Статті в журналах: "Ecology Victoria French Island"

1

Johnston, M. J., M. J. Shaw, A. Robley, and N. K. Schedvin. "Bait uptake by feral cats on French Island, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 29, no. 1 (2007): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am07009.

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Management of feral cat (Felis catus) populations is currently limited by the lack of a control technique that is cost-effective, target-specific and suitable for broad-scale application. This paper describes two non-toxic bait acceptance trials undertaken on French Island in Western Port, Victoria in south?eastern Australia. Moist meat baits were injected with the marker Rhodamine B (RB), and surface distributed along the existing road and firebreak network. Subsequent trapping of feral cats facilitated collection of whiskers, which were analysed using ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy for the presence of RB marking. Twenty-four and forty-seven cats respectively were recovered in each trial with fifty per cent of these individuals found to have consumed at least one bait in either trial. Results are discussed with reference to the development of a felid-specific toxicant baiting technique.

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2

Frankham, Greta J., Robert L. Reed, Terry P. Fletcher, and Kath A. Handasyde. "Population ecology of the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) on French Island, Victoria." Australian Mammalogy 33, no. 1 (2011): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am10051.

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The elusive nature of the long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) has hindered the collection of long-term data for this threatened species. Between June 2005 and May 2009, data on the ecology of a wild population of long-nosed potoroos located on French Island, Victoria, were collected during a series of research projects. Over this period, 33 individual potoroos were trapped a total of 251 times. Up to nine individuals were known to be alive at once on the 15-ha study site of mature remnant native forest. Adult potoroos showed high site fidelity and significant sexual size dimorphism, with males heavier and having longer head and pes lengths than females. Congruent with other studies, we found no evidence of seasonality in breeding. Births occurred in every month of the year and the testis volume of males did not vary throughout the year. In contrast to previous studies, however, we did not observe peaks in breeding activity. Our research and review of existing literature suggests that the ecology of the long-nosed potoroo is strongly influenced by local environmental conditions and emphasises the need to consider long-term and site-specific data when developing management strategies to conserve this ecologically important species.

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3

McLean, Natasha, and Kathrine A. Handasyde. "Sexual maturity, factors affecting the breeding season and breeding in consecutive seasons in populations of overabundant Victorian koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)." Australian Journal of Zoology 54, no. 6 (2006): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo06015.

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It is important to have knowledge of basic population parameters to understand how these vary geographically and temporally and how they contribute to population dynamics. This paper investigates three of these parameters in Victorian koala populations: sexual maturity, aspects of the breeding season, and the continuity of individuals’ breeding. The investigation was carried out in koalas of known-age in two free-living (Redbill Creek on French Island and Brisbane Ranges) and one semi-captive (the Koala Conservation Centre on Phillip Island) population as well as koalas of unknown age in four Victorian populations of overabundant koalas: Mt Eccles and Framlingham in south-west Victoria, French Island in Western Port and Snake Island in south Gippsland. At sexual maturity, female koalas had a mean age (±95% confidence interval) of 24.4 months (23.5–25.3 months), a mean head length of 125 mm (124–127 mm) and a mean body mass of 6.6 kg (6.3–6.8 kg). Only 7.4% of independent females (of unknown age) were carrying young when they weighed less than 6 kg. The breeding season was more restricted in the south-west populations. At Framlingham and Mt Eccles 85% and 91% of births, respectively, occurred between December and March. At Snake and French Islands only 46% and 53% of births, respectively, were recorded in the same period. In the Chlamydia-free population (Red Bill Creek) none of the koalas that were monitored stopped breeding and then resumed breeding in a subsequent season whereas many females from Chlamydia-infected populations (Brisbane Ranges and the Koala Conservation Centre) did so. This variation in reproductive patterns is likely to make an important contribution to the variation in the demography observed in different koala populations.

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4

Martin, R. W. "Overbrowsing, and decline of a population of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, in Victoria. II. Population condition." Wildlife Research 12, no. 3 (1985): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850367.

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Juvenile and sub-adult koalas from a population at Walkerville, Victoria, which was severely defoliating its preferred food trees, had significantly lower growth rates than animals from a population on French Island, Victoria. Mature males from Walkerville were significantly smaller than French Island males in most age classes. There was no significant difference between the body weights of mature females of the 2 populations. Haematological tests on the females showed that nutritionally induced anaemia was significant in the Walkerville animals by Jan. 1981. Heavy tick loads probably exacerbated the effects of the food shortage on the animals' condition, but were not the cause of the anaemia. The low fertility rate of the Walkerville females appeared to be due to their poor nutritional state and to reproductive tract disease.

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5

Davies, Christopher, Wendy Wright, Faye Wedrowicz, Carlo Pacioni, and Fiona E. Hogan. "Delineating genetic management units of sambar deer (." Wildlife Research 49, no. 2 (October 20, 2021): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19235.

