Дисертації з теми "Dual fuel mode"
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Singh, Sunmeet. "Utilization of methane in a compression ignition engine under dual fuel mode." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2017. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7243.
Повний текст джерелаLago, Sari Rafael. "Dual Mode Dual Fuel Combustion: Implementation on a Real Medium Duty Engine Platform." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/165366.
Повний текст джерела[CA] Històricament, el sector del transport de servei mitjà i pesat ha sigut desafiat per les regulacions d'emissions que s'han imposat al llarg dels anys, la qual cosa va requerir intensificar l'esforç d'investigació amb l'objectiu d'avançar en el desenvolupament tecnològic per a oferir una opció que complisca amb les normes a un preu similar per al propietari. No obstant això, la recent introducció de la normativa EUVI ha requerit l'addició d'un complex sistema de postractament, agregant nous costos fixos al producte, així com costos operatius amb el consum d'urea. Aquest avanç va ser necessari a causa de la limitació de la combustió dièsel convencional que no pot desacoblar les altes emissions de NOx i l'eficiència. Aquesta limitació tecnològica ha impulsat la investigació sobre diferents conceptes de combustió que podrien mantindre nivells d'eficiència similars als de la combustió dièsel controlant la formació d'emissions durant el procés de combustió. Entre les diferents solucions que han anat apareixent al llarg dels anys, es va demostrar que la Ignició per Compressió Controlada per Reactivitat (RCCI per les seues sigles en anglés) té un avantatge competitiu a causa de la seua millor controlabilitat, alta eficiència i baixes emissions de sutge i NOx. Malgrat els seus beneficis, l'extensió del RCCI a l'operació de mapa complet ha indicat limitacions importants com a gradients de pressió excessius a alta càrrega, o alta inestabilitat de combustió i productes no cremats a baixa càrrega del motor. Recentment, es va introduir el concepte de combustió Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel (DMDF) com un intent de resoldre els inconvenients de la combustió RCCI mantenint els seus avantatges. Els resultats preliminars obtinguts en un motor mono-cilíndric (SCE per les seues sigles en anglés) han demostrat que el DMDF pot aconseguir nivells d'eficiència similars als de la combustió dièsel convencional al mateix temps que afavoreix nivells ultra baixos de sutge i NOx. Si bé, els requisits de la condició límit són difícils d'encaixar en el rang operatiu de sistema de gestió d'aire, així com inconvenients com l'excés de HC i CO que encara persisteix en la zona de baixa i mitja càrrega, la qual cosa pot ser un desafiament per al sistema de postractament. A més, les futures regulacions a curt termini exigiran una reducció del 15% de les emissions de CO¿ en 2025, repte que la literatura suggereix que no s'aconseguirà fàcilment només mitjançant l'optimització del procés de combustió. En aquest sentit, aquesta tesi té com a objectiu general la implementació del concepte de combustió DMDF en un motor multi-cilindre (MCE per les seues sigles en anglés) sota les restriccions de les aplicacions reals per a realitzar una combustió neta i eficient en el mapa complet alhora que brinda alternatives per a reduir la concentració de HC i CO i aconseguir un estalvi de CO¿. Aquest objectiu s'aconsegueix mitjançant un primer extens procediment de calibratge experimental que té com a objectiu traslladar les pautes de la combustió DMDF del SCE al MCE respectant els límits operatius del motor original, avaluant el seu impacte en els resultats de combustió, rendiment i emissions en condicions estacionàries i condicions de cicle de conducció. A continuació, es realitzen estudis específics per a abordar el problema relacionat amb la concentració excessiva de productes no cremats mitjançant investigacions experimentals i simulacions numèriques per a comprendre les conseqüències de l'ús de combustibles amb diferent reactivitat en l'eficiència de conversió del catalitzador d'oxidació original i la seua capacitat per a aconseguir emissions al tub d'escapament menors que el límit EUVI. Finalment, es busca la reducció de CO2 a través de la modificació del combustible, investigant tant la millora del procés de combustió com l'equilibri entre el cicle de vida del combustible.
