Дисертації: "Ecological and pedagogical activity"

1

Myrvold, Hanna. "Förskolan - en plats för fysisk aktivitet : En kvalitativ studie om hur verksamma förskollärare på landsbygden arbetar med fysisk aktivitet." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-85273.

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Övervikt och fetma är ett växande problem i samhället. Med hjälp av fysiskaktivitet kan man arbeta för att förhindra detta. Förskolan är en viktig del iarbetet, eftersom en stor del av alla barn mellan 1-5 år är inskrivna i förskolanoch spenderar mycket av sin vakna tid där. Forskning visar att det råder delademeningar om hur upplevelsen av att bo och växa upp på landsbygden ser ut.Syftet med den här studien är att utifrån ett utvecklingsekologiskt perspektivstudera hur verksamma förskollärare på landsbygden beskriver hur arbetet medfysisk aktivitet formas. Kvalitativa intervjuer med förskollärare verksamma pålandsbygden har genomförts för att försöka svara på syftet och frågeställningen. Resultatet i studien presenterar utifrån de olika nivåerna i den utvecklingsekologiska modellen informanternas svar. Dessa visar att för att kunnaskapa förståelse för hur olika instanser i samhället samverkar för barnet sombefinner sig i mitten av modellen. Slutsatsen av studien visar att utifrån Bronfenbrenners modell formas platsen, barnens närmiljö, genom olika nivåer isamhället. De nivåer som presenterats i studien visar på hur viktig interaktionen mellan dessa är för att förstå och kunna skapa förutsättningar för barn iförskolan att utvecklas inom fysisk aktivitet.
Overweight and obesity are a growing problem in society. With the help ofphysical activity, one can work to prevent this. Preschool is an important partof the work, as a large proportion of all children between 1-5 years old areenrolled in preschool and spend much of their waking time there. Researchshows that there are divided opinions about what the experience of living andgrowing up in rural areas looks like. The purpose of this study is to studyfrom a developmental ecological perspective how active preschool teachersin rural areas describe how work with physical activity is formed. Qualitativeinterviews with preschool teachers working in rural areas have been conducted to try to answer the purpose and the question. The results of the studypresent the respondents' responses based on the different levels of the developmental ecological model. These show that in order to create an understanding of how different instances in society interact for the child who is in themiddle of the model. The conclusion of this study shows that based on Bronfenbrenner's model the place, the children's local environment, is formedthrough different levels of society. The different levels presented in this studyshows how important the interaction between these are. By understandingand being able to create the conditions for children in preschool to develop inphysical activity.

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Ivanova, Olena, and Kseniia Kugai. "Psychological peculiarities of pedagogical activity." Thesis, Таврійський державний агротехнологічний університет імені Дмитра Моторного, 2021. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18205.

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The purpose of the work is to study the psychological characteristics of pedagogical activity. Each of the teacher’s work spheres makes special requirements for his personal qualities, and therefore the success of pedagogical activity is largely due to the level of certain personal qualities development.

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Varughese, James. "The ICT pedagogic challenges and enablers of grade eight natural science and mathematics teachers in South African classrooms / Varughese J." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7286.

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In South Africa, Science and Technology Education faces many problems. Insufficient numbers of Science and Technology teachers, inadequate in–service training, large classes, instruction with the aim of narrowly orienting students towards examination passes an insufficient integration of technology in the curriculum, and insufficient physical infrastructure dominates the list. The Department of Education envisages the use of ICT as a tool for learning and teaching. ICT has the potential to improve the quality of education and training. If adequate resources are available, and teachers have confidence in the usefulness of ICTs, then the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) may improve the teaching and learning of Mathematics and Science. A review of the literature indicated that the deployment of ICT resources alone will not bring about desirable pedagogical practices in the classroom. There exists a need for interventions that will enhance ICT pedagogical practices in South Africa. The following main research questions were formulated: What are the ICT pedagogic practices used by grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers in South African classrooms? How do the barriers that grade 8 Mathematics and Science teachers encounter, as well as the support they receive, influence their pedagogical practices? What is the Principal’s role in promoting the emerging pedagogic practices using ICT in South African classrooms? This research comprises a secondary data analysis of the SITES 2006 South African data base. The population and sample for this study was based on the South African grade 8 Mathematics and Natural science teachers. In SITES 2006, the samples comprised more than 504 schools. Due to the fact that ICT is only significantly implemented in two out of nine provinces in South Africa, 25 strata were created to secure fair representation of the population with 666 Mathematics teachers and 622 Natural Science teachers. Bromfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and Engeström’s Activity Theory was used to investigate Natural Science and Mathematics teachers’ progress in their ICT pedagogical practices through the time–frame 2004 to 2013, as stipulated in the South Africa’s White paper on e–Education policy. Statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to address the research and sub–questions. The study found that South African Mathematics and Natural Science teachers’ level of ICT use is small; when they do use ICT, it is enhanced 21st century pedagogic practices. This is in accordance with findings from the international literature study.
Thesis (Ph.D. (Education))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

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4

Hardman, Joanne. "New technology, new pedagogy? : an activity theory analysis of pedagogical activity with computers." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10656.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 292-301).
This thesis addresses the question: how does pedagogy vary, if at all with the use of computers in four disadvantaged grade 6 mathematics classrooms in the Western Cape province of South Africa'? To address this question an exploratory multiple case study design allowed for the collection of data in the form of questionnaires interviews and, primarily classroom observations over the course of a year in four disadvantaged schools.

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5

Saenz, Daniel. "Ecological correlates of anuran breeding activity and community structure." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1575.

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Multiple ecological factors can simultaneously affect species activity and community structure. The goal of my dissertation was to examine the effects of abiotic factors, biotic factors, and succession on anuran communities. I took a three pronged approach dividing the study into three major chapters. First I focused on abiotic factors that affect anuran breeding activity. I found that weather, rainfall and temperature affect the breeding activity of each species differently, and species in my study area can be placed into 5 different groups based on their association with weather and season: 1) breed within a predictable season (summer) independent of local weather patterns 2) breed opportunistically within a predictable season (summer) dependent on local rainfall 3) breed opportunistically within a predictable season (winter) dependent on local temperature 4) breed opportunistically dependent on local flood level rainfall events and 5) breed opportunistically year round dependent on local temperature in the winter and local rainfall in the summer. In the second part of the study, I created a simulation model of an anuran community using published life history parameters of the anuran species in my study system. Results of the model suggest colonizing ability is important for species with low fecundity and high susceptibility to predation. These early succession species tend to be constrained from later stages of succession by predators. Species that are resistant to predators are generally poor colonizers and tend to arrive late in succession, but once they colonize a pond they tend to persist and recruit successfully. Finally, I explored biotic mechanisms that might be important in structuring anuran communities. I found that with the exception of Rana sphenocephala, anuran species occupying sites with shorter hydroperiods had higher activity rates and were more susceptible to predation. Rana sphenocephala appeared to be better at escaping predation than the other species despite a relatively high activity rate. Examination of published phylogenies indicates R. sphenocephala is derived from a species group that uses permanent water suggesting that R. sphenocephala has retained many anti-predator defenses inherited from its ancestors, even though the species now exploits sites with low predator densities.

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6

Dalmazzone, Silvana. "Economic activity and the resilience of ecological systems : complexity, nonlinearities and uncertainty in economic-ecological modelling." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311013.

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7

Smith, Hannah. "An ecological approach to increasing physical activity in primary school children." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2012. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/1883/.

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Obesity amongst children and young people is increasing, and it is predicted that over half of the UK population will be obese by 2050. Daily physical activity is effective in preventing and treating overweight and obesity, yet many children do not participate in enough physical activity to be beneficial to health. Behaviour change interventions to increase children‘s physical activity have demonstrated limited impact which is not maintained over the longer-term. The social ecology model recognises that interventions are unlikely to work in the absence of environmental supports. This has led researchers to recommend multi-component interventions in schools, with support through school policies and strategies. This research addresses four key research questions: 1. What are the relationships between the social, economic, physical and political elements of the school environment and physical activity? 2. What are the views, perceptions and experiences of physical activity and the school environment amongst a sample of primary school children? 3. Will an ecological physical activity intervention increase physical activity levels in primary school children in the immediate and longer term (6 months)? 4. Will an ecological intervention change the relationships between pupil perceptions, the school environment, and physical activity?

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Keeling, Jonathan Giles Matthew. "Ecological determinants of muntjac deer Muntiacus reevesi behaviour." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296650.

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9

Kirby, Joanne L. M. "Influences on young people's physical activity in Scotland : a socio-ecological approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58290/.

