Готові списки джерел за темами / Dissolution mechanisms

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Dissolution mechanisms"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 липня 2024

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Статті в журналах з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Hunek, Balazs, and E. L. Cussler. "Mechanisms of photoresist dissolution." AIChE Journal 48, no. 4 (April 2002): 661–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690480403.

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Miller, J. L., A. S. Elwood Madden, C. M. Phillips-Lander, B. N. Pritchett, and M. E. Elwood Madden. "Alunite dissolution rates: Dissolution mechanisms and implications for Mars." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 172 (January 2016): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.001.

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Subhas, Adam V., Jess F. Adkins, Nick E. Rollins, John Naviaux, Jonathan Erez, and William M. Berelson. "Catalysis and chemical mechanisms of calcite dissolution in seawater." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 31 (July 18, 2017): 8175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703604114.

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Near-equilibrium calcite dissolution in seawater contributes significantly to the regulation of atmospheric CO2 on 1,000-y timescales. Despite many studies on far-from-equilibrium dissolution, little is known about the detailed mechanisms responsible for calcite dissolution in seawater. In this paper, we dissolve 13C-labeled calcites in natural seawater. We show that the time-evolving enrichment of 𝜹13C in solution is a direct measure of both dissolution and precipitation reactions across a large range of saturation states. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer profiles into the 13C-labeled solids confirm the presence of precipitated material even in undersaturated conditions. The close balance of precipitation and dissolution near equilibrium can alter the chemical composition of calcite deeper than one monolayer into the crystal. This balance of dissolution–precipitation shifts significantly toward a dissolution-dominated mechanism below about Ω= 0.7. Finally, we show that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) increases the dissolution rate across all saturation states, and the effect is most pronounced close to equilibrium. This finding suggests that the rate of hydration of CO2 is a rate-limiting step for calcite dissolution in seawater. We then interpret our dissolution data in a framework that incorporates both solution chemistry and geometric constraints on the calcite solid. Near equilibrium, this framework demonstrates a lowered free energy barrier at the solid–solution interface in the presence of CA. This framework also indicates a significant change in dissolution mechanism at Ω= 0.7, which we interpret as the onset of homogeneous etch pit nucleation.

Barkatt, Aaron, Barbara C. Gibson, Pedro B. Macedo, Charles J. Montrose, William Sousanpour, Alisa Barkatt, Morad-Ali Boroomand, Victor Rogers, and Miguel Penafiel. "Mechanisms of Defense Waste Glass Dissolution." Nuclear Technology 73, no. 2 (May 1986): 140–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/nt86-a33780.

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Liu, J. C., E. L. Tan, and Y. W. Chien. "Dissolution Kinetics and Rate-Controlling Mechanisms." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 12, no. 8-9 (January 1986): 1357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639048609065864.

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Park, Kinam. "Dissolution mechanisms of felodipine solid dispersions." Journal of Controlled Release 188 (August 2014): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.036.

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Lohrengel, M. M., K. P. Rataj, and T. Münninghoff. "Electrochemical Machining—mechanisms of anodic dissolution." Electrochimica Acta 201 (May 2016): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.12.219.

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Koshiba, Mitsunobu, Makoto Murata, Yoshiyuki Harita, and Tsuguo Yamaoka. "Dissolution inhibition mechanisms of naphthoquinone diazides." Polymer Engineering and Science 29, no. 14 (August 1989): 916–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760291407.

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Kittsteiner, Thomas, Axel Ockenfels, and Nadja Trhal. "Partnership dissolution mechanisms in the laboratory." Economics Letters 117, no. 2 (November 2012): 394–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2012.04.084.

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Zuo, Yibing, and Guang Ye. "Preliminary Interpretation of the Induction Period in Hydration of Sodium Hydroxide/Silicate Activated Slag." Materials 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 4796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214796.

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Many calorimetric studies have been carried out to investigate the reaction process of alkali-activated slag paste. However, the origin of the induction period and action mechanism of soluble Si in the dissolution of slag are still not clear. Moreover, the mechanisms behind different reaction periods are not well described. In this study, the reaction kinetics of alkali-activated slag paste was monitored by isothermal calorimetry and the effect of soluble Si was investigated through a dissolution test. The results showed that occurrence of the induction period in hydration of alkali-activated slag paste depended on the presence of soluble Si in alkaline activator and the soluble Si slowed down the dissolution of slag. A dissolution theory-based mechanism was introduced and applied to the dissolution of slag, showing good interpretation of the action mechanism of soluble Si. With this dissolution theory-based mechanism, origin of the induction period in hydration of alkali-activated slag was explicitly interpreted.

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Дисертації з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Qiu, Yang. "Dissolution mechanisms: theoretical and experimental investigations." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1892.

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The dissolution behavior of a drug substance is an important part of its bioavailability. Three solid dissolution mechanisms are recognized: transport control, interface control and mixed-kinetic control. The mixed-kinetic control mechanism is not well studied as the majority of dissolution phenomena in pharmaceutical research are assumed to be transport-controlled. A phenomenological model for mixed-kinetic control was developed in which the interfacial step comprises molecular detachment and re-deposition and is described by chemical kinetic theory. This model encompasses interface control and transport control as limiting cases. Experimental studies on three organic compounds showed that they dissolved by transport control at 37°C, but exhibited certain degrees of interface control at lower temperatures (10°C and 3°C), which, according to the model, indicates that reducing the dissolution temperature slowed down re-deposition more than transport. Using mathematical approaches derived from the model, up to 27% interface control was calculated from the experimental results. The second experimental investigation showed significant degrees of interface control in benzoic acid dissolution in sodium dodecyl sulfate (NaDS) solutions at 25°C. The dissolution behavior was well described by the mixed-kinetic control model and up to 73% interface control was calculated. An extension of the model was proposed to describe a potential micelle-interface interaction mechanism indicated by the model-fitted parameters. The third investigation showed that FD&C Blue #1, a water-soluble dye, inhibited sulfathiazole dissolution in acidic media but not in water. The inhibition was attributed to the blocking of dissolution sites by dye adsorption. A potential pH-dependent adsorption mechanism was proposed in which protonation at sulfathiazole solid surface gives rise to preferential dye adsorption on detachment rates and thus reduced dissolution rates.

