Дисертації: "Eating disorders in men"

1

Chen, Cliff. "Eating disorders in men and mindfulness interventions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589468.

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Eating disorders are distressing and sometimes life-threatening disorders. As many as half of the people who seek treatment fail to benefit from current first-line psychological interventions. The emerging evidence base for mindfulness-based interventions for eating disorders was reviewed to establish the effectiveness of these interventions. Group mindfulness-based interventions were effective for eating disorders, with or without eo- morbid disorders, but maintenance of treatment effects was limited. Mindfulness-based interventions provide additional treatment options for eating disorders, especially for more complex cases. However, there is currently a lack of high-quality empirical studies. Eating disorders in men are on the increase. The empirical study investigated relationships between parental bonding, maladaptive schemas, core beliefs, and eating disorder symptoms in a non-clinical sample of men. Two hundred and forty six men completed online versions of standardised questionnaires. Parental bonding was not a significant predictor of eating disorder symptoms; while the schemas Vulnerability to harm, Unrelenting standards, Enmeshment, Emotional Deprivation and Insufficient self- control, and the core beliefs High standards for self, and Abandonment/Isolation were significant predictors of eating disorder symptoms in the sample. Schemas and core beliefs are important cognitive variables in the development of eating disorders in men.

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Dave, Bhavisha. "Eating disorders in men and South Asian women." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3481/.

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Eating disorders is considered as a well researched area. Although, an increasing number of mental health clinicians are becoming better equipped in recognising eating disorders in individuals, specialist eating disorder services still underrepresent various groups. This doctoral thesis examines two of those groups specifically, men and ethnic minorities, in particular for the latter, South Asian women and eating disorders. The first paper reviews published research and examines the link between eating disorders in men and gender differences. It specifically focuses on the factors, which are argued to have a causal link to the development and maintenance of eating disorders in men. It further examines the validity and reliability of eating disorder research in this area and explores the implications for clinical practice. The second paper presents an empirical study exploring the development and experiences of eating disorders in South Asian women including a comparative analysis with Caucasian women. The final paper provides a reflective account of my journey in carrying out this research.

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3

Leichtman, Robin. "Men Making Meaning of Eating Disorders: A Qualitative Study." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1412671510.

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4

Jackson, Catherine Do. "Exploration of factors associated with eating disorders in gay men." Diss., University of Iowa, 2008. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/205.

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There is an overrepresentation of gay men seeking treatment for eating disorders. This study investigated several factors that were thought to possibly impact the prevalence rates of gay men seeking treatment for eating disorders. The current study investigated the influence that gender role conflict, attitudes towards help seeking, symptom recognition, and media influence have on the prevalence of eating disorders. Nationwide participant recruitment was utilized to gather a sample that consisted of 86 heterosexual men and 75 gay men. Multivariate and univariate analyses of variance were utilized to examine the differences between gay and heterosexual men on the factors of interest. A significant difference was not found between gay and heterosexual men related to gender role conflict or media influence. However, a significant difference was found between heterosexual and gay men on measures of attitudes towards help seeking and symptom recognition. The results support that gender role conflict may have a limited role in the development of eating disorders in gay men and that mental health prevention and awareness within the gay community may be having a positive impact. Implications for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders are discussed as well as directions for future research.

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5

Dofsand, Felicia. "Media, men and eating disorders. a qualitative study of the media factors influence in the sicken of a eating disorder." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25312.

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Ätstörningar är en sjukdomsgrupp som blir allt vanligare i samhället. En av orsakerna till att sjukdomen ökar är det orealistiska idealet som presenters i media. Mediatrycket blir även mer påtagligt och lättåtkomligt. Idealet medför en ökad missnöjdhet med den egna kroppen och med utseendet som bidrar till ett driv för förändring. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om män påverkats av media i samma utsträckning som kvinnor i insjuknandet av en ätstörning. Samt om könet spelar en central roll för vem som drabbas. Av de som drabbas av en ätstörning och söker vård utgörs enbart 10% av män. Kan idealet ha en påverkan till att färre män drabbas? Eller medför de olika föreställningarna kring könen och sjukdomen att män inte inser att se är sjuka, vågar de inte söka hjälp eftersom det anses vara en kvinnosjukdom? Resultatet tyder på att sjukdomen är komplex till sin natur, där inte enbart en mediafaktorn bidrar till att en person drabbas.
Eating disorders are a disease group that is becoming more common in society. One of the reasons that the disease is increasing is the unrealistic ideal that is presented in media. The media-pressure is substantial and accessible. The beauty ideal involve a dissatisfaction of a persons own body and his or hers appearance that will contribute to the drive of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate if men, as well as women, are influenced by the media-factor in the sicken of an eating disorder. Also if the sex matters and plays a certain role for those who suffer. Only 10 percent of those who are suffering from an eating disorder and that seeks help are men. Can the ideal have an direct affect that less men suffer from this disease? Or can the different expectations of the sexes and of the disease implicate that men don´t realize that they are sick, or that they feel shameful to seek help because eating disorders are known to be a women’s disease? The results implicate that eating disorders is a complex disease and that the media-factor alone does not contribute to sicken or the cause of sickness.

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6

Warin, Megan. "Becoming and unbecoming : abject relations in anorexia /." Title page, synopsis and contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw276b.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves [287]-309). Concerned with a group of people's everyday experiences of anorexia. The fieldwork on which the thesis is based was conducted in multiple sites (Vancouver, Edinburgh, and Adelaide) over 15 months (August 1998-October 1999) and deals with 44 women and 3 men ranging in ages from 14-55. Primarily concerned with the processes that propelled them towards and away from this phenomenon: the desires, connections, disconnections, practice, contested performances and struggles of becoming and unbecoming 'anorexic'.

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7

Barta, Jonna Lee. "Media Effects on the Body Shape Ideal and Bulimic Symptomatology in Males." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2261/.

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This study investigates the impact of sociocultural mediators in relation to eating disorders among male undergraduates. Literature on eating disorders has demonstrated that a thin body shape ideal depicted in the media directly contributes to eating pathology among females, but little research has investigated the direct effects of ideal body shape images among men. The focus of the present investigation was to assess the direct effects of exposure to the ideal male body shape on mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction, and endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. In addition, the relation of these variables to bulimic symptomatology was examined. Modeling a study conducted on women (Stice & Shaw, 1994), male undergraduates between the ages of 18 to 25 participated in premeasure (N = 169) and post measure (N = 95) conditions. Participants in the post measure were randomly exposed to pictures from magazines containing either male models depicting the ideal body shape, an average body or pictures of clothing without models. Results from repeated mulitvariate analysis indicated that exposure to the ideal body shape condition did not demonstrate significant negative changes in mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction or endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. Indirect support for the sociocultural theory of eating disorders was provided by multiple regression analyses which demonstrated that increased body mass, self esteem, stress and anxiety predicted bulimic symptomatology in men. Future research should direct itself toward investigating possible sociocultural influences of eating disorders on certain male subenvironments, such as athletes or homosexual males that place a greater emphasis on maintaining lower body mass and an ideal body shape.

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8

Raky, Elizabeth Anne. "Examining Binge Eating Rates Between Caucasian-American and African-American Men." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4942.

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Eating disorders (ED) are maladaptive eating patterns that can have social, biological, health, and occupational consequences. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare binge eating episodes, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction between African-American men (n = 66; 53.70%) and Caucasian-American men (n = 57; 46.30%). There is a current gap in the existing literature regarding the study of men who BE and a sampling bias with regard to ethnic minorities. Based on Bandura's social learning theory model and Rotter's locus of control, the purpose of this research was to determine and compare the relationship between BE, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction among African-American and Caucasian-American men. The participants answered a demographic questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Scale (IPC), and Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ). A quantitative research design was used and the chi-square was performed to evaluate the variables of the research questions. The sample population came from the Walden University participants pool and men who are self-described binge eaters from the African-American and Caucasian-American ethnicity in the community. Key results showed that African- American men believed they had less power in their lives, lower levels of body dissatisfaction, and increased feelings of chance in their lives. Recommendations for further research can be to replicate this study using other ethnicities. Implications for social change can include increased knowledge of men that BE which can improve their overall health and quality of life while reducing medical costs.

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9

Clyne, Courtney. "Emotion-Focussed Psychoeducational Group Therapy for Binge Eating Disorder in Women and Men." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1384.

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A plethora of research has linked negative affect with binge eating in people with binge eating disorder (BED). Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) have not traditionally addressed emotional regulation deficits. Failure to address emotional aspects of binge eating may explain why some individuals do not respond to CBT or IPT, and why many of those who do respond relapse shortly after finishing treatment. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) specifically targets the inability to accurately recognise and regulate affect. Preliminary investigations have shown that DBT may be efficacious in treating BED. However, it can take up to 10 months, and a shorter intervention targeting affect regulation and recognition may produce similar effects. Four studies evaluating a ten session emotion-focussed group psychoeducational intervention for BED were conducted. In the first, 25 women diagnosed with subthreshold or full syndrome BED (using DSM-IV-TR criteria) were treated. The second study tested whether the specific components of the intervention, or the treatment as a whole, was required to produce positive outcomes in women. Study three, examined the efficacy of the treatment programme with three men diagnosed with subthreshold or full syndrome BED (also using DSM-IV-TR criteria). The fourth study compared the women's and men's response to treatment. Following the intervention with women, binge abstinence rates, comparable to those of CBT and IPT, and various other positive changes to eating and general pathology, were observed. These effects were well-maintained up to one-year later. Overall, it was concluded that the whole treatment programme was necessary to produce the optimum outcome for BED in women. A positive outcome was measured in the men, although the effects were not as dramatic as those found in the women. Suggestions for improvements, and suggestions for further research, are discussed. The results provide support for the Affect Regulation Model of BED in women and men.