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Aim: I describe the original contribution my work has made to understanding individual, social and environmental influences on physical activity among young people in Scotland. The work I present is based on six publications from five studies. Design/Methodology/Approach: Two studies used quantitative methods and include a 5-year longitudinal study and a cross-sectional pupil and school-level study. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Three studies used qualitative methods including focus group discussions, photography and descriptive writing. All studies involved adolescents (10-15 years) attending schools in Scotland. Key Findings: My longitudinal evidence showed significant gender and developmental effects through early-mid adolescence, particularly at the primary-secondary school transition. While boys reported higher levels of physical activity than girls at all ages, baseline physical activity was a significant predictor of later activity levels for both genders. The importance of social influences was evident across my research. Survey data showed boys to report higher peer support, parental support and independent play than girls. Among both genders, peer, paternal and maternal support decreased with age, whereas independent play increased. Time spent with friends was particularly important and was further highlighted in qualitative findings. Being with friends was a benefit of active travel to school, walking, and general physical activity. Other factors influencing physical activity included proximity and access to local facilities, and the school environment. Most notable was the importance of cost and value for money. In general, pupils were satisfied with school facilities, but felt time for physical education (PE) could be increased. Among adolescent girls, survey data showed the best predictor of physical activity to be hours allocated to PE in fourth year of secondary school. Provision of PE and extra-curricular clubs are likely to be of greater importance to girls’ participation than schools facilities. Longitudinal data showed girls reporting lower levels of perceived competence, self-esteem and physical self-worth than boys at each age. Furthermore, girls’ physical perceptions decreased markedly over time, whereas among boys, only perceived competence decreased, while global esteem increased. Influences on physical activity participation were shown to be context specific, e.g. pupils reported not having bicycle storage as a barrier to cycling to school. Walking was a popular activity among girls, although areas in which walking took place, and reasons for walking could differ between geographical locations. Conclusions: In line with the socio-ecological model, my findings demonstrate the complex interaction of individual, social and environmental factors on physical activity participation among young people. They highlight the need for all sectors to work together in developing the most suitable interventions, considering the activity, its context and the population being targeted.

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10

Chen, Chun-Ming. "Understanding and changing physical activity behaviour in university students : an ecological perspective." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8112.

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Studies have highlighted the prevalence of sedentary behaviours in the university student population and have noted the significant potential for the promotion of physical activity in educational settings for young adults. Following the epidemiological procedure and ecological approach, the main purpose of this thesis focused on the university student population to review the previous research results by a systematic review method (first study), to compare the differences between UK and Taiwanese participants' and relevant effective variables by using a quantitative study method (second study), to have a deeper understanding of the Taiwanese university students' physical activity behaviours by using a qualitative study method (third study), then to evaluate the efficiency of designed interventions in university settings (fourth study). The whole thesis applied the ecological approach to classify the survey variables' effect to university students' physical activity behaviours. A total of 55 published papers were reviewed and majority of studies were conducted in the US using a cross-sectional design. Finding variables consistently related to university students physical activity level were female gender(-), attitude self-efficacy perceived barrier (-), family support (+), physical activity and sport history (+). These survey variables were more consistent in the literature and corresponded to previous adults' study. Some survey variables linked to university student were also found in the literature but still need more studies for this target population to come to a robust conclusion. Seven days recall design measurement and stage of changes survey for physical activity levels were more identified and have been more frequent using in the reviewed papers. Also, more studies on different ethnicity, environmental variables and intervention with different methodology such as qualitative study method are needed to enrich the knowledge of university's students' physical activity behaviours.

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11

Zakharchuk, I. A., and N. V. Karaeva. "The review of software for ecological and economical analyse of economic activity." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13660.

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12

Jeffers, Amy. "ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT AND TIME-VARYING FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH EATING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2931.

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The obesity epidemic is a significant problem in the United States. It is well established that lifestyle factors, such as unhealthy eating and physical inactivity, are key contributors. These causes are generally voluntary activities and it is important to examine health decision-making with respect to these behaviors. The current study examined time-varying factors of stress and mood and their relationship with healthy eating and physical activity in a sample of undergrads (N = 26). Ecological momentary assessment via one's cell phone was used to collect multiple measurements over six days. Positive mood was found to follow physical activity episodes for up to five hours, and preceded physical activity for up until five before the activity occurred. These results are consistent with those from previous literature, and suggest a clear association between positive mood and physical activity. Future research should incorporate more objective measures of physical activity and eating.

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13

Tashiro, Yasuko. "Ecological factors influencing primate abundance and feeding activity in the Kalinzu Forest, Uganda." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150383.

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14

Iwano, Taizo. "ON THE ECOLOGICAL NICHE AND NOCTURNAL ACTIVITY OF THE AYE-AYE (Daubentonia madagascariensis)." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/168811.

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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものである
Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
理学博士
乙第7532号
論理博第1143号
新制||理||740(附属図書館)
UT51-91-J349
(主査)教授西田利貞, 教授石田英実, 教授日高敏隆
学位規則第5条第2項該当

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15

Joens-Matre, Roxane Renee. "A social ecological analysis of physical activity promotion for overweight and normal weight youth." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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Moulton, Sarah N. "The Ecological Influences of Community Trail Use and Physical Activity Among Female Trail Users." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/563.

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Despite great effort to improve physical activity, little success has come to pass. Due to this, some researchers have shifted from individual approaches to promoting physical activity to multilevel environmental approaches. One of these multifaceted environmental approaches is through community trails. A small body of research has suggested that community trails may be a successful ecological approach to promoting physical activity. However, the research is minimal and inconsistent in supporting effectiveness of community trails for promoting physical activity. This study sought to examine ecological factors to learn if and how they might influence trail use among women. The ecological factors measured in this study were intrapersonal (age, time, race/ethnicity), sociocultural (income, education, social support), and physical environmental (cost, convenience, safety). A survey was conducted among 67 women using a community trail in St. George, Utah during the spring of 2008. Multiple linear regression models and Pearson correlations performed measured the predictive value of the ecological influences of physical activity, studied the relationship between community trail use and physical activity, and gained a clearer understanding of the characteristics of women trail users. Eighty-four percent of the sample reported using trails for physical activity and 74% reported since they began using trails, they participated in more physical activity. Physical activity and trail use were significantly and positively correlated. Convenience, outdoors and aesthetics were reported as motivators to use trails. Sixty-nine percent of the sample perceived the trail to be very convenient and convenience significantly predicted trail use. Convenience was also significantly and negatively correlated with the distance one traveled to the trail. The remaining ecological factors failed to predict trail use. Promoting community trail use among women who live within close proximity to trails may be an effective approach to reaching out to more people in an effort to promote physical activity. This conclusion is supported by the findings that women trail users were significantly likely to use trails regularly, participate in physical activity, and live within close proximity to trails. It is inconclusive what and how other ecological factors might influence community trail use among women.

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17

Cao, Yinghui. "MAPPING THE ECOLOGICAL INTERVIEW: GEOGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION FOR EXPLORING QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ACTIVITY SPACE DATA." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/88265.

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Geography
M.A.
There is ever greater recognition in the social and health sciences that neighborhood context should be incorporated in studying human behavior. In terms of analyzing urban human behavior, activity space data (i.e. data associated with an individual's home and routine activity locations) can offer diverse information. However, it is challenging to explore and interpret activity space data, which often involve qualitative and quantitative variables describing both the environment and people's travel-activities. This paper will present a prototype software environment to visualize qualitative and quantitative urban activity space data. A system is developed to visualize the data generated by the Ecological Interview, a method for collecting activity space data, social network data, and perception of place data. This application integrates data on adolescents' travel behaviors, as well as their individual, social and community resources, by mapping subjects' activity spaces using multiple visual attributes (e.g. symbolization, color). Users can investigate the activity space data through an interactive interface developed using a commercial GIS software package. The case studies show how the visualization assists in the exploratory studies of activity space data. The visualization can also be used in post-modeling analysis through in-depth investigation of the multiple attributes for the best-fit and worst-fit cases.
Temple University--Theses

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18

Hammack, Taleri Lynn. "Detecting Structure in Activity Sequences: Exploring the Hot Hand Phenomenon." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1440498768.

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19

Uys, Monika. "Socio-ecological influences on physical activity in primary school children: a view from South Africa." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16919.

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Includes bibliographical references
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity has increased substantially globally with a concurrent decline in both children's physical activity and fitness levels. The socio-ecological model proposes that health behaviour, such as physical activity, is influenced by multiple factors, at an individual, social and environmental level. However, there seems to be a lack of consensus in the current literature on the factors influencing physical activity in different settings (e.g. school, neighbourhood), and across a wide range of socio-economic conditions. To our knowledge, there are no data available on the role of different environmental factors (within the school and the neighbourhood environment) in relation to children's physical activity in a South African setting. Therefore, one of the key aims of this thesis was to assess the effectiveness of a novel intervention on fitness, measures of physical activity and factors that influence physical activity. Specifically, this thesis assessed the effectiveness of a school-based, curriculum-grounded, educator-focused intervention designed to increase physical activity and healthy eating in South African primary school students in low income settings, on fitness levels and physical activity related knowledge, attitudes and behaviour (Chapter 2). Additionally, this thesis examined factors within the school environment associated with observed physical activity in children during in-school break time, self-report activity, and moderate- to -vigorous, in-school objectively-measured activity (Chapter 3-5). Furthermore, this thesis assessed the influences of parental perceptions and the neighbourhood environment on children's physical activity (Chapter 6). The overarching aim of this thesis is to examine the association between environmental constructs (physical spatial and built environment, social environment, and policy environment) and children's physical activity.

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20

Dunn, Jacqueline. "Ecological Analysis of Physical Activity and Health-related Quality of Life in Female College Students." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103310/.

