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Статті в журналах з теми "Dynamique des piétons"
Bourgois, Laurie, Jean-Michel Auberlet, and Haifa Rabaï. "Adaptation dynamique des piétons. Vers un modèle guidé par la perception." Revue d'intelligence artificielle 27, no. 3 (April 30, 2013): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/ria.27.347-370.
Повний текст джерелаBaraud-Serfaty, Isabelle. "Les nouveaux partages de l’espace public." Le Visiteur N° 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/visit.024.0081.
Повний текст джерелаCharles, Pascal, and Wasoodev Hoorpah. "Comportement dynamique des passerelles piétonnes." Revue Européenne de Génie Civil 10, no. 8 (September 2006): 959–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17747120.2006.9692865.
Повний текст джерелаCharles, Pascal, and Wassodey Hoorpah. "Comportement dynamique des passerelles piétonnes. Présentation du guide proposé par le GT Sétra/AFGC pour l'évaluation du comportement vibratoire des passerelles piétonnes." Revue européenne de génie civil 10, no. 8 (October 28, 2006): 959–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/regc.10.959-971.
Повний текст джерелаMuszyńska, Elżbieta, and Elżbieta Tomaszewska-Taton. "Val d’Europe – ville du XXI siècle." Mazowsze Studia Regionalne 2019, no. 30 (October 2019): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21858/msr.30.01.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Dynamique des piétons"
Kabalan, Bachar. "Dynamique des foules : modélisation du mouvement des piétons et forces associées engendrées." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1126/document.
Повний текст джерелаCrowds are present almost everywhere and affect several aspects of our lives. They are considered to be on of the most complex systems whose dynamics, resulting from individual interactions and giving rise to fascinating phenomena, is very difficult to understand and have always intrigued experts from various domains. The technological advancement, especially in computer performance, has allowed to model and simulate pedestrian movement. Research from different disciplines, such as social sciences and bio-mechanics, who are interested in studying crowd movement and pedestrian interactions were able to better examine and understand the dynamics of the crowd. Professionals from architects and transport planners to fire engineers and security advisors are also interested in crowd models that would help them to optimize the design and operation of a facility. In this thesis, we have worked on the imporvement of a discrete crowd model developed by the researchers from the dynamics group in Navier laboratory. In this model, the actions and decisions taken by each individual are treated. In its previous version, the model was used to simulate urgent evacuations. Three main aspects of the model were addressed in this thesis. The first one concerns pedestrian navigation towards a final destination. In our model, a pedestrian is represented by a disk having a willingness to head to a certain destination with a desired direction and a desired speed. A desired direction is attributed to each pedestrian, depending on his position from the exit, from a floor field that is obtained by solving the eikonal equation. Solving this equation a single time at the beginning of the simulation or several times at during the simulation allows us to obtain the shortest path or the fastest path strategy respectively. The influence of the two strategies on the collective dynamics of the crowds is compared. The second one consists of managing pedestrian-pedestrian interactions. After having chosen his/her direction according to one of the available strategies, a pedestrian is bound to interact with other pedestrians present on the chosen path. We have integrated three pedestrian behaviors in our model: (i) pushing by using an original approach based on the theory of rigid body collisions in a rigorous thermodynamics context, (ii) forcing one's way by introducing a social repulsive force and (iii) "normal" avoidance by using a cognitive approach based on two heuristics. The three methods are compared for different criteria. The last aspect is the validation and verification of the model. We have performed a sensibility study and validated the model qualitatively and quantitatively. Using a numerical experimental plan, we identified the input parameters that are the most statistically significant and estimated the effects of their interactions. Concerning qualitative validation, we showed that our model is able to reproduce several self-organization phenomena such as lane formation. Finally, our model was validated quantitatively for the case of a bottleneck. The experimental results are very close to the ones obtained from simulations. The model was also applied to pedestrian movement in the Noisy-Champs train station. The objective of the study was to estimate the train dwell time. The simulation results were similar to the observations
Bain, Nicolas. "Hydrodynamics of polarized crowds : experiments and theory." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN078/document.
Повний текст джерелаModelling crowd motion is central to situations as diverse as risk prevention in mass events and visual effects rendering in the motion picture industry. The difficulty to perform quantitative measurements in model experiments, and the lack of reference experimental system, have however strongly limited our ability to model and control pedestrian flows. The aim of this thesis is to strengthen our understanding of human crowds, following two distinct approaches.First, we designed a numerical model to study the lane formation process among bidirectional flows of motile particles. We first evidenced the existence of two distinct phases: one fully laned and one homogeneously mixed, separated by a critical phase transition, unique to active systems. We then showed with a hydrodynamic approach that the mixed phase is algebraically correlated in the direction of the flow. We elucidated the origin of these strong correlations and proved that they were a universal feature of any system of oppositely moving particles, active of passive.Second, we conducted a substantial experimental campaign to establish a model experiment of human crowds. For that purpose we performed systematic measurements on crowds composed of tens of thousands of road-race participants in start corrals, a geometrically simple setup. We established that speed information propagates through polarized crowds over system spanning scales, while orientational information is lost in a few seconds. Building on these observations, we laid out a hydrodynamic theory of polarized crowds and demonstrated its predictive power
Simo, Kanmeugne Patrick. "Simulation crédible des déplacements de piétons en temps réel : modèle microscopique à influence macroscopique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066477.