[EN] The medium and heavy-duty transport sector was historically challenged by the emissions regulations that were imposed along the years, requiring to step up the research effort aiming at advancing the product development to deliver a normative compliant option at similar price to the owner. Nonetheless, the recent introduction of EUVI normative have required the addition of a complex aftertreatment system, adding new fixed costs to the product as well as operational costs with the urea consumption. This breakthrough was required due to the limitation of the conventional diesel combustion which cannot decouple high NOx emissions and efficiency. This technological limitation has boosted the investigation on different combustion concepts that could maintain similar efficiency levels than the diesel combustion while controlling the emission formation during the combustion process. Among the different solutions that have appeared along the years, Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) was demonstrated to have a competitive edge due to its better controllability, high efficiency and low soot and NOx emissions. Despite the benefits, the extension of RCCI to full map operation has presented significant limitations, as excessive pressure gradients at high load and high combustion instability and unburned products at low engine load. Recently, Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel (DMDF) combustion concept was introduced as an attempt of solving the drawbacks of the RCCI combustion while maintaining its advantages. The preliminary results obtained in single cylinder engine (SCE) have evidenced that DMDF can achieves similar efficiency levels than those from conventional diesel combustion while promoting ultra-low levels of soot and NOx. Albeit, the boundary condition requirements are hard to fit in the operating range of commercial air management system as well as drawbacks like excessive HC and CO that still persists from low to medium load, which can be a challenge for the aftertreatment system. Moreover, short-term future regulations will demand a 15 % reduction of CO2 emissions in 2025 which was proven in the literature to not be easily achieved only by combustion process optimization. In this sense, this thesis has as general objective the implementation of the DMDF combustion concept in a multi-cylinder engine (MCE) under the restrictions of real applications to realize clean and efficient combustion in the complete map while providing alternatives to reduce the HC and CO concentration and accomplish CO2 savings. This objective is accomplished by means of a first extensive experimental calibration procedure aiming to translate the guidelines of the DMDF combustion from the SCE to the MCE while respecting the operating limits of the stock hardware, assessing its impacts on combustion, performance, and emission results under steady and driving cycle conditions. Next, dedicated studies are performed to address the issue related with the excessive concentration of unburned products by means of experimental investigations and numerical simulations, to understand the consequences of using fuels with different reactivity in the stock oxidation catalyst conversion efficiency and its ability in achieving EUVI tailpipe emissions. Finally, CO2 reduction is explored through fuel modification, investigating both combustion process improvement and well-to-wheel balance as paths to realize CO2 abatement.
This doctoral thesis has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science Innovation and Universities under the grant:"Ayudas para contratos predoctorales para la formación de doctores" (PRE2018-085043)
Lago Sari, R. (2021). Dual Mode Dual Fuel Combustion: Implementation on a Real Medium Duty Engine Platform [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/165366
TESIS
FILHO, FERNANDO FERRARI. "EVALUATION OF DIESEL CYCLE ENGINE OPERATING IN THE DUAL FUEL MODE: DIESEL / ETHANOL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=19636@1.
Повний текст джерелаEste trabalho avaliou o comportamento de um motor do ciclo Diesel, operando no modo original (Diesel puro) e no modo bicombustível (Diesel / etanol), em dois modos de hidratação do álcool (70 e 93 graus INPM). A rotação foi mantida fixa em 1800 rpm. A finalidade foi estudar os parâmetros de desempenho do motor e analisar a liberação de calor pela combustão, como também, o calor trocado com as paredes. Avaliou-se como parâmetros de desempenho, o rendimento térmico, consumo específico de combustível e emissão de poluentes. A fase inicial do trabalho constou de ensaios experimentais realizados no conjunto motor / dinamômetro nos modos mencionados acima. O objetivo foi coletar a variação de pressão no interior do cilindro, consumo de combustível, emissão de gases, temperaturas em pontos estratégicos, entre outros. Em uma segunda etapa foi realizada uma análise dos parâmetros de desempenho e da liberação de calor. Para emissões de poluentes, observou-se uma diminuição de MP em altas taxas de substituição. No entanto, notou-se um aumento elevado de HC. Em baixas cargas e taxas de substituição elevadas houve redução de emissão de NOx. O rendimento térmico apresentou comportamentos similares em 70 e 93 graus INPM. Em altas cargas e altas taxas de substituição houve um sensível aumento do rendimento quando comparado ao modo original. O rendimento foi menor para baixas cargas com altas taxas de substituição, em relação ao modo original. O início da combustão no modo bicombustível foi antecipado em relação ao modo original, nas condições de altas cargas e máximas taxas de substituição. Isto foi devido à liberação de calor que ocorreu mais cedo no modo bicombustível. Ressalta-se que, nas mesmas condições, houve a ocorrência de um maior calor trocado com as paredes do cilindro, em ambos os modos de hidratação (70 – 93 graus INPM), quando comparado ao modo original.