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10

Meadows, Amber S. "Men Feel it too: An Examination of Body Image and Disordered Eating among Older Males." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/gerontology_theses/27.

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This quantitative study examined body image and disordered eating in older males. Using a series of questionnaires and demographic questions, two research questions were explored: a) What are the characteristics of older males in terms of eating and body image? and b) Are disordered eating behaviors among older males related to dissatisfaction with body image, specifically physical appearance or physical functioning? Paired samples t-tests revealed that older males rated their ideal body figure as significantly smaller than their current figure, t(35) = -5.53, p < .01, which indicates the presence of body dissatisfaction. Twenty percent of participants were found to be at risk for disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Furthermore, a correlation was found between disordered eating attitudes and body dissatisfaction particularly as it relates to physical appearance, (r(33) = -.486, p < .01).

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11

Pereira, Andrew. "Ethnic and Sexual Minority Differences in the Prediction of Disordered Eating and Exercise Behaviors in College Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062798/.

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Despite growing evidence of their prevalence, clinical and subclinical disordered eating behaviors among men continue to be understudied phenomena. When compared to females, predictors of male disordered eating vary across ethnic groups, suggesting cultural influences on disordered eating. Moreover, gay and bisexual men experience pronounced levels of body dissatisfaction, sensitivity to societal body image standards, and subsequent disordered eating when compared to straight men and gay women. This study investigated possible differences in prediction of disordered eating among intersections of male ethnicity and sexuality. We approached this question through a transtheoretical lens that integrated intersectionality and minority stress theories. Archival data from a sample of African American, Latino, and White college men were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Predictors of emotional and binge eating behaviors differed across ethnicity, in that body dissatisfaction and media internalization for African American and Latino males exhibit the strongest unique associations with emotional and binge eating behaviors, while the strongest unique predictors of emotional and binge eating behaviors among White males are depressive symptoms and low self-esteem. Moreover, African American sexual identity and depressive symptoms interact, as gay or bisexual men report stronger unique associations between depression symptoms and emotional and binge eating. All predictors (i.e., body dissatisfaction, depression symptoms, low self-esteem, media internalization, and sexual minority identity) were unable to explain sufficient variance in over exercise behaviors in African American men. Results suggest ethnicity and sexual orientation are meaningful to the experience of disordered eating in men, and that underlying mechanisms may exhibit differing associative patterns across ethnic identity. Clinicians working with ethnically and sexually diverse male disordered eating populations may use the results to better inform treatment interventions and conceptualization. These findings also support the value of intersectional quantitative methodology and the limits of relying on single-axis identity as a predictive element.

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12

Schuster, Elizabeth B. "Easing the teasing the effects of appearance-related feedback on body image disturbance, eating pathology, body change behaviors, and self-objectification." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4571.

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Appearance-related commentary can be positive or negative. Such commentary has been shown to negatively affect the mental health and well-being of women in a well-documented body of research. There is limited research on this topic pertaining to males. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of appearance-related commentary in men. Results indicate that men who receive more negative commentary are more likely to experience eating pathology, body dissatisfaction, distress from commentary, and participate in compulsive exercising and appearance-change behaviors. However, men that receive positive commentary are likely to experience more positive outcomes, reporting less dissatisfaction and pathology but more appearance-change behaviors. It appears that men are affected by negative, appearance-related commentary in the same ways that women are, but that they experience positive commentary in a more direct and appropriate manner. Additionally, self-objectification, a covariate found to interact in similar relations with women, was not found to account for any of the variance between appearance-related feedback and outcomes.
ID: 029051091; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-71).
M.S.
Masters
Department of Clinical Psychology
Sciences

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13

Menees, Lauren M. "Examining the Relationship between Criticism and Muscle Dysmorphia Symptomotology in Collegiate Men." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/179.

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The goal of the current study was to examine the relationship between critical comments that men can recall others making about their bodies and their current level of Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) symptomotology. Participants (N = 118) were recruited via study board from a mid-Western university with a population of 20,674 students. The hypothesis of the current study was that men who can recall critical comments about their bodies will report more MD symptomotology than those who remembered no such comments. In addition, it was expected that out of those who recall critical comments, the more severe or threatening they remember the comment being, the more MD symptomotology they will report. In this study it was also expected that men who associate more negative emotions with the comment will have higher levels of reported MD symptomotology. To evaluate the first hypothesis, an independent samples (-test was used. Results did not support this hypothesis, and no significant differences were found on MD symptoms between participants who recalled comments about their bodies and those who did not recall such comments. These results are not consistent with previous research that was conducted on women with eating disorders which found that female athletes with disordered eating habits were more likely to recall critical comments made about their bodies than women without disordered eating habits. Results supported the second and third hypotheses. Correlational analyses were conducted to determine if there was a relationship between how threatened a participant reported being from the critical comment made about his body and his current level of MD symptomotology. A significant correlation was found. A correlational analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship between associating negative emotions with the critical comment and having higher levels of MD symptomotology. The participants in the study were asked to name who made the comment about their bodies. The most commonly named person was a friend, followed by a coach, and then a girlfriend. Additional tests showed that there was no significant correlation between how long ago the comment occurred and participants' levels of MD symptoms. However, there was a significant relationship between how well a person remembered the comment and his current level of MD symptomotology. Results from this study extend on what is known about MD and the effects of criticism. Although there was no significant relationship between one's ability to recall critical comments made about his body and his current level of MD symptomotology, there was a significant relationship between finding the comment threatening and associating negative emotions with the comment, if one was reported, and one's current level of MD symptomotology. One limitation of the study is that all of the data was gathered via self-report measures. Data may have been affected by poor recall by the participants as well as denial of symptoms. Also, all of the participants attended Western Kentucky University. There was little diversity in regards to age and race.

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14

Carter, Michael Joseph. "Male obesity : a qualitative study of clinical attitudes and perspectives : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5873.

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15

Riggio, Lilia. "Män med muskeldysmorfi : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1775.

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Män har under lång tid inte ansetts kunna lida av ätstörningar eller kroppsuppfattningsstörningar då forskning negligerat dem. Detta har lett till att det råder brist på kunskaper om ätstörningar och kroppsuppfattningsstörningar bland män. En av de vanligaste kroppsuppfattningsstörningar bland män har visat sig vara muskeldysmorfi. Det finns begränsade kunskaper kring det och syftet med denna studie har varit att få en ökad kunskap om och beskriva vad det är samt hur det kan påverka de män som lider av problematiken. Studien är en litteraturstudie med en kvalitativ forskningsansats där både artiklar och böcker använts som underlag. Resultatet visade att muskeldysmorfi är en störning där personen blir besatt kring den egna kroppens muskulatur och som främst drabbar unga män som bodybuildar. Man vet ännu inte huruvida den ska klassas som ätstörning, dysmorfofobi eller tvångssyndrom då forskning saknas och den anses ha samband med alla dessa. Orsaker till utvecklande av muskeldysmorfi anses vara en kombination av samhällets och medias påverkan och genetiska och psykologiska faktorer. För behandling anses i dagsläget kognitiv beteendeterapi vara det mest verksamma. Konsekvenser av muskeldysmorfi kan vara skamkänslor över den egna kroppen och tvångsbeteenden och tvångstankar. Intima - och vänskapsrelationer samt den egna ekonomin och arbetslivet kan påverkas negativt och i en del fall kan muskeldysmorfi det leda till att personer börjar använda anabola steroider eller andra farliga preparat för att kunna öka i muskelmassa.

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16

Reilly, Andrew H. "Risk, body image, and internalized homonegativity among gay men: body building, eating disturbance, tanning and unsafe sex." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1086193466.

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17

Johnson, Leslee M. "ADHD Symptomology and Overweight Among College Men." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103337/.

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Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood disorder that often persists into adulthood. Among adults, ADHD is highly comorbid with addictive behaviors (e.g., substance abuse and dependence), and depressive disorders. Recently, an association between ADHD and obesity has been reported in the literature; emotional and binge eating may be “addictive behaviors” that contribute to weight gain in this population. The purpose of this study was to test competing models of the hypothesized link between ADHD symptomology and overweight. Specifically, in Model 1, symptoms of depression are expected to mediate the relationship between symptoms of impulsivity and inattention and emotional and binge eating which, in turn, leads to weight gain (i.e., increased BMI). In Model 2, however, the impulsive symptoms have direct relationships with emotional and binge eating in addition to being mediated by depressive symptoms. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test how the models fit the data of 790 college men. Both models fit the data well, with Model 2 being preferred because of its greater connection to theory. All paths were significant indicating that increased impulsive and inattentive symptoms predicted increased symptoms of depression that, in turn, predicted increased emotional/binge eating, which has a direct and positive relationship with increased BMI. Moreover, impulsive symptoms were also directly related to emotional/binge eating, suggesting different paths to overweight across ADHD subtypes. The findings of the current study elucidate the links between ADHD symptoms and overweight (i.e., increased BMI).