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Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a comprehensive construct including physical and psychosocial health functioning. Despite significant health benefits of regular physical activity (PA), over 40% of female college students do not meet recommended PA guidelines to improve their health. This study investigated the influences of individual, social, and physical environmental factors on students’ PA and HRQOL. Participants were 235 female university students who completed validated surveys assessing their perceptions of PA, HRQOL, and social ecological factors. Three hierarchical regressions revealed individual and physical environmental factors as predictors of PA and HRQOL. These findings indicated health professionals need to consider students’ individual factors and physical environmental factors to promote female students’ PA and HRQOL.

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Wedel, Elsa. "Ecosystem Services as a Pedagogical Perspective for Teaching the Importance of Biodiversity to High School Students." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148588.

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Reducing the rate at which biodiversity is presently being lost is one of the challenges for the coming years. Through diverse activities, humankind is currently responsible for the extinction of species worldwide, which has consequences for whole ecosystems. The preservation of biodiversity is not only important for its intrinsic values, but also for its role in maintaining the functioning of ecosystems that provide humans with services that are important for our well-being and safety. As it is a concern for all of humanity there is a demand for education that can develop in students an understanding of the complexity which lies behind the ecosystem services of which they benefit. Including how the disturbance of this complexity will lead to consequences for the whole human world. Current attempts to educate the public has failed to conjure motivation and interest. However, ecological network research create opportunity for understanding the underlying relationships between species, and the use of ecosystem services as a pedagogical perspective offers the possibility to demonstrate the importance of these relationships for ecosystem functioning. In this literature review it is examined how this could benefit environmental education in high school.

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Parnell, Samantha Helen Sylvia. "Social marketing for physical activity and health : encouraging patterns of physical activity in school children." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/29540.

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Physical inactivity is one of the major public health problems of the 21st Century. In England it is reported that two thirds of adults ( > 16 yr) and one third of children ( < 16 yr) do not do sufficient physical activity to gain the health benefits that leading a physically active lifestyle has to offer. The benefits of physical activity and dangers of a sedentary lifestyle to health outcomes are well documented and numerous studies have investigated physical activity participation. Indeed, many interventions have been trialled to increase engagement in physical activity; however results are weak and generally do not correlate to sustained physical activity participation. Furthermore, much debate exists on how best to encourage both children and adults alike to engage in sufficient physical activity to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this research was to address this important research gap and to assess the physical activity levels and other factors for promoting engagement in physical activity of school aged children in Devon aged 7-15 years in order to assess the feasibility of using social marketing within the school setting to increase sustained physical activity participation. A mixed methods approach was adopted to gather data and consisted of both quantitative and qualitative methods, in two phases. The initial phase was quantitative in nature and utilised a self-report survey based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) (Azjen, 1991) and social cognitive theory (SCT) (Bandura, 1977) to measure the participants’ physical activity levels; it also measured their beliefs and attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and self-efficacy pertaining to physical activity participation. The second phase utilised qualitative methods adopting the socio-ecological model (McLeroy et al., 1988) to identify opportunities to promote participation in physical activity in recognising the multiple factors (individual, social environment, physical environment and policy) that influence an individual’s behaviour. This phase consisted of a series of interviews with the students, teachers and head-teachers to enable the researcher to gain in depth information into physical activity patterns and beliefs. During phase two, ethnographic research was also conducted across a number of schools in Devon to complement and enhance the data collected in the survey. The results revealed that of the 1124 participants (‘students’) surveyed, 48% were not sufficiently active to meet the government guidelines. Males were 30% more active than females. Physical activity decreased with age (e.g. 15 yr olds on average taking part in 3 hours less activity than 7 yr olds). Lifestyle/recreational activities were the most regularly participated activities (e.g. walking – 52%, running – 31%, football – 29%, outdoor play – 28%). Moreover, attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of behavioural control affected physical activity participation both in and out of the school setting. Self-efficacy also played a role in physical activity participation. The results of the thesis show that interview and ethnographic data produced a rich source of evidence. Physical activity provision within schools played a major role in students’ physical activity. Overwhelmingly the qualitative data revealed that students want greater choice in the physical activities they participate in and suggest that the focus of PE lessons should be on having fun and enjoyment rather than skills and rules. Transition from primary to secondary school affected physical activity participation and therefore experiences in schools, may affect children’s general views on physical activity which it is suggested may impact on physical activity participation beyond the school gates and also in adulthood. This thesis provides substantial evidence to support the link between the school environment and participation in physical activity in children and adolescents. More specifically it highlights a need to incorporate a ‘whole school approach’ to physical activity participation. This research has demonstrated that there is an urgent need to combine theory based physical activity research in schools with that of social marketing. Physical activity researchers and social marketers should combine their knowledge to bring together social marketing campaigns within schools to enhance the health and wellbeing of the whole school environment for both staff and students. An innovative school based social marketing campaign should encourage physical activity both within and outside the school environment and lead to sustained levels of physical activity participation across the life stages.

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23

Carey, Stacie C. "Examining Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity for Middle-Aged and Older Adults Using an Ecological Framework." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20321.

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This investigation, comprising two studies, examined the number of barriers to physical activity (Study 1) and barrier strength (Study 2) reported by middle-aged and older adults using a social ecological framework (McLeroy et al., 1988). Researchers were interested in assessing age group (45-54; 55-64; 65-74 yrs) by physical activity group (active, less active) effects for barrier responses using analyses of variance. In Study 1, 180 participants completed a physical activity level survey (Godin & Shephard, 1985) and answered open-ended questions about barriers. Results indicated that 45-54 yr-olds reported more barriers overall, and more intrapersonal barriers than older groups. Less active 45-54 yr-olds reported more organizational-interpersonal barriers than the other groups. Descriptive analyses of coded themes demonstrated that common intrapersonal barrier sub-themes cited by younger adults related to family commitments, while sub-themes reported by middle-aged and older adults related to having a health problem or an injury. In the organizational-interpersonal category, the most common barrier sub-theme related to the workplace. In Study 2, 116 participants completed a survey assessing weekly physical activity and barrier strength for items pertaining to ecological categories and barrier sub-factors. Results showed that less active adults reported each of intrapersonal, interpersonal, and physical environment barriers more strongly than active adults, irrespective of age; the intrapersonal category was relatively the most constraining for our participants. In terms of barrier sub-factors, results showed that significantly higher barrier strength scores are most often associated with physical activity level (i.e., less active), and only occasionally associated with age group. The overall investigation can provide valuable information for improving physical activity interventions for middle-aged and older adults.

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24

Finn, Fia. "Variation in behavior and the success of an invasive species : Comparison of sociability and activity between four populations of the Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in the Baltic Sea." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61811.

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25

Edler, Melissa. "A comparative analysis of hippocampus size and ecological factors in primates." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1184945831.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2007.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed March 27, 2008). Advisor: Chet C. Sherwood. Keywords: hippocampus, spatial memory, diet, habitat, home range, activity pattern, primate, independent contrast. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-89).

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26

Cameron, Christine. "Individual, social, and environmental factors associated with physical activity and walking." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/15145.

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Background: Participation in physical activity (PA) is influenced by a multitude of factors. Traditionally, research has focused on several theoretical frameworks focusing on the individual ; however, they do not necessarily take into consideration other influencing factors such as the social environment or the physical or built environment. As such, a comprehensive socio-ecological model considering a multiplicity of factors is useful in explaining behaviour. Aims: To 1) assess the prevalence of the individual level correlates and their association with PA and walking; 2) assess the prevalence of environmental determinants and neighbourhood characteristics and the association between these and PA and walking behaviours; 3) explore within a comprehensive and socio-ecological approach, the contribution of the individual, social, and environmental factors in predicting PA and walking. Methods: The studies used in this thesis are national, random-digit dialling telephone-based surveys of a representative population sample within Canada. All research questions and procedures underwent ethics review at York University. The studies incorporated a two-stage probability selection process to select a survey respondent, and included a number of standard self-report measures across the data collection cycles. PA and all-domain walking were measured using the telephone-administered, short International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the neighbourhood environment was measured using an abbreviated version of the Neighbourhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS), and individual factors such as knowledge about amount of PA required for guidelines, beliefs about the benefits of PA, self-efficacy, intention, and initial behaviour changes. Walking for transport was measured through the Physical Activity Monitor and walking for recreation were measured through an adapted version of the Minnesota Leisure-Time PA questionnaire (for the 2007 collection only). Complex sampling methods were required to take into account stratification by province or territory within Canada. Complex samples cross-tabulation procedures were used to calculate the prevalence estimates of Canadians meeting the PA and walking guidelines and 95% confidence intervals. The relationship between factors predicting sufficient activity and sufficient walking were examined using complex samples logistic regression procedures that were reflect the sample design. This thesis explored associations and the relative strength of the factors as the independent measures predicting sufficient PA and sufficient walking as the dependent measures, using age, sex, and education as covariates for each of these models. Chapter Six expands this model by including walking for recreation and transportation, and examining sub-population groups. Results: Individual factors (e.g., self-efficacy, intention, and some trial behaviours) and social factors were associated with sufficient PA and certain types of walking. Relatively few environmental factors were associated with sufficient walking (all domain and domain-specific) or sufficient PA. The relationship between high density neighbourhoods and higher rates of walking (generally and specific), and the availability of supportive walking facilities with various modes of walking were evident. Proximity of many shops and the presence of sidewalks were associated with the highest quartile of walking for transport. A greater number of the individual factors predicted walking and PA compared to the environmental/neighbourhood factors, within the context of a full socio-ecological model. Findings differed when stratified by age and sex of respondents. Conclusions: The results suggest that individual factors may be more relevant for predicting activity and walking than environmental factors, or at least should be considered in their inter-relationship with environmental factors when developing environment-based interventions. Although the inter-relationship between individual factors, social factors and the built environment are important, understanding individual factors are critical for determining strategies and interventions to promote PA among certain populations with traditionally lower levels of activity. Findings suggest that within countries like Canada, with a relative abundance of supportive environments, more specific and detailed measures of the perceived and objective physical environment may be required in order to achieve sufficient variation.