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Abstract Context Invasive species are major drivers of biodiversity loss, requiring management to reduce their ecological impacts. Population genetics can be applied to delineate management units, providing information that can help plan and improve control strategies. Aim The present study aims to use a genetic approach to test the existence of three previously proposed sambar deer populations in south-eastern Australia. In doing so, the study aims to delineate management units of sambar deer in south-eastern Australia. Methods Sambar deer DNA was sourced opportunistically from tissue samples and targeted scat collection. Samples were collected from three areas in Victoria, south-eastern Australia: Mt Cole (MC), French Island (FI) and eastern Victoria (EV). Contemporary population structure was assessed using a suite of 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers. The number of maternal sambar deer lineages in south-eastern Australia was investigated through sequencing of the mitochondrial (mt)DNA control region. Key results Three distinct genetic clusters were identified. Differentiation among inferred clusters was found to be high, with FST ranging from 0.24 between EV and FI clusters and 0.48 between MC and FI clusters. Two mtDNA haplotypes were identified; R.u1 was found throughout EV and FI, and R.u2 was unique to MC. DNA isolated from scats provided reliable data and proved critical for sampling areas where hunting and culling of deer are not generally undertaken. Conclusions Three genetically distinct sambar deer management units in south-eastern Australia are defined – MC, FI and EV. Sambar deer control strategies should be applied to each management unit independently. This may be difficult or infeasible for the EV management unit, which is large and geographically complex. Further research may help identify additional fine-scale genetic structure in EV, allowing smaller, more practicable management units to be identified. Implications Genetic data can be used to identify management units for invasive species, which will be critical for the development of future management strategies and improving control operations. The approach outlined here could also be applied to improve the management of other introduced deer species in south-eastern Australia.

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6

Saarela, Jeffery M., Paul C. Sokoloff, Lynn J. Gillespie, Roger D. Bull, Bruce A. Bennett, and Serguei Ponomarenko. "Vascular plants of Victoria Island (Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada): a specimen-based study of an Arctic flora." PhytoKeys 141 (March 6, 2020): 1–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.141.48810.

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Victoria Island in Canada’s western Arctic is the eighth largest island in the world and the second largest in Canada. Here, we report the results of a floristic study of vascular plant diversity of Victoria Island. The study is based on a specimen-based dataset comprising 7031 unique collections from the island, including some 2870 new collections gathered between 2008 and 2019 by the authors and nearly 1000 specimens variously gathered by N. Polunin (in 1947), M. Oldenburg (1940s–1950s) and S. Edlund (1980s) that, until recently, were part of the unprocessed backlog of the National Herbarium of Canada and unavailable to researchers. Results are presented in an annotated checklist, including keys and distribution maps for all taxa, citation of specimens, comments on taxonomy, distribution and the history of documentation of taxa across the island, and photographs for a subset of taxa. The vascular plant flora of Victoria Island comprises 38 families, 108 genera, 272 species, and 17 additional taxa. Of the 289 taxa known on the island, 237 are recorded from the Northwest Territories portion of the island and 277 from the Nunavut part. Thirty-nine taxa are known on the island from a single collection, seven from two collections and three from three collections. Twenty-one taxa in eight families are newly recorded for the flora of Victoria Island: Artemisia tilesii, Senecio lugens, Taraxacum scopulorum (Asteraceae); Crucihimalaya bursifolia, Draba fladnizensis, D. juvenilis, D. pilosa, D. simmonsii (Brassicaceae); Carex bigelowii subsp. bigelowii, Eriophorum russeolum subsp. albidum (Cyperaceae); Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. monticola, Bromus pumpellianus, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa, D. sukatschewii, Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis (Poaceae); Stuckenia filiformis (Potamogetonaceae); Potentilla × prostrata (Rosaceae); Galium aparine (Rubiaceae); and Salix ovalifolia var. ovalifolia (Salicaceae). Eight of these are new to the flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Senecio lugens, Draba juvenilis, D. pilosa, Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. monticola, Bromus pumpellianus, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa, Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis and Salix ovalifolia var. ovalifolia. One of these, Galium aparine, is newly recorded for the flora of Nunavut. Four first records for Victoria Island are introduced plants discovered in Cambridge Bay in 2017: three grasses (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Lolium perenne, and Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis) and Galium aparine. One taxon, Juncus arcticus subsp. arcticus, is newly recorded from the Northwest Territories. Of the general areas on Victoria Island that have been botanically explored the most, the greatest diversity of vascular plants is recorded in Ulukhaktok (194 taxa) and the next most diverse area is Cambridge Bay (183 taxa). The floristic data presented here represent a new baseline on which continued exploration of the vascular flora of Victoria Island – particularly the numerous areas of the island that remain unexplored or poorly explored botanically – will build.

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7

Legione, Alistair R., Jemima Amery-Gale, Michael Lynch, Leesa Haynes, James R. Gilkerson, Fiona M. Sansom, and Joanne M. Devlin. "Chlamydia pecorum Infection in Free-ranging Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) on French Island, Victoria, Australia." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 52, no. 2 (April 28, 2016): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/2015-10-276.

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8

Smykla, Jerzy, Beata Krzewicka, Karina Wilk, Steven Emslie, and Lucyna Śliwa. "Additions to the lichen flora of Victoria Land, Antarctica." Polish Polar Research 32, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10183-011-0009-5.

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Additions to the lichen flora of Victoria Land, Antarctica Lichens of relict penguin colonies and sites affected by active penguin colonies were investigated in Victoria Land, Ross Sea sector, continental Antarctica. A total of 17 coastal sites, seven in northern and ten in southern Victoria Land, have been investigated across 7° of latitude from 71° to 78°S. Altogether 40 taxa of lichens have been identified. Four of the recorded species are new to the Antarctic - Caloplaca erecta, C. soropelta, C. tominii and Physcia tenella; two species are new to the Victoria Land area - Lecania nylanderiana and Lecanora polytropa. The first lichen records from Beaufort Island are also provided. Data presented here expand the knowledge on the occurrence, diversity and distribution of Victoria Land lichens.

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9

Friesen, T. Max, and Lauren E. Y. Norman. "The Pembroke Site: Thule Inuit Migrants on Southern Victoria Island." ARCTIC 69, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4545.

