Статті в журналах: "Dynamics of energy"

1

Leitner, David M. "1SD05 Vibrational dynamics and energy transport in proteins." Seibutsu Butsuri 45, supplement (2005): S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.45.s6_3.

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2

Criqui, Patrick, Jean Marie Martin, Leo Schrattenholzer, Tom Kram, Luc Soete, and Adriaan Van Zon. "Energy technology dynamics." International Journal of Global Energy Issues 14, no. 1/2/3/4 (2000): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijgei.2000.004416.

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3

Tupa R. Silalahi, Fitriani, Togar M. Simatupang, and Manahan P. Siallagan. "A system dynamics approach to biodiesel fund management in Indonesia." AIMS Energy 8, no. 6 (2020): 1173–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/energy.2020.6.1173.

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4

KAHNG, B., and K. PARK. "DYNAMICS OF THE CURVATURE-ENERGY-DRIVEN SURFACES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 05 (February 28, 1996): 543–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296000222.

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The dynamics of the curvature-energy-driven surfaces such as the dynamics of the orientational roughening (OR) transition and the dynamics of the molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth with the lattice pinning force are studied. For the dynamics of the OR transition, we first derive the lattice pinning force of the sine-Gordon model, which is in a peculiar form of [Formula: see text] where {êk} (k =1, 2, 3) are the basis vectors of the triangular lattice. The lattice pinning force is renormalized and contributes to the coarse-grained curvature force under the dynamic renormalization group transformation introduced by Nozières and Gallet [J. Phys. (Paris) 48, 353 (1987)]. The dynamic exponent is obtained as z =4 − ∊ with ∊ =2 − d and the mobility is scaled as r−2.51 ∊ in general dimension d ≤ 2. The tilt-tilt correlation function behaves logarithmically with spatial and temporal changes of scales in two dimensions. Next, we study the dynamic equation of the OR transition with the addition of the growth-induced nonlinear term proportional to ∇2 (∇ϕ)2. It is obtained that the OR transition occurs even in the presence of the growth-induced nonlinear term, but the nature of the phase transition changes by the nonlinear term. We compare our analysis with the recent study of the growth-induced roughening transition by Hwa, Kardar and Paczuski [Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 441 (1991)]. It is also found that the lattice pinning force is irrelevant to the MBE growth.

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5

COPELAND, EDMUND J., M. SAMI, and SHINJI TSUJIKAWA. "DYNAMICS OF DARK ENERGY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 15, no. 11 (November 2006): 1753–935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827180600942x.

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We review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.

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6

Schmieder, B., G. Peres, S. Enome, R. Falciani, P. Heinzel, J. C. Hénoux, J. Mariska, et al. "Energy transport and dynamics." Solar Physics 153, no. 1-2 (August 1994): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00712492.

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7

Seo, Jun-Hyung, Yang-Soo Kim, Young-Jin Kim, Kye-Hong Cho, and Jin-Sang Cho. "Study on the Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics Inside the SCR Pretreatment Process Cyclone." Journal of Energy Engineering 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2023.32.2.038.

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8

Ma, Xinyou, and William L. Hase. "Perspective: chemical dynamics simulations of non-statistical reaction dynamics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2092 (March 20, 2017): 20160204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0204.

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Non-statistical chemical dynamics are exemplified by disagreements with the transition state (TS), RRKM and phase space theories of chemical kinetics and dynamics. The intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) is often used for the former two theories, and non-statistical dynamics arising from non-IRC dynamics are often important. In this perspective, non-statistical dynamics are discussed for chemical reactions, with results primarily obtained from chemical dynamics simulations and to a lesser extent from experiment. The non-statistical dynamical properties discussed are: post-TS dynamics, including potential energy surface bifurcations, product energy partitioning in unimolecular dissociation and avoiding exit-channel potential energy minima; non-RRKM unimolecular decomposition; non-IRC dynamics; direct mechanisms for bimolecular reactions with pre- and/or post-reaction potential energy minima; non-TS theory barrier recrossings; and roaming dynamics. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Theoretical and computational studies of non-equilibrium and non-statistical dynamics in the gas phase, in the condensed phase and at interfaces’.

