Статті в журналах: "Dynamic X-ray imaging"

1

Evans, J. P. O., and H. W. Hon. "Dynamic stereoscopic X-ray imaging." NDT & E International 35, no. 5 (July 2002): 337–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0963-8695(01)00061-5.

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2

Haidekker, Mark A., Logan Dain-kelley Morrison, Ajay Sharma, and Emily Burke. "Enhanced dynamic range x-ray imaging." Computers in Biology and Medicine 82 (March 2017): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.01.014.

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3

Cnudde, Veerle, Tim De Kock, Marijn Boone, Wesley De Boever, Tom Bultreys, Jeroen Van Stappen, Delphine Vandevoorde, et al. "Conservation studies of cultural heritage: X-ray imaging of dynamic processes in building materials." European Journal of Mineralogy 27, no. 3 (June 17, 2015): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2444.

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4

Cao, Guohua, Jian Zhang, Otto Zhou, and Jianping Lu. "Temporal multiplexing radiography for dynamic x-ray imaging." Review of Scientific Instruments 80, no. 9 (September 2009): 093902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3215939.

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5

Patera, Alessandra, Carolina Arboleda, Veronica Ferrero, Elisa Fiorina, Konstantins Jefimovs, Alessandro Lo Giudice, Felix Mas Milian, et al. "X-ray grating interferometry design for the 4D GRAPH-X system." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 4 (October 25, 2021): 045103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac2fd6.

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Abstract The 4D GRAPH-X (Dynamic GRAting-based PHase contrast x-ray imaging) project aims at developing a prototype of an x-ray grating-based phase-contrast imaging scanner in a laboratory setting, which is based on the Moirè single-shot acquisition method in order to be optimized for analysing moving objects (in the specific case, a dynamic thorax phantom), that could evolve into a suitable tool for biomedical applications although it can be extended to other application fields. When designing an x-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer, high visibility and sensitivity are two important figures of merit, strictly related to the performance of the system in obtaining high quality phase contrast and dark-field images. Wave field simulations are performed to optimize the setup specifications and construct a high-resolution and high-sensitivity imaging system. In this work, the design of a dynamic imaging setup using a conventional milli-focus x-ray source is presented. Optimization by wave front simulations leads to a symmetric configuration with 5.25 μm pitch at third Talbot order and 45 keV design energy. The simulated visibility is about 22%. Results from GATE based Monte Carlo simulations show a 19% transmission percentage of the incoming beam into the detector after passing through all the gratings and the sample. Such results are promising in view of building a system optimized for dynamic imaging.

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6

Pillers, Roy A., and Theodore J. Heindel. "Dynamic visualization of hydrate formation using X-ray imaging." Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering 200 (May 2021): 108334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108334.

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7

Wroblewski, Thomas, and Adeline Buffet. "Recrystallization Investigated by X- Ray Diffraction Imaging." Materials Science Forum 550 (July 2007): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.550.631.

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X-ray diffraction imaging allows the investigation of a large area of a polycrystalline specimen in a single shot. Dynamic processes like recystallization can, therefore, be studied without prior knowledge of where they occur. Even early stages of nucleation can be traced back using the information from images taken from the fully recrystallized specimen. Experiments performed at HASYLAB beamline G3 on cold rolled Cu and Al showed nucleation and growth behaviour that cannot be explained by classical models.

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8

Parab, Niranjan D., Cang Zhao, Ross Cunningham, Luis I. Escano, Kamel Fezzaa, Wes Everhart, Anthony D. Rollett, Lianyi Chen, and Tao Sun. "Ultrafast X-ray imaging of laser–metal additive manufacturing processes." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 25, no. 5 (August 14, 2018): 1467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518009554.

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The high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging technique was synchronized with a custom-built laser-melting setup to capture the dynamics of laser powder-bed fusion processes in situ. Various significant phenomena, including vapor-depression and melt-pool dynamics and powder-spatter ejection, were captured with high spatial and temporal resolution. Imaging frame rates of up to 10 MHz were used to capture the rapid changes in these highly dynamic phenomena. At the same time, relatively slow frame rates were employed to capture large-scale changes during the process. This experimental platform will be vital in the further understanding of laser additive manufacturing processes and will be particularly helpful in guiding efforts to reduce or eliminate microstructural defects in additively manufactured parts.

