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1
Peshkopia, Ridvan. "CONDITIONING DEMOCRATIZATION: EU MEMBERSHIP CONDITIONALITY AND DOMESTIC POLITICS IN BALKAN INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/220.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The uneven effects of EU membership conditionality on Eastern European reforms continue to puzzle the research community. Sometimes, the research focus has been too large, considering EU membership conditionality as a policy implemented uniformly across policy areas. Other efforts take a too narrow approach by trying to explain the effects of EU membership conditionality in single sectors. I suggest studying this phenomenon through a set of mid-level theories in a cross-country, cross-sectorial approach. I argue that both the intensity of EU membership conditionality and reform outcomes are contingent upon the policy sector context; hence, we should take a sectorial contextual approach in studying them. Reform outcomes result from the interplay between EU’s and domestic leaders’ interests in a particular sectorial reform. I assume domestic leaders to be rational, power driven actors. I argue that, since they act in some weakly institutionalized political environments such as Eastern European societies, they represent the principal actors in the power game. I assume the EU to be a rational actor as well; yet, differently from Eastern Europe, the role of individual leaders is less distinguishable in the highly institutionalized EU political theatre. In this case, EU institutions are the primary political agents. They are interested in maintaining and enlarging the Union as a stable democracy. Expanding an earlier argument that views the EU as established through consociational practices, I argue that EU membership conditionality is a tool to impose institutional reforms in the EU aspirant countries, so their institutions can be receptive to the EU consociational practices once they join the Union. In these countries, the consociational character of conditionality is more visible, since it seeks to impose in aspirant countries the same practices that have brought democratic stability in some member states. The EU does not impose consociational practices on unified societies, but simply seeks to make their institutions receptive to the EU consociational practices. I test these arguments with the cases of institutional reforms in postcommunist Albanian and Macedonia. I conclude that, generally, EU membership manages to change Eastern European leaders’ interests in institutional reforms, but when it cannot, the reforms are almost impossible.
2
Sekáč, Martin. "Vývoj čínské ekonomiky na začátku 21. století." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205684.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper is focused on economic development of the People's Republic of China during the last decade. The aim of this paper is to analyse the economic transformation and identify key factors holding back the economic growth. In the theoretical part of this paper there will be a short introduction of China. Some Chinese social and economic specifics will also be explained. The end of this chapter will be focused on historical economic reforms and current goals for the economy. Next chapter will be focused on analysis of the economy in the last decade using the official available data. In the conclusion of this paper there will be presented findings and key factors holding back the economic growth of China.
3
Larson, Aron N. "The Effects of NAFTA and Domestic Reforms on the Development of Mexico’s Agriculture Sector." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/926.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For my thesis, I analyze effects of recent political developments on the development of Mexico’s agriculture sector. In 1994, Mexico joined NAFTA, sparking major change in many of Mexico’s major industries as a result of lifted trade restrictions. In addition to joining NAFTA in 1994, Mexico has implemented domestic programs over the last thirty years with the goal of expanding its agriculture sector. While some of the effects of Mexico’s domestic policies are concurrent with the effects of NAFTA, I separately evaluate the effects of NAFTA and these domestic agriculture policies. Specifically, I analyze the effects of these political developments on Mexico’s agricultural sector by evaluating changes to the trade balances of four major categories of commodities: vegetables, fruits & nuts, dairy and cereals. I compare the changes to Mexico’s trade position with the changes to trade positions of a selected group of six countries, which I call the “comparison countries.” The trade data covers the time period of 1975-2012, enabling the analysis to adequately evaluate the changes to trade “before and after” these political developments intervened. I find that NAFTA had mixed effects on Mexico’s agriculture sector’s development. Some commodities experience growth and increased exports to NAFTA countries, suggesting that NAFTA effected these industries positively. On the other hand, I find that NAFTA marred the development of other commodities as a result of domestic policies in the US distorting trade. Finally, I find that the effects of Mexico’s domestic programs either aided in the growth of some commodities or simply enabled producers to remain in the competitive NAFTA markets.
4
Hivon, Myriam. "Ploughing through the reforms : the domestic economy of rural households in post-Soviet Russia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271982.
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5
Soyeju, Olufemi Olugbemiga. "Public assets financing in Nigeria : the imperatives for legal reforms to unlock domestic financial resources and foreign capital for infrastructure development." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24525.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Infrastructure is one of the main parameters of economic growth and a country‘s competitiveness depends on the provision and maintenance of efficient and productive infrastructure assets. However, Nigeria, like most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa has the lowest quantity and poorest quality of stocks of infrastructure assets in the world and this phenomenally poor infrastructure has remained an impediment to development in the country. Decades of sub-optimal investment, poor maintenance culture and the fact that the required infrastructure investments could not be accommodated within the available fiscal space as a result of budgetary constraints have all contributed to the Nigeria‘s infrastructure deficit. The immediate outcome of this however is that the available infrastructure assets across the Nigerian landscape are in decrepit state and absurdly inadequate. Besides, the present demand for basic infrastructure services has grown astronomically out-stripping the supply capacity of the existing ones. Closing the infrastructure financing gap will however require increased investment by private investors through creative financing in an enabling legal and financial environment. Outside the budgetary constraints, the absence of efficient maintenance and management of infrastructure assets and quality service delivery by the public sector are some of the reasons why procurement of public infrastructure stocks by government through the traditional approach is no longer plausible and hence, the general appeal of the public-private partnership framework. However, despite all the potentials, the public private partnership technique in Nigeria has not made an appreciable impact in closing the infrastructure gaps due to lack of access to long-term financing. It is against this back-drop that this study has sought to investigate how reforms of the legal and financial infrastructure could widen access to financing through innovative financial resource mobilization in scaling-up infrastructure development and service delivery to the teeming Nigeria population. Therefore, the central thesis of this study is that the inadequacy of appropriate laws and inefficient financial system are partly responsible for the huge financing gaps in the Nigeria‘s infrastructure market and with the legal and financial reforms, an enabling legal and financial environment that would open up space for resource mobilization through innovative financing techniques and sources will be created thereby widening access to long-term financing and increasing the appetite for private investment in the nation‘s public infrastructure assets and services. So, the overarching objective of this thesis is to explore how legal and financial system reforms can facilitate the development of financial models and instruments that can help mobilize financial resources to fund infrastructure and bridge the huge infrastructure financing gaps in Nigeria in a sustainable fashion. Given the infrastructure poverty that constrains economic growth and development in Nigeria, the outcomes of this proposed study would help inform the need for the legal and financial system reforms to unlock resources in addressing the problems of financing gaps in infrastructure projects development in Nigeria. Besides, such outcomes based on the Nigerian experience in infrastructure financing and development may be turned into valuable knowledge for policy –making and further research in Nigeria. CopyrightThesis (LLD)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Centre for Human Rights
unrestricted
6
Radford, Mary Therese. "The law and domestic violence against women : the history of law reforms in relation to domestic violence against women from the 18th to the 20th century and an analysis of women victims' needs in contemporary socio-legal discourse." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3875.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The thesis is divided into two parts, Part I contains four chapters which map the pattern of legal changes relating to domestic violence against women from the 18th century to the 1980s. The history is written from the viewpoint of the legal interventions available to and used by women victims of domestic violence. Statutory enactments, case law and procedural changes in the relevant areas of criminal, family (ecclesiastical) and welfare law are described. Throughout Part I the discussion of the remedies available and reforms implemented is supplemented by the inclusion of case examples and statistical evidence showing local and national patterns of use. Chapter 1 describes the period from the start of the 18th century to the begining of the 20th; Chapter 2,1900 to the 1960s, Chapter 3 from 1969 to 1977 and Chapter 4 the more recent history in the 10 years between 1977 to 1987. Part II contains five chapters and is based upon an analysis of women victim's needs in contemporary socio-legal discourse. Part II grew out of a concern about the part played by the law in the secondary assault of women. The main aim of the discussion is to look at how women victims' self defined needs inform the practice of the law and how the legal approach contributes to the creation of violent relations between men and women in the social institution of heterosexuality. Part II emphasises the use of written and spoken language in interactional settings to define women's needs. The discussion is based upon the analysis of: 1. a survey of women involved in 54 legal cases concerning their partners' behaviour supplemented by interviews with legal advisors; 2. case records obtained from solicitors' offices with the womens' permission; 3. over 300 decisions traced from the published Law Reports; 4.105 press reports of cases of domestic violence against women. Chapter 5 describes the method employed in the research for Part II. Chapter 6 contains the analysis of the women's cases; Chapter 7 the reported decisions and Chapter 8 the press reports. Chapter 9 offers a summary of academic discourse and the abuse of women as well as a concluding discussion on some possibilities for the empowerment of women in law.
