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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 вересня 2023

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1

Luo, Hui, Wei Wei Wu, Tao Xie, Le Peng Zhong, and Nai Chang Yuan. "Design of a Novel EBG Structure for Antenna Arrays." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 1125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.1125.

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Анотація:

EBG structures can greatly reduce mutual coupling effects between patch antennas by suppressing surface wave propagation in a specified frequency range. A two-annular rectangular slot EBG structure is proposed and its performance is analyzed. HFSS simulation results show that mutual coupling loss in a 2x2 patches system is reduced appreciably (10dB in the work frequency band 19.6~22GHz (K/Ka band)) compared with antenna without EBG structures. What’s more, the side effects on other performances, like reflection parameter and bandwidth, are so little that can be neglected. With this EBG structure loaded in antenna array, the systematic performance can also be improved.

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2

Ouassal, Hassna, Jafar Shaker, Langis Roy, Khelifa Hettak, and Reza Chaharmir. "Line Defect-Layered EBG Waveguides in Dielectric Substrates." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2018 (June 4, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3469730.

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A dielectric-based multilayer structure composed of U-shaped rings (ML-UR) is used to develop a class of novel electromagnetic band gap (EBG) slab waveguide. The structure has two band gaps that narrow down as dielectric constant is increased. The EBG slab waveguide is created by embedding a single-layer line defect inside the 3D crystal of the EBG slab guide. Unlike our previously published foam-based EBG structure, the use of dielectric spacer in the EBG waveguides offers significant advantages in terms of overall size, structure reliability, and design flexibility. The waveguide structures reported in this paper are designed to operate at X-band (8–12 GHz) while being fed by coplanar-slotline transitions. Prototypes were fabricated and characterized experimentally. The insertion loss decreases by decreasing the number of full lattices of ML-UR surrounding the channels. The proposed waveguide has potential in microwave components such as directional couplers, phase shifters, and antenna array feeding networks.

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3

Azarbar, A., and J. Ghalibafan. "A Compact Low-Permittivity Dual-Layer EBG Structure for Mutual Coupling Reduction." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/237454.

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Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structures can help in the reduction of mutual coupling by their capabilities of suppressing surface wave's propagation in a specific frequency range. In this work, a dual-layer EBG structure, which had a lower resonant frequency than the single-layer one, is proposed in order to reduce the mutual coupling between -plane coupled microstrip antenna array. As this EBG structure significantly made the series capacitance between neighbor cells larger, a drastic reduction of the unit cell size was achieved. The simulated and experimental results show that the proposed structure has a significant 19 dB mutual coupling reduction.

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4

Benykhlef, F. "EBG Structures for Reduction of Mutual Coupling in Patch Antennas Arrays." Journal of Communications Software and Systems 13, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v13i1.242.

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Анотація:

An important issue in antenna array design is reduction of mutual coupling. In square microstrip antennas this reduction can be achieved by using electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures. They can help in the reduction of mutual coupling by using their capability of suppressing surface waves propagation in a given frequency range. In this paper, we analyze the isolation properties of different EBG structures are compare them in antennas arrays by simulations. A new configuration of a planar compact electromagnetic bandgap structure is investigated. Compared to the conventional EBG (mushroom structure), a size reduction of 67.2% is achieved. Simulation results show that a significant value of mutual coupling reduction, more than 6 dB, can be obtained by using the proposed structure.

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5

Gao, Qiang, Fen Tan, and Jun Sun. "Low RCS Antenna Based on EBG Structure." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.771.

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In this paper, the application of stealth materials based on EBG structure in radar antenna system is studied. This materials is thinner and weaker, and can be well integrated with waveguide antenna. Radar cross section (RCS) is reduced effectively and stealth is realized.

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6

Jia, Ying, Ruo Meng Hou, Hong Ning Tian, Hou Sui Zhao, and Hu Xu. "Study on the EBG Structure Absorbing Composites." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1012–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1012.

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Two different types of carbon-based composites are made, to measure their electromagnetic parameters through experiments, which are applied to the construction of high impedance surface electromagnetic band gap absorbing structure. Then, through the application of electromagnetic simulation software HFSSv.11 the reflection coefficients of the models are measured as the electromagnetic frequency changes. The research shows that the application of carbon-based composites can improve the EBG absorbing structure, thus having such functions as heat resistance, corrosion resistance, light weight and high tensile strength. Therefore, it is feasible to apply the carbon-based composite to the EBG absorbing structure to improve its performance.