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LePage, Marie Louise. "Exercise and Eating Disordered Beliefs and Behaviors: A Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1308140826.

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28

Velasco, Fernández Raúl. "The pattern of socio-ecological systems. A focus on energy, human activity, value added and material products." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/457589.

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Esta tesis trata del desarrollo de herramientas analíticas dentro de un innovador marco teórico con el objetivo de generar datos cuantitativos más útiles en relación al análisis de la sostenibilidad. En particular, el enfoque metodológico explorado quiere integrar la información cuantitativa referente a diferentes dimensiones de análisis (económico, demográfico, social, biofísico y ambiental), así como diferentes escalas (macro-regional, regional y nacional) y diferentes niveles (el total de la economía, sus sectores y subsectores). Como se analiza en detalle en el capítulo 3, cada vez es más evidente que el análisis biofísico ha de ser más holístico. Asimismo, tiene que ser capaz de contextualizar y dar sentido a las evaluaciones cuantitativas concretas que produce. Los indicadores agregados que se refieren a toda la economía o los coeficientes técnicos específicos que describen procesos individuales, no son coherentes entre sí, y cuando se usan aisladamente no proporcionan información confiable sobre el funcionamiento de la economía. El innovador marco teórico utilizado para esta investigación es el Análisis Integrado Multiescalar del Metabolismo Societal y Ecosistémico (MuSIASEM de sus siglas en inglés), el cual permite desarrollar un análisis cuantitativo relacional capaz de manejar múltiples escalas y dimensiones, tal como se requiere para abordar temas de sostenibilidad. El objetivo de este método (y el de mis exploraciones) ha sido la identificación de los factores más relevantes que deben considerarse para estudiar el comportamiento del patrón metabólico de las sociedades modernas. Mi investigación se inicia con una aplicación básica de los métodos de MuSIASEM, comparando los cambios de las economías de China e India durante el período entre 1971 y 2010 (Capítulo 2). Adoptando un procedimiento ya establecido, este análisis se basa en datos referentes a la energía (medida en equivalente de energía bruta requerida), el valor añadido y la actividad humana en tres niveles de análisis: (i) la sociedad en conjunto; (ii) el sector del trabajo remunerado frente al de los hogares, y (iii) el conjunto de sectores económicos compuestos por la agricultura, la industria y los servicios. Este análisis sirvió para identificar relevantes factores que afectaron los patrones metabólicos de estos dos grandes países: su estructura demográfica, el nivel de capitalización de sus diferentes sectores o los distintos efectos que estas capitalizaciones generaron sobre el nivel de vida material en los hogares. Posteriormente, se desarrolla un nuevo protocolo de análisis capaz de contabilizar diferentes tipos de energía según sus distintas cualidades. Esto fue requerido dada la insatisfactoria contabilidad de los indicadores biofísicos existentes (Capítulo 3). La contabilidad de "energía" ya no se realiza en Julios de energía bruta, sino utilizando diferentes categorías de "Julios" que se refieren a distintos vectores energéticos (electricidad, combustibles y calor de proceso). Con el fin de aplicar el nuevo protocolo, se realiza un gran estudio de caso considerando el patrón metabólico de los países europeos (UE27 + Noruega). Asimismo, este análisis se lleva a cabo a través de diferentes escalas, llegando a distinguir hasta 13 subsectores dentro del sector de la Manufactura y la Construcción (Capítulo 4). Finalmente, la última exploración de las potencialidades del enfoque está relacionada con un intento de incluir la contabilidad de flujos de materiales, empezando por el análisis de los productos producidos y el nivel de importaciones y exportaciones de un subsector del sector industrial (Capítulo 5). El análisis demuestra que este enfoque puede utilizarse eficazmente para: (i) identificar categorías relevantes de los procesos de producción que tienen lugar a niveles inferiores del de subsector, y (ii) caracterizar el nivel de apertura de los subsectores (el grado de externalización a otros sistemas socio-ecológicos). Este último análisis se realiza para 22 países de la UE.
This thesis is about the development of analytical tools within an innovative theoretical framework, with the goal of generating more useful quantitative data in relation to the analysis of sustainability. In particular, the methodological approach explored here wants to integrate quantitative information referring to different dimensions of analysis (economic, demographic, social, biophysical and environmental), different scales (macro-regional, regional and national) and different levels of analysis (whole economy, economic sectors and subsectors). As discussed in detail in Chapter 3, it is becoming more and more evident that biophysical analysis has to become more holistic. It has to be capable of contextualizing and giving meaning to the individual quantitative assessments it produces. Aggregate indicators referring to the whole economy or to specific technical coefficients describing individual processes are not coherent with each other and when used in isolation do not provide reliable information about the performance of the economy. The innovative theoretical framework I used for my exploration is the Multi-Scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism (MuSIASEM), which allows developing a quantitative relational analysis capable of dealing with multiple scales and dimensions, as required for dealing with sustainability issues. The goal of the method (and of my explorations) has been the identification of the relevant factors that have to be considered in order to study the performance of the metabolic pattern of modern societies. My research started – Chapter 2 - with a basic application of MuSIASEM’s methods to compare the changes in the performance of the economies of China and India in the period between 1971 and 2010. Adopting the established accounting procedure, this analysis was based on data referring to energy (measured in gross energy requirement), value added and human activity at three levels of analysis: (i) average society; (ii) paid work vs. households, and (iii) the set of economic sectors made up of agriculture, industry and services. This analysis identified relevant factors affecting the metabolic patterns of these two big countries: their demographic structure, the level of capitalization of their different sectors or the different effects that this capitalization generated on the material standard of living in the household sector. Afterwards, I developed a new protocol of analysis able to keep the accounting of energy forms of different qualities separate. This was required by the unsatisfactory situation with existing biophysical indicators of performance (Chapter 3). The accounting of “energy” was no longer done in Joules of gross energy requirement, but using different categories of “Joules” referring to different energy carriers (electricity, fuels and process heat). In order to apply the new protocol across different scales, it was applied to a large case study, by considering the metabolic pattern of European countries (EU27 + Norway). Moreover, this analysis was carried out across many levels, arriving to distinguish up to 13 subsectors inside the Manufacturing and Construction sector (Chapter 4). Finally, the last exploration of the potentialities of the approach was related to an attempt to include material flow accounting, starting with the analysis of the products produced and the level of imports and exports of a subsector of the industrial sector (Chapter 5). The analysis shows that the approach can be effectively used to: (i) identify relevant categories of production processes taking place at lower levels than subsectors, and (ii) characterize the level of openness of the subsectors (the degree of externalization to other socio-ecological systems). This last analysis was carried out for EU22 countries.

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Lee, Lok-chun Janet, and 李樂真. "The effects of socio-economic status on physical activity participation in Hong Kong adolescents: asocial ecological approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47849812.

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Motivations: Socio-economic status (SES) is a major source of health disparities. Those who lived in resource-deficient social and physical environments and with low individual income have been found to be at increased risk of physical inactivity. In Hong Kong there is virtually no research on the effect of SES on adolescent physical activity (PA). It is therefore important to explore the SES differentials in PA among Hong Kong adolescents and identify the mechanisms underlying such differentials. It is also important to examine the extent to which SES acts as a moderator and mediator of associations between various potential determinants of adolescent PA. Methods: A hundred eighty-one adolescents aged 12-18 were recruited in the study. This study applied an ecological framework to study the SES effects on adolescents’ PA participation. Physical activity was measured both objectively using accelerometers and subjectively using self-reports. Individual, social and school environment factors were assessed by validated self-report measures. Neighborhood built environmental factors were assessed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. Individual-level SES was based on parents’ report of monthly household income, while area-level SES was based on census data on median household income of selected study neighborhoods. Generalized linear models with robust standard errors were used to assess associations of individual, social and environmental factors with adolescents’ PA. They were also used to assess the moderating of SES and mediators of SES-PA relationships. Results: The results supported the hypothesis that individual, social and environmental factors would all contribute to the explanation of adolescents’ PA. Moderation analyses showed that the PA level of adolescents living in low SES areas might have been negatively affected by the presence of steep streets in the neighborhood environment and the lack of sports facilities. These effects were not observed in adolescents living in high SES areas. In contrast, only adolescents living in high-SES areas showed positive associations of school-based social support and school PA-related environment with PA. Mediation analyses showed that SES differences in adolescents PA participation could be explained by social support from family and access to sports/recreational facilities in/around the school. Significance: The current findings would imply that environmental interventions at the neighborhood level might benefit low-SES groups of adolescents as they seem to be more influenced by aspects of the neighborhood environment. By contrast, high-SES adolescents might be more reactive to school-based environmental interventions. To narrow the SES gap in PA participation among Hong Kong adolescents, interventions should encourage low-SES families to provide more support to their children by widening the available range of opportunities for PA, encouraging their children to participate in PA, and acting as role models. The findings from this study also suggest that the provision of more PA facilities in/around school neighborhood in low-SES areas could contribute to increasing PA participation among the adolescent population of such areas and, thus, narrow the gap between high- and low-SES groups of adolescents.
published_or_final_version
Human Performance
Master
Master of Philosophy

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30

McDonnell, Lisa A. "Using a social ecological model to identify physical activity correlates in breast cancer survivors: A quantitative study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27271.