7
Erdem, Engin I. "European Integration and Democratic Consolidation: Spain, Poland and Turkey in Comparative Perspective." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/486.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The study explored when, under what conditions, and to what extent did European integration, particularly the European Union’s requirement for democratic conditionality, contribute to democratic consolidation in Spain, Poland, and Turkey? On the basis of a four-part definition, the dissertation examined the democratizing impact of European integration process on each of the following four components of consolidation: (i) holding of fair, free and competitive elections, (ii) protection of fundamental rights, including human and minority rights, (iii) high prospects of regime survival and civilian control of the military, and (iv) legitimacy, elite consensus, and stateness. To assess the relative significance of EU’s democratizing leverage, the thesis also examined domestic and non-EU international dynamics of democratic consolidation in the three countries.
By employing two qualitative methods (case study and process-tracing), the study focused on three specific time frames: 1977-1986 for Spain, 1994-2004 for Poland, and 1999-present for Turkey. In addition to official documents, newspapers, and secondary sources, face-to-face interviews made with politicians, academics, experts, bureaucrats, and journalists in the three countries were utilized.
The thesis generated several conclusions. First of all, the EU’s democratizing impact is not uniform across different components of democratic consolidation. Moreover, the EU’s democratizing leverage in Spain, Poland, and Turkey involved variations over time for three major reasons: (i) the changing nature of EU’s democratic conditionality over time (ii) varying levels of the EU’s credible commitment to the candidate country’s prospect for membership, and (iii) domestic dynamics in the candidate countries. Furthermore, the European integration process favors democratic consolidation but its magnitude is shaped by the candidate country’s prospect for EU membership and domestic factors in the candidate country. Finally, the study involves a major policy implication for the European Union: unless the EU provides a clear prospect for membership, its democratizing leverage will be limited in the candidate countries.
8
Salazar, Silvia. "Does time replace money ? : accounting for domestic production in households' welfare : evidence from Latin American countries." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010073.
Повний текст джерела
9
Matrakova, Marta. "Political transitions in EU-Russia shared neighbourhood: geopolitics and values as opportunities or challenges for the Quality of Democracy." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/204540.
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10
Thompson, Von. "Law reform, conciliation and domestic violence /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armt477.pdf.
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11
Meintjes-van, der Walt Lirieka. "The domestic worker some considerations for law reform." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003198.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines ways in which domestic workers in South Africa could be included within the scope of existing industrial legislation. At present the legal position of a work force of 862 000 is regulated by the common law contract of service. Socio-economic factors form the background of this investigation,which first sets out to determine whether the common-law contract of employment is capable of equitably regulating the employment relationship. The fallacy of the assumption that individuals agree on the terms of exchange in the employment contract on the basis of juridical equality, and the tenuous nature of the common-law employment relationship in the case of domestic workers are revealed. In the absence of any current statutory minima the employment contract is used to deprive domestic workers of what little protection they enjoy at common law. The two ways in which the individual employee's conditions of service can be protected from terms favouring the stronger of the two contracting parties are discussed. These are collective bargaining and statutory regulation. Difficulties experienced by domestic workers in respect of collective bargaining, whether they be included under the Labour Relations Act or not, are indicated. Proposals for including domestic workers under the Basic Conditions of Employment Act are evaluated in the light of legislation in the United States of America, Zimbabwe, Swaziland and Namibia. Ways of minimum-wage fixing are investigated, and it is concluded that the provisions of the Wage Act could be adapted for domestic workers. The 'unfair labour practice'concept is examined and the implications of its application for the domestic labour sector evaluated. It is recommended that the concept 'fairness' in the Labour Relations Act should apply to domestic workers, but that a code of practice be drafted to provide conceptions of 'fairness' as guidelines for employment behaviour. It is suggested that the parties refer disputes to mediation before being granted access to a Small Labour Court established for this purpose. In conclusion a draft code of practice is presented, as a basis for negotiation at a forum representative of the major actors in the domestic labour arena.
12
Li, Cheng. "Integration of China's domestic market during the reform era." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559256.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
On the occasion of the thirtieth anniversary of China's economic transition, this thesis deals with several facets of the integration of Chinese domestic market over such an exciting era. Chapter 1 discusses first a variety of institutional reforms aimed at reinforcing the central control over regional affairs and improving the integration of domestic market. Several stylised facts about the local protectionism, which come from a recent survey implemented by a respected institution, are also illustrated in the chapter. Chapter 2 offers a brief review of the literature relative to China's internal integration. Generally speaking, the studies have proceeded along six major lines: similarity of production structure, price convergence, synchronization of business cycles, domestic trade linkages, interregional capital mobility and population migration. Chapter 3 examines the trade pattern within China. In the spirit of McCallum (1995), we find that after controlling for various traditional gravity factors, the trade flows within a Chinese province are 23 to 28 times as dense as those between provinces over the period of 1992-2003. Such findings suggest a highly fragmented product market within China. A trend toward market integration is, however, derived from the evolution analysis. The regressions by sub-period samples show that since the mid-1990s, the magnitudes of border effects have exhibited a dramatic decline. Chapter 4 investigates the capital mobility and capital allocation efficiency among Chinese provinces. We show first that the provincial savings and investment rates are significantly and positively correlated over the period of 1978-2006. According to the Feldstein-Horioka's argument (1980), this relationship can be interpreted as evidence of low capital mobility. Furthermore, by testing the causality between provincial aggregate investment and income, we fail to provide consistent evidence to support the hypothesis of efficient capital allocation in China. Chapter 5 addresses the labor force migration among Chinese regions. After a short introduction of reforms of hukou system, we derive a simple wage gap equation including education level, market potential and provincial border indicator as explaining variables. In using city and sector-level data, we find that other things being equal, the wage dispersions within provincial borders are significantly less pronounced than those among provinces over the period of 2003-2005. According to the law of one price, such findings imply a weak mobility of labor force among provinces.
13
Pylypenko, Kateryna Andriyivna. "Judical Reform: Achievements and Omissions." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/50807.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Nowadays the issue of rights and freedoms of human and citizen is the main problem of domestic and foreign policy of the states in the world community. The presumption of innocence and other key rights and guarantees existed largely on paper, and the courts became centre of corruption.It should be remembered that a significant stage has been passed and it is necessary to continue the started projects, work on mistakes, involve the support of public experts and international partners for the development of justice in Ukraine.