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9

Verlan, Andriy, and Jo Sterten. "Approach to Energy Objects’ Dynamics Modelling Based on Singular Systems’ Elements." Mathematical and computer modelling. Series: Technical sciences 23 (December 6, 2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2308-5916.2022-23.31-36.

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Over the last decades there has been substantial progress on the development of theory and numerical methods for singular systems (known also as descriptor systems, semistate systems, differential alge-braic systems, generalized state-space systems, etc.). The need for such methodsarisen primarily from the increased practical interest for a more general system description which takes the intrinsic physical sys-tem model structure into account. Besides that, many physical process-es are most naturally and easily modelled as mixed systems of differen-tial and algebraic equations (DAE). As the title implies the paper de-scribes the singular systems theory application in power systems dy-namics simulation, particularly considered an alternative method for energy systems’ mathematical models formulation based on the singu-lar systems theory elements with some indicative examples illustrating feasibility and efficiency of this approach

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10

Oh, Kwang Cheol, Seung Hee Euh, Jae Heun Oh, and Dae Hyun Kim. "Simulation and Model Validation of Combustion in a Wood Pellet Boiler Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Energy Engineering 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2014.23.3.203.

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11

Harrer, Benedikt, and Cassandra Paul. "Modeling Energy Dynamics with the Energy-Interaction Diagram." Physics Teacher 57, no. 7 (October 2019): 462–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.5126824.

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12

Iqbal, Tahir, Chang-qing Dong, Qiang Lu, Zulfiqar Ali, Idris Khan, Zafar Hussain, and Adnan Abbas. "Sketching Pakistan's energy dynamics: Prospects of biomass energy." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 10, no. 2 (March 2018): 023101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5010393.

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13

Waldhauser, Béla, Ulrich Katscher, Wolfram Schmidt, Joachim A. Maruhn, Horst Stöcker, and Walter Greiner. "High Energy Nuclear Fluid Dynamics." Physica Scripta T32 (January 1, 1990): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1990/t32/033.

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14

BLOME, H. J., and W. PRIESTER. "Vacuum Energy in Cosmic Dynamics." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 470, no. 1 Twelfth Texas (May 1986): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb47989.x.

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15

Wei, Hao. "Dynamics of teleparallel dark energy." Physics Letters B 712, no. 4-5 (June 2012): 430–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2012.05.006.

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16

Swisher, Joel, Lena Christiansson, and Claes Hedenström. "Dynamics of energy efficient lighting." Energy Policy 22, no. 7 (July 1994): 581–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(94)90077-9.

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17

Blome, Hans Joachim, and Wolfgang Priester. "Vacuum energy in cosmic dynamics." Astrophysics and Space Science 117, no. 2 (1985): 327–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00650158.

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18

Shirihai, Orian. "Mitochondrial dynamics and energy efficiency." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1857 (August 2016): e18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.04.395.

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19

Jeong, Namgyun. "A Study on Heat Dissipation Characteristics of the Water Cooling Heat Sink using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Energy Engineering 32, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2023.32.1.111.

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20

Leary, Matthew, Curtis Rusch, Zhe Zhang, and Bryson Robertson. "Comparison and Validation of Hydrodynamic Theories for Wave Energy Converter Modelling." Energies 14, no. 13 (July 1, 2021): 3959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133959.

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Dynamic Wave Energy Converter (WEC) models utilize a wide variety of fundamental hydrodynamic theories. When incorporating novel hydrodynamic theories into numerical models, there are distinct impacts on WEC rigid body motions, cable dynamics, and final power production. This paper focuses on developing an understanding of the influence several refined hydrodynamic theories have on WEC dynamics, including weakly nonlinear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces, body-to-body interactions, and dynamic cable modelling. All theories have evolved from simpler approaches and are of importance to a wide array of WEC archetypes. This study quantifies the impact these theories have on modelling accuracy through a WEC case study. Theoretical differences are first explored in a regular sea state. Subsequently, numerical validation efforts are performed against field data following wave reconstruction techniques. Comparisons of significance are WEC motion and cable tension. It is shown that weakly nonlinear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic force calculations and dynamic cable modelling both significantly improve simulated WEC dynamics. However, body-to-body interactions are not found to impact simulated WEC dynamics.

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21

Laimon, Mohamd, Thanh Mai, Steven Goh, and Talal Yusaf. "Energy Sector Development: System Dynamics Analysis." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010134.

