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Статті в журналах з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Atoui, Ahlem, María Jesús Carabaño, Moldi Abdennebi, and Sghaier Najari. "Poids des chevreaux de la population locale Sud tunisienne dans des conditions d’aridité : impacts lors des procédures de sélection." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 74, no. 2 (June 21, 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.36375.

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La nature et la distribution des phénotypes quantitatifs représentent une connaissance de base pour l’application des méthodologies génétiques dans les plans de sélection des animaux domestiques. Afin d’illustrer l’action de facteurs non génétiques d’aridité sur la distribution phénotypique des performances individuelles de la croissance des chevreaux de la population locale élevés dans des conditions restrictives et irrégulières, 945 chevreaux issus de 285 chèvres et 19 boucs, nés durant la période 1998–2014, ont été étudiés par l’analyse des distributions des poids jusqu’à 150 jours d’âge. La dispersion des poids représentait une expression collective des génotypes des chevreaux dans les conditions de l’étude avec des variations dues à la fois aux effets génétiques et environnementaux. L’hypothèse de la normalité n’a été vérifiée qu’aux âges de 10 jours et 30 jours quand les chevreaux étaient surtout nourris sous la mère et n’étaient pas directement dépendants des ressources alimentaires du parcours aride. Durant une année défavorable, les performances enregistrées ont suivi une distribution particulière expliquée par le fait que les chevreaux performants ont été incapables d’extérioriser leur supériorité. Par conséquent, le milieu aride a réduit les performances de la population caprine locale. En outre, il a limité l’expression de quelques génotypes fortement productifs. Cette spécificité de l’action du milieu aride incite à un approfondissement indispensable pour ajuster les méthodes de sélection aux conditions des milieux restrictifs et des groupes génétiques adaptés.
2

Raheriniaina, Christian E., Z. Randriamahatody, E. Fanjara, E. Fitahia, D. Andrianasolo, H. I. Hantanirina, and L. Razanamparany. "Valorisation des sous-produits de la pêche pour l’alimentation des poulets." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 67, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10177.

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Le traitement, le conditionnement et la transformation des produits de la pêche génèrent une quantité importante de sous-produits de la pêche (SPP). Ces derniers sont constitués notamment par des têtes, des viscères, de la peau, des écailles, des arêtes, des queues, etc. A défaut d’une stratégie de valo­risation, ils sont jetés et deviennent alors source de pollution, ce qui pose un problème environnemental et sanitaire. Face à cette contrainte, l’équipe du laboratoire Valoremar de l’Ins­titut halieutique et des sciences marines a mis en oeuvre un programme de recherche étudiant la possibilité de valoriser les SPP en alimentation avicole. L’étude a été initiée en raison de la présence probable de molécules valorisables dans les SPP, notamment des protéines. Nous avons ainsi constitué la base protéique de l’alimentation des poulets avec de la farine de SPP (1), mélangée à d’autres ingrédients disponibles, sources de matières énergétiques, minéraux, vitamines…Au laboratoire, la farine a été préparée avec des sous-produits de poulpe et de calmar fournis par une société de pêche basée à Toliara, suivant le procédé de transformation rapporté par le département de la pêche de l’Organisation des Nations unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (2). Il s’agit d’un traitement thermique visant à séparer les fractions solides, huileuses et aqueuses. La farine de SPP a été produite à partir des frac­tions solides et a permis d’élaborer les rations expérimentales (1) (tableau I). L’introduction des farines de poulpe et de cala­mar s’est faite en remplaçant 50 p. 100 (lots C50 et P50) ou 100 p. 100 (lots C100 et P100) du tourteau d’arachide dans un aliment à base de son de maïs et de son de riz.Les poulets étaient des mâles de race locale d’un poids moyen de 250 g à l’entrée et de 485 g en moyenne après la quarantaine. Le test a été réalisé en station sur cinq lots de 25 poulets dont un lot témoin. Les poulets ont été élevés dans les mêmes conditions d’habitat et ont reçu leur nourriture respective de 120 g par tête par jour, en deux distributions (matin et après-midi). La crois­sance des animaux a été suivie jusqu’à 12 semaines. Un autre essai, utilisant des régimes comparables, a porté sur le transfert des techniques aux bénéficiaires. Il a été réalisé dans une ferme pilote et conduit par l’association Ezaka de Saint Augustin, dis­trict de Toliara II, région Atsimo Andrefana.Le rendement de la production de farines de SPP a été de 15 p. 100. Les farines produites étaient très riches en protéines, avec des teneurs de 60,8 p. 100 pour les sous-produits de poulpe et de 52,1 p. 100 pour ceux de calmar. Introduites dans les ali­ments composés (tableau I), les farines des sous-produits de poulpe et de calmar ont permis un gain moyen de poids quotidien allant jusqu’à 17,4 g pour le lot P100. La figure 1 montre que le poids vif des poulets des cinq lots a varié, après 12 semaines d’expérience, en fonction de la nature et de la quantité des SPP utilisés, avec des valeurs atteignant 1 943 g pour le lot P100 et 1 614 g pour le lot C100, contre 1 199 g pour le lot témoin.Dans la ferme pilote de Saint Augustin, les bénéficiaires ont uti­lisé les sous-produits des poissons (figure 2). Le poids vif final de 1 683 g pour les poulets nourris avec des aliments à base de la farine de sous-produits de poisson a été supérieur à celui du lot témoin.Cette étude montre que les SPP, existant en quantité importante sur le littoral sud-ouest de Madagascar, peuvent être valorisés. Si Toliara abonde en SPP, essentiellement des sous-produits de poulpe et de calmar générés par les sociétés de pêche, Saint Augustin génère plutôt des SPP issus des ménages ou des restau­rants. On estime par exemple que 200 tonnes par an de SPP sont générées par une société d’exportation des produits halieutiques basée à Toliara.Le transfert des techniques de valorisation des SPP aux bénéfi­ciaires a été réalisé à travers la mise en place d’une ferme pilote. Ceci permet de confirmer l’impact de l’étude dans le monde rural. Le développement de la filière avicole serait ainsi accueilli favora­blement dans cette localité en tant qu’activité générant des revenus après la pêche. Au laboratoire, l’étude d’une voie de valorisation en alimentation piscicole a attiré l’attention de l’équipe en utilisant non seulement les farines des SPP mais aussi les hydrolysats des protéines des SPP.Les auteurs remercient le Service de coopération et d´actions culturelles de l’ambassade de France à Madagascar pour l’appui financier du projet SPP.
3

PATTNAIK, DR B. SAIRAM. "Determination of Rotifer Distribution to TROPHIC NATURE OF PONDS." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/apr2014/5.