Mercadé-Prieto, Ruben. "Dissolution mechanisms of protein gels in alkali." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613336.

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Bluteau, Marie-Claude. "The incongruent dissolution of scorodite-solubilities, kinetics and mechanisms /." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82470.

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This thesis reports the results of an investigation of scorodite long-term solubility and stability conducted at fixed pH (5-9) and temperature (22°C, 50°C and 75°C). The decomposition of scorodite at 22°C was found to be extremely slow. At neutral pH, the arsenic concentration stabilized at 5.8 mg/L. As scorodite dissolved, the iron reprecipitated as 2-line ferrihydrite. The growth and re-crystallization of ferrihydrite was delayed by apparent arsenate adsorption. The solubility product of scorodite was calculated as 10-25.5. The dissolution rate of scorodite in a pure system was modeled with a decreasing exponential equation. The pre-exponential factor approached first order vis-a-vis OH- concentration and the activation energy suggested that scorodite dissolution is chemically controlled. A thermodynamic investigation indicated that the stability field of scorodite extends up to pH 6.75 for a molality of the aqueous species of 6.7x10 -5 (5 mg/L As) when in equilibrium with ferrihydrite but only up to pH 2.3 when in equilibrium with goethite. The presence of gypsum led to lower arsenic concentrations; this was attributed to the formation of calcium-iron-arsenate compounds, such as yukonite (Ca2Fe3(AsO4) 4(OH)·12H2O).

Worley, William Gabriel. "Dissolution kinetics and mechanisms in quartz- and grainite-water systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28068.

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Frogner, Paul. "Dissolution mechanisms of albite and hornblende and of calcite in sandstone." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologi och geokemi, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-117137.

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Maldei, Michael. "Low-temperature dry scrubbing reaction kinetics and mechanisms limestone dissolution and solubility." Ohio : Ohio University, 1993. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175715332.

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Jonker-Brash, Robina Ann. "Erosion of refractories : mechanisms for dissolution of graphite by iron-carbon melts." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297215.

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Mandich, Nenad V. "Mechanisms of chromium deposition and dissolution under direct and pulse reverse plating conditions." Thesis, Aston University, 1996. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15349/.

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Baths containing sulphuric acid as catalyst and others with selected secondary catalysts (methane sulphonic acid - MSA, SeO2, a KBrO3/KIO3 mixture, indium, uranium and commercial high speed catalysts (HEEF-25 and HEEF-405)) were studied. The secondary catalysts influenced CCE, brightness and cracking. Chromium deposition mechanisms were studied in Part II using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic electroanalytical techniques under stationary and hydrodynamic conditions. Sulphuric acid as a primary catalyst and MSA, HEEF-25, HEEF-405 and sulphosalycilic acid as co-catalysts were explored for different rotation, speeds and scan rates. Maximum current was resolved into diffusion and kinetically limited components, and a contribution towards understanding the electrochemical mechanism is proposed. Reaction kinetics were further studied for H2SO4, MSA and methane disulphonic acid catalysed systems and their influence on reaction mechanisms elaborated. Charge transfer coefficient and electrochemical reaction rate orders for the first stage of the electrodeposition process were determined. A contribution was made toward understanding of H2SO4 and MSA influence on the evolution rate of hydrogen. Anodic dissolution of chromium in the chromic acid solution was studied with a number of techniques. An electrochemical dissolution mechanism is proposed, based on the results of rotating gold ring disc experiments and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, significant increases in chromium electrodeposition rates under non-stationary conditions (PRC mode) were studied and a deposition mechanisms is elaborated based on experimental data and theoretical considerations.

Lanzl, Caylyn Ashley. "Size-dependent reactivity of hematite nanoparticles: environmental implications of dissolution mechanisms and aggregation." Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2557.

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The interfacial reactivity of iron oxides such as hematite (Α-Fe2O3) has been extensively studied because they are naturally abundant materials that are also versatile in a range of engineering applications. A poorly understood determinate of iron oxide interfacial reactivity is their particle size, a factor that has received increasing scrutiny given the emergence of nanoscience and nanotechnology. In natural systems, size-dependent trends in dissolution may have a profound influence on the rate and extent of iron redox cycling, which will indirectly effect the numerous processes in which soluble ferric [Fe(III)] and ferrous [Fe(II)] iron subsequently participate. This work seeks to establish (i) the size-dependent dissolution of hematite nanoparticles across a range of dissolution mechanisms (e.g. proton-promoted, ligand-promoted, thermal reductive and photoreductive dissolution) and pH values, (ii) the extent to which nanoparticle aggregation effects the reactivity of hematite nanoparticles and trends observed in size-dependent reactivity of such aggregates, and (iii) how size-dependent dissolution activity of hematite impacts the production of environmentally relevant reactive oxygen species in sunlit surface waters via the photo-Fenton chemical reaction. Results herein reveal that size-dependent reactivity for two sizes of hematite nanoparticles, 8 and 40 nm, is observed throughout all dissolution processes and mechanisms investigated. Notably, this work is among the first where size-dependent reactivity is clearly observed into circumneutral and neutral pH values representative of most natural systems. Enhanced reactivity of the smaller 8 nm hematite is likely due to available reactive surface area compared to its larger analog. Under native aggregation of nanopowders (i.e., minimal ionic strength and no sonication) and induced aggregation of nanoparticle suspensions (i.e. high ionic strengths) mass normalized rates of reductive dissolution were greater for aggregates of 8 nm hematite, and aggregate size exhibited little influence on size-dependent reactivity. Finally, size-dependent reactivity also occurs in model surface water reactions, specifically the dissolved organic matter mediated photo-Fenton reaction. Smaller nanophase hematite exhibits greater rates of Fe(II) production, which in turn yields greater steady-state hydroxyl radical concentrations. Insights from this work advance current knowledge of size-dependent reactivity of natural nanomaterials and their implications for pollutant fate and elemental cycling in environmental systems.