14
Bruyneel, Stephen Alan. "The future of Soviet domestic reform : an analysis of three sovietologists' views." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28587.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis had two related purposes: to compare, contrast and critique three scholars' views of the Soviet domestic reform process, and to use these analyses as the means by which to examine the emerging Soviet domestic reform program. The arguments of Stephen F. Cohen, Timothy J. Colton and Richard Pipes served as the primary subject matter of this thesis, with their individual views determined by a critical analysis of the writing which each has recently done on this subject. Investigated in particular was each individuals' interpretation of the reform process, its component parts and the kind of change that was expected to be involved in any new domestic reforms. The final chapter dealing with the contemporary Soviet situation relied upon as much primary source material as possible in an attempt to provide an accurate picture of the state of affairs within the country at this time.
The results of my analysis indicate that Richard Pipes' interpretations and conclusions do not receive much support from either Soviet history or the contemporary situation within the country. His one dimensional view of Soviet elite interests and his "crisis/reform" theory of Soviet reform were found to be generally unsubstantiated. Stephen Cohen's arguments, on the other hand, received a good deal of support, especially with regards to his emphasis on the probability of moderate change and the existence of reformist and conservative constituencies within the Soviet Union, constituencies which do appear to have been involved in the domestic reform process. At the same time, however, the terminology which he employed to describe the reform process was found to be somewhat problematic. Timothy Colton's arguments, finally, were also found to have a good deal of efficacy, especially with respect to his view of the country's new generation of political leadership and the role that it would play in the reform process. In conclusion, the new domestic reform program itself was found to be indicative of generally moderate economic and political change, change that was embraced for the moat part by a good segment of the new leadership, but which had found significant resistance at the lower levels of the bureaucracy and among the working class.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
15
Putzel, James. "The politics of agrarian reform in the Philippines : US pressures and domestic conflict." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335022.
Повний текст джерела
16
Deering, Joseph A. "Analyzing the beyond welfare reform initiative : a theoretical policy analysis approach /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9904840.
Повний текст джерела
17
Counsell, Fiona Ann. "Domestic religion in seventeenth century English Gentry Households." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7875/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This research focuses on domestic religion: those activities through which everyday devotion and the worship of God were performed. It encompasses both the daily communal practices of family religion (prayer, psalm singing, catechising and sermon repetition) and the personal devotions of individuals (prayer, mediation and self-examination) in domestic space. It also considers the extraordinary religious practices of preparation for communion, days of fasting and humiliation, and the experience of sickness and death. The textuality of domestic religion is highlighted in a chapter on reading and writing. The published prescriptive advice is related to the reality of lived experience as revealed through the archives of seventeenth century families, most significantly those of the Harleys of Brampton Bryan in Herefordshire. Domestic religion was a highly complex contiguous cycle of enmeshed interrelated practices. The links were not only between domestic practices but also with public worship. A related theme challenges the supposed interiority of Protestant, and more particularly Puritan, piety, as it highlights the sociable nature of domestic religion. Domestic religion provides a useful lens throughout to explore consensus and division in seventeenth century religious politics and culture. The domestic religion was vital in the construction and projection of family identity.
18
Hoeffken, Jana Ulrike. "Competition provisions in EU regional trade agreements : consequences for domestic reform in developing countries." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3588/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Political economy research has long argued that regional trade agreements (RTAs) can contribute to domestic reform in developing countries. With the increase in scope and depth of regional trade agreements and the increasingly common practice of including new policy areas like competition policy in RTAs, this argument has gained new traction. However, despite the increased scholarly interest, there is still little knowledge about whether and how provisions in RTAs affect domestic change. This thesis contributes to this line of research by analysing how competition provisions in regional trade agreements between the European Union and Southern countries impact on the development of the Southern competition regimes. By combining different theories and research approaches on how regional trade agreements impact domestic reform, the analytical framework provides a detailed account on the type of change that takes place, the mechanisms through which change occurs, and the different types of actors that participate in this process. The research relies on two case studies: the EU-Morocco Association Agreement on the one hand, and the EU-Cariforum Economic Partnership Agreement on the other. The thesis finds that competition provisions in regional trade agreements were relevant in both cases for the development of competition regimes. However, the findings also suggest that the influence of the competition provisions is contingent on two other factors: the surrounding environment in which the regional trade agreement is embedded, and the presence of domestic actors that are willing to promote reform. The fact that the competition provisions in the EU-Morocco trade agreement were embedded in the European Neighbourhood Policy and, importantly, that a follow-up regional trade agreement with the European Union was envisaged for the future, implied that the EU had a stronger leverage to demand change from the Moroccan government. Moreover, in both Morocco and Cariforum, the interest of governments in advancing competition policy reform was limited. Therefore, domestic actors other than the government played a key role in ensuring that the competition provisions had an impact on the development of the respective competition regimes. In sum, the thesis makes an important theoretical and empirical contribution to the literature. First, it empirically adds to the literature that looks at the consequences of competition provisions in regional trade agreements by making in-depths analyses of two trade agreements. Second, it develops the literature on the impact of regional trade agreements on domestic reform by explaining how competition provisions can have an impact on domestic reform, even in situations when the government is not interested. Finally, it also contributes to the literature by showing the importance of serial trade agreements for domestic reform, an aspect that has previously been overlooked.
19
Martelli, Angelo. "Essays on the political economy of employment polarisation : global forces and domestic institutions." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3719/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis investigates the political economy of employment polarization focusing on the implications of this phenomenon along three main research fronts. The first paper follows a methodology which resembles closely the one adopted by Goos, Manning and Salomons (2014), however it further extends this framework by testing the joint effect of routinization and labour market institutions on employment structures. The evidence provided suggests that the claim of a pervasive technology-induced polarization should be revised in order to comprise a role for the institutional component. The second paper explores whether job polarization has a feedback effect on labour market institutions and policies, so that different degrees of polarization lead to different articulations of institutions at the domestic level, thus reinforcing or altering differences in national models across the European space. The analysis finds that the job polarization experienced by a particular country in the 5 years before a reform instance is consistently among the strongest predictors of reform activity, as significant as other drivers such as GDP growth and government net debt. Moreover, a higher degree of polarization tends to be associated with more deregulation and a decrease in the generosity of the policy measure. The empirical framework is also tested against more conventional taxonomies of welfare capitalism revealing that LMEs tend to harness job polarization dynamics whereas CMEs are incompatible with job polarization which destabilizes the system leading to an increased need for reforms. The final paper asks whether the U-shaped impact on the wage distribution predicted by the job polarization literature has actually materialized in Europe. The findings show that job polarization increased upper-tail inequality (90/50) and decreased lower-tail (50/10) inequality but that employment protection legislation restrained the wage effects.
20
Acciari, Louisa. "Paradoxes of subaltern politics : Brazilian domestic workers' mobilisations to become workers and decolonise labour." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2018. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3839/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis investigates the possibilities and forms of subaltern politics through an empirical study of Brazilian domestic workers' mobilisations. Domestic work, often described as a legacy of slavery in Brazil, is characterised by the intersection of gender, race and class matrices of oppression, which makes domestic workers a subaltern group. As a result of their subaltern status and characterisation as 'non-standard' workers they are expected to be harder, or even impossible, to organise and represent. Yet, Brazilian domestic workers have been organising since 1936; they formed their own autonomous trade unions, and won partial recognition in 2015 when the Brazilian Congress approved a law extending basic labour rights to them. Thus, my thesis examines how this subaltern group has been able to organise, and argues that instead of considering subalternity as an impediment to collective action it should be understood as a potential resource for mobilisation. I have identified three paradoxes of subaltern politics. First, I show how the professional identity 'domestic worker' is both necessary for political recognition in the Brazilian corporatist state, but also rejected, as it re-inscribes domestic workers into the raced-gendered power relations they want to challenge. Furthermore, I find that while the intersecting nature of their oppression is what has constructed domestic workers as a subaltern group, it has also enabled the formation of broad-based alliances with women, black and workers' movements, thereby turning subalternity into a resource for collective action. Finally, domestic workers have used their perceived vulnerability to force recognition from the Brazilian state, yet, this has led to a paternalistic mode of recognition and a certain demobilisation of the domestic workers' local unions. As domestic workers gained partial recognition as workers, they were also forced into an industrial relations model that did little to respond to the complex and multi-sided forms of oppressions they face, posing new challenges to their modes of organising.