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18

Kramer, Helena. "Förälder till barn/ungdom med ätstörning – upplevelser och erfarenheter : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-253673.

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SAMMANFATTNING Bakgrund: Vid behandling av ätstörningar hos barn och ungdomar konstateras att föräldrars delaktighet har en betydande roll. Sjuksköterskan kan möta föräldrar till barn och ungdomar med ätstörning inom olika vårdinstanser och vårdformer och för att kunna ge stöd och god omvårdnad med familjen i fokus, är det av intresse att belysa upplevelser och erfarenheter hos föräldrar, av att leva med och/eller vårda barn/ungdom med ätstörning. Syfte: Att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser och erfarenheter av att leva med och/eller vårda barn/ungdom, med diagnostiserad ätstörning. Metod: En litteraturstudie genomfördes utifrån nio artiklar av kvalitativ ansats. Artiklarnas resultat analyserades och sammanfördes. Resultat: Föräldrar upplevde social isolering, förändringar i vardagslivet samt svårigheter att förhålla sig till ätstörningen. För många var den känslomässiga bördan tung och känslor som oro, frustration och maktlöshet var vanliga. Vidare blev ekonomi och egen hälsa lidande till följd av sjukdomen. Föräldrar upplevde det positivt att dela sina upplevelser med andra i liknande situation och att få kunskap och information kring sjukdomen ansågs värdefullt. Slutsats: Att vara förälder till ett barn eller ungdom med ätstörning innebär en tung känslomässig börda och har stor inverkan på det dagliga livet. Föräldrars kunskap om sjukdomen bör stärkas, medan stöd och omvårdnad med fokus mot dessa föräldrar bör ges.
ABSTRACT Background: While treating eating disorders in children and adolescents, parental involvement has a significant role. Nurses are likely to meet the parents of children and adolescents with eating disorders in different health facilities and to be able to provide support and family focused care, it is of interest to highlight the experiences of parents living with and caring for children/adolescents with eating disorders. Aim: To describe parents' experiences of living with, and/or caring for a child/adolescent, diagnosed with an eating disorder. Method: The study was carried out as a literature study, where a total of nine qualitative studies were included. Results: The results came to show that many parents had difficulties relating to the eating disorder. Furthermore, feelings such as anxiety, frustration and powerlessness were common among parents. Many experienced great emotional burden, changes in everyday life and social isolation. Moreover, as an effect of the disease, many parents also experienced a negative impact on their personal health as well as on their private economy. However, parents felt positively about sharing experiences with others in similar situations and that obtaining knowledge and information about eating disorders was of great importance. Conclusion: Being a parent to a child or adolescent with eating disorders involves great emotional burden and has great impact in everyday life. Parents should be taken care of and given support in this matter, and one should also strengthen their knowledge about the disease in question.

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Hjalmarsson, Malin, and Marie Hjalmarsson. "Vård av unga flickor med ätstörning-Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter : Care of young girls with eating disorders-Nurse ́s experiences." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-83902.

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20

Rosén, Jennifer, and Hanna Sandersson. "Att vara förälder till ett barn med anorexia nervosa : En litteraturbaserad studie." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för omvårdnad - grundnivå, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-10690.

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Анотація:

Examensarbetet skildrar föräldrars upplevelser av att ha ett barn med Anorexia Nervosa. Föräldrarna har ett stort ansvar och en betydande roll under sjukdomstiden. Anorexia Nervosa har blivit en alltmer vanlig sjukdom som ofta drabbar flickor i tonåren och sjukdomen kännetecknas av en självsvält med en rädsla för att öka i vikt. Studien är litteraturbaserad. Nio vetenskapliga artiklar användes och analyserades i relation till syftet. Resultatet visar att föräldrarna upplevde att sjukdomen förändrade livssituationen. Äktenskapet blev drabbat och det beskrevs att det ofta fanns en oro för hur syskon påverkades. Stora delar av dygnet bestod av att se till att det drabbade barnet fick i sig näring. Föräldrar upplevde även en förändring av sitt egna liv då allt fokus låg på att hjälpa sitt barn att övervinna sin sjukdom. Frustration, oro och skuld var återkommande känslor som föräldrar upplevde i vardagen. Inledningsvis sökte föräldrarna information på egen hand för att få sina farhågor om sjukdomen bekräftade. Då de senare beslutade sig för att söka hjälp via vården upplevde ett flertal av föräldrarna att de blev dåligt bemötta av vårdpersonal. För att kunna hantera vardagen under sjukdomstiden beskrev föräldrar strategier som varit betydelsefulla för dem. Resultatet pekar på att föräldrar upplever ett behov av stöd under barnets sjukdomstid. Sjuksköterskan kan uppfylla föräldrars behov av stöd genom att bekräfta deras situation och inge ett hopp. Genom kunskap om föräldrars upplevelser kan sjuksköterskan utveckla sitt kompetensområde och öka kvalitén i omvårdnadsarbetet utifrån föräldrarnas behov.
Background Until the 80’s Anorexia Nervosa (AN) was a rare disease. With the influence from media and the growing ideal of how a human body should look like, AN is nowadays a more common disease. AN often have a negative effect on parents. Therefore, it is important that nurses and society gain an understanding of parents experiences of having a child with AN, and how it impact their lifes. Aim The aim of the study was to illuminate the experience of being a parent to a child with AN. Method This study is a literature review over qualitative scientific articles, which have been analyzed through a method of five steps according to Friberg. Results The results showed that AN has a negative impact on parents, both the personal life and family life. It also describes parents’ need for support. Parents experience many negative feelings as worrying, frustration and fear. They often had bad experiences of treatment from medical staff. Conclusion This study provides an understanding of parents’ feelings of having a child with AN. Parents have an important role for their children during their illness and on the road to recovery. If parents should be able to take the responsibility that comes with having a child with AN, they need support. Otherwise they can be a threat to their own health. This is something that the nurse should pay attention to.

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Munkesjö, Maria. ""Okej, jag kan sitta och lyssna på musik men jag tänker inte äta!" : en kvalitativ intervjustudie om musikens funktion för patienter som gått i musikterapi för ätstörningsproblematik." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-1669.

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Munkesjö, Maria: "Okej, jag kan sitta och lyssna på musik men jag tänker inte äta!" En kvalitativ intervjustudie om musikens funktion för patienter som gått i musikterapi för ätstörningsproblematik. Uppsats 15 hp inom ramen för Magisterprogrammet i musikpedagogik med inriktning musikterapi vid Kungl. Musikhögskolan i Stockholm. Syftet med denna kvalitativa intervjustudie har varit att undersöka hur patienter som gått i musikterapi för ätstörningsproblematik upplever och använder sig av musik. Frågeställningarna har handlat om vilken funktion musik har i deltagarnas liv och om detta har förändrats av musikterapi. I uppsatsen presenteras en genomgång av relevant litteratur och tidigare forskning inom områden som: musikterapi, musik och hälsa och ätstörningsproblematik. Sex kvinnliga patienter (medianålder 25 år) som genomgått musikterapeutisk behandling (i snitt 2,6 år) för sin ätstörningsproblematik intervjuades med hjälp av semistrukturerade dialogintervjuer. Utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv och med Health Musicking som teoretisk utgångspunkt, tolkades sedan de transkriberade intervjuerna. Metoden som användes var tematisk kvalitativ analys vilket kompletterades med konstnärlig form (bild och musik). Resultatet presenteras i form av fyra huvudteman: Musikens funktion som följeslagare genom livet; Musikens funktion som allierad med dikotomin; Musikens funktion som redskap för transformation och Musikens funktion som bundsförvant med känslan. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån syfte och frågeställningar. Med utgångspunkt i teorifältet Health Musicking visar denna studie att musik används och har en mångfald av funktioner för deltagarna under barndom och uppväxt. Under sjukdomstiden förändras detta markant och speglar ätstörningsproblematiken. I den musikterapeutiska behandlingen får musik genomgående en mer eller mindre central funktion som terapeutiskt redskap. Efter musikterapin återgår musikens funktion till en större mångfald men nu används musik i betydligt större utsträckning som medveten hälsoresurs; Health Musicking, i det dagliga livet.
Munkesjö, Maria: "Okey, I can sit and listen to music but I will not eat !" A qualitative study of music´s function for patients with eating disorders. A study carried out within the context of the Master Program in Music Education, profile Music Therapy at the Royal College of Music in Stockholm. The purpose of this qualitative interview study was to investigate how patients in music therapy for eating disorders perceive and use music. This by examining the function of music attributed to the participants' lives and if it has been altered by Music Therapy.The paper presents a review of relevant literature and previous research in the fields of Music Therapy, Music and Health and Eating Disorders. Six female patients (median age 25 years) were interviewed after music therapeutic treatment (average 2.6 years). With a hermeneutical approach the transcribed interviews was analyzed using thematic qualitative analysis and artistic interpretation (music and image). The result presented in four main themes; The music's function as a companion through life; The music's function as ally with the dichotomy ; The music's function as tool for transformation and The music's function as associate with feelings. The results are discussed on the basis of objective and issues. This study shows, based on the theory of Health Musicking, that music is used and has a multitude of functions for the participants during childhood and adolescence. When the eating disorders develop the use of music are significantly modified and reflect the eating disorders. During the music therapy sessions the music take a more or less central role as a therapeutic tool. After music therapy the function of the music return to a multitude of functions. But now the participants are more aware of music as a health resource; Health Musicking, in their daily lives.