Franke, Mark Douglas. "An investigation of the kinetics and mechanisms in the dissolution of alumina in aqueous sulfuric acid." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10921.

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Книги з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Vojinov, Mandich℗ĐhNenad. Mechanisms of chromium deposition and dissolution under direct and pulse reverse plating conditions. Birmingham: Aston University. Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, 1996.

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Cranford, James A., and Catharine E. Fairbairn. Social Psychology of Alcohol Involvement, Marital Dissolution, and Marital Interaction Processes Across Multiple Timescales. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0019.

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This chapter reviews research on the association between alcohol involvement and marital dissolution. It describes an emerging theoretical framework for research on substance use and marriage based on social psychology, relationship science, and developmental science that (1) includes both spouses and focuses on the dyad as the unit of analysis to explicitly test for husband and wife differences and dyadic patterns of alcohol involvement and (2) assesses core constructs across multiple timescales, with a focus on daily processes as potential linkages between real-time marital interactions and outcomes that unfold over longer timescales. This framework can strengthen connections between social psychological and developmental theory, inform basic research on alcohol and social interaction processes, and potentially enhance prevention and treatment efforts by identifying the mechanisms underlying the associations between alcohol involvement and negative marital outcomes.

Venkatesh, Srinivasan. Mechanism for anodic dissolution of chalcocite in cupric chloride solution. 1990.

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Brüll, Christoph, Christian Henrich-Franke, Claudia Hiepel, and Guido Thiemeyer, eds. Belgisch-deutsche Kontakträume in Rheinland und Westfalen, 1945-1995. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748906834.

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This volume analyses Belgian garrisons in the Rhineland and Westphalia after the Second World War. They are analysed as contact zones that clearly indicate the political, economic, societal and military consequences of European integration for daily coexistence. The book’s contributions focus on mechanisms and catalysts of entanglement, dissolution and coexistence in local spaces, which did not relocate transnational contacts within Europe to national borderlines, but permanently (re-) configured them in a confined space. How do transnational contacts take place? How have they changed in the face of different geopolitical and geostrategic circumstances? This volume intends to give European integration history new impetus by rediscovering European regional history. With contributions by Christoph Brüll, Christian Henrich-Franke, Claudia Hiepel, Jonas Krüning, Marc Laplasse, Pierre Muller, Vitus Sproten, Guido Thiemeyer

Butt, Simon, and Tim Lindsey. Financial Laws. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199677740.003.0019.

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This chapter covers tax, insolvency, and banking law in Indonesia. The law regulating VAT, land and building tax, import tax, luxury goods tax, and regional taxes is discussed, as are tax offences, compliance rules, and Indonesia’s low compliance rates. The chapter then deals with bankruptcy law, describing the court process leading to the appointment of receivers and, in some cases, liquidation and dissolution. An assessment of the Commercial Court is offered, before the chapter turns to banking law. The powers and responsibilities of the two lead agencies in this area, Bank Indonesia and Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), are explained, including prudential and reporting requirements, consumer protections and dispute resolution mechanisms, and the Indonesian Deposit Insurance Corporation’s role. The chapter closes with discussion about anti-money laundering measures, rural banks and Islamic banks.

Ali, Syed A., Leonard Kalfayan, and Carl T. Montgomery. Acid Stimulation. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/9781613994269.

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Stimulation of oil, gas, and injection wells with acid is almost as old as the petroleum engineering industry itself. Acid Stimulation, ensures a comprehensive and up-to-the-minute presentation by 19 subject matter experts, all at the forefront of the development of acidizing technology. Each chapter delivers an authoritative presentation of the key areas of Acid Stimulation, providing an important resource for anyone who designs, analyzes, and/or improves acidizing treatments. Acid Stimulation includesA concise review of the tremendous amount of information that has been gathered on the subject since the introduction of the first patents 100 years ago.A summary of the mechanisms that cause formation damage and how to quantify that damage.A summary of the chemistry, reaction kinetics, and methods of measurement of reactive fluids.The latest design information and philosophies for both carbonate and sandstone acidizing.Coverage of diversion, acid additives, and acid corrosion control included.Includes guidelines for treatment evaluation and real-time diagnostics.The latest models and measurement techniques for the prediction of acid fracture conductivity, rock dissolution, worm-holing fluid loss, and acid transport.Current practices in acid treatment safety, quality control, and protection of the environment.Many of the sections are supplemented with problem sets to reinforce concepts.

Kirchman, David L. Introduction to geomicrobiology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0013.

