Дисертації з теми "Dosimetry applications"
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Jardine, Paul. "Applications of gel based chemistry dosimetry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1994. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37183/1/37183_Jardine_1994.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Yang. "Digital film dosimetry in radiotherapy and the development of analytical applications software." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060223.150107/index.html.
Повний текст джерелаFarajollahi, Ali Reza. "An investigation into the applications of polymer gel dosimetry in radiotherapy." Thesis, Online version, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.284699.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Bo. "An inductive superconducting transition-edge nano-detector for nano-dosimetry applications." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848851/.
Повний текст джерелаAbbasinejad, Enger Shirin. "Dosimetry Studies of Different Radiotherapy Applications using Monte Carlo Radiation Transport Calculations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9277.
Повний текст джерелаDeveloping radiation delivery systems for optimisation of absorbed dose to the target without normal tissue toxicity requires advanced calculations for transport of radiation. In this thesis absorbed dose and fluence in different radiotherapy applications were calculated by using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations.
In paper I-III external neutron activation of gadolinium (Gd) for intravascular brachytherapy (GdNCB) and tumour therapy (GdNCT) was investigated. MC codes MCNP and GEANT4 were compared. MCNP was chosen for neutron capture reaction calculations. Gd neutron capture reaction includes both very short range (Auger electrons) and long range (IC electrons and gamma) products. In GdNCB the high-energetic gamma gives an almost flat absorbed dose delivery pattern, up to 4 mm around the stent. Dose distribution at the edges and inside the stent may prevent stent edge and in-stent restenosis. For GdNCT the absorbed dose from prompt gamma will dominate over the dose from IC and Auger electrons in an in vivo situation. The absorbed dose from IC electrons will enhance the total absorbed dose in the tumours and contribute to the cell killing.
In paper IV a model for calculation of inter-cluster cross-fire radiation dose from β-emitting radionuclides in a breast cancer model was developed. GEANT4 was used for obtaining absorbed dose. The dose internally in cells binding the isotope (self-dose) increased with decreasing β-energy except for the radionuclides with substantial amounts of conversion electrons and Auger electrons. An effective therapy approach may be a combination of radionuclides where the high self-dose from nuclides with low β-energy should be combined with the inter-cell cluster cross-fire dose from high energy β-particles.
In paper V MC simulations using correlated sampling together with importance sampling were used to calculate spectra perturbations in detector volumes caused by the detector silicon chip and its encapsulation. Penelope and EGSnrc were used and yielded similar results. The low energy part of the electron spectrum increased but to a less extent if the silicon detector was encapsulated in low z-materials.
Chen, Yongye. "Study of luminescence signals from quartz and their applications in geothermometry." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b40203955.
Повний текст джерелаNasreddine, Abbas. "Alanine/EPR dosimetry for low to medium energy X-ray radiation processing control." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAE025.
Повний текст джерелаNowadays, low to medium energy X-ray irradiators are starting to replace irradiators using radioactivesources, mainly in the fields of blood irradiations, Sterile Insect Technique and food irradiations. A dosimeter is placed on the irradiated product to ensure that the desired dose is well delivered. One of the dosimetry systems that is used in radiation processing is the alanine/EPR dosimetry system. Alanine is considered as water equivalent, from a dosimetric point of view for photon energies that are higher than 200 keV. However, it loses its water equivalency for lower photon energies.This thesis presents the use of alanine for the control and validation of irradiation processes performed with low to medium energy X-rays, as well as different methods developed to determine corrective factors to be applied to the response of this dosimeter. These methods are based on experimental measurements, Monte Carlo simulations and analytical calculations
Zvereva, Alexandra [Verfasser], and Katia [Akademischer Betreuer] Parodi. "Advanced modeling for personalized dosimetry in nuclear medicine applications / Alexandra Zvereva ; Betreuer: Katia Parodi." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1170061192/34.
Повний текст джерелаMcCowan, Peter Michael. "in vivo patient dose verification of volumetric modulated arc therapy including stereotactic body radiation treatment applications using portal dose images." Medical Physics, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/31120.
Повний текст джерелаMay 2016
Chen, Yongye, and 陳永曄. "Study of luminescence signals from quartz and their applications in geothermometry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40203955.
Повний текст джерелаZlateva, Yana. "Investigation of Cherenkov emission with applications in dosimetry, image guidance and intensity modulation in radiation therapy." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121558.