Повний текст джерелаSimo, Kanmeugne Patrick. "Simulation crédible des déplacements de piétons en temps réel : modèle microscopique à influence macroscopique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066597.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we focus on real-time simulation of autonomous pedestrians navigation. Existing models for this purpose tend to diverge on whether to build on pedestrians' characteristics and local interactions - microscopic approaches - or to focus on pedestrians' flow regardless of individual characteristics - macroscopic approaches. Our position is that the two approaches should not be separated. Thus, we introduce a Macroscopic-Influenced Microscopic approach which aims at reducing the gap between microscopic and macroscopic approaches by providing credible walking paths for a potentially highly congested crowd of autonomous pedestrians. Our approach originates from a least-effort formulation of the navigation task, which allows us to consistently account for congestion at every levels of decision. We use the multi-agent paradigm and describe pedestrians as autonomous and situated agents who plan dynamically for energy efficient paths, and interact with each other through the environment. The navigable space is considered as a set of contiguous resources that agents use to build their paths. We emulate the dynamic path computation for each agent with an evolutionary search algorithm that implement a tabu search heuristic, especially designed to be executed in real-time and autonomously. We have compared an implementation of our approach with a standard microscopic model, against low-density and high density scenarios, with encouraging results in terms of credibility and scalability. We believe that microscopic models could be easily extended to embrace our approach, thus providing richer simulations of potentially highly congested crowd of autonomous pedestrians
Butano, Matteo. "Mean-Field Games Applied to Pedestrian Dynamics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP064.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis explores pedestrian dynamics through experimental observations and simulations, focusing on the operational layer of pedestrian movement. Experiments involving a controlled crowd and a moving cylindrical obstacle, reveal that pedestrians exhibit anticipatory behaviors that deviate from granular behavior. The thesis challenges two existing pedestrian dynamics models, of different complexity showing their limitations in capturing the observed anticipatory behaviors. These models are found to be too myopic, focusing on short-term decisions without adequately accounting for long-term anticipations. To address these shortcomings, this work proposes a model based on the theory of Mean-Field Games (MFG). MFG models, which combine optimal control and game theory, describe interactions among a large number of agents via their average density, simplifying the mathematical framework. The MFG model successfully predicts the experimental anticipation patterns by incorporating a discount factor that adjusts the weight of future events in the optimization process. Additionally, the thesis presents two corollary projects. The first has the goal to integrate MFG with agent-based microscopic models to handle scenarios requiring detailed individual interactions, such as evacuations. The second explores using Physics Informed Neural Networks to solve MFG equations
Gate, Gwennaël. "Systèmes de perception robustes pour environnements dynamiques : applications aux systèmes d'évitement de piétons." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00006057.
Повний текст джерелаPerul, Johan. "Localisation autonome par apprentissage des dynamiques de déplacement en transport multimodal." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECDN0021.
Повний текст джерелаThe growing development of smart objects offers new opportunities for locating the connected traveller. However, tracking the trajectory of the pedestrian remains problematic and navigation applications do not offer to track the traveller's trajectory on a multimodal level in an autonomous way. This work focuses on the implementation of a single solution able to locate the user according to different travel modes and whatever the environment, using inertial, magnetic and GNSS sensors. In a first step, a new method for locating the cyclist is implemented. GNSS phase measurements are used to correct the velocity vector by time differences and the motion direction is constrained using inertial signals. These elements were used in a second step and adapted to implement a new method of pedestrian localization with a handheld sensor. The PDR approach, which is an inertial dead reckoning navigation technique, is parameterized in an extended Kalman filter. An innovative update merging the device attitude estimation and a statistical estimation of the walking direction allows to correct the walking heading estimation and obtain a consistent and smoothed estimation. GNSS measurements are used to correct speed vector, orientation, step length and absolute position. Finally, a multimodal approach is proposed and the management of transitions between the different algorithms, assisted by the use of an innovative sensor, is studied. Multimodal experimental validations in real conditions are conducted to analyze the estimation performances of the proposed solution
Lécureux-Mercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d'onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00452936.
Повний текст джерелаMercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d'onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00705215.
Повний текст джерелаMercier, Magali. "Étude de différents aspects des EDP hyperboliques : persistance d’onde de choc dans la dynamique des fluides compressibles, modélisation du trafic routier, stabilité des lois de conservation scalaires." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO10246/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn this work, we study hyperbolic systems of balance laws. The first part is devoted to compressible fluid dynamics, and particularly to the lifespan of smooth or piecewise smooth solutions. After presenting the state of art, we show an extension to more general gases of a theorem by Grassin.We also study shock waves solutions: first, we extend T. T. Li's approach to estimate the time of existence in the isentropic spherical case; second, we develop Whitham's ideas to obtain an approximated equation satisfied by the discontinuity surface. In the second part, we set up a new model for a roundabout. This leads us to study a multi-class extension of the macroscopic Lighthill-Whitham-Richards' model. We study the traffic on an infinite road, with some points of junction. We distinguish vehicles according to their origin and destination and add some boundary conditions at the junctions. We obtain existence and uniqueness of a weak entropy solution for the Riemann problem. As a complement, we provide numerical simulations that exhibit solutions with a long time of existence. Finally, the Cauchy problem is tackled by the front tracking method. In the last part, we are interested in scalar hyperbolic balance laws. The first question addressed is the control of the total variation and the stability of entropy solutions with respect to flow and source. With this result, we can study equations with non-local flow, which do not fit into the framework of classical theorems. We show here that these kinds of equations are well posed and we show the Gâteaux-differentiability with respect to initial conditions, which is important to characterize maxima or minima of a given cost functional
Книги з теми "Dynamique des piétons"
Pedestrian dynamics: Mathematical theory and evacuation control. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2009.
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