Дисертації з теми "Durée de vie et fatigue"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Durée de vie et fatigue".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Thummen, Frédéric. "Propriétés mécaniques et durée de vie de bétons réfractaires." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0027/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRefractories are responsible for high and recurrent costs in CFB (Circulating Fluidised Bed) power plants. The major origins of the degradations of these materials are caused by thermal shocks and constrained dilatation during the different temperature cycles. The purpose of this study is first to better describe the mechanical behaviour and the damage of these refractories – which is still mostly unknown – and then to develop some damage prediction techniques. We have studied through non destructive techniques (acoustic emission, ultrasounds) the damage of two refractory concretes during 4-point bending tests, compression tests and tensile tests as well as their behaviour in fatigue. In order to be able to predict the service life of these materials in fatigue, we used a simple power law phenomenological model. This allowed to predict the time to failure as function of cycle amplitude and maximum stress. Acoustic emission appears to be a reliable indicator of the damage. Moreover, the acoustic emission data processing by a classificator (k-mean) enables us to separate the useful signal from the background noise. This analysis appeared effective in laboratory and simulated industrial environment. Lastly, the modeling of the lifetime in fatigue enabled us to propose various damage mechanisms during the fatigue test
Poessel, Peggy. "Durée de vie en fatigue de contact d'engrenages traités thermochimiquement : essais et modélisations." Paris, ENSAM, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENAM0022.
Повний текст джерелаAyoub, Georges. "Comportement en grandes déformations et fatigue des polymères : modélisation constitutive et prédiction de la durée de vie en fatigue." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10076/document.
Повний текст джерелаTwo representative polymers are studied in this thesis: a semi-crystalline thermoplastic (polyethylene) and an elastomer (styrene-butadiene rubber SBR).A physically-based hyperelastic-viscoplastic model integrating the crystallinity effects is proposed to describe the mechanical behavior under large deformation of polyethylene. The capabilities of the proposed model to reproduce the mechanical behavior of typical thermoplastic (viscoplastic-hyperelastic) to the mechanical behavior more typical of elastomers (visco-hyperelastic) are demonstrated. The proposed model is modified by incorporating a non-linear viscous component to capture the mechanical behavior of polyethylene under cyclic loading. To describe the damage process under multiaxial cyclic loading of SBR, two complementary approaches have been used. The first one, based on the network alteration theory, allows describing the stress-softening until failure. The comparison between the proposed model and experimental results obtained under uniaxial cyclic loading highlighted the relevance of such approach. The second one, based on the continuum damage mechanics theory, aims to predict the multiaxial fatigue life under complex loadings of rubber-like materials. In this approach, the damage variable is derived from the cracking energy density. After identifying the damage parameters using uniaxial fatigue data, the predictive capabilities of the proposed model are highlighted under multiaxial loadings, combining tension and torsion tests
Launay, Antoine. "Thermoplastiques renforcés en fibres de verre courtes : comportement cyclique, fatigue et durée de vie." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00653601.
Повний текст джерелаBennani, Amine. "Elaboration, comportement et durée de vie en fatigue du caoutchouc naturel renforcé de silice." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136825.
Повний текст джерелаCe qui leur confère de meilleures propriétés (résistance à la rupture, abrasion, rigidité...). Actuellement, les charges
renforçantes les plus souvent utilisées sont les noirs de carbone. La substitution de cette charge classique par la silice constitue un challenge dans l'industrie pneumatique. En effet, il est admis que la silice diminue la résistance au roulement des pneus, de matrice synthétique, tout en conservant une bonne adhérence. La particularité de cette étude est d'analyser l'influence du renfort par la silice sur le comportement mécanique en endurance du caoutchouc naturel. Son principal objectif est de comprendre l'influence de la morphologie de la silice (surface développée en interaction avec le caoutchouc, dispersibilité, activité chimique) sur le comportement
mécanique et plus spécialement sur la durée de vie en fatigue du caoutchouc naturel ainsi chargé. L'élaboration de deux matériaux permettant d'établir l'influence de la morphologie de la silice constitue une première étape déterminante du travail. Elle se base sur l'incorporation de deux nuances de silice précipitée dans une matrice de caoutchouc naturel pouvant présenter des propriétés rhéologiques similaires. Les essais de caractérisation mécanique (monotones et cycliques) selon différents types de sollicitation (traction, compression, relaxation, traction cyclique, torsion) ainsi que des essais de traction in situ au MEB permettent d'identifier les mécanismes de déformation, de renfort et d'endommagement présents. L'interprétation des résultats de cette campagne expérimentale est basée sur une caractérisation microstructurale approfondie de l'état de dispersion de la silice ainsi que celui de la cristallisation de la matrice en caoutchouc naturel.. Les résultats des essais de fatigue ainsi que les observations microscopiques des mécanismes de propagation des fissures en fatigue permettent d'établir un critère de durée de vie prenant en compte les modes de sollicitation (traction, compression, et torsion). Celui-ci est capable de prévoir la durée de vie ainsi que le lieu d'amorçage des fissures. Il s'avère que, selon le mode de sollicitation appliqué, les propriétés de dispersion de la silice sont plus ou moins importantes dans le renforcement et l'endurance du caoutchouc naturel chargé de silice.
Ce travail fait donc appel à la physico-chimie, à la mécanique et aux observations microstructurales, en allant de l'élaboration des matériaux jusqu'à la modélisation mécanique du comportement et de la durée de vie.
Bennani, Amine. "Elaboration, Comportement et Durée de vie en Fatigue du Caoutchouc Naturel chargé de Silice." Paris, ENMP, 2006. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136825.