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9

Morgan, Kaye Susannah, David Parsons, Patricia Cmielewski, Alexandra McCarron, Regine Gradl, Nigel Farrow, Karen Siu, et al. "Methods for dynamic synchrotron X-ray respiratory imaging in live animals." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 164–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577519014863.

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Small-animal physiology studies are typically complicated, but the level of complexity is greatly increased when performing live-animal X-ray imaging studies at synchrotron and compact light sources. This group has extensive experience in these types of studies at the SPring-8 and Australian synchrotrons, as well as the Munich Compact Light Source. These experimental settings produce unique challenges. Experiments are always performed in an isolated radiation enclosure not specifically designed for live-animal imaging. This requires equipment adapted to physiological monitoring and test-substance delivery, as well as shuttering to reduce the radiation dose. Experiment designs must also take into account the fixed location, size and orientation of the X-ray beam. This article describes the techniques developed to overcome the challenges involved in respiratory X-ray imaging of live animals at synchrotrons, now enabling increasingly sophisticated imaging protocols.

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10

Schröter, Tobias J., Frieder Koch, Pascal Meyer, Martin Baumann, Daniel Münch, Danays Kunka, Sabine Engelhardt, Marcus Zuber, Tilo Baumbach, and Jürgen Mohr. "Large area gratings by x-ray LIGA dynamic exposure for x-ray phase-contrast imaging." Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 013501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.jmm.16.1.013501.

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11

Husband, R. J., J. Hagemann, E. F. O’Bannon, H. P. Liermann, K. Glazyrin, D. T. Sneed, M. J. Lipp, A. Schropp, W. J. Evans, and Zs Jenei. "Simultaneous imaging and diffraction in the dynamic diamond anvil cell." Review of Scientific Instruments 93, no. 5 (May 1, 2022): 053903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0084480.

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The ability to visualize a sample undergoing a pressure-induced phase transition allows for the determination of kinetic parameters, such as the nucleation and growth rates of the high-pressure phase. For samples that are opaque to visible light (such as metallic systems), it is necessary to rely on x-ray imaging methods for sample visualization. Here, we present an experimental platform developed at beamline P02.2 at the PETRA III synchrotron radiation source, which is capable of performing simultaneous x-ray imaging and diffraction of samples that are dynamically compressed in piezo-driven diamond anvil cells. This setup utilizes a partially coherent monochromatic x-ray beam to perform lensless phase contrast imaging, which can be carried out using either a parallel- or focused-beam configuration. The capabilities of this platform are illustrated by experiments on dynamically compressed Ga and Ar. Melting and solidification were identified based on the observation of solid/liquid phase boundaries in the x-ray images and corresponding changes in the x-ray diffraction patterns collected during the transition, with significant edge enhancement observed in the x-ray images collected using the focused-beam. These results highlight the suitability of this technique for a variety of purposes, including melt curve determination.

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12

Mokso, Rajmund, and Peter Oberta. "Simultaneous dual-energy X-ray stereo imaging." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 4 (June 26, 2015): 1078–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515006554.

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Dual-energy orK-edge imaging is used to enhance contrast between two or more materials in an object and is routinely realised by acquiring two separate X-ray images each at different X-ray wavelength. On a broadband synchrotron source an imaging system to acquire the two images simultaneously was realised. The single-shot approach allows dual-energy and stereo imaging to be applied to dynamic systems. Using a Laue–Bragg crystal splitting scheme, the X-ray beam was split into two and the two beam branches could be easily tuned to either the same or to two different wavelengths. Due to the crystals' mutual position, the two beam branches intercept each other under a non-zero angle and create a stereoscopic setup.

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13

Burgess, Simon, Haithem Mansour, Anthony Hyde, Philippe Pinard, Peter Statham, Christian Lang, and Michael Hjelmstad. "Dynamic Electron and X-ray Imaging is a Moving Experience." Microscopy and Microanalysis 27, S1 (July 30, 2021): 1840–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927621006723.

