Дисертації з теми "Dose Biologique"
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Smekens, François. "Planification inverse de la dose en hadronthérapie : prise en compte de la qualité du rayonnement pour une optimisation de la dose biologique." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716665.
Повний текст джерелаKubs, Fleur. "Apport de la modulation d'intensité et de l'optimisation pour délivrer une dose adaptée aux hétérogénéités biologiques." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL066N/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe progress in functional imaging opens new perspectives in the delineation of target volumes in radiotherapy. We can intend to adapt the irradiation doses on the tumor activity and to perform a dose escalation. Our objectives were (i) to characterize the TEP thresholding, by quantifying the uncertainties of the target volume contour, (ii) to set up the geometry suited, (iii) to estimate the dosimetric impact of this new protocol and (iv) to verify that dosimetry is perfectly distributed. 3 original phantoms and 2 virtual phantoms containing 3 dose levels were specially created. The diameter of 1cm for the 3rd level was able to be reached. A dose escalation of 20Gy was possible. The dosimetric impact on two real cases was suitable. The clinical tolerances were respected. So all the treatment process was estimated and validated. However such doses should be carefully estimated before being prescribed clinically and progress is also expected in imaging
Kubs, Fleur. "Apport de la modulation d'intensité et de l'optimisation pour délivrer une dose adaptée aux héterogénités biologiques." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00182354.
Повний текст джерелаShim, Grace. "Influence of Individual Radiosensitivity on Biological Responses to Ionizing Radiation Dose Estimation and the Role of Telomere Maintenance." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T050/document.
Повний текст джерелаExposure to ionizing radiation (IR), from both natural and man-made sources, is an inevitable part of modern life. It is well established that there are considerable inter-individual variations in sensitivity to IR among healthy individuals and cancer patients. However, the mechanisms involved in the heterogeneity of biological responses to IR are not well understood, and a reliable biodosimetric and clinical approach to measure and rank radiosensitivity remains to be established. In this thesis, we study the extent and impact of individual radiosensitivity in healthy individuals in the contexts of emergency dosimetry and radiotherapy, and we explore the roles of telomeres in the prediction of individual radiosensitivity and long-term human health risks following IR exposure (specifically, cardiovascular diseases and/or cancer). First, in the context of dosimetry in the event of an emergency situation (when rapid dose estimates of each individual in an irradiated population are needed), we demonstrate that the impact of individual radiosensitivity can be negligible using global cellular measurements of γH2AX fluorescence via flow cytometry in human fibroblasts and lymphocytes at 4 hours post-irradiation; this method could be an effective and rapid biodosimetry tool that can aid in the medical triage of irradiated individuals in an emergency setting based on individual levels of exposure. Second, we study the extent and influence of individual radiosensitivity on the induction of chromosomal aberrations following a routinely administered dose of 2 Gy during conventional fractionated photon radiotherapy (γ-rays) in lymphocytes of healthy individuals. For these analyses, we define individual radiosensitivity based on the frequency of IR-induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which were calculated from the scoring of chromosomal aberrations visualized with telomere/centromere-fluorescence in situ hybridization (TC-FISH). This TC-FISH staining of metaphasic chromosomes enhances the “gold standard technique” of biodosimetry (the dicentric chromosome assay) with the visualization of telomeres and centromeres and thereby provides improved simplicity and sensitivity to the classical cytogenetic assay. We also compare individual radiosensitivity following γ-irradiation to that following carbon irradiation, an up-and-coming ion species currently being used in heavy ion radiotherapy. We provide dose response curves for both γ- and carbon irradiations based on the calculated frequency of IR-induced DNA DSBs at a range of doses, and estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of carbon irradiation relative to γ-irradiation. We then estimate the RBE of a third type of IR also frequently used in heavy ion radiotherapy (proton beams) in comparison to γ-irradiation, and compare individual radiosensitivity to each of these three types of IR with different IR energies. Third, we evaluate the roles of telomeres and telomere maintenance in the prediction of individual radiosensitivity; we find that inherent mean telomere length in combination with the IR-induced change in mean telomere length may be a strong predictor of individual radiosensitivity. Finally, we show how telomeres could be linked to long-term health risks following IR exposure: we demonstrate that telomere shortening could be a new prognostic factor for cardiovascular disease following radiotherapy, and discuss how telomeres could be key players in the process of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. In conclusion, we deliberate the relationships between telomere maintenance, radiation effects, and individual radiosensitivity, and propose a model of how telomeres could play crucial roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases and the process of IR-induced carcinogenesis
Ali, Yasmine. "Biological dose estimation in hadrontherapy using the GATE Monte Carlo simulation platform." Thesis, Lyon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LYSE1329.