Повний текст джерелаNatural rubber has long been reinforced by stiff fillers such as carbon black in order to improve mechanical properties (breaking strength, abrasion, rigidity…). The introduction of silica particles to the library of potential fillers offers new possibilities to further tailor the properties of Natural rubber via blending. Introduce silica instead of carbon black is a challenge in pneumatic industry. Synthetic-based elastomers filled with silica particles decrease in rolling friction of the tires while also retaining a good adherence. The goal of this study is to explore the influence of silica particles one the mechanical behavior, stiffness, strength, hysterisis, fatigue lifetime, of natural rubber. The main purpose is to understand the influence of the morphology of silica (Interaction surfaces between filler with rubber, dispersion with random distribution, chemical activity) on the mechanical behavior and on the fatigue lifetime. Also, Two blends with two different morphology of silica were produced. The both blends were made to obtain similar rheology properties. Experiments investigations were performed to identify the mechanical behavior such as (tension, compression, torsion ,cyclic loading, relaxation tests) and mechanisms of deformation and damage were estimated from uniaxial elongation in combination with in situ SEM micrographs tests. The micro-structure of the blends were studied through SEM observations and uniaxial elongation in combination with in situ X-ray. Theses studies indicate respectively a good dispersion of the filler and a crystallization of soft-segment induced by elongation. Fatigue experimental results with fractographic observations allow to built a new model of lifetime prediction. This model is able to predict the location and orientation of cracks as well as the fatigue lifetime. The life time experiments and numerical tests study shows how the two different silica particles reinforced natural rubber , when subjected to various mechanical loading conditions (uniaxial, hydrostatic, monotonic, cyclic)
Libot, Jean-Baptiste. "Méthodologie d'évaluation de la durée de vie des assemblages électroniques sans plomb en environnements thermique et vibratoire." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/18560/1/Libot_1.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVelay, Vincent. "Modélisation du comportement cyclique et de la durée de vie d'aciers à outils martensitiques." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001209.
Повний текст джерелаForio, Philippe. "Comportement thermomécanique et durée de vie d'un composite SiC/SiC à matrice séquencée et autocicatrisante." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR12171.
Повний текст джерелаJacq, Christophe. "Limite d'endurance et durée de vie en fatigue de roulement du 32CrMoV13 nitruré en présence d'indentations." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0085/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work was to study the damage mechanisms of nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel when submitted to rolling fatigue in the presence of indentations. A semi analytical elastoplastic contact code that can take into account vertical and rolling loading is first presented. This code, that is necessary to simulate the running in of dents, was validated by comparing its results both with the simulations carried out with the finite elements software ABAQUS and with experimental results. Second, a local micro-yield stress measurement procedure based on the nano-indentation test was developed. This method, which considers the presence of residual stresses, was applied to the measurement of the micro-yield stress profile of the nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel. The influence of the geometry of nitrided parts on residual stresses due to nitriding was also shown. Third, the experimental behaviour of nitrided 32CrMoV13 steel submitted to rolling contact fatigue in the presence of indentations was studied. The dominating role of sliding has been highlighted and two areas where damage initiates were identified. Lastly, the indentation process and the rolling of a body over a dent have been analysed. Indents that exceed the limit of endurance and are likely to damage were identified and classified according to their relative severity. The behaviour of nitrited 32CrMoV13 steel and M50 submitted to rolling contact fatigue in the presence of indentations was finally compared
Savelli, Stéphane. "Identification des mécanismes et approche quantitative de la fatigue d'alliages modèles d'aluminium de moulage." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0034.
Повний текст джерелаThe fatigue mechanisms and the modeling of fatigue life of a AS7G03 T6 cast aluminum alloy containing pores have been investigated. A specific methodology based on complementary experimental techniques (including high resolution X-ray tomography and local crystallographic measurements with back scattered electrons) has been developed. From the micro structural point of view, particular attention has been paid to the characterization of pores and grains. A chronological and comprehensive scheme of the fatigue mechanisms has been established. It shows that at low stresses the crack initiation duration can be neglected with respect to the total fatigue life, while the blocking times of cracks on grain boundaries do represent a substantial fraction of the number of cycles to rupture. At high stresses the fatigue life has been modeled on the basis of a random generation of pores in the material. At low stresses, a different model accounting for the release of a blocked crack has been developed. Finally, a global fatigue life model, taking these two
Robisson, Agathe. "Comportement visco-hyperélastique endommageable d'élastomeres (sbr et pu) : prévision de la durée de vie en fatigue." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP0888.
