Дисертації з теми "Durcissement au rayonnement"
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Santos, Filipe Vinci dos. "Techniques de conception pour le durcissement des circuits intégrés face aux rayonnements." Grenoble 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10208.
Vaillé, Jean-Roch. "Développement, caractérisation et durcissement d'un dosimètre base sur la luminescence stimulée optiquement destiné aux applications spatiales." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20161.
Durand, Renaud. "Modélisation des effets de dose dans les circuits intégrés en environnement spatial." Toulouse, ISAE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ESAE0016.
Roume, Chantal. "Synthèse de monomères multiépoxydes et de leurs dérivés acryliques à propriétés thermiques améliorées." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20039.
Zerarka, Moustafa. "Étude des régimes extrêmes de fonctionnement en environnement radiatif des composants de puissance en vue de leur durcissement pour les applications aéronautiques et spatiales." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874051.
Almeida, Dos Santos Douglas. "Développement d'un processeur durci sur architecture RISC-V pour applications en environnement sévère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS089.
This thesis explores the development and characterization of the HARV processor and its HARV-SoC version, specifically designed for operation in harsh environments. It begins by highlighting the challenges posed by harsh environments, particularly the impact of radiation on electronic devices and systems. The thesis categorizes harsh environments into space, atmospheric, and artificial radiation environments, each with its unique characteristics.In the artificial radiation environments, various experimental facilities are described, which provide different particle spectra, including neutrons, protons, and mixed fields. The thesis delves into the radiation effects on electronic devices, covering cumulative effects like total ionizing dose (TID) and displacement damage (DD), as well as single events leading to errors and system failures.The research introduces the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) as a widely adopted processor architecture known for its regular instruction formatting, cost-effective instruction decoding, and modular flexibility. The thesis emphasizes the importance of reliability in using processors in harsh environments and discusses techniques for error detection and correction, including spatial, temporal, and information redundancy.Acknowledging the increasing use of RISC-V processors in critical applications, the thesis summarizes related work, positioning HARV-SoC in the context of the latest developments. It then delves into the implementation of HARV, the initial version of the processor, emphasizing microarchitecture-level fault tolerance. Register protection using error-correcting codes and triple modular redundancy is highlighted.The work extends to developing an SoC with a multi-cycle architecture, allowing for more complex applications while maintaining essential peripherals. Fault injection simulations are conducted to analyze fault models comprehensively. Observability mechanisms are introduced to prepare HARV-SoC for experiments in particle accelerators, enabling a detailed analysis of errors within the processor, particularly with neutron radiation.Recognizing the limitations of error counters, an error handler is implemented to temporarily store information about detected errors. This information is reported to applications through exceptions, facilitating detailed error analysis and responses. The design is thoroughly characterized and evaluated in experiments involving various radiation environments.The analysis expands to testing operating systems and using software recovery techniques. In conclusion, the thesis comprehensively explores radiation-tolerant processors for harsh environments, providing valuable insights and techniques to enhance system reliability and performance in challenging scenarios
Zerarka, Moustafa. "Étude des régimes extrêmes de fonctionnement en environnement radiatif des composants de puissance en vue de leur durcissement pour les applications aéronautiques et spatiales." Phd thesis, Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2149/.
This work deals with the reliability of electronic components such as power MOSFETs and IGBTs affected by Radiative Natural Environment. Nowadays, this problem is considered to be part of the component reliability. While it concerned initially with components which work in severe radiation environment for aerospace, the evolution and complexity of embedded electronics that can interact with this environment which have potentially damaging effects lead us to take these radiative constraints into account as the case of heavy ion. From this scope this work was conducted. Simulations were carried out with Synopsys TCAD simulator in order to give a better understanding of the failure mechanisms such as the Single Event Burnout (SEB) or Single Event Latchup and to define the criteria of triggering, the behavior and the sensitivity of different structure (VDMOS, SJ-MOSFET, IGBT planar and IGBT trench). This study allows us to propose and evaluate hardening solutions in design against the triggering phenomena related to the parasites structures
Delacour, Pascal. "Etude en microscopie analytique par transmission d'alliages renforcés par oxydation interne et de martensites du système Cu-Al. Importance du coherent bremsstrahlung dans la microanalyse X de ces alliages." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES073.