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Geomicrobiology, the marriage of geology and microbiology, is about the impact of microbes on Earth materials in terrestrial systems and sediments. Many geomicrobiological processes occur over long timescales. Even the slow growth and low activity of microbes, however, have big effects when added up over millennia. After reviewing the basics of bacteria–surface interactions, the chapter moves on to discussing biomineralization, which is the microbially mediated formation of solid minerals from soluble ions. The role of microbes can vary from merely providing passive surfaces for mineral formation, to active control of the entire precipitation process. The formation of carbonate-containing minerals by coccolithophorids and other marine organisms is especially important because of the role of these minerals in the carbon cycle. Iron minerals can be formed by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria, which gain a small amount of energy from iron oxidation. Similarly, manganese-rich minerals are formed during manganese oxidation, although how this reaction benefits microbes is unclear. These minerals and others give geologists and geomicrobiologists clues about early life on Earth. In addition to forming minerals, microbes help to dissolve them, a process called weathering. Microbes contribute to weathering and mineral dissolution through several mechanisms: production of protons (acidity) or hydroxides that dissolve minerals; production of ligands that chelate metals in minerals thereby breaking up the solid phase; and direct reduction of mineral-bound metals to more soluble forms. The chapter ends with some comments about the role of microbes in degrading oil and other fossil fuels.

Milbank, Alison. Black Books and Brownies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824466.003.0009.

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Scottish fiction about the Reformation is concerned with the mechanics of historical change, which are rendered through a series of enchanted books and people discussed in Chapter 8. In the novel, The Monastery, describing the Dissolution and Reformation, Scott gothicizes the Bible as a magic book and the White Lady as its guardian to dramatize the mysterious nature of religious change, the dependence of the future on a Gothic past, and the need for interpretation. In Old Mortality, Scott’s protagonist escapes the frozen dualities of Covenanter and Claverhouse, revealing historical change itself as problematic in Humean terms and requiring a leap of faith. James Hogg contests this presentation of the Covenanters by re-enchanting them as supposed brownies, as mediators of history and nature, and in his Three Perils of Man reprises Scott’s wizard Michael Scott pitted against Roger Bacon and his ‘black book’ the Bible to present the Reformation as an eternal reality.

Olsen, Jason. Intersecting Genre. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350288683.

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Creative writing takes on many genres, or forms: fiction, poetry, nonfiction and dramatic writing. Whilst all have their own principles and ‘rules’, all modes of writing overlap and borrow from each other, and so what you learn in one form can influence, inform and inspire your practice in others. Intersecting Genre holds this idea at its heart, embracing the dissolution of disciplinary and genre boundaries to discuss the ways each genre supports the others. Whilst traditional approaches typically discuss one genre independent of others, this book explores genre relationships with each chapter focusing on the intersection between 2 modes and what you can learn and the skills you can transfer by combining the wisdom gained from the study of, for example, fiction and poetry together. With most introductory creative writing courses aiming to apprise you of such mechanics of writing as narrative, pace, vocabulary, dialogue, imagery and viewpoint, Intersecting Genre is the ideal companion, offering a unique methodology that analyses these ideas as they feature across the different genres, thus giving you the ultimate, well-rounded introduction before you settle into the modes of writing that best suit you as your progress with your writing. Covering fiction, poetry, nonfiction, writing plays and screenwriting, and also taking stock of the forms that do not fit neatly into any genre silo, this book uses models, critical questions, writing warm-ups and writing practice exercises to give you a solid understanding of the points discussed and encouraging you to put them to practice in your own work. With the field of creative writing evolving constantly, and with approaches to teaching and learning the subject vast and continually expanding, this book offers a dynamic, and uniquely holistic method for developing your writing skills, asking you to deeply consider the issues, and possibilities, present in genre.

Частини книг з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Trhal, Nadja. "Partnership Dissolution Mechanisms." In Experimental Studies on Partnership Dissolution, R&D Investment, and Gift Giving, 5–75. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-24667-9_2.

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Bournaud, Frederic, and Francoise Combes. "Bar Dissolution and Reformation Mechanisms." In Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 165–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2862-5_13.

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Shen, Dejian, and Xin Wang. "Simulation on Dissolution Mechanisms of Tricalcium Silicate." In Simulation on Hydration of Tricalcium Silicate in Cement Clinker, 13–38. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4598-6_2.

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Schott, Jacques, and Robert A. Berner. "Dissolution Mechanisms of Pyroxenes and Olivines During Weathering." In The Chemistry of Weathering, 35–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5333-8_3.

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Christoffersen, Jørgen, and Margaret R. Christoffersen. "Kinetics and Mechanisms of Crystal Growth and Dissolution." In The Experimental Determination of Solubilities, 77–97. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470867833.ch2.

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Oelkers, Eric H. "A Comparison of Forsterite and Enstatite Dissolution Rates and Mechanisms." In Growth, Dissolution and Pattern Formation in Geosystems, 253–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9179-9_12.

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de Meer, Siese, and Christopher J. Spiers. "On Mechanisms and Kinetics of Creep by Intergranular Pressure Solution." In Growth, Dissolution and Pattern Formation in Geosystems, 345–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9179-9_16.

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Bílý, Matěj. "New Vision for the Warsaw Pact and Changes in Its Mechanisms." In The Warsaw Pact, 1985-1991- Disintegration and Dissolution, 29–66. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003333463-4.

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Matsuura, Hiroyuki, Qian Zhou, Fuminori Katabe, Likun Zang, Guohua Zhang, and Fumitaka Tsukihashi. "Dissolution Mechanisms of Nutrient Elements from Steelmaking Slag into Seawater." In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts 2016, 829–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48769-4_88.