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7

Chiau, C. C., X. Chen, and C. Parini. "Multiperiod EBG structure for wide stopband circuits." IEE Proceedings - Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation 150, no. 6 (2003): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-map:20031087.

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8

Jun, Sung Yun, Benito Sanz Izquierdo, and Edward A. Parker. "Liquid Sensor/Detector Using an EBG Structure." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67, no. 5 (May 2019): 3366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2019.2902663.

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9

Chen, Peng, Xiao Dong Yang, Chao Yang Chen, and Yu Ning Zhao. "A NOVEL UNI-PLANAR COMPACT EBG STRUCTURE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 45 (2014): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl14012308.

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10

Padhi, Shantanu K., and Marek E. Bialkowski. "A microstrip Yagi antenna using EBG structure." Radio Science 38, no. 3 (May 22, 2003): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002rs002697.

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11

Majid, Huda A., Mohamad Kamal, A. Rahim, Mohamad R. Hamid, Norasniza A. Murad, Nor Asmawati Samsuri, Mohd Fairus Mohd Yusof, and Osman Ayop. "Reconfigurable notched wideband antenna using EBG structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, no. 2 (December 18, 2014): 497–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28882.

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12

Et. al., Suresh Akkole,. "DESIGN OF SQUARE MICROSTRIP PATCH MULTI BAND ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION USING EBG STRUCTURE." INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN INDUSTRY 9, no. 2 (April 13, 2021): 1086–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/itii.v9i2.456.

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Анотація:

Application of electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure and its use in the design of antenna and microwave integrated circuits is becoming more attractive. The recent electromagnetic band-gap structure method is capturing more importance in antenna design due to its uniqueness properties to suppress the propagation of surface waves in microstrip patch antenna. In this paper a square microstrip antenna is designed and its performance parameters are compared with geometry designed on EBG structure. The square antenna of 29 mm x29 mm size is designed at 2.455 GHz and analysis is done using IE3D simulation software. The proposed work mainly focuses on modification of antenna using electronic band gap structure (EBG). The antenna parameters such as Return loss, VSWR, Gain and Bandwidth, with and without EBG are obtained using IE3D simulation tool. The Electromagnetic band-gap structures have been used to improve the performance of the gain of the antennas and radiation patterns. One of the main advantages of electromagnetic band-gap structure is its ability to suppress the surface wave current present on the microstrip antenna. Combining the square patch with EBG structure, the bandwidth of the antenna has been increased by 34.66%, and attained gain of 44.44% at resonant frequency around 2.4 GHz as compared to the antenna without EBG..

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13

Chen, Peng, Lihua Wang, and Tongyu Ding. "A Broadband Dual-polarized Antenna with CRR-EBG Structure for 5G Applications." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 12 (February 15, 2021): 1507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.351208.

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Анотація:

In this paper, a broadband dual-polarized antenna with concentric rectangular ring electromagnetic bandgap (CRR-EBG) structure is proposed for 5G applications. The antenna consists of a pair of ±45° cross dipoles, an EBG array, and two inverted L-shaped improved feeding structures. In particular the ring part of the feeding structures can reduce the coupling between two ports. The leaky wave area of the EBG structure can be used to increase bandwidths. According to the measured results, the bandwidths of port1 and port2 are 32% (3.04-4.21GHz) and 28.3% (3.13-4.16GHz), respectively. The port-to-port isolation can reach up to 23 dB, and the average gain is approximately 5 dBi. The antenna has the advantages of a wide band, good isolation and a stable radiation pattern, which can be better used in 5G communications.

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14

Chantalat, R., L. Moustafa, M. Thevenot, T. Monediere, and B. Jecko. "Low Profile EBG Resonator Antennas." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2009 (2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/394801.