21
Anderson, Julette N. "Effects of Education on Victims of Domestic Violence." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/345.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The purpose of this project was to improve support for victims of domestic violence. To that end, this project developed an evidence-based program to provide information about domestic violence including safe and confidential ways to seek assistance, rights as cohabiting intimate partners, and the resources available to community members. Several approaches were used to develop, validate, and plan for implementation and evaluation of this program, which was developed for 3 sites in Broward and Miami-Dade counties where the project is situated. The program logic model and the social ecological model, including the individual, relationship, community, and societal levels, were used to guide this project. In addition, scholarly works from 2000 to 2013 were selected from ProQuest, CINAHL, Ebscohost, Medline, and Ovid Nursing Journals to develop this program in collaboration with an interdisciplinary team of 7 community stakeholders including a physician, advanced practice nurse, law enforcement officer, pastor, and 3 recovery center directors with knowledge in these areas. Content validation involved incorporating feedback from the project team. The target population for the project includes women and men aged 18 or higher who have experienced domestic violence, homelessness, and drug addiction. Community operationalization of the initiative will be facilitated by implementation and evaluation plans developed as part of this project. The project includes community education that may help organize events and campaigns, increase domestic violence awareness among community members, and influence policy regarding issues pertaining to domestic violence.
22
El, Mughrabi Marei A. "An exploration of the impact of international and domestic factors on economic reform programmes in Libya 1987-2004." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2005. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/1937/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis seeks to explore the changes of the Libyan economy, which began in the mid-1980s. The core of this research is to examine the influence of these changes on the course of the state and the implementation of the economic reform programmes. The relevant theoretical literature is based upon the relationship between the international and internal factors leading up the economic reform. The globalisation and state power are reviewed. The theory of rentier state and also the discussion of the most relevant aspects of the privatisation process were considered. The contribution of the thesis is its sustained analysis of the Libyan economic policies and, more importantly, its response to the neglect of the international and domestic influences of the economic reform process particularly in oil states. In addition, the literature on Libya and its structural and economic reform suffers from a lack of theoretically-grounded analysis. The methodology of this study is based upon combination of both interviews and questionnaires seemed the ideal methods in examining the economic reform and the privatisation programmes. The documentary research was also an important element for this study. In order to identify the determinants of the changes of the Libyan economy and the implementation process, it employs a variety of Libyan official documents and economic data. In general the study reveals that the relationship and the interaction between the international and domestic factors is extremely vital to understand the economic reform and privatisation programmes in Libya. Despite the significance of the international arena, its impacts are mitigated through the domestic context. Moreover, the previous state policies, the role of the state institutions and the interaction between the state apparatus and the Libyan society are important in understanding the Libyan economy.
23
Morrison, Samantha Claire. "An examination of the familial homicide offence created by section 5 of the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 and proposals for reform." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42923.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis examines the criminal offence of familial homicide created by section 5 of the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004. This offence imposes liability on the defendant if he either caused or allowed the death of the victim, and it does not have to be shown which of these alternatives applies. The offence was created to respond to a loophole in the law under which if it could not be proven which of the defendants killed the victim, or that they were acting together to cause death, they could be acquitted. However, the offence created issues of its own. This thesis builds on the positive aspects of the offence in terms of convicting culpable defendants whilst addressing its weaknesses and the issues it creates for underlying criminal theory. The thesis discusses the theory regarding causation, omissions, mens rea, and accessorial liability which are all affected by the new offence. It also considers domestic violence as it is prevalent within this context. The two main changes to the law proposed by this thesis relate to causation and omissions liability. A more gradated law of causation is necessary, and thus a theory of direct and indirect causation is advanced. It also argues that a new personal association duty is needed, expanding the traditional exceptions to omissions liability. Regarding accessorial liability, this thesis argues that in situations where it is unclear who kills the victim and who allows his death, the familial homicide offence which blurs the distinction between the parties is appropriate because it ensures that culpable defendants are no longer escaping liability. However, where the role of each party is clear the law needs to be reformed. This thesis proposes, that the current approach towards mens rea and domestic violence should remain unchanged.
24
Shahid, Ayesha. "Silent voices, untold stories : women domestic workers in Pakistan and their struggle for empowerment." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2430/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This is a socio-legal study about law, empowerment and access to justice for women domestic workers in Pakistan. There are no official statistics available on the number of women working in this informal employment sector, neither are there any in-depth research studies carried out on the subject of women in domestic service in Pakistan. Therefore this exploratory study attempts to fill the gap in existing literature by providing information about the profile, nature, working and living conditions of women domestic workers. It provides a starting point towards an understanding of the situation of women in domestic service by listening to their voices and lived experiences. By using feminist legal perspectives, Islamic perspectives on woinen's work and legal pluralism, the present study questions the efficacy of law as a tool for empowering women domestic workers in their struggle against exploitative treatment in the workplace. Grounded theory methodology is followed to collect empirical data about domestic service in Pakistan. Semi-structured group and individual interviews have been carried out at four sites in Karachi and Peshawar, Pakistan. A few case studies have also been included to substantiate some of the major themes arising during fieldwork. Listening to voices of women in domestic service has provided an opportunity to uncover the hidden lives of women domestic workers who work in the privacy of homes. The present study also explores the nature of domestic service, dynamics of employer-employee relations and complexities of class, gender and multiple identities impacting on these relationships. The study finally argues that in the presence of plural legal frameworks formal law alone cannot empower women in domestic service. Therefore for an effective implementation of law it is equally pertinent to look into non-legal strategies so that access to justice can be made possible for these women.
25
Gilbertson, Alice Marie Sorenson. "The hidden ones female leadership in the nineteenth-century educational reform movement and in sentimental-domestic fiction, 1820-1870 /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1994. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9500705.
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26
Kostka, Phillip M. Jr. ""We Have a Longstanding Critical Problem…All Right?": The Promotion of Domestic Crisis in President Obama's Health Care Rhetoric." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32673.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Shortly after his inauguration in 2009, President Barack Obama set to work on health care reform. Little more than a year later the President signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which achieved a goal of so many previous administrations, into law. In order to encourage the passage of health care reform, Obama promoted a health care crisis in America. This study examines the President's rhetoric surrounding the health care crisis in order to explore the characteristics of a potential sub-genre of presidential discourse—domestic promoted crisis. Textual analysis of the President's remarks on health care revealed five strategies used in order to promote this crisis to the American people and encourage legislation to resolve it. In addition to characteristics, the concept of promotion of crises is discussed.Master of Arts
27
Thomas, Carol. "Domestic labour and the capitalist mode of production : a theoretical and historical analysis." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36690/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In advanced capitalist economies, a considerable proportion of society's labour-power is expended in the performance of unpaid labour in the household. The domestic labour per formed in the homes of the working class, mainly but not exclusively by women, is the subject of this thesis. Part One deals with theoretical questions concerning the existence and nature of domestic labour as a form of production. In it I attempt to develop a Marxist, that is, a historical materialist, analysis of domestic labour that suffers neither from functionalism nor idealism. To a great extent, new theoretical analyses grow out of the critique of already existing ones. The chapters in Part One reflect this: I present a political economy of domestic labour and an analysis of it's historical origin in the context of a critique of both Materialist Feminist theory and the Domestic Labour Debate. Part Two contains three studies in the historical development of domestic labour in 19th and 20th century Britain. Three themes are present throughout: the changing nature of the domestic labour process and the means of production employed; the relationship between working class struggle and the development of household labour; the relationship between the development of domestic labour and the social position of women. My analysis is based on the study of Marxist political economy and secondary source research into the history of wor king class household labour. It's originality lies principally in it's method of approach. To date, studies of domestic labour have generally suffered from theoretical or empirical exclusivity. The development of a detailed and rounded historical materialist analysis through the interaction of historical and theoretical research sets this thesis apart from contributions to the Domestic Labour Debate and other studies in the household labour studies tradition. This approach has led to new conclusions in relation to the political economy, the historical origin, and the historical development, of domestic labour.
