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Статті в журналах з теми "Dynamique des foules"
Belly, Marlène. "Le cantique sur timbre dans le répertoire de Montfort : une expression des marges." Port Acadie, no. 24-25-26 (October 31, 2013): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019130ar.
Повний текст джерелаHugonnier, Louis, Denis Maréchal, and Caroline Font. "Archéogéographie et sources anciennes au service du temps long villageois : les cas de Chevrières et de Couloisy (Oise)." Archéologie du Midi médiéval 36, no. 1 (2018): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/amime.2018.2194.
Повний текст джерелаOrlean, André. "Mimétisme et anticipations rationnelles: une perspective keynésienne." Recherches économiques de Louvain 52, no. 1 (March 1986): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0770451800082750.
Повний текст джерелаDesan, Suzanne. "Gender, Radicalization, and the October Days." French Historical Studies 43, no. 3 (August 1, 2020): 359–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00161071-8278435.
Повний текст джерелаResnik, Salomon. "La visibilité de l’inconscient." Revue de psychothérapie psychanalytique de groupe 1, no. 1 (1985): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rppg.1985.874.
Повний текст джерелаLequint, Rémi, and Éric Fouache. "Contributions of a geoarchaeological study of Wissant Bay (Pas-de-Calais, France)." Annales de la Société Géologique du Nord, no. 19 (December 1, 2012): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54563/asgn.1364.
Повний текст джерелаGentili, François, and Eddy Séthian. "Le terroir de Serris / Jossigny au haut Moyen Âge : dynamique d’occupation et hiérarchie des habitats à partir des fouilles préventives." Archéologie du Midi médiéval 9, no. 1 (2020): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/amime.2020.2214.
Повний текст джерелаTremoleda, Joaquim, and Pere Castanyer. "La producción de ánforas vinarias en el alfar romano de Ermedàs (Cornellà del Terri, Girona)." Revue archéologique de Narbonnaise 50, no. 1 (2017): 237–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ran.2017.1958.
Повний текст джерелаQUÉNIART, Anne, and Roch HURTUBISE. "Nouvelles familles, nouveaux défis pour la sociologie de la famille." Sociologie et sociétés 30, no. 1 (September 30, 2002): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001602ar.
Повний текст джерелаOrgiazzi-Billon-Galland, Isabelle. "Fantasmatic Dynamics of the Family: A Projective Approach and Psychosis." Rorschachiana 24, no. 1 (January 2000): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1192-5604.24.1.54.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Dynamique des foules"
Sacks, Kim. "Foules et coercition : flux, ordres et dynamique du chaos." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H327.
Повний текст джерелаThrough the analysis of artistic and media-generated imagery, this text seeks to shed light on the mechanisms of the society of the spectacle, altered by the revolutions of information and communication technology. In virtual spaces, mediatization has emerged as the main modality of every dematerialized interaction. Image exercises power and conditions behaviors, but may also act counter to the dominant stream of spectacle thus opening a space for a counter-current both controversial and radical. This text examines how image is consumed in this society of the spectacle, in which coercion drives crowd psychology - fluid clouds of unique separated particles whose chaotic movements appear unpredictable. This research establishes a typology of crowds revised through the coercion of images, media, and the power of technology over individual freewill. By studying iconic images of violence and death in global visual events - as exemplified in The Falling Man, a photograph that stuns the viewer - the text raises issues concerning the seeming tensions between devices, information and crowds, while displaying the portrait of hypermodern Man in his relationship toward virtual crowds. Man, subjected to incessant streams of images, seems to be on a permanent quest for a freedom which eludes him, a consequence of an identity slowly dissipating into the mainstream. This text proposes an analysis of a society running adrift, a society offering nothing but a life of selfdisembodiment into technological devices : utopia of a new transparent Man, deprived of self, living only in the hope of achieving immortality by projecting the self into the information stream
Kabalan, Bachar. "Dynamique des foules : modélisation du mouvement des piétons et forces associées engendrées." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1126/document.