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Hammar, Maria. "Att vara förälder till barn med ätstörningar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294631.

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Bakgrund: Ätstörningar, som främst kännetecknas som ett skadligt beteendemönster gällande mat, är idag den psykiska sjukdomen med högst dödsfrekvens och att vårda en sjukdomsdrabbad person är i regel mycket krävande och utmanande. Ofta kan det innebära en signifikant stress för vårdgivaren och en stark känsla av skuld. Syfte: Att beskriva föräldrars upplevelser och känslor kring att vara förälder till ett barn med ätstörningar. Metod: Studien utfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med en deskriptiv design. Sex semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes, tre via muntlig intervju och tre via enkät, som analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Föräldrarna beskrev en tillvaro med mycket smärta, känslor av frustration, förtvivlan och maktlöshet av att inte veta hur situationer skulle hanteras, samt känslan att vara övervakare och att tvingas begränsa barnet. Stöd upplevde föräldrarna få från partners, barnets skola och vården. Det beskrevs hur syskon reagerade olika på situationen och att familjen hade begränsats, både socialt och gällande flexibilitet kring matrutiner, men att sjukdomen ändå förde familjen närmare varandra. Slutsats: Resultatet visar att ätstörningar kan påverka sin omgivning mycket starkt och föräldrar beskriver en tillvaro som kan vara väldigt jobbig, emotionellt krävande, tålamodsprövande och ibland rent skrämmande. Föräldrarna är till majoritet mycket nöjda med vårdens hjälp och stöd. Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal bör fortsätta se till både den sjukdomsdrabbade och de anhöriga som en helhet. Trots allt negativt omkring sjukdomen, tycker sig föräldrarna se positiva faktorer såsom öppnare samtalsklimat och en mer sammansvetsad familj.

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Bell, Kathryn, Elizabeth Rieger, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Eating Disorder Symptoms and Proneness in Gay Men, Lesbian Women, and Transgender and Non-conforming Adults: Comparative Levels and a Proposed Mediational Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5485.

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In this study we sought to compare eating disorder attitudes and behaviors, and proneness to an eating disorder (“ED proneness”), between gay men, lesbian women, and transgender and non-conforming (TGNC) adults. A further aim was to identify and compare risk and protective factors, and examine a mediational model based on the interpersonal theory of eating disorders (IPT-ED), whereby the association between interpersonal factors and ED proneness would be mediated by psychological constructs pertaining to the self and negative affect. Data was obtained from a larger national study of health risk and protective factors among sexual minority and gender diverse populations. The sample included 97 gay men, 82 lesbian women, and 138 TGNC adults. Participants completed the National College Health Assessment, Eating Disorders Screen for Primary Care, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 scale, Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form, Negative Social Exchange subscale of the Multidimensional Health Profile, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, and Perceived Stigma Scale. There was a significant difference between groups in ED proneness, with lesbian women (66.7%) having a significantly higher percentage than gay men (47.6%). There was also a significant difference between groups in weight-based self-worth, with the lowest percentage in gay men (63%) and the highest percentage in lesbian women (82%), as well as dissatisfaction with eating patterns, with the highest percentage in TGNC adults (69.8%) and the lowest percentage in gay men (47.7%). There was a low percentage of inappropriate compensatory behaviors, with no significant difference between groups. Logistic regression analyses showed that the predictor variables of ED proneness were depression, perceived stigma, and self-compassion in gay men; depression in lesbian women; and self-compassion in the TGNC adults. Mediation analyses showed that thwarted belongingness (i.e., an unmet to belong) and perceived stigma had an indirect association with ED proneness that was mediated by self-compassion and depression (for perceived stigma alone) in gay men, depression in lesbian women, and self-compassion in TGNC adults. The interpersonal theory of eating disorders therefore extends to sexual minority and gender diverse populations; however, the results suggest a broadening of theoretical models and intervention programs to include the role of stigma and self-compassion.

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Lyons, Gareth Ian. "An exploration of the lived experiences of men who have an eating disorder in the guise of anorexia or a-typical anorexia/EDNOS." Thesis, University of Salford, 2018. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/46343/.

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Background: In the United Kingdom (UK) the number of males with Eating Disorders (ED) admitted to hospital has risen by 70% since 2000. Taking account of under-reporting and misdiagnosis, men are now thought to represent 25% of those diagnosed with anorexia. To date, within academic literature, there has been a strong focus on EDs in women, perpetuating and maintaining stereotypical ideas of anorexia and the existent social stigma. Whilst there has been a plethora of quantitative studies regarding anorexia per se, with some specifically relating to men, there is a dearth of qualitative studies, with only two studies examining the experiences of men with EDs accessing services identified within the literature review. In adding to such a limited body of knowledge, this study was undertaken with the purpose of exploring the lived experiences of men who had an ED, namely anorexia, and/or an eating disorder not otherwise specified. Methodology: Qualitative research, adopting a narrative approach was used, in order to promote the hearing of the participants’ own constructed stories. Data was collected via narrative interviews with seven men aged 23-34 years old. In the first instance narrative analysis was used for each man’s story, with thematic analysis being used to explore commonalities and difference across all seven interviews. Findings: The interviews highlighted the need for male stories of anorexia to be researched and voiced. The men shared many background similarities, experiencing a range of negative consequences during their everyday living; from discriminatory health care, to problems with employment and isolation. Four major themes emerged from the cross-narrative analysis: (1)The final John Doe, (2)Masculinity – The beast in me; (3)Not working 9-5; and (4)Help, I need somebody – Bedlam revisited. Conclusions: If men experiencing eating disorders are to receive appropriate and supportive health care, further research is needed to ensure better understanding and acceptance on the part of society, service providers and employers.

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Lee, Jillian April. "Gender differences in psychopathology examined under an expanded transactional theory of stress framework." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2590.

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Kilinc, Derya, and Leonardo Dahn. "Patientutvärdering av Dr. Cecilia med rekommenderade framtida implementationer." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknik och hälsa (STH), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-195638.

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Idag är unga kvinnor den grupp som utgör majoriteten av ätstörningsdrabbade, där anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa och EDNOS (eating disorder not otherwise specified) är de vanligast förekommande diagnoserna. Mando Group AB behandlar patienter med ätstörningar och har till patienternas hjälp utformat datorprogrammet Doktor Cecilia som är en virtuell behandlare till vilken patienterna kan ställa frågor. Användandet ligger enligt Mando Group AB inte på önskvärda nivåer och programmet har inte heller tidigare genomgått en utvärdering. Syftet med detta arbete var att ta fram potentiella förbättringar av programmet och att av patienterna få dessa tillsammans med programmet utvärderade. Vidare utfördes en enkätundersökning på två Mandometerkliniker för att kartlägga patienternas åsikter om programmet och de framtagna potentiella förbättringarna. Resultatet visade att patienterna var positivt inställda till implementerandet av bland annat röstsvar, tvåvägskommunikation och möjlighet till att se till programmet vanligt ställda frågor. Detta resultat användes sedan för att framställa rekommenderade implementationer som skulle kunna förbättra programmet och på sikt kunna öka dess användning.
Today, adolescent females represent the majority of people suffering from eating disorders with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and EDNOS (eating disorder not otherwise specified) being the most common diagnoses. Mando Group AB treats patients with eating disorders and has for the sake of the patients developed the computer software ‘Doctor Cecilia’ which is a virtual caretaker to whom patients may direct their queries. Mando Group AB has stated that the usage of the software has not reached the desirable level amongst their patients. Moreover, the software has not been subject to an evaluation. The purpose of this thesis has been to produce suggestions of potential improvements for ‘Doctor Cecilia’ by consulting patients in order to evaluate these improvements as well as the software in general. As such, an investigation was conducted at two Mandometer-clinics in order to clarify the opinions of the patients regarding the software itself and the potential improvements which are presented by this thesis. The results showed that the patients were in favor of the implementation of for instance voice response, two-way communication and the opportunity to see frequently asked questions. The results of this thesis have been used to produce recommended implementations that could improve the software and eventually increase its usage.

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Mabiala, Madalena, and Hawsar Shamer. "Anorexia Nervosa : Kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med Anorexi." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13536.