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4

Hamel, H. D., W. Stendel та H. U. Sieveking. "La distribution de la fluméthrine sur le pelage de bovins après application topicale". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 46, № 1-2 (1 січня 1993): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.9394.

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La distribution de la fluméthrine dans le pelage de bovins après application topique ("pour-on") a été déterminée par analyse chimique. La fluméthrine a été appliquée à 1 mg de substance active (s.a.) par kg de poids corporel, le long de la ligne dorsale. Il a été démontré que le produit pouvait être retrouvé dans tous les échantillons de poils prélevés de régions dorsales, latérales, ventrales et distales 1 jour après l'application, dans des concentrations allant de 670 à 1 mg de s.a. par g de poils, selon la distance du site d'application. Trois, 5 et 10 jours après l'application ces concentrations variaient respectivement de 125-1,5, 23-1 et 44-0,9 mg de s.a. Une corrélation de ces valeurs avec la surface corporelle de bovins montre qu'il y avait plus de 0,01 mg de s.a./cm2 de surface corporelle sur toutes les régions du corps et tous les jours des prélèvements. Cette quantité est suffisante pour une activité acaricide efficace, comme l'ont montré des données de laboratoire et de terrain.
5

Shams, Shefa. "Distribution of Ponds and Its Change Detection In Tehsil, Ranchi District, Jharkhand State, India." Journal of Advanced Research in Geo Sciences & Remote Sensing 10, no. 1&2 (August 8, 2023): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.3190.202303.

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6

Cathcart, Thomas P., and Frederick W. Wheaton. "Modeling temperature distribution in freshwater ponds." Aquacultural Engineering 6, no. 4 (January 1987): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8609(87)90021-5.

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7

Sambuco, J. P., R. H. R. da Costa, J. Paing, and B. Picot. "Influence of load distribution and recycle rate in step-fed facultative ponds." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0005.

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This study presents the results of research on a wastewater treatment system with four identical facultative ponds in series with step-feeding and recirculation (SFFPR). Four modes of distribution of the influent were studied, which were (in percentages of the inflow per pond): C1 = 25/25/25/25; C2 = 50/20/20/10; C3 = 50/50/0/0; C4 = 100/0/0/0. The organic loading applied to the four ponds overall was around 200 kg BOD5/ha.d. The distribution C4 = 100/0/0/0 was selected for studying the recycle rate. Three recycling rates were studied: 0.5Q, 1Q and 2Q. COD and BOD5 removal efficiencies were high whatever the step-feed distribution. For the distribution C1 and C2, the four ponds were homogeneous. The equal distribution of organic loading rate in C2 distribution was most beneficial for algal growth. For piston pattern distributions (C3 and C4), the ponds receiving the highest loading showed a bacterial biomass higher than that of the primary production. Increasing the recirculation rate seemed to lead towards homogenisation of the ponds, while a decrease appeared to lead to their individualisation and increased their productivity. The SFFPR constitutes a stage of the treatment process which can replace the facultative stage; it produces a high effluent quality and decreases land area requirements.
8

Krivolapov, Sergei Ya. "A SEQUENCE OF DISTRIBUTIONS WITH A FINITE SET OF VALUES ASYMPTOTICALLY EQUAL TO THE POISSON DISTRIBUTION." SOFT MEASUREMENTS AND COMPUTING 4, no. 65 (2023): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2023.04.005.

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A sequence of random variables X(λ,n) with parameters 0 < λ≤1, n∈N is investigated. For n→∞ X(λ,n) converges in distribution to a random variable Pois(λ) obeying Poisson's law with the parameter λ. At a fixed value n all moments of the distribution of a random variable X(λ,n) of order k≤n coincide with the moments of the distribution of Pois(λ). For the value of the parameter λ=1, the random variable X(1,n) coincides with the random variable equal to the number of «fixed» points in case of random permutations of the set of elements of power n.
9

Audoglio, Monica, Felicita Scapini, and Fulvia Campacci. "VARIATION AMONG NATURAL POPULATIONS OF TALITRUS SALTATOR (AMPHIPODA): MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS." Crustaceana 72, no. 7 (1999): 659–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854099503708.