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This paper presents description and interpretation of the Pembroke site, the earliest known Thule Inuit occupation in the southeastern Victoria Island region, Nunavut. The site has 11 extant dwellings, including five heavy tent rings, five light semi-subterranean dwellings, and a <em>qalgiq </em>(large communal structure). The site’s economy revolved mainly around the acquisition of caribou, Arctic char, and lake trout, with minimal consumption of sea mammals. Radiocarbon dates, reinforced by artifact analyses, indicate an occupation around AD 1400. Based on several lines of evidence, including the extremely small artifact samples, the site is interpreted as having been occupied relatively briefly. It represents the first colonization of the region by Thule people, approximately 200 years after the initial Thule migration from Alaska into the eastern Arctic. Thus, it documents a second migration wave: an expansion of Thule peoples from their initially occupied territories to other, in some ways less optimal, regions

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10

Hall, K. R. L., and J. S. Gartlan. "ECOLOGY AND BEAVIOUR OF THE VERVET MONKEY, CERCOPITHECUS AETHIOPS, LOLUI ISLAND, LAKE VICTORIA." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 145, no. 1 (August 20, 2009): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1965.tb01999.x.

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11

Pearson, Osbjorn M., Ethan C. Hill, Daniel J. Peppe, Alex Van Plantinga, Nick Blegen, J. Tyler Faith, and Christian A. Tryon. "A Late Pleistocene human humerus from Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya." Journal of Human Evolution 146 (September 2020): 102855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102855.

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12

Montague, T. L., and J. M. Cullen. "The Diet of the Little PenguinEudyptula minorat Phillip Island, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 88, no. 3 (September 1988): 138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu9880138.

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SYME, ANNA E., and GARY C. B. POORE. "Three new ostracod species from coastal Australian waters (Crustacea: Ostracoda: Myodocopa: Cylindroleberididae)." Zootaxa 1305, no. 1 (August 31, 2006): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1305.1.5.

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Three new species of Cylindroleberididae are described: Parasterope gamurru from Lizard Island (Queensland), Diasterope wirraka from Bass Strait (Victoria), and Cylindroleberis marranyin from Sandy Point (Victoria). This is the first record of species of Cylindroleberis and Diasterope from Australia, and the first record of a species of Parasterope from Queensland. Juvenile instars of species of Cylindroleberis are compared in order to assign appropriate stages to those of Cylindroleberis marranyin.

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TAYLOR, ANDREA C., JENNY MARSHALL GRAVES, NEIL D. MURRAY, STEPHEN J. O'BRIEN, N. YUHKI, and BILL SHERWIN. "Conservation genetics of the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus): low mitochondrial DNA variation amongst southern Australian populations." Genetical Research 69, no. 1 (February 1997): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672397002607.

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Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) populations in southern Australia have a history of bottlenecks – earlier this century the species became extinct in South Australia, and almost so in Victoria. Subsequently large numbers of animals from island populations (founded from very few animals) have been translocated back to mainland sites and to other islands in the region. As part of a larger study of the genetic structure of koala populations in southern Australia, we have undertaken a survey of mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (mtDNA-RFLP) variability. Genomic DNA from 91 koalas from five populations was examined using 23 restriction enzymes, and mtDNA fragments were detected using a domestic cat full-length mtDNA clone. Only one of the enzymes, TaqI, revealed polymorphism – a relatively low amount of variation compared with other mammals, although low mtDNA-RFLP variation has also been reported in Queensland koalas. French Island and populations established predominantly from French Island immigrant koalas, either directly or via other island populations, were indistinguishable by haplotype frequencies. The mtDNA data are thus consistent with the interpretation that the koala translocation programme has homogenized gene frequencies amongst those populations involved. South Gippsland is not recorded as having received translocated koalas directly, and has significantly different mtDNA-RFLP haplotype frequencies from all other populations examined. The fact that this distinction was not previously observed in nuclear gene frequencies may reflect predominantly male-mediated dispersal in koalas.

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15

Borner, Monica. "The rehabilitated chimpanzees of Rubondo Island." Oryx 19, no. 3 (July 1985): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003060530002531x.

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Between 1966 and 1969 17 chimpanzees, which had all been captured in the wild and had spent various amounts of time in European zoos, were released in Rubondo Island National Park in Lake Victoria, Tanzania. Now there is a healthy population of at least 20 chimpanzees, and it is likely that there is now a second generation of Rubondo-born animals. The author, who has been recording sightings of the chimpanzees since 1978, discusses this early rehabilitation experiment, sets it in the context of others and examines the problems of how best to cope with those animals that are confiscated while enforcing the laws prohibiting the capture of wild chimpanzees.

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Olson, Storrs L. "Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, Preying on Maritime Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia." Canadian Field-Naturalist 120, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i4.359.

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At 1053 hours on 23 July 2006 a Bald Eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus, was observed in flight transporting in its talons a live Maritime Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis pallidulus, at South Harbour (46°52'01.7"N, 60°26'45.8"W), Cape Breton Island, Victoria County, Nova Scotia.

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Collins, M., J. M. Cullen, and P. Dann. "Seasonal and annual foraging movements of little penguins from Phillip Island, Victoria." Wildlife Research 26, no. 6 (1999): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr98003.

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Little penguins, Eudyptula minor, from a breeding colony on Phillip Island, Victoria were radio-tracked at sea during incubation, chick-rearing and non-breeding periods from 1991 to 1993. Their locations, which we have assumed to reflect foraging movements, varied according to season and breeding activities, and there were marked differences from year to year. Duration and distance of trips ranged from single day-trips a few kilometres from Phillip Island, typically during the breeding season, to longer trips outside the breeding season up to 500 km away lasting more than a month, but 95% of all birds located were within 20 km of the coast. In the breeding season foraging trips averaged 4.4 days during incubation compared with 2.1 days when there were chicks in the nest; in the non-breeding period foraging trips took 5.2 days on average. The duration of trips for adults feeding chicks increased with the age of the chicks. Birds from nests on the north and south sides of Phillip Island differed in their use of areas close to the island, but showed a similar distribution on more distant trips. The location of foraging trips is discussed in relation to information on the abundance of prey species of fish within the foraging range of the birds.