Повний текст джерелаZalt, Abdulkader. "Endommagement par fatigue et prédiction de la durée de vie des structures soudées de type caisson." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0223/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe Chapter 9 of Eurocode 3 is one of the most widely adapted codes for fatigue life prediction of welded joints, the drawback of this code being the single curve fatigue strength for each type of welded joint produced regardless of the type of steel used. The fatigue strength of welded joints is particularly sensitive to the geometry of the weld bead and the stress fields which could potentially be introduced by the welding process or by other microscopic defects introduced by the welding. In this study the volumetric method, which has proven its validity in the study of fatigue, has been used to determine the effective stress in the plastic zone near the weld bead. Numerical simulations have been performed on a welded box to determine the stress distribution and gradient which would allow proper calculation of the effective stress. Both numerical simulations and experimental results support the validity of the volumetric method for such type of welded structures
Azianou, Ayao Elewovem. "Modélisation numérique de la durée de vie de roulements à bille à gorges profondes montés dans des alternateurs automobiles." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMS007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe operating conditions encountered in the new generations of automotive alternators with variable loads and a deformable complex mechanical environment have a significant effect on the mechanical behavior of the bearing and hence its fatigue lifetime. An approach that takes into account these parameters in the ball bearing fatigue lifetime has been proposed in this work. The load distribution obtained from static considerations are used in a simplified dynamic model in order to determine the time-dependent stress state due to ball rolling on the raceway. The Dang Van multiscale approach coupled with a damage law was applied to determine the number of cycles before the apparition of the first signs of fatigue. The last phase of work involves the experimental aspect that shows that the fatigue phenomenon is not the only cause of degradation of bearings mounted in automotive alternators
Chamat, Abderrahim. "Prévision de la durée de vie en fatigue des roues ferroviaires sous ollicitations multiaxiale proportionnelle et non-proportionnelle." Metz, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2005/Chamat.Abderrahim.SMZ0509.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe experience shows that the fracture of the components or structures in normal working conditions is often due to fatigue. The aim of this works is to propose a criterion which predicts the life duration in endurance fatigue. For this purpose, a signal has been raised during the tests. In order to apply this signal the specimens are extracted from the wheel. Annexe Fatigue Multiaxiale en endurance illimitée 145. Our Instron machine is not predisposed for the realization of this type of loading ; therefore a Labview program has been set which enables to introduce all points of the cycle. The experimental results are compared to the prediction of the various criteria. The application of the various criteria predicted results different from the experimental data. In this perspective, a semi local approach based on the application of the volumetric method has been proposed. Two methods have been proposed to depict the test results in fatigue strength diagram. The first consists in depicting a load factor as a function of the number of cycles to fracture. While the second consists in representing the maximal von Mises stress versus the number of cycles to fracture diagram. Numerous studies showed the influence of the signal in the endurance domain. Experimental results of the present study confirmed these findings. It is noted, the effect of the loading on the life duration becomes negligible from a life duration of 10-7cycles i. E. Low values
Vu, Quoc Huy. "Fatigue polycyclique multiaxiale de l'acier C35 : caractérisation et modélisation des mécanismes d'endommagement." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445429.
Повний текст джерелаMauduit, Clément. "Evolution des couches grenaillées sous sollicitations mécaniques de l'acier TRIP780 - Etude de la relaxation des contraintes et de la durée de vie en fatigue." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0027/document.
Повний текст джерелаShot peening process aim at enhancing life duration of mechanical parts in industry. Balls introduce a compressive state on the surface of the part by strain hardening the subsurface which must be accommodated by elastic strain. Compressive residual stresses are mainly the origin of the enhancing life duration. These residual stresses evolve during thermomechanical solicitations after shot-peening. Relaxation and life duration are studied at the phase scale in the TRIP780 steel – a multiphased steel (bainite, ferrite and austenite) owning a metastable austenitic phase which can transform in martensite under thermomechanical solicitations. In this steel, life duration gain depends on the compressive residual stresses stability in the different phases during cyclic loads. Bending test were carried out on thick samples to determine life duration in function of shot-peening conditions. With interrupted cyclic test, the evolution of the residual stress profile, phase partition and integral width were characterized by X-ray diffraction in ferritic and austenite phases showing the relaxation of residual stresses following the mechanical loads (loading level and number of cycle). With these experimental results, finite element simulations were carried out to forecast the relaxation. After residual stress numerical generation (fictive thermal method), global and by-phase comportment models were proposed in the case of the low number cycles. In the last part, a post-treatment by multiaxial fatigue criterion like Crossland one integrating relaxation results was proposed. The results were compared to the experimental fatigue curves
Angrand, Lise. "Modèle d’endommagement incrémental en temps pour la prévision de la durée de vie des composites tissés 3D en fatigue cyclique et en fatigue aléatoire." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLN005/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this report is part of the Collaborative Research Project PRC Composites, funded by the DGAC involving Safran, Onera and several CNRS laboratories whose LMT Cachan. One of the main objectives of this project PRC is to establish models capable to simulate the mechanical behavior, durability and still manufacturing processes for composite PMC. This thesis focus on the study of the behavior of 3D woven composite to mechanical fatigue stresses. This thesis further to the work developed at Onera on cycle damage models for fatigue on PMC, named ODM-PMC. We propose a kinetic damage model, which calculates the kinetic damage evolution, over time. This model is then able to take into account the cycle fatigue loads, and on the other hand the complex or random fatigue loads. The proposed kinetic damage law involves two damage contributions, a monotonous contribution for static loads and a fatigue contribution for fatigue loads. The monotonous contribution is fully equivalent to the monotonous law of ODM-PMC model, the parameters are easily identifiable. The fatigue contribution is not equivalent to the fatigue damage law of initial model ODM-PMC, this is explained by the fact that there are different ways to take into account the average stress effect, unavoidable concept for the study of fatigue loads. We have chosen to consider the mean stress effect by adding the calculation of a mean that evolves during the loading. The identification of fatigue parameters takes place in two steps. The first step is based on a simplification of the model equation set (elasticity and damage are not coupled) to determine a simple relationship, 1D, between the number of cycles to failure and the maximum stress. This expression allows us then quickly to draw diagrams Wohler (σ_a ou σ_Max vs N_R) as well as Haigh diagram (σ_a vs σ ̅). These diagrams allow us to make an initial identification of fatigue parameters. The second step is to readjust certain parameters using the full model 3D, numerical, the 3D model was been encoded for both strain and stress steering. Nevertheless, the methodology requires having a lot of experimental results. It allows also to identifying fatigue parameters at other temperatures in order to provide isothermal modeling. The damage model is made with a first probabilistic approach, pragmatic, to the great number of cycles fatigue. One parameter (determinist), is defined as a random variable, it is the fatigue damage threshold (strain) delimiting the endurance unlimited domain
Pailler, Frédéric. "Prévision de la durée de vie à haute température et sous air de composite SiCf/Si-B-Cm." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12808.