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AbstractThe talitrid amphipod Talitrus saltator has a wide distribution along European Atlantic and Mediterranean sandy shores. Previous research had estimated genetic differences among populations with iso-enzyme electrophoresis, as well as differences in behavioural adaptation related to ecological features. In this study morphometric differences among four Mediterranean (Italian coasts) and three Atlantic (Portuguese and Welsh coasts) populations were estimated, which may give information on population dynamics and adaptability to environmental constraints. The localities chosen differed with regard to the following characteristics: sheltered/exposed shorelines, tidal/non-tidal shores, presence/absence of detritus, Atlantic/Mediterranean climate, high/low human frequentation. Samples of each population were collected in a standardized way and fresh individuals were weighed, their body lengths and eye diameters were measured, and the number of eggs in the female brood-pouches and the articles of each antenna were counted. The results were as follows: (i) an unbalanced sex ratio in each population studied, females being more abundant than males; (ii) significant differences between Mediterranean and Atlantic population groups as to weight and body length distributions, the Atlantic talitrids being larger than the Mediterranean ones; (iii) differences in eye colour, normally black in this species, but one Mediterranean and two Atlantic populations presented a certain proportion of blue-eyed individuals; (iv) right-left asymmetry of eye surface areas (right eye bigger than left one) in all populations, with one exception. The differences found among populations do not seem to follow a geographic cline, but could depend on ecological features of the localities. L'amphipode talitride Talitrus saltator a une large distribution le long des cotes sableuses de l'Atlantique europeen et de la Mediterranee. Des recherches anterieures ont evalue les differences genetiques parmi les populations par electrophorese iso-enzymatique, ainsi que les differences de comportement adaptatif en relation avec les facteurs de l'environnement. Dans cette etude, les differences morphometriques parmi quatre populations mediterraneennes (cotes italiennes) et trois populations atlantiques (cotes portugaises et galoises) ont ete evaluees, ce qui peut donner des informations sur les dynamiques de population et sur l'adaptabilite aux contraintes de l'environnement. Les localites choisies different en ce qui concerne les caracteristiques suivantes: lignes cotieres abritees/exposees, cotes a maree ou non, presence/absence de detritus, climat atlantique/mediterraneen, haute/basse frequentation humaine. Les echantillons de chaque population ont ete preleves suivant un meme standard et les individus frais ont ete peses, la longueur du corps et le diametre de l'oeil mesures, le nombre d'oeufs dans la poche incubatrice et les articles de chaque antenne comptes. Les resultats ont ete les suivants: (i) une sex ratio non equilibree dans toutes les populations etudiees, les femelles etant plus nombreuses que les males; (ii) des differences significatives entre les groupes de populations atlantiques et mediterraneens, quant a la distribution des poids et des longueurs du corps, les individus atlantiques etant plus grands que les mediterraneens; (iii) des differences dans la couleur de l'oeil, normalement noir chez cette espece, mais une population de l'Atlantique et deux de Mediterranee presentaient une certaine proportion d'individus a yeux bleus; (iv) une asymetrie droite-gauche de la surface de l'oeil (oeil droit plus gros que le gauche) dans toutes les populations, avec une exception. Les differences observees entre les populations ne semblent pas suivre un gradient geographique, mais pourraient dependre des caracteristiques ecologiques des localites.
10

Bentzen, T. R., T. Larsen, and M. R. Rasmussen. "Wind effects on retention time in highway ponds." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 11 (June 1, 2008): 1713–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.267.

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The paper presents results from an experimental and numerical study of wind-induced flows and transportation patterns in highway wet detention ponds. The study presented here is part of a general investigation on road runoff and pollution in respect to wet detention ponds. The objective is to evaluate the quality of long term simulations based on historical rain series of the pollutant discharges from roads and highways. The idea of this paper is to evaluate the effects of wind on the retention time and compare the retention time for the situation of a spatial uniform wind shear stress with the situation of a “real” spatial non-uniform shear stress distribution on the surface of the pond. The result of this paper shows that wind plays a dominant role for the retention time and flow pattern. Furthermore, the results shows that the differences in retention time between the use of uniform and non-uniform wind field distributions are not significant to this study.

Дисертації з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Zanotti, Jean-Pierre. "Codes a distribution de poids equilibre." Toulon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUL0001.

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Nous etudions principalement une nouvelle famille de codes cycliques irreductibles possedant une propriete remarquable, leur distribution de poids est equilibree (codes dpe). Nous caraterisons ces codes et nous montrons que leurs poids ne dependent que de sommes de gauss evaluees en des caracteres d'un groupe particulier. Nous etudions aussi leurs proprietes combinatoires remarquables, notamment nous montrons que ces codes definissent des schemas d'association cyclotomiques. Une etude specifique des sommes de gauss nous permet de calculer les poids sur toute extension de gf(q) a partir de la connaissance des poids du plus petit code sur le corps premier gf(p). Nous explicitons aussi le comportement asymptotique des poids au regard de la borne de weil-serre dans ce sens ou ces poids sont lies aux nombres de points rationnels de certaines courbes d'artin-schreier
2

Qian, Liqin. "Contributions to the theory of algebraic coding on finite fields and rings and their applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080064.

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La théorie du codage algébrique sur les corps et les anneaux finis a une grande importance dans la théorie de l'information en raison de leurs diverses applications dans les schémas de partage de secrets, les graphes fortement réguliers, les codes d'authentification et de communication. Cette thèse aborde plusieurs sujets de recherche selon les orientations dans ce contexte, dont les méthodes de construction sont au cœur de nos préoccupations. Plus précisément, nous nous intéressons aux constructions de codes optimaux (ou codes asymptotiquement optimaux), aux constructions de codes linéaires à "hull" unidimensionnelle, aux constructions de codes minimaux et aux constructions de codes linéaires projectifs. Les principales contributions sont résumé comme suit. Cette thèse fournie une description explicite des caractères additifs et multiplicatifs sur les anneaux finis (précisément S\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2= 0)S et _\mathbb{F} _q +u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2=u)s), utilise des sommes Gaussiennes, hyper Eisenstein et Jacobi et fournit plusieurs classes de nouveaux codes optimaux (ou asymptotiquement optimaux) avec des paramètres flexibles, propose des codes linéaires (optimaux ou quasi-optimal) avec une "hull" unidimensionnelle sur des corps finis en utilisant des outils de la théorie de la somme Gaussienne. De plus, cette thèse explore plusieurs classes de codes linéaires binaires (optimaux pour la borne de Griesmer bien connue) sur des corps finis basés sur deux constructions génériques utilisant des fonctions. Aussi, elle détermine leurs paramètres et leurs distributions de poids et en déduit plusieurs familles infinies de codes linéaires minimaux. Enfin, elle étudie des constructions optimales de plusieurs classes de codes linéaires binaires projectifs avec peu de poids et leurs codes duaux correspondants
Algebraic coding theory over finite fields and rings has always been an important research topic in information theory thanks to their various applications in secret sharing schemes, strongly regular graphs, authentication and communication codes.This thesis addresses several research topics according to the orientations in this context, whose construction methods are at the heart of our concerns. Specifically, we are interested in the constructions of optimal codebooks (or asymptotically optimal codebooks), the constructions of linear codes with a one-dimensional hull, the constructions of minimal codes, and the constructions of projective linear codes. The main contributions are summarized as follows. This thesis gives an explicit description of additive and multiplicative characters on finite rings (precisely _\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2= 0)s and S\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2=u)S), employees Gaussian, hyper Eisenstein and Jacobi sums and proposes several classes of optimal (or asymptotically optimal) new codebooks with flexible parameters. Next, it proposes(optimal or nearly optimal) linear codes with a one-dimensional hull over finite fields by employing tools from the theory of Gaussian sums. It develops an original method to construct these codes. It presents sufficient conditions for one-dimensional hull codes and a lower bound on its minimum distance. Besides, this thesis explores several classes of (optimal for the well-known Griesmer bound) binary linear codes over finite fields based on two generic constructions using functions. It determines their parameters and weight distributions and derives several infinite families of minimal linear codes. Finally, it studies (optimal for the sphere packing bound) constructions of several classes of projective binary linear codes with a few weight and their corresponding duals codes
3