Повний текст джерелаLes objectifs de cette étude sont de valider la potentielle application de l'émission Cherenkov (EC) pour la dosimétrie en radiothérapie, pour l'imagerie en temps réel et pour la modulation des faisceaux par l'analyse de sa corrélation avec la dose de rayonnement et par un décalage spectral vers la fenêtre infrarouge proche (FIP) des tissus biologiques afin de maximiser sa détection. Ce travail apporte une contribution originale aux travaux antérieurs en corrélant efficacement, d'une part, la dose de rayonnement et l'EC en 2 dimensions à l'aide d'une fibre optique et d'un spectromètre à réseau, et ce, sans l'aide d'un facteur de conversion variant spatialement et généré par ordinateur ou d'un colorant fluorescent, et d'autre part, en effectuant avec succès le déplacement de l'EC à la FIP dans un fantôme simulant les tissus biologiques grâce à l'utilisation de points quantiques (PQs).La dose de rayonnement a été corrélée avec l'EC à la fois par simulation informatique et par mesures expérimentales. Un simulateur Monte Carlo (MC) de l'EC a été conçu en utilisant la plateforme de simulation Geant4. Les fantômes utilisés dans les expériences consistaient d'un réservoir d'eau et d'un fantôme simulant les tissus biologiques composés d'eau, d'Intralipid® et de sang de boeuf. Le système de détection optique est composé d'un câble de fibre optique multi-mode à saut d'indice, placé hors du faisceau d'électron et relié à un spectromètre à réseau de diffraction à canal unique comprenant un dispositif à couplage de charge éclairé par l'avant ou l'arrière. Des points quantiques CdSe/ZnS, émettant à (650 ± 10) nm, ont été utilisés afin de réaliser un décalage de l'EC vers la FIP.Une analyse préliminaire a indiqué une forte corrélation entre la dose de rayonnement et de l'EC avec un coefficient de corrélation de Pearson supérieur à 0.99. La corrélation de la dose en fonction de l'EC a été étudiée via des scans de la chambre d'ionisation dans le fantôme d'eau le long de l'axe central du faisceau ainsi que par des scans de fibre optique avec la pointe de la fibre positionnée sur le bord du champ du faisceau. Après normalisation, le point effectif de mesure du système optique des faisceaux d'électrons cliniques de 18, 12 et 6 MeV, s'est révélé être situé à des profondeurs respectives de 1.7 cm, 0.8 cm et 0.1 cm, et ce, en aval de l'axe de la fibre, avec un coefficient de corrélation Pearson pour toutes les données de plus de 0.99. La fenêtre d'EC d'un faisceau d'électrons de 18 MeV a été décalée avec succès vers 650 nm dans le réservoir d'eau, confirmant sa capacité à stimuler la photoluminescence de CdSe/ZnS, et dans le fantôme simulant les tissus biologiques. La diminution de la taille des champs ainsi que l'augmentation de la profondeur des PQs ont eu pour effet de diminuer le signal, quoiqu'un décalage du signal était encore apparent à 1 cm de profondeur. L'analyse statistique des données nous a confirmé que le bruit n'a pas d'impact significatif sur le signal, mais que le rayonnement peut avoir un impact sur les composantes électroniques du spectromètre.Les résultats de ce travail confirment le potentiel d'application de l'EC pour la dosimétrie en radiothérapie, pour l'imagerie en temps réel et pour la modulation d'intensité des faisceaux en fonction des informations relatives au microenvironnement des tumeurs, comme l'oxygénation. En effet, l'EC est intrinsèque au faisceau d'électrons, est non-ionisante et peut être détectée en dehors du faisceau. De plus, les PQs utilisés dans nos expériences sont photostables et peuvent être modifiés afin d'intégrer des molécules pouvant nous informer sur la microbiologie des tumeurs. Il est prévu que la technique proposée sera applicable à la cartographie de dose en 3D au moyen de la tomographie optique diffuse, à l'imagerie par EC en temps réel et la localisation spatiale durant la radiothérapie, ainsi qu'à la modulation du faisceau en fonction du microenvironnement de la tumeur.
Jhala, Ekta. "Investigation of Dosimetric Characteristics and Exploration of Potential Applications of Amorphous Silicon Detector." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics and Astronomy, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1350.
Повний текст джерелаManninen, A. L. (Anna-Leena). "Clinical applications of radiophotoluminescence (RPL) dosimetry in evaluation of patient radiation exposure in radiology:determination of absorbed and effective dose." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2014. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526206240.