Повний текст джерелаOne of the current challenges in hadrontherapy is the evaluation of the biological effects due to microscopic pattern of energy deposition of ions. Treatment Planning Systems (TPS) should optimize beam parameters taking into account their predictions through the calculation of the biological dose in addition to the physical dose. To estimate the biological dose, biophysics models have been developed such as the mMKM and NanOx models. Some input parameters of the models are generally estimated with Monte Carlo Track Structure Codes such as Geant4-DNA and LPCHEM codes. Both codes are able to perform the simulation of ion and electron transport in water down to some eV as well as the evaluation of the chemical species generated during water radiolysis between 10-12 and 10-6 s. In this work, we first compared the outcome of LPCHEM and Geant4-DNA in terms of specific energy in nano and micro targets as well as yields of chemical species (input of the biophysical models). Then, we enhanced the GATE Monte Carlo simulation platform by creating a “Biodose actor” in order to estimate the biological dose for different clinical Spread-out Bragg Peaks (SOBP) with hydrogen, helium and carbon ion beams. We performed the first comparison between the LPCHEM and Geant4-DNA codes for the simulation of nanodosimetry spectra in the track core and the production of chemical species yields for water irradiations with charged particles (10 MeV protons). The total specific energy spectra in nanometric targets and the chemical yields predicted by the two codes are in good agreement. Besides the implementation of the BioDose actor in GATE has been tested and validated with comparison against experimental cell survival obtained in several SOBP. This tool paves the way of facilitated benchmarking between different models and evaluation approaches
Lê, Minh. "L'apport de l'évaluation pharmacocinétique dans le choix des antirétroviraux (nature et dose) chez la personne vivant avec le VIH." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC020.
Повний текст джерелаDespite the recent advances in HIV therapy, antiretroviral (ARV) treatment remains for life in order to control the HIV infection. Thus, maintenance strategies, developed to decrease the chemical burden of ARV, are evaluated to enhance the long-term tolerance with a similar efficacy to standard triple therapy. Anatomical sanctuaries such as central nervous system or genital compartment are sites of HIV replication. The penetration of ARV, from the systemic compartment to the deep compartments, is essential to control the HIV infection in these sanctuaries. First, we assessed the penetration of maraviroc, raltegravir and rilpivirine in genital fluids (seminal and cervico-vaginal fluids) in standard triple therapy. We reported a good penetration of maraviroc and raltegravir and mild penetration of rilpivirine in both genital fluids. Then, in a second project, we evaluated the plasma exposure of darunavir/ritonavir in a reduced daily-dose of darunavir in the ANRS-165 DARULIGHT study and the seminal penetration at both dosing regimen. We reported a complex pharmacokinetic interaction between darunavir and ritonavir: no significant difference was observed in both plasma and seminal exposure of darunavir, despite the 50% decrease of darunavir daily-dose. These results highlight the absence of linearity of both darunavir and ritonavir plasma exposures in the explanation of the interaction mechanism. Finally, we assessed the plasma exposure and the seminal penetration of etravirine, raltegravir and its inactive glucuronide metabolite in the ANRS-163 ETRAL study. No metabolic interaction was expected between etravirine and raltegravir. Nevertheless, we reported a probable interaction through the efflux transporters which might impact the seminal penetration of raltegravir and its metabolite. To summarize, our results from the different projects allowed to precise the influence of blood and seminal (in a lesser extent) plasma proteins in the penetration or accumulation of ARV in the male genital tract and the probable role of efflux transporteurs. Our results from the different projects contribute to assess the seminal penetration of ARV in relation with the respective plasma protein binding but also the elimination half-life and the probable role of efflux transporters
Gryspeirt, Aiko. "Impact des plantes Bt sur la biologie de Plodia interpunctella: évaluation de l'efficacité de la stratégie agricole "Haute dose - refuge" pour la gestion de la résistance des insectes ravageurs aux plantes Bt." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210542.
Повний текст джерелаMon projet de recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’évaluation de l'efficacité de cette stratégie et s’articule en deux phases :une phase expérimentale et une phase théorique. La première se concentre sur la caractérisation en laboratoire de l'impact des toxines Cry sur la biologie d'un ravageur. Cette phase constitue un support au volet théorique :la mise au point d’un modèle mathématique évaluant l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. L'originalité de ce projet repose entre autre sur l'interactivité entre ces deux volets.
Volet expérimental. Impact des toxines Cry sur la biologie de Plodia interpunctella. Nous évaluons séparément l'impact d'une gamme de concentrations de deux toxines Cry (CryXX et CryYY) sur une série de paramètres comportementaux et biologiques d'un insecte commun des denrées stockées: Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera :Pyralidae). Ces paramètres sont sélectionnés car leur variation pourrait avoir un impact sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R dans le contrôle de la résistance. Il est donc pertinent de les quantifier pour intégrer dans le modèle des ordres de grandeur réalistes et générer des résultats qui ne sont pas uniquement basés sur des spéculations théoriques.
Volet théorique A. Efficacité de la stratégie HD/R pour des plantes Bt synthétisant une ou deux toxines simultanément. La stratégie 'HD/R' a été développée pour prévenir la résistance envers les plantes Bt synthétisant une seule toxine. Or, depuis 2003, de nouvelles variétés de coton Bt synthétisant simultanément deux toxines Cry sont commercialisées (BollgardII® et WidestrikeTM). Nous évaluons, grâce au modèle que nous avons développé, l'efficacité de cette stratégie lors d'une utilisation exclusive de plantes Bt synthétisant une ou deux toxines.