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14

Gooch, W. A., M. S. Burkins, G. Hauver, P. Netherwood, and R. Benck. "Dynamic X-ray imaging of the penetration of boron carbide." Le Journal de Physique IV 10, PR9 (September 2000): Pr9–583—Pr9–588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2000997.

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15

Carelsen, Bart, Niels H. Bakker, Simon D. Strackee, Sjirk N. Boon, Mario Maas, Jörg Sabczynski, Cornelis A. Grimbergen, and Geert J. Streekstra. "4D rotational x-ray imaging of wrist joint dynamic motion." Medical Physics 32, no. 9 (August 22, 2005): 2771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.2000647.

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16

Gradl, Regine, Martin Dierolf, Lorenz Hehn, Benedikt Gunther, David Kutschke, Lin Yang, Winfried Moller, et al. "Dynamic X-ray Imaging at the Munich Compact Light Source." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S2 (August 2018): 352–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618014046.

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17

Lewis, R. A., N. Yagi, M. J. Kitchen, M. J. Morgan, D. Paganin, K. K. W. Siu, K. Pavlov, et al. "Dynamic imaging of the lungs using x-ray phase contrast." Physics in Medicine and Biology 50, no. 21 (October 12, 2005): 5031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/50/21/006.

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18

Vansteenkiste, A., K. W. Chou, M. Weigand, M. Curcic, V. Sackmann, H. Stoll, T. Tyliszczak, et al. "X-ray imaging of the dynamic magnetic vortex core deformation." Nature Physics 5, no. 5 (March 29, 2009): 332–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys1231.

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19

Thoms, M. "The dynamic range of X-ray imaging with image plates." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 389, no. 3 (April 1997): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(97)00322-7.

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20

Carelsen, Bart, Niels H. Bakker, Simon D. Strackee, Sjirk N. Boon, Mario Maas, Jörg Sabczynski, Cornelis A. Grimbergen, and Geert J. Streekstra. "4D rotational X-ray imaging of the dynamic wrist joint." International Congress Series 1281 (May 2005): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2005.03.010.

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21

Gao, Yuan, Ross Harder, Stephen H. Southworth, Jeffrey R. Guest, Xiaojing Huang, Zijie Yan, Leonidas E. Ocola, et al. "Three-dimensional optical trapping and orientation of microparticles for coherent X-ray diffraction imaging." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 10 (February 14, 2019): 4018–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720785116.

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Optical trapping has been implemented in many areas of physics and biology as a noncontact sample manipulation technique to study the structure and dynamics of nano- and mesoscale objects. It provides a unique approach for manipulating microscopic objects without inducing undesired changes in structure. Combining optical trapping with hard X-ray microscopy techniques, such as coherent diffraction imaging and crystallography, provides a nonperturbing environment where electronic and structural dynamics of an individual particle in solution can be followed in situ. It was previously shown that optical trapping allows the manipulation of micrometer-sized objects for X-ray fluorescence imaging. However, questions remain over the ability of optical trapping to position objects for X-ray diffraction measurements, which have stringent requirements for angular stability. Our work demonstrates that dynamic holographic optical tweezers are capable of manipulating single micrometer-scale anisotropic particles in a microfluidic environment with the precision and stability required for X-ray Bragg diffraction experiments—thus functioning as an “optical goniometer.” The methodology can be extended to a variety of X-ray experiments and the Bragg coherent diffractive imaging of individual particles in solution, as demonstrated here, will be markedly enhanced with the advent of brighter, coherent X-ray sources.

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22

Shibata, Atsushi, Katsunari Sasaki, and Takao Kinefuchi. "Application of Imaging Plate for X-Ray Diffractometry." Advances in X-ray Analysis 35, A (1991): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800009083.

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AbstractThe Fuji Imaging Plate (IP) is a 2-dimensional detector in which a latent X-ray image is stored as a distribution of color centers on a photostimulable phosphor (BaFBr:Eu2+) screen. It has a large effective area, wide dynamic range and high sensitivity. Thus it has been widely used not only in medical but also in scientific and industrial fields. Particularly in X-ray structure analysis, mainly of proteins, it has been used extensively and achieved good results.On the other hand, few applications have been reported in the field except for structure analysis, in spite of the superior performance of the IP which will give significant advantages in various measurements which have been done using an X-ray film such as electric device and fiber specimen.Therefore we report here the basic performance of R-AXIS II(Rigaku Automated X-Ray Imaging System II), an IP reader made by Rigaku, and some applications of X-ray diffraction measurements using IP.