28
Montgomery, Rebecca. "Gender, race, class and the politics of reform in the New South : women and education in Georgia, 1890-1930 /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9953883.
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29
Du, Jie. "The politics of engendering the policy process : case studies of two campaigns in China - the anti domestic violence campaign and equal retirement age campaign." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/546/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of my thesis is to investigate the politics of the civil society organizations in policy advocacy for gender equality in China. It adopts an agency-oriented approach to illustrate how women civil society organizations of various kinds actively negotiated gender interests in policy change within limited space and access. Through two advocacy activities, I seek to understand why the desired outcomes were different in these two cases by identifying the variables that either hindered or enhanced the realization of their goals. I focus on two policy issues, namely the equal retirement age in the development of the Civil Servant Law (2005) and domestic violence in the revision of the Marriage Law (2001) and the Women’s Law (2005). These two cases are of interest because the actors of the CSOs involved in advocating policy change met with different success in their efforts. In the case of domestic violence issues, the women’s organizations were able to bring about a change. In the case of the retirement age issue, however, the women’s federation was unable to bring about any desired change. The assumed variables include legitimacy, leadership, organizational forms, organizational learning and sources of funds. These conditioning factors are drawn from previous scholarship in civil society, public policy and social movements. I integrate these factors into a pentagon shaped framework that serves as a road map to guide my discussion throughout the thesis. The theoretical purpose of this study is to enrich understanding of the conditioning factors that are responsible for the results of CSO advocacy in China. On the other hand, it also contains a practical purpose, namely to provide implications for civil society actors seeking to influence policy process in China.
30
Nuyken, Mark E. "Between domestic constraints and multilateral obligations : the reform of the Bundeswehr in the context of a normalised German foreign and security policy." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/6511.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis seeks to understand the developments in Germany’s foreign and security policy since the end of the Cold War. Primarily, this thesis will centre on the question of whether Germany can now, after being re-unified for more than 20 years, be considered a normal actor in international relations. Although this subject has been debated extensively, the effects a possible change in foreign policy behaviour has on related fields of policy, have largely been left aside. This thesis therefore sets out to understand if there has in fact been a change in Germany’s foreign and security policy and will then apply the findings on the institution most affected by this change, i.e. Germany’s armed forces the Bundeswehr. It will therefore firstly discuss the perceived changes in German foreign policy since 1990 by analysing the academic debate on the process of normalisation and continuation. It will be argued that Germany has in fact become more normal and abandoned the constrained foreign policy of the Cold-War-era. The Bundeswehr will therefore have to be reformed accordingly to accommodate the new tasks set out by the changed foreign policy – most importantly peacekeeping and peace-enforcing out-of-area missions. This thesis will therefore analyse the reform efforts made over the last 20 years and apply them to the Bundeswehr’s large deployments in Kosovo and Afghanistan to determine how effective the reforms have been. Finally, this thesis will be able to contribute to the discussion on Germany’s status of a normal player in international relations with the added perspective from the Bundeswehr’s point of view.
31
Ferguson, Cody J. "Increasing Effectiveness of U.S. Counterintelligence: Domestic and International Micro-Restructuring Initiatives to Mitigate." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2012.
Знайти повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Cyberespionage is a prolific threat that undermines the power projection capacity of the United States through reduced economic prowess and a narrowing of the technical advantage employed by the American military. International attempts to limit hostile cyber activity through the development of institutions, normative patterns of behavior, or assimilation of existing laws do not provide the American national security decision maker with a timely or effective solution to address these threats. Unfortunately, the stove-piped, redundant and inefficient nature of the U.S. counterintelligence community does not deliver a viable alternative to mitigating cyberespionage in an effective manner. Instituting a domestic and international micro-restructuring approach within the Department of Defense (DoD) addresses the need for increased effectiveness within an environment of fiscal responsibility. Domestic restructuring places emphasis on developing a forcing mechanism that compels the DoD counterintelligence services to develop joint approaches for combating cyberespionage by directly addressing the needs of the Combatant Commands. International restructuring places an emphasis on expanding cybersecurity cooperation to like-minded nations and specifically explores the opportunity and challenges for increased cyber cooperation with Taiwan. This approach recognizes that Taiwan and the United States are both negatively affected from hostile cyber activity derived from within the People’s Republic of China.
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Rossello-Roig, M. "Essays on the spillovers of the household environment on childhood development : domestic violence, health and education, and maternal working hours on children's wellbeing." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/19371/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis contains three chapters that each study the spillover effects of two aspects of the child's household environment, Domestic Violence (chapter one and two) and Maternal Working Hours (chapter three). The first chapter looks at Children's Health, the second at Education Outcomes and the third looks at children's Well-Being. Understanding what influences a child's early development is of paramount importance as it explains future job market performance and success in life in general. All chapters exploit the data set UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), a longitudinal survey following around 19,000 children born in the UK in 2000-01. The first chapter studies the effect of Domestic Violence on children's health production function. We use waves 4 and 5 of the MCS, when children are aged 7 and 11, respectively. We find that there is a strong negative externality of living in a household where there is violence on children's parental-assessed health outcomes. Simultaneity between the child's health and the existence of Domestic Violence in the household makes it diffcult to establish a causal relationship, so we use an instrumental approach to address the potential bias caused by this. In particular, our results show that children exposed to Domestic Violence appear to be between 55% and 61% less likely to have their health rated as Excellent. Our results are robust and statistically significant across all specifications. Our paper not only sheds light on the negative impact of Domestic Violence on children's health but provides a robust quantification of this effect. This chapter is co-authored with Prof. Jofre-Bonet and Dr. Serra-Sastre. The second chapter studies the spillover effect on children's educational attainment of living in a household in which mothers are subject to Domestic Violence. To do so, we exploit measurements of the child's educational performance in English, Science, Mathematics, Physical Education, Creativity, and Information and Technology by the age of 7 and 11, available in the MCS. Our results suggest that growing up in a household where there is Domestic Violence has a negative impact on all educational outcomes. Our results are robust and hold when addressing several potential sources of sample selection bias. Children from domestically abused mothers lose around 0.20 standard deviations in English and 0.30 standard deviations in Mathematics scores at an age as early as 11 years. The cumulative negative effect is heterogenous across academic areas, being more pronounced for those subjects where past knowledge acquisition is essential (i.e., Mathematics and Science). This chapter is co-authored with Prof. Jofre-Bonet and Dr. Serra-Sastre. The third chapter investigates how maternal working status is connected to children's well-being at ages 7 and 11. The rapid increase of female participation in the labour market, along with the impact that well-being levels during childhood has on their psychological development and labour market outcomes later in adulthood, calls for a closer examination of this topic. To do so, we also exploit the MCS, which contains a very complete set of children's well-being outcomes and the intensity of the engagement of mothers with the labour market. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to use such a full array of children's well-being indicators and relate it to maternal labour supply. Our results show that in households in which mothers work fulltime, children are, on average, happier, less worried, as well as less likely to lose their temper. Further, we investigate whether child obesity, which has been related to children's well-being, is associated to the mother's working hours, the mother's commuting time and the father's employment status. We find that higher the number of working hours of the mother increases the likelihood of the child being obese at 7 and 11 years of age, in line with previous literature. This chapter is co-authored with Prof. Jofre-Bonet and Dr. Serra-Sastre.