Повний текст джерелаShi, Huiji. "Etude en fatigue thermomécanique sur un acier inoxydable : réalisation d'essais et prévision de la durée de vie du matériau." Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Shi.Huiji.SMZ9214.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLow cycle thermal mechanical fatigue tests were carried out on 316L stainless steel specimens. These tests were automatically controlled by a micro computer which permits to realize the superposition of thermal and mechanical cycles with the waveforms of out-of-phase and in-phase. Two temperature ranges (250° C-500°C and 250°C-650°C) of thermal cycling were controlled with the same waveform as the mechanical cycling. Both types of tests (in-phase and out-of-phase) were conducted at the same strain rate of 0,0001/s. The total strain range were realized from 1,0% to 2,4%. To predict the lifetime of components submitted to thermal mechanical fatigue, first the stress strain response of the material in stabilized cycles was simulated by a non linear kinematic hardening model. An internal variable was introduced into this model in order to describe the thermal cycling effect. With isothermal fatigue data this kinematic hardening model using three parameters depending on temperature and plastic strain range can correctly yields a very good approximation of hysteresis loop for low cycle thermal mechanical fatigue. To describe the influence of the variable tempetature on damage in thermal mechanical fatigue, a temperature damage factor was introduced. To study the fatigue damage process, a typical stabilized hysteresis loop of thermal mechanical cycling is considered to be the combination of great deal of parts, each of them corresponding to a given temperature, and a linear damage model based on the total strain energy density is supposed. This method using the isothermal fatigue data gives satisfactory results for thermal mechanical fatigue life prediction
Ben, Toumi Rim. "Endommagement par fatigue et durée de vie de structures en matériaux composites à fibres continues pour application liaison au sol." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0064.
Повний текст джерелаThe reduction of fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions is one of the most important challenges facing the automotive industry. An efficient strategy to meet these targets is by reducing the weight of vehicle. In this work, we are interested in introducing composite materials in automotive structural parts and especially in suspensions which are subjected in service to high-cycle fatigue loadings. Therefore, a good prediction of fatigue life is required. As continuous fibre-reinforced composites provide good mechanical properties combined with a low density, they have been increasingly used in many lightweight structures. However, the fatigue behaviour of composites has not been widely investigated. This work aims at developing an approach to predict the lifetime in service of structural automotive components, made with woven glass / epoxy composite. This approach has to be easy to use by design engineers at the scale of the structure. The first step is the characterization of the material. Then, the processes involved in degradation of the composite subjected to both monotonic and cyclic loadings were identified.Given the experimental results and the existing approaches, a multiaxial fatigue criterion is proposed. An optimization of the identification protocol is also performed to reduce the quantity of needed experimental data. Finally, the fatigue life prediction model criterion is validated by tests on notched coupons and on composite vehicle's suspension
Korn, Christophe. "Aspects expérimentaux et modélisation de la durée de vie en fatigue thermomécanique dans le cas des aciers Cr-Mo-V, 316 L et de l'alliage TZM." Metz, 1988. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1988/Korn._C.SMZ8815.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMaterial's behaviour under thermomechanical conditions is one of the most important criteria studied for the conception of structures. This work shows an experimental technique drived by computer for thermomechanical fatigue tests. Three different materials were studied, Cr-Mo-V steel for turbine rotors, 316 L steel for nuclear plant, under isothermal and thermomechanical strain controlled conditions, and a TZM alloy for nuclear plant under isothermal and thermomechanical stress controlled conditions. We also tried to apply some models of life prediction such as "Taira", "spanning factor", "frequency separation", "Degallaix", and "Gilgert"
Fogue, Médard. "Critère de fatigue à longue durée de vie des états multi axiaux de contraintes sinusoïdales en phase et hors phase." Lyon, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAL0030.
Повний текст джерелаFracture of mechanical parts in operation are induced mainly by fatigue ( 90%). The stress state are generally multiaxial but surprisingly,criteria which permit safety evaluation are few and not well based in theory and not well suited for practice. The multiaxial fatigue criterion proposed in this report is based on quadratic average of the intensity of tangential and normal stress. This criterion satisfies theoretical requirements and all practical consequences as diagrams of HAIGH in traction and torsion are deduced from it. The validity domain in τ(-1)/σ(-1) is between 0,577 and 0,866. A general program of calculation has been developed. The criterion has been validated by tests found in the technical literature following an original method of statistical validation applied to the comparison of the equivalent stress and of fatigue limit σ(-1). The criterion is qualified for 70 to 80 % of studied tests
Tricoteaux, Arnaud. "Durée de vie en fatigue de joints soudés en acier E 690 : Influence des paramètres de soudage et de traitements de parachèvement : Modélisation de la phase d'amorçage." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10030.
Повний текст джерелаHazan, Jérôme. "Etude de la durée de vie et de l'endommagement intergranulaire par fatigue des métaux cubiques à faces centrées : influence de la taille de grains et de l'épaisseur d'éprouvette." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=http://theses-intra.upmc.fr/modules/resources/download/theses/2019SORUS564.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаUnderstanding and predicting the fatigue damage is a major issue in the design of the sodium-gas heat exchanger of the next generation of nuclear reactors.Cyclic tests were carried out on 316L SS specimens with different thicknesses, for two very different grain sizes, in order to quantify the influence of these parameters on the fatigue lifetime. Then, cyclic tests interrupted by microscopy observations (SEM) allowed the understanding of the early stages of fatigue damage induced by a large grain size specimen. Finite element simulations of the cyclic deformation of crystalline aggregates were performed with the Cast3M software. The localization of plasticity in the form of persistent slip bands (PSBs) is considered. The increase of the vacancy concentration in the PSBs, leading to their dilatation is introduced. Predictions of the PSB extrusion through impinged GBs and of the associated stress fields were studied. All these predictions, coupled with two damage models, made possible to predict the number of cycles to intergranular microcrack initiation. Finally, comparisons between experimental measurements and predictions of (i) the PSB extrusion through GBs and (ii) the number of cycles to microcrack initiation are made. The effects of material, nature of GBs and loading conditions on fatigue crack initiation mechanisms are finally discussed
Goupillaud, Isabelle. "Comparaison des endommagements matriciels par fatigue mécanique et par cyclage thermique de composites structuraux : caractérisation et modélisation." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2332.