This work aimed to evaluate a Diesel cycle engine operating in the original (only Diesel) and dual-fuel modes (Diesel / ethanol) in two levels of hydration of alcohol (70 and 93 degrees INPM). Speed was kept fixed at 1800 rpm. The purpose was to study the parameters of engine performance and analyze the heat release by combustion and heat exchanged to the cylinder’s walls. For parameters of performance, evaluation of thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption and emissions were conducted. Initial activities consisted in trial tests on the engine / dynamometer in the two modes as mentioned above. The goal was to collect the variation of indicated cylinder pressure data, as well as fuel consumption, emissions and temperatures at strategic points. Secondly, performance parameters and heat release analysis was performed. For emissions, a decrease in PM was found at higher replacement rates; however, in the same condition a large increase in HC was obtained. At low loads and at higher replacement rates, NOx emissions were reduced. Thermal efficiency showed similar behavior at 70 and 93 degrees INPM. At high loads and at higher replacement rates a significant increase in thermal efficiency compared to the original mode and for low loads with higher replacement rates thermal efficiency was decreased. In high loads and at higher replacement rates conditions, the process of combustion occurred before in the dual fuel mode, due to earlier heat release compared to original mode (only Diesel). In the same conditions an increase of heat exchanged to the cylinder’s wall in both modes of hydration of alcohol (70 and 93 degrees INPM) compared to the original mode was obtained.
Júnior, Roberto Freitas Britto. "Experimental analysis of a diesel engine operating in diesel-ethanol dual-fuel mode." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2014. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3043.
Повний текст джерелаRiley, Logan Patrick. "Unstart Phenomenology of a Dual-Mode Scramjet Subject to Time-Varying Fuel Input." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1554740828968894.
Повний текст джерелаBoronat, Colomer Vicente. "Dual-Fuel Dual-Mode combustion strategy to achieve high thermal efficiency, low NOx and smoke emissions in compression ignition engines." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/113413.
Повний текст джерелаElevada eficiència tèrmica i mínimes emissions contaminants impostes per les normatives anticontaminants en motores alternatius representen el principal objectiu dels fabricants de motors. La estratègia de combustió diésel convencional es àmpliament utilitzada per tot el mon gracies al excel·lent consum de carburant. Esta estratègia permet operar el motor amb dosatges pobres que resulten en elevada eficiència tèrmica. A més, aquest tipus de combustió pot ser aplicada tant a els motor mes lleugers con als motor per aplicacions marines. No obstant això, aquest procés de combustió implica la generació de elevats nivells de emissió de NOx i sutja, que no es poden reduir simultàniament. Per tant, els fabricants han incorporat sistemes de post-tractament amb el objectiu de acomplir les normatives anticontaminació, que pretenen obtindre motors en emissions mes netes i mes eficients. Per el contrari, aquest tipus de sistemes per a reduir les emissions incrementen la complexitat del motor i els costos tant de producció com operatius al llarg del cicle de vida del motor. La comunitat científica continua desenvolupant solucions alternatives a la combustió dièsel mantenint els beneficis d¿aquest tipus de combustió però reduint les emissions (principalment NOx i sutja). La comunitat científica ha trobat a les estratègies de combustió de baixa temperatura un procés de combustió que te elevada eficiència tèrmica i extremadament baixes emissions de NOx y partícules. En aquest sentit, la revisió bibliogràfica constata que aquests tipus de combustions permeten la reducció simultània dels contaminants NOx i sutja, trencant el tradicional "trade-off" existent a la combustió dièsel. De entre totes les estratègies proposades de baixa temperatura, la estratègia combustió dominada per la reactivitat del combustible presenta mes potencial que les altres. Aquest procés de combustió es caracteritza per utilitzar dos combustibles, lo que li permet solventar els principals problemes que han aparegut al llarg de la investigació de les estratègies de baixa temperatura com el control de la combustió. No obstant, aquest concepte de combustió