Monnier, Thierry. "Durcissement de circuits convertisseurs A/N rapides fonctionnant en environnement spatial." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20112.
Pepitone, Kévin. "Etude de la production, de la propagation et de la focalisation d'un faisceau d'électrons impulsionnel intense." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0158/document.
The electron beam (500 keV, 30 kA, 100 ns) of the RKA (Relativistic Klystron Amplifier) generator is used to study materials under shocks at low fluences (< 10 cal/cm²). Their response depends on the beam characteristics at the impact location, mainly in terms of spatial homogeneity. We have used electrical diagnostics as well as an optical diagnostics where the visible photons produced by Cerenkov emission in a silica target are collected by fast cameras. Beam homogeneity has been studied in the vacuum diode as a function of the materials used for the cathode and the anode. Beam propagation and focusing in a chamber filled with a low-pressure gas has also been investigated.Each part of the installation has been optimized during this work. We found that, among the tested materials, a velvet cathode with well-aligned fibers is the best emitter. An anode of thickness about ten micrometers improves the beam homogeneity by scattering of electrons. Next, we focused on beam propagation and focusing in the chamber. For example, a 400 keV, 4.2 kA electron beam can be propagated at constant radius in argon at 0.7 mbar. We performed simulations with the Monte Carlo code Geant4 in order to compute the beam interaction with the Cerenkov target as well as with the anode. Beam emission and propagation were simulated with the PIC code Magic. The good agreement with the experimental results allows us to estimate the electron distributions at any position along the beam path in order to initialize correctly the computation of the beam-material interaction
Piccin, Yohan. "Durcissement par conception d'ASIC analogiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0145/document.
The purpose of this thesis work is to investigate circuit design techniques to improve the robustness to Total Ionizing Dose (TID) of analog circuits within electronic systems embedded in space probes, satellites and vehicles. Such circuits often contain bipolartransistor components which are quite sensitive to cumulated radiation dose. However highly integrated CMOS technology has been shown to exhibit better natural TDI hardening.The approach proposed here is a hardening by design using a full CMOS semiconductor technology commercially available from ST Microelectronics calledHCMOS9A. The proposed generic hardening design methods will be seen to be compatibleand applicable to other existing or future process technologies. Furthermore this approach addresses the issue of ever-increasing development cost and access to hardened technologies.The first TID hardening technique proposed is applied to a full-CMOS voltage reference. This technique does not involve p-n junctions nor any particular layout precaution but instead is based on the subtraction of two different threshold voltages which allows the cancellation of TDI effects. While the use of advanced commercial CMOS technologies for specific radiation hardened applications is becoming more common, these technologies suffer from larger inputoffs et voltage drift than their bipolar transistor counterparts, which can impact system performance. The second technique studied is that of auto-zeroing, which is an efficient method to reduce the complex offset voltage drift mechanisms of operational amplifiers due to temperature. The purpose here is to prove that this technique can also cancel input offset voltage drift due to TID.Index term : hardening, cumulated dose, CMOS technology, voltage reference,operational amplifier
Lorfèvre, Eric. "Défaillances induites par les rayonnements ionisants dans les composants de puissance IGBT et VIP : Solutions de durcissement." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20271.
Salager, Laurent. "Conception en vue du durcissement des circuits intégrés numériques aux effets radiatifs." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20030.
Brichard, Benoît. "Systèmes à fibres optiques pour infrastructures nucléaires : du durcissement aux radiations à l'application." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20182.
Briand, Renaud. "Contribution à l'étude des effets des radiations ionisantes sur les technologies bipolaires : Application au durcissement des circuits intégrés linéaires." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12284.
Delevoye-Orsier, Elisabeth. "Contribution à la démonstration de faisabilité d'une filière durcie, mixte, sur silicium-sur-isolant." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0043.
Hoffmann, Alain. "Etude de la conduction et du bruit de fond de structures M. O. S. En vue de caractériser le durcissement de leur technologie." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20058.
Faccio, Federico. "Étude des transistors MOS avancés sur silicium sur isolant (SOI) : bruit, dégradation en environnement radiatif et applications." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0174.
Issaoui, Amal. "Comportement sous irradiation des aciers ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) pour le gainage combustible des réacteurs de 4ème génération." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R008.