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18

Paulin, C. "Review of the Australian fish family Arripididae (Percomorpha), with the description of a new species." Marine and Freshwater Research 44, no. 3 (1993): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9930459.

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The family Arripididae contains one genus, Arripis Jenyns, with four species endemic to areas within temperate Australian and New Zealand waters. A. georgianus (Valenciennes), found throughout cool temperate Australia, is identified by having more than 27 rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch. A. truttaceus (Cuvier), found in Western and South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania, has fewer than 17 rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch. A. trutta (Bloch & Schneider), found in eastern Australia, Victoria, Tasmania and New Zealand, has 20-24 rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch and a small caudal fin whose length is equal to or less than the length of the head. A. xylabion sp, nov., found in northern New Zealand, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and the Kermadec Islands, is identified by having 20-25 rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch and a large caudal fin whose length is longer than that of the head. A neotype is designated for A. trutta.

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Mitchell, PJ, R. Bilney, and RW Martin. "Population-Structure and Reproductive Status of Koalas on Raymond Island, Victoria." Wildlife Research 15, no. 5 (1988): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9880511.

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In December 1980, 87 adult (>1-year-old) koalas (36 males, 51 females) were captured and marked on Raymond Island, in the Gippsland Lakes of Victoria. A further 85 adults and 34 juveniles (6-12 months old) were sighted but not captured. In August 1985, 25 females and 24 males were captured and examined. The proportions of animals in the older age classes (age classes 4 and above) were 61% in 1980 and 39% in 1985, while the reproduction rates were 38 and 40%, respectively. The low reproduction rates, and the high proportions of older animals in 1980, were attributed to reproductive tract disease, although the presence of this disease did not prevent the population from increasing to a density at which trees were being overbrowsed.

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Tamayo, Maverick N., Rene Alfred Anton Bustamante, and Peter W. Fritsch. "Vaccinium exiguum (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae), a new species from the ultramafic summit of Mt. Victoria, Palawan Island, Philippines." PhytoKeys 179 (July 21, 2021): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.179.68323.

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Vaccinium exiguum from the ultramafic summit of Mt. Victoria, Palawan Island, Philippines is here described as a new species of Ericaceae. It closely resembles V. hamiguitanense but is distinct by having much shorter petioles and leaves, longer and glabrous calyx lobes with serrate lobe margins, a larger corolla with deeper sulcations, and longer stamens with spurs oriented laterally. Vaccinium exiguum represents the third Vaccinium species found on the Island of Palawan and 36th in the Philippines.

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Peros, Matthew C., and Konrad Gajewski. "Holocene climate and vegetation change on Victoria Island, western Canadian Arctic." Quaternary Science Reviews 27, no. 3-4 (February 2008): 235–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.09.002.

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Kantvilas, Gintaras, Cécile Gueidan, and Anders Tehler. "The strange case of Ocellomma rediuntum (Arthoniales: Roccellaceae) in Australia: a remarkably disjunct lichen." Lichenologist 52, no. 3 (May 2020): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282920000092.

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AbstractThe new combination Ocellomma rediuntum (Stizenb. ex Hasse) Kantvilas, Gueidan & Tehler is proposed, supported by morphological, anatomical and molecular data. Hitherto known only from the Californian coast, this species is here recorded for Kangaroo Island (South Australia), Victoria and Tasmania. It is described and illustrated from Australian collections. The ecology of the species and its remarkable distribution are discussed.

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Blakley, Barry R., Susan J. Kutz, Susan C. Tedesco, and Peter F. Flood. "TRACE MINERAL AND VITAMIN CONCENTRATIONS IN THE LIVER AND SERUM OF WILD MUSKOXEN FROM VICTORIA ISLAND." Journal of Wildlife Diseases 36, no. 2 (April 2000): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-36.2.301.

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Gunn, Anne, Frank L. Miller, and Bruce McLean. "Evidence for and possible causes of increased mortality of bull muskoxen during severe winters." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 5 (May 1, 1989): 1106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-157.

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Muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) were classified by sex and age at 12 locations on four islands in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Territories. We classified 147 muskoxen on Bailey Point, southwestern Melville Island, and 92 on northeastern Prince of Wales Island in August 1983. We subsequently classified 5449 muskoxen on western Victoria and Banks islands in July–August 1986, which we used as a basis for evaluating the 1983 samples. The pooled sex ratio for muskoxen ≥ 3 years old was significantly skewed toward females, and the proportion of single bulls was also lower on Bailey Point than on northeastern Prince of Wales Island in August 1983 or on Banks or Victoria islands in July–August 1986. Sexual behaviour was frequently observed at Bailey Point in August 1983, which suggests that both bulls and cows were in breeding condition. Almost no aggressive rutting behaviour was seen at Bailey Point, in contrast to observation of the complete range of sexual and aggressive behaviours on Prince of Wales Island. Above-average (1970–1985) snow depths were experienced from March to May in five of the six winters preceding winter 1982–1983. We suggest that severe winters imposed malnutrition-related mortality on spent bulls. The depleted fat reserves of these bulls apparently could not sustain them during severe and prolonged winters. This kind of winter mortality among breeding bulls likely is higher in areas of high muskox densities where more interactions between bulls during the rut lead to greater energetic costs.

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Baird, Bob, and Peter Dann. "The breeding biology of Hooded Plovers,Thinornis rubricollis, on Phillip Island, Victoria." Emu - Austral Ornithology 103, no. 4 (December 2003): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu02031.