també presenta algunes limitacions com el excessiu nivell de monòxid de carbó e inquemats a baixa càrrega i el elevat gradient de pressió i elevada pressió en càmera a elevada càrrega que limiten el rang de operació del motor. El objectiu de la investigació es proposar un concepte de combustió "dual-fuel" que puga operar en tot el rang de operació de un motor proporcionant el mateix o millorant la eficiència tèrmica que el dièsel amb emissions ultra baixes de NOx y partícules. A més, aquesta investigació també implica realitzar una exploració de les partícules emitides per el concepte ja que actualment està regulat per les normatives anticontaminants. El procés de combustió que compleix el objectiu es diu "Dual-Mode Dual-Fuel". Aquest concepte de combustió utilitza dos combustibles de diferent reactivitat y modifica la combustió de totalment premesclada a baixa càrrega a combustió de natura difusiva a plena càrrega. Amb el desig de explorar les capacitats del concepte, s¿han arribat a provar dos configuracions de pistons diferent per a adequar la relació de compressió i també un anàlisi per tamanys de les partícules. Finalment, considerant els principals resultats obtinguts, el últim capítol pretén resumir les principals avantatges del concepte ací com les principals limitacions y , per tant, els treballs futurs.
High thermal efficiency coupled to minimum pollutants emissions imposed by the stringent standard emissions limitations in reciprocating engines represent the main target of the engine manufacturers industry. Conventional diesel combustion strategy is widely used worldwide due to its excellent fuel economy. This combustion strategy allows operating under lean mixtures of fuel and air that provide high thermal efficiency. In addition, this type of combustion can be applied from light-duty engines to large bore marine engines. However, the combustion process leads to high NOx and particle matter emissions, being impossible to reduce both pollutants simultaneously. Hence, manufactures have incorporated aftertreatment systems in order to meet the imposed standard emissions limitations, which are aimed to provide cleaner emissions and high efficiency. By contrast, these systems required for the emissions mitigation result in a very complex processes and an increase in the engine production and operational costs. The research community continues developing alternative solutions to the conventional diesel combustion concept keeping the benefits of this combustion process while the emissions are reduced (mainly focused on NOx and soot). Research community have found in the low temperature combustion strategies the combustion process able to provide excellent high thermal efficiency and ultra-low NOx and smoke emissions. In this sense, the literature review states that this types of combustion processes allow the simultaneous reduction of NOx and smoke, breaking the traditional trade-off found in diesel engines. Amongst others, the most promising strategy is the reactivity controlled compression ignition. This combustion process is characterized by using two fuels and is able to solve the main challenges of the low temperature combustion processes such as combustion phasing control. Nonetheless, the reactivity controlled strategy also presents some challenges such as excessive carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons during low load operation and high pressure rise rate and in-cylinder pressure that limit the engine range operation. The general objective of this investigation is to provide a dual-fuel strategy able to operate over the whole range providing similar or better thermal efficiency that the conventional diesel combustion and ultra-low values of NOx and smoke. In addition, the investigation also explores the particle emissions of the concept since it is regulated by the standard emissions. The combustion process that responds to the target provided at the general objective is the Dual-Fuel Dual-Mode concept. This concept uses two fuels and switches from a dual-fuel fully premixed strategy (based on the RCCI concept) during low load operation to a diffusive nature during high load operation. In order to explore the capabilities of the concept, two hardware configurations are used and a particle size distribution exploration is performed. Finally, considering the main findings of the investigation, the last chapter is aimed to provide the benefits of the combustion process developed as well as the main limitations or future works of the concept.