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Анотація:

An Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) antenna is a planar structure which is composed of a cavity and an EBG material. In most applications, the height of the EBG antenna is half wavelength. We present in this paper the conditions to reduce the profile of an EBG antenna to subwavelength values. It could be achieved by using a cavity upper interface which exhibits negative reflection phase. Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) based on Babinet principle, that satisfies this condition, will be described using full wave analysis. These periodic metallic arrays are employed in the design of a low profile EBG antenna which has a directivity of 10 dBi. As this EBG antenna design is similar to a small antenna over an Artificial Magnetic Conductors (AMC) surfaces or High Impedance Surface (HIS), the EBG antenna principle could be a new theory approach for the AMC or HIS. This point is discussed in this paper.

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15

Shen, Xiumei, Kun Xue, Xinggang Tang, and Yuqi He. "Miniaturized Wide Scanning Angle Phased Array Using EBG Structure for 5G Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (December 2, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8769164.

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This article presents a miniaturized wide-angle scanning phased array for fifth-generation (5G) application. A subarray of two closely packed patch antennas on electromagnetic bandgap structure (EBG) ground with the operating bandwidth of 26–29 GHz is used as the basic module of the linear array, which contains four equally spaced subarrays. The existence of the EBG ground enables the array to be compact in size (3.2 × 0.6 × 0.12λL3), yet the mutual coupling between each element can reach to more than 22 dB within the whole band of interest. The EBG structures also contribute to the wide element radiation pattern of the aperiodic array and consequently the wide scanning angle performance of the array. The range of the main beam scan with EBG structure can reach from −70° to 70° with more than 6 dB side lobe levels (SLLs) at 26.5 GHz with 3 dBi scanning gain loss. This proposed method enabling the array to be compact and wide in scanning angle is very attractive for 5G mobile terminal applications.

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16

Abdulhameed, M. K., M. S. Mohamad Isa, Z. Zakaria, Mowafak K. Mohsin, and Mothana L. Attiah. "Mushroom-Like EBG to Improve Patch Antenna Performance For C-Band Satellite Application." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 3875. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i5.pp3875-3881.

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Анотація:

In order to suppress the surface waves excitation that are caused by thick substrate in a patch antenna, a mushroom-like EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) structure is used. Such structures enhance its characteristics of gain, directivity, bandwidth and efficiency. Firstly, we determined frequency band gap characteristics of mushroom like EBG unit cell value by using CST software with 3mm (0.06λo) for covering 6 GHz. The periodic arrangement of such mushroom-like EBG structures was not limited by any interconnecting microstrip lines. Four columns of EBGs shifted inwards to antenna edges by 0.3mm (0.06λo) or a gap of its design around the patch from the left and right sides. Different configurations were also examined in order to get the better improvement in antenna performance. The final design of this mushroom-like shifted periodic structure shows an effective increase in the directivity by 77%, gain by 108%, bandwidth by 29% and the efficiency by 20% for the antenna. This structure has diversified application possibility for wireless and satellite communications.

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17

Chen, P., X. D. Yang, C. Y. Chen, and Z. H. Ma. "Broadband Multilayered Array Antenna with EBG Reflector." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/250862.

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Most broadband microstrip antennae are implemented in the form of slot structure or laminate structure. The impedance bandwidth is broadened, but meanwhile, the sidelobe of the directivity pattern and backlobe level are enlarged. A broadband stacked slot coupling microstrip antenna array with EBG structure reflector is proposed. Test results indicate that the proposed reflector structure can effectively improve the directivity pattern of stacked antenna and aperture coupled antenna, promote the front-to-back ratio, and reduce the thickness of the antenna. Therefore, it is more suitable to be applied as an airborne antenna.

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18

AHMAD, G., A. AHMAD, M. IRFAN, and F. ALI. "Improving Parameters of Wearable Antenna Using EBG Structure." SINDH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH JOURNAL -SCIENCE SERIES 50, no. 04 (December 18, 2018): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26692/sujo/2018.09.0089.

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19

Shi, Ling-Feng, and Hong-Feng Jiang. "VERTICAL CASCADED PLANAR EBG STRUCTURE FOR SSN SUPPRESSION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research 142 (2013): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pier13080107.

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20

Prakash, Pooja, Mahesh P. Abegaonkar, Lalithendra Kurra, Ananjan Basu, and Shiban K. Koul. "Compact Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) Structure with Defected Ground." IETE Journal of Research 62, no. 1 (December 2, 2015): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2015.1095657.