Volet théorique B. Impact du ralentissement du développement des insectes sur les plantes Bt sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. Le volet expérimental met en évidence un allongement de la durée du développement des larves se nourrissant sur une diète contaminée en toxine Cry. Ce ralentissement induit une séparation temporelle entre l'émergence des adultes de la zone Bt et de la zone refuge et perturbe une hypothèse principale de la stratégie HD/R: le croisement aléatoire entre adultes, indépendamment du génotype et de la zone d'origine. Dans ce troisième chapitre, nous étudions l'impact de la perturbation du croisement aléatoire sur l'efficacité de la stratégie HD/R. Nous testons également deux options pour optimiser la stratégie en cas d'asynchronie: l'utilisation de plantes Bt synthétisant une faible concentration en toxine (atténuant le décalage entre l'émergence des adultes) ou l'augmentation de la taille de la zone refuge (favorisant la survie des individus porteurs d'allèle de sensibilité et donc optimisant la dilution de la résistance à la génération suivante).
Ce travail s'intègre dans une problématique actuelle et utilise des outils de biologie théorique (théories de la dynamique et de la génétique des populations) ainsi que le développement d'un modèle mathématique. Il apporte des éléments de réponse et de réflexion sur l'optimisation de la gestion de la résistance des insectes mais c'est aussi une illustration de la complémentarité entre la biologie expérimentale et théorique.
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On the market since 1996, genetically modified plants synthesizing an insecticidal toxin (Cry toxin) stemmed from Bacillus thuringiensis, called Bt plants, target several insect pests (Lepidoptera or Coleoptera). Bt crops cover increasingly larger areas and control important pest populations The Insect Resistance Management Strategy (IRM) strategy currently recommended in the U.S.A. to limit the development of resistant populations is the High Dose / Refuge zone (HD/R) strategy. This pre-emptive strategy requires a refuge zone composed by non-Bt plants, usable by the target insect and in close proximity of the Bt zone synthesizing a high toxin concentration.
My research project contributes to the effectiveness assessment of this HD/R strategy. It is structured on two main parts: an experimental, and a theoretical section. The first part characterizes the impact of Cry toxins on the biology of an insect pest. It is the basis of the theoretical part: the implementation of a mathematical model, which evaluates the effectiveness of the HD/R strategy.
The originality of this project is based on the interactivity of these two components.
Experimental section. Impact of the Cry toxins on the biology of Plodia interpunctella. We assess the impact of a range of concentrations of two Cry toxins (CryXX et CryYY) on several behavioural and biological parameters of a common pest of stored products: Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera :Pyralidae). These parameters are selected because their variation could influence the effectiveness of a HD/R strategy. So, it is important to quantify these parameters so that realistic values can be integrated in our model. The results of the model are thus not based on theoretical assumptions alone.
Theoretical section A. Effectiveness of a HD/R strategy with Bt plants synthesizing one or two toxins. Initially, the HD/R strategy has been developed to limit the resistance towards Bt plants synthesizing one toxin. However, since 2003, new Bt cotton varieties synthesize two toxins simultaneously (BollgardII® et WidestrikeTM). We assess, with our model, the effectiveness of this strategy for Bt plants synthesizing one or two toxins.
Theoretical section B. Impact of the slowing down of the insect development reared on Bt plants on the effectiveness of the HD/R strategy. The experimental part demonstrates that larvae reared on a Bt diet have a protracted development duration. The consequence of this is a temporal separation between adult emergence in the two zones (Bt zone and refuge zone). This could affect the main assumption of the HD/R strategy, i. e. random mating independently of the genotype and of the native zone. In this third chapter, we study the impact of random mating disruption on the effectiveness of a HD/R strategy. We test two options to optimise the strategy in case of asynchrony: the use of Bt plants synthesizing a lower toxin concentration (limiting emergence asynchrony) or increasing the refuge zone size (favouring the survival of insect carrying one or two susceptible allele and thus optimising the dilution of resistance at the next generation).
This work is applied to a current issue. It uses some of the tools of theoretical biology (theories of population dynamics and population genetics) and develops a mathematical model. It provides some responses and some elements of thought about insect resistance management. It is also an illustration of the complementarity between experimental and theoretical biology.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mazeron, Jean-Jacques. "Effets biologiques relatifs au débit de dose en curiethérapie interstitielle." Paris 12, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA120019.
Повний текст джерелаKubs, Fleur Aletti Pierre Wolf Didier. "Apport de la modulation d'intensité et de l'optimisation pour délivrer une dose adaptée aux hétérogénéités biologiques." S. l. : INPL, 2007. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2007_KUBS_F.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMulleman, Denis. "Variabilité de réponse aux anti TNF-alpha dans les rhumatismes inflammatoires : apport des marqueurs biologiques et d'imagerie." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR3113/document.