33
Matevski, Daniel. "Arbete och utanförskap : RUT-arbetares upplevelse av eget inflytande och inklusion." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-139413.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The premises of the Swedish tax deduction for domestic services (RUT) could in part be said to be based upon the assumption that formal employment will lead to social and gender equality. But is this always the case? The purpose of this paper is to examine ways in which the experience of influence and inclusion has been affected by formal employment amongst women from migrant backgrounds working in the Swedish domestic service sector. This group could be described as one of the more disadvantaged in society. To what extent do they experience an increased sense of influence and inclusion due to their work? Using a feminist, intersectional approach based on gender, social class and ethnicity, the experiences of these women have been analysed in order to answer the research question. Unlike related, previous research, this paper is based on a best-case scenario. Yet it still reveals a limited experience of influence and inclusion amongst women from migrant backgrounds. Working in the Swedish domestic service sector hasn’t affected their experience to any greater extent. Although the RUT employment can be said to strengthen these women’s resources in various ways, for instance by coming to the conclusion that you won’t be satisfied with poor working conditions, which in turn can lead to trade union membership, the opposite is also present. Negative assumptions about the capabilities of domestic workers and the exhausting nature of the work act as barriers. The combined experience can therefore be described as limited. If the purpose is to increase social and gender equality by affecting these women’s experience of influence and inclusion, there are other, more efficient ways, than RUT employment, to do it.
34
Larsson, Malin. "Barnets bästa? : en kritisk diskursanalys om hur tingsrätten resonerar kring uppgifter om pappans våld mot mamman i vårdnadstvister." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke högskola, Institutionen för socialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-8831.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Syftet med studien är att bidra med kunskap kring hur diskurser konkurrerar om vad som är barns bästa och hur dessa styr tingsrättens beslut vid vårdnadstvister när det finns uppgifter om pappans våld mot mamma och eventuellt barn. Det empiriska materialet utgick ifrån 14 domar där det fanns uppgifter om pappans våld inom familjen. Tingsrätten hade som uppgift att döma huruvida vårdnaden skulle vara gemensam eller ensam för föräldrarnas gemensamma barn. Studien är kvalitativ och Norman Faircloughs diskursanalys används både som teori och metod tillsammans med socialkonstruktionism, med betoning på genus som social konstruktion. Resultatet i studien visar på två diskurser som tingsrätten motiverar sina beslut utifrån, där båda syftar till att argumentera eller göra trovärdigt vad som är för barnets bästa. I ”behovsdiskursen” betonas vikten av en god och nära relation till båda föräldrarna, emedan ”riskdiskursen” betonar risken för att barnet kan fara illa. Dessa två diskurser påverkar domstolens syn på föräldrarnas samarbete, vilket i sin tur påverkar tingsrättens beslut om gemensam respektive ensam vårdnad. Även på vilket sätt tingsrätten tar upp våldet och benämner våldet påverkas också utifrån vilken av de två diskurserna som råder. Inom behovsdiskursen bedömdes samarbetet som tillräckligt bra vid minsta möjliga tecken på att föräldrarna kunde enas i olika gemensamma beslut rörande barnet, vilket resulterade i gemensam vårdnad. Uppgifter om våld från pappan omformulerades eller omnämndes aldrig, vilket gjorde att våldet inom behovsdiskursen förminskades och fick en underordnad betydelse. Inom riskdiskursen bedömdes det svåra samarbetet mellan föräldrarna utgöra en risk för att barnet skulle fara illa, vilket gjorde att utfallet här blev ensam vårdnad. Inom riskdiskursen synliggjordes och problematiserades våldet i mycket högre grad.The purpose of the study is to contribute with knowledge about how discourses compete for what is in the best interests of the child and how these govern the district court's decisions in custody disputes when there is information about the father's violence against the mother and any children. The empirical material was based on 14 judgments where there was information about the father's violence within the family. The district court's task was to judge whether custody should be joint or single for the parents' common children. The study is qualitative and Norman Fairclough's discourse analysis is used both as a theory and method together with social constructionism with emphasis on a gender perspective as an additional theory. The results of the study show two discourses from which the district court justifies its decisions, there both aim to argue or make credible what is in the best interests of the child. The “Discourse of needs” emphasizes the importance of a good and close relationship with both parents, while the “Discourse of risk” emphasizes the risk that the child may be harmed. The court's reasoning regarding the parents' cooperation is affected by which of the two discourses prevails. The way in which they address the violence and denominates it violence is also affected on the basis of the discourse on which the court is based. Violence tended to be deminished in both discourses, however, it became clear within the discourse of needs.
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Kinuthia, Wanyee. "“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30170.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
36
Nguyen, Kim Ha. "Domestic services: Employer-employee relationships under economic reforms in urban Vietnam." 2007. http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=742186&T=F.
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37
Nataraj, Geethanjali. "Impact of foreign trade policy reforms on domestic welfare in India: An empirical study." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/2050.
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38
Wen-KaiHsieh and 謝文凱. "How China's economic reforms will affect trends in the domestic stock market: Evidence from the Shenzhen stock market." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3sy467.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立成功大學
企業管理學系
102
This research discusses the impact on the trading volume of the Shenzhen Stock Market under United States Monetary Supply, Japanese Monetary Supply, Chinese Fiscal and Monetary Policy and recent events in China. It also investigates whether the Chinese Fiscal and Monetary policy, Quantitative easing, or Abenomics are the factors that influence the trading volume of the Shenzhen stock market. In this study, ordinary least squares is used for the regression analysis. The dependent variable is the daily trading volume of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The independent variables are government revenue, government spending, exchange rate, benchmark one - year loan rate, required deposit reserve ratio,Chinese money supply M2, U.S. money supply M2, Japanese money supply M2, and the Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate. The dummy variables, which are policy for limitation in stock investment, China Pilot Free Trade Zone, initial public offerings, and the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. It was found that the exchange rates, the monetary policy, and the Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate have significant negative impacts on trading volume. The findings explain why during the cash crunch on China’s money storage, misuse of funds caused insufficient liquidity in the market fund. Therefore, even though the government increased the monetary supply, it still could not stimulate the stock market efficiently. The planning on government taxes and the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone have been found to have a positive impact on trading volume, which means that as long as there are reformations on tax policies, this may attract more enterprises and foreigners to invest in China. The China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone has not only increased the development in nearby districts and other free trade zones, but also has generated international trade and attracted foreign investment. The monetary supply from the U.S. and Japan have been found to have a positive effect on the trading volume in China (PRC) but not at a significant level. The economic indication is that regardless of whether the no matter there are increasing or decreasing in the future QE or Abenomics, there it will be would hard difficult to affect the economic structure of China (PRC).