Повний текст джерелаTiivistelmä Tietokonetomografiakuvauksissa ja toimenpideradiologisissa tutkimuksissa potilaan säteilyaltistus on suhteellisesti korkeampi verrattuna muihin radiologisiin kuvausmenetelmiin. Kuvauslaitteiden erilaiset kuvausgeometriat ja annosyksiköt hankaloittavat potilaan säteilyaltistuksen vertailua eri tutkimusmenetelmien välillä. Kudokseen absorboituneen annoksen (D) avulla arvioidaan ionisoivan säteilyn suoraa haittavaikutusta kudokselle, kun taas efektiivisen annoksen (E) määrittämisellä arvioidaan säteilyn satunnaista haittaa. D ja E voidaan mitata annosmittarilla käyttäen potilasvastinetta. In vivo mittauksella saadaan annostietoa tutkimuksen aikana suoraan potilaasta. Radiofotoluminesenssiannosmittarin (RPLD) soveltuvuus radiologisiin annosmittauksiin varmistettiin tutkimalla mittarin eri fysikaalisia ominaisuuksia. RPLD:a käytettiin intravaginaalisen annoksen mittauksessa seitsemällä raskaana olevalla naisella. Potilaille tehtiin massiivisen verenvuodon ehkäisemiseksi kohdun valtimosuonten katetrointi läpivalaisuohjattuna ennen kohtuvaltimoiden tukkimishoitoa (UAE). Mittaustulokset antavat tietoa kudokseen absorboituneesta annoksesta lähellä syntymätöntä lasta. Tietokonetomografia-angiografia (TTA) ja digitaalinen subtraktioangiografia (DSA) tutkimusten annosmittaukset tehtiin potilasvastineessa käyttäen RPLD:a. Elinannoksista laskettiin efektiivinen annos aivovaltimoiden ja aivokaulavaltimoiden angiografiatutkimuksille. RPL -annosmittausmenetelmän havaittiin olevan lineaarinen ja annoksen häviäminen mittarista on vähäistä. Matalan annoksen mittausraja oli 20 µGy 12.2% toistettavuudella. RPLD on riippumaton säteilyenergiasta radiologiassa käytettävällä energia-alueella. Seitsemän potilaan keskimääräinen absorboitunut annos oli 11.2 mGy (vaihteluväli 2.2–28.7 mGy) emättimen pohjukasta mitattuna. Annostaso osoittaa, että katetrointitoimenpide on matala-annostutkimus, kun toimenpide tehdään läpivalaisuohjauksessa, eikä angiografisia kuvia käytetä. Aivovaltimoiden TTA:n efektiivinen annos oli viidesosa DSA menetelmän annoksesta. Aivokaulavaltimoiden TTA:n efektiivinen annos oli arviolta 35% korkeampi kuin DSA menetelmän annos. Konversiokertoimet DAP ja DLP yksiköistä efektiivisen annoksen laskemiseksi määritettiin tutkimuksessa käytetyille kuvausohjelmille. RPL -menetelmä osoitti riittävää luotettavuutta radiologisten säteilyannosten mittauksessa
Lemaréchal, Yannick. "Dosimétrie pour des applications de radiothérapie en utilisant les processeurs graphiques." Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0035.
Повний текст джерелаProstate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in France each year. It is responsible for about 10% of deaths related to cancer. The main treatments are surgery and radiation therapy. The latter concerns about 60 % to 70 % of patients treated in oncology. The aim of radiation therapy is to deliver the highest possible dose to the tumor target, via ionizing radiation, while minimizing the dose delivered to surrounding healthy tissues and organs at risk (OAR). This practice requires a flawless dose control for patient safety as far as a deviation from the medical prescription could reduce treatment efficiency This could also lead to an excessive irradiation of healthy tissues and cause serious damage to the patient. A way to evaluate the dose delivered to the patient is to track particles in the matter using Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). This requires a large computation time specially to simulate billion of particles and to evaluate the associated dosimetry. The time required to obtain a satisfactory result may vary from hours to days. In this context, the Monte Carlo simulation engine GGEMS (GPU Geant4-based Monte Carlo Simulation), based on the use of graphics cards (GPUs), has been developed. Physics effects are based on the generic and validated Monte Carlo code Geant4. This software is able to handle various types of simulations such as external beam radiation therapy and low dose rate or high dose rate brachytherapy. These examples need an accurate modelling and the use of several types of geometries such as for voxelised, analytical or meshed volumes. We analytically modeled jaw geometries. The multi-leaf collimator was formed by a set of triangles (mesh). Electron navigation in a voxelised volume was also developed. We used the example of the Novalis TrueBeam® Stx accelerator. We can then perform Monte Carlo simulations reproducing the linear accelerator. The entire device was validated using comparisons with experimental measurements or with Monte Carlo simulations from Geant4 Finally, we have developed a Monte Carlo simulation platform using GPU architectures for applications of brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy. This platform includes photons and electrons navigation. It also manages voxelised, analytical (cylinder, cube) and mesh volumes. The particle emission sources are modelled to accurately reproduce their reference model. The acceleration factors from Geant4 are between 40 and 568 depending on the application. GGEMS Applications under clinical conditions, including brachytherapy, are the next development step
Fung, Karl Ka Lok. "Investigation of dosimetric characteristics of the high sensitivity LiF : Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescent dosemeter and its applications in diagnostic radiology." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/752/.
Повний текст джерелаFASASI, MUSIBAU. "Modelisations des reponses du silicium et du tellure de cadmium aux rayonnements gamma et neutron : applications a la dosimetrie." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13128.
Повний текст джерелаHowland, Matthew. "Transcriptomic and Secretomic Profiling of Isolated Leukocytes Exposed to Alpha-Particle and Photon Radiation - Applications in Biodosimetry." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26081.