Повний текст джерелаThere is an interindividual variability of the dose - response relationship in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases treated by Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-a) inhibitors. In the first part of this thesis, the pathophysiology of TNF-a in inflammatory processes is presented. Then, the work focuses on the concentration-effect relationship using pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) models. At the end, after discussion on imaging biomarkers, the thesis discusses the usefulness of a new technique to detect the early response to treatment, namely the positron emission tomography (PET). In summary, this work describes the PK-PD relationship in rheumatic inflammatory diseases treated by monoclonal antibodies using clinical and biological markers and demonstrates also the influence of high concentrations of monoclonal antibodies on maintenance to treatment. PET is a promising technique to identify early response to TNF-a antagonists
PAGES, ISABELLE. "Antivitamines k a faibles doses et marqueurs biologiques de l'hypercoagulabilite chez le sujet age." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31705.
Повний текст джерелаZAKA, RAIHANA. "Consequences biologiques de faibles doses aigues ou chroniques de rayonnements ionisants chez pisum sativum (fabaceae) et stipa capillata (poaceae)." Rennes 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN10105.
Повний текст джерелаNourgalieva, Kalamkas J. "Effets biologiques des faibles doses d'irradiation sur les organismes humains et animaux : observations et expériences effectuées en France et au Kazakhstan entre 1995 et 2000." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN1B079.
Повний текст джерелаMuratet, Sophie, and Odile Vernet. "Etude et comparaison des effets génétiques et biologiques de la pollution atmosphérique et de très faibles doses de radioactivité naturelle." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30042.
Повний текст джерелаRahmann, Hendrik [Verfasser], and Christian [Gutachter] Gutt. "Realization of low dose XPCS experiments for the investigation of protein dynamics / Hendrik Rahmann ; Gutachter: Christian Gutt." Siegen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Siegen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224683935/34.
Повний текст джерелаLi, Fan [Verfasser], and Claudia [Akademischer Betreuer] Rübe. "Accumulation of DNA double strand breaks in normal tissues after fractionated low dose irradiation / Fan Li. Betreuer: Claudia Rübe." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1051405637/34.
Повний текст джерелаNundloll, Sapna. "Dos and don'ts in augmentative biological control : insights from mathematical modelling." Nice, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NICE4054.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis presents the mathematical analysis of models in augmentative biological control, from which practical guidelines are the derived. Biological control provides a means to fight pest invertebrates that attack crops with their natural predators. It is an essential component in efforts to reduce pesticide usage in agriculture. Pesticides pose a threat to human health, both to the agricultural worker and the consumer, as well as to the environment because of their toxicity : this largely motivates the need for current biological control programs to be improved and new ones developed. In this thesis, we look in particular at augmentative biological control, which involves the periodic release of predators that are not able to establish in an ecosystem in the absence of the pest, their primary prey. We introduce a general class of models that describe the intrinsic predator-prey dynamics by a pair of ordinary differential equations and the periodic releases by a discrete equation. We study the variants of this class of models, that may arise in a biological control set-up and highlight the consequences on the strategy of releases. We analyse the effect of intrapredatory interference occurring when the predator preys the pest, the impact of cannibalism among the predators, and finally the outcome of partial harvests of crops on the biological control program. Finally, we summarise the results of our mathematical analysis into a set of practical guidelines. We also report experiments on an agronomic predator-prey system, in which the predator species exhibits interfering behaviour. The experimental results validates out mathematical predictions
Skupin, Alexander. "How does Calcium oscillate?" Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15969.
Повний текст джерелаCalcium is an important second messenger in cells serving as a critical link between extracellular stimuli and their cellular responses. The external signals are translated often into repeated increases of the cytosolic calcium concentration what is referred as oscillations. This work uses an interdisciplinary approach combining experimental techniques from biology, analytical tools from theoretical physics and computer simulations to clarify the question of the oscillation mechanism and how cells can generate globally coordinated calcium signals originated from local stochastic channel dynamics. In this context, the spatial inhomogeneous distribution of channels forming channel clusters plays a key role. Together with calcium pumps and buffers, this induces huge functional concentration gradients close to open clusters, leading to a hierarchical organization of calcium signals. Thus, calcium oscillations are predicted to be stochastic and to have a spatial character. This hypothesis is justified experimentally in the first part of this thesis by analyzing calcium oscillations of four different cell types. Hence, calcium signaling constructively uses thermal noise to build global signals. This contradicts the current opinion of the last decades of calcium being a representative cellular oscillator. Moreover, this makes calcium a first natural example of array enhanced coherent resonance. In the modeling part of this work, a physiological model for intracellular calcium dynamics in three spatial dimensions is developed that takes the spatial arrangement of cells seriously. It uses a detailed channel model for the discrete release sites and takes into account diffusion and buffer interaction of calcium. In dependence on physiologic parameters, the developed parallel Green''s cell algorithm generates in a natural way the whole spectrum of experimentally known calcium signals and fits the experimental data of the first part in an almost perfect manner.