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In the breast cancer population to date, theoretical approaches and intervention strategies used to promote physical activity (PA) have relied upon intrapersonal (e.g., attitudes) and interpersonal (e.g., subjective norms) variables to understand PA behaviors. Unfortunately, these studies were limited by not looking at variables beyond the individual and their social support networks. Using a social ecological framework, this study examined correlates of PA among breast cancer survivors (BCS') from a multilevel perspective that assessed correlates at the intrapersonal (task and barrier self-efficacy---SE), interspersonal (social support), institutional (health care climate) and community (accessibility to home exercise equipment and neighborhood facilities) levels of influence. Fifty BCS' were recruited and assessed over a period of one month. Assessments included self-report questionnaires to assess the social ecological correlates for PA, a resting energy expenditure test to obtain basal metabolic rate, a DEXA san to obtain percentage of total body fat and accelcrometry to objectively assess total and average daily energy expenditure (EE). Quantitative findings revealed that barrier self-efficacy was a significant correlate of total EE (r = .290, p = .043) and daily EE (r = .315, p = .029) among BCS'. Specifically, do not feel like it, was a significant correlate for total energy expenditure (r = .316, p = .027), and no time (r = .345, p = .018), feeling under the weather (r = .364, p = .011) and do not feel like it (r = .315, p = .029) were significant correlates of average energy expenditure per day. A non-significant relationship between PA and the other levels of the social ecological model was found. Based on these preliminary findings, further investigation into the use of different variables at the social ecological levels of influence is warranted. The findings at the intrapersonal level have practical implications in that a barrier self-efficacy scale specific to breast cancer should be developed to include the specific side effects that breast cancer treatments cause. Such a scale can assist in identifying the targets for PA program development by highlighting the issues that are of greater importance to breast cancer patients. In terms of a PA intervention, SE as it relates to time constraints, not feeling well and a lack of will power should be addressed. For example, behavioral counseling that targets the specific issues of the BCS could be incorporated into the PA intervention, whereby the counselor assists the BCS with the identification of coping strategies to overcome various barriers specific to PA.

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McMillan, Clarence E. "An Ecological Approach to African American Adolescent Food Choices in Low Income Neighborhoods." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2006.

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Childhood obesity remains prevalent among African American (AA) adolescents in low income neighborhoods with limited access to a variety of foods from stores. Guided by the ecological framework, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of neighborhood stores on food choices, and physical activity among AA adolescents in a low income neighborhood. A quantitative research design with cross sectional primary and secondary surveys was used. Participants included 176 high school students and 42 store merchants. Data sources were the 2011 New Jersey Student Health Survey with core questions from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Hmong Food Store Survey. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample characteristics and food store food variety and cost. Inferential statistics were used in analyzing the association between the dependent variable (grade level, age, or gender) and the independent variables, food choices and physical activity level, and to test for hypotheses. The findings revealed there were no significant associations between grade level, age, or gender and food choices, or physical activity level. Food variety reported as MyPlate food items were low for adolescents who shopped at small grocery and convenience stores as compared to those who shopped at supermarket and large grocery stores. Average cost differed by, MyPlate food groups and store type. Convenience stores had the lowest costs for fruits, grains, and protein, and highest for diary, reflecting the lack of variety in the mix of foods used to calculate costs. This study demonstrated the need for policy change at the community that will benefit disadvantaged AA adolescents in low income neighborhoods and improve access to a variety of food choices for purchase that are nutritious and affordable.

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Smith, Lindsey Rachel. "The role of the TGfU pedagogical approach in promoting physical activity levels during physical education lessons and beyond." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/134975.

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The study was designed to initially determine levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) occurring during physical education in 11-12 year olds using appropriate objective methods. Subsequently, the potential of a pedagogical method; ‘teaching games for understanding’ to increase PA levels and self determined motivation during PE lessons, and habitual physical activity during leisure time was examined. The most reliable and valid PA measurement tool for the chosen age group was the RT3 ® triaxial accelerometer. PA levels during PE lessons fell short of the recommended 50% (20 minute) criterion, with children accumulating 16.4 ± 2.3 minutes (44.9 ± 5.6%) of mean MVPA during lesson time. Seven day habitual activity monitoring revealed that time spent in MVPA on a PE day was significantly higher (P <0.05) than on a weekend day. This study also highlighted that on non PE days the lack of PE-related activity was not compensated by engagement in other activity. An investigation into the effects of a 12 week TGfU pedagogical strategy on MVPA and elements of Self Determination Theory during PE lessons revealed that boys assigned to the intervention displayed significantly higher (P <0.01) levels of MVPA, and significantly higher levels of autonomy (P < 0.05) post-intervention versus the control group. In addition, a non significant trend for an increase in habitual PA for boys assigned to the intervention lessons was revealed. No significant differences were displayed in the constructs of the TPB pre-post intervention and no significant benefits of TGfU were noted for girls. The reported increases in MVPA and levels of autonomy during PE lessons in boys using a TGfU approach are novel and promising. However it is suggested that future research incorporates such strategies in a health-promoting PE environment in addition to the traditional skills-based activities. This may have potential in enhancing MVPA during PE in girls and boys, and may promote greater transference to habitual physical activity levels. The potential for self determined environments positively impacting upon motivation and intentions to be physically active both during and outside of PE lessons warrants further exploration but over longer time periods.

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Cengiz, Cevdet. "Effects Of A Social-ecological Intervention On Physical Activity Knowledge Level And Behaviors Of Students In Rural Settings." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613371/index.pdf.

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This study examined the effects of social-ecological intervention on physical activity (PA) knowledge level and behaviors of rural middle school students. A pre-test post-test control group design was constructed. In addition, qualitative data was collected by focus group discussions after the post-test in experimental group. Two schools from similar rural settings were identified as experimental and control schools. In total 62 students from 6, 7, 8 grades of these schools participated in this study. Experimental school PA environment was changed based on the social-ecological model (SEM) with a focus on intrapersonal, interpersonal, community level, organizational factors, and public policies related with PA. Turkish version of health related fitness (HRF) knowledge test, v pedometer, exercise stages of change, PA self-efficacy, social support, and PA enjoyment questionnaires were used to gather information for the dependent variables for the present study. A focus group discussion was implemented in experimental school. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used for the numerical data analysis. Focus group transcriptions were analyzed by content analysis method. According to HRF knowledge and PA analysis, experimental school students significantly improved their HRF knowledge scores, PA levels, social support compared to the control group students (p<
0.05). Focus groups results supported the quantitative findings. In conclusion, this study indicated the value of SEM in improving the health related fitness knowledge, PA level and social support of students in rural context. Improving the rural school context for PA promotion by SEM is strongly recommended.

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Shields, Andrew, Darrell J. Dr Moore, and Thomas C. Dr Jones. "Anticipation vs. opportunism: a test of an ecological hypothesis regarding the diel distribution of locomotor activity in spiders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/4.

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Circadian rhythms are ubiquitous among eukaryotic organisms and have evolved several times independently which strongly suggests that the presence of a biological clock is adaptive. A prevailing, though relatively untested, hypothesis is that having an internal clock allows organisms to anticipate daily changes in the environment and physiologically and/or behaviorally prepare for them. Locomotor activity is commonly interpreted as an indicator of neurological arousal, and, thus, is a useful indicator in studies of circadian rhythm. We have observed that some species of spiders exhibit a tight and predictable band of activity at a particular time of day, while in other species activity is more spread out through the day. Such patterns tend to continue, or are exaggerated, under conditions of constant darkness. We hypothesize that these predators with tight activity bands are ‘circadian specialists’ using their internal clocks to focus their attention in the narrow temporal window when prey are available to them. On the other hand, the species with broader activity bands are employing a ‘circadian generalist’ strategy, and are able to be more opportunistic with temporally unpredictable prey. Some support of this hypothesis comes from the observation that species that forage only at night tend to have tighter bands of locomotor activity than those species which forage continuously day and night. In this study we present a simulation model that supports this idea that a tight distribution of neurological alertness is advantageous when prey is predictable, but an evenly clumped distribution of alertness is favored when prey are unpredictable. We also tested the abilities of four nocturnal spider species to opportunistically respond to an unexpected period of darkness. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that in the predicted circadian specialist species activity could not be elicited with unexpected darkness at any time of day, while the predicted circadian generalist showed activity in mid and late day. In two species intermediate on the specialist-generalist scale we only elicited activity in late day. This work represents a test of a novel hypothesis regarding the adaptiveness of circadian rhythms.

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Lenhart, Clare M. "AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC CROSS-SECTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF MODERATE-TO-VIGOROUS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN 4TH, 6TH AND 8TH GRADE STUDENTS." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/175904.