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Bakgrund: Anorexia Nervosa är en psykiatrisk sjukdom som främst drabbar unga kvinnor mellan 15 och 23 år med hög mortalitet. Sjukdomen orsakar ätstörning vilket medför kraftig viktnedgång. Syftet: Syftet är att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med Anorexia Nervosa. Metod: Denna studie är genomförd av kvalitativ metod med analys av narratives. Datainsamlingen är baserad på fyra självbiografier skrivna av kvinnor som drabbats av Anorexia Nervosa. Resultat: Resultatet visade att samtliga kvinnor har haft olika upplevelser av Anorexia Nervosa. Kvinnornas upplevelser delas in i tre olika teman vilket förtydligades med citat. Teman som beskrivs avspelar kvinnors olika upplevelser. De teman som uppkom var Det svåruppnåeliga kvinnoidealet, Den ångestfyllda tillvaron, Betydelsen av att ha kontroll. Slutsats: Anorexia är en komplex psykiatrisk sjukdom som kräver en optimal omvårdnad med beredskap och förståelse från vårdpersonal. Sjuksköterskor strävar efter att förhindra ett lidande och främja hälsa i vårdandet av patienter. Studiens resultat bidrog med en bredare kunskap och förståelse kring sjukdomen Anorexia Nervosa för en optimal återhämtning hos patient.
Background: Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder that primarily affects young women between 15 and 23 years with high mortality. The disease causes eating disorder resulting in significant weight loss. Purpose: Purpose of the study was to describe women's experiences of living with anorexia nervosa. Method: This study was conducted by qualitative method of analysis of narratives. Data collection was based on four autobiographies written by women who have lived with Anorexia Nervosa. Results: The results showed that all women have had different experiences of Anorexia Nervosa. This experiences were divided into three different themes which are clarified with quote. Themes described reflects women's different experiences with anorexia nervosa, which is the elusive ideal of women, the anguished existence and the importance of being in control. Conclusion: Anorexia is a complex psychiatric illness that requires an optimum care of preparedness and understanding of health professionals. Nurses strive to prevent suffering and promote health in the care of patients. The study's results contributed to a wider knowledge and understanding of the disease anorexia nervosa for optimal recovery of the patient.

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Aarenstrup, Sophie, and Fredrika Granholm. "Att vara syskon eller partner till en person med ätstörningsproblematik." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för pedagogik (PED), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-41697.

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Анотація:

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att belysa behandlares uppfattningar om syskon och partners upplevelser av att ha en nära person med en ätstörning, samt betydelsen av att involvera dem i den drabbades behandling. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod där semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med 6 behandlare på olika ätstörningsverksamheter i Sverige. Resultat och slutsats visade att syskon och partners, samt andra närstående, är betydelsefulla för patientens tillfriskande. Det är viktigt att syskon och partners involveras i behandling, och att de får information om sjukdom och behandling. Syskon ska inte anta en ansvarsroll, medan partner behöver ta ett visst ansvar i vardagen. Ätstörningar har en tydlig påverkan på partners och syskon, samt på närstående i allmänhet. Närstående bör få goda verktyg till hur de kan vara ett stöd på bästa sätt till den drabbade. Behandlaren ska bemöta närstående med förståelse, respekt och ingen skuldbeläggning. Det är väsentligt för patientens motivation och tillfrisknande att det finns en god och nära relation till de närstående som är involverade i behandlingen. Det finns en brist på forskning inom detta område. Vidare forskning krävs för att stärka studiens resultat och slutsats.

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Brander, Lund Alexandra. "Hur upplever tonåringar och unga vuxna med ätsörningar att livskvaliteten påverkas? : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19364.

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Sjuksköterskans arbete innebär att kunna ge en bra vård till människor med olika typer av etnisk bakgrund, tro och värderingar. Ätstörning är ett tillstånd av psykisk ohälsa där den drabbade har utvecklat vad som kan likna en fobi för normal kroppsvikt. Den fysiska hälsan blir också påverkad på grund av de olika metoder som den drabbade använder för viktnedgång samt på grund av näringsnedsättning. Livskvailtet är hur en människa upplever sin tillvaro och om personen känner någon mening i sitt liv. Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur ungdomar och unga vuxna med ätstörningar upplever sin livskvalitet. Författaren har använt sig av 10 olika vetenskapliga artiklar som med syftet att beskriva hur tonåringar och vuxna med ätstörningar upplever sin livskvalitet. I resultatet fann forskarna att de drabbade hade en låg livskvalitet. Vid jämförelser med människor utan ätstörningar, visade värdena att de med ätstörningar hade sämre resultat både fysiskt med framför allt psykiskt vid mätning av livskvalitet. Män och pojkar hade riskfaktorer som fysisk träning och kroppsmissnöje, medan flickor och kvinnors riskfaktorer var en önskan om smalhet, kroppsmissnöje och kroppsobjektifiering. Det visade sig även att drabbade med mycket socialt stöd hade en bättre livskvalitet än de utan socialt stöd. Oberoende av ålder och kön, så har patienter med ätstörningar sämre livskvalitet. Det är viktigt för sjuksköterskor att hjälpa denna patientgrupp genom att våga se deras lidande på andra plan när de söker sig till vården.
The nurse's work means being able to give good care to people with different ethnic backgrounds, beliefs and values. When working with young people, the nurse was lacking the expertise to provide the right kind of support to help with mental illness, substance abuse, self-harm behavior and eating disorders. Eating disorders are a condition of mental illness in which the patient has developed what may resemble a phobia of normal body weight. Physical health is also affected because of the different methods that the victim uses for weight loss and because of loss of nutrient. Quality of life is how people perceive their existence and if the person feels they have a meaning in life. The aim of this study was to describe how adolescents and young adults with eating disorders perceive their quality of life. The author has used 10 different scientific articles which described how teenagers and adults with eating disorders perceive their quality of life. In the result, the researchers found that those affected by eating disorders had a low quality of life, age and gender didn’t matter. When compared to people without eating disorders, values show that those with eating disorders had worse results both physically but primarily psychological, in tests of quality of life. Men and boys had risk factors such as physical activity and body dissatisfaction, while girls and womens risk factors were a desire for thinness, body dissatisfaction and body objectification. It was also found that sufferers with social support had a better quality of life than those without social support. The conclusion could be made that regardless of age and sex, patients with eating disorders have a poorer quality of life. It is important for nurses to help this population by daring to see their suffering on other levels when they seek out health care.

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Callio, Carina. "Att leva med ett syskon som lider av en ätstörning." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2681.

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Utifrån mina tidigare erfarenheter inom barnpsykiatrin tänker jag att syskon till psykiskt sjuka barn och ungdomar varit en exkluderad grupp som inte fått sitt utrymme inom vården. Det är av stor vikt att deras tankar och känslor blir belysta för att hitta sätt att möta upp denna grupp. I hälso- och sjukvårdslagen betonas barns behov av information, råd och stöd. Studiens syfte var att undersöka ungdomars upplevelser av att leva med ett syskon som lider av ätstörning. Tre pojkar och två flickor i ålder 15-20 intervjuades i studien. Som analysmetod användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Morse och Field. Denna studie bekräftar tidigare kunskap om syskons erfarenheter av att leva med ett syskon som lider av en ätstörning. Syskonen beskriver en oro för systern och brist på information om syskonets sjukdom och behandling. De påverkas negativt av konflikter vid måltider och flera syskon beskriver att de känner skam över systerns sjukdom. Den här studien visar också på att det fanns skillnader i hur pojkarna och flickorna upplevde sin systers sjukdom. Flickorna upplevdes mer känslomässigt drabbade. Flickorna beskrev att deras vardag blivit starkt påverkad av systerns sjukdom, medan pojkarna beskrev att deras vardagsliv med kompisar och aktiviteter inte påverkades i större utsträckning.Ett resultat som framkommer som något nytt och positivt i studien är att flera ungdomar framhåller att familjens rutiner vid maten blivit något bra för dem, sedan deras syster påbörjat sin ätstörningsbehandling. Flickorna förmedlar att de kommit sin syster mer nära och att de känner mer samhörighet nu än innan systern fick sin ätstörning. Om föräldrarna förmår att skapa en god struktur och ett öppet och stödjande samtalsklimat vid måltider så kan de negativa effekterna för familjen minskas och behandlingen skapa ett tillfälle för hela familjen att hitta bra rutiner för familjens måltider.
In my experience siblings of mentally ill children and adolescents have been an excluded group within health care. It is of great importance that their thoughts and feelings are expressed in order to find ways to meet up this group. The health care law emphasizes children´s need for information, advice and support. The study´s purpose was to examine adolescents’ experiences of living with a sibling suffering from an eating disorder. Three boys and two girls in the age 15-20 were interviewed in the study. The interviews were analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. This study confirms prior knowledge of adolescents’ experiences of living with a sibling who is suffering from an eating disorder. The adolescents are concerned about their siblings and lack information about their siblings’ illness and treatment progress. They are negatively affected by conflicts at mealtimes and several siblings are feeling shame about their siblings’ illness. There were differences in how brothers and sisters experienced their sisters´ disease. The girls seemed to be more emotionally affected. The girls described that their everyday life had been heavily influenced of their sisters´ illness, while the boys described that their everyday life with friends and activities weren´t affected to a greater extent. One new result that emerges as something positive was that several informants described that the eating disorder had led to better meal situations in the family. Although the adolescents described initial conflicts around meal times, it appeared that ones the parents took control and organized family meals together the adolescents could see that this was beneficiary for the whole family. The sisters described that they felt more togetherness now than before the sister had her eating disorder. If parents are able to create a good structure and an open and supportive climate at meals the negative effects for the family may be reduced and treatment may create an opportunity for the whole the family to find good meal routines.