Повний текст джерелаTreccani, Matteo. "Qualification of an X-ray unit for dosimetrical application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669449.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD project is focused on the qualification of an X-ray unit for dosimetrical applications. This thesis describes all the project in three different sections. The first part can be considered an introduction for depicting concepts and instruments used for this work. The theorical basis of the working principle of an X-ray tube is explained in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 shows the quantities and units system on Radiation Protection. These first two chapters represent the theoretical background of my thesis. Chapter 3 depicts the laboratory assembled during the first part of my PhD work. The irradiation unit and the related laboratory were set up in the framework of a collaboration between INFN - Frascati National Laboratories (INFN - LNF), the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Consorzio di ricerca Hypatia. The X-ray apparatus operates from 40 to 120 kV with currents up to 5 mA. Different filtrations can be implemented according to the desired beam quality. A mechanical bench allows positioning devices and samples at different distances from the anode of the X-ray tube. The second part shows the main results obtained with different experiments and tests to qualify the radiation output of the X-ray tube: • design and development of a monitor ion-chamber to measure the time-dependant output of the X-ray unit (Chapter 4); • determination the X-ray tube focus position, which is an important reference point of the irradiation line (Chapter 5); • experimental verification of the beam quality through HVL (Half Value Layer) measurements with ion-chamber for the best choice of adequate kilovolt-filtration combinations in order to achieve well-identified radiation qualities, as specified by relevant International Standards (ISO 4037). The beams from the narrow spectrum series (ISO 4037 N-series) were selected because their roughly mono-energetic energy distribution is well suited to study the response of devices as a function of the photon energy. The accordance between ISO values and experimental ones is excellent: the discrepancy is less than about 5% (Table 6-3, Chapter 6) . • study on the X-ray field uniformity (Chapter 7), which is an important task that the X-ray beam must comply with, because it is important that all the field areas are equivalent and wherever the device under test is placed, it is exposed to the same dose. Two different measurements techniques were involved to verify the uniformity. The first is based on a passive detector, Gafchromic film, and the second employs a silicon detector operating in current mode. The total field variability is about 11% within a central region of 8 cm radius (paragraph 7.4, Chapter 7). • spectral measurement of the X-ray beams using semiconductor-based photon spectrometers (Silicon and Cadmium-Telluride detector). These measurements lead a role for checking the continuum shape of bremsstrahlung spectrum and the endpoint energies of the spectral components in addition to the quality measurements of HVLs (Chapter 8). The spectra confirm what expected from HVL measurements: using the proper kilovolt-filtration combinations (written in the Table 6-3) is possible to achieve the well-identified radiation qualities of the N-series, the narrow series of ISO 4037, useful as calibrating reference. The activity for the last part of my PhD thesis was focused on an innovative active detector for eye-lens dosimetry (Chapter 9). During the last years the need of a detailed re-evaluation of the eye lens radio-sensitivity was put in evidence. Various epidemiological studies highlighted a higher incidence of cataracts than previously foreseen. For these reasons the ICRP reduced the exposure limit for workers from 150 mSv per year to 20 mSv in a year averaged over defined periods of five consecutive years, with no single year exceeding 50 mSv (ICRP 2011). Therefore, the keen interest on this topic is for the essential evaluation of the occupational eye dose and eye protection. Thanks to the physical qualification of the X-ray tube under a metrological point of view, it was possible to use this irradiation facility as test bench for the development and type testing (study on energy and angular response) of a semiconductor-based prototype of an eye-lens dosimeter developed within the work team. This innovative part of my PhD work represents a R&D study on a need for operational dosimetry.
Vismara, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves [UNESP]. "Estudo das propriedades dosimétricas de polímeros conjugados." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99657.
Повний текст джерелаConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo a investigação da interação de radiação gama com três polímeros: o polímero Poli(2-metóxi, 5-(2'-etil-hexilóx)-1,4- fenileno vinileno) (MEH-PPV)n e os polímeros solúveis em água Poly {[2,5-bis(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethoxy) -1,4 -phenylene]-alt-1,4-phenylene} e o Poly [(2,5-bis (2 - (N,N - diethylammonium bromide) ethoxy) - 1,4 -phenylene) - alt - 1,4-phenylene]. O polímero MEH-PPV foi dissolvido nos solventes orgânicos clorofórmio e bromofórmio, já os outros dois polímeros, em água destilada e solução de HCI 1M. As amostras foram preparadas em várias concentrações e irradiadas com doses que variaram desde 0,01 Gy, sendo que cada amostra foi irradiada com apenas uma dose. Os resultados foram avaliados com técnicas espectroscópicas, sendo elas, espectroscopia de absorção óptica UV-visível e espectroscopia de fluorescência. Foi avaliada a alteração na posição do pico principal de absorção óptica com a dose absorvida pelas amostras. Como resultado principal, observou-se que os polímeros solúveis em água não apresentam alteração espectral após serem irradiados. Não sendo interessante para aplicação dosimétrica. Já para as amostras do polímero MEH-PPV diluídas em bromofórmio apresentaram alta sensibilidade para doses inferiores a 1 Gy, e apresentaram certa linearidade com a dose recebida (fator importante para aplicação dosimétrica). Para as amostras em clorofórmio, não foi observado deslocamento significativo do escpectro de absorção para doses inferiores a 1 Gy. No entanto para doses de 1 Gy à 90 Gy, o comportamento observado pode ser descrito por duas regiões lineares: uma com maior inclinação da reta para doses até cerca 30 Gy, e outro com inclinação da reta menor para doses entre 30 Gy e 90 Gy. O comportamento linear, assim como a inclinação da reta, do deslocamento da posição...