Повний текст джерелаCrowds are present almost everywhere and affect several aspects of our lives. They are considered to be on of the most complex systems whose dynamics, resulting from individual interactions and giving rise to fascinating phenomena, is very difficult to understand and have always intrigued experts from various domains. The technological advancement, especially in computer performance, has allowed to model and simulate pedestrian movement. Research from different disciplines, such as social sciences and bio-mechanics, who are interested in studying crowd movement and pedestrian interactions were able to better examine and understand the dynamics of the crowd. Professionals from architects and transport planners to fire engineers and security advisors are also interested in crowd models that would help them to optimize the design and operation of a facility. In this thesis, we have worked on the imporvement of a discrete crowd model developed by the researchers from the dynamics group in Navier laboratory. In this model, the actions and decisions taken by each individual are treated. In its previous version, the model was used to simulate urgent evacuations. Three main aspects of the model were addressed in this thesis. The first one concerns pedestrian navigation towards a final destination. In our model, a pedestrian is represented by a disk having a willingness to head to a certain destination with a desired direction and a desired speed. A desired direction is attributed to each pedestrian, depending on his position from the exit, from a floor field that is obtained by solving the eikonal equation. Solving this equation a single time at the beginning of the simulation or several times at during the simulation allows us to obtain the shortest path or the fastest path strategy respectively. The influence of the two strategies on the collective dynamics of the crowds is compared. The second one consists of managing pedestrian-pedestrian interactions. After having chosen his/her direction according to one of the available strategies, a pedestrian is bound to interact with other pedestrians present on the chosen path. We have integrated three pedestrian behaviors in our model: (i) pushing by using an original approach based on the theory of rigid body collisions in a rigorous thermodynamics context, (ii) forcing one's way by introducing a social repulsive force and (iii) "normal" avoidance by using a cognitive approach based on two heuristics. The three methods are compared for different criteria. The last aspect is the validation and verification of the model. We have performed a sensibility study and validated the model qualitatively and quantitatively. Using a numerical experimental plan, we identified the input parameters that are the most statistically significant and estimated the effects of their interactions. Concerning qualitative validation, we showed that our model is able to reproduce several self-organization phenomena such as lane formation. Finally, our model was validated quantitatively for the case of a bottleneck. The experimental results are very close to the ones obtained from simulations. The model was also applied to pedestrian movement in the Noisy-Champs train station. The objective of the study was to estimate the train dwell time. The simulation results were similar to the observations
Bain, Nicolas. "Hydrodynamics of polarized crowds : experiments and theory." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN078/document.
Повний текст джерелаModelling crowd motion is central to situations as diverse as risk prevention in mass events and visual effects rendering in the motion picture industry. The difficulty to perform quantitative measurements in model experiments, and the lack of reference experimental system, have however strongly limited our ability to model and control pedestrian flows. The aim of this thesis is to strengthen our understanding of human crowds, following two distinct approaches.First, we designed a numerical model to study the lane formation process among bidirectional flows of motile particles. We first evidenced the existence of two distinct phases: one fully laned and one homogeneously mixed, separated by a critical phase transition, unique to active systems. We then showed with a hydrodynamic approach that the mixed phase is algebraically correlated in the direction of the flow. We elucidated the origin of these strong correlations and proved that they were a universal feature of any system of oppositely moving particles, active of passive.Second, we conducted a substantial experimental campaign to establish a model experiment of human crowds. For that purpose we performed systematic measurements on crowds composed of tens of thousands of road-race participants in start corrals, a geometrically simple setup. We established that speed information propagates through polarized crowds over system spanning scales, while orientational information is lost in a few seconds. Building on these observations, we laid out a hydrodynamic theory of polarized crowds and demonstrated its predictive power
Dufour, Oscar. "Enhanced agent-based models for pedestrian crowds : insights from empirical data at the Festival of Lights and refinements of mechanical interactions, pedestrian shapes, and decisional aspects." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10338.