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21

Kim, Myunghoi, and Dong Gun Kam. "Wideband and Compact EBG Structure With Balanced Slots." IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 5, no. 6 (June 2015): 818–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcpmt.2015.2436404.

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22

Baik, Jung-Woo, Sang-Min Han, Chandong Jeong, Jichai Jeong, and Young-Sik Kim. "Compact Ultra-Wideband Bandpass Filter With EBG Structure." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 18, no. 10 (October 2008): 671–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2008.2003456.

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23

Karim, M. F., A. Q. Liu, A. Alphones, and X. J. Zhang. "Low-pass filter using a hybrid EBG structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 45, no. 2 (2005): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.20734.

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24

Zhang, Xiaoyan, Zhaopeng Teng, Zhiqing Liu, and Bincheng Li. "A Dual Band Patch Antenna with a Pinwheel-Shaped Slots EBG Substrate." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/815751.

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Анотація:

A dual band microstrip patch antenna integrated with pinwheel-shaped electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures is proposed. The patch antenna consists of a pair of spiral slots on the patch and is fed by using coaxial line. Its full-wave simulation predicts dual bands from 4.43 GHz to 4.56 GHz and from 4.96 GHz to 5.1 GHz in the C-band. The designed EBG with eight pinwheel-shaped slots addresses smaller frequency drift compared with the traditional square mushroom-like EBG when applied to the patch antenna. With the help of designed EBG structure, the impedance bandwidth, radiation efficiency, and gain of the patch antenna are improved significantly. The 10 dB impedance bandwidth is extended by 3.4% and 6.5% at the low- and high-frequency bands, respectively. The radiation efficiency is increased by 5% and 17.8%, and the realized gain is enhanced by 1.87 dB and 1.56 dB at 4.57 GHz and 5.06 GHz, respectively. The designed EBG structure may have many applications in other types of planar antennas.

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25

Abdulhameed, Muhannad Kaml, M. S. Mohamad Isa, I. M. Ibrahim, Z. Zakaria, Mowafak K. Mohsen, Mothana L. Attiah, and Ahmed M. Dinar. "Side lobe reduction in array antenna by using novel design of EBG." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2020): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i1.pp308-315.

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Анотація:

<p>A novel design of EBG is used to replace the mushroom like EBG for surrounding the array patch antenna. In order to improve its radiation performances, Electromagnetic band stop for reducing the surface waves effects is presented. The novel design of Triple Side Slotted EBG (TSSEBG) showed an improvement in the antenna efficiency, directivity and gain as compared to the reference antenna without using EBG, due to reduce the surface waves effects which leads to decrease the side lobes. TSSEBG has been introduced by some modifications in conventional mushroom-like EBG structure. Reducing the complexity was achieved by reducing the number of unit cells and vias, in case of used TSSEBG instead of mushroom like EBG. Additionally, the TSSEBG provided triple band gap compared with mushroom like EBG structure which had only one band gap frequency at 6 GHz. The placement of TSSEBG is a flexible structure which provides a good choice in the antenna applications. The simulation results of array patch antenna with and without mushroom like EBG and TSSEBG are arranged in Table 1. This structure has vast applications in satellite communications.</p>

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26

Sedghi, Mohammad Sadegh, Mohammad Naser-Moghadasi, and Ferdows B. Zarrabi. "Microstrip antenna miniaturization with fractal EBG and SRR loads for linear and circular polarizations." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 4 (June 23, 2016): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078716000726.

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In this paper, combination of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) and split-ring resonator (SRR) loads with fractal formation for miniaturization of microstrip antenna is noticed. Here two different shapes of antenna have been studied with two well-known metamaterial structures as parasitic elements. A conventional microstrip antenna, which is surrounded by four EBG unit cells, is chosen as the first antenna. It has an effective resonance at 2.5. The Minkowski fractal method is applied to EBG unit cells in this stage. The Minkowski fractal structure is implemented for accession of effective capacitance in EBG unit cells. The second antenna frequencies are 2.5 and 5.9 GHz. It contains a slot structure with four SRRs, used for making parasitic elements and for achieving multi-band characteristic. The fractal method is used to improve the inductance of SRR structure by increasing the effective length of microstrip line. At this stage, the applied fractal structure has been modified, so that the frequency of wireless application could be achieved. In the last step, by some changes in feed line of the slot antenna, circular polarization (CP) is obtained for the second antenna, which shows that SRR load can be helpful for making the CP.