Boronat Colomer, V. (2018). Dual-Fuel Dual-Mode combustion strategy to achieve high thermal efficiency, low NOx and smoke emissions in compression ignition engines [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/113413
TESIS
Chintala, Venkateswarlu. "Experimental investigation on utilization of hydrogen in a compression ignition engine under dual-fuel mode." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2016. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7021.
Повний текст джерелаEGUSQUIZA, JULIO CESAR CUISANO. "EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF A DIESEL CYCLE ENGINE OPERATING ON DUAL-FUEL MODE: DIESEL / ETHANOL AND DIESEL / GAS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=17103@1.
Повний текст джерелаNo presente trabalho, ensaios experimentais de um motor do ciclo Diesel consumindo etanol hidratado ou gás natural em substituição parcial ao óleo diesel, foram realizados. Os objetivos principais foram verificar as influências dos combustíveis alternativos e avaliar as técnicas do avanço da injeção do diesel e da restrição parcial do ar de admissão, em relação aos parâmetros característicos da combustão, desempenho e emissões. Com base nos dados do diagrama pressão-ângulo de virabrequim, foi possível analisar alguns parâmetros característicos da combustão, tais como o início da combustão, a máxima taxa de elevação de pressão e o pico de pressão. Os parâmetros do desempenho e emissões do motor foram analisados através do rendimento térmico e as concentrações de monóxido de carbono, hidrocarbonetos, material particulado e óxidos de nitrogênio. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as técnicas avaliadas no modo bicombustível junto com as elevadas taxas de substituição do óleo diesel favoreceram a melhor queima dos combustíveis alternativos, refletindo-se favoravelmente em menores emissões de CO e MP, além de um pequeno aumento no rendimento térmico do motor. No entanto, houve também um acréscimo nas emissões de NOX e, no caso específico do avanço da injeção, foi notado um maior ruído gerado pelo motor.
In this report, experimental tests of a Diesel cycle engine running with hydrous ethanol or natural gas with partial substitution for diesel fuel were performed. The main objectives were to verify the influence of alternative fuels and evaluate the advancing of diesel injection timing and the air partial restriction, regarding the characteristic parameters of combustion, performance and emissions. Based on data from the pressure-crank angle diagram, it was possible to analyze some characteristic parameters of combustion, such as the start of combustion, the maximum rate of pressure rise and peak pressure. The parameters of the engine performance and emissions were analyzed through the thermal efficiency and the concentrations of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The results showed that the techniques evaluated in dual fuel mode with higher rates of substitution of diesel fuel favored a better burning of the alternative fuels, reflecting favorably in lower emissions of CO and PM, and also in a small increase in the engine thermal efficiency. However, there was also an increase in NOX emissions and, in the specific case of the advanced injection timing, it was noted a louder noise generated by the engine.
Aklouche, Fatma Zohra. "Etude caractéristique et développement de la combustion des moteurs Diesel en mode Dual-Fuel : optimisation de l'injection du combustible pilote." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0072/document.
Повний текст джерелаCurrently, the environmental degradation due to pollutant emissions and the gradual depletion of fossil fuels, becoming very worrying, are prompting European directives to set pollutant emission limits. These have led manufacturers to continue research in the development of clean and efficient engine designs using alternative fuels in internal combustion engines.In this work, we focus on the study of engines operating in dual-fuel mode to improve its performance while minimizing pollutant emissions, particularly HC and CO. For this, experimental studies were conducted. A reduction of about 77% in the HC emissions was observed as the equivalence ratio was varied from 0.35 to 0.7. Regarding the effect of injection timing, it was noted that the CO emissions decreased about 20% to 50% with an improvement in the brake thermal efficiency by 30% upon varying the injection advance from 4,5 °CA to 6 °CA. On the other hand, the introduction of pre-injection strategy led to a decrease by 30% in NOx emissions with an amelioration of brake thermal efficiency of 12% to 30% compared to a single injection. Lastly, a single zone thermodynamic model was developed to predict the in-cylinder temperature and pressure. A good agreement was noted between the predicted and experimental results. The average relative error was less than 5%
ACCURSO, FRANCESCO. "Development of a Phenomenological Combustion Model for Large Bore Dual Fuel Engines." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2972101.