The subject of this work is the investigation of gamma radition interaction with tree polymers: the polymer Poli(2-metóxi, 5-(2'-etil-hexilóx)-1,4- fenileno vinileno) (MEH-PPV)n e os polímeros solúveis em água Poly {[2,5-bis(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethoxy) -1,4 -phenylene]-alt-1,4-phenylene} e o Poly [(2,5-bis (2 - (N,N - diethylammonium bromide) ethoxy) - 1,4 -phenylene) - alt - 1,4-phenylene]. The MEH-PPV polymer was dissolved in organic solvents, choloroform and bromoform, the other two polymers in distilled water and 1 M aqueous HCI solution. The samples were prepared at various concentrations and irradiated with doses ranging from 0.01 Gy to 90 Gy. The results were evaluated by spectroscopic techniques, which were, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. They were evaluated the changes in the position of main optical absorption peak with the dose absorbed by the samples. As main result, it was observed that water-soluble polymers did not show spectral change after being irradiated. For dosimetric application this results are not interesting. For the MEH-PPV polymer samples diluted in bromoform presented highly sensitive to doses below 1 Gy, and showed some linearity with the dose received. For samples in chloroform, doses below 1 Gy did not showed significant shift in the absorption spectra. However, the samples irradiated with doses from 1 Gy to 90 Gy, the behavior can be described by two linear regions: one with a higher slope for doses up to about 30 Gy, and another with a lower slope for doses between 30 Gy and 90 Gy. A greater slope to doses up to about 30 Gy, and another with lower slope to doses between 30 and 90 Gy. The linear behavior and the slope of the main peak position is a important factor for dosimetric application. At the same time, a study of stability of the samples was performed. It was observed that the MEH-PPV samples in bromoform... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Petitfils, Aurélie. "Propriétés thermoluminescentes du diamant CVD : applications à la dosimétrie des rayonnements ionisants." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/44/.
Повний текст джерелаRemarkable properties of synthetic diamond (human soft tissue equivalence, chemical stability, non-toxicity) make this material suitable for medical application as thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD). This work highlights the interest of this material as radiotherapy TLD. In the first stage of this work, we looked after thermoluminescent (TL) and dosimetric properties of polycristalline diamond made by Chemically Vapor Deposited (CVD) synthesis. Dosimetric characteristics are satisfactory as TLD for medical application. Luminescence thermal quenching on diamond has been investigated. This phenomenon leads to a decrease of dosimetric TL peak sensitivity when the heating rate increases. The second part of this work analyses the use of synthetic diamond as TLD in radiotherapy. Dose profiles, depth dose distributions and the cartography of an electron beam obtained with our samples are in very good agreement with results from an ionisation chamber. It is clearly shown that CVD) diamond is of interest to check beams of treatment accelerators. The use of these samples in a control of treatment with Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy underlines good response of synthetic diamond in high dose gradient areas. These results indicate that CVD diamond is a promising material for radiotherapy dosimetry
Traore, Issiaka. "Etude et caractérisation des fonctions de réponse des détecteurs solides de traces nucléaires : applications à la dosimétrie radon et neutron." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01067060.
Повний текст джерелаVismara, Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves. "Estudo das propriedades dosimétricas de polímeros conjugados /." Bauru : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99657.