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27

Phuong, Huynh Nguyen Bao, Dao Ngoc Chien, and Tran Minh Tuan. "Novel Design of Electromagnetic Bandgap Using Fractal Geometry." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/162396.

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Анотація:

A novel electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structural design based on Fractal geometry is presented in this paper. These Fractals, which are the Sierpinski triangles, are arranged to repeat each 60° to produce the hexagonal unit cells. By changing the gap between two adjacent Sierpinski triangles inside EBG unit cell, we can produce two EBG structures separately that have broadband and dual bandgap. By using the suspending microtrip method, two arrays 3 × 4 of EBG unit cells are utilized to investigate the bandgap of the EBG structures. The EBG operation bandwidth of the broadband structure is about 87% and of the dual-band structure is about 40% and 35% at the center bandgap frequencies, respectively. Moreover, a comparison between the broadband EBG and the conventional mushroom-like EBG has been done. Experimental results of the proposed design show good agreement in comparison with simulation results.

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28

Karuppiah, Vasudevan, and UmaMaheswari Gurusamy. "Compact EBG structure for ground bounce noise suppression in high-speed digital systems." AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering 6, no. 2 (2022): 124–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/electreng.2022008.

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<abstract> <p>This paper proposes Inductive Enhanced-Electromagnetic Bandgap (IE-EBG) structure to suppress the Ground Bounce Noise (GBN) for high-speed digital system applications. The GBN excited between the power and ground plane pair could be a source of interference to the adjacent analog IC's on the same PCB (or) nearby devices because of radiated emission from the PCB edges. Hence, it must be suppressed at the PCB level. The proposed two-dimensional IE-EBG patterned power plane suppressed the GBN effectively over a broad frequency range. The four unit-cell IE-EBG provides a -40 dB noise suppression bandwidth of 13.567 GHz. With a substantial increment in the overall area, the nine unit-cell IE-EBG provides a -50 dB bandwidth of 19.02 GHz. The equivalent circuit modeling was developed for nine unit-cell IE-EBG and results are verified with the 3D EM simulation results. In addition, dispersion analysis was performed on the IE-EBG unit-cell to validate the lowest cut-off frequency and bandgap range. The prototype model of the proposed IE-EBG is fabricated and tested. The measured and simulated results are compared; a negligible variation is observed between them. In a multilayer PCB, the solid power plane is replaced with the 1 x 4 IE-EBG power plane and its impact on high-speed data transmission is analyzed with single-ended/differential signaling. The embedded IE-EBG with differential signaling provides optimum MEO and MEW values of 0.928 V, 0.293 ns for a random binary sequence with the 0.1 ns rise-time. Compared to single-ended signaling, embedded IE-EBG with differential signaling maintain good signal integrity and supports high-speed data transmission.</p> </abstract>

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29

Kurra, Lalithendra, Mahesh P. Abegaonkar, Ananjan Basu, and Shiban K. Koul. "A compact uniplanar EBG structure and its application in band-notched UWB filter." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 5, no. 4 (February 18, 2013): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078713000044.

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Анотація:

In this paper, a new way of obtaining a band rejection in a ultra wideband (UWB) filter using a uniplanar Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure is reported. The EBG structure has a bandgap centered at 6.69 GHz which is almost 38% lower compared with the conventional uniplanar EBG of same dimensions. A one-dimensional EBG structure coupled with a microstrip line provides a narrow bandgap, which is used in obtaining a notch in the UWB filter. Single notch UWB filters with variations in the placement of EBG are fabricated producing a notch centered at 5.19 GHz (wireless local area network (WLAN)). A dual notch (5.16 and 8.24 GHz (satellite communication)) UWB filter is also fabricated with two different unit cell EBGs'. Switchable and tunable notch band UWB filters are proposed.

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30

Othman, Nur Nasyilla, Wan Noor Najwa Wan Marzudi, Nur Faizah Mohamad Yusof, Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin, Siti Zarina Mohamad Muji, and Yue Ma. "MIMO Antenna Performances on Microstrip Antenna with EBG Structure for WLAN Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.756.