Повний текст джерелаJohnson, Stephen. "A quasi-dimensional model for performance and emissions predictions in a dual fuel engine." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10975.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Yu. "A Numerical Investigation of Natural Gas-Diesel Dual Fuel Engine Combustion and Emissions Using CFD Model." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10845305.
Повний текст джерелаNatural gas (NG)-diesel dual fuel engines have been highlighted for their fuel flexibility and high thermal efficiency comparable to diesel engines. However, the addition of NG to compression ignition diesel engines was reported to elongate ignition delay and to increase the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned methane (CH4), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Past research on dual fuel engines has focused on the experimental research on the engine performance, combustion process, and exhaust emissions. The research on detailed mechanism dominating the impact of CH4 on formation of CO and NO2 in cylinder, and the mechanism for CH 4 to survive the combustion process and slip through the cylinder is limited. The examinations of these mechanisms require the simulation of dual fuel engine combustion using a CFD model coupled with chemical kinetic mechanism.
This research numerically investigates the combustion process and exhaust emissions from two NG-diesel dual fuel engines using a CFD model coupled with a reduced primary reference fuel (PRF) chemistry. The CFD model used is Converge-SAGE model with a maximum of 300000 grid points. The fuel chemistry used is a reduced PRF mechanism with 45 species and 142 reactions including a reduced NOx mechanism with 4 species and 12 reactions. The CFD model with reduced PRF chemistry has been validated against experimental data measured in a single-cylinder compression-ignition engine over a wide range of CH4 substitution ratio. A post-processing tool has been developed to calculate, analyze, and visualize the instantaneous rate of production (ROP) of key species in each cell with the known temperature, pressure, and species concentration exported by CFD code. The simulation results are further post-processed to numerically investigate the combustion process and the formation mechanism of CO, and NO2 in a dual fuel engine. The mechanism for CH4 to survive the main combustion process and post-combustion oxidation process is numerically examined.
The research on NO2 formation identified NO+HO2→NO 2+OH as the key reaction dominating the increased formation of NO 2 in dual fuel engines. The HO2 necessary for the formation of NO2 emitted by the engine is produced through the post-oxidation of CH4 that survived the main combustion process. The CO emitted from the NG-diesel dual fuel engine is formed through the oxidation of CH 4 during the late combustion process and post-combustion CH4 oxidation. The CH4 that survived the main combustion and post-combustion oxidation process is mainly distributed in region far from the spray plume of the pilot fuel and its combustion products.
This research also examined approaches capable of significantly reducing the emissions of CH4 from a dual fuel engine. The preliminary results concluded that CH4 emissions can be significantly reduced through optimizing injection timing, and the application of two-pulse fuel injection strategy. Adjusting injector fuel spray angle can also significantly reduce CH4 emissions which should be considered in developing dedicated dual fuel engine.
Adams, Mitchell Robert. "Dual-Axis Acousto-Optic/Electro-Optic Deflectors in Lithium Niobate for Full-Parallax Holographic Video Displays." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9159.
Повний текст джерелаMahmoody, Sam. "Micromechancal modeling of dual-phase steel using a rate-dependent crystal plasticity model." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99778.
Повний текст джерелаDougherty, Timothy. "An investigation of the dual mechanism model of past tense formation : does the model apply to non-native speakers?" Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32906.
Повний текст джерелаThe participants in this study were students in a Montreal area CEGEP. The instrument used to gather data was the Prasada and Pinker pseudo-verb list, with modifications suggested by Lee (1994) to create a revised list. Participants were asked to create past tense forms of pseudo verbs. In addition to this task, four participants were asked to do a simultaneous verbal think aloud, orally explaining their responses to the stimulus presented in the study.