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23

Wang, Zhiyong, Teddy Chang, Luke Hunter, Andrew M. Gregory, Marcel Tanudji, Steven Jones, and Martina H. Stenzel. "Radio-opaque Micelles for X-ray Imaging." Australian Journal of Chemistry 67, no. 1 (2014): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch13391.

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Block copolymers based on iodinated monomers were prepared with the aim of creating nanoparticles as contrast agents suitable for X-ray imaging. Reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization was employed to synthesize block copolymers based on oligo(ethylene glycol) methylether methacrylate (OEGMEMA) and 2-[2′,3′,5′-triiodobenzoyl]oxyethyl methacrylate (METB). The polymerization of METB was found to be slow owing to the low solubility of the monomer, which does not allow high enough concentration to achieve a fast rate of polymerization. However, the block copolymerization was well controlled, resulting in several block copolymers, POEGMEMA-b-PMETB, which were further investigated in regards to their self-assembly in water. Micelles were prepared using POEGMEMA55-b-PMETB18, POEGMEMA55-b-PMETB32, POEGMEMA100-b-PMETB22, and POEGMEMA100-b-PMETB32. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering revealed micelle sizes between 30 and 45 nm depending on the block size. The micelles were found to show a strong contrast similar to BaSO4 and Visipaque (iodixanol) during X-ray analysis. These micelles can now further be employed as drug carriers or can be conjugated to a bioactive group for targeting.

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24

Gevin, O., O. Lemaire, F. Lugiez, A. Michalowska, P. Baron, O. Limousin, and E. Delagnes. "Imaging X-ray detector front-end with high dynamic range: IDeF-X HD." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 695 (December 2012): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.11.020.

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25

Huang, J. W., J. C. E, J. Y. Huang, T. Sun, K. Fezzaa, and S. N. Luo. "Dynamic crystal rotation resolved by high-speed synchrotron X-ray Laue diffraction." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 3 (March 30, 2016): 712–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s160057751600223x.

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Dynamic compression experiments are performed on single-crystal Si under split Hopkinson pressure bar loading, together with simultaneous high-speed (250–350 ns resolution) synchrotron X-ray Laue diffraction and phase-contrast imaging. A methodology is presented which determines crystal rotation parameters,i.e.instantaneous rotation axes and angles, from two unindexed Laue diffraction spots. Two-dimensional translation is obtained from dynamic imaging by a single camera. High-speed motion of crystals, including translation and rotation, can be tracked in real timeviasimultaneous imaging and diffraction.

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26

Gradl, R., K. S. Morgan, M. Dierolf, C. Jud, L. Hehn, B. Gunther, W. Moller, et al. "Dynamic In Vivo Chest X-ray Dark-Field Imaging in Mice." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 38, no. 2 (February 2019): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmi.2018.2868999.

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27

Van Nieuwenhove, Vincent, Jan De Beenhouwer, Francesco De Carlo, Lucia Mancini, Federica Marone, and Jan Sijbers. "Dynamic intensity normalization using eigen flat fields in X-ray imaging." Optics Express 23, no. 21 (October 15, 2015): 27975. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.027975.

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28

Stone, G. F., C. H. Dittmore, and B. L. Henke. "X‐ray film calibration: Dynamic range modification for imaging and spectroscopy." Review of Scientific Instruments 57, no. 8 (August 1986): 2198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138682.

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29

Suehiro, S., K. Saijo, T. Seto, N. Sakamoto, T. Hashimoto, K. Ito, and Y. Amemiya. "Dynamic Small-Angle X-ray Scattering System using an Imaging Plate." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 3, no. 5 (September 1, 1996): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0909049596006498.

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30

Saif, Tarik, Qingyang Lin, Kamaljit Singh, Branko Bijeljic, and Martin J. Blunt. "Dynamic imaging of oil shale pyrolysis using synchrotron X-ray microtomography." Geophysical Research Letters 43, no. 13 (July 2, 2016): 6799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016gl069279.