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The development of a complex and dynamic system such as the energy sector requires a comprehensive understanding of its constituent components and their interactions, and thus requires approaches that can adapt to the dynamic complexity in systems. Previous efforts mainly used reductionist approaches, which examine the components of the system in isolation, neglecting their interdependent nature. Such approaches reduce our ability to understand the system and/or mitigate undesirable outcomes. We adopt a system dynamics approach to construct an integrated model for analysing the behaviour of the energy sector. Although the Australian energy sector is used as a case study, the model can be applied in other context elsewhere around the world The results indicate that the current trajectory of the Australian energy sector is unsustainable and growth is not being controlled. Limits to growth are fast approaching due to excessive fossil fuel extraction, high emissions and high energy dependency. With the current growth, Australia’s global CO2 emissions footprint will increase to unprecedented levels reaching 12% by 2030 (9.5% for exports and 2.5% for domestic). Oil dependency will account for 43% and 47% of total consumption by 2030 and 2050. By 2032, coal will be the only fossil fuel resource available in Australia. Expansion of investment in coal and gas production is a large risk.

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22

Jeong, Namgyun. "Flow Analysis and Performance Prediction of the Torque Converter for a Gas-Turbine Using Computational Fluid Dynamics." Journal of Energy Engineering 30, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2021.30.3.038.

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23

Banumathy, Karunanithy, and Ramachandran Azhagaiah. "Risk-return dynamics: evidence from the energy and utilities sector in India." AESTIMATIO 11, no. 2015 (2015): 106–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5605/ieb.11.5.

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24

Hwang, Myungwon, Yeongeun Ki, and Andres F. Arrieta. "Dynamics of tunable multistable metastructures." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015461.

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Connectivity yields unconventional properties. However, the attainable dynamics are strongly dependent on the unit cell size, restricting the effective behavior to narrow, high-frequencies bands. This is due to the nature of band gaps from local resonance or scattering, both of which are strongly related to unit’s size (mass) and stiffness. We present multistable metastructures displaying strong nonlinear interactions between propagating transition waves and structural modes. We show how transition waves excite the same type of response in the metastructure’s units regardless of the input excitation. This invariant response allows for efficient electromechanical energy transduction as the mechanical response can be tuned to electrical conversion circuits robustly. We also present a new dynamic phenomenon—solitonic resonance—leveraging soliton-structural mode interactions that enable multistable metastructures to exhibit extreme input-output energy exchange. By tuning the topology of our multistable metastructures we can transform energy input frequencies into output responses orders of magnitude apart. The presented metastructures break the dependence of the attainable unconventional dynamical properties on the unit cell's size. The dynamics of multistable metastructure provide a route to accelerating metamaterials adoption in engineering applications addressing the structural bandwidth.

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25

Li, Guang Xi, Yin Shan Zhang, Lin He, and Li Yang. "Rotor Dynamics Analysis of the Flywheel Energy Storage System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.3.

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In this paper, a dynamics model of flywheel rotor - support system is build. Obtained the dynamic characteristics of the flywheel rotor by finite element method .The results indicate that the rotor system is stability and security. This provides the basis for the subsequent optimization of flywheel rotor.

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26

Scholz, Monika, Aaron R. Dinner, Erel Levine, and David Biron. "Stochastic feeding dynamics arise from the need for information and energy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 35 (August 11, 2017): 9261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703958114.

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Animals regulate their food intake in response to the available level of food. Recent observations of feeding dynamics in small animals showed feeding patterns of bursts and pauses, but their function is unknown. Here, we present a data-driven decision-theoretical model of feeding in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our central assumption is that food intake serves a dual purpose: to gather information about the external food level and to ingest food when the conditions are good. The model recapitulates experimentally observed feeding patterns. It naturally implements trade-offs between speed versus accuracy and exploration versus exploitation in responding to a dynamic environment. We find that the model predicts three distinct regimes in responding to a dynamical environment, with a transition region where animals respond stochastically to periodic signals. This stochastic response accounts for previously unexplained experimental data.

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27

Irfan, Muhammad, Zhen-Yu Zhao, Muhammad Ikram, Naeem Gul Gilal, Heng Li, and Abdul Rehman. "Assessment of India's energy dynamics: Prospects of solar energy." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 12, no. 5 (September 2020): 053701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5140236.