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Colgan, Donald, Gregory Edgecombe, and Deirdre Sharkey. "Phylogeny and biogeography of the Australasian centipede Henicops (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha): A combined morphological and molecular approach." Insect Systematics & Evolution 37, no. 3 (2006): 241–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631206788838590.

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AbstractThe lithobiomorph centipede Henicops is widely distributed in Australia and New Zealand, with five described species, as well as two species in New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. Parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of ca. 800 aligned bases of sequence data from 16S rRNA and 28S rRNA were conducted on a dataset including multiple individuals of Henicops species from populations sampled from different parts of species' geographic ranges, together with the allied henicopines Lamyctes and Easonobius. Morphological characters are included in parsimony analyses. Molecular and combined datasets unite species from eastern Australia and New Zealand to the exclusion of species from Western Australia, New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island. The molecular data favour these two geographic groupings as clades, whereas inclusion of morphology resolves New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, southwest Western Australia and Queensland as successive sisters to southeastern Australia and New Zealand. The basal position of the Lord Howe Island species in the phylogeny favours a diversification of Australasian Henicops since the late Miocene unless the Lord Howe species originated in a biota that pre-dates the island. The molecular and combined data resolve the widespread morphospecies H. maculatus as paraphyletic, with its populations contributing to the geographic groupings New South Wales + New Zealand and Tasmania + Victoria.

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27

Stevens, Craig, Philip Sutton, Murray Smith, and Ralph Dickson. "Tidal flows in Te Aumiti (French Pass), South Island, New Zealand." New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 42, no. 4 (December 2008): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288330809509973.

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28

Messina, Andre, Neville G. Walsh, Susan E. Hoebee, and Peter T. Green. "A morphological assessment of the Olearia phlogopappa complex (Asteraceae: Astereae)." Australian Systematic Botany 26, no. 1 (2013): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb12026.

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A morphometric study of the Olearia phlogopappa species complex from throughout south-eastern Australia has confirmed species boundaries and resolved the infraspecific taxonomy of two species. It has shown O. phlogopappa (Labill.) DC., O. stellulata (Labill.) DC., O. lirata (Sims) Hutch., O. rugosa (F.Muell. ex W.Archer bis) Hutch. and O. brevipedunculata N.G.Walsh to be non-overlapping entities with unique morphological characters. O. stellulata is circumscribed to include only southern and western Tasmanian populations and those from the Otways and Wilsons Promontory in southern Victoria. O. rugosa is restricted to Victoria and a few isolated populations on Flinders Island and northern Tasmania. Four previously noted variants of O. rugosa from Victoria are here described as subspecies, along with the description of a fifth subspecies from northern Tasmania. Infraspecific boundaries of O. phlogopappa are here revised to include nine subspecies, six of which were previously included as varieties, and descriptions are made of three new subspecies.

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29

Archer, Stephen D. J., Ian R. McDonald, Craig W. Herbold, and Stephen C. Cary. "Characterisation of bacterioplankton communities in the meltwater ponds of Bratina Island, Victoria Land, Antarctica." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 89, no. 2 (June 17, 2014): 451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12358.

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30

Munks, S. "The Breeding biology of Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus on FLinders ISland, Bass Strait." Wildlife Research 22, no. 4 (1995): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9950521.

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Reproduction in Pseudocheirus peregrinus viverrinus in coastal teatree woodland on Flinders Island was seasonal. The main birth season was from May to August. The mean duration of lactation was 29 weeks. The duration of lactation for multiparous females that bred twice in a year was significantly shorter than that of multiparous single breeders. In general the young left the pouch during early spring and were fully weaned by the early summer months. In contrast to populations of P. peregrinus inhabiting similar woodland in Victoria only a few multiparous females (6-9%) gave birth to a second litter in the springlsummer months on Flinders Island. The mean litter size (1.84) and annual fecundity of the population (1.91 offspring per female) were lower than those reported for three populations of Pseudocheirus peregrinus in Victoria. It is suggested that the low occurrence of spring/summer births and low fecundity of P. p. viverrinus on Flinders Island may be related to the age and nutrient status of their coastal teatree forest habitat. The body mass of P. p. viverrinus was higher than previously recorded for P. peregrinus. The adult body mass of females ranged from 948 to 1082 g. Adults showed seasonal variation in body mass with most females losing weight during the late spring and summer months coincident with late lactation. It is proposed that the larger body size of P. p. viverrinus on Flinders Island is a result of release from predation pressure and/or interspecific competition.

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31

Hindell, MA, KA Handasyde, and AK Lee. "Tree Species Selection by Free-Ranging Koala Populations in Victoria." Wildlife Research 12, no. 2 (1985): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9850137.

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Tree species selection was studied in free-ranging populations of koalas [Phascolarctos cinereus] on Phillip Island and the Brisbane Ranges in Victoria. At both sites koalas were found mainly on Eucalyptus spp. but occasionally used Acacia spp. Although koalas occurred on most of the Eucalyptus spp. present, both populations showed preferences for one or two species, particularly E. viminalis. Individual koalas showed different preferences, but the majority preferred E. viminalis. Some occurred exclusively on other species even when E. viminalis was close by. Koalas also showed preference for individual trees within a species.

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32

Cristescu, Romane, Valma Cahill, William B. Sherwin, Kathrine Handasyde, Kris Carlyon, Desley Whisson, Catherine A. Herbert, Britt Louise J. Carlsson, Alan N. Wilton, and Des W. Cooper. "Inbreeding and testicular abnormalities in a bottlenecked population of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)." Wildlife Research 36, no. 4 (2009): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08010.