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Midénius, Lina, and Linnéa Möllersten. "Patienter med ätstörningars upplevelser av vården : En allmän litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38650.

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Ätstörningar har blivit mer välkäntoch är en återkommande sjukdominom vården. En ohälsosam relation till mat finns i alla åldrar och relationen till mat utgör stor del av människors liv. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa hur patienter med ätstörningupplever vården. Metod: Studien är en allmän litteraturstudie där en innehållsanalys använts för att få framresultatet. Resultat: Resultatet består av tre ämnen:relationer, behandling och kunskap. Relationen med vårdpersonalen upplevdes hastorbetydelse för patienternas återhämtning. Inför behandlingen upplevde patienterna ambivalens,därför var det viktigt att patienterna fick vara delaktiga. Vårdpersonalens erfarenheter och kunskap innebar vägledning för patienterna att ändra sittbeteende. Konklusion: Relationer är behandlingensgrund och vårdpersonalen behöver ge ett braförstaintryck hos patienterna eftersom detförsta intrycket tenderaratt hålla sig kvar hos patienterna. Kontinuitet i vårdpersonalskapartrygghet och förtroende. Patienterna belyste vikten av att bli hörda och attindividenbakom ätstörningenuppmärksammades. Deupplevde ambivalens mot behandling då de var rädda att förlorakontrollen över ätstörningen, genom delaktighet upplevde patienterna en personcentrerad vård. Kunskap och erfarenheter hos vårdpersonalen belystes vara en viktig beståndsdel i behandlingen av ätstörningar.
Eating disorders are well-known and is a reoccurring concept within health care. An unhealthy relationship towards food is found within all ages, and the relationship to food constitutes a large part of human’s lives. Purpose: The purpose was to shed light on how patients with eating disorders experience health care. Methods: The study is a literature study where a content analysis was used. Results: The results consist of threesubjects: relationships,treatment and knowledge. The relationship to the care personnel was experienced to have a big impact on the patient’s recovery. Before treatment the patients experienced ambivalence, therefore it was important for them to be included in the treatment process. The care personnel’s experiences and knowledge meant guidance for the patients to change their behavior. Conclusions: Relationships are the foundation for thetreatment process and the care personnel should make a good first impression as it stays with the patients. Continuity among the personnel created safety and trust. The patients highlight the importance of being heard and seen as individuals. Patients experienced ambivalence towards treatment as they were afraid to lose control over the eating disorder. Knowledge and experience among the care personnel was an important part of the treatment.

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Inborr, Sara, and Lovisa Norlin. "Jag kan ju inte säga himmel och pannkaka vad du har gått ner i vikt! : Hur skolsköterskor upptäcker och bemöter elever med ätstörningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11252.

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Bakgrund: Barn och ungdomar i skolan som är missnöjda med sina kroppar tenderar att börja experimentera med mat och träningsvanor vilket kan leda till en ohälsosam kroppsuppfattning. Sociala medier tillsammans med andra media spelar en stor roll i hur de påverkar framförallt kvinnor. En utmaning för skolsköterskan är att lyckas identifiera och stötta dessa elever i ett tidigt stadium. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur skolsköterskor upptäcker och bemöter elever med ätstörningar. Metod: Intervjuer med åtta skolsköterskor utfördes efter så kallad snöbollsrekrytering och analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ innebördsanalys. Resultat: Skolsköterskan erfarenheter av att upptäcka och bemöta elever med ätstörningsproblematik visar att det krävs kompetens, samarbete sinsemellan skolpersonal och elevernas föräldrar samt att det är av största vikt för skolsköterskan att bilda en trygg relation med elever. Konklusion: Kontinuerligt utbyte av erfarenheter samt yrkesmässig handledning kring elever med ätstörningar skulle stärka skolsköterskor i deras profession.
Background: Children and adolescents in school who are dissatisfied with their bodies tend to start experimenting with food and their exercising behaviour which can lead to an unhealthy body image. Social media and other media also play a big role in how they affect women, above all. The challenge for school nurses is to identify and support these students. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe school nurses’ experiences from detecting and encountering students with eating disorders. Method: Interviews with eight school nurses were performed after snowball sampling and analysed using a meaning analysis of the context. Result:School nurses experience of detecting and encountering students with eating disorders shows that it demands competence, cooperation between mentors and the students parents together with an ability to show an open attitude and that it is important to build a trustworthy relationship with the students. Conclusion: Continuous exchange of experiences as well as professional guidance surrounding students with eating disorders would strengthen school nurses in their profession.

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Stenman, Elena, and Wanda Nilbrink. "Vad främjar tillfrisknandet från ätstörningar i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen? : en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-3500.

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Bakgrund Ätstörningar är en växande sjukdom i dagens samhälle och den mest utsatta gruppen är unga kvinnor mellan 15 och 25 års ålder. Ätstörningar är en global sjukdom men som framförallt ses i västvärlden där det smala idealet länge betraktats som det vackra och det framgångsrika och kan vara en stor riskfaktor för insjuknandet. Sjukdomens uppkomst kan bero på biologiska, psykologiska och/eller sociokulturella faktorer. För att kunna skapa ett fördelaktigt möte mellan hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal och individen med ätstörning är det viktigt att se personen bakom sjukdomen samt att relationen innehåller kunskap, tillit, trygghet och hopp. Syfte Syftet var att belysa vad patienten upplever främjar tillfrisknandet från en ätstörning i mötet med hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen. Metod Metoden som användes var en icke-systematisk litteraturöversikt. Sökandet efter vetenskapliga artiklar utfördes på databaserna Cinahl, PubMed och PsycINFO. 16 artiklar med övergripande kvalitativ metod, men även mixad och kvantitativ metod, inkluderades i resultatet. Resultat Det framkom sex huvudkategorier som patienterna med ätstörning upplevde vara viktiga i en vårdrelation för att kunna främja ett tillfrisknande: Behovet av att överlämna kontrollen till vårdpersonalen, Vikten av att känna tillit i mötet, Modergestaltens betydelse, Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens kunskap och erfarenhet, Se personen bakom ätstörningen samt Hoppets betydelse. Slutsats Hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalen bör ha en fördomslös inställning i vårdandet av en patient med ätstörning. Det är viktigt att vårdpersonalen har kunskap och är bekant med sjukdomen samt att lyckas förmedla tillit, hopp och trygghet i relationen för att främja behandlingen. Patienten med ätstörning vill separeras från sin ätstörning och bli sedd som personen bakom ätstörningen. Det är ytterst viktigt att som vårdpersonal och sjuksköterska kunna skilja på sjukdom och person för att kunna skapa en patientnära relation och vara en hjälpande hand i att främja hälsa.
Background Eating disorders are an increasing problem in the current society. Although it is considered a global disease, it is most common in the western world, and the highest prevalence is seen among young females aged 15-25. The ideal of being slim is considered equivalent to beauty and success and can easily be a risk factor of becoming ill. The onset of eating disorders could be connected to biological, psychological and/or sociocultural factors. In order to create a positive encounter between the ill person and the healthcare professionals, it is important to see the person behind the disease as well as to create a relationship with knowledge, trust, comfort and hope. Aim The aim was to illuminate the patient experience of what promotes recovery from an eating disorder when meeting healthcare professionals. Method The method used was a literature review. Databases Cinahl, PubMed and PsycINFO was used to find relevant scientific articles. 16 articles with mainly qualitative design, but also quantitative design and mixed methods, were chosen for the result. Results Six main categories constitute what patients with an eating disorder found was important in the interrelationship to promote recovery: The need of surrendering control, The importance of feeling trust in the relationship, The meaning of a maternal figure, Health care professionals’ knowledge and experience, To see the person behind the disease and The meaning of hope. Conclusions Health care professionals should carry a non-prejudiced attitude while caring for a patient suffering from an eating disorder. To be able to support recovery it is shown to be important for caregivers to possess knowledge about eating disorders and to convey trust, hope and the feeling of being safe in the relationship. The patient with an eating disorder wish to be distinguished from the eating disorder and for caregivers to see the person behind the disease. It is of great importance for health care professionals, including nurses, being able to distinguish the person from the eating disorder in order to establish a trusting relationship and promoting health.

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Bahari, Linda, and Kim Löfqvist. ""Jag brukar säga att jag varit i helvetet och behöver inte vara rädd för någonting" - upplevelser hos anhöriga till personer med ätstörningar." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24475.