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Bista, Deepen. "The role of Domestic and International determinants of Ukraine’s lack of Progress in the process of transition (1991-2017)." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3707.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Failure of Ukraine's transition and the emergence of Euromaidan and Ukrainian Crisis 2013/14 was not only the challenge and problem of Ukraine alone. But it has challenged the European Union (EU) foreign policy mechanism, the strategies of bilateral agencies like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and even the foreign policy and international leadership of the USA.
Thus the proposed research analyses various economic reforms and political situation in Ukraine from 1991 to 2017. This will enable in finding the response to the question of whether the economic reform programs and political leadership of Ukraine were able to provide leverage for transition or failed to do so, as well as the influence of domestic and international determinants in the process of transition of Ukraine. The study attempts to analyse the economic and political behavior of Ukrainian government in regards to the different political changes that have occurred in Ukraine since 1991 to 2017 and support provided by the international institutions for its transition.
The focus of this study, on one hand, is the experience of the economy in transition and the problems it had encountered, and on the other hand is to examine how the internal political leadership, economic reforms, and international determinants affected the process of transition. The subject of research is interesting because it involves dealing with multiple determinants that interact with each other during the whole process of transition.Niepowodzenie procesu transformacji Ukrainy, Euromajdan oraz pogłębiający się kryzys ukraiński w latach 2013/14 był nie tylko wyzwaniem i problemem samej Ukrainy. Zakwestionowany został również mechanizm polityki zagranicznej Unii Europejskiej (UE), strategie dwustronnych agencji, takich jak Międzynarodowy Fundusz Walutowy (MFW), a nawet polityka zagraniczna i międzynarodowe przywództwo USA. Celem niniejszej rozprawy doktorskiej jest analiza różnych reform gospodarczych, jak również ocena sytuacji politycznej na Ukrainie w latach 1991–2017. Umożliwi to znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy program reform gospodarczych i przywództwo polityczne Ukrainy były w wystarczające aby skutecznie przeprowadzić proces transformacji czy też nie, jak również jaki był wpływ krajowych i międzynarodowych uwarunkowań w procesie transformacji Ukrainy. W badaniu podjęto próbę analizy wysiłków ekonomicznych i politycznych rządu ukraińskiego w odniesieniu do zmian politycznych, które zaszły na Ukrainie w latach 1991–2017, oraz wsparcia udzielonego przez instytucje międzynarodowe w jego przemianę. Badanie skupia się z jednej strony na doświadczeniach gospodarki w okresie przejściowym i napotkanych problemach, a z drugiej strony ma za zadanie określić, w jaki sposób wewnętrzne przywództwo polityczne, reformy gospodarcze i uwarunkowania międzynarodowe wpłynęły na proces transformacji. Przedmiot badań jest interesujący, ponieważ obejmuje radzenie sobie z wieloma determinantami, które współdziałają ze sobą podczas całego procesu transformacji.
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Manurung, Jadi Haposan. "Investor Protection in the Indonesian Securities Market: Fact or Fiction?" Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42316/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The improvement of investor protection systems is increasingly becoming a major concern of the financial sector in almost all jurisdictions because investors play a significant role in sustaining the activities of the securities market. With the enactment of its Capital Market Law, Indonesia has developed a rule and principles-based system to protect investors. However, the purpose of an investor protection system is not merely to provide regulations, ensure market supervision, and law enforcement, but also to provide investors with mechanisms for effective and efficient financial dispute resolution. Moreover, most research on investor protection systems has focused on the issue of compliance with disclosure requirements by public listed companies and issuers. In addition, previous studies of investor protection systems have been concerned with the governance of market institutions and licensed entities when implementing rules and regulations in the securities market. Neither scholars nor practitioners have paid much attention to seeking the means by which disputes between retail investors and license entities can be responded to and resolved quickly and effectively.
This study aims to investigate whether the existing Indonesian domestic laws and regulations effectively meet the requirements of securities investments in Indonesia. Another objective of this research is to scrutinise the regulatory framework of the Indonesian financial sectors. The study assessed the feasibility of introducing law reforms in the Indonesian securities market and establishing financial dispute resolution mechanisms in the financial sectors, including the securities market, according to the Financial Services Law.
For the purposes of this study, we conducted an extensive review of the literature, the publicly available reports, and the documents pertaining to the investor protection system. We also examined the domestic and international norms, regulations and legislations related to investor protection mechanisms in the financial services sectors. This study has drawn on the empirical experiences and best practices of other jurisdictions in implementing protective measures for retail investors. This research involves several forms of investigations and methods, namely regulatory reviews, informal group discussions, and lessons-learned. The thesis found that the implementation of a financial dispute resolution mechanism in the Indonesia financial services sectors, including the securities market is essential given the failure of the judiciary system in Indonesia in providing legal certainty and better enforcements, especially for retail investors. Further, the regulator needs to establish a close relationship with other enforcement institutions in order to make better decisions in legal proceedings to benefit investors. To address the current shortfall in regulations relevant to the securities market and investor protection system, the study finds that Indonesia needs supports from international paradigms and best practices in order to develop an effective investor protection system.
41
Hopcroft, RB. "Domestic violence." Thesis, 1985. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/17410/1/whole-hopcroft-thesis-1985.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
While concern about the plight of victims of
family violence was influential in selecting this area
for study, my concern extends to all situations where
differential treatment by the legal system either
directly or indirectly deprives a class or category of
victims of equal access to the law to their ultimate
detriment.
The thesis took, as a starting point, homicide and
serious assault: Those statistics which gave the sex and
relationship of victim and aggressor, concluded that
such violence was more likely to be perpetrated by an
acquaintance than a stranger, a nd that the aggressors
were overwhelmingly male.
Given that the law governing assault makes no
distinction based on marital status, (other than an
indecent assault charge in an instance of marital rape),
the hypothesis was that procedurally the entire legal
system operated in a manner that distinguished assaults
on the basis of whether such assaults occurred between
intimates or strangers.
In other words, one law would be implemented
differentially and consistently over time and in
relation to a certain class of victims so that a pattern
would emerge.
Rather than the whole spectrum of family violence,
the focus was on spouse-assault and the factors
prohibiting victims of spouse-assault from receiving the same protection that the law on assault theoretically
gives all citizens.This differential treatment, based
on marital status and the relationship of victim and aggressor, is viewed both as discriminatory and ultimately disadvantageous to the victim, their spouse, their children and to the wider society.
The domestic violence law reforms in other jurisdictions are analysed. The conclusion is that only distinct domestic violence law reforms, with more appropriate sanctions and efficacious enforcement procedures and support services, will begin to afford the domestic violence victim some measure of protection.
The problem of domestic violence is not seen simply in the context of a failure of the legal system to adequately respond to spouse assaults, but as a pervasive problem embedded in the values of the wider society. Social support services are often inert or operate in a manner antithetical to the victim's interests.
The thesis contains a number of recommendations intended to give some structure and indicate principles upon which any future Tasmanian domestic violence law reforms could be based. While the thesis was limited to spouse-assault, the law reforms proposed are gender neutral, they apply to all who suffer violence, harassment and abuse and who require the law's protection to restrain the offender.