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Matsuura, Hiroyuki, Qian Zhou, Fuminori Katabe, Likun Zang, Likun Zang, Guohua Zhang, Guohua Zhang, and Fumitaka Tsukihashi. "Dissolution Mechanisms of Nutrient Elements from Steelmaking Slag into Seawater." In Advances in Molten Slags, Fluxes, and Salts, 827–36. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333197.ch88.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Bertaux, J., and Z. R. Lemanczyk. "Importance of Dissolution/Precipitation Mechanisms in Sandstone-Alkali Interactions." In SPE International Symposium on Oilfield Chemistry. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/16278-ms.

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Chung, Dongyoun, Peter J. Heaney, Jeff Post, Joanne Stubbs, and Peter J. Eng. "CRYSTAL STRUCTURE-DEPENDENT DISSOLUTION MECHANISMS OF FE OXIDES/ HYDROXIDES." In GSA Connects 2023 Meeting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Geological Society of America, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2023am-391685.

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Cheng, Ankang, and Nian-Zhong Chen. "Corrosion Fatigue Mechanisms and Fracture Mechanics Based Modelling for Subsea Pipeline Steels." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61555.

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Subsea structures such as pipelines are vulnerable to environment-assisted crackings (EACs). As a type of EAC, corrosion fatigue (CF) is almost inevitable. For such a process, stress corrosion (SC) and hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) are the two mainly driving mechanisms. And it was further pointed out that slip dissolution (SD) and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) should be responsible for SC and HAC respectively. Based on such a fact, a two-component physical model for estimating the CF crack propagation rate was proposed. The proposed model was built in a frame of fracture mechanics integrated with a dissolution model for C-Mn steel and a newly established model by the authors accounting for the influence from HE upon crack propagation. The overall CF crack propagation rate is the aggregate of the two rates predicted by the two sub-individual models, and then the crack propagation time is calculated accordingly. The model has been proven to be capable of capturing the features of HE influenced fatigue cracking behaviour as well as taking mechanical factors such as the loading frequency and stress ratio into account by comparison with the experimental data of X42 and X65 pipeline steels.

Zhu, Chen, Yilun Zhang, Lei Gong, and Joseph Burkhart. "Silicate dissolution reaction mechanisms and rates as foundational science for carbon sequestration." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.10629.

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Liu, Xiliang, Hao Chen, Jin Yang, and Shenglai Yang. "Dynamic Behavior of Salt Dissolution and Its Effect on Imbibition in Inter-Salt Oil Reservoir Due to Fracturing Fluid Injection." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 83rd EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209641-ms.

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Abstract Billions of tons in proven reserves for inter-salt shale oil has been recognized as crucial strategic resources. The fracturing fluids injection triggers unique salt dissolution chemical phenomena, which on the one hand improves the reservoir pore structure and on the other hand easily induces formation collapse. However, there is no research on triggering mechanism and controlling factors of salt dissolution, and effect of slat dissolution on extremely important imbibition function in inter-salt shale formation is lack of understanding. Herein, the complex mechanism of inter-salt shale dissolution reaction was revealed based on microcosmic pore structure network. The effect of salt dissolution on imbibition in inter-salt shale formation was assessed from various angles, which was conducted by online nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-quality focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and CT technologies. The results indicate that high temperature improves slat dissolution reaction and enhances the seepage capacity by more than 60 times, which sharply exceeds the influence of fracturing fluid salinity, flow rate and pressure in inter-slat formation. Three kinds of pores for imbibition recovery contribution were 48.17%, 46.39%, and 5.44%, namely micropore, mesopore and macropore, respectively. Additionally, salt dissolution enlarged seepage channel so that spontaneous imbibition occurred in micropores, which was considered as conventionally unmovable areas. Besides, the salt dissolution effect mainly promoted oil discharge in the second stage of imbibition process, leading to 15.83% higher imbibition recovery. These results can furnish an in-depth understanding the nature of complicated mechanisms in inter-slat shale oil reservoirs with fracturing fluids injection.

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Mura, Miki, and Mukul M. Sharma. "Mechanisms of Degradation of Cement in CO2 Injection Wells: Maintaining the Integrity of CO2 Seals." In SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Formation Damage Control. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217872-ms.

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Abstract The degradation of cement due to CO2 exposure affects its transport and mechanical properties, resulting in potential fluid leakage from wells used for CCUS. This study focused on investigating the mechanisms of cement degradation in CO2 injection wells. We employ a fully integrated 3-D reservoir simulator that incorporates fluid flow, geomechanics, and geochemistry, along with a new model designed to accurately replicate the changes in rock properties resulting from cement degradation. Chemical reactions, including dissolution and precipitation, between CO2-rich brine and cement minerals are modeled, allowing for changes in rock and cement properties. Porosity is recalculated considering volume changes due to chemical reactions, and permeability is reevaluated using the Kozeny-Carman equation. Based on the simulation results, the chemo-mechanical composite layer model reassesses mechanical properties, considering the mineral composition of cement. According to the simulation results, the chemical changes in cement exhibited three stages: 1) dissolution of primary minerals, 2) precipitation of carbonates, and 3) re-dissolution of carbonates. While reactions 1 and 2 played a major role, they led to a decrease in rock porosity and a degradation of mechanical properties. However, as the dissolution of primary minerals diminished and the transition from stage 2 to stage 3 began, the porosity increased, accompanied by an increase in mechanical stiffness. The predicted values of porosity were compared to experimental data obtained from prior studies, confirming their consistency for short-term CO2 exposure, which can be reproduced in experiments. These mechanisms of cement degradation and the alteration of mechanical properties that occur in CO2 injection wells agree well with experiments. Our numerical simulator that fully integrates flow, geochemistry, and geomechanics with a chemical reaction model can be used to model more complex cement geometries to evaluate the risks of CO2 escape along the wellbore annulus.