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A dual microstrip MIMO antenna with Electromagnetic Bandgap (EBG) structures presented. EBG structures proposed in order to reduce the coupling between elements .Simulated scattering parameters with and without EBG structures compared. An evaluation of MIMO antenna characteristics is presented, with the analysis of the mutual coupling, correlation coefficients, total active reflection coefficients (TARC), capacity loss and channel capacity using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Software. The proposed antenna is a good candidate for WLAN practical applications.

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31

Zhao, Qing Feng, Su Ling Wang, and Nan Guo. "Two-Band Antenna Reflection Board Using Multi-Layer Mush-Like EBG." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 2202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.2202.

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A Multi-layer mush-like EBG used as the reflector of dipole antenna is discussed. The paper focuses on the reflection phase feature of Multi-layer mush-like EBG surface. Compared with classical double layer EBG reflector which has one in-phase frequency the proposed structure can realize two or more in-phase frequencies resonance thus could be used as double frequency antenna reflector. The simulation results proved that the proposed EBG structure had a good return loss meanwhile both radiating patterns of the two frequency bands meets the expectations well and the antenna’s gains of the two bands are more than 7.08dB

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32

Taheri, Z., and K. Maphinejad. "Switchable Bandpass Filter with Capacitive MEMS Switches and EBG Structures." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4162.

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This paper presents a new switchable band pass filter based on electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) and coplanar-waveguide (CPW) structures and tuned by the MEMS shunt and series capacitive switches. By tuning the bridge height of the MEMS switches with low voltages (lower than 14.5v), the center frequency would be shifted with almost constant bandwidth. Proposed structure has smaller chip size and lower insertion (better than 0.375 dB) in mid band frequencies. Results show using MEMS technology and EBG structures not only improve the performance of the filter, but also they optimize the chip size. Therefore, it is suitable for radars, wireless, safe and multi-frequency communication systems.

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33

Bora, Pronami, Pokkunuri Pardhasaradhi, and Boddapati Madhav. "Design and Analysis of EBG Antenna for Wi-Fi, LTE, and WLAN Applications." Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society 35, no. 9 (November 4, 2020): 1030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47037/2020.aces.j.350908.

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A non-planar electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structured antenna is proposed in this paper for wireless communication applications. The proposed design consists of coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed square patch antenna embedded with triangular EBG backing on FR-4 substrate material for 2.4 GHz (Wi-Fi, LTE) and 5.2 GHz (WLAN) applications. Gain is improved from 2.8 dB to 13.9 dB by adding EBG structure in the proposed antenna and the parametric analysis is done for optimizing the antenna performance characteristics. The proposed antenna provides a maximum efficiency of 82.5% in the resonating frequencies. The prototyped antenna is having good correlation with the simulation results obtained from Finite Element Method (FEM) based Anyss-HFSS. High Frequency Structure Simulator is used to analyze the antenna parameters and the simulated and measured results are correlating well with each other with a slight change in frequencies.

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34

Kim, Myunghoi, Kyoungchoul Koo, Joungho Kim, and Jiseong Kim. "Vertical Inductive Bridge EBG (VIB-EBG) Structure With Size Reduction and Stopband Enhancement for Wideband SSN Suppression." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 22, no. 8 (August 2012): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2012.2207710.

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35

Kim, Myunghoi, Kyoungchoul Koo, Yujeong Shim, Chulsoon Hwang, Jun So Pak, Seungyoung Ahn, and Joungho Kim. "Vertical Stepped Impedance EBG (VSI-EBG) Structure for Wideband Suppression of Simultaneous Switching Noise in Multilayer PCBs." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 55, no. 2 (April 2013): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2012.2216883.

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36

Jirasakulporn, Prapoch, Pongsathorn Chomtong, Kamorn Bandudej, and Prayoot Akkaraekthalin. "A Compact Triple Band EBG Using Interdigital Coplanar Waveguide Structure for Antenna Gain Enhancement." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (December 11, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2856807.