The results of the studies indicate that English second language learners used both a rule based mechanism and an associative mechanism in the formation of both regular and irregular English verbs. This result provides support for the claims of the Connectionist model of past tense formation of English verbs, but also supports some of the claims of the Dual Mechanism Model. There are possible implications for the teaching and learning of English as a Second Language (ESL). This study also raises further research questions involving rule vs. associative learning in the teaching and learning of language. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
El, Akkraoui Amal. "The primal and dual forms of variational data assimilation in the presence of model error." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92317.
Повний текст джерелаMilana, Guteša. "Modelovanje procesa u gasnim turbinama za potrebe primene gasa iz gasifikacije biomase." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2017. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=104879&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Повний текст джерелаThis paper presents mathematical model for simulation of energytransformation process in gas turbine facility with combustion of mediumand low calorific gases. The basis of the mathematical model is theMüller’s method. Analysis of co-firing the corn cob gas and natural gas fordifferent gas turbine facility configurations is presented. The basic Joulecycle with blade cooling was analyzed.
Murphy, Victoria A. "Inflectional morphology and second language learning systems : an investigation of the dual-mechanism model and L2 morphology." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36782.
Повний текст джерелаLirio, Pamela. "Beyond the expatriate model: an exploration of global work and reconciliation of work and family demands among global generation X managers in dual-career families." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96786.
Повний текст джерелаDans cette thèse, j'étudie comment des gestionnaires américains et canadiens de la génération des 30 à 45 ans, la génération X, gèrent les exigences d'une carrière mondiale conjointement aux exigences familiales. Lors d'entrevues avec 25 gestionnaires mondiaux de la génération X et de familles à double-carrière (ci-après, « Global Gen Xers »), j'examine la portée et la nature du travail ainsi que l'importance du voyage et de la technologie dans la poursuite des formes alternatives d'une carrière mondiale. J'examine les effets d'entreprendre une carrière mondiale sur le rythme de la famille et sur la signification, pour chacun, de l'équilibre travail-vie.Trois configurations de travail mondial (formées des combinaisons du voyage et de la technologie) émergent des données basées sur l'analyse du degré de « Travel Salience » et du « Global Scope » de l'emploi de chaque Global Gen Xer. Il apparait que le pouvoir discrétionnaire des Global Gen Xers quant à la prise des décisions relatives aux voyages étant donnés leurs besoins personnels et familiaux sont essentiels pour maintenir une carrière mondiale. De plus, je mets en évidence certaines stratégies et tactiques employées par les Global Gen Xers pour gérer la frontière entre le travail et la famille tant à l'étranger qu'à domicile. Finalement, j'expose les conceptualisations de « l'équilibre travail-vie » pour ces Global Gen Xers et j'analyse par conséquent leur évaluation personnelle de l'équilibre travail-vie par rapport à leurs 1) « Global Work Configurations », 2) « Travel Discretion » et 3) « Boundary Management Strategies ». Cette étude souligne les aspects internationaux de la conciliation travail-famille, un contexte dans lequel sont cruciales la navigation entre des périodes de « présence » physique ou virtuel ainsi qu'une « disponibilité » 24-7. Toutes deux doivent être soutenues par une flexibilité organisationnelle et l'implantation de certaines technologies d'information et communications essentielles. Les résultats suggèrent que des formes alternatives d'une carrière mondiale peuvent, sous certaines conditions, satisfaire les besoins de l'organisation mondiale et les désirs de l'individu pour une vie équilibrée. Ces résultats contribuent donc à la littérature portant sur les carrières mondiales, l'équilibre travail-famille, et la diversité générationnelle.
Huttenhower, Hillary Anne. "Development of new chemistry for a dual use hydrazine thruster, switchable room temperature ionic liquids, a study of silane grafting to polyethylene and its model compounds, synthesis of the novel hydrazine replacement fuel molecules 1,1-dimethyl-2-[2-azidoethyl]hydrazine and 1,1-dimethyl-2-[2-azidoethyl]hydrazone." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41055.
Повний текст джерелаFagundez, Jean Lucca Souza. "Avaliação energética do uso de álcoois combustíveis em motores de combustão interna." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10624.