Carbonelli, Alexandre. "Caractérisation vibro-acoustique d'une cascade de distribution poids lourd." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779231.

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L'objectif de ce travail est la compréhension et la modélisation des phénomènes physiques qui gouvernent la réponse vibro-acoustique d'une cascade de distribution de poids lourd. On s'intéresse en particulier au bruit de sirènement d'une cascade de six engrenages, qui correspond à la réponse aux excitations internes générées par le processus d'engrènement et au bruit de claquement, qui correspond à la réponse aux vibro-impacts entre dentures sous charge induits par les fluctuations des efforts extérieurs couplées aux excitations internes. Dans un premier temps, les corrections de denture sont optimisées par une méthode méta-heuristique (essaims particulaires), afin de minimiser les fluctuations des erreurs statiques de transmission en prenant en compte la large plage de couples de fonctionnement et les dispersions géométriques induites par les tolérances de fabrication des engrenages. Le bruit de sirènement est alors modélisé à partir d'une méthode spectrale qui prend en compte le couplage entre les différentes excitations internes de la cascade de dentures. Le gain apporté par l'optimisation des corrections sur le bruit de sirènement de la cascade de dentures a pu être estimé. Dans un second temps, le bruit de claquement est analysé à partir de modèles non linéaires prenant en compte les jeux entre dentures. Une méthode de continuation couplée à une discrétisation par la méthode des différences centrées et une méthode d'intégration temporelle directe sont mises en oeuvre. Le comportement dynamique de la cascade induit par la fluctuation des efforts extérieurs couplée aux excitations internes est complexe : les réponses des différents pignons peuvent être périodiques, pseudo-périodiques ou chaotiques avec possibilité d'observer des pertes de contact multiples, et notamment des chocs entre les flancs rétros des dentures si l'acyclisme moteur est élevé. Les régimes de type vibro-impacts peuvent être établis sur une large plage de vitesses de fonctionnement.
4

Evemy, Paul Martin. "Phytoplankton distribution and periodicity in a series of four linked ponds." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1988. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/fa1cb889-4789-4f58-9f16-b7ceb149ac16/1/.

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Phytoplankton distribution and periodicity patterns were investigated in a series of four intermittently linked ponds during the period January 1984 to December 1987. The ponds, each with an area of less than one hectare, are located within the boundaries of Windsor Great Park, Berkshire. During the middle two of the four field seasons studied the ponds were subjected to mechanical disturbances which involved the dredging and enlargement of all basins. Inverted microscope counts of the algae in sedimented water samples indicated a phytoplankton succession characteristic of eutrophic bodies of water. The vernal increase was consistently dominated by the Bacillariophyceae mainly Asterionella formosa and Stephanodiscus ref hantzschii. Asterionella formosa is normally associated with larger more open water areas and may have been living at the limit of its ecological range. Diatoms were succeeded largely by species from the Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae and Euglenophyceae. Cyanobacteria were conspicuous only occasionally during the summer months. Changes in phytoplankton distribution and composition were observed following dredging operations, these changes suggested a reversion to less eutrophic conditions in ponds one, two and three; this was not apparent in pond four. Additionally, Stephanodiscus ref hantzschii was succeeded by Asterionella formosa as the dominant diatom during spring growth, a factor possibly associated with basin enlargement. Flagellates rather than other species were more apparent in the turbid conditions which obtained after dredging. Algae collected from the benthos indicated the presence of planktonic and bottom living species such as Caloneis silicula and Gyrosigma spencerii. These typically benthic species were not observed in sedimented samples.
5

FILIPPINO, GIORGIA. "Distribution, ecology and conservation of bryoflora in the Mediterranean temporary ponds." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/255993.

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Mediterranean temporary ponds are small, shallow water bodies, isolated from permanent water bodies, which undergo a periodic cycle of flooding and drought. These ephemeral environments are considered to be amongst the most biologically and biogeographically interesting habitats; in Europe, they are recognised as habitats of Community Interest. Despite their important ecological functions, bryophytes are neglected or underrated in most projects addressing the management of fragile environments, such as damp habitats. The main outcome for this study is to bridge the gap of information on bryophytes in the Mediterranean temporary ponds regarding i) the floristic, biogeographic and ecological knowledge of the bryophytic component in these ephemeral habitats and their distribution in the Mediterranean basin ii) the local distribution of bryophytes within the ponds (outer, central, inner) according to their tolerance to floods iii) the first analysis on the diaspore banks dynamics in wet environments that are driven by species traits and microhabitat characteristics, that can give information on the fast (re)establishment of species when natural conditions are favourable.
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Nortje, Hester Maria. "Portfolio Opportunity Distributions (PODs) for the South African market : based on regulation requirements." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86644.