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A new triple band EBG unit cell with compact size has been designed, fabricated, and tested. The proposed EBG unit cell is based on a square mushroom-like EBG (M-EBG) structure with an interdigital coplanar waveguide (ICPW). With this technique, the size of the proposed ICPW-EBG structure has been reduced from λ/2 to λ/4 compared with the conventional M-EBG unit cell dimension, which is 18 × 18 mm2. The proposed unit cell was designed in order to respond for three frequency bands at 1.8 GHz, 2.45 GHz, and 3.7 GHz. An array of 10 × 10 unit cell was also designed as a reflector with an overall dimension of 181.8 × 181.8 mm2. The dipole antennas were implemented over the designed reflector with a short distance of λ/8 to radiate electromagnetic wave. The simulation results showed that the ICPW-EBG reflector can improve directivity of the dipole antenna to be 9.12 dB at 1.8 GHz, 9.02 dB at 2.45 GHz, and 8.40 dB at 3.7 GHz. The measurement directivities agreed well with simulation results including 8.72 dB at 1.8 GHz, 8.56 dB at 2.4 GHz, and 8.1 dB at 3.7 GHz. This is the first design of triple band EBG unit cell with 50% size reduction compared with the conventional structure at the same frequency. The designed ICPW-EBG reflector with dipole antenna results in the triple band operation, low-profile and high gain suitable for modern wireless communication systems.

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37

Varma, Mrs Kirti, and Prof Atmeshkumar Patel. "A Review on Microstrip Antennas Integrated with EBG Structure." IJARCCE 6, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 326–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17148/ijarcce.2017.6657.

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38

Oh, Doyoung, and Hyoungsuk Yoo. "Phone Case using the EBG Structure for Reducing SAR." Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 64, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/kiee.2015.64.1.078.

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39

., Savita M. Shaka. "WIDE SLIT RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA WITH SPIRAL EBG STRUCTURE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 03, no. 05 (May 25, 2014): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0305039.

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40

Lin, B. Q., X. Y. Ye, X. Y. Cao, and F. Li. "Uniplanar EBG structure with improved compact and wideband characteristics." Electronics Letters 44, no. 23 (2008): 1362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20081675.

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41

Zheng, Qiu-Rong, Yun-Qi Fu, and Nai-Chang Yuan. "A Novel Compact Spiral Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) Structure." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 56, no. 6 (June 2008): 1656–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tap.2008.923305.

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42

Chreim, H., M. Hajj, E. Arnaud, B. Jecko, C. Dall'omo, and P. Dufrane. "Multibeam Antenna for Telecommunications Networks Using Cylindrical EBG Structure." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 8 (2009): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2009.2020923.

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43

Majid, H. A., M. K. A. Rahim, M. R. Hamid, and O. Ayop. "Reconfigurable wideband to narrowband antenna using tunable EBG structure." Applied Physics A 117, no. 2 (August 23, 2014): 657–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8719-2.

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44

Majid, Huda Abdul, Mohamad Kamal Abd Rahim, Mohamad Rijal Hamid, Mohd Fairus Mohd Yusoff, Noor Asniza Murad, Noor Asmawati Samsuri, Osman Bin Ayop, and Raimi Dewan. "WIDEBAND ANTENNA WITH RECONFIGURABLE BAND NOTCHED USING EBG STRUCTURE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 54 (2015): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl15032404.

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45

Shi, Ling-Feng, Zhi-Min Sun, Gong-Xu Liu, and Sen Chen. "Hybrid-Embedded EBG Structure for Ultrawideband Suppression of SSN." IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility 60, no. 3 (June 2018): 747–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/temc.2017.2743039.

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46

Çakir, Gonca, and Levent Sevgi. "Design of a novel microstrip electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 46, no. 4 (2005): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.20999.

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47

Chiau, C. C., X. Chen, and C. G. Parini. "A sandwiched multiperiod EBG structure for microstrip patch antennas." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 46, no. 5 (2005): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.21010.

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48

Gao, Qiang, Yan Yin, Dun-Bao Yan, and Nai-Chang Yuan. "A novel radar-absorbing-material based on EBG structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 47, no. 3 (2005): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.21132.

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49

Lin, Bao-Qin, and Xi Wen. "A novel uniplanar compact EBG incorporated with interdigital structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 3 (2008): 555–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23144.

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50

Liang, L., C. H. Liang, L. Chen, and X. Chen. "A novel broadband EBG using cascaded mushroom-like structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 50, no. 8 (2008): 2167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.23598.

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