Sobolev, V. V., and J. M. Guilemany. "Mechanisms of Oxidation of Thermally Sprayed Coatings." In ITSC 1999, edited by E. Lugscheider and P. A. Kammer. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1999p0045.

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Abstract This paper investigates the oxidation that occurs during the flight movement of a powder particle and during the spatter solidification in the thermal spray process. The effects of oxidation on droplet flattening, on the mechanical and thermal interactions between spatter and substrate, on spatter morphology, on porosity, and on adhesion are studied. The influence of wetting and oxygen dissolution is analyzed. The experimental results show that during High Velocity Oxy-Fuel spraying of the chromium carbide-nickel-chromium powder, the relative mass of chromium oxide in the coating is about 4.95%. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental observations. Paper includes a German-language abstract.

Yan, Jun, Mingyue Cui, Anle He, Ning Qi, Weixiang Cui, and Xiaohong Wen. "Study on Boundary of Control Models and Mechanisms of Acid Rock Reaction in Carbonate Reservoirs with Different Dolomite Mass Fraction." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21315-ms.

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Abstract The understanding of acid rock reaction kinetics is the basis for the proposal of carbonate rock acidizing and acid fracturing. So far, the study of acid rock reaction kinetics in carbonate reservoirs is mostly focused on limestone reservoirs. The difference in acid rock reaction characteristics between limestone and dolomite reservoirs is obvious. In order to clarify the boundaries of control models and mechanisms of acid rock reaction in dolomite reservoirs, to guide the optimization of acidizing and acid fracturing proposal for carbonate reservoirs with different dolomite contents. The experimental study of acid rock reaction kinetics was completed with carbonate cores with different dolomite mass fraction, and the difference of acid corrosion mechanism between limestone and dolomite was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The dolomite acid rock reaction kinetics equation under the control of different factors was established, and it was clarified that the temperature 90°C and the rotation speed 500r/min are the boundary of the surface reaction and mass transfer control mode. The study found that under the same experimental conditions, the acid rock reaction rate of dolomite is much lower than that of limestone; as the dolomite mass fraction increases, the acid rock reaction rate decreases rapidly, when the dolomite content exceeds 75%, the reaction rate of acid rock is reduced to the lowest and tends to be stable. Limestone is dominated by surface dissolution, with good dissolution effect, fast dissolution rate; dolomite is dominated by point dissolution, with holes on the surface, poor dissolution effect and low dissolution rate. Compared with limestone, the particle size of dolomite crystal is much larger, and the specific surface area is small, which is also the reaction rate of acid rock in dolomite is slower than limestone, this is also a main reason why the reaction rate of dolomite acid rocks is slower than that of limestone. So the acidizing or acid fracturing methodology of the dolomite reservoir is different from that of the limestone reservoir. The acid rock reaction rate and hydrochloric acid concentration should be appropriately increased within the allowable range to improve the uneven etching of the fracture wall, thereby increasing increase the conductivity of acid fracture.

Lemmens, Karel, Marc Aertsens, Véra Pirlet, Hélène Serra, Elie Valcke, Pierre De Cannière, and Pierre Van Iseghem. "Measurement of Glass Corrosion in Boom Clay Disposal Conditions." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1286.

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Abstract To estimate the life-time of vitrified high level waste (HLW-glass) in geological disposal conditions in Boom Clay, the dissolution behaviour of waste glass has been studied in experiments in surface laboratories and in the HADES underground research facility of SCK•CEN since the 1980’s. The programme consists mainly of dissolution tests. The purpose of these tests is to understand the basic glass dissolution mechanisms, and to demonstrate realistic long-term dissolution rates. The main experimental variables are glass composition, environmental materials, temperature, and test duration. The studied glasses are the COGEMA glass R7T7, and the PAMELA glasses with SM539, SM527 and SM513 glass frit. The environmental materials comprise Boom Clay, metallic corrosion products and engineered barrier materials. Dissolution tests have been performed at temperatures from 40 to 190°C, for test durations from days to several years. The tests are performed with inactive glasses, which can be doped with radionuclides of interest. Because of the importance of silica sorption by the environmental materials, the dissolution test programme was extended with silica diffusion- and sorption tests in Boom Clay and FoCa clay. The interpretation of the experimental results is supported by geochemical and kinetic modeling. In the area of kinetic modeling, both analytical and Monte Carlo codes are applied. The dissolution tests have demonstrated that, although the presence of Boom Clay initially increases the glass dissolution rate, the long-term dissolution rate decreases for diluted clay / clay water slurries. This decrease has not yet been demonstrated for the R7T7 glass in compact Boom Clay, but is expected to occur here also on the long term. The dissolution rate decreases faster after sufficient addition of glass powder to the medium. This was tested in experiments with the R7T7 glass at relatively high clay concentration (2000 g of humid Boom Clay per liter clay water, this is about half the solid/liquid ratio of compact Boom Clay), at 40 and 90°C. Linear interpolation of the long-term mass losses resulted in dissolution rates of ∼ 0.01 g.m−2.day−1. The statistical uncertainties on the dissolution test results did not allow to demonstrate smaller rates. The minimum statistically significant dissolution rate depends on the test conditions. Therefore, the present SCK•CEN programme includes dissolution tests at long-term near-field conditions (this is at 30°C, with compact Boom Clay and FoCa clay), which are considered more representee for the long-term situation. In view of the uncertainties on the experimental long-term dissolution rates and on the long-term dissolution mechanisms, rates smaller than 0.01 g.m−2.day1 (about 1 μ/year) should not be used as best estimate in the present performance assessment studies for disposal in Boom Clay. A constant dissolution rate of 0.01 g.m−2.day−1 would correspond to a dissolution time for a R7T7 glass package of approximately 150 000 years. The minimum dissolution time is of the order of 104 years.