42
HUNG, YI-YEN, and 洪苡宴. "On Evaluation of Domestic labor insurance annuity reform." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7fa92r.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士逢甲大學
商學專業碩士在職學位學程
106
The social security system of the welfare state is organized to ensure that the economic security of the elderly is guaranteed on a regular basis through the social insurance system, so that the people will be free from the poverty and deprivation of old age and the sharing of risks. However, in the face of the global population aging and declining birthrate in the 21st century, all countries are actively seeking solutions. China’s old-age economic security model adopts the Bismarck model which is a discrete system. These years, the Annuity Reform of the military and military education has been completed one after another, affecting the number of people. The reform of the labor insurance annuity reform with the most equity has also been passed and has yet to be considered by the Legislative Yuan. From the welfare countries of Germany, the United States, Japan, and Sweden, we discovered that the trend of reform was to adjust insurance premiums, extend the retirement age, and reduce the rate of substitution. In order to ensure that the annuity system is flexible and sustainable, there are still relevant measures. The complex issue of the labor insurance system in China is even more foreign. It suggests that in addition to drawing lessons from foreign reform trends and directions, it should also improve the labor market itself, increase labor participation rates, resolve low-paying structures, introduce gradual retirement, and then collaborate with the long-term. Career support measures and the mentality of upgrading the concept of national wealth management and savings for self-determined retirement. With such a multi-pronged approach, we can effectively solve the annuity system crisis, so that the social security system can be truly sustainable development, and old-age economic security can be guaranteed.
43
YUAN, CHANG;HUNG, and 張弘遠. "Mainland China Finacial Institution Reform and Effect Accumulation of Domestic Variable Capital." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91358300480589758082.
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44
Tsaoussis-Hatzis, Aspasia. "The Greek divorce law reform of 1983 and its impact on homemakers : a social and economic analysis /." 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9978080.
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45
Wu, Gia-cheng, and 巫加成. "Studay on the domestic financial reform and competitiveness –A case of Kaohsiung Bank." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21416816006668520908.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士義守大學
管理學院碩士班
97
In recent years, the international fast-changing financial markets, especially countries in the international financial services is rapidly changing and opening up the pace more, it is not to relax and expand financial services to the business and financial liberalization, globalization has become a - future flow of the tide. Domestic Government to promote the internationalization of financial and conform world trends in financial liberalization has been lifting of land and release for the protection of banks and business norms of restrictions and the opening of new bank was established, it has made the high profit of banks , low risk business advantages don’t not exist and as a result of Taiwanese financial market scale is too small, the number of financial institutions compete with each other, mover over, with an unprecedented experience in 2008 the global financial crisis, how Taiwanese banking industry to develop countermeasures to reform and strengthen the competitiveness of their own, and it is thus an important subject of. In this study, the cases the operation of the advantages and disadvantages of Kaohsiung Bank to do with the business strategy of depth, in addition to the collection of case banks of the related data and secondary information, supplemented by interviews with the survey carried out SWOT analysis, Kaohsiung Bank summarized the strengths and weaknesses of internal competition and external opportunities and threats of competition factors. The shows that the reform of domestic financial and competition from the three dimensions are higher than 3.17 result In different gender, age, average monthly personal income was no significant differences in education level, marital differences are obvious. SWOT `in the analysis used in the discussion of the competitive strategy and is currently starting a new function of organizational transformation. And offer to the Bank of Kaohsiung''s future development direction and vision to make a view to strengthening the rapid financial innovation, to control credit risk, internal control system in an orderly manner, to reduce non-performing loans to deal with problems, improve the operating body, to enhance its global competitiveness, to reach a full range of sound financial management business integration services. Therefore, Bank of Kaohsiung will be in corporate finance and consumer finance both the two main development, from all the professional marketing group to a "concentration" competitive strategy, and from group to carry out the cause of the "personnel cost" and "the differentiated of goods and services" such as the two strategies. It can be said that the operation of the three general strategies at the same time, in different parts of the play is similar to the whole task at one stroke, the trading strategy can be described as well. The financial sectors in Taiwan are undergoing combination and consolidation between those inside or outside the industry, and advancing to take a strategic position for globalization. In such a competitive market, to increase competence and occupation rate, concepts of “client first” and “professional service” need to be introduced into their service. In the future, the field of financial competition will also extend from domestic sectors to foreign financial groups.
46
Hung, WU Tsung, and 吳宗鴻. "Research on Current Situation and Reform of Domestic Vocation School Interior Design Education." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52135997826928979213.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育研究所
91
The purpose of this research is to investigate the different phases of interior design education in our country such as faculty, facilities, curriculum and continuing study or career of graduates. Through studying relative reference and compiling the questionnaire by vocation school teachers, the goal of the thesis with reference to above investigation is as the following: 1. Analysis of the current problem and the bottleneck in our vocation school interior design education. 2. Based on the result of the research, bringing out the concrete suggestions to improve current situation of the interior design education in our vocation school. After studying the relative reference, interviewing with experts and compiling the questionnaires, this research collects the data and analyzes the suggestions of teacher to the education of interior education. Though compiling the statistics, the result is as the following: 1. The major difficulty of the vocation school interior education is divided into four problems, such as the problem of faculty, curriculum, facilities and continuing study or career of the graduates. 2. There are obvious different opinions on the continuing study and career of the graduates by the different ages of teachers. 3. There are obvious different opinions on the curriculum by the teachers with different academic background. 4. There are obvious different opinions on the problems of faculty, facilities and afterwards study or career, by the different district teachers. 5. There are obvious different opinions on the problems of faculty, facilities and afterwards study or career, by the teachers with different major or graduate school. Key words: interior design, faculty, curriculum, facilities, continuing study or career of the graduates, current situation, reform.
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Mahuku, Darlington Ngoni. "External Donors, Domestic Political Institutions and Post-Colonial Land Reform: A Comparison of Zimbabwe and Namibia." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/1858.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Student Number : 0311118P -
MA research report -
School of Social Sciences -
Faculty of ArtsLand reform in Southern Africa has attracted a lot of attention from sovereign third world government and those of developed countries. This followed the invasion of commercial farms in Zimbabwe and has a bearing on Zimbabwe’s neighbours especially Namibia and South Africa. This paper examines why governments at times adhere to land reform within the rule of law and at times does not, resulting in strained donor-government relations. A comparison of government-donor relations in Zimbabwe and Namibia is explored. The crux of the argument is that land reform is damaging when the rule of law is flouted by governments. Strained relations are a result of ineffective agencies of restraint, lack of commitment by the governments, external donors and white commercial farmers to correct land injustices that came into existence as a result of settler colonialism.
48
SAYED, Fatma El-zahraa Hassan. "International organizations and domestic policy reform : the case of basic education in Egypt in the 1990s." Doctoral thesis, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/5377.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Defence date: 4 June 2004Examining Board: Prof. Harik, Ilya (External supervisor, Indiana University) ; Prof. Mény, Yves (Co-supervisor, EUI Principal) ; Prof. Rhodes, Martin (Supervisor, EUI) ; Prof. Salamé, Ghassan (CNRS, Paris)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
49
Delport, Elizabeth. "The legal position of domestic workers in South Africa." Diss., 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17995.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Until recently, the legal position of domestic workers in South Africa could be described
as a relic of the nineteenth century, when the contract of employment and the common
law defined the employer-employee relationship.
The legal rules which regulate the relationship between the domestic worker and her
employer are examined. International labour standards and the legal position of
domestic workers in other countries are considered. Cognisance is taken of the social
phenomenon which finds domestic workers at the convergence of three lines along
which inequality is generated, namely gender, race and class. Furthermore, the unique
economic forces at play in this sector are examined.
The law will be stretched to its limits when attempting to resolve what is, essentially,
a socio-economic problem. However, the working lives of a million people are at stake.
The legislature has a constitutional, political and moral responsibility to attend to reform
in this sector as a matter of urgency.Private Law
LL.M.
50
May, Vanessa Harkins. "Working in public and in private : domestic service, women's reform, and the meaning of the middle-class home in New York City, 1870-1940 /." 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3280017.
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