The extreme operating conditions envisaged for the fuel cladding of generation IV reactors (high temperature: 400°C-700°C, and high dose of irradiation: up to 150 dpa) require the development of new materials. Ferritic/martensitic steels reinforced by a dispersion of nanometric oxides (ODS: Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) are now one of the options for fissile cladding materials dedicated to the high combustion rates of a SFR. In fact, these steels exhibit a good resistance to swelling for high doses, up to 150 dpa, and a good resistance to creep deformation at high temperature thanks to the presence of nanometric oxides. However, neutron irradiation induces microchemical changes in the structure of these materials such as the separation of α-α ’phases and Cr depletion at the grain boundaries. These microstructural modifications can considerably affect the mechanical properties of these steels and could notably degrade the resistance to creep deformation and the resistance to swelling. These phenomena have been relatively little studied in ODS steels, in particular the precipitation of the ’ phase and its impact on the hardening of materials. Thus, the objective of the thesis work is to study the phenomenon of separation of the α-α ’phases as well as the behavior of grain boundaries under thermal aging, under ion irradiation and also under neutron irradiation. Excluding irradiation, the results obtained show that the precipitate ’ is formed by a non classical mechanism in ODS steels after thermal aging. It has been found that the oxide nanoreinforcements serve as a heterogeneous germination site for ’phases, thus accelerating the latter’s growth kinetics. If these phases initially harden the material significantly, their hardening effect is dependent on their kinetics of precipitation. In addition to the formation of these Cr-rich phases, Cr segregation at the grain boundaries has been demonstrated. It has been shown that enrichment in Cr is strongly dependent on the disorientation of the grain boundary and could, in the case of highly disoriented joints, cause a spinodal decomposition localized at the grain boundary. Under ion irradiation, it has been shown that the defects generate an induced Cr segregation depleting the grain boundaries, in particular in the case of an ODS Fe-14Cr alloy. ’-isolated droplets are 6 observed in the case of Fe-18Cr ODS while a mechanism of spinodal decomposition induced under irradiation has been observed in the case of Fe-14Cr ODS. The mechanisms highlighted in thermal ageing and under ion irradiation made it possible to understand the microstructures observed after neutron irradiation
Wei, Xiaomin. "Study and improvement of radiation hard monolithic active pixel sensors of charged particle tracking." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00953382.
Glorieux, Maximilien. "Durcissement par conception (RHBD) et modélisation des évènements singuliers dans les circuits intégrés numériques en technologies Bulk 65 nm et FDSOI 28 nm." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4725.
The extreme technology scaling of digital circuits leads to increase their sensitivity to ionizing radiation, whether in spatial or terrestrial environments. Natural radiation can now induce single event effects in deca-nanometer circuits and impact their reliability.This thesis focuses on the modeling of single event mechanisms and the development of hardening by design solutions that mitigate radiation threat on the circuit error rate.In a first part of this work, we have developed a physical model for both the transport and collection of radiation-induced charges in a biased circuit, derived from pure physics-based equations without any fitting parameter. This model is called Random-Walk Drift-Diffusion (RWDD). This particle-level model and its numerical transient solving allows the coupling of the charge collection process with a circuit simulator, taking into account the time variations of the electrical fields in the structure. The RWDD model is able to simulate the behavior of a circuit following a radiation impact, independently of the implemented function and the considered technology.In a second part of our work, hardening solutions that limit radiation impacts on circuit reliability have been developed. At elementary cell level, new radiation-hardened latch architectures have been proposed, with a limited impact on performances. At system level, a clock tree duplication methodology has been proposed, leaning on specific latches. Finally, a triplication flow has been design for critical applications. All these solutions have been implemented in 65 nm and UTBB-FDSOI 28nm technologies and radiation test have been performed to measure their hardening efficiency
Bessot, Denis. "Conception de deux points mémoire statiques CMOS durcis contre l'effet des aléas logiques provoqués par l'environnement radiatif spatial." Grenoble INPG, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPG0161.
Sudre, Christophe. "Synthèse et modélisation des phénomènes induits par une irradiation transitoire sur des diodes et transistors : Photocourant généré par flash X." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20122.
Cadinot, Nathalie. "Etude et caractérisation d'adhésifs structuraux durcissables par bombardement électronique." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20252.
Dachs, Charles. "Etude et modélisation du phénomène de burnout induit par ion lourd dans un MOSFET de puissance à canal-n." Montpellier 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON20119.