Bohé, Julien. "Administration intraveineuse continue d'acides aminés et synthèse protéique musculaire chez l'homme : études temps- et dose-réponse." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10003.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Miranda Tatiana dos [Verfasser], and Wilfried [Akademischer Betreuer] Konrad. "Water Relations of Lianas / Tatiana Dos Santos Miranda ; Betreuer: Wilfried Konrad." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1162897058/34.
Повний текст джерелаZhang, Pengcheng. "Optimisation de la planification en radiothérapie prostatique et ORL." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S042/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work focuses on the optimization of planning in prostate and head-and-neck radiation therapy. In order to improve the dose calculation, the Pencil Beam method was firstly modified by considering a spherical coordinate system, by improving the heterogeneities correction method and by accelerating the calculation by performing the convolution operations using the Fast Fourier Transform. The proposed approach was compared to conventional methods using different numerical phantoms. This evaluation demonstrated the accuracy of the proposed method and the acceleration of the calculations by a factor 40 by the method using the Fast Fourier Transform, but at the cost of deterioration in the accuracy of the results. In a second step, the incorporation of biological criteria in the optimization of the treatment plan has been implemented through an equivalent convex NTCP constraints and its optimization. The evaluation of this approach has been performed on the data of ten patients treated for prostate cancer and has shown that the proposed method produces clinically satisfactory plans with better results in terms of predicted toxicity. A method to compensate geometric uncertainties occurring during treatment has also been proposed, based on the expansion in series of Taylor and a Butterworth filter. Its evaluation has shown its effectiveness in reducing high-frequency oscillations as well as the presence of hot and cold spots. Finally, in the context of adaptive radiotherapy in head and neck, a study was conducted to identify the optimal scenario of replannings, i.e. the number and timing of replannings. The comparison criteria were based on the calculation of the cumulative dose received by the parotid during the whole treatment. The effectiveness of the replanning has been demonstrated, for example with a decreased risk of toxicity 9% for the optimal scenario. The perspectives of this work relate to the combination of these methods in a comprehensive planning process to assess their clinical impact
ALATIENNE, MICHEL. "Contribution a la connaissance de la biologie de la mouche domestique (musca domestica l. ) dans les etables du puy-de-dome. Moyens de lutte." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CLF21470.
Повний текст джерелаMirsch, Johanna [Verfasser], Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Löbrich, and Bodo [Akademischer Betreuer] Laube. "Biologischer Nachweis niedriger Dosen ionisierender Strahlung / Johanna Mirsch ; Markus Löbrich, Bodo Laube." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1130786951/34.
Повний текст джерелаLarge, Martin [Verfasser], Franz [Akademischer Betreuer] Rödel, Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Löbrich, and Bodo [Akademischer Betreuer] Laube. "Cellular and molecular aspects of the anti-inflammatory effects of low-dose radiation therapy / Martin Large. Betreuer: Franz Rödel ; Markus Löbrich ; Bodo Laube." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1112268855/34.
Повний текст джерелаRouane, Sébastien. "Doses minimales biologiquement efficaces pour le désherbage dans la rotation de maïs-soya tolérants au glyphosate et au glufosinate." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26922/26922.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаGötz, Ralph [Verfasser], Markus [Gutachter] Sauer, Michael [Gutachter] Hudecek, and Sören [Gutachter] Doose. "Super-resolution microscopy of plasma membrane receptors and intracellular pathogens / Ralph Götz ; Gutachter: Markus Sauer, Michael Hudecek, Sören Doose." Würzburg : Universität Würzburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213659752/34.
Повний текст джерелаPudenz, Maria [Verfasser], and Odilia [Akademischer Betreuer] Popanda. "Impact of soy isoflavones on DNA methylation in rat mammary glands - Dose-response aspects, critical time windows, and influence on carcinogenesis / Maria Pudenz ; Betreuer: Odilia Popanda." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180614739/34.
Повний текст джерелаSchneider, Christoph [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Brunner. "Clock controlled gene-9 is a trehalose phosphorylase which does not contribute to growth or development in Neurospora crassa / Christoph Schneider ; Betreuer: Michael Brunner." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1180395476/34.
Повний текст джерелаCastellani, Michela [Verfasser], Bernd [Akademischer Betreuer] Ludwig, and Klaas Martinus [Akademischer Betreuer] Pos. "Substrate binding does not only mean catalysis: internal regulation in the cytochrome bc1 complex from Paracoccus denitrificans / Michela Castellani. Gutachter: Bernd Ludwig ; Klaas Martinus Pos." Frankfurt am Main : Univ.-Bibliothek Frankfurt am Main, 2011. http://d-nb.info/104419510X/34.
Повний текст джерелаEbeling, Susan K. [Verfasser], Isabell [Akademischer Betreuer] Hensen, Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Auge, and Ingo [Akademischer Betreuer] Kowarik. "Does local adaptation facilitate the success of plant invasions? : a case study on Buddleja davidii / Susan K. Ebeling. Betreuer: Isabell Hensen ; Harald Auge ; Ingo Kowarik." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2008. http://d-nb.info/102493778X/34.