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Habitat destruction and fragmentation, interactions with introduced species or the relocation of animals to form new populations for conservation purposes may result in a multiplication of population bottlenecks. Examples are the translocations of koalas to French Island and its derivative Kangaroo Island population, with both populations established as insurance policies against koala extinction. In terms of population size, these conservation programs were success stories. However, the genetic story could be different. We conducted a genetic investigation of French and Kangaroo Island koalas by using 15 microsatellite markers, 11 of which are described here for the first time. The results confirm very low genetic diversity. French Island koalas have 3.8 alleles per locus and Kangaroo Island koalas 2.4. The present study found a 19% incidence of testicular abnormality in Kangaroo Island animals. Internal relatedness, an individual inbreeding coefficient, was not significantly different in koalas with testicular abnormalities from that in other males, suggesting the condition is not related to recent inbreeding. It could instead result from an unfortunate selection of founder individuals carrying alleles for testicular abnormalities, followed by a subsequent increase in these alleles’ frequencies through genetic drift and small population-related inefficiency of selection. Given the low diversity and possible high prevalence of deleterious alleles, the genetic viability of the population remains uncertain, despite its exponential growth so far. This stands as a warning to other introductions for conservation reasons.

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33

Cristescu, Romane, Valma Cahill, William B. Sherwin, Kathrine Handasyde, Kris Carlyon, Desley Whisson, Catherine A. Herbert, Britt Louise J. Carlsson, Alan N. Wilton, and Des W. Cooper. "Corrigendum to: Inbreeding and testicular abnormalities in a bottlenecked population of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)." Wildlife Research 39, no. 4 (2012): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08010_co.

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Анотація:

Habitat destruction and fragmentation, interactions with introduced species or the relocation of animals to form new populations for conservation purposes may result in a multiplication of population bottlenecks. Examples are the translocations of koalas to French Island and its derivative Kangaroo Island population, with both populations established as insurance policies against koala extinction. In terms of population size, these conservation programs were success stories. However, the genetic story could be different. We conducted a genetic investigation of French and Kangaroo Island koalas by using 15 microsatellite markers, 11 of which are described here for the first time. The results confirm very low genetic diversity. French Island koalas have 3.8 alleles per locus and Kangaroo Island koalas 2.4. The present study found a 19% incidence of testicular abnormality in Kangaroo Island animals. Internal relatedness, an individual inbreeding coefficient, was not significantly different in koalas with testicular abnormalities from that in other males, suggesting the condition is not related to recent inbreeding. It could instead result from an unfortunate selection of founder individuals carrying alleles for testicular abnormalities, followed by a subsequent increase in these alleles' frequencies through genetic drift and small population-related inefficiency of selection. Given the low diversity and possible high prevalence of deleterious alleles, the genetic viability of the population remains uncertain, despite its exponential growth so far. This stands as a warning to other introductions for conservation reasons.

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34

Whiffin, T., and PY Ladiges. "Patterns of variation and relationships in the Eucalyptus Alpina–E. baxteri complex (Myrtaceae) based on leaf volatile oils." Australian Systematic Botany 5, no. 6 (1992): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9920695.

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In the stringybark eucalypts, the baxteri clade consists of E. arenacea, from South Australia and northwestern Victoria, E. baxteri, mainly from the Great Dividing Range of Victoria, and E. alpina, an endemic taxon from the Grampian Ranges of Victoria. Populations of these taxa were sampled from across their geographic and morphological ranges. Phenetic and phylogenetic analyses were undertaken of the leaf volatile oil composition of the sampled plants. On the basis of these analyses, E. arenacea emerges as a cohesive, monophyletic species, while E. baxteri is a variable and probably paraphyletic species. Populations on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, are variable and intermediate, and may represent recent intergradation between the two species. Populations of E. baxteri from the Grampians are distinctive chemically, but not morphologically, within the species. Recent hybridisation between this form of E. baxteri and E. alpina was shown to be occuning within the Grampians. E. alpina is a highly variable taxon, and probably polyphyletic as currently recognised. Three distinct forms were recognised within E. alpina. The first, and most distinctive, is from the southern Serra Range; the second is from the northern Serra Range and Wonderland Range; the third, and most similar to E. baxteri, is from the Victoria Range.

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35

HOGAN, T. W. "The History of Economic Entomology in Victoria from the Time of Charles French." Australian Journal of Entomology 33, no. 3 (August 1994): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1994.tb01230.x.

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36

Mnaya, Bakari, Takashi Asaeda, Yustina Kiwango, and Elisamehe Ayubu. "Primary production in papyrus (Cyperus papyrus L.) of Rubondo Island, Lake Victoria, Tanzania." Wetlands Ecology and Management 15, no. 4 (January 13, 2007): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11273-006-9027-1.

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37

Hiruki, Lisa M., William G. Gilmartin, Brenda L. Becker, and Ian Stirling. "Wounding in Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-066.

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Injuries observed on endangered Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) at Laysan Island and French Frigate Shoals in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands in 1988 and 1989 were classified into six major types, based on the source of the wounds: mating attempts by adult male monk seals; nonmating aggressive interactions with other seals; attacks by large sharks; attacks by cookiecutter sharks (Isistius brasiliensis); contact with coral reef or debris; and entanglement in netting or marine debris. At both locations, injuries inflicted by adult male seals during mobbing incidents, in which many males attempt to mate with one seal, were seen more frequently than other types of injuries in 1988 and 1989. Injury data from 1982 – 1987 at Laysan Island and from 1985 – 1989 at French Frigate Shoals were used to compare the distribution of mating injuries inflicted by adult males and injuries inflicted by large sharks over size and sex classes of seals. Mating injuries caused by adult male seals were seen primarily on adult females but were also seen on seals in other size classes. Mating injuries inflicted by adult males occurred earlier in the year and with greater frequency at Laysan Island than at French Frigate Shoals. Injuries inflicted by large sharks were observed more often on adult male seals than on seals in other size classes at Laysan Island; however, no such difference was seen among size classes at French Frigate Shoals.