Lescoat, Marie-Laure. "Etude du comportement des nano-renforts des matériaux ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) sous irradiation : Approche analytique par des irradiations aux ions." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10167/document.
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) Ferritic-Martensitic (FM) alloys are expected to play an important role as cladding material in Generation IV sodium fast reactors operating in extreme temperature (400-500°C) and irradiation conditions (up to 200 dpa). Since nano-oxides give ODS steels their high-temperature strength, the stability of these particles is an important issue. The present study evaluate the radiation response of nano-oxides by the use of in-situ and ex-situ ion irradiations performed on both Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti +0,3 Y2O3 and Fe18Cr1W0,4Ti + 0.3 MgO ODS steels. In particular, the results showed that Y-Ti-O nano-oxides are quite stable under very high dose irradiation, namely 237 dpa at 500°C and, that the oxide interfacial structures are likely playing an important role on the behavior under irradiation (oxide stability and point defect recombination)
Chiapetto, Monica. "Modélisation numérique de l’évolution nanostructurale d’aciers ferritiques sous irradiation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10070.
We developed object kinetic Monte Carlo (OKMC) models that proved able to predict the nanostructure evolution under neutron irradiation in both RPV and F/M steels. These were modelled, respectively, in terms of Fe-C-MnNi and Fe-C-Cr alloys, but the model was also validated against data obtained on a real RPV steel coming from the surveillance programme of the Ringhals Swedish nuclear power plant. The effects of the substitutional solutes of interest were introduced in our OKMC model under the simplifying assumptions of ‘‘grey alloy’’ scheme, i.e. they were not explicitly introduced in the model, which therefore cannot describe their redistribution under irradiation, but their effect was translated into modified parameters for the mobility of defect clusters. The possible origin of low temperature radiation hardening (and subsequent embrittlement) was also investigated and the models strongly supported the hypothesis that solute clusters segregate on immobile interstitial loops, which act therefore as heterogeneous nucleation sites for the formation of the NiSiPCr- and MnNi-enriched cluster populations experimentally, as observed with atom probe tomography in, respectively, F/M and RPV steels. In other words, the so-called matrix damage would be intimately associated with solute atom clusters and precipitates which increase their stability and reduce their mobility: their ultimate effect is reflected in an alteration of the macroscopic mechanical properties of the investigated alloys. Throughout all our work the obtained results have been systematically validated on existing experimental data, in a process of continuous improvement of the physical hypotheses adopted
Ladaci, Ayoub. "Rare earth doped optical fibers and amplifiers for space applications." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSES027/document.
Rare earth doped fibers (REDFs) are a key component in optical laser sources and amplifiers (REDFAs). Their high performances render them very attractive for space applications as the active part of gyroscopes, high data transfer links and LIDARs. However, the high sensitivity of these active fibers to space radiations limits the REDFA integration in actual and future missions. To overcome these issues various studies were carried out and some mitigation techniques were identified such as the Cerium co-doping or the hydrogen loading of the REDFs. All these solutions occur at the component level and are classified as a hardening by component strategy allowing the manufacturing of radiation hardened REDFAs with adapted performances for low doses space mission. However, with the new space research programs, more challenging space missions are targeted with higher radiations doses requiring even more tolerant REDFs and REDFAs. To this aim, an optimization of the REDFA at the system level is investigated in this PhD thesis exploiting an approach coupling simulations and experiments offering the opportunity to benefit from the outputs of this hardening by system strategy in addition to other state-of-the-art approaches. After presenting the context, objectives of this work, the basic mechanisms about amplification and radiation effects as well as the architectures of REDFAs are described in chapters I and II. After that, we update a state of art REDFAs simulation code described in Chapter III, to consider not only the REDFA optical performances but also their evolutions when exposed to radiations. Several experiments on dedicated home-made REDFA have been performed using accelerated irradiation tests (Chapter IV) and the comparison between these data and those obtained through the new code validated the simulation tools. Thereafter, we exploit the validated code to highlight how the optimization of the REDFA architecture can participate to the mitigation of the radiation effects on the amplifier performances (Chapter V). Finally, in chapter VI the implementation in the code of several other effects, such as thermal effects, input signal multiplexing was investigated both from experimental and calculation point of views
Vivona, Marilena. "Radiation hardening of rare-earth doped fiber amplifiers." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STET4008.