Повний текст джерелаWith the surge in mass events, crowd dynamics have become an increasingly important subject of study. Understanding how groups move and evolve in space, particularly at medium and high densities, is crucial for organising such events.The first section of this PhD dissertation presents one of the first field datasets on dense crowds. This dataset includes pedestrian trajectories and meta-information collected during the 2022 Festival of Lights in Lyon as part of the Franco-German MADRAS project. It includes up to 7000 trajectories, GPS data, and contact information. In addition, some rare events have been identified, providing an in-depth description of pedestrian dynamics in complex, real-life scenarios. Subsequently, I develop a theoretical framework for modelling crowd dynamics that integrates a decision-making component, where pedestrians regularly adjust their desired speed, and a mechanical layer that confronts these decisions with the surrounding physical reality. Most existing models fail to faithfully reproduce mechanical interactions, often relying on idealised interaction forces and simplified circular shapes. Drawing inspiration from the scientific literature on grain dynamics, I integrate more realistic mechanical interactions into the Newtonian equations, using damped springs that are tangential and normal to the contact surfaces. I also use anthropometric data to represent the human contour as faithfully as possible, in two dimensions, rather than using simple discs. This allows me to create a synthetic crowd that incorporates individual heterogeneity. Regarding decision-making, pedestrians strive to choose a desired speed while adhering to various metabolic, physical, and psychological constraints, largely supported by empirical data. These constraints include:- A destination constraint which considers the goal of reaching a specific location.- Biomechanical limits related to the muscular and articular capacities of pedestrians.- A cost associated with the misalignment between the body and the desired direction of movement.- A desire to preserve one's social bubble, a zone that individuals wish to keep free of any intrusion, whether from obstacles or neighbouring pedestrians.- An intention to avoid collisions or interpenetration of comfort spaces during movement based on the estimation of time to collision.This comfort space is modelled by a scalar field of discomfort whose contours are not simply circular. The model is implemented in C++ and tested in various scenarios. After validation in simple situations involving pairs of pedestrians or a pedestrian near a wall, I successfully compare the model's predictions with experiments involving the propagation of a push through a row of people, evacuations, and weaving movements between walls and pedestrians.Finally, I investigate collective phenomena that occur not only in crowds but also in vehicular traffic, specifically stop-and-go waves resulting from the growth of dynamical instabilities. To better understand these phenomena, I simulate a car-following model that relies on maintaining a constant time gap with the following vehicle. Although the deterministic version of the model is unconditionally stable, introducing noise intriguingly leads to the emergence of stop-and-go waves. I explain this observation using an analogy with the Kapitza pendulum, which develops a new stationary state under strong vibrations. Specifically, discontinuities in a suitably defined order parameter appear when noise or density exceeds a finite threshold, echoing a liquid-gas transition. This noise may stem from inaccuracies in drivers' and pedestrians' observations, difficulties in brain information processing, or unaccounted interactions. My research on crowd dynamics highlights the importance of integrating decision-making processes with mechanical interactions to deepen our understanding of complex collective behaviours, notably in crowded environments
Jebrane, Aissam. "Modélisation du mouvement d'une foule via la théorie de la dynamique non régulière des solides." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1062.
Повний текст джерелаThis work concerns the modeling of pedestrian movement inspired by the non-smooth dynamics approach for the rigid and deformable solids. Firstly, a reformulation of the non-smooth approaches of M.Frémond and J.J.Moreau for rigid body dynamics is developed. The proposed theory relies on the notion of percussion which is the integral of the contact force during the duration of the collision. Contrary to classical discrete element models, it is here assumed that percussions can be only expressed as a function of the velocity before the impact. This assumption is checked for the usual mechanical constitutive laws for collisions. Motion equations are then reformulated taking into account simultaneous collisions of solids. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the proposed model are discussed according to the regularity of both the forces (Lebesgue-density occurring during the regular evolution of the system) and the percussions (Dirac-density describing the collision). A condition on the internal percussion assuring that the collision is thermodynamically admissible is established. An application to the collision of rigid disks and the flow in a funnel-shaped hourglass is presented. The approach is extended to crowd motion, indeed; the circulation of pedestrians through the bottlenecks is studied and deals with to optimize evacuation and improve the design of pedestrian facilities. A sensitivity analysis is performed to study the effect of the parameters of a 2D discrete crowd movement model on the nature of pedestrian’s collision and on evacuation times. The question of estimation of contact forces and the pressure generated in a moving crowd is approached both from a discrete and continues point of view. A comparison between the second-order microscopic model (2D discrete model) and the continues approaches is presented. Contact forces are rigorously defined taking into account multiple, simultaneous contact and the non-overlapping condition between pedestrians. We show that for a dense crowd the percussions (moment umjump corresponding to instantaneous contact) become contact forces. For continuous approach, the pressure is calculated according to volume and surface constraints. This approach makes it possible to retain an admissible right-velocity (after impact), including both the non local interactions (at a distance interactions) between non neighbor pedestrians and the choice of displacement strategy of each pedestrian. Finally, two applications are presented : a one-dimensional simulation of an aligned pedestrian chain crashing into an obstacle, and a two-dimensional simulation corresponding to the evacuation of a room. In order to make the approach more efficient, we modeled each pedestrian with a deformable solid, the unidimensional case is studied a comparison with the discreet case is presented that corresponding to a crash of a pedestrian chain in a fixed obstacle is treated. The analytical solution of contact equations is developed for both approaches. This allows to calibrate the model parameters and offers an asymptotic study of the solutions. The non-smooth theory of deformable solids makes it possible to calculate the current velocity of the crowd as a continuous medium taking into account the interactions with the environment and their desired velocity. a macroscopic representation is developed through Hyperbolic – Elliptic Equations. indded;the crowd is described by its density whose evolution is given by a non local balance law. the current velocity involved in the equation is given by the collision equation of a deformable solid with a rigid plane. Firstly, we prove the well posedness of balance laws with a non smooth ux and function source in bounded domains, the existence of a weak entropic solution, it’s uniqueness and stability with respect to the initial datum and of the boundary datum. an application to crowdmodeling is presented
Abdo, Diala. "Modélisation dynamique et supervision des fours de réchauffage continus de la sidérurgie." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002236.