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När en person drabbas av ätstörningar påverkas oundvikligen den sociala kontexten; inte minst hens familj och andra anhöriga. Innebörden i hur det är att vara anhörig till en person med psykisk ohälsa, såsom ätstörningar, är fortfarande ett relativt outforskat ämne. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att skildra upplevelser hos anhöriga till personer med ätstörningar. Vidare undersöks hur medberoende kan ta sig uttryck hos de anhöriga, och deras stödbehov identifieras. Åtta anhöriga till personer med ätstörningar intervjuades, och olika anhörigperspektiv åskådliggjordes då de hade olika positioner inom sina respektive familjer. Intervjupersonernas utsagor utgör studiens empiriska material. Intervjuerna var kvalitativa och semistrukturerade i syfte att fånga de anhörigas subjektiva perspektiv. Det empiriska materialet analyserades med hjälp av två teoretiska utgångspunkter; systemteori och medberoendebegreppet, samt relevant tidigare forskning. Resultatet belyser det faktum att anhörigskap till en person med ätstörningar innebär påfrestningar och stort lidande. Ätstörningen påverkar utan tvekan hela familjesystemet på olika sätt, och medberoende ges uttryck i olika strategier. Gällande anhörigstöd visar resultatet att det finns behov av olika former av stöd, eftersom anhöriga är en heterogen grupp med varierande behov.
An individual suffering from eating disorders will inevitably affect his or her social context; especially relatives within in the context of the family. The signification of being a relative of a person with mental illness, such as eating disorders, is still a relatively unnoticed topic. The purpose of this study is to describe and illustrate the experiences of being a relative of a family member suffering from eating disorders. Furthermore the aim is to examine how co-dependency can be expressed by the relative. Additionally the specific support needs in terms of being a relative is to be identified. Eight relatives of a family member with an eating disorder were interviewed, each providing us with a different perspective, as they had various positions within their families. Their statements constitute the empirical material of this study. The interviews were qualitative and semi-structured in order to capture the world as it is understood by their individual point of view. The analysis of the empirical material was based on two theories; systemic theory and concepts of co-dependency, as well as relevant previous research. The result highlights that being a relative of a family member with an eating disorder can be very stressful, and involves a great deal of suffering. The eating disorder affects the whole family-system in various ways, and co-dependency manifests in different strategies. Regarding relative support the result shows that various approaches are needed, as all relatives are different and hence have different needs.

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Fox, Andrew Paul. "Eating disorders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2009. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/423/.

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Overview This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology at the School of Psychology, University of Birmingham. The thesis consists of two volumes. Volume I This volume comprises two parts. The first part is a review of the literature regarding the role of attachment processes in the eating disorders. The second part is a qualitative study that investigates the personal meaning of eating disorder symptoms. The literature review suggests that although attachment processes appear to play a role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders, the precise relationship is unclear. This paper has been prepared for submission to the British Journal of Clinical Psychology. The empirical study uses interpretative phenomenological analysis in an effort to understand the sense people make of their eating disorder experiences. This paper has been prepared for submission to the Journal of Health Psychology. The Executive Summary is also submitted in this volume. Volume II Five Clinical Practice Reports (CPR) are presented in this volume. The first report details the case of a young man experiencing panic attacks and anxiety, formulated from a cognitive-behavioural and psychodynamic perspective. The second report is an evaluation of a new assessment process within a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service. The third report is a single-case experimental study of an older woman who was experiencing panic-attacks and separation anxiety. The fourth report is a case study of psychotic experiences in a middle-aged man with learning disabilities, formulated from a person-based cognitive therapy perspective. The fifth report is the abstract of an oral presentation of attachment-related considerations within work with a substance-misuse service. All names and identifying features have been changed to ensure confidentiality.

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Wingerstad, Stina, and Marie Westerberg. "Motiverande samtal i omvårdnaden av personer med ätstörningar : En bro till den terapeutiska alliansen." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33016.

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Eating disorders are characterised as a sustaining disorder of eating and mainly affects young women. Previous research has found that lack of motivation and ambivalence complicates the recovery. From a caring perspective, motivation to change is important for recovery. The aim of the literature review was to illustrate motivational interviewing in the care of people with eating disorders. The study was performed as a literature review through structured searching with critical review of previous research. The literature review found associations between motivational interviewing and improved motivation in people with eating disorders. Motivational interviewing resulted in increased readiness for change and increased commitment in treatment. Motivational interviewing made it possible with openness, honesty and understanding between the nurse and the person with eating disorders; a therapeutic alliance was established. The study found that the therapeutic alliance entailed a mutual cooperation, in which the person found support to develop own resources for recovery. Research on motivational interviewing in the care of people with eating disorders is limited which leads to gaps in knowledge and indicates that further research is motivated. The study indicates that nurses need depth knowledge about eating disorders and motivational interviewing.

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Hill, Becky Carolynn. "Eating disorders during pregnancy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq22744.pdf.

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Wilshere, Veronica. "Mentalization and eating disorders." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543931.

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Nicholson, Josie. "Relationships and Eating Disorders." Thesis, City University London, 2010. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/1150/.

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Kalinowski, Katherine. "Eating disorders : between people." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/14512/.

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The National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has suggested that 1.6 million people in the UK are affected by eating disorders (NICE, 2004). Generally speaking, eating disorders have major physical, psychological and social consequences (Hjern et al., 2006), often characterized by a poor quality of life (De la Rie et al., 2007) and a high health burden (Mond et al., 2009). Furthermore, anorexia nervosa has the highest rate of mortality of any psychiatric disorder, due to both medical complications associated with the disorder and suicide (BEAT, 2014). This statistic alone is indicative of the vitality of eating disorder research particularly that focused on treatment and prevention. Though the ‘poor quality of life’ and ‘high health burden’ are attributed to the individual sufferer, these adverse complications often seep into the immediate family, including children (Stitt & Rupert, 2014). The majority of studies in this field have explored the impact of parental eating disorders on their children; with a focus on the quantitative relationship between the maternal eating disorder and child development, birth weight and feeding logistics (Stitt & Rupert, 2014). The mother’s subjective experience has been widely neglected. Linville et al. have explored the sociocultural influences on the development of eating disorders. Their evidence suggested that the parents, as the primary socialization agents to their children, significantly influence the development of body image disturbances and disordered eating (Linville et al., 2011). Familial eating disorder pathology has long been a source of ongoing investigation, as studies have consistently indicated that the immediate relatives of individuals with anorexia nervosa show an increased risk of developing an eating disorder themselves (Watkins, Cooper & Lask, 2012). Though the degree of correlation pertaining to genetic and environmental influence is unclear, the link itself is consistent and compelling (Lilenfeld & Kaye, 1998). This chapter will consider the literature surrounding mothers’ experiences of feeding her children while having a disordered relationship with food. First I will consider the impact that parental psychiatric disorders have on their children, specifically, the relationship between maternal eating disorders and child development. I will then review the evidence that characterizes the children of mothers with eating disorders as a ‘at risk’ population. Previous research has identified a number of difficulties that mothers with eating disorders encounter within their parenting role; these will be explored, with a particular focus on the mothers’ subjective experience of feeding their children. And finally, the literature on the transgenerational transmission of eating disorders from mother to child will be reviewed. Treatment options will be contemplated, with a view to creating interventions specifically tailored to mothers with eating disorders and their families. A look forward in the direction of future research will be explored, specifically the effectiveness of family therapy for adults with eating disorders. There is an uneven distribution in the literature of research focused on the quantitative impact of maternal eating disorders on children and the risk of transmission. This bias manifests in an unsaturated body of evidence exploring the mothers’ experience. The current chapter will reflect this disproportionate emphasis and attend to both the majority and minority perspectives. This literature review will illuminate the need for more qualitative research, exploring the mothers’ experience of being a parent while having an eating disorder, specifically, her subjective account of engaging in the function of feeding her children.

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Crino, Natalie. "Metacognition and eating disorders." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12643.

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Cognitive theories of emotional disorder maintain that psychological dysfunction is associated with a disturbance in thoughts and beliefs. In contrast, the self-regulatory executive function theory of emotional disorder (Wells & Matthews, 1994), posits that psychological disturbance is associated with metacognitive beliefs that promote the use of dysfunctional metacognitive control strategies. The aim of the thesis was to investigate whether metacognitive beliefs and metacognitive control strategies are associated with symptoms and features of eating disorders. In pursuit of this aim, two studies were undertaken examining: features of cognition between diagnostic groups, and compared to a non-clinical group; the inter-relatedness of cognitive and metacognitive constructs and their associations with symptoms; strategy-use during body exposure and cognitive predictors of state- and physical appearance anxiety; cognitive and metacognitive predictors of early treatment response in patients undergoing cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for an eating disorder. In Study 1, 90 clinical- and 108 non-clinical participants engaged in a guided 3-minute body exposure task, and then completed questionnaires measuring affective state, and engagement in- and efficacy of thought control strategies. In Study 2, 103 clinical participants engaged in either day-hospital or outpatient CBT. After 12-weeks of treatment, symptom measures were re-administered. The overall results indicated that, firstly, eating disorder subgroups have a similar cognitive profile, but differ substantially from a non-clinical group. Secondly, the pattern of inter-relationships between cognitive and metacognitive variables was found to be multidimensional. Thirdly, the clinical group displayed a greater tendency to use maladaptive thinking strategies in general, but not under body exposure conditions. Fourthly, metacognitive variables were only found to be associated with features of the disorder that are not specific to eating disorders. However, they were found to predict degree of treatment change in dietary restraint, bulimia, body dissatisfaction and stress, which suggests that targeting metacognitive processes may be important for facilitating change in these symptoms.

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Schulz, Constanze Anja. "Early eating patterns of women with eating disorders." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25166.