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Public Health
Ph.D.
Contemporary American youth fail to meet national recommendations for physical activity at alarmingly high rates despite well-established protective effects of physical activity on multiple domains of health. There is an established pattern of disparity in physical activity participation whereby girls, those of lower socioeconomic status and those of African American and Hispanic backgrounds are less apt to report regular physical activity in keeping with national recommendations. Large scale investigations to increase the proportion of highly active youth have yet to realize widespread success. In light of emerging evidence suggesting physical activity levels may begin to decline earlier than previously thought, there is a possibility that research and intervention efforts to date may have approached the problem of declining activity after the risk behavior of inactivity had already been established. Despite numerous investigations into factors associated with physical activity in youth, many questions remain unanswered. Among the considerations that are not well understood is when physical activity levels begin to decline for at-risk subgroups of youth and what modifiable individual, interpersonal and/or environmental-level factors are associated with remaining highly active in these populations. This ecologically-based cross-sectional study represents an initial step toward addressing these considerations among elementary and middle school students. Self-reported primary data were collected from a convenience sample of 321 public school students from the 4th, 6th and 8th grade. Students represent the racial/ethnic and socio-economic groups at greatest risk of not meeting national recommendations for physical activity. Study questionnaires queried a range of factors believed to be associated with physical activity, such as availability of social support, self-efficacy for activity, and perceptions of environmental attributes. In addition, two separate physical activity outcome measures were assessed. Factors associated with physical activity at the univariate level (p>0.2) were included in forward stepwise binary regression models to predict reporting of high physical activity. A significant decrease in the proportion of highly active girls was noted between the 4th and 6th grade groups while the proportion of highly active boys did not differ significantly between grade levels. Among 6th and 8th grade students, the difference in physical activity between genders was significant with males reporting more physical activity than females in each grade level. Distinct variables were associated with highly active students in each grade- and gender-specific regression model. After controlling for all other included variables, high social support was most strongly associated with reporting of high activity among girls while for boys in this sample, perceived normal weight status was the strongest predictor of high activity. Among all students, use of daily active transport to school was also strongly associated with reporting of high physical activity. Future investigations involving younger students and utilizing enhanced, longitudinal designs may provide greater insight into the preliminary findings reported in this study.
Temple University--Theses

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36

Jusevičiūtė, Genė. "Studentų socialinis aktyvumas: Vilniaus pedagoginio universiteto atvejis." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20070816_172529-51287.

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Šiame darbe nagrinėjamas studentų socialinis aktyvumas Vilniaus pedagoginiame universitete,aptariama studentų aktyvumo įtaka socializacijos procesams,akcentuojant vertybes bei socialinius vaidmenis. Siekiant išsiaiškinti studentų socialinio aktyvumo ypatumus buvo atliktas kokybinis tyrimas pasirinkta Vilniaus pedagoginio universiteto 20 respondentų ,atstovaujančius pirmos pakopos, bakalauro studijas, I ir III kurso gamtos mokslų fakulteto,pedagogikos ir psichologijos fakulteto,socialinių mokslų fakulteto studentai.Manoma,jog toks grupavimas leidžia labiau išryškint vyraujančių nuomonių kontūrus. Atliktas tyrimas atskleidė,kad Vilniaus pedagoginio universiteto studentai ne visi yra socialiai aktyvus. Pagrindinis sunkumas su kuriuo susiduria studentai,yra problematiška derinti studijas su darbu (nes dauguma studentų dirbantys), taip pat lėšų trūkumas įvairiai veiklai organizuoti.Bendras jaunimo organizacijų tikslas - kūrybingos,laisvos asmenybės ugdymas sudarant sąlygas savikūrai ir jos skatinimui.Būdamas socialiai aktyvus studentas formuoja bendrąžmogiškas vertybes bei ruošiasi tapti būsimu mokytoju ir demokratiškos visuomenės piliečiu. Tyrime pastebėta,kad studentus labiau jaudina sveikata,pragyvenimas,darbas,sunki materealinė padėtis,tai parodo menką domėjimasį pasauliu,visuomeniniais reikalais,aukštosios mokyklos problemomis. Dabartinėje sudėtingoje socialinių ekonominių pertvarkymo situacijoje svarbią reikšmę turi jaunimas,ypač... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
This paper analyses social activity of students in Vilnius Pedagogical University, discusses influence of student activity on socialization processes underlining values and social roles. In order to learn about peculiarities of social activity of students, a qualitative research was made by selecting 20 respondents involved in the first-stage, bachelor, studies at Vilnius Pedagogical University: 1st and 3rd year students from the Faculty of Natural Sciences, the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology and the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is assumed that such sampling allows to outline dominating opinions. The research revealed that not all students of Vilnius Pedagogical University are socially active. Main difficulties encountered by students are problems related to combination of work and studies (because most of the students work), as well as the lack of funds for various activities. A shared aim of youth organisations is to foster creative, free individuals by creating conditions for self-growth and its encouragement. A socially active student shapes values of humanity and is preparing to become a future teacher and a citizen of our democratic society. The research showed that students are more concerned about their health, subsistence, work, tough financial situation; it shows lack of interest in the world, in public issues and in problems of the higher education establishment. The youth, especially students, plays an important role in the current... [to full text]

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Mukaruzima, Lela. "Development of a policy brief to facilitate the implementation of the physical activity/sports policy in Rwanda." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6537.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The importance of health enhancing physical activity participation (HEPA) has always been emphasized globally, as one of the means to reduce the risk of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) occurrence. In Africa, it is more relevant currently, due to the growing burden of NCDs that is coupled with the existing encumbrance of communicable diseases. In Rwanda, specifically, there are limited national strategies to promote health-enhancing physical activity. Consequently, the level of physical activity among Rwandans, especially government office workers, is likely to diminish, which could possibly be attributed to the rapid urbanization that comes with lifestyle changes. Basically, most people tend to abandon the traditional labour-intensive activities, which are associated with high energy expenditure, to more sedentary activities. Therefore, the need to promote health enhancing physical activity participation is crucial. Physical activity participation is an intricate and multifaceted behaviour that may not be viewed from a linear perspective. This current study adopted a socio-ecological framework to assess the factors that influence Leisure Time Physical Activity (LTPA) among government employees in Kigali City. The study used an exploratory, sequential, mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative designs, in order to comprehensively explore and understand the research problem. Qualitatively, a Case study and exploratory design was used to collect data, specifically from the Rwanda Sport Policy and its implementing stakeholders. Quantitatively, a cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to assess and describe the levels of LTPA among government workers in Kigali City, as well as highlight the various factors that influence, or limit, their participation.

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Iida, Eriko. "Behavioral and ecological studies of bush hyraxes (Heterohyrax brucei) in miombo woodland, Ugalla area, western Tanzania." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/200487.

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Онучко, Анастасія Олегівна, та Anastasiia Olehivna Onuchko. "Марія Едуардівна Донець-Тессейр: життєвий та творчий шлях". Master's thesis, СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2020. http://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/9625.

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У магістерській роботі висвітлено життєвий шлях Марії Донець-Тессейр, а також розкрито виконавські та педагогічні грані творчого портрету української оперної співачки початку ХХ століття. Робота містить аналіз принципів та методів педагогічної діяльності Марії Донець-Тессейр, а також конкретизація значення української вокальної школи в професійному становленні Марії Донець-Тессейр та жанрових і стильових особливостей арії Джильди в виконанні Марії Донець-Тессейр.
The master's thesis highlights the life of Maria Donets-Tesseir, as well as reveals the performing and pedagogical aspects of the creative portrait of the Ukrainian opera singer of the early twentieth century. The master's thesis contains an analysis of the principles and methods of pedagogical activity of Maria Donets-Tesseir, as well as concretization of the importance of the Ukrainian vocal school in the professional development of Maria Donets-Tesseir and genre and stylistic features of Gilda's aria performed by Maria Donets-Tesseir.

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Fransson, Mikaela, and Katarina Romanus. ""Jag försöker vara flexibel, men..." : En kvalitativ studie om förskollärares arbete med undervisning utifrån läroplanen på förskolans gård." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-45605.

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The aim of this study is to examine how preschool teachers conduct teaching in the preschool yard and how they implement the preschool curriculum. The idea behind this study is based on the idea that outdoor activity should be a place where children have the right to teaching and education as well as free play. Our research questions are: How do preschool teachers interpret and incorporate outdoor activity in the curriculum? Which of the elements of the curriculum are implemented in outdoor activities? How is the outdoor environment and its materials used educating preschool children in the preschool yard? To collect the empirical data, we have chosen to use qualitative interviews that we analyzed from thematic analysis, curriculum theory and framework factor theory. The results of this study show that since the preschool curriculum is an interpretable control document the preschool teachers highlights different parts from it to implement in the yard. All of the teachers taught natural science outdoors. The results of the study suggest that learning in this environment provides the ideal setting for spontaneous curiosity and discovery as well as planned learning outcomes. Physical activity was another topic implemented at most preschools. The results also show that varying framework factors affect the preschool teachers' work. The number of children spending time together in the same setting is a critical factor affecting education and learning in the preschool yard. Another is time for reflection and planning and collaboration between different groups at the preschool. Even the design of the yard was a factor that affects the outcome and possibilities of education and teaching. Furthermore, the results implied that although free play was widely acknowledged as valuable time in the preschool yard most preschool teachers felt limited and dissatisfied with the teaching and education carried out in there.