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31

Kastengren, Alan. "Thermal behavior of single-crystal scintillators for high-speed X-ray imaging." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518015230.

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Indirect detection of X-rays using single-crystal scintillators is a common approach for high-resolution X-ray imaging. With the high X-ray flux available from synchrotron sources and recent advances in high-speed visible-light cameras, these measurements are increasingly used to obtain time-resolved images of dynamic phenomena. The X-ray flux on the scintillator must, in many cases, be limited to avoid thermal damage and failure of the scintillator, which in turn limits the obtainable light levels from the scintillator. In this study, a transient one-dimensional numerical simulation of the temperature and stresses within three common scintillator crystals (YAG, LuAG and LSO) used for high-speed X-ray imaging is presented. Various conditions of thermal loading and convective cooling are also presented.

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32

Lee, Sang Joon, Han Wook Park, and Sung Yong Jung. "Usage of CO2microbubbles as flow-tracing contrast media in X-ray dynamic imaging of blood flows." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 21, no. 5 (July 31, 2014): 1160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577514013423.

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X-ray imaging techniques have been employed to visualize various biofluid flow phenomena in a non-destructive manner. X-ray particle image velocimetry (PIV) was developed to measure velocity fields of blood flows to obtain hemodynamic information. A time-resolved X-ray PIV technique that is capable of measuring the velocity fields of blood flows under real physiological conditions was recently developed. However, technical limitations still remained in the measurement of blood flows with high image contrast and sufficient biocapability. In this study, CO2microbubbles as flow-tracing contrast media for X-ray PIV measurements of biofluid flows was developed. Human serum albumin and CO2gas were mechanically agitated to fabricate CO2microbubbles. The optimal fabricating conditions of CO2microbubbles were found by comparing the size and amount of microbubbles fabricated under various operating conditions. The average size and quantity of CO2microbubbles were measured by using a synchrotron X-ray imaging technique with a high spatial resolution. The quantity and size of the fabricated microbubbles decrease with increasing speed and operation time of the mechanical agitation. The feasibility of CO2microbubbles as a flow-tracing contrast media was checked for a 40% hematocrit blood flow. Particle images of the blood flow were consecutively captured by the time-resolved X-ray PIV system to obtain velocity field information of the flow. The experimental results were compared with a theoretically amassed velocity profile. Results show that the CO2microbubbles can be used as effective flow-tracing contrast media in X-ray PIV experiments.

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33

Bonfigli, Francesca, Enrico Nichelatti, Maria Aurora Vincenti, and Rosa Maria Montereali. "Versatile Lithium Fluoride Luminescent Detectors for High Resolution Imaging Applications from Extreme Ultraviolet to Soft and Hard X-Rays." Advances in Science and Technology 98 (October 2016): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.98.54.

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X-ray imaging represents a very relevant tool in basic and applied research fields due to the possibility of performing non-destructive investigations with high spatial resolution. We present innovative X-ray imaging detectors based on visible photoluminescence from aggregate electronic defects locally created in lithium fluoride (LiF) during irradiation. Among the peculiarities of these detectors, noteworthy ones are their very high spatial resolution (intrinsic ∼2 nm, standard ∼300 nm) across a large field of view (>10 cm2), wide dynamic range (>103) and their insensitivity to ambient light. The material photoluminescence response can be enhanced through the proper choice of reflecting substrates and multi-layer designs in the case of LiF films. The present investigation deals with the most appealing X-ray imaging applications, from simple lensless imaging configurations with commonly-available laboratory polychromatic X-ray sources to X-ray imaging-dedicated synchrotron beamlines in absorption and phase contrast experiments.

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34

Mistry, Arnav R., Daniel Uzbelger Feldman, Jie Yang, and Eric Ryterski. "Low Dose X-Ray Sources and High Quantum Efficiency Sensors: The Next Challenge in Dental Digital Imaging?" Radiology Research and Practice 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/543524.