Повний текст джерелаIben, Houria Mohamed. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation de la durée de vie en fatigue d'un alliage d'aluminium de fonderie A356-T6 sous chargement multiaxial." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0007/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis study aims to investigate the fatigue behaviour of A356-T6 aluminum alloy. Experimental fatigue tests at 106 cycles have been performed for two loading ratios: Rσ = 0 and Rσ = -1. The first experimental investigation was conducted on specimens from a ‘V’ wedge casting with natural and artificial defects which provides a variation of the microstructure. Following the experimental results, we have shown that defects characterized by their size and the microstructure characterized by SDAS, are the main parameters that control the fatigue limit. By comparing the results obtained for both loading ratios, it appears that the mean stress has an effect on the sensitivity to the defect size effect and microstructure.The DSG criterion was modified to introduce the effect of SDAS. This improved DSG criterion has been employed to predict the Kitagawa diagram for multiaxial loading for different loading cases. The simulation of the modified DSG criterion showed that the reduction of the fatigue limit with the defect size and SDAS is well described. In the last part a numerical model was developed to perform a simulation of the fatigue limit starting from the casting process. Using this numerical model, we simulated the defect size and SDAS depending on the solidification time, eventually the fatigue limit issimulated using the improved DSG criterion. With combining between Weibull law and modified DSG,we predict the probability of failure at each point of the structure. We proposed in this part a mold which let to obtain samples with two different microstructures. In this study, a second fatigue tests was carried out on these samples to validate the numerical simulation on the proposed mold. It turns out that the numerical model provides reasonably well the obtained experimental results
Layouni, Khaled. "Comportement et fatigue multiaxiale d'un élastomère chargé (NR-CB)." Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1242.
Повний текст джерелаThis work explores the mechanical behaviour of a carbon-black reinforced natural rubber (NR-CB) subjected to monotonic, cyclic, uniaxial and multiaxial loading. Several physical phenomena have been identified. In particular, we have characterised the material compressibility under various kinds of loading conditions and confirmed the results by means of microscopic observations. Consequently, in order to describe the material behaviour, we have considered and compared two constitutive models: the first one is hyperelastic incompressible whereas the second one is more realistic as it uses a damage-induced compressible approach. Furthermore, fatigue experimental results obtained under complex loading histories allow to describe the interaction between axial and torsional loading. In particular, the phase angle effect on the lifetime and the crack location have been determined. These analyses were supported by fractographic observations that allow the identification of different tearing steps (macroscopic scale) and initiation sites (microscopic scale). Finally, we have established a model able to predict the location and orientation of cracks, as well as lifetime under complex loading. This criterion has been validated for complex geometry and industrial components. Finally, we have compared this model with another taken in literature
Robin-Boudaoud, Marie-Cécile. "Comportement et durée de vie de pièces tubulaires, soudées ou non, en acier ferritique 1. 4509 : application automobile." Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENMP0059.
Повний текст джерелаFaurecia uses stainless ferritic steels to produce car manifolds, which are made of several tubular parts welded together. In order to reduce design costs, Faurecia needs to developp a robust numerical design tool. In the frame of this project, this thesis is a contribution to fatigue life assessment of 1. 4509 stainless steel tubular parts, welded or not, submitted to cyclic thermomechanical loadings. In a first part, the cyclic mechanical behaviors of the base metal (1. 4509 steel) and the melted metal are experementally studied under various loads. They are then described thanks to an elastoviscoplastic model. The specific mechanical behavior of the heat affected zone is also considered. The ability of the proposed models to describe the mechanical response of a welded zone is assessed thanks to a traction compression test including local strain measurements. In a second part, fatigue life of 1. 4509 steel is adressed. A large experimental dabase is built up. A non isothermal continuum damage model (J. Lemaitre model) is identified. The same test conditions are applied to welded specimens. Then, the resuts of those tests are analysed thanks to an uncoupled approach of mechanical behavior and damage. It is so considered that the strain distribution at the stabilized cycle, governs the fatigue life of the welded specimen. Thanks to this method, most the tests are well predicted (within a scattering band of factor 3 maximum). Finally, last part of this thesis concerns the integration of the identified models in a robust numerical tool in order to predict fatigue life of industrial welded parts. A submodel methodology is used in order to precisely predict the stabilized mechanical behavior of welded zone. This technique is successfully applied to predict the fatigue life of two welded parts, included a car manifold
Mailly, Sandrine. "Effets de la température et de l'environnement sur la résistance à la fatigue d'alliages de titane." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT2262.
Повний текст джерелаSarete, Hélène. "Etude d'une nouvelle nuance d'acier à roulement pour conditions d'usage sévères et modélisation de son endommagement en présence d'une indentation." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0104.