Повний текст джерелаAbstract: The subject of this work is the investigation of gamma radition interaction with tree polymers: the polymer Poli(2-metóxi, 5-(2'-etil-hexilóx)-1,4- fenileno vinileno) (MEH-PPV)n e os polímeros solúveis em água Poly {[2,5-bis(2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethoxy) -1,4 -phenylene]-alt-1,4-phenylene} e o Poly [(2,5-bis (2 - (N,N - diethylammonium bromide) ethoxy) - 1,4 -phenylene) - alt - 1,4-phenylene]. The MEH-PPV polymer was dissolved in organic solvents, choloroform and bromoform, the other two polymers in distilled water and 1 M aqueous HCI solution. The samples were prepared at various concentrations and irradiated with doses ranging from 0.01 Gy to 90 Gy. The results were evaluated by spectroscopic techniques, which were, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. They were evaluated the changes in the position of main optical absorption peak with the dose absorbed by the samples. As main result, it was observed that water-soluble polymers did not show spectral change after being irradiated. For dosimetric application this results are not interesting. For the MEH-PPV polymer samples diluted in bromoform presented highly sensitive to doses below 1 Gy, and showed some linearity with the dose received. For samples in chloroform, doses below 1 Gy did not showed significant shift in the absorption spectra. However, the samples irradiated with doses from 1 Gy to 90 Gy, the behavior can be described by two linear regions: one with a higher slope for doses up to about 30 Gy, and another with a lower slope for doses between 30 Gy and 90 Gy. A greater slope to doses up to about 30 Gy, and another with lower slope to doses between 30 and 90 Gy. The linear behavior and the slope of the main peak position is a important factor for dosimetric application. At the same time, a study of stability of the samples was performed. It was observed that the MEH-PPV samples in bromoform... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Carlos Frederico de Oliveira Graeff
Coorientador: Marco Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes
Banca: Armando Beltran Flors
Banca: Antonio Ricardo Zanatta
O programa de Pós graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais, PosMat, tem carater institucional e integra as atividades de pesquisa em materiais de diversos campi da Unesp
Mestre
Goulet, Mathieu. "Application of tomography techniques to plastic scintillation dosimetry." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30599/30599.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis deals with the development of tools for the quality assurance of external beam radiotherapy. The main goal is to incorporate tomography processes to plastic scintillator dosimetry in order to conceive high resolution, precise, accurate and easy-to-use quality assurance devices. First, a long scintillating fiber response to an incoming radiation field is studied, and a fluence monitoring device is developed for the real-time validation of radiotherapy treatments. Using the light signal emitted from both sides of each fiber, both the interaction position of the incoming field and the fluence integral across the fiber can be measured, allowing for the detection of leaf errors of at least 2 mm at isocentre. The theoretical response model previously developed is then applied to the tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions measured using a rotating matrix of long scintillating fibers. The dose reconstructed using this 2D dosimeter is in agreement with the calculations from the treatment planning software up to a maximum difference of 2% in the low dose gradient regions. The concept of tomographic dosimetry, or tomodosimetry, is then applied to 3D dose measurements using concentric, cylindrical planes of fibers. By simulating the rotation of these planes around the dosimeter central axis and by interpolating in three dimensions the obtained 2D doses, the 3D dosimeter is able to reconstruct the initial input dose with a deviation of maximum 1% outside of high dose gradient regions. Finally, the iterative reconstruction principles demonstrated for long scintillating fibers are applied to a scintillator volume imaged using a plenoptic camera. By re-projecting the projections acquired by the camera sensor pixels inside the scintillator volume, the 3D dosimeter is able to reconstruct the dose in real time with a maximal deviation of 3% in the low dose gradient regions. This study concludes that the union of tomography and dosimetry enables the development of a new generation of quality assurance devices, combining both spatial resolution and user-friendliness.
Tableau d'honneur de la FÉSP
Ritter, Birgit [Verfasser]. "The mobile dosimetric telescope : a small active dosimeter for the application in space ; development, calibration and measurements / Birgit Ritter." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104218562X/34.
Повний текст джерелаWai, Philip. "The application of 3-d dosimetry in brachytherapy treatment." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504948.
Повний текст джерелаHedtjärn, Håkan. "Dosimetry in brachytherapy : application of the Monte Carlo method to single source dosimetry and use of correlated sampling for accelerated dose calculations /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2003/med790s.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаDonovan, Ellen Mary. "Application of radiation physics to improve dosimetry in early breast cancer radiotherapy." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417317.
Повний текст джерелаDardaillon, Rémi. "Fibres optiques passives et actives sous irradiation : application à l'amplification et à la dosimétrie en environnement spatial." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS052/document.
Повний текст джерелаErbium-doped optical fibers open up many applications, especially in the field of terrestrial and underwater telecommunications, with optical amplifiers. Nowadays, there is a real interest for the space industry to use these fibers in satellites. However, in order to use their full potential, qualification in radiative environments is to be carried out, this is the main focus of this PhD work. Thanks to the partnership with Draka-Prysmian group, we have a full access to a large diversity of specialty fibers, in terms of chemical compositions : this allows us to study their sensitivity to radiations, and to determine the important role of dopants and co-dopants in this sensitivity. A real-time study of it, associated with a qualification of pristine and irradiated optical samples, enables the detection of radiation-induced defects, and the understanding of their creation process, as a function of the fiber structure. This study provides a physical model describing the degradation and the recovery of these fibers, enhanced with an amplifier modeling. It allows the prediction of the quantitative behavior of specialty fiber-based amplifiers, in terms of gain and bandwidth, versus the chemical composition of the fibers used, for a typical space mission dose ; thus this modeling meets the needs of the spatial market key actors. Furthermore, the benefit of this work opens up another avenues for some larger opportunities, in various radiative environments, such as the medical field or the areas of nuclear facilities
Flux, Glen David. "Multimodality image registration and its application to the dosimetry of intralesional radionuclide therapy." Thesis, Institute of Cancer Research (University Of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294908.
Повний текст джерелаKouroukla, Eftychia. "Luminescence dosimetry with ceramic materials for application to radiological emergencies and other incidents." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11362/.
Повний текст джерелаKwa, William. "Asymmetric collimation : dosimetric characteristics, treatment planning algorithm, and clinical applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/nq27182.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаAlaamer, Abdulaziz. "Quantification in single photon emission computed tomography and its application to targeted radiotherapy and dosimetry." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296162.