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Objective(s). The major challenge encountered to decrease the milliamperes (mA) level in X-ray imaging systems is the quantum noise phenomena. This investigation evaluated dose exposure and image resolution of a low dose X-ray imaging (LDXI) prototype comprising a low mA X-ray source and a novel microlens-based sensor relative to current imaging technologies.Study Design. A LDXI in static (group 1) and dynamic (group 2) modes was compared to medical fluoroscopy (group 3), digital intraoral radiography (group 4), and CBCT scan (group 5) using a dental phantom.Results. The Mann-Whitney test showed no statistical significance(α=0.01)in dose exposure between groups 1 and 3 and 1 and 4 and timing exposure (seconds) between groups 1 and 5 and 2 and 3. Image resolution test showed group 1 > group 4 > group 2 > group 3 > group 5.Conclusions. The LDXI proved the concept for obtaining a high definition image resolution for static and dynamic radiography at lower or similar dose exposure and smaller pixel size, respectively, when compared to current imaging technologies. Lower mA at the X-ray source and high QE at the detector level principles with microlens could be applied to current imaging technologies to considerably reduce dose exposure without compromising image resolution in the near future.

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35

Cao, Yixin, Xiaodan Zhang, Binquan Kou, Xiangting Li, Xianghui Xiao, Kamel Fezzaa, and Yujie Wang. "A dynamic synchrotron X-ray imaging study of effective temperature in a vibrated granular medium." Soft Matter 10, no. 29 (2014): 5398–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4sm00602j.

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36

Giewekemeyer, Klaus, Hugh T. Philipp, Robin N. Wilke, Andrew Aquila, Markus Osterhoff, Mark W. Tate, Katherine S. Shanks, et al. "High-dynamic-range coherent diffractive imaging: ptychography using the mixed-mode pixel array detector." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 21, no. 5 (August 7, 2014): 1167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577514013411.

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Coherent (X-ray) diffractive imaging (CDI) is an increasingly popular form of X-ray microscopy, mainly due to its potential to produce high-resolution images and the lack of an objective lens between the sample and its corresponding imaging detector. One challenge, however, is that very high dynamic range diffraction data must be collected to produce both quantitative and high-resolution images. In this work, hard X-ray ptychographic coherent diffractive imaging has been performed at the P10 beamline of the PETRA III synchrotron to demonstrate the potential of a very wide dynamic range imaging X-ray detector (the Mixed-Mode Pixel Array Detector, or MM-PAD). The detector is capable of single photon detection, detecting fluxes exceeding 1 × 1088-keV photons pixel−1s−1, and framing at 1 kHz. A ptychographic reconstruction was performed using a peak focal intensity on the order of 1 × 1010 photons µm−2s−1within an area of approximately 325 nm × 603 nm. This was done without need of a beam stop and with a very modest attenuation, while `still' images of the empty beam far-field intensity were recorded without any attenuation. The treatment of the detector frames and CDI methodology for reconstruction of non-sensitive detector regions, partially also extending the active detector area, are described.

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37

Herber, Ralf-Peter, Justine Fong, Seth A. Lucas, and Sunita P. Ho. "Imaging an Adapted Dentoalveolar Complex." Anatomy Research International 2012 (January 19, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/782571.

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Adaptation of a rat dentoalveolar complex was illustrated using various imaging modalities. Micro-X-ray computed tomography for 3D modeling, combined with complementary techniques, including image processing, scanning electron microscopy, fluorochrome labeling, conventional histology (H&E, TRAP), and immunohistochemistry (RANKL, OPN) elucidated the dynamic nature of bone, the periodontal ligament-space, and cementum in the rat periodontium. Tomography and electron microscopy illustrated structural adaptation of calcified tissues at a higher resolution. Ongoing biomineralization was analyzed using fluorochrome labeling, and by evaluating attenuation profiles using virtual sections from 3D tomographies. Osteoclastic distribution as a function of anatomical location was illustrated by combining histology, immunohistochemistry, and tomography. While tomography and SEM provided past resorption-related events, future adaptive changes were deduced by identifying matrix biomolecules using immunohistochemistry. Thus, a dynamic picture of the dentoalveolar complex in rats was illustrated.

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38

Yoneyama, A., R. Baba, T. T. Lwin, and M. Kawamoto. "Four-type phase-contrast X-ray imaging at SAGA Light Source." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2380, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2380/1/012117.