Звіти організацій з теми "Dissolution mechanisms":

Stack, Andrew G. Reaction mechanisms for barite dissolution and growth. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1107642.

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Wicks, G. G. Glass Dissolution Mechanisms - Part 1 MCC-1 Static Leachability Data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/787809.

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Isaacs, H. S., M. P. Ryan, S. Virtanen, and P. Schmuki. Current distributions and dissolution mechanisms during localized corrosion of steels in alkaline environments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663556.

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Ostrom, Gregory S., and Daniel A. Buttry. Quartz Crystal Microbalance Studies of Deposition and Dissolution Mechanisms of Electrochromic Films of Diheptylviologen Bromide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada196010.

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Fessler. L52040 The Mechanisms of High-pH and Near-Neutral pH SCC-Unresolved Issues and Experimental Techniques. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011285.

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Key unresolved issues related to the mechanisms of high-pH and near-neutral-pH stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) were identified based upon a review of the technical literature. It was determined that the mechanism of high-pH SCC is well understood, the key outstanding issue being related to the factors that affect the micro-creep properties of a steel, which seem to be the primary determinant of its susceptibility to SCC. The mechanism of near-neutral-pH SCC is not so well understood. Both dissolution and hydrogen appear to be involved, but their relative roles remain to be determined. Some experimental methods that have been used to study near-neutral-pH SCC may have produced misleading results, in that they may have introduced other failure mechanisms such as corrosion fatigue or hydrogen embrittlement, which would not be expected under normal operating conditions for a gas pipeline. Additional research into the liquid environment responsible for near-neutral-pH SCC, the time dependence of crack growth rates, and metallurgical factors influencing the susceptibility of a steel would be useful.

Parkins, R. N., and R. R. Fessler. NG-18-85-R01 Line Pipe Stress Corrosion Cracking Mechanisms and Remedies. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), March 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012143.

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Stress corrosion cracking of line pipe from the soil side involves slow crack growth at stresses which may be as low as half the yield strength, this slow crack growth continuing until the crack penetrates the wall to produce a leak or until the stress intensity on the uncracked ligament reaches the value for a fast fracture to penetrate the wall thickness. The controlling parameters that contribute to the mechanism of failure, essentially involving growth by dissolution in the grain boundary regions, are, as with other systems displaying such failure, electrochemical, mechanical, and metallurgical, acting conjointly. Electrochemical influences relate to environment composition, potential, and its variation under disbonded coatings and temperature, whilst mechanical factors of significance include pressure variations, and their time dependence, as well as maximum pressure. Metallurgical parameters, whilst not yet fully understood, including those aspects of steel composition and structure that influence grain boundary composition and the microplasticity associated with load changes, as well as surface condition, e.g. the presence or otherwise of mill scale. These controlling parameters indicate the remedial measures available for control of the problem, although some, for practical or economic reasons, are not invariably applicable. Thus, control by metallurgical approaches or through coatings or manipulation of the surface conditions is only applicable to future lines, but for those already in existence lowering the temperature, limiting pressure fluctuations and more precise control of cathodic protection should help alleviate the problem.

Illangasekare, Tissa, Luca Trevisan, Elif Agartan, Hiroko Mori, Javier Vargas-Johnson, Ana Gonzalez-Nicolas, Abdullah Cihan, Jens Birkholzer, and Quanlin Zhou. Intermediate Scale Laboratory Testing to Understand Mechanisms of Capillary and Dissolution Trapping during Injection and Post-Injection of CO₂ in Heterogeneous Geological Formations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222579.

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Chen, Weixing. PR378-173601-Z01 Effect of Pressure Fluctuations on the Growth Rate of Near-Neutral pH SCC. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012112.

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This report summarizes the work completed in PRCI SCC-2-12A project: The Effect of Pressure Fluctuations on the Growth Rate of Near-Neutral pH SCC, which is Phase 3 of the work on the same subject of investigation. The following insights from the current phase of the PRCI SCC-2-12A project are thought to be the most important: - Near neutral pH crack initiation is pressure-fluctuation dependent. Severe pressure fluctuations accelerate the fracture and spallation of mill scale on the pipeline steel surfaces, making it harder to initiate SCC cracks from the bottom of pits that are developed at flawed mill scale sites. On the other hand, the presence of a primer layer before application of the protective coating preserves the mill scale on the pipe steel surface and promotes crack initiation. - The early-stage crack growth primarily features crack length extension on the pipe surface but limited crack growth in the depth direction. Three different mechanisms of crack length extension have been identified, including that determined by the geometry of coating disbondment, a chaotic process of crack coalescence, and the ability of existing cracks to induce further crack initiation and growth. This latter process is pressure-fluctuation sensitive. - A complete set of equations governing crack growth in Stage 2 has been established based on experimental specimens with surface cracks under mechanical loading conditions realistic to pressure fluctuations during the operation of oil and gas pipelines. - The contribution to crack growth by direct dissolution of the steel at the crack tip has been determined, which has been found to be crack depth-dependent and pressure-fluctuation-sensitive. Gas pipelines operated under high mean pressure show higher rates of dissolution. - The severity of crack growth and the accuracy of the predictive model can be significantly affected by crack tip morphology, either sharp or blunt, and this would yield different threshold values for Stage 2 crack growth and therefore different lengths of remaining life. - Full scale testing was performed and has validated the crack growth models contained herein. - The PipeOnline software has been revised to incorporate the new experimental results obtained from the current PRCI SCC 2-12A project. This PipeOnline software was previously developed from the two earlier phases of the PRCI project.

Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova, and Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.

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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the environmental fate and risks related to NP exposure. Carbon-based nanomaterials embedded with metal NPs demonstrate a great potential to serve as catalyst and disinfectors. Hence, synthesis of novel carbon-based nanocomposites and testing them in the environmentally relevant conditions (particularly in the DOM presence) is important for their implementation in water purification. Sorption of DOM on Ag-Ag₂S NPs, CeO₂ NPs and synthesized Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotubebifunctional composite has been studied. High DOM concentration (50mg/L) decreased the adsorptive and catalytic efficiencies of all synthesized NPs. Recyclable Ag-Fe₃O₄-carbon nanotube composite exhibited excellent catalytic and anti-bacterial action, providing complete reduction of common pollutants and inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria at environmentally relevant DOM concentrations (5-10 mg/L). Our composite material may be suitable for water purification ranging from natural to the industrial waste effluents. We also examined the role of maize (Zeamays L.)-derived root exudates (a form of DOM) and their components on the aggregation and dissolution of CuONPs in the rhizosphere. Root exudates (RE) significantly inhibited the aggregation of CuONPs regardless of ionic strength and electrolyte type. With RE, the critical coagulation concentration of CuONPs in NaCl shifted from 30 to 125 mM and the value in CaCl₂ shifted from 4 to 20 mM. This inhibition was correlated with molecular weight (MW) of RE fractions. Higher MW fraction (> 10 kDa) reduced the aggregation most. RE also significantly promoted the dissolution of CuONPs and lower MW fraction (< 3 kDa) RE mainly contributed to this process. Also, Cu accumulation in plant root tissues was significantly enhanced by RE. This study provides useful insights into the interactions between RE and CuONPs, which is of significance for the safe use of CuONPs-based antimicrobial products in agricultural production. Wheat root exudates (RE) had high reducing ability to convert Ag+ to nAg under light exposure. Photo-induced reduction of Ag+ to nAg in pristine RE was mainly attributed to the 0-3 kDa fraction. Quantification of the silver species change over time suggested that Cl⁻ played an important role in photoconversion of Ag+ to nAg through the formation and redox cycling of photoreactiveAgCl. Potential electron donors for the photoreduction of Ag+ were identified to be reducing sugars and organic acids of low MW. Meanwhile, the stabilization of the formed particles was controlled by both low (0-3 kDa) and high (>3 kDa) MW molecules. This work provides new information for the formation mechanism of metal nanoparticles mediated by RE, which may further our understanding of the biogeochemical cycling and toxicity of heavy metal ions in agricultural and environmental systems. Copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNPs) at 1:1 and 1:4 ratios of Cu and S were synthesized, and their respective antifungal efficacy was evaluated against the pathogenic activity of Gibberellafujikuroi(Bakanae disease) in rice (Oryza sativa). In a 2-d in vitro study, CuS decreased G. fujikuroiColony- Forming Units (CFU) compared to controls. In a greenhouse study, treating with CuSNPs at 50 mg/L at the seed stage significantly decreased disease incidence on rice while the commercial Cu-based pesticide Kocide 3000 had no impact on disease. Foliar-applied CuONPs and CuS (1:1) NPs decreased disease incidence by 30.0 and 32.5%, respectively, which outperformed CuS (1:4) NPs (15%) and Kocide 3000 (12.5%). CuS (1:4) NPs also modulated the shoot salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonic acid (JA) production to enhance the plant defense mechanisms against G. fujikuroiinfection. These results are useful for improving the delivery efficiency of agrichemicals via nano-enabled strategies while minimizing their environmental impact, and advance our understanding of the defense mechanisms triggered by the NPs presence in plants.

Wilmont, Martyn, Greg Van Boven, and Tom Jack. GRI-96-0452_1 Stress Corrosion Cracking Under Field Simulated Conditions I. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011963.

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Electrochemical measurements have been performed on polished and mill scaled steel samples. The solutions investigated have included carbonate bicarbonate mixtures of varying pH as well as solutions of neutral pH such as NS4. Results indicate that the mechanism of corrosion associated with the carbonate bicarbonate environments involves passive film formation. No such passivation is observed for solutions associated with neutral pH SCC. Electrochemical corrosion rates measured on polished steel specimens exposed to NS4 solutions in the pH range 5 to 6.8 were in the region of 5 x 10e-1 to 1 x 10e-2 mm/s. However, rates obtained on mill scaled surfaces went much lower and in the region of 5 x 10e-10 mm/s. Field determined crack propagation rates are estimated to be in the region of 2 x 10e-8 mm/s. Whilst the laboratory determined corrosion rates are lower than the field propagation rate it should be remembered that the laboratory rates were obtained on unstressed specimens. The application of load would be expected to increase the corrosion rate and may indicate that stress focused dissolution process may be sufficient to explain the propagation of neutral pH stress corrosion cracks. However, as hydrogen evolution is the most likely cathodic reaction involved in the mechanism of neutral pH SCC the role of hydrogen in the crack propagation mechanism may also be important.