandês de 2008 a 2011. A dissertação analisa a origem da crise, os métodos de solução e seu custo social.
Ireland in the previous decades was called 'The Celtic Tiger' because of its impressive economic growth. The global financial crisis and the breakdown of a housing bubble, produced a big recession and an insolvent banking system, requiring financial support of world organizations. This dissertation aims to study the Irish banking sector crisis from 2008 to 2011, pointing out an analysis on the origin of the crisis, the resolution methods and its social cost.