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28

Riehl, James R., Ben J. Palanca, and ShiNung Ching. "High-energy brain dynamics during anesthesia-induced unconsciousness." Network Neuroscience 1, no. 4 (December 2017): 431–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00023.

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Characterizing anesthesia-induced alterations to brain network dynamics provides a powerful framework to understand the neural mechanisms of unconsciousness. To this end, increased attention has been directed at how anesthetic drugs alter the functional connectivity between brain regions as defined through neuroimaging. However, the effects of anesthesia on temporal dynamics at functional network scales is less well understood. Here, we examine such dynamics in view of the free-energy principle, which postulates that brain dynamics tend to promote lower energy (more organized) states. We specifically engaged the hypothesis that such low-energy states play an important role in maintaining conscious awareness. To investigate this hypothesis, we analyzed resting-state BOLD fMRI data from human volunteers during wakefulness and under sevoflurane general anesthesia. Our approach, which extends an idea previously used in the characterization of neuron-scale populations, involves thresholding the BOLD time series and using a normalized Hamiltonian energy function derived from the Ising model. Our major finding is that the brain spends significantly more time in lower energy states during eyes-closed wakefulness than during general anesthesia. This effect is especially pronounced in networks thought to be critical for maintaining awareness, suggesting a crucial cognitive role for both the structure and the dynamical landscape of these networks.

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29

HAN, FENG, and YUN-JIE XIA. "ENTANGLEMENT VERSUS ENERGY IN MULTIQUBIT ENTANGLEMENT DYNAMICS PROBLEM." International Journal of Quantum Information 07, no. 03 (April 2009): 661–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749909005316.

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We study the relation between energy and entanglement in a multiqubit entanglement dynamics problem in cavity QED. The model consists of three two-level atoms A, B and C which are initially prepared in a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger-like state and locally coupled with independent cavities a, b and c, respectively. We shall show that the dynamical evolution of atomic entanglement is closely related to that of their energy.

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30

JUN, S., S. PENDURTI, I. H. LEE, S. Y. KIM, H. S. PARK, and Y. H. KIM. "ACTION-DERIVED AB INITIO MOLECULAR DYNAMICS." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 01, no. 03 (September 2009): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825109000277.

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Action-derived molecular dynamics (ADMD) is a numerical method to search for minimum-energy dynamic pathways on the potential-energy surface of an atomic system. The method is based on Hamilton's least-action principle and has been developed for problems of activated processes, rare events, and long-time simulations. In this paper, ADMD is further extended to incorporate ab initio total-energy calculations, which enables the detailed electronic analysis of transition states as well as the exploration of energy landscapes. Three numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the capability of this action-derived ab initio molecular dynamics (MD). The proposed approach is expected to circumvent the severe time-scale limitation of conventional ab intio MD simulations.

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31

Zhang, Nan Nan, Ze Yu Weng, Yan Qin Zheng, and Yong Cai. "Study on Dynamic Design Technique of Machine Tools Structure Based on Energy Balance." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.792.

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The energy balance of system is one of the basis for the dynamic design of machine tools structure. The paper applied finite element technique to machine tools dynamic design based on the energy balance, in view of finite element model of machine tools dynamics structure, mean squared deviation of various energy distribution was used to describe the structural dynamic characteristics quantitatively, and the method was combined with structural dynamic optimal theory to establish the improvemental direction. The author applied the technique to the structural dynamic characteristics analysis of a surface grinder, through the energy distribution analysis and quantitative analysis of structural dynamic characteristics of the grinding machine tools, the weak link of the grinding machine structure was found, which had instruction function for structure optimization of the grinding machine.The result proved this structure dynamics design technique had obvious superiority.

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32

Feliks, Yizhak, Eli Tziperman, and Brian Farrell. "Nonnormal Frontal Dynamics." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 1218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3214.1.