Повний текст джерелаJafari, Shakardokht. "Characterisation and novel applications of glass beads as dosimeters in radiotherapy." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/808112/.
Повний текст джерелаHochman, Mark Brett McEwen. "The application of artificial thermoluminescence to uranium exploration and uranium ore genesis studies." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh6825.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаBose, Rajiv. "The development of an in-vivo dosimeter for the application in radiotherapy." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7173.
Повний текст джерелаManescu, Petru-Stefan. "Continuum description of deformable organs based on tetrahedral meshes : application to dosimetry and imaging for hadron therapy." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10188.
Повний текст джерелаRespiratory-induced organ motion is a technical challenge to nuclear imaging and to charged particle therapy dose calculations for lung cancer treatment in particular. Internal organ tissue displacements and deformations induced by breathing need to be taken into account when calculating Monte Carlo dose distributions as well as when performing tomographic reconstructions for PET imaging. Current techniques based on Deformable Image Registration (DIR) cannot fully take into account the density variations of the tissues nor the fact that respiratory motion is not reproducible. As part of the ENVISION (2010-2014) European project, in collaboration with the CAS-PHABIO team from IPNL (the Nuclear Physics Institute from Lyon), this PhD project presents a methodological contribution to physical dose calculations and PET-based treatment verification for hadron therapy in the case of moving tumours. Contrary to DIR-based methods where motion is described by relative voxel displacement, each organ is represented as a deformable grid of tetrahedra where internal motion is described by mesh vertex transformations calculated using continuum mechanics. First, this PhD project proposes a new method to calculate four dimensional dose distribution over tetrahedral meshes, which are deformed using biomechanical modeling based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The second part of the PhD is focused on motion compensation for PET image reconstruction using deformable tetrahedral meshes
Eivazi, Mohammad Taghi. "The application of experimental microdosimetric techniques to the dosimetry of X-rays in the diagnostic energy range." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238708.
Повний текст джерелаSchmitz, Tobias [Verfasser]. "ESR-dosimetry in thermal and epithermal neutron fields for application in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy / Tobias Schmitz." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112150870/34.
Повний текст джерелаCHAILLOU, STEPHANE. "Le sous maillage dans la fdtd application a la dosimetrie des radiotelephones." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066099.
Повний текст джерелаRahmanian, Shirin [Verfasser], and Oliver [Akademischer Betreuer] Jäkel. "Application of Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detectors for Cellular Dosimetry in Ion Beam Radiotherapy / Shirin Rahmanian ; Betreuer: Oliver Jäkel." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1210490064/34.
Повний текст джерелаBush, Daniel A. "Application of luminescence dating to the study of archaic age anthropogenic mounds from the Lower Mississippi River Valley /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6417.
Повний текст джерелаMandelli, Elena. "Ionizing radiation detectors and their innovative application in proton therapy." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21880/.
Повний текст джерелаZhou, Yang. "Development of a CMOS pixel sensor for embedded space dosimeter with low weight and minimal power dissipation." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAE021/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the development of a CMOS monolithic pixel sensor used for space ionizingparticles identification and counting in high flux. A new concept for single particle identification isproposed in this study, which is based on the analysis of particle triggered clusters. To validate thisnew concept, a full size sensor including the sensitive pixel matrix, an analogue signal processingchain, a 3-bit analogue to digital converter, and a digital processing stage was designed in a 0.35μm process. The sensor directly output particles flux information through 4 channels with a verylow data rate (80 bps) and minimal power dissipation (~ 100mW). Each channel representsparticles with different species and energies. The highest measurable flux density is up to 108particles/cm2/s (hits pile up < 5%). A reduced scale prototype was fabricated and tested with 3types of radiation illumination (X-ray, electrons and infrared laser). All the results obtained validatethe proposed new concept and a highly miniaturized space radiation monitor based on a singleCMOS pixel sensor could be foreseen. The monitor could provide measurements of comparable orbetter quality than existing instruments, but at around an order of magnitude lower powerconsumption, mass and volume and a lower unit cost. Moreover, due to its high level and low datarate outputs, no signal treatment power aside the sensor is required which makes it especiallyattractive for small satellite application
Allard, Thierry. "La kaolinite : un dosimetre des rayonnements naturels application au tracage de migrations anciennes de radioelements dans la geosphere." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077114.
Повний текст джерелаNefzi, Amani. "Analysis and dosimetry of the coupling of electromagnetic waves with biological tissues : application to applicator design for biomedical and study of health effects." Thesis, Limoges, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LIMO0011.