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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study Portfolio Opportunity Distributions (PODs) is applied as an alternative performance evaluation method. Traditionally, Broad-Market Indices or peer group comparisons are used to perform performance evaluation. These methods however have various biases and other problems related to its use. These biases and problems include composition bias, classification bias, concentration, etc. R.J. Surz (1994) introduced PODs in order to eliminate some of these problems. Each fund has its own opportunity set based on its style mandate and constraints. The style mandate of the fund is determined by calculating the fund’s exposure to the nine Surz Style Indices through the use of Returns-Based Style Analysis (RBSA). The indices are created based on the style proposed by R.J. Surz (1994). Some adjustments were made to incorporate the unique nature of the South African equity market. The combination of the fund’s exposures to the indices best explains the return that the fund generated. In this paper the fund’s constraints are based on the regulation requirements imposed on the funds in South Africa by the Collective Investment Schemes Control Act No. 45 of 2002 (CISCA). Thousands of random portfolios are then generated based on the fund’s opportunity set. The return and risk of the simulated portfolios represent the possible investment outcomes that the manager could have achieved given its opportunity set. Together the return and risk of the simulated portfolios represent a range of possible outcomes against which the performance of the fund is compared. It is also possible to determine the skill of the manager since it can be concluded that a manager who consistently outperforms most of the simulated portfolios shows skill in selecting shares to be included in the portfolio and assigning the correct weights to these shares. The South African Rand depreciated quite a bit during the period under evaluation and therefore funds invested large portions of their assets in foreign investments. These investments mostly yielded very high or very low returns compared to the returns available in the domestic equity market which impacted the application of PODs. Although the PODs methodology shows great potential, it is impossible to conclude with certainty whether the PODs methodology is superior to the traditional methods based on the current data.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word Portefeulje Geleentheids Verdelings (“PODs”) bekendgestel as ‘n alternatiewe manier om die obrengste van bestuurders te evalueer. Gewoonlik word indekse en die vergelyking van die fonds met soortgelyke fondse gebruik om fondse te evalueer. Die metodes het egter verskeie probleme wat met die gebruik daarvan verband hou. Die probleme sluit onder andere in: die samestelling en klassifikasie van soortgelyke fondse, die konsentrasie in die mark, ens. R.J. Surz (1994) het dus Portefeulje Geleentheids Verdelings (“PODs”) bekendgestel in ‘n poging om sommige van die probeleme te elimineer. Elke fonds het sy eie unieke geleentheids versameling wat gebaseer is op die fonds se styl en enige beperkings wat op die fonds van toepassing is. Die fonds se styl word bepaal deur die fonds se blootstelling aan die nege Surz Styl Indekse te meet met behulp van opbrengs-gebaseerde styl analise (“RBSA”). Die indekse is geskep gebaseer op die metode wat deur R.J. Surz (1994) voorgestel is. Daar is egter aanpassings gemaak om die unieke aard van die Suid-Afrikaanse aandele mark in ag te neem. Die kombinasie van die fonds se blootstelling aan die indekse verduidelik waar die fonds se opbrengs vandaan kom. In die navorsingstuk is die beperkings wat van toepassing is op die fonds afkomstig uit die regulasie vereistes wat deur die “Collective Investment Schemes Control Act No. 45 of 2002 (CISCA)” in Suid-Afrika op fondse van toepassing is. Duisende ewekansige portefeuljes word dan gegenereer gebaseer op die fonds se unieke groep aandele waarin die fonds kan belê. Die opbrengs en risiko van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes verteenwoordig al die moontlike beleggings uitkomste wat die fonds bestuurder kon gegenereer het gegewe die fonds se unieke groep aandele waarin dit kon belê. Die opbrengs en risiko van al die gesimuleerde portefeuljes skep saam ‘n verdeling van moontlike beleggings uitkomste waarteen die opbrengs en risiko van die fonds vergelyk word. Hierdie proses maak dit moontlik om die fonds bestuurder se vermoë om beter as meeste van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes te presteer te bepaal. Die aanname kan gemaak word dat ‘n bestuurder wat konsekwent oor tyd beter as meeste van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes presteer oor die vermoë beskik om die regte aandele te kies om in die portefeulje in te sluit en ook die regte gewigte aan die aandele toe te ken. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Rand het heelwat gedepresieer tydens die evaluasie periode en daarom het fondse groot porsies van hul beleggings oorsee belê. Die beleggings het dus of heelwat groter of heelwat kleiner opbrengste gehad in vergelyking met die opbrengste beskikbaar in die plaaslike aandelemark en dit het die toepassing van PODs beïnvloed. PODs toon baie potential, maar dit is egter onmoontlik om met die huidige data stel vas te stel of dit ‘n beter metode is.
7

Landry, Hubert. "Étude de l'effet du transfert de poids sur la distribution de la pression exercée au sol par les chenilles d'un tracteur agricole." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/MQ55594.pdf.

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8

Levert, Luc. "Distribution par filtration sur gel de la matière organique dissoute en fonction du poids moléculaire nominal dans trois types d'eau du Saguenay /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1990. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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9

Elqidrea, Ammar. "Effect of irradiation on the monomer-liquid crystal systems." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10180/document.