Повний текст джерелаDoose, Jens Peter [Verfasser], Benjamin [Gutachter] Lindner, Fred [Gutachter] Wolf, and Martin [Gutachter] Falcke. "Modeling of high-frequency coding for single cortical cells and precisely manipulating action-potential timing in vivo / Jens Peter Doose ; Gutachter: Benjamin Lindner, Fred Wolf, Martin Falcke." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185666699/34.
Повний текст джерелаDoose, Jens [Verfasser], Benjamin [Gutachter] Lindner, Fred [Gutachter] Wolf, and Martin [Gutachter] Falcke. "Modeling of high-frequency coding for single cortical cells and precisely manipulating action-potential timing in vivo / Jens Peter Doose ; Gutachter: Benjamin Lindner, Fred Wolf, Martin Falcke." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185666699/34.
Повний текст джерелаHolzammer, Tobias [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Dove, and Armin [Akademischer Betreuer] Buschauer. "Homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations and site-directed mutagenesis of histamine H2 receptors / Tobias Holzammer. Betreuer: Stefan Dove ; Armin Buschauer." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038580102/34.
Повний текст джерелаSantos, Aretuza Sousa dos [Verfasser], and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Renner. "Molecular cytogenetics and phylogenetic modeling to study chromosome evolution in the araceae and sex chromosomes in the cucurbitaceae / Aretuza Sousa dos Santos. Betreuer: Susanne Renner." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1059351285/34.
Повний текст джерелаTinelli, Pascal. "Etude et realisation d'un detecteur microdosimetrique destine a la radioprotection." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30154.
Повний текст джерелаMelo, Mendes dos Reis Yara [Verfasser], and Roland [Akademischer Betreuer] Eils. "Mitochondrial Morphology Dynamics during Apoptosis - An integrative modeling approach / Yara Melo Mendes dos Reis ; Betreuer: Roland Eils." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1179229827/34.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Thi Xuan Quyen. "Effets de la pégylation sur les relations dose-concentration-réponse : cas du PEG-interféron bêta 1a et du PEG-GRF." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05P628.
Повний текст джерелаThe objectives were to assess the effect of pegylation on the dose-concentration-response relationships throughout two examples PEG-IFN-beta-1a and PEG-GRF, using PK/PD modelling. The 1st molecule was a glycoprotein the PEG-IFN-beta-1a. A reduced clearance has been observed for PEG-IFN-beta-1a. The effect of PEG-IFN-beta-1a was assessed with 3 pharmacodynamic (PD) markers: beta2-microglobulin, neopterin and 2’,5’-oligo adenylate synthetase. By comparison with IFN-beta-1a, no improvement was observed in terms of magnitude and time course in the response of the PD markers following PEG-IFN-beta-1a injection. The 2nd molecule was a peptide the PEG-GRF. The effect of PEG-GRF-1a was assessed with 2 PD markers: GH and IGF-1. The absorption rate constant and the elimination rate constants remained unchanged following PEG-GRF administration, compared to GRF. Regarding the IGF-1 marker, PEG-GRF has a higher bioavailability compared to those of the GRF. The GH response, represented by AUE on different time intervals from 0 to 24 h, was higher following PEG-GRF injection, compared to GRF. Those 2 examples are representative of the variety in the properties of pegylation reported in literature
Leuthold, Jan. "Untersuchungen zur Qualität von peripheren Blutstammzellpräparaten." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/14908.
Повний текст джерелаThe modern therapeutic concept of high-dose chemotherapy of solid tumors and hematologic neoplasias demands a pretherapeutic harvest, an extracorporal purification and an consecutive deep temperature storage of human blood stem cells which will be retransplanted later. Stem cell preparates (transplants) of 22 patients were produced by extracorporal separation of peripheral blood. From each patient a stem cell specimen was mixed with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), storaged at - 196 °C and thawed after about 21 days. A corresponding specimen of each patients material was investigated without DMSO addition and without freezing under native conditions. The DMSO exposed, frozed and again defrosted cells showed a mild increase of total cell and nucleus diameters, a constant number of mitochondrias and a reduction of vesicles. A markedly feature of deep temperature damage was the occurance of liquide storages in the nucleus double membrane and the forming of cisterne-like enlargement of the endoplasmatic reticulum. Persistantly we found mitochondrias with reduced size and marginal condensed cristae. Alltogether there were no severe cellular damages in the comparative investigated overlifed specimen cells of the same patient with and without DMSO and deep temperature storage. The morphological results correspond with clinical investigations of a sufficient restitution of all hematopoietic cell lineages in transplanted patients.
Bonnefond, Catherine. "Melatonine et transmission de l'information photoperiodique chez le vison et le hamster dore." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066626.
Повний текст джерелаMalinovsky, Jean Marc. "Systemes therapeutiques a liberation prolongee de bupivacaine : etude de la relation dose-effet apres administration peridurale de microspheres et de liposomes et etude neurotoxicologique intrathecale des liposomes de bupivacaine chez le lapin (doctorat : biologie et sciences de la sante)." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN1B050.