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Abstract Phase-contrast X-ray imaging (Phase imaging), which uses X-ray phase-shift caused by passing through a sample, is a powerful tool for non-destructive three-dimensional observation. Since the cross-section of the phase-shift for light elements in the hard X-ray region is more than 1,000 times larger than that of the absorption, detailed observation can be performed even for biological soft tissues and organic materials, mainly composed of light elements. Phase imaging for a large field of view can be classified into four kinds. The sensitivity and dynamic range of phase imaging are related to a trade-off: each method’s properties differ significantly. Therefore, an optimized phase imaging method needs to be selected for each sample’s density distribution. We have been developing all types of phase imaging for fine observations of various samples using the optimal phase imaging method at the SAGA Light Source. We report the details of each method and instrumentation and give example observations.

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39

Chen, Weinong W., Matthew C. Hudspeth, Ben Claus, Niranjan D. Parab, John T. Black, Kamel Fezzaa, and S. N. Luo. "In situ damage assessment using synchrotron X-rays in materials loaded by a Hopkinson bar." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 372, no. 2015 (May 13, 2014): 20130191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2013.0191.

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Split Hopkinson or Kolsky bars are common high-rate characterization tools for dynamic mechanical behaviour of materials. Stress–strain responses averaged over specimen volume are obtained as a function of strain rate. Specimen deformation histories can be monitored by high-speed imaging on the surface. It has not been possible to track the damage initiation and evolution during the dynamic deformation inside specimens except for a few transparent materials. In this study, we integrated Hopkinson compression/tension bars with high-speed X-ray imaging capabilities. The damage history in a dynamically deforming specimen was monitored in situ using synchrotron radiation via X-ray phase contrast imaging. The effectiveness of the novel union between these two powerful techniques, which opens a new angle for data acquisition in dynamic experiments, is demonstrated by a series of dynamic experiments on a variety of material systems, including particle interaction in granular materials, glass impact cracking, single crystal silicon tensile failure and ligament–bone junction damage.

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40

Tang, M. X., J. W. Huang, J. C. E, Y. Y. Zhang, and S. N. Luo. "Full strain tensor measurements with X-ray diffraction and strain field mapping: a simulation study." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 27, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577520003926.

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Strain tensor measurements are important for understanding elastic and plastic deformation, but full bulk strain tensor measurement techniques are still lacking, in particular for dynamic loading. Here, such a methodology is reported, combining imaging-based strain field mapping and simultaneous X-ray diffraction for four typical loading modes: one-dimensional strain/stress compression/tension. Strain field mapping resolves two in-plane principal strains, and X-ray diffraction analysis yields volumetric strain, and thus the out-of-plane principal strain. This methodology is validated against direct molecular dynamics simulations on nanocrystalline tantalum. This methodology can be implemented with simultaneous X-ray diffraction and digital image correlation in synchrotron radiation or free-electron laser experiments.

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41

Noiriel, Catherine, and François Renard. "Four-dimensional X-ray micro-tomography imaging of dynamic processes in geosciences." Comptes Rendus. Géoscience 354, G2 (July 12, 2022): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/crgeos.137.

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42

Dewanckele, Jan, Wesley De Boever, Michiel Krols, and Frederik Coppens. "Acquisition to Visualization: New Approaches in Dynamic In-situ X-ray Imaging." Microscopy and Microanalysis 28, S1 (July 22, 2022): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927622001854.

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43

Presenti, Alice, Jan Sijbers, and Jan De Beenhouwer. "Dynamic few-view X-ray imaging for inspection of CAD-based objects." Expert Systems with Applications 180 (October 2021): 115012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.115012.

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44

Barty, A., S. Boutet, M. Bogan, S. Hau-Riege, S. Marchesini, K. Sokolowski-Tinten, A. Cavalleri, et al. "Femtosecond dynamic diffraction imaging: X-ray snapshots of ultra-fast nanoscale phenomena." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 64, a1 (August 23, 2008): C118—C119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767308096189.

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45

Ahn, Sungsook, Sung Yong Jung, Jin Pyung Lee, Hae Koo Kim, and Sang Joon Lee. "Gold Nanoparticle Flow Sensors Designed for Dynamic X-ray Imaging in Biofluids." ACS Nano 4, no. 7 (July 2010): 3753–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn1003293.