Повний текст джерелаThis work as two aims: The first one is the research of a new steel composition and associated beat treatments to enhance bearing life under severe service conditions (heavy load, high temperature, and debris contaminated lubrication causing the formation of dents on the contact surface). The second one is to propose a description and a modeling of damage mechanisms of indented surfaces under rolling contact fatigue. Measurements of simple features (mainly hardness and content of retained austenite) of different laboratory cast steels after different beat treatments help to define which compositions are of interest. The chosen steel is elaborated in industrial conditions to obtain a high Level of cleanliness necessary for a good resistance under rolling contact fatigue. Its beat treatment conditions are refined. Mechanical behaviour of the new steel is characterise : stress - train curves at low deformation, cyclic plastic deformation, resistance to cyclic compression and rolling contact fatigue of flat and indented samples simulating use under contaminated lubrication. Observations of samples after fatigue help to describe damage mechanisms. A contribution to modeling of damage under rolling contact fatigue when contact surface are indented is proposed. It is based on the model of damage under normal use (initiation of a microcrack on an inclusion in the subsurface and propagation of the crack to the surface) and allows for the mechanical, structural and geometrical modifications induced by indentation
Meheux, Mathilde Odile Anne. "Influence des additifs de lubrification sur la formation de tribofilms, le coefficient de frottement et la durée de vie en fatigue des roulements." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECDL0001.
Повний текст джерелаGears, rolling bearings and synchronizers are lubricated with a single oil, selected according to gear specifications in manual transmissions. Lubricant related Rolling Contact Fatigue (RCF) damage has been reported in bearings. Several explanations can be considered, but this work focuses on the effect of lubricant additives. As explained in the literature, the lubricant (base oil and additives) can react at the surface of the test pieces and/or on the fatigue crack faces open to the oil. Some effects like hydrogen embrittlement are known, but it has not been clearly established yet whether the presence of tribofilms and the adsorption of additives contribute to the initiation and/or propagation of fatigue cracks. The influence of lubricant formulation on fatigue life has been evaluated using accelerated fatigue tests (on a twin disc machine) performed under pure rolling and sliding conditions. Under pure rolling, the detergent containing oil generates a reduction of fatigue life compared with the other oils tested. The tribofilm formed at the surface of the discs was studied using surface analysis techniques (EDX, AES). It shows similarity in terms of elemental composition and thickness with model tribofilms generated in a ball on disc tribometer (Mini Traction Machine). The latter was used to evaluate the influence of lubricant formulation on tribofilm formation. The detergent seems to be a key additive generating a thick surface tribofilm. Finally, the chemical content of a crack was analysed. A FIB cross section allowed EDX analysis of the faces. Additive elements were found. Fatigue life did not vary much between the formulations tested under sliding conditions, but the presence of additives in the crack allows the following hypothesis : the chemical content of a lubricant can influence crack propagation
Duchene, Pierre. "Caractérisation non destructive des matériaux composites en fatigue : diagnostic de l’état de santé et pronostic de la durée de vie résiduelle par réseaux de neurones." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MTLD0008.
Повний текст джерелаThis research work consists in a new approach for non-destructive characterisation of damage in composite materials (carbon/epoxy) subjected to fatigue during self-heating tests (increasing load blocks). This approach is based on the use of several non-destructive techniques applied in-situ, in real time or delayed, whose analysis is either redundant or complementary. Six techniques were used (acoustic emission, infrared thermography, digital image correlation, acousto-ultrasound, C-scan ultrasound and lamb waves) and their post-processed results were merged using algorithms based on neural networks. The results obtained made it possible to assess and locate the damage of the material and to estimate its residual life. In doing so, several scientific advances have been obtained by, for example, carrying out a 2D localization of acoustic events using only two sensors with millimetric precision, or the development of a new pictorial acousto-ultrasonic technique allowing an control of the state of material damage at free stress conditions, ... and finally, the prognosis of the residual lifetime of the material based on a data fusion by neural networks
Goulmy, Jean-Patrick. "Modélisation de l’impact du grenaillage sur le comportement et l’endommagement en fatigue de l’Inconel 718." Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0037.
Повний текст джерелаSurface enhancement methods such as shot-peening are widely used in the aerospace industry to improve the fatigue life of critical components. Set up a methodology to translate the evolution of the residual stresses in service conditions and to predict their impact on the fatigue lifetime represents a challenge for the integration of the shot peening into the parts sizing. Material of the study is the Inconel 718 nickel base superalloy. A first part of the work focuses on the characterization of residual stresses and the work hardening induced by shot-peening by combining several techniques of analysis: X-ray diffraction, EBSD and microhardness. Then, the residual stresses and the work hardening evolution is investigated after service conditions. In order to model the relaxation of residual stresses, a behavior law is set up on the basis of behavioral tests carried out on non-shot-peened material. Finally, the impact of shot-peening on the fatigue lifetime is evaluated using notch specimens. A probabilistic approach is proposed and identified using non-shot-peened specimens. Finally, the modeling chain (introduction of residual stresses and work-hardening induced by shot-peening, simulation of the mechanical field evolution and application of fatigue post-treatment) is applied to predict the fatigue life of shot-peened specimens
Meynaud, Patrick. "Prévision de la durée de vie en fatigue de roulement d'un acier a partir de ses caractéristiques élastoplastiques et de celles de ses inclusions." Lyon, INSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ISAL0115.