Повний текст джерелаThe evolution and increasing use of mobile communications systems was associated with laboratory investigations to study radiofrequency electromagnetic waves exposure safety. In this context, this thesis focuses on the characterization of exposure systems allowinglaboratory in vitro studies on cell models. A dual numerical and experimental approach is implemented to perform the devices dosimetry allowing to determine and control the exposure levels. One of the limitations associated with this dosimetry is due to the micrometric dimensions involved. Therefore, a microscopy technique based on a temperature-dependent fluorescent dye named Rhodamine B was set up and evaluated. This assessment recommends an optimal concentration of the dye at around 50 μM. After calibration, it is possible to estimate the specific absorption rate (SAR) from the temperature variation, even for low levels of SAR (< W / kg) with a spatial resolution of less than ten micrometers i.e. microdosimetry. The two main exposure systems studied, based on microelectrode arrays (MEA), allow the recording of neurons electrophysiological activity. Exposure to electromagnetic waves is achieved simultaneously by inserting these MEAs into TEM cells exposure systems. Dosimetry carried out at 1.8 GHz shows a higher sensitivity of one MEA to its environment. It was shown that the modifications made to the second MEA such as its aperture size and ground planes, have reduced the proximity environment influence. The microdosimetry demonstrated good homogeneity of the SAR between the electrodes with an estimated value of 7 ± 1 W / kgfor 1 W incident power. Finally, a microfluidic exposure device based on a coplanar waveguide was characterized under static conditions
Cavallone, Marco. "Application of laser-plasma accelerated beams to high dose-rate radiation biology." Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAX063.
Повний текст джерелаCancer is the second leading cause of death globally, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths, or one in six deaths, in 2018. Besides surgery and chemotherapy, radiotherapy is one of the major treatment modality. It consists in the use of ionising radiation to kill cancerous cells by depositing energy into the tumour and destroying the genetic material that controls how cells grow and divide. While both cancerous and healthy cells are damaged by radiation, the goal of radiotherapy is to increase the treatment selectivity by sparing as much as possible the healthy tissues. Optimisation of the selectivity reposes on several aspects, including spatial optimisation of the dose, precision of imaging techniques and dosimetry instruments, use of different radiations and temporal structures of dose delivery. In particular, the role of the dose-rate and the total irradiation time has not been extensively explored yet.Clinical accelerators typically deliver the dose with a dose rate around few Gy/min, leading to exposure times in the order of few minutes to deliver a therapeutic dose. While the effect of a reduction of the dose rate in the order of cGy/min is well known, the effect of high-dose rate, fast irradiation on living cells still need to be elucidated. Evidences of an effect of the high dose-rate on the biological response have been recently observed in many studies. In particular, in-vivo studies performed with electrons and photons produced by accelerator prototypes have shown that delivering the prescribed dose in a short exposure time (<500ms) and at a high dose-rate (>40Gy/s) increases the treatment selectivity by reducing the occurrence of secondary effects on healthy tissues compared to conventional treatments with the same total dose. Although theoretical explanations underpinning such phenomenon are still under discussion, the so-called FLASH protocol has been successfully tested with the first human patient in 2019, paving the way for further research in this domain. These important results point out the importance of the dose delivery modality on the treatment selectivity and the potential benefit that high dose-rate protocols may bring to clinics, asking for a deeper understanding of the physico-chemical and biological processes following fast dose deposition.In this scenario, Laser-Driven Particle (LDP) beams represent a unique tool to shed some light on the radiobiological response following high-dose rate irradiation. LDP sources are produced by focusing an ultra-short (~fs) and ultra-intense (1019 W/cm2) laser pulse on a solid or gaseous thin target (~μm), producing proton and electron bunches with duration of respectively a few picoseconds and a few femtoseconds. These characteristics allow the reach of extremely high peak dose-rate in the pulse of the order of ~109 Gy/s in comparison with conventional and FLASH treatment protocols. For this reason, LDP sources have been receiving great attention in the last decade, but their radiobiological effect is still debated and further systematic studies are required.This thesis discusses the potential of both Laser-Accelerated Protons (LAP) and Laser-Accelerated Electrons (LAE) produced by different types of commercially available high-power lasers systems. In particular, it presents experimental and theoretical studies carried out with three different types of LDP beams, i.e. Hz LAPs, single-shot LAPs and kHz LAEs, enabling different temporal modalities of dose delivery. The goal is to address some of the main issues related to the application of such sources to radiation biology and show viable solutions and irradiation protocols to perform systematic radiobiology studies. Such issues include accurate characterisation of the source, optimisation of the dose distribution at the biological target through the design of adapted transport beamlines and investigation of the behaviour of dosimetric instruments for high dose-rate dosimetry
Kamenopoulou, Vassiliki. "Proprietes dosimetriques des fibres textiles : application a la dosimetrie par resonance paramagnetique electronique d'un accident d'irradiation gamma." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30172.
Повний текст джерелаALESSANDRI-FRACCARO, MARIE FRANCE. "Proprietes exoemissives et thermoluminescentes de l'alumine alpha : application a la dosimetrie des rayonnements ionisants en cas d'accident." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30088.
Повний текст джерелаParisi, A. "A new method using a dosimetric technique to evaluate ultraviolet spectra and doses for application to plants." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1996.
Знайти повний текст джерелаBrambilla, Andrea. "Application des semi-conducteurs couches minces a la detection de rayonnements nucleaires dans le cadre de la radioprotection." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112103.
Повний текст джерела