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46

Gorelick, Sergey. "XMEMS: Dynamic Diffraction Gratings by MEMS Technology for X-ray Imaging Applications." Procedia Engineering 47 (2012): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.137.

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47

Tanaka, Rie. "Dynamic chest radiography: flat-panel detector (FPD) based functional X-ray imaging." Radiological Physics and Technology 9, no. 2 (June 13, 2016): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12194-016-0361-6.

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48

Sasaki, Katsunari, Kohji Kakefuda, Kenji Masuda, Ging-Ho Hsiue, and Chain-Shu Hsu. "Application of Imaging Plate for Polymer Analysis." Advances in X-ray Analysis 36 (1992): 387–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800019005.

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AbstractThe Fuji Imaging Plate (IP) is a 2-Dimensional X-ray detector on which a latent X-ray image is stored as a distribution of color centers in a photo-stimulable phosphor(BaFBr:Eu) screen. It has excellent characteristics such as a wide dynamic range of five or more digits and an order of magnitude higher sensitivity than X-ray film. Thus it has been actively used in the field of X-ray single crystal structure analysis.For polymer studies, 2-D information is useful to analyse a sample's orientation or periodic structure, and some system such as 2-D position sensitive detector (PSD) are widely used. But in spite of the superior performance of the IP which will give significant advantages in various measurements, few applications have been reported in this field, because most conventional IP based systems are specialized for the single crystal structure analysis,Therefore we developed the R-AXIS II D (Rigaku Automated X-ray Imaging System II D), an IP reader for general X-ray diffractometry which has a removable IP in order for exposure with external X-ray optics, and software which converts 2-D data to conventional 2theta-intensity or beta-intensity data for analysis of crystallinity or orientation. In this paper, we report the performance of R-AXIS II D and its applications to polymer studies and thin film analyses.

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49

Kim, Jong Woo, Marc Messerschmidt, and William S. Graves. "Performance Evaluation of Deep Neural Network Model for Coherent X-ray Imaging." AI 3, no. 2 (April 18, 2022): 318–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ai3020020.

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We present a supervised deep neural network model for phase retrieval of coherent X-ray imaging and evaluate the performance. A supervised deep-learning-based approach requires a large amount of pre-training datasets. In most proposed models, the various experimental uncertainties are not considered when the input dataset, corresponding to the diffraction image in reciprocal space, is generated. We explore the performance of the deep neural network model, which is trained with an ideal quality of dataset, when it faces real-like corrupted diffraction images. We focus on three aspects of data qualities such as a detection dynamic range, a degree of coherence and noise level. The investigation shows that the deep neural network model is robust to a limited dynamic range and partially coherent X-ray illumination in comparison to the traditional phase retrieval, although it is more sensitive to the noise than the iteration-based method. This study suggests a baseline capability of the supervised deep neural network model for coherent X-ray imaging in preparation for the deployment to the laboratory where diffraction images are acquired.

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50

Fujiwara, A., K. Ishii, T. Watanuki, H. Suematsu, H. Nakao, K. Ohwada, Y. Fujii, et al. "Synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffractometer with a cylindrical imaging plate." Journal of Applied Crystallography 33, no. 5 (October 1, 2000): 1241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889800009286.

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A synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffractometer for samples of very small amount has been developed to collect high-quality diffraction patterns under extreme conditions,i.e.at low temperature and/or high pressure. A new cylindrical imaging plate (CIP) is used as a detector, in addition to a conventional flat-type imaging plate (FIP). By using the CIP system, the diffraction data in a diffraction angle range −44 ≤ 2θ ≤ 122° are collected with a dynamic range of about 106. The alignment of the diffractometer, measurement and analysis are automatically operated by a workstation. A performance test shows that the CIP system has spatial resolution of about 0.07° with a dynamic range of 106. The diffraction pattern of a standard sample of Si measured by the CIP system has high quality; the refinement of the structure reachesRw= 3.68% even in the case of a small amount of sample (about 2 µg) and a short exposure time (60 s). Examples of experiments at low temperatures under ambient and high pressures are also presented.

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