Повний текст джерелаUnder elasto-hydro-dynamic lubrication (EHD) conditions and when the roughness of the contact surfaces is very low the principal damage process in rolling fatigue is subsurface initiated deep spalling. The strain rnisfit between residual non metallic inclusions and the martensitic matrix, due to their differences in elastoplastic properties, is responsible for a local stress concentration which can be partially relaxed by dislocation emission. Under cyclic loading the emitted dislocations induce a transformation of the martensite within a finite volume surrounding the inclusion, often called "butterfly" due to its shape. The increase in the dislocation density leads to crack initiation within the butterfly. The propagation of this subsurface crack towards the surface results in the bearing failure by spalling. A model of this complex mechanism based upon micromechanics and physical metallurgy concepts is presented. The damage process is surveyed by means of ultrasonic echography and metallographie observations. The inclusions of AISI 52100 steel are localized by means of ultrasonic echography, then their species and elastic properties are characterized. Our crack initiation and propagation modeling, taking into account the inclusion distributions, allows us to simulate standard fatigue tests used for characterizing the fatigue properties of bearing steels. The comparison between experimental and simulation results is satisfactory. The distribution of the life times is mainly caused by the distribution of the inclusion positions in the Hertzian stress field. The roles of the size and the species of the inclusions are understood owing to the simulations
Wu, Hao. "Modélisation de l’extension de la durée de vie des structures fissurées après réparation par la technique de perçage." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10135/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis is devoted to establishing an analytical modeling to predict the lifetime of the fissured structures after a repair per elimination of the singularity of the crack: technique of drilling or grinding. The approaches used in this paper stipulate that the unit “crack/hole” can be modelled by a semi-elliptic defect. The prediction of determining the number of cycles which correspond to the restart of a fatigue crack is based on a coupling of the methods “e-N” and the theory of the short cracks. We have used three different methods to determine and compare the elastic stress concentration factor Kt, which are the method of Inglis, the method of Creager-Paris and the method of finite element. The stress concentration factor in fatigue Kf is calculated by using an analytical approach which takes account of the effect of the short crack in bottom of notch. The methods «e-N » used in this study are Morrow elastic, Morrow elastoplastic and Smith Watson Topper. Analytical modeling was validated in the case of a plate out of aluminium alloy 6082 T6, presenting a fatigue crack repaired by the drilling of a hole whose radii is equal to: 1,2.5 or 3 mm. In addition, an industrial application is treated numerically in 3D containing a crack which has been repaired by using the technique of grinding. This valve of a thermal plant subjected to a thermomechanical loading. To take account of the notch effect and to predict the lifetime of the valve, we applied the coupled method «e-N » whose parameters were obtained by the finite element method
ALAIN, REGIS. "Comportement en fatigue plastique d'un acier inoxydable austénitique type 316L entre 20°C et 600°C : étude des facteurs gouvernant la durée de vie." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT2295.
Повний текст джерелаImaddahen, Amine. "Étude expérimentale multi-échelle et modélisation hybride prédictive du comportement, de l'endommagement et de la durée de vie en fatigue d’un matériau composite polypropylène / fibres de verre." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAE063.
Повний текст джерелаThe main objective of this work, is to provide a numerical tool, capable of predicting the damage and fatigue life of thermoplastic matrix composites materials and structures. To do this, a multi-scale experimental study of the PPGF40 material (polypropylene loaded with 40% by mass of glass fiber) is carried out. A qualitative, but also a quantitative analysis of the various damage mechanisms occurring during mechanical loading was carried out through in-situ three-points SEM bending tests, interrupted fatigue tests and observations of fracture faces in monotonic and cyclic loading. In the light of these tests, we concluded that the decohesion of the fiber-matrix interface, and the propagation of cracks through the interfaces, appears to be, the predominant damage phenomenon leading to the fracture of the material and that, regardless of the orientation of the fibers and the loading mode. The proposed hybrid approach is based on a micromechanical / phenomenological model taking into account the damage at the fiber / matrix interface and the plasticity of the matrix. To do this, a local statistical criterion of damage at the fiber-matrix interface is introduced into a Mori and Tanaka model, and the linearization of the plastic behavior of the matrix is done step by step, using the mean field approach with a secant formulation. The micromechanical model used then, makes it possible to predict the behavior of the material under monotonic loading, and in particular the first stiffness loss during the fatigue. Analysis of the experimental results shows that the latter is directly related to the fatigue life of the material. Thus, a predictive methodology of the fatigue life is proposed and validated for various microstructural configurations. A fatigue failure criterion is proposed according to the number of cycles
Rotella, Antonio. "Fatigue d'un alliage d'aluminium moulé A357-T6 : rôle de la morphologie, de la position des défauts et application à une structure pour le calcul de la durée de vie en fatigue." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe purpose of this work is to characterize the high cycle fatigue strength of the A357-T6 (AS7G06-T6) cast aluminum alloy affected by natural casting defects (shrinkages). Six different castings have been manufactured in order to study two shrinkage types: the cavity shrinkages and the sponge shrinkages with a defect grade ranging from 2 to 4 (as defined by the ASTM E2422 standard). High cycle fatigue tests have been carried out in order to estimate the fatigue limit under positive tensile loading (R = 0.1) for each defect type at N = 2∙106 cycles. The effect of the local defect morphology has been investigated performing several fatigue tests on specimens with artificial surface defects characterized by a local morphology modification (FIB and EDM machining). The artificial defect size and morphology is representative of the natural interdendritic porosity. The local and global defect morphology of the natural defects have been studied by means of finite element simulations conducted on the real shrinkage morphology reconstructed from a μ-CT scan. Two equivalent geometries have been proposed to simplify the natural defect morphology: a sphere and an inertia - equivalent ellipsoid.The effect of the defect position on the mechanical filed evolution has also been studied by means of finite element simulations performed on the real defect geometry. The analysis of the Kitagawa-Takahashi diagram has been performedby using two different approaches for both internal and surface defects: (i) the Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM)(ii) the Defect Stress Gradient (DSG) fatigue criterion. An experimental campaign has been performed at a component scale. A casted A357-T6structural component has been tested with two different configurations: as received and degraded with artificial surface defects. A DSG fatigue criterion,taking into account the effect of the stress gradient at the macroscopic scale of the component, has been proposed. The model has been validated by means of finite element simulations using a data post-processing sub-routine that gives as output the critical defect size map at each point of the simulated model
Malek, Benaïssa. "Etude et modélisation du comportement en fatigue de l'alliage d'Aluminium 2618 anodisé soumis à des chargements multiaxiaux." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30016.