Повний текст джерелаDejean-Viellard, Catherine. "Etude des techniques de régularisation en radiothérapie conformationnelle avec modulation d'intensité et évaluation quantitative des distributions de dose optimales." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30195.
Повний текст джерелаNowakowska, Paulina [Verfasser], Beatrix [Akademischer Betreuer] Süß, Adam [Akademischer Betreuer] Bertl, and Torsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Tonn. "Establishment of a good manufacturing practice-compliant procedure for expansion of therapeutic doses of genetically modified, CAR expressing NK-92 cells for the treatment of ErbB2-positive malignancies / Paulina Nowakowska ; Beatrix Süß, Adam Bertl, Torsten Tonn." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121781799/34.
Повний текст джерелаMané, Carine. "Phénomènes oxydants et composés phénoliques dans les vins blancs de Champagne : développements méthodologiques pour l'analyse des polymères." Montpellier, ENSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0015.
Повний текст джерелаSeidl, Renata Aparecida. "A agricultura ecologica sob o angulo da qualidade de vida dos agricultores : abordagem comparativa entre duas regiões metropolitanas na França e no Brasil." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100103.
Повний текст джерелаAfter the Green revolution, which began in the years 1960, agriculture took new directions thanks to the introduction of technologies and modern practices (genetic modification of seeds, intensive use of manures, and mechanization of the farms) which made it possible to intensify the production and raise the agricultural productivity. This model of production was formed within the conventional agriculture. However, after less than one century of development, this model of agriculture generated a number of concerns as well for its environmental impact and as well on public health. As an alternative to the conventional agriculture, the ecological agriculture - with its various denominations (Organic, Agro-ecological, Biological, inter alia) - has created its own marks in terms of production and marketing in local and global agro- alimentary systems. Its development was maintained thanks to growing demand and investment of large agro- alimentary companies and family farmers who converted their surfaces to an ecological mode of production. In this context, the inclusion and the adhesion of the small farmers to this type of agriculture is the main framework of this research. The thesis proposes therefore to carry out a reflection around the social sustainability of the farmers with this main question: “Is ecological agriculture a sustainable solution for all?” - which emerges within a social perspective through the analysis of quality of life of Brazilian family farmers and the French peasants, actives within market-gardening inside metropolitan regions of Belo Horizonte (Brazil) and the Metropolitan region of the Ile-de-France (France). This questioning cross the idea of “sustainability”, understood not only like safeguarding of the environment and the ecosystems, but also as taking into account the "social factory" and the living conditions of the individuals, in this case, of the farmers. Thus, the question of the quality of life (QOL) of the farmers – where self-esteem and the job satisfaction are intrinsically related to the social relations and the organization of the space of which they form part – is analysed. The results show inter alia, that the permanence of the production units depends on the conditions given to its owner, taking account of possibilities of developing a salubrious work (without health risk), prosper (with a sufficient financial return) and pleasant (as a source of satisfaction and social recognition). Our work reaffirms thus that ecological agriculture is in fact sustainable for all when the variables of the QOL of the farmers are potentiated and incorporated in the local agricultural development. In addition it's observed that the relation between the values of the QOL and the regional contexts reflects as well in the capacities of the farmers to carry their work as in their feelings of pleasure and self-confidence, i.e. of personal and professional wellbeing. The specificities around the questions of food security in the Brazilian context direct the future research towards arrangements of management strategies used in France and liable to be adapted to the reality of the Belo Horizonte metropolitan region
Após a Revolução Verde, iniciada na década de 1960, a agricultura tomou novos rumos graças à introdução de tecnologias e práticas agrícolas modernas (modificação genética de sementes, uso intensivo de insumos industriais, mecanização e redução de custo de manejo) que permitiram intensificar a produção e a produtividade agrícola. Esse modelo de produção conformou-se na agricultura convencional. No entanto, a menos de meio século de seu desenvolvimento, este tipo de agricultura tem causado preocupações sobre o seu impacto no meio ambiente e na saúde da população. Como uma proposta alternativa à agricultura convencional, a agricultura ecológica, sob diversos nomes (Orgânica, Agroecológica, Biologique, dentre outras) tem-se destacado no âmbito dos sistemas agroalimentares locais e globais, tanto em termos de produção quanto de área e comercialização. Seu desenvolvimento tem se sustentado por um mercado de investimentos econômicos, representado por grandes empresas agroalimentares e por pequenos agricultores, que converteram suas áreas para uma maneira ecológica de produção. Diante desse contexto, a inclusão ou adesão dos pequenos agricultores a esse tipo de agricultura motiva uma investigação na esfera social. Assim, a proposta dessa tese é trazer uma reflexão acerca da sustentabilidade social dos agricultores, cuja questão: “A agricultura ecológica é uma solução sustentável para todos?” surge com uma perspectiva social sobre as condições de vida e de trabalho do agricultor familiar brasileiro, e do paysan francês, investidos na prática da horticultura ecológica. Este questionamento recai sobre a ideia de “sustentabilidade”, compreendida não somente no aspecto da preservação do meio ambiente e dos ecossistemas, mas também quanto ao tecido social e à qualidade de vida (QV) dos indivíduos, nesse caso, os agricultores. Desta forma, discute-se a QV dos agricultores, cujas autoestima e satisfação profissional encontram-se intrínsecas às relações sociais e às organizações do espaço ao qual eles se inserem. Os limites espaciais da pesquisa englobam duas regiões metropolitanas, a saber: 1) Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte – Brasil e; 2) Região Metropolitana de Île-de-France – França
Bouchard, Audrey. "Rendement en biomasse, valeur nutritive et concentration en sucres du millet perlé sucré (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) en fonction de la dose de semis et de l'écartement entre les rangs." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27422/27422.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRachet, Bernard. "Étude internationale de cohorte sur les risques de cancer parmi les personnels des laboratoires de recherche biomédicale et agronomique : résultats et développements méthodologiques sur les effets de latence et dose-réponse." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T054.