This thesis is devoted to the study of the radiation response of optical amplifiers based on Er/Yb doped fibers. These devices operating at 1.5 µm are conceived for space applications and contextually the evaluation of their performance in such harsh environment becomes of crucial importance. Two treatments, the H2-loading and the Ce-doping of the fiber core, are investigated as radiation hardening solutions. A spectroscopic study has been associated, in order to improve the knowledge of the physical mechanisms responsible for the signal degradation and the action of the hardening solutions. The thesis is organized in three parts. Part I deals with a general description of the Rare-Earth (RE)-doped fibers, with the introduction of some basic concepts of the RE-ion physics and their interaction with the host matrix material (phosphosilicate glass). The state-of-art of the radiation effects on the optical fibers, particularly the RE- doped fibers, is also overviewed. Part II describes the samples (fiber fabrication, geometry and chemical compositions), and the used experimental techniques, including a short discussion on the related theoretical background. Part III describes the main results; firstly, the active tests, performed on the RE-doped fiber as part of an optical amplifier, demonstrate that the Ce-codoping and H2-load have a key-role in the limitation of the radiation induced losses. Then, the spectroscopic analysis of the phosphosilicate glass (Raman study) and of the RE-ions (stationary and time-resolved luminescence) show a stabilization effect due to the two treatments, leading to a preservation of the high efficiency of the physical system under study
Lecat-Mathieu, de Boissac Capucine. "Developing radiation-hardening solutions for high-performance and low-power systems." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0413.
New actors have accelerated the pace of putting new satellites into orbit, and other domains like the automotive industry are at the origin of this development. These new actors rely on advanced technologies, such as UTBB FD-SOI in order to be able to achieve the necessary performance to accomplish the tasks. Albeit disruptive in terms of intrinsic soft-error resistance, the growing density and complexity of spaceborne and automotive systems require an accurate characterization of technologies, as well as an adaptation of traditional hardening techniques. This PhD focuses on the study of radiation effects in advanced FD-SOI and bulk silicon processes, and on the research of innovative protection mechanisms. A custom, self-calibrating transient measurements structure with automated design flow is first presented, allowing for the characterization of four different technologies during accelerated tests. The soft-error response of 28~nm FD-SOI and 40~nm bulk logic and storage cells is then assessed through beam testing and with the help of TCAD simulations, allowing to study the influence of voltage, frequency scaling and the application of forward body biasing on sensitivity. Total ionizing dose is also investigated through the use of an on-chip monitoring block. The test results are then utilized to propose a novel hardening solution for system on chip, which gathers the monitoring structures into a real-time radiation environment assessment and a power management unit for power mode adjustments. Finally, as an extension of the SET sensors capability, an implementation of radiation monitors in a context of secure systems is proposed to detect and counteract laser attacks
VINCI, DOS SANTOS F. "Techniques de conception pour le durcissement des circuits intégrés face aux rayonnements." Phd thesis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003047.
Bedwani, Stéphane. "Étude des artefacts en tomodensitométrie par simulation Monte Carlo." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10379.
Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in radiotherapy to acquire patient-specific data for an accurate dose calculation in radiotherapy treatment planning. To consider the composition of heterogeneous tissues, calculation techniques such as Monte Carlo method are needed to compute an exact dose distribution. To use CT images with dose calculation algorithms, all voxel values, expressed in Hounsfield unit (HU), must be converted into relevant physical parameters such as the electron density (ED). This conversion is typically accomplished by means of a HU-ED calibration curve. Any discrepancy (or artifact) that appears in the reconstructed CT image prior to calibration is susceptible to yield wrongly-assigned tissues. Such tissue misassignment may crucially decrease the reliability of dose calculation. The aim of this work is to assign exact physical values to CT image voxels to insure the reliability of dose calculation in radiotherapy treatment planning. To achieve this, origins of CT artifacts are first studied using Monte Carlo simulations. Such simulations require a lot of computational time and were parallelized to run efficiently on a supercomputer. An sensitivity study on HU uncertainties due to CT artifacts is then performed using statistical analysis of the image histograms. Beam hardening effect appears to be the origin of several artifacts and is specifically addressed. Finally, a review on the state of the art in beam hardening correction is presented and an empirical correction is exposed in detail.