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Abstract The generalized stability of the secondary atmospheric circulation over strong SST fronts is studied using a hydrostatic, Boussinesq, two-dimensional f-plane model. It is shown that even in a parameter regime in which these circulations are stable to small perturbations, significant nonnormal growth of optimal initial perturbations occurs. The maximum growth factor in perturbation total energy is 250 and is dominated by the potential energy, which obtains a growth factor of 219 two to five hours after the beginning of the integration. This domination of potential energy growth is consistent with the observation that the available potential energy (APE) of the secondary circulation is larger by two orders of magnitude than the kinetic energy as well as with the transfer of kinetic to potential perturbation energy at the beginning of the growth of the perturbations. The norm kernel is found to significantly influence the structure of the optimal initial perturbation as well as the energy obtained by the mature perturbations, but the physical mechanism of growth and the structure of the mature perturbations are robust.

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33

Shah, Kushal, Dmitry Turaev, Vassili Gelfreich, and Vered Rom-Kedar. "Equilibration of energy in slow–fast systems." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 49 (November 28, 2017): E10514—E10523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1706341114.

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Ergodicity is a fundamental requirement for a dynamical system to reach a state of statistical equilibrium. However, in systems with several characteristic timescales, the ergodicity of the fast subsystem impedes the equilibration of the whole system because of the presence of an adiabatic invariant. In this paper, we show that violation of ergodicity in the fast dynamics can drive the whole system to equilibrium. To show this principle, we investigate the dynamics of springy billiards, which are mechanical systems composed of a small particle bouncing elastically in a bounded domain, where one of the boundary walls has finite mass and is attached to a linear spring. Numerical simulations show that the springy billiard systems approach equilibrium at an exponential rate. However, in the limit of vanishing particle-to-wall mass ratio, the equilibration rates remain strictly positive only when the fast particle dynamics reveal two or more ergodic components for a range of wall positions. For this case, we show that the slow dynamics of the moving wall can be modeled by a random process. Numerical simulations of the corresponding springy billiards and their random models show equilibration with similar positive rates.

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34

Kiani, Behdad, Saeed Mirzamohammadi, and Seyed Hossein Hosseini. "A Survey on the Role of System Dynamics Methodology on Fossil Fuel Resources Analysis." International Business Research 3, no. 3 (June 11, 2010): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v3n3p84.

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In today’s world, fossil fuel resources are still the main source for energy supply. Many attempts have been done in order to develop alternative sources of energy, since fossil fuel resources are limited and will be depleted soon or late. Despite these efforts, as international energy organizations declare, fossil fuel resources have the largest share in the world’s energy supply. Therefore, the study of exploration, production, and exploitation dynamics of these resources, have been considered a significant topic for many researchers. System dynamics, which is an appropriate method for dynamic studies and policy analysis, has been used as one of the most impressive methodologies in systemic research and application in this area. Besides the illustration of the role of system dynamics in fossil fuel resources analysis, this paper reviews the pioneering system dynamics models in this field. The results of this work would be helpful for researchers who are interested in the dynamic studies of fossil fuel resources’ systems.

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35

Пилькевич, Игорь Анатольевич. "Energy approach in modeling population dynamics." Technology audit and production reserves 5, no. 4(13) (October 28, 2013): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2013.18224.

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36

O'Brien, Eileen M. "Biological relativity to water?energy dynamics." Journal of Biogeography 33, no. 11 (November 2006): 1868–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01534.x.

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37

Emrén, Allan T. "Energy and Momentum Conserving Molecular Dynamics." Physica Scripta T33 (January 1, 1990): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1990/t33/012.

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38

Krause, Martin G. H., and Roland Diehl. "DYNAMICS AND ENERGY LOSS IN SUPERBUBBLES." Astrophysical Journal 794, no. 2 (October 1, 2014): L21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/794/2/l21.

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39

Niklasson, Anders M. N., Peter Steneteg, and Nicolas Bock. "Extended Lagrangian free energy molecular dynamics." Journal of Chemical Physics 135, no. 16 (October 28, 2011): 164111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3656977.

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40

Alola, Andrew Adewale, Kayode Kolawole Eluwole, Uju Violet Alola, Taiwo Temitope Lasisi, and Turgay Avci. "Environmental quality and energy import dynamics." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 31, no. 3 (November 20, 2019): 665–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-05-2019-0101.