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38

Prewer, Erin, Susan Kutz, Lisa Marie Leclerc, and Christopher J. Kyle. "Already at the bottom? Demographic declines are unlikely further to undermine genetic diversity of a large Arctic ungulate: muskox, Ovibos moschatus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 129, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blz175.

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Abstract Low genetic diversity is associated with low fitness and evolutionary potential, yet the demographic and life-history traits of some species contribute to low genetic diversity, without empirical evidence of negative impacts on fitness. Modelling past and future trajectories of genetic diversity under different demographic scenarios can provide insight into how genetic variation might impact population fitness. The muskox is an Arctic species that has undergone multiple population bottlenecks and, although populations have rebounded repeatedly, two large populations have recently declined by > 50%. It is unclear how these demographic patterns influence muskox genetic diversity and fitness. We compared the genetic diversity of Canadian muskox populations undergoing opposing population trends. Genotyping 84 mainland and 244 Victoria Island individuals at ten microsatellite loci revealed low genetic variation (Victoria Island, mean allelic richness 1.66, expected heterozygosity 0.16; mainland, mean allelic richness 2.58, expected heterozygosity 0.41), with no evidence of further reductions in diversity subsequent to recent demographic declines. Bayesian modelling showed that a 1900s bottleneck contributed to the lack of diversity in contemporary populations, and forward-in-time simulations suggested little effect on genetic diversity over the next 100 years. Muskoxen might have reached a genetic diversity minimum, and additional research will be needed to determine their capacity to adapt to rapid changes in selective pressures in a rapidly changing Arctic.

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39

Chiaradia, A., P. Dann, R. Jessop, and P. Collins. "The diet of Crested Tern (Sterna bergii) chicks on Phillip Island, Victoria, Australia." Emu - Austral Ornithology 102, no. 4 (December 2002): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu02004.

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40

HUTSON, KATE S., and IAN D. WHITTINGTON. "Paradeontacylix godfreyi n. sp. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) from the heart of wild Seriola lalandi (Perciformes: Carangidae) in southern Australia." Zootaxa 1151, no. 1 (March 14, 2006): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1151.1.5.

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Paradeontacylix godfreyi n. sp. (Digenea: Sanguinicolidae) is described from the heart of wild yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833, collected near Port Augusta, northern Spencer Gulf, South Australia. One specimen of P. godfreyi was also collected from the heart of a single wild specimen of S. lalandi captured near Killarney, Victoria. Paradeontacylix godfreyi is distinguished from other species in the genus by a combination of morphological characters including the shape and number of posterior tegumental spines, the number of rows of tegumental spines along the ventral body margin, the maximum number of marginal tegumental spines per row, the number of testes and the extent of the testicular field. Comparisons are made with a Paradeontacylix sp. collected from the heart of wild Samson fish, S. hippos Günther, 1876 from Greenly Island, South Australia and from the heart of wild S. lalandi from Killarney, Victoria. We also document a new host record for P. sanguinicoloides McIntosh, 1934 from the heart of wild S. hippos from Greenly Island, South Australia. The importance of determining potential intermediate hosts for Paradeontacylix species in relation to South Australian S. lalandi aquaculture is discussed.

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41

MACKENZIE, MELANIE, and EMILY WHITFIELD. "An overview of the Australian psolid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Psolidae) with the description of 5 new species." Zootaxa 3037, no. 1 (September 21, 2011): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3037.1.2.

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Four new species of Psolus Oken from Australia are described: Psolus parantarcticus sp. nov. from Macquarie Island, Psolus salottii sp. nov. from South Australia and Macquarie Island, Psolus steuarti sp. nov. from Victoria, and Psolus springthorpei sp. nov. from Queensland. One new species of Psolidium Ludwig from Australia is described: Psolidium oloughlini sp. nov. from King Island. All Australian psolid species are included in the overview: Ceto cuvieria (Cuvier), Psolidium berentsae O’Loughlin & Maric, P. granuliferum H.L. Clark, P. hutchingsae O’Loughlin & Maric, P. karenae O’Loughlin & Maric, P. laperousazi O’Loughlin & Maric, P. marshae O’Loughlin & Maric, P. mccallumae O’Loughlin & Maric, P. minutum (H.L. Clark), P. nigrescens H.L. Clark, P. parmatum (Sluiter), P. ravum Hickman, P. spinuliferum (H.L. Clark), and Psolus antarcticus (Philippi). A key to the Australian species of Psolidae is provided.

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42

Baumgartner, Aly, and Daniel J. Peppe. "Paleoenvironmental changes in the Hiwegi Formation (lower Miocene) of Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 574 (July 2021): 110458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110458.

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43

Van De Vijver, Bart, Andy Van Kerckvoorde, and Louis Beyens. "Freshwater and terrestrial moss diatom assemblages of the Cambridge Bay area, Victoria Island (Nunavut, Canada)." Nova Hedwigia 76, no. 1-2 (February 1, 2003): 225–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0029-5035/2003/0076-0225.

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44

Howse, Lesley, and T. Max Friesen. "Technology, Taphonomy, and Seasonality: Understanding Differences between Dorset and Thule Subsistence Strategies at Iqaluktuuq, Victoria Island." ARCTIC 69, no. 5 (April 10, 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4640.