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Santos, Ligia Nicacio. "O despertar do ser sensível: educação ecológica e complexidade." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2524.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ligia Nicacio Santos.pdf: 1328282 bytes, checksum: 171ddea17bef52c4b39e765d93ed3225 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-24
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Understanding Man under a transdisciplinary perspective, the study aims to understand the role of environmental education in human, civic and especially manifold human beings, making them able to think the complex world in a responsible and sustainable way. To this end, we sought to develop a transdisciplinary research based on authors who work the land and human issues from now and ecological education as a transformation tool, such as Edgar Morin, Francisco Gutierrez, Humberto Maturana, Francisco Varela and Moacir Gadotti. The work begins with a preamble in which it demonstrates the emergence of life on the planet, to elucidates need to think the planet as a living and autonomous entity and the relationships within it as multiple and complex. From this understanding, the work is divided into three parts, the first focused on the definitions and concepts that are focused on the socio-ecological crisis sweeping the planet today, sustainability and environmental education within a global framework of complexity. The second part is located in the preparation of the analysis of Eco-pedagogical experiments conducted by the researcher in the year 2011, the Unified Educational Center (CEU) Pêra Marmelo, and finally, the third part of the study closes, bringing the final considerations and pointing the necessary paradigm shift for education that we believe is responsible for the change in attitude and way of seeing and acting in the world today
Compreendendo o Homem sob uma perspectiva transdisciplinar, o estudo tem como objetivo principal entender o papel da educação ecológica na formação humana, cidadã e, sobretudo, multíplice dos seres humanos, tornando-os capazes de pensar o mundo complexo de forma responsável e sustentável. Para tal, buscouse elaborar uma pesquisa transdisciplinar baseada em autores que trabalham as questões terrestres e humanas da atualidade e a educação ecológica como ferramenta de transformação, como Edgar Morin, Francisco Gutierrez, Humberto Maturana, Francisco Varela e Moacir Gadotti. O trabalho inicia-se com um preâmbulo em que se demonstra o surgimento da vida no planeta, elucida-se a necessidade de se pensar o planeta como uma entidade viva e autônoma e as relações dentro dele como múltiplas e complexas. A partir deste entendimento, o trabalho divide-se em três partes, sendo a primeira focada nas definições e conceitos que se voltam à crise socioecológica que assola o planeta hoje, a sustentabilidade e a educação ecológica dentro de um quadro de complexidade mundial. Na segunda parte, situa-se a elaboração da análise das experiências Ecopedagógicas realizadas pela pesquisadora no ano de 2011, no Centro Educacional Unificado (CEU) Pêra Marmelo, e, por fim, a terceira parte fecha o estudo, trazendo as considerações finais e apontando a necessária mudança de paradigma para que a educação que acreditamos seja responsável pela mudança de postura e forma de enxergar e agir no mundo atual

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Razanaparany, Tojotanjona Patrick. "Ecological Flexibility of the Common Brown Lemur (Eulemur fulvus) and Its Conservation in the Dry Deciduous Forest in Northwestern Madagascar." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263766.

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Johnson, Sherèè Johnson. "Income, Education, Age, and Physical Activity Among Physically Disabled African American Women." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4298.

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This study was designed to identify possible risk factors about physical activity in middle-aged disabled African American women (AAW) aged 45 to 64 years. Disabled middle-aged AAW has a disproportionate prevalence of obesity and chronic illness than nondisabled women. Most disabled middle-aged AAW leads a sedentary lifestyle, and they do not meet the recommended physical activity (PA) guidelines. Little is known about this group, and a social ecological model was used to explain PA patterns. Data were extracted from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 1,599) for women who responded yes to indicate that they needed specialized equipment. This cross-sectional quantitative study used univariate and multivariate analysis to assess the relationship between age, education, and income among middle-aged disabled AAW. A general linear model revealed younger disabled AAW (ages 45 to 54) engaged in more physical activity time per week than did their older counterparts (estimate = 76.012, p = .001). Individuals with less education reported more minutes of physical activity than college graduates (estimate = 142.522, p = .001). Respondents with annual incomes from $35,000-$49,999 (estimate = 184.590, p = .000) were more physically active than their more affluent counterparts. Smoking, demographic variables, and emotional well-being did not affect minutes of moderate physical activity. This research may contribute to positive social change by suggesting that programs intended to increase physical activity among disabled AAW be targeted toward those who are older, are more educated, and have higher incomes.

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Riley, Dana L. "A Social Ecological Approach to Understanding Physical Activity. A Mixed Methods Exploration of the Individual, Family and Neighbourhood Characteristics That Influence Physical Activity Among Family Heart Health: Randomized, Controlled Trial Participants." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22946.

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Study 1 - Individual - The purpose was to determine whether a 12-week behavioural risk reduction intervention caused self-reported MVPA to increase and to identify associated Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) constructs. Three hundred twenty-four physically inactive (<150 minutes/week moderate-vigorous PA) participants were included. Intervention participants were significantly more likely to meet PA guidelines at 12-weeks (OR=3.54, 95% CI 2.22-5.63, p<.001), which was significantly correlated with increases in TPB constructs. // Study 2 - Family - Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 36 participants to elicit perceptions of factors that influence PA. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, coded and analyzed. Spouses were more likely to engage in PA with their spouse after the CHD event; however this may be limited by their partners’ capabilities. The data suggests awareness of an increased susceptibility to CHD is not stimulating participants to increase their own PA to prevent future risk, particularly among offspring, but they may take other actions. The shared family environment can promote PA, although intensity may be limited. // Study 3 - Neighbourhood - Self-reported PA from a prospective behavioural risk reduction intervention was explored in the context of objectively measured Walk Scores and neighbourhood walkability in Ottawa, Canada. Participants in the intervention arm had significantly higher odds of meeting PA guidelines at 12-weeks compared to the standard care control group. This was not influenced by Walk Scores or walkability. This individual-level intervention was effective in assisting participants to overcome potential structural barriers presented by their neighbourhood to meet PA guidelines at 12-weeks.

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Quick, Virginia, Jennifer Martin-Biggers, Gayle Povis, Nobuko Hongu, John Worobey, and Carol Byrd-Bredbenner. "A Socio-Ecological Examination of Weight-Related Characteristics of the Home Environment and Lifestyles of Households with Young Children." MDPI AG, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624973.

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Home environment and family lifestyle practices have an influence on child obesity risk, thereby making it critical to systematically examine these factors. Thus, parents (n = 489) of preschool children completed a cross-sectional online survey which was the baseline data collection conducted, before randomization, in the HomeStyles program. The survey comprehensively assessed these factors using a socio-ecological approach, incorporating intrapersonal, interpersonal and environmental measures. Healthy intrapersonal dietary behaviors identified were parent and child intakes of recommended amounts of 100% juice and low intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages. Unhealthy behaviors included low milk intake and high parent fat intake. The home environment's food supply was found to support healthy intakes of 100% juice and sugar-sweetened beverages, but provided too little milk and ample quantities of salty/fatty snacks. Physical activity levels, sedentary activity and the home's physical activity and media environment were found to be less than ideal. Environmental supports for active play inside homes were moderate and somewhat better in the area immediately outside homes and in the neighborhood. Family interpersonal interaction measures revealed several positive behaviors, including frequent family meals. Parents had considerable self-efficacy in their ability to perform food-and physical activity-related childhood obesity protective practices. This study identified lifestyle practices and home environment characteristics that health educators could target to help parents promote optimal child development and lower their children's risk for obesity.

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Allert, Hannah, and Anne-Merethe Lund. "Förskolebarns möjlighet till fysisk aktivitet inomhus : En kvalitativ studie om förskolepedagogers uppfattningar." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34558.

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Swedish children are growing up in an increasingly physically inactive society, even though research shows the positive effects of physical activity (Wikland 2013, p. 40). Children spends most of their days in preschools, which means a great responsibility for preschools and its teachers as they affect children's opportunities for physical activity. The purpose of the study is to examine how preschool teachers perceive the work with children's physical activity indoors. In our study, we have assumed phenomenography, whose purpose is to describe people's different perceptions of phenomena (Alexandersson 1994, p. 112). To collect empirical data, we have conducted interviews with six teachers at three different preschools. This study results and analysis showed that there are different perceptions of the teachers about the work with the children's physical activity indoors. The study showed that all teachers perceived that physical activity is important for children, but they expressed different views about the work on this. The overall perceptions were that they planned and enabled the movement activities indoors with different purposes or that they worked with physical activity when the children expressed a need for this. Another view was that children should not be physically active indoors, because this was something they could vent outdoors. The teachers perceived that there were several factors that influenced their work including knowledge, facilities, furnishings, noise, their own and colleagues' approach and preschool educational focus.

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Grainger, Clemson Hannah. "The social drama of a learning experience : how is drama appropriated as a pedagogical toolkit in secondary classrooms?" Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0d142ed9-9fe3-4185-86bc-05fc01d22582.