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La motivation de ce travail est d'étudié l'effet du rayonnement ultraviolet (UV) et bombardement électronique (EB) sur la structure et les propriétés des composites polymères/CL préparés par polymérisation radicalaire. Les intérêts de recherche dans ce domaine ont porté principalement sur la solution de polymérisation en émulsion de composites polymères par rayonnement UV. Dans ce travail, nous cherchons à présenter une compréhension plus profonde des interactions polymère/CL, avec une analyse détaillée de la cinétique et du mécanisme de la réaction de polymérisation. On a étudiée la modification des propriétés des systèmes à base de polymères isotropes et anisotropes en faisant varier à la fois la méthode de préparation et le type du monomère. La matrice polymère a été élaborée avec diverses conditions de préparation, qui mèneront à l'optimisation des paramètres de processus de fabrication, basée sur les propriétés requises du produit final. Initialement, une étude bibliographique a menée dans le premier chapitre. Les modèles de polymérisation radicalaire sont discutés, en plus de la distribution du poids moléculaire de la matrice polymère. Le deuxième chapitre se concentre sur la description et la préparation des films composites à matrice polymère, avec une description détaillée des matériaux qui ont été utilisées dans cette étude. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à l'étude cinétique de la réaction de polymérisation d'acrylate. Le principal objectif du quatrième chapitre est consacré à l'analyse thermophysique des composites polymères et en établissant la séparation de phase. En parallèle, nous analysons les effets de la morphologie sur les transitions de phase différentes de cristaux liquides. Le but du cinquième chapitre est d'étudier le degré de ramification et les réactions de transfert de chaîne en fonction des conditions de préparation. Le sixième chapitre se concentre sur l'analyse de la distribution des poids moléculaires des chaînes de polymère en utilisant la chromatographie par perméation de gel
The motivation of this work is to study the effect of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) on the structure and proeprties of polymer composites/liquid crystal prepared by radical polymerization. Research interests in this area have focused on the solution and emulsion polymerization of polymer composites by UV radiation. In this work, we aim to present a deeper understanding of the polymer/LC interactions, with a detailed analysis of the kinetics and mechanism of the polymerization reaction. We studied the changes in the properties of systems based on isotropic and anisotropic polymers by varying both the preparation method and type of monomer. The polymer matrix has been developped with different preparation conditions, leading to optimization the manufacturing process parameters, based on the required properties of the final product. Initially, a literature survey was conducted in the first chapter. Models of radical polymerization are discussed, in addition to the molecular weight distribution of the polymer. The second chapter focusedon describing the preparation of films and polymer matrix composites, with a detailed description of the materials that were used int his study. The third chapter is devoted to the kinetic study of the polymerization reaction of acrylate. The main objective of the fourth chapter is devoted to the analysis of thermophysical polymer composites, and establishing the phase separation. In parallel, we analyze the effects of morphology on the different phase transitions of liquid crystals. The purpose of the fifth chapter is to study the degree of branching and chain transfer reactions depending on the conditions of preparation. The sixth chapter focused on the analysis of the molecular weight distribution of polymer chains using gel permeation chromatography
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Therrien, Fanny. "Caractérisation du lien entre le statut pondéral et l'axe corticotrope : contribution de la distribution du tissu adipeux et des comportements alimentaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24566/24566.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Rondorf, Dennis W. Reproduction and distribution of fishes in a cooling lake: Wisconsin power plant impact study. Duluth, MN: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1985.

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2

Greenberg, Cathryn H. Amphibians using isolated ephemeral ponds in Florida longleaf pine uplands, population and metapopulation dynamics: Final report. Tallahassee, FL: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 2006.

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3

B, Nielsen Norman, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Semiannual performance report year 2. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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4

B, Nielsen Norman, Oseberg Terje E, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Final report. [Menlo Park, Calif.]: SRI International, 1998.

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5

B, Nielsen Norman, Oseberg Terje E, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Final report. [Menlo Park, Calif.]: SRI International, 1998.

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6

B, Nielsen Norman, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Semiannual performance report year 2. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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7

B, Nielsen Norman, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Semiannual performance report year 2. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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8

B, Nielsen Norman, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. DC-8 scanning lidar characterization of aircraft contrails and cirrus clouds: Semiannual performance report year 2. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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9

Mokhov. Symple&Poiss Geom Loop Smooth. Routledge, 2005.

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10

Roth, Richard A. Freshwater Aquatic Biomes. www.greenwood.com, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400654121.

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This volume in the Greenwood Guides to Biomes of the World: series covers the freshwater biomes that exist in wetlands, ponds and lakes, and rivers and streams, examining all aspects that define these biomes: Vegetation, Geographical Distribution, Challenges posed by the environment, Adaptation of the plants and animals to the environment.

Частини книг з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Melikov, Pierre, Jeremy A. Kho, Vincent Fighiera, Fahad Alhasoun, Jorge Audiffred, José L. Mateos, and Marta C. González. "Characterizing Urban Mobility Patterns: A Case Study of Mexico City." In Urban Informatics, 153–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_11.

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AbstractSeamless access to destinations of value such as workplaces, schools, parks or hospitals, influences the quality of life of people all over the world. The first step to planning and improving proximity to services is to estimate the number of trips being made from different parts of a city. A challenge has been representative data available for that purpose. Relying on expensive and infrequently collected travel surveys for modeling trip distributions to facilities has slowed down the decision-making process. The growing abundance of data already collected, if analyzed with the right methods, can help us with planning and understanding cities. In this chapter, we examine human mobility patterns extracted from data passively collected. We present results on the use of points of interest (POIs) registered on Google Places to approximate trip attraction in a city. We compare the result of trip distribution models that utilize only POIs with those utilizing conventional data sets, based on surveys. We show that an extended radiation model provides very good estimates when compared with the official origin–destination matrices from the latest census in Mexico City.
2

Jenkins, David G. "Dispersal-limited Zooplankton distribution and community composition in new ponds." In Rotifera VII, 15–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1583-1_2.

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3

Srdjevic, B., Z. Srdjevic, B. Blagojevic, and O. Cukaliev. "Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Groundwater Ponds as Suppliers to Urban Water Distribution Systems." In Sustainable Cities and Military Installations, 163–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7161-1_9.

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4

Ghosh, Tuhin, Niloy Pramanik, Sourav Das, Abhra Chanda, and Anirban Mukhopadhyay. "Spatial Distribution of Ponds in the Indian Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve: Special Emphasis on Size-Class." In Pond Ecosystems of the Indian Sundarbans, 21–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86786-7_2.