Повний текст джерелаToubiana, meyer Rivka. "Contribution à l’évaluation objective du confort en posture assise par le développement d’un modèle biomécanique paramétrable du tronc." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENAM0016/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe comfort of motor vehicles is a strategic and economic element in their developments. One of the future challenges is the individual comfort, which can only be achieved with original digital models. Indeed, we should be able to take into account the diversity of anthropometric occupants in the worldwide. In this context, Faurecia, automotive seating manufacturer and leader in this field, wishes to optimize its design process through digital tools to analyze comfort in the early design steps. However, at present, no digital tool is available to validate the comfort of the backrest. The purpose of this study is to develop a numerical assessment tool for the comfort of the backrest design taking into account individual differences. This tool is based on the development of a biomechanical trunk model. Firstly, a test campaign allowed identifying the sitting reproducibility of a volunteer in a standardized position (position, pressure distribution). A parametric finite element model of the trunk was developed and will allow simulating these experimental conditions. The model was validated from a geometrical point of view and the mesh was analyzed. To fully validate the model and allow its use by OEMs, sitting positions which the spine curvature is known will be simulated. Then the model will be evaluated for the comfort analysis by comparison of the pressure maps to the human/seat interface
Adamowicz, Elisabeth. "Utilisation de la chaîne respiratoire d’Escherichia coli immobilisée pour la réalisation d’électrodes à enzyme dans le but de doser le L-lactate et le succinate." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI221.
Повний текст джерелаLabiad, Yasmine. "Contribution de l’approche transcriptomique dans la physiopathologie et le traitement des hémopathies malignes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4068.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this research is to demonstrate transcriptomic approach contribution in the physiopathology and treatment of hematological malignancies. In particular, how microarrays technology is used to study several oncohematology difficulties; which remain deaths-related infection, as well as the failure to obtain remission and death related relapse. In the first part, our focus was to study natural killer cells (Nks) in patients affected with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We compared transcriptomic AML-NKs signature with healthy donors-NKs signature and suggested that ETS-1 transcription factor is a good candidate able to regulate the natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs), whose coding genes, are located on two different chromosomes even if their expression remain strongly coordinated.Our second part, aimed to predict sepsis using a transcriptomic approach in the case of autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Using the same model, in the third part, we highlighted the melphalan high-dose chemotherapy effect on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and identified a potential good biomarker of early relapse in patients affected by myeloma in the case of auto-HSCT.Our final focus was to analyze gene expression profile of HIV-related large diffuse B-cell lymphoma type in order to verify the existence of subgroups described in immune-competent patients
Valdenaire, Simon. "Mise en place et utilisation des faisceaux FFF en radiothérapie : radiobiologie, caractérisation physique, contrôles qualité, modélisation et planification de traitement." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0037/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn medical linear electron accelerators, photon beams profiles are homogenised using flattening filters. Technologies have evolved and the presence of this filter is no longer necessary. Flattening filter free (FFF) beams exhibit higher dose rates, heterogeneous dose profiles, modified energy spectra and lower out-of-field dose. This PhD aimed at studying the characteristics of unflattened beams, as well as their impact in clinical utilization. Several subjects were thoroughly investigated: radiobiology, dosimetry, quality controls, modelling and treatment planning. In vitro experiments ensured that the high dose-rate of FFF beams had not a radiobiological impact. A wide review of the literature was conducted to corroborate these results. In order to understand thoroughly the characteristics of FFF beams, measurements were conducted using several detectors. The effect of the spectra and dose rates of unflattened beams on dose calibration were also studied. FFF beams were modeled in two TPSs. The methods, results and model parameters have been compared between the available beam qualities as well as between both TPSs. Furthermore, the implementation of stereotactic treatments technique was the occasion to investigate small beam dosimetry. Prostate cancer cases treated with VMAT and pulmonary tumors treated with stereotactic 3D beams were also studied. The comparison of dose distributions and treatment metrics give advantage to FFF beams. Mastering physical and biological aspects of flattening filter free beams allowed the IPC to start FFF treatments. Comparative studies have since resulted in a deeper understanding on the pertinent use of these beams