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The thesis presents a qualitative study which examines teachers’ and pupils’ experiences of drama tasks in secondary school subject lessons other than Drama, where the tasks are incorporated in pursuit of curriculum-defined teaching and learning goals. I take a cultural-historical perspective in my analysis, interrogating the possibilities for meaningful appropriations of drama as a pedagogical toolkit by examining social interaction and communication within the cultural context of the classroom and how these practices may have developed over time. Set in four secondary school classrooms in the UK, the study focused on the experiences of teachers, (who are not trained drama specialists), and their pupils as they undertook drama tasks as part of curriculum lessons. I carried out a series of lesson observations, supplemented by interviews with participants. Using Cultural Historical Activity Theory (Cole 1996, Engeström 1987, Engeström 1999) as a heuristic tool, I created an analytical framework that explored the tensions between communicative tools, rules of the classroom space, and teacher-pupil and peer relations. This theoretical stance appreciates both the dynamic nature of classrooms and the possibilities for pedagogies of choice. The emphasis on tool-mediated action offers a fresh perspective in that it creates a structured and detailed framework for exploring the subtle and complex process of empathetic thought. This study reveals some of the ways in which tensions occur and existing and historically-embedded cultural practices are brought to the surface, and reinforced or challenged. I provide extracts from the data to illustrate a concern for an assessment-driven acquisition of curriculum content is a particular constraint, along with varying opportunities for both teacher and pupils to construct a framework for spontaneous in-role action within the dramatic form. The appropriation of communicative tools, although influential in achieving goals, does not always preclude emotional investment in the tasks. Although there are shifts from teacher authority to increased pupil decision-making, the way in which the teacher and pupils operate in these drama tasks reveals as much about the established and reinforced learning and social practices of the classroom, as the way these practices are changed. The research considers how drama as a pedagogical toolkit has developed historically, and it reveals implications for future study and practice relating to the understanding of drama-as-toolkit within formal educational settings.

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Mendonça, Marta. "Developing teaching and learning in Mozambican higher education : a study of the pedagogical development process at Eduardo Mondlane University." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskapernas och matematikens didaktik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-93954.

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This thesis analyses the implementation of a student-centred learning approach at the Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), in the context of the current curricular reform. The main objective of the thesis is to gain understanding of the implementation of a student-centred learning approach and how the innovation is related to the acquisition of teachers’ pedagogical competence at the above mentioned university. A sociocultural approach and more specifically Cultural Historical Activity Theory is used as a theoretical framework given that it provides a view of learning as a context based social activity. A qualitative approach based on document analysis, classroom observations and semi-structured interviews with different actors in the process of teaching, learning and teacher training was used. The findings of the three studies carried out and presented in four articles in the thesis show that the lecturers do not feel ownership of the curriculum reform introducing the new pedagogical approach, and revealed a conflict of interests in the process of implementation of the reform. Students appear to be unclear about the significance of the new approach and they cannot judge if it is correctly implemented. Contextual factors such as a high number of students in the classroom, poor infrastructure and inadequate access to educational resources also affect the students’ performance in their learning. The university teachers expressed a need for training and the creation of adequate material conditions in order to be able to apply the innovations. However, signs of positive attitudes towards this approach were also revealed by the informants, which demonstrates the existing potential of the reform. It was found that the role of the teacher is crucial in making students active, motivated and self-regulated. Moreover, the students’ active learning depends on several factors, such as contextual, social and psychological aspects of the process. In relation to the acquisition of teachers’ pedagogical competence, a comparative study of the official documents of Eduardo Mondlane University and Umeå University explicitly shows a focus on the development of pedagogical competence for all categories of teachers. However, due to significant differences in historical pre-conditions, cultural contexts and educational artefacts the findings revealed many differences in the corresponding collective activity systems. In conclusion, the thesis indicates that the implementation of student-centred learning at UEM depends on the availability of good educational infrastructure and also the development of human resources. Furthermore, less hierarchical communication at the university could accelerate the process.

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Vaičytė-Tipelienė, Dinara. "Profesinio pervargimo apraiškos logopedo profesinėje veikloje." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110804_080908-32567.

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Profesinis pervargimas gali būti apibrėžiamas kaip daugiaplanis konstruktas, negatyvių psichologinių išgyvenimų rinkinys, susijęs su ilgai trunkančiais ir intensyviais, pasižyminčiais emociniu turtingumu ar kognityviniu sudėtingumu tarpasmeniniais santykiais, asmeninio įsitraukimo, darbingumo sumažėjimu, emociniu išsekimu, nusišalinimu ir sumažėjusiu darbingumu ir psichosomatinėmis reakcijomis ir kt. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti logopedų patiriamo profesinio pervargimo apraiškas profesinėje veikloje, atskleidžiant požymius, galimas priežastis ir naudojamas valdymo strategijas. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) Išanalizuoti mokslinę literatūrą, siekiant atskleisti pagrindines logopedų profesinio pervargimo priežastis. 2) Išsiaiškinti pagrindinius profesinio pervargimo požymius logopedo profesinėje veikloje; 3) Nustatyti, kokia dalis dalyvavusių respondentų apklausoje naudoja racionalius valdymo ir pervargimo profilaktikos būdus; 4) Atskleisti profesinio pervargimo ir logopedžių sociodemografinių rodiklių sąsajas. Taikyti tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, apklausa raštu. Darbe analizuojama 114 klausimynų duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai leidžia teigti, jog logopedams nėra būdingi depersonalizacijos, t. y. nusišalinimo nuo savo veiklos elgesys. Vertinant darbingumo kaitą veikiant, akcentuotina tai, jog logopedams sunku bendraujant su žmonėmis sumažinti įtampą ir adekvačiai susidoroti su emocinėmis problemomis. Vertinant profesinio pasirinkimo ir atsidavimo veiklai tendencijas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
Professional exhaustion can be defined as a multi-dimensional construct, a set of negative psychological experiences associated with long-lasting and intensive, characterized by a richness of emotional or cognitive complexity of interpersonal relationships, personal engagement, capacity reduction, emotional exhaustion, detachment, and reduced work capacity and psychosomatic reactions and so on. Objective of the study - to analyze manifestations of exhaustion experienced by speech therapists in professional working life by revealing signs of the possible causes and management strategies used. The tasks were: 1) to analyze the scientific literature, in order to reveal the main reasons in the occurrence of professional exhaustion activities (causes, symptoms, management techniques, etc.), 2) to identify the key features of professional exhaustion and the occurrence of their symptoms in professional activity of speech therapist, and 3) to analyze the possible causes of professional exhaustion in relationship with the supervisor, colleagues and customers, 4) to set the management and prevention methods for professional exhaustion that speech therapists use, 5) to reveal the relationship between professional exhaustion and socio-demographical characteristics of speech therapists (age, seniority, health assessment, and others). Research methods: literature analysis, survey writing, and questionnaire- the research instrument prepared by the author of this thesis. In this paper there... [to full text]

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Batista, Silvia Cristina Freitas. "M-learnmat : modelo pedagógico para atividades de m-learning em matemática." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/48916.

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Анотація:

M-learning (mobile learning) é o campo de pesquisa que investiga como os dispositivos móveis podem contribuir para a aprendizagem. Na presente tese é proposto o M-learnMat, um modelo pedagógico para atividades de m-learning em Matemática. O mesmo tem por objetivo orientar práticas educativas que envolvam o uso (não exclusivo) de dispositivos móveis no Ensino Superior e é fundamentado na Teoria da Atividade. Nessa teoria, o foco está nas atividades que os indivíduos desenvolvem e nas relações diversas que decorrem destas. Assim, o modelo tem seu diferencial no fato de relacionar m-learning, Matemática do Ensino Superior e Teoria da Atividade, visando contribuir para a organização, desenvolvimento e análise de atividades pedagógicas. Para a elaboração do M-learnMat, além da revisão bibliográfica, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória e um estudo de caso piloto. Essas ações forneceram dados que permitiram compreender melhor algumas questões relacionadas ao uso educacional de celulares. Para a experimentação do modelo foram organizados dois estudos de caso com alunos do Ensino Superior. Os mesmos ocorreram durante o primeiro semestre letivo de 2011, na disciplina de Cálculo I, com utilização dos celulares dos próprios alunos. Para a coleta e análise dos dados foi promovida uma pesquisa mista, envolvendo abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas, em função das características dos dados. A experimentação sinalizou que o M-learnMat tem potencial para orientar as atividades a que se destina, colaborando para que as mesmas sejam desenvolvidas segundo estratégias definidas.
M-learning (mobile learning) is a field of research that investigates how mobile devices can contribute to learning. This thesis presents M-learnMat, a pedagogical model for m-learning Math activities. This model, developed with support of the Activity Theory, aims at orienting educational practices that involve the use (non-exclusive) of mobile devices in graduation courses. The Activity Theory focuses on the activities developed by individuals and in the various relationships resulting from them. Thus, the model is distinctive as it comprises m-learning, Mathematics and the Activity Theory with the purpose of contributing to the organization, development and analysis of pedagogical activities. Besides the literature review, the development of M-learnMat included exploratory research and a pilot case study. These actions provided data that allowed for a better understanding of some issues related to the educational use of cell phones. For model experimentation, two case studies were carried with college level students. These took place in the first semester of 2011, in Calculus I, in which students used their cell phones. For data collection, a mixed methods research (quantitative and qualitative) was used due to the characteristics of the data. The experimentation indicated that M-learnMat has the potential to guide activities, and collaborate for their application according to defined strategies.

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Дисертації з теми "Ecological and pedagogical activity"

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