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5

Céréghino, R., A. Ruggiero, P. Marty, and S. Angélibert. "Biodiversity and distribution patterns of freshwater invertebrates in farm ponds of a south-western French agricultural landscape." In Pond Conservation in Europe, 43–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9088-1_5.

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6

Stella, E. "Contribution to the taxonomy and distribution of Cyclops abyssorum Sars (Crustacea, Copepoda) in several lakes and ponds of central Italy." In Biology of Copepods, 381–85. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3103-9_41.

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7

Buffan-Dubau, Evelyne, and Jacques Castel. "Diel and seasonal vertical distribution of meiobenthic copepods in muddy sediments of a eutrophic lagoon (fish ponds of Arcachon Bay)." In Coastal Lagoon Eutrophication and ANaerobic Processes (C.L.E.AN.), 69–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1744-6_6.

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8

Milton, G. Randy, and C. Max Finlayson. "Diversity of Freshwater Ecosystems and Global Distributions." In Freshwater Ecology and Conservation, 3–19. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766384.003.0001.

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Freshwater ecosystems are found on all continents comprising many different types and sizes; and defined and classified in different ways. The hydrologic regime influences the many physical and chemical features of freshwater ecosystems and has temporal and dynamic dimensions for flowing (rivers—lotic systems) and standing waters (lakes and ponds—lentic systems) and others that may experience permanent flooding or large fluctuations in water depths. The water balance is commonly used to understand a system’s hydrology and provide insights into the key processes determining its functioning. Widely distributed, global mapping initiatives provide a general distribution of types, document latitudinal and longitudinal distribution, and provide a global coverage estimate of 12.5–14.4 × 106 km2. However, a comprehensive inventory and global map for these ecosystems still does not exist. Information on the specific features of rivers and streams, lakes and ponds, swamps and marshes, peatlands, and freshwater karst systems is provided.
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Downing, J. A., and C. M. Duarte. "Abundance and Size Distribution of Lakes, Ponds and Impoundments." In Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.03867-7.

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10

Downing, J. A., and C. M. Duarte. "Abundance and Size Distribution of Lakes, Ponds and Impoundments." In Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, 469–78. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012370626-3.00025-9.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Putra, S. S., and B. W. Ridwan. "Interconnected ponds operation for flood hazard distribution." In THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EARTHHAZARD AND DISASTER MITIGATION: The Annual Symposium on Earthquake and Related Geohazard Research for Disaster Risk Reduction. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4947415.

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2

"Three-dimensional investigation of retention time distribution of waste stabilisation ponds." In 20th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2013). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2013.l9.li.

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3

Chrysanthis, Panos K. "Session details: Research Session 16: Transactions and Distribution." In SIGMOD/PODS '08: SIGMOD/PODS '08 - International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3256700.

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4

Yulfiperius, B. Herawan Hayadi, Risnita Tri Utami, Firman, Zulkhasyni, and Dedi Pardiansyah. "An Implementation of Web Based GIS for Distribution of Freshwater Fish Ponds." In 2021 9th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management (CITSM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/citsm52892.2021.9589006.

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5

Grohe, Martin, Benjamin Lucien Kaminski, Joost-Pieter Katoen, and Peter Lindner. "Generative Datalog with Continuous Distributions." In SIGMOD/PODS '20: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3375395.3387659.

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6

Liu, Rui, Klaus Greve, Nan Jiang, and Ming Xu. "Task-Oriented Path Planning Algorithm Considering POIs and Dynamic Collaborative Targets Distribution." In 2018 Sensor Data Fusion: Trends, Solutions, Applications (SDF). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sdf.2018.8547109.

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7

Li, Zitao, Tianhao Wang, Milan Lopuhaä-Zwakenberg, Ninghui Li, and Boris Škoric. "Estimating Numerical Distributions under Local Differential Privacy." In SIGMOD/PODS '20: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3318464.3389700.

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8

Canonne, Clément L. "Corrigendum: Are Few Bins Enough: Testing Histogram Distributions." In SIGMOD/PODS '23: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3584372.3588652.

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9

Acharya, Jayadev, Ilias Diakonikolas, Chinmay Hegde, Jerry Zheng Li, and Ludwig Schmidt. "Fast and Near-Optimal Algorithms for Approximating Distributions by Histograms." In SIGMOD/PODS'15: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2745754.2745772.

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10

Day, Wei-Yen, Ninghui Li, and Min Lyu. "Publishing Graph Degree Distribution with Node Differential Privacy." In SIGMOD/PODS'16: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2882903.2926745.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Distributions de poids":

1

Nikula, Blair, and Robert Cook. Status and distribution of Odonates at Cape Cod National Seashore. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303254.

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Odonates are significant components of most wetland habitats and important indicators of their health. At Cape Cod National Seashore (CACO), we compiled odonate records dating back to the 1980s and, based partly on that data, identified 41 wetland sites for sampling, representing six freshwater habitats (kettle pond, inter-dune pond, dune slack, riparian marsh, vernal pool, and bog). We surveyed these sites for adult odonates during the 2016?2018 field seasons. Ten sites were surveyed all three years (total 19-20 surveys/site); all ten had at least some historical data. The remaining 31 sites were surveyed for one field season, a total of 6-8 times each. We conducted 391 surveys, recording 53,435 individuals and 74 species (45 dragonflies and 29 damselflies); not all individuals were identified to species. Abundance and species richness varied significantly between habitats. For all individuals recorded, abundance was greatest at vernal pools and kettle ponds. Riparian sites had the lowest abundance. Species richness was highest at kettle ponds, including several species of conservation concern, two listed as Threatened by the state of Massachusetts. Riparian marshes and dune slacks had relatively low richness. Among the 10 sites surveyed three years, we found significant annual variation in abundance and species richness. There was significant and generally greater between-site variation in abundance within a year than between years at sites. Community analysis found pond depth, habitat type, and presence of predaceous fish were significant factors explaining between-site variation in community composition. Habitats also differed significantly in community composition. Multidimensional scaling showed sites tend to cluster together by habitat type. Vernal ponds have the highest average community similarity to all other habitats (53.5%), with dune slack (52.9%), bog (52.0%) and inter-dune (51.5%) close behind. In contrast, riparian sites (46.3%) and kettle ponds (39.5%) are least similar to other habitats. Overall, 86 species of odonates have been recorded at CACO, a rich and diverse assemblage reflecting the variety and quality of freshwater habitats present. Although these habitats are relatively well-protected, stressors include climate change, nutrient inflow from adjacent development, road runoff, and trampling of emergent vegetation. A plan for monitoring is beyond the scope of this project. Ideally, it would be best to use the insight into odonate variation obtained from these surveys to develop a monitoring program designed to meet standards of statistical confidence and power currently employed in NPS monitoring programs.
2