Повний текст джерелаAbdo, Diala. "Modélisation dynamique et supervision des fours de réchauffage continus de la siderurgie." Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1408.
Повний текст джерелаThe work consists of dynamic modeling of continuous steel reheating furnaces and of the development of an on-line control logic. The first part presents the elaboration of a global dynamic model of a reheating furnace where only the energy equation and the continuity equation are applied through the use and the improvement of Thermette a software developed by the Centre for Energy and Processes (CEP). The model is valid for all types of furnaces thanks to the interface of SAFIR-4D a computational tool developed for Stein-Heurtey. Using this interface, the description of any furnace generates automatically the dynamic model after calculation of the radiative transfer factors of the said furnace. Transfer factors are calculated by the « Check » method, which allows fast calculation of radiative transfer factors developed in this thesis, coupled to MODRAY a software of the CEP. The numerical validation of the « Check » method allows to demonstrate its precision and its advantages in terms of significant savings of calculation time. The experimental validation, based on one instrumented slab circulating in a furnace, shows the consistency of the global dynamic model coupled to the radiative transfer factors obtained by the « Check » method. The calculated temperatures, mass flow rates of products and the thermal balance are in good agreement with measurements. The second part of the work covers the on-line supervision of a reheating furnace. The dynamic model developed in the first part is used as an analog of a real furnace and so provides data for the on-line operation of the furnace. The control development combines prevision and optimization algorithms. The fast and on-online prevision of the slab temperatures allows to obtain data necessary to the optimization, which function is to update the data sets of the furnace in order to verify the technical-economical criterion of production. The control is then validated by comparison between the results of tests and those obtained by a classical control with constant data sets. Results in terms of energy consumption and temperature criteria on various slabs are satisfactory
Girard, Lyne. "Modèle dynamique en deux dimensions du four Riedhammer /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1988. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Повний текст джерелаHeinz, Christine. "Dynamique des végétations holocènes en Méditerranée nord-occidentale d'après l'anthracoanalyse de sites préhistoriques : méthodologie et paléoécologie /." Montpellier : Laboratoire de paléobotanique, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36653237w.
Повний текст джерелаDescoins, Nicolas. "Outils de simulation des fours tournants dédiés à la pyrolyse de déchets : modélisation dynamique du couplage transport de la charge-transferts de chaleur-réactions chimiques." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT048H.
Повний текст джерелаЧастини книг з теми "Dynamique des foules"
Leroy, Inès. "Quentovic, la Canche et la Manche. Essor et développement d’un port de rivière à la mer." In L’eau dans les villes d’Europe au Moyen Âge (IVe-XVe siècle) : un vecteur de transformation de l’espace urbain, 19–30. Tours: Fédération pour l’édition de la Revue archéologique du Centre de la France, 2023. https://doi.org/10.4000/1376e.
Повний текст джерелаSalé, Philippe, and Jean-Philippe Chimier. "Les constructions privées en milieu rural et dans les agglomérations secondaires de la seconde moitié du iiie siècle au vie siècle dans la cité des Turons." In Les modes de construction privée de l’Antiquité tardive en région Centre-Val de Loire, 49–56. Tours: Fédération pour l’édition de la Revue archéologique du Centre de la France, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/12phc.
Повний текст джерелаNicatore, Giulia. "Fouiller en Égypte : entre résistance et dynamisme." In Archéologie et fouilles en contexte difficile. Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.psorbonne.111951.
Повний текст джерелаColby, Jason M. "The Old Northwest." In Orca. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673093.003.0006.
Повний текст джерела