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Статті в журналах з теми "Dommages de déplacement"
Guzmán, Maritza Reyes, and Gerardo Avendaño Prieto. "Estudio ambiental sobre el riesgo ecológico que representa el plomo presente en el suelo / Environmental study on ecological lead risks in soils." Revista EAN, no. 72 (August 1, 2013): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21158/01208160.n72.2012.568.
Повний текст джерелаATWOLI, L., A.-H. BAQUI, T. BENFIELD, R. BOSURGI, F. GODLEE, S. HANCOCKS, R. HORTON, et al. "Appel à une action d'urgence pour limiter l'augmentation de la température mondiale, restaurer la biodiversité et protéger la santé." EXERCER 32, no. 176 (October 1, 2021): 339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.56746/exercer.2021.176.339.
Повний текст джерелаFassin, Didier. "Châtiment." Anthropen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.103.
Повний текст джерелаLeclerc, Véronique, Alexandre Tremblay, and Chani Bonventre. "Anthropologie médicale." Anthropen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.125.
Повний текст джерелаMoussaoui, Abderrahmane. "Violence." Anthropen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.anthropen.123.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Dommages de déplacement"
Colcombet, Paul. "Étude de photorécepteurs sous irradiation de protons, électrons et rayons gamma pour la mission LISA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5022.
Повний текст джерелаScheduled for 2035, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), led by the European Space Agency (ESA), represents a pioneering effort as the first space-based gravitational wave detector. Operating in the low-frequency range of 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz beyond the capabilities of terrestrial detectors, LISA will open a new window to our universe and a new era in cosmological studies. The mission's design features three spacecraft, arranged in an equilateral triangle with each side spanning 2.5 million km, trailing the Earth in its orbit around the Sun. Central to LISA's function are its high-precision laser interferometers, which detect distance fluctuations between test masses in free fall within each spacecraft, with sensitivity to changes as subtle as a dozen picometers. The heart of LISA's detection technology lies in its Quadrants Photoreceivers (QPRs), critical for recording interferometric signals. These QPRs incorporate large area and low capacitance In0.53Ga0.47As Quadrant Photodiodes (QPDs) connected to low noise trans-impedance amplifiers (TIA), everything within a mechanical enclosure. Over its projected 12.5-year lifespan, LISA will encounter diverse radiation types, predominantly from solar emissions. Such radiation can degrade the QPDs by inducing crystal defects that alter the semiconductor properties, impairing the devices' performance.The objective of this thesis was to study the impact of the space radiation environment on the InGaAs QPDs' main electro-optical parameters. This investigation was further extended to assess the consequential implications of such degradations on the QPR performances and by extension to the LISA interferometric measurements. The devices have been provided by the members of the LISA Consortium Quadrant Photoreceivers Working Group, namely the QPDs from NL and Japan, and TIA FEE from Germany.In this context, I have developed and calibrated five experimental set-ups, allowing to evaluate the main QPDs' parameters like dark current, capacitance, and quantum efficiency and the overall QPR parameters like input equivalent current noise and phase and amplitude responses to interferometric LISA-like signals. I have also developed Phyton routines, allowing an automatic analysis procedure of the experimental data. I have used these experimental and software developments to evaluate the QPD and the QPR parameters, before and after three irradiation types, using respectively protons (20 and 60 MeV, 1x10+9 up to 1x10+12 p/cm^2), gamma (1 to 237 krad) and electrons (0.5 and 1 MeV). The maximum irradiation values exceeded ~5 times LISA requirements. I have directly participated to the irradiation campaigns, collaborating closely with technical teams from Antoine Lacassagne Proton-Therapy Center in Nice for protons irradiation and ONERA in Toulouse for gamma rays and electrons irradiations).The findings demonstrated the new devices' robust radiation tolerance, with no critical failures observed and almost all QPDs meeting LISA's requirements even post-irradiation. I compared our measured damage factor to those of the literature and explored how the intrinsic characteristics of QPDs, such as doping level and bias voltage, influence their vulnerability to radiation damage. Finally, I established a clear connection between the overall system's degradation manifested through increased noise levels and reduced amplitude response, and the modification of the QPDs' parameters. This correlation shows the ability to predict the impact of radiation-damaged QPDs on the functionality of the QPRs and, by extension, on the accuracy of LISA's gravitational wave measurements
Ursule, Marie-Cécile. "Compréhension des mécanismes physiques à l'origine des dégradations électriques extrêmes des pixels dans les capteurs d'images irradiés." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0014/document.
Повний текст джерелаImage sensors are used in various space applications: space and earth observations, attitude calculation etc. Those sensors are very sensitive to the space environment whose radiations lead to a degradation of their performances. Among the different impacted parameters, we are interested in the increase of dark current in the pixels. This parasitic current is caused by the thermal generation of charge carriers without any light excitation inducing the increase of the background noise on the images. Some pixels exhibiting the highest degradation are particularly disadvantageous for space missions. They can be critical for some missions and impose to the space community to develop effective prediction methods. ONERA developed an original method to predict dark current induce by the space radiations, based on a Monte Carlo method and the GEANT4 library. The objective of the PhD is to improve the performances of the tool. The approach of this work is first to modify the numerical tool for extreme cases of modelling (i.e. high fluencies or huge pixel volume) for which the Monte Carlo simulations are too long. In order to reduce this computation time, we developed calculation methods using statistical simplifications. In a second part, we studied the influence of the pixel geometry on the dark current. The idea is to follow the degradation cascades created by space particles and to determine if those cascades are contained in the impacted pixel or if they reach neighbor pixels. Finally, we modelled in our tool the physical mechanisms potentially responsible of the highest degradations linked to the electric field, the Poole-Frenkel effect and the phonon assisted tunneling
Cai, Yinfei. "Simulation des affaissements miniers et de leurs conséquences sur le bâti." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0010/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to improve the methods of subsidence computation and building damage evaluation, and to develop some tools based on these methods to study the mining subsidence and building damage cases in Lorraine. By investigating the topography influence on subsidence under simplified mining conditions, and using numerical models with varying mining depths and ground surface angles, a new influence function method, which is based on a probability density function of a skew normal distribution, to simulate the element subsidence, was firstly developed and can be used to compute the mining subsidence caused by the excavation under non-flat surface. Then, plane framed structural models were chosen to study the mechanical behavior of 3D buildings. For each building, two plane models located in the vertical sections passing through the principle inertia axes of the building’s projective polygon were considered. Their geometry and mechanical characteristics were chosen according to the construction type and used materials of the building under consideration. Then, by using the matrix displacement method with some modifications, the internal forces and displacements for the entire structure could be computed. The achieved internal forces could then be compared to damage grade criteria to determine the extent of building damage.Finally, by using the improved methods of subsidence computation and building damage evaluation, a real case application was performed in Joeuf city (France). The subsidence was computed and applied to the defined structural models as support displacements, and then the damage extents of the buildings in Joeuf were predicted