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Purpose The geographical location and the ambiance of the Coastline Mediterranean Countries (CMCs) advantageously present the region as a tourist destination with rich cultures. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach As such, this study investigates the dynamics of energy import and environmental quality in relation to international tourism development for nine CMCs over the period 1995–2013 using a pooled mean group approach. Findings Although the impacts of energy import, CO2 (here as environmental quality) and GDP on international tourism receipts are observed to be significant and negative, international tourist arrival expectedly exerts positive and significant impact, all at the adjustment speed of 0.19. A heterogeneously robust Granger non-causality test further reveals a strong one-directional causal relationship from energy import to tourism receipts. Research limitations/implications The dynamics of the energy market amidst persistent evolution of new source(s) of energy would evidently play a significant role in the region’s tourism sector. It then suggests policy direction to governments of the region and by extension the global tourism market. Originality/value By providing insight into the nexus of environment, energy and tourism development, the current study is the first that addresses the concern in the context of the CMCs.

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41

Matsumoto, H., Y. Nakano, and H. Umezawa. "Free energy in thermo field dynamics." Physical Review D 31, no. 6 (March 15, 1985): 1495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.31.1495.

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42

Payne, M. C., J. D. Joannopoulos, D. C. Allan, M. P. Teter, and David H. Vanderbilt. "Molecular Dynamics andab initioTotal Energy Calculations." Physical Review Letters 56, no. 24 (June 16, 1986): 2656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.56.2656.

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43

PERUCHO, MANEL. "JET STABILITY, DYNAMICS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 08 (January 2012): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194512004667.

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Анотація:

Relativistic jets carry energy and particles from compact to very large scales compared with their initial radius. This is possible due to their remarkable collimation despite their intrinsic unstable nature. In this contribution, I review the state-of-the-art of our knowledge on instabilities growing in those jets and several stabilising mechanisms that may give an answer to the question of the stability of jets. In particular, during the last years we have learned that the limit imposed by the speed of light sets a maximum amplitude to the instabilities, contrary to the case of classical jets. On top of this stabilising mechanism, the fast growth of unstable modes with small wavelengths prevents the total disruption and entrainment of jets. I also review several non-linear processes that can have an effect on the collimation of extragalactic and microquasar jets. Within those, I remark possible causes for the decollimation and deceleration of FRI jets, as opposed to the collimated FRII's. Finally, I give a summary of the main reasons why jets can propagate through such long distances.

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44

Lutsko, J. F., D. Wolf, and S. Yip. "Molecular dynamics calculation of free energy." Journal of Chemical Physics 88, no. 10 (May 15, 1988): 6525–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454437.

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45

GRAUWIN, SEBASTIAN, DOMINIC HUNT, ERIC BERTIN, and PABLO JENSEN. "EFFECTIVE FREE ENERGY FOR INDIVIDUAL DYNAMICS." Advances in Complex Systems 14, no. 04 (August 2011): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525911003128.

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Physics and economics are two disciplines that share the common challenge of linking microscopic and macroscopic behaviors. However, while physics is based on collective dynamics, economics is based on individual choices. This conceptual difference is one of the main obstacles one has to overcome in order to characterize analytically economic models. In this paper, we build both on statistical mechanics and the game theory notion of Potential Function to introduce a rigorous generalization of the physicist's free energy, which includes individual dynamics. Our approach paves the way to analytical treatments of a wide range of socio-economic models and might bring new insights into them. As first examples, we derive solutions for a congestion model and a residential segregation model.

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46

Oganessian, Yuri, and Rumiana Kalpakchieva. "Conference on low energy nuclear dynamics." Nuclear Physics News 5, no. 3 (January 1995): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10506899508223922.

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47

Monthus, Cécile, and Pierre Le Doussal. "Energy dynamics in the Sinai model." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 334, no. 1-2 (March 2004): 78–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2003.10.082.

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48

Lechner, R. E., J. Fitter, N. A. Dencher, and T. Hauß. "Low-energy dynamics and biological function." Physica B: Condensed Matter 385-386 (November 2006): 835–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2006.05.119.

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49

Prasad, S. N., and M. J. M. Römkens. "Energy formulations of head cut dynamics." CATENA 50, no. 2-4 (January 2003): 469–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0341-8162(02)00125-x.

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50

Ivanov, A. S., P. Bourges, D. Petitgrand, and H. Casalta. "High-energy spin dynamics in Pr2CuO4." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 226-230 (May 2001): 485–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(00)00978-1.

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