Повний текст джерелаAnodized aluminum alloys are widely used in aircraft construction because of their mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and low density. However, the anodizing process often leads to a reduction in fatigue strength. In addition, the parts are generally subjected to multiaxial fatigue loadings in service. Therefore, it is necessary to study, not only the effect of the anodization, but also to correlate it to the nature of the loading.The objective of the thesis is to identify and characterize the different mechanisms involved in the anodizing effect of the alloy 2618-T851 on the fatigue strength and to determine the impact of the nature of the loading. On the one hand, uniaxial tensile and torsional fatigue tests have been carried out on specimens in the bare state with different surface roughness levels and under different stress ratios. It was found that the surface roughness had no effect whatever the nature of the loading. On the other hand, a non-zero normal mean stress or mean shear stress reduces fatigue life.The tests carried out on pickled, anodized, impregnated and finally sealed specimens showed that, in tension, the reduction in fatigue life is mainly due to the anodic oxidation step. On the other hand, in torsion, the fatigue strength of the alloy is not sensitive to the anodizing process. Then, the material was studied in multiaxial fatigue, tensile-torsion under different stress ratios and different phase angles in the machined and anodized state. We have found that anodizing has a detrimental effect as in the case of pure tension and that the material is not sensitive to phase angle whatever the stress amplitude ratio. The alloy has been studied under multiaxial loadings integrating the internal pressure to analyze the fatigue behavior of the alloy under this type of loading. Surface fracture analysis has shown that, in general, cracks initiated from Al9FeNi intermetallic particles with the presence of a single site for the alloy in the bare state and from the oxide layer with the presence of multi-sites in the case of anodized specimens. For life-time predictions, we have used different critical-plane approaches (Morel, Fatemi-Socie, Findley, Kluger and Macha) to predict fatigue life under different loading combinations. Finally, a model inspired by the Kluger model has been proposed
Braisaz-Latille, Paul. "Suivi et prédiction de l’initiation de l’endommagement et de la durée de vie en fatigue dans un matériau composite tissé présentant un défaut artificiel de fabrication par le biais d’une approche hybride." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11901.
Повний текст джерелаBraisaz-Latille, Paul. "Suivi et prédiction de l'initiation de l'endommagement et de la durée de vie en fatigue dans un matériau composite tissé présentant un défaut artificiel de fabrication par le biais d'une approche hybride." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6612.
Повний текст джерелаBacila, Adriana. "Influence des effets de surcharges et de souscharges sur la propagation d'une fissure de fatigue : Modélisation et estimation de la durée de vie des éléments de construction mécanique." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-358.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаKhelif, Rabia. "Analyse de la rupture et évaluation de la durée de vie basée sur la fiabilité des tubes en polyéthylène pour le transport du gaz." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718327.
Повний текст джерелаSaintier, Nicolas. "Fatigue multiaxiale dans un élastomère de type NR : mécanismes d'endommagement et critère local d'amorçage de fissure." Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2001. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00397910.
Повний текст джерелаFerrier, Emmanuel. "Comportement de l'interface composite-béton sous des sollicitations de fluage thermo-stimulé et en fatigue oligocyclique : application au calcul prévisionnel de la durabilité de poutres BA renforcées." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10313.
Повний текст джерелаLe, Jolu Thomas. "Étude de l'influence des défauts de soudage sur le comportement plastique et la durée de vie en fatigue de soudures par friction-malaxage d'un alliage Al-Cu-Li." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00719638.
Повний текст джерелаDorvaux, Mariette Moevus. "Mécanismes d'endommagement, émission acoustique et durées de vie en fatigue statique du composite SiCf/[Si-B-C] aux températures intermédiaires (<800 °C)." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0114/these.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThe SiC/[Si-B-C]] composite has been developed for specific applications under high temperatures and corrosive environments. The envisioned applications in civil aircraft engine is require very long lifetimes (20 000 h), which cannot be measured experimental y. New methods are thus necessary to predict lifetimes of this composite. This study aims at determining the damage mechanisms limiting the composite's lifetime at intermediate temperatures. The acoustic emission (AE) technique was used to measure the damage kinetics during Static fatigue experiments. A methodology for AE signals clustering has been developed, in order to separate the signals coming from different damage mechanisms: matrix cracking, interfacial deboning sliding fiber failure. This methodology was first drawn up with ae data recorded during experiments on model materials. Then it has been applied and validated in the case of the 3d composite tested at room temperature. Static fatigue experiments were performed at temperatures in the range [450•c-750•c], in order to Determine short lifetimes and to plot a lifetime diagram as a function of the applied stress. The Degradation mechanisms were analyzed. Several damage indicators were measured during the tests: The strain, the elastic modulus and the number of AE signals. A basic criterion has been proposed for Lifetime prediction: it is possible to detect minimum of the acoustic activity, during a static fatigue experiment, at nearly 60% of the time to failure. The AE signals of fiber failures have been successfully identified. The kinetics of fiber failures could be used to model the composite's degradation and to predict lifetimes
Kanouni, Nassim. "Développement d'une méthodologie de surveillance basée sur l'émission acoustique pour la détermination de la durée de vie en fatigue et l'initiation de propagation d'un dommage artificiel inséré dans un composite à renfort tissé." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11902.
Повний текст джерелаOsman, Thaer. "Simulation de l'usure et d'avaries sur des dentures d'engrenages cylindriques : Influence sur le comportement statique et dynamique de transmission par engrenages." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00760062.
Повний текст джерела