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AIM: Anorexia, bulimia and obesity have become a problem for increasing numbers of females of all ages. Like eating itself, pathological eating patterns can be regarded as products of historical, societal, family and individual factors. The aim of the present study was to explore whether early experiences with food and eating influenced women's eating patterns in later life and furthermore if there are specific aspects of socialisation in regards to food which are associated with the development of a specific form of eating disorder. METHOD: The retrospective accounts of women with anorexia nervosa (n=18), bulimia nervosa (n=21) or severe obesity (n=18) were compared with those of women without an eating pathology (n=20). A semi-structured interview was conducted in addition to self-rating questionnaires about current eating behaviour (EDI, EAT, BITE) and relationships with parents and peers during childhood (PBI, PARTS). The data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative methods. RESULTS: The families of the four sub-groups differed surprisingly little concerning food and eating. However, significant differences in the informants' relationship with their mothers were found, with the eating disordered women describing their mothers as less caring and more overprotective. In addition there was a positive correlation between this parenting style of 'affectionless control' and severity of eating pathology. Qualitative analysis underlined that the sub-groups differed not only in their experience of parental control but also in how they responded to it. Body shape as a child emerged as an important factor in interview and questionnaires. Heavier weight in childhood was' associated with earlier onset of dieting and persistent negative body image. All three eating disordered sub-groups described themselves as being heavier as children and reported more size related teasing by peers and (in particular male) family members. CONCLUSION: The literature reviewed and the present study add further weight to the evidence of a link between early eating related experiences and the later manifestation of eating problems. However the link between socialisation in regards to food and eating and the development of a specific form of eating disorder is more tentative.

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Mamic, Karolina. "Att förstå ätstörningar : En kvalitativ studie baserad på kvinnors egna berättelser om hur det är att leva med ätstörningar." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35119.

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The aim of this study is to create a deeper understanding of the disease known as eating disorder. The study is based on four autobiographies written by individuals who themselves have been affected by eating disorders. These stories have been studied using a narrative approach. To achieve the purpose, the study is focused on what participants describe as the factors underlying the onset of the disease, the factors that participants describe maintained their eating disorders, as well as what is described to be the factors responsible for their recovery. By my interpretation of the stories, I have been able to identify common factors that all participants describe to be influential in their disease course. The common factors that have been identified are relationships, expectations and emotions. The result shows that it is possible to see a variation in how these factors have influenced the participants' disease course. The variety of how these factors have influenced suggests that each individual's care is unique. The results have been analyzed by using the theory of social construction.

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Swinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.

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Research indicates that eating disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur. The prevalence of anxiety disorders amongst anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa samples has been reported in a number of investigations. Despite the significant number of research papers investigating the comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders, many are plagued by methodological problems, limiting the usefulness of findings. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of research examining the prevalence of eating disorders among anxiety patients, and as a result, the frequency of eating disorder pathology among patients presenting to specialty anxiety clinics is unclear. The current research investigated the prevalence of comorbid eating and anxiety disorders amongst 152 women presenting for either eating disorder treatment or anxiety disorder treatment. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was determined from a sample of 100 women presenting for inpatient and outpatient eating disorder treatment. The prevalence of eating disorders was determined from a sample of 52 women presenting for outpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder. The current study found that 65% of women with eating disorders also met criteria for at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 69% reported the onset of the anxiety disorder to precede the onset of the eating disorder. Of the anxiety disorders diagnosed, Social Phobia was most frequently diagnosed (42%) followed by PTSD (26%), GAD (23%), OCD (5%), Panic/Ag (3%) and Specific Phobia (2%). We also found that 13.5% of women presenting for anxiety treatment also met criteria for a comorbid eating disorder. The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of eating and anxiety disorder comorbidity is high. It is hoped that the present research will have significant etiological and therapeutic implications and further the understanding of the development and maintenance of eating disorder pathology.

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45

Swinbourne, Jessica M. "The comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4026.

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Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)
Research indicates that eating disorders and anxiety disorders frequently co-occur. The prevalence of anxiety disorders amongst anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa samples has been reported in a number of investigations. Despite the significant number of research papers investigating the comorbidity between eating disorders and anxiety disorders, many are plagued by methodological problems, limiting the usefulness of findings. Furthermore, there is a significant lack of research examining the prevalence of eating disorders among anxiety patients, and as a result, the frequency of eating disorder pathology among patients presenting to specialty anxiety clinics is unclear. The current research investigated the prevalence of comorbid eating and anxiety disorders amongst 152 women presenting for either eating disorder treatment or anxiety disorder treatment. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was determined from a sample of 100 women presenting for inpatient and outpatient eating disorder treatment. The prevalence of eating disorders was determined from a sample of 52 women presenting for outpatient treatment of an anxiety disorder. The current study found that 65% of women with eating disorders also met criteria for at least one comorbid anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 69% reported the onset of the anxiety disorder to precede the onset of the eating disorder. Of the anxiety disorders diagnosed, Social Phobia was most frequently diagnosed (42%) followed by PTSD (26%), GAD (23%), OCD (5%), Panic/Ag (3%) and Specific Phobia (2%). We also found that 13.5% of women presenting for anxiety treatment also met criteria for a comorbid eating disorder. The results of this study suggest that the prevalence of eating and anxiety disorder comorbidity is high. It is hoped that the present research will have significant etiological and therapeutic implications and further the understanding of the development and maintenance of eating disorder pathology.

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46

Milos, Gabriella. "Eating disorders : a dynamic phenomenon /." Zürich, 2005. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253494.

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47

Björck, Caroline. "Self-image and eating disorders /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-670-0/.

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48

Ioannou, Korina. "Emotional Expression in Eating Disorders." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492753.

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Over the recent years, research has documented links between eating disorder (ED) symptomatology and deficits in emotional functioning, with respect to the identification, differentiation and expression of affective states. Theoretical models of eating disorders have become increasingly sophisticated, alluding to the functional role of disordered eating in alleviating negative affect, through physiological and cognitive pathways. The aims of the study were a) to ascertain the specificity of emotional expression problems in women with ED, relative to women with depression and normal controls, b) to compare perceptions of threat posed by emotions among the three groups, c) to determine the relationship between emotional expression and perceptions of threat from emotion in the ED sample, and d) to extend a previous study (Hayaki et al., 2002a) to an ED sample, by exploring the relationship between emotional expression and body dissatisfaction, using a multiple hierarchical regression model.

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Thomas, Michael. "Existential interventions in eating disorders." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2001. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11482/.

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This study provides the result of a doctorate research into the impact of existential psychotherapeutic interventions with people experiencing chronic eating disorders. The results indicate that positive outcomes are correlated to therapeutic interventions which concentrate on the clients own perception of control and choice over their own eating habits. The research aim was to explore both the effects and the effectiveness of existential therapy in altering the individuals subjective interpretation of their Self when they are deeply immersed in the experience of disordered eating. Interventions went beyond the cognitive-behavioural approaches into the implementation of existential psychotherapy which helped individuals to explore the existential concerns of life, choice, hope, social inclusion and love within the context of their own sense of Being. This focus led to an improvement in all study subjects and a reduction in the use of mental health resources. All individuals entered the study following assessment criteria which included chronicity, lengthy use of mental health services and past therapeutic interventions. Three diagnostic criteria were included, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Morbid Obesity. Data presented in the study supported the original premise that all three eating disorders share underlying similarities and justify the inclusion of the diagnostic criteria of morbid obesity within the study. Therapy was either in closed groups or individual and consisted of a fixed number of one-hour sessions. Therapeutic techniques included cognitive-behavioural therapy and person-centred counselling focusing on self-esteem and self-assertion, as well as an existential focus on dualistic perception of the mind/body, the conscious sense of the present and the affective bond with food itself. A series of therapeutic phases were structured to demonstrate the progress from interventions in self-esteem and self-assertion to existential concerns and principles. Taking therapy beyond cognitive-behavioural techniques involved the application of Yaloms' (1980) and Strasser and Strassers' (1997) Existential Therapy and an exploration of Duker and Slades' (1988) concepts of the fragmentation of the sense of Self in individuals experiencing eating disorders. The research demonstrated important differences between the professional perception of appropriate eating and alteration in weight as successful clinical outcomes, and the clients’ dependency on disordered eating as a source of release from interacting with others. Mental health interventions were perceived by clients as attempts to stop such a release without providing a substitute. A clear sense of loss was presented by all study subjects when eating was controlled by others. In most cases disordered eating was habitual and the emotional effects of raised or lowered glucose levels gave a sense of numbness and nothingness which was actively pursued. This was also attained when disordered eating was combined with other self-harm behaviours. Mental health practitioners inadvertently prevented the attainment of a sense of numbness by their focus on eating and body weight. The encouragement of food regimes causes increased anxiety for all clients leading to poor compliance levels. The research results have the potential to impact on mental health education and clinical services as the data indicates that individuals with disordered eating gain more benefit when the therapeutic focus is less on restoring appropriate eating habits and more on the individuals sense of Self; the importance of food intake as a source of escape from others and escape from the internal awareness of Self.

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Bamber, Diane. "Exercise dependence and eating disorders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364463.

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