Повний текст джерелаO presente trabalho investiga o uso de um modelo computacional de duas zonas para simular o funcionamento de um motor de combustão interna com ignição por centelha abastecido com álcoois combustíveis e gasolina. Para o ajuste do modelo fez-se uso de técnica de estimação de parâmetros e determinação da correlação de transferência de calor capaz de melhor se ajustar aos combustíveis e ao motor testados. Os combustíveis utilizados foram: etanol hidratado, etanol super-hidratado (de 10% a 40% de água, em volume), n-butanol, misturas de n-butanol e etanol e gasolina e etanol. Além dos testes experimentais com motor, testes de bancada com uma coluna de destilação recheada em regime descontínuo foram realizados a fim de determinar a eficiência energética do processo de produção e queima de etanol hidratado e super-hidratado. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o modelo de duas zonas é capaz de prever de maneira satisfatória o comportamento de todos os combustíveis testados, com determinação precisa de parâmetros de desempenho do motor. Em termos de eficiência energética, o etanol super-hidratado tem vantagem em relação ao etanol hidratado combustível, em especial quando com 30% de água em volume, onde a eficiência energética é máxima, considerados os processos de destilação e queima no motor. O n-butanol combustível usado mostrou-se capaz de substituir eficientemente tanto o etanol hidratado como a gasolina brasileira, levando o motor a ter boa performance nas condições operacionais testadas e aparecendo, dessa forma, como interessante alternativa de combustível renovável a ser inserida na matriz energética brasileira.
De, Robbio Roberta. "CFD study of diesel engine operating in dual fuel mode." Tesi di dottorato, 2020. http://www.fedoa.unina.it/13170/1/PhD_Tesi_Roberta_DeRobbio.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаVERMA, GAURAV. "UTILIZATION OF BIOGAS WITH DIFFERENT PILOT FUELS IN DUAL FUEL MODE IN DIESSEL ENGINE." Thesis, 2022. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19346.
Повний текст джерелаShrivastava, Vinay. "Design and development of downdraft gasifier for operating CI engine on dual fuel mode." Thesis, 2012. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/3980/1/Design_and_development_of_downdraft_gasifier_for_operating_CI_engine_on_dual_fuel_mode.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаNayak, Rakesh Rajan. "Experimental Study of Biogas Production & its Utilization in CI Engine in Dual Fuel Mode." Thesis, 2018. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/9944/1/2018_MT_216ME3388__RRNayak__Experimental.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSwar, Avinash. "Experimental Study of a Diesel Engine Using Pretreated Biogas on Dual Fuel Mode at Different Injection Timings." Thesis, 2018. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/9941/1/2018_MT_216ME3392__ASwar__Experimental.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBarik, Debabrata. "Experimental studies on Biogas Production and Its Utilization in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine Run on Dual Fuel Mode." Thesis, 2016. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/8205/1/511ME120_(Debabrata_Barik).pdf.
Повний текст джерелаLin, Zong-Sheng, and 林宗陞. "Channel Partition with Repacking for GSM Using Half / Full Rates and Dual mode Mobile Stations." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43364734023929048351.
Повний текст джерела國立嘉義大學
資訊工程研究所
91
We propose Channel Partition with Repacking Scheme (CPR) for the users with full-rate calls, half-rate calls, and dual-mode mobile stations in GSM system. The scheme partitions the time slots of GSM radio frame into two parts, one is full-slot partition that provides full-time slots for the full-rate calls, another is half-slot partition that provides half-time slots for the half-rate calls. If the time slots of the full-slot partition are not available, the system allocates the full-time slots of the half-slot partition to the full-rate calls request. If the time slots of the half-slot partition are not available, the system allocates the half-time slots of the full-slot partition to the half-rate calls request. Furthermore, consider the requests of the dual-mode mobile stations, we propose CPR with Least Repacking scheme, CPR with Maximum QoS scheme, CPR with QoS Partition scheme to improve the system performance. We evaluate the system performance by computer simulations. In the simulation, we show that our schemes can improve the usage of the time slots, and reduce the probabilities of new call blocking and handoff call failure.
Vaughn, James Roy. "A fundamental approximation in MATLAB of the efficiency of an automotive differential in transmitting rotational kinetic energy." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-4980.
Повний текст джерелаtext