Wallach, Rony, Tammo Steenhuis, Ellen R. Graber, David DiCarlo, and Yves Parlange. Unstable Flow in Repellent and Sub-critically Repellent Soils: Theory and Management Implications. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592643.bard.

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Water repellency causes unstable wetting fronts that result in water moving in preferential flowpaths through homogeneous soils as well in structured soils where macropores enhance the preferential flow pattern. Water repellency is typically associated with extended water ponding on the soil surface, but we have found that repellency is important even before the water ponds. Preferential flow fingers can form under conditions where the contact angle is less than 90o, but greater than 0o. This means that even when the soil is considered wettable (i.e., immediate penetration of water), water distribution in the soil profile can be significantly non-uniform. Our work concentrated on various aspects of this subject, with an emphasis on visualizing water and colloid flow in soil, characterizing mathematically the important processes that affect water distribution, and defining the chemical components that are important for determining contact angle. Five papers have been published to date from this research, and there are a number of papers in various stages of preparation.
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Wolfe, S. A., H. B. O'Neill, C. Duchesne, D. Froese, J M Young, and S. V. Kokelj. Ground ice degradation and thermokarst terrain formation in Canada over the past 16 000 years. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329668.

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Thermokarst results from thawing of excess ground ice in permafrost sediments. Thermokarst processes and landforms are controlled by ground ice type, amount and distribution, as well as the patterns of ground ice loss over time. Recent acceleration of varied thermokarst processes across diverse Canadian permafrost terrains make for a challenging task in predicting landscape-scale thaw trajectories. Using existing ground ice models, we examined the modelled amounts and spatial extent of ground ice loss relative to ground ice maxima in the last ca. 16 ka BP for relict, segregated and wedge ice. We relate observed thermokarst features to the nature of ground ice development and loss in different environments (cold continuous permafrost, discontinuous permafrost, and no current permafrost). In cold, continuous permafrost areas where ground ice loss has been limited over the last 16 ka BP, thermokarst processes include active layer detachments and slumps in segregated and relict ice, gullying and ponding in ice wedge troughs, and the cyclical development of shallow thermokarst ponds in segregated ice. With ground ice loss in discontinuous permafrost, thermokarst processes are wide-ranging. Slumps, subsidence, and collapse of lithalsas, palsas and peat plateaus occur from thawing of segregated ice, thermokarst ponds from melting wedge and segregated ice, and involuted terrain from melting and creep of relict or segregated ice. In former permafrost terrain, evidence of thermokarst includes former ice wedge polygons, collapsed lithalsas, and irregular hummocky terrain. The relations between modelled ground ice loss and observed thermokarst landscapes assist in understanding present-day processes and in predicting future thermokarst landform evolution with a changing climate.
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Boyle, Maxwell. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Cape Lookout National Seashore: 2022 data summary. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303636.

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Parks within the Southeast Coast Network (SECN) host a diverse assemblage of plants and terrestrial vegetation communities. Vegetation communities are dynamic entities whose species composition, abundance, distribution, and structure are influenced by environmental factors and impacted over time by natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Determining trends in vegetation communities over time and identifying plant stressors is vital to understanding the ecological health of terrestrial ecosystems within SECN parks. Like most barrier islands along the southeastern coast, the vegetation communities along Cape Lookout National Seashore range from open beach and foredune grasslands on the ocean-facing side to tidal marshes on the sound-facing side. Between is a mixture of interdune swales, backdunes, and enclosed wetlands. Open upland vegetation is found on foredunes and occasional backdunes within the seashore. Cape Lookout National Seashore ecosystems are subjected to high frequencies of storm-, wind-, tide-, and wave-driven processes. Historic and current vegetation composition and structure are largely a result of these highly dynamic processes. Current vegetation patterns and processes across the Outer Banks are impacted and will continue to be impacted by rising sea-levels. Vegetation communities are vulnerable to overwash, which moves sand from the island?s ocean-side to the sound-side, brought on by more frequent and higher intensity storms. In 2019, Hurricane Dorian produced significant storm surge from the sound-side that overwashed the island and deposited sand into the ocean. Sand was scoured out from over 54 major cuts in the island, creating current ponds that are in various stages of succession. 2022 marked the first year of conducting this monitoring effort at Cape Lookout National Seashore. Forty-nine vegetation plots were established throughout the park in May and June. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass estimates. Data were stratified across four dominant broadly defined habitats within four park subunits: North Core Banks, South Core Banks, Cape Lookout, and Shackleford Banks. Broadly defined habitats monitored included: Open Upland Vegetation, Upland Forests and Shrublands, Nontidal Wetland Vegetation and Tidal Wetlands. One hundred and eighty-six vascular plant taxa were detected during this monitoring effort, including 11 taxa not detected in previous lists. Human-caused disturbances (e.g., historical plowing, shifting fire regimes, and altered hydrology) affecting plant communities within other SECN parks were not observed within these plots during this survey effort. Stunted plant growth was observed on several plots of Shackleford Banks and is likely caused by feral horse grazing. It is unclear from these data if grazing has impacted overall vegetation diversity and structure patterns across the island.

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