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This paper examines differences between Late Dorset and Thule Inuit subsistence economies at the Bell site on Victoria Island, Nunavut. This location is relatively unusual in the eastern Arctic region because local subsistence was based largely on caribou and fish, rather than the sea mammals that dominate in most other regions. For both periods, animal bone samples are quantified in terms of taxonomic frequencies, element (body part) distributions, seasonality, prey demography, and bone modifications such as cutting, burning, and gnawing. A comparison between the periods indicates many broad similarities in subsistence, but some subtle differences suggest that the Thule had a more focal and specialized economy, with a slightly different seasonal profile.

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45

Dufour, V., and R. Galzin. "Colonization patterns of reef fish larvae to the lagoon at Moorea Island, French Polynesia." Marine Ecology Progress Series 95 (1993): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps095143.

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46

Purcell, Jennifer E. "Predation on Fish Larvae and Eggs by the Hydromedusa Aequorea victoria at a Herring Spawning Ground in British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 8 (August 1, 1989): 1415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-181.

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The importance of soft-bodied zooplankton as predators of fish eggs and larvae was examined during March–June, 1983 in Kulleet Bay, Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The diet of the jellyfish Aequorea victoria was evaluated by gut content analysis of individually collected specimens. Crustacean zooplankters were eaten in lesser proportion, and larvaceans, fish larvae, hydromedusae, and siphonophores were eaten in greater proportion than their presence in the environment. Numerous herring larvae (Clupea harengus pallasi) were consumed, as well as the larvae of fishes in several other families (primarily Pleuronectidae, Cottidae, Scorpaenidae, Stichaeidae, Pholidae, and Gadidae), and the pelagic eggs of flatfish (Family Pleuronectidae). When herring larvae hatched in mid-March, A. victoria medusae in the bay contained an average of 22 herring larvae each, comprising 48% of all ingested prey. The predation rates on herring and other fish larvae were calculated from the numbers of larvae in A. victoria, the digestion times, and the field densities of medusae and larvae. Accordingly, 4 newly-hatched herring larvae∙m−3∙d−1 (0.7%∙d−1) were consumed by A. victoria but few were eaten after April 5–6. Predation on other fish larvae was [Formula: see text] larvae∙m−3∙d−1 during April 5 to May 3, but was not detectable in samples collected during May 9 to June 7. Other soft-bodied predators (ctenophores, chaetognaths, siphonophores, and other hydromedusae) contained few fish larvae.

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47

Williams, Mark L., Andrew N. Drinnan, and Neville G. Walsh. "Variation within Prostanthera spinosa (Lamiaceae): evidence from morphological and molecular studies." Australian Systematic Botany 19, no. 5 (2006): 467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb05032.

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Specimens of Prostanthera spinosa F. Muell. representing the geographic range of the taxon were examined for morphological and genetic variation within the species. Patterns of morphological variation were documented and the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting technique was used to assess the genetic relationships among plants from different populations. Morphological and molecular results were in broad agreement and supported distinct groups in both analyses. The differences detected warrant taxonomic recognition and three species are described representing geographically disjunct regions. Plants from the Grampians in Victoria, Eyre Peninsula, Flinders Ranges and Kangaroo Island in South Australia, group together and retain the name P. spinosa; plants from Mt Arapiles in Victoria are distinct and are recognised as a new species P. arapilensis; plants from the Fortis Creek National Park and adjacent areas in northern New South Wales are distinct and are identified as a new species, P. sejuncta.

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48

Lecchini, David, Yohei Nakamura, Makoto Tsuchiya, and René Galzin. "Spatiotemporal distribution of nocturnal coral reef fish juveniles in Moorea Island, French Polynesia." Ichthyological Research 54, no. 1 (February 24, 2007): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10228-006-0368-9.

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49

Lecchini, David, Frédéric Bertucci, Denis Schneider, Cecile Berthe, Camille Gache, Lily Fogg, Viliame Waqalevu, et al. "Assessment of ecological status of the lagoon of Bora-Bora Island (French Polynesia)." Regional Studies in Marine Science 43 (March 2021): 101687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101687.

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50

Petel, A. Marjolein van Polanen, Roger Kirkwood, Frank Gigliotti, and Clive Marks. "Adaptation and assessment of M-44 ejectors in a fox-control program on Phillip Island, Victoria." Wildlife Research 31, no. 2 (2004): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr02057.

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This study aimed to adapt M-44 ejectors for use in sandy soils and to assess the feasibility of incorporating the modified M-44s into a long-term fox-control program on Phillip Island, Victoria. M-44s were adapted by burying a plastic cylinder around them, which prevented sandy soil from collapsing and inhibiting the trigger mechanism, and at the same time orientated the fox's mouth vertically over the M-44 to maximise the dose of poison delivered. The fast-acting poison sodium cyanide was used to ensure the collection of fox bodies and any non-target animals. A fox was killed on 78.6% of occasions that an M-44 was triggered. No non-target species triggered M-44s, although rodents and birds occasionally ate the unpoisoned baits. The modified M-44 ejector technique accounted for 19% of foxes killed by all techniques during one year on Phillip Island. To assess whether M-44s were a worthwhile technique to include in the fox-control program on Phillip Island, we compared their catch per unit effort (number of foxes killed per 1000 person-hours) with other control techniques (spotlight shooting, treadle snaring and hunting with fox hounds). Deployment of M-44s with cyanide was labour intensive, due to safety considerations, and cyanide can be used only as a research tool. Future management use of the M-44s would be with sodium monofluoroacetate (1080), so an estimate was made of the catch per unit effort of M-44s with this poison. Results suggest that deployment of M-44s with 1080 is likely to be more time-effective than the other techniques.

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