Дисертації з теми "Dispositifs à transitions métal-Isolant"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Dispositifs à transitions métal-Isolant".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Leroy, Jonathan. "Caractéristiques électriques non-linéaires de la transition isolant-métal du dioxyde de vanadium (VO2) : application à la conception de métamatériaux accordables dans le domaine térahertz." Limoges, 2013. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/4a7ab1e6-0a6f-43e4-b594-c062f01f45d2/blobholder:0/2013LIMO4018.pdf.
The research presented in this manuscript focus on studying the non-linear electrical characteristics of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) and their applications towards the fabrication of tunable terahertz (THz) metamaterials. The MIT transition in VO2 can be triggered in different ways (thermal, electrical and optical) and is accompanied by different changes in material properties (conductivity, optical and dielectric properties). We studied the electrical non-linearities of the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of VO2 based devices during the electrically triggering of the MIT transition. This study highlights a percolative-type MIT transition based on a thermal mechanism. Based on these findings, we design, fabricate and characterize tunable THz metamaterials (0. 1 – 1 THz) integrating VO2 films and patterns. The THz frequency response of the hybrid metamaterials is significantly changing as the VO2 material is performing a reversible thermally or electrically-driven MIT. Our research is opening new, interesting concepts towards the THz tunable and active systems and can be easily transposed for realizing active metamaterial-based devices in the infrared and visible optical domains
Delacour, Corentin. "Architecture Design for Analog Oscillatory Neural Networks." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMONS069.
Digitalization of society creates important quantities of data that have been increasing at an exponential rate during the past few years. Despite the tremendous technological progress, digital computers have trouble meeting the demand, especially for challenging tasks involving artificial intelligence or optimization problems. The fundamental reason comes from the architecture of digital computers which separates the processor and memory and slows down computations due to undesired data transfers, the so-called von Neumann bottleneck. To avoid unnecessary data movement, various computing paradigms have been proposed that merge processor and memory such as neuromorphic architectures that take inspiration from the brain and physically implement artificial neural networks. Furthermore, rethinking digital operations and using analog physical laws to compute has the potential to accelerate some tasks at a low energy cost.This dissertation aims to explore an energy-efficient physical computing approach based on analog oscillatory neural networks (ONN). In particular, this dissertation unveils (1) the performances of ONN based on vanadium dioxide oscillating neurons with resistive synapses, (2) a novel mixed-signal and scalable ONN architecture that computes in the analog domain and propagates the information digitally, and (3) how ONNs can tackle combinatorial optimization problems whose complexity scale exponentially with the problem size. The dissertation concludes with discussions of some promising future research directions
Sadiq, Mohammad Nikhian. "Conception et développement de dispositifs hyperfréquences à reconfiguration rapide à partir de matériaux à transition isolant-métal (MIT) : application au dioxyde de vanadium (VO2)." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0109.
This thesis, conducted at Lab−STICC as part of the ANR MUFRED project, focuses on the study, the design and the development of reconfigurable microwave devices based on vanadium dioxide (a metal-insulator transition material). This multidisciplinary project – from material deposition and study to the design and characterization of RF devices by way of optical control – aims to demonstrate the VO2 performances as a tuning element for fast (about ten nanoseconds) to ultra-fast (about hundred picoseconds) switching.With this aim in mind, this work begins with a characterization of vanadium dioxide as a tuning element before integrating it into reconfigurable RF devices.Thus, the first VO2 based switches, SPST, SP2T and SP4T are designed for control of the metal-insulator transition with an electrical or optical command. These switches are subsequently used in the design of reconfigurable 1-bit (relative phase shift of 0° and − 45°) and 2-bits (relative phase shift of 0°, − 90°, − 180° and − 270°) switched lines True Time Delay phase shifters.Then this study focuses on the proof-of-concept targeted by the MUFRED project, i.e. a reconfigurable phased array antennas based on VO2 switches. The performances of each RF blocks involved in its design are described, presented and analyzed.The first demonstrators carried out make it possible to foresee prospects for improvement in the short and long term
Seidemann, Johanna. "Iontronic - Étude de dispositifs à effet de champ à base des techniques de grilles liquides ioniques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY075/document.
Ionic liquids are non-volatile fluids, consisting of cations and anions, which are ionically conducting and electrically insulating and hold very high capacitances. These liquids have the ability to not only to replace solid electrolytes, but to create strongly increased electric fields (>SI{10}{megavoltpercentimetre}) in the so-called electric double layer (EDL) on the electrolyte/channel interface, which leads to the injection of 2D charge carrier densities up to SI{e15}{cm^{-2}}. The remarkably strong gate effect of ionic liquids is diminished in the presence of trapped states and roughness-induced surface disorder, which points out that atomically flat transition metal dichalcogenides of high crystal quality are some of the semiconductors best suited for EDL-gating.We realised EDL-gated field-effect transistors based on multi-walled ce{WS2} nanotubes with operation performance comparable to that of EDL-gated thin flakes of the same material and superior to the performance of backgated ce{WS2} nanotubes. For instance, we observed mobilities of up to SI{80}{squarecentimetrepervoltpersecond} for both p- and n-type charge carriers and our current on-off ratios exceed SI{e5}{} for both polarities. At high electron doping levels, the nanotubes show metallic behaviour down to low temperatures. The use of an electrolyte as topgate dielectric allows the purely electrostatic formation of a pn-junction. We successfully fabricated a light-emitting transistor taking advantage of this utility.The ability of high charge carrier doping suggests an electrostatically induced metal phase or superconductivity in large gap semiconductors. We successfully induced low temperature metallic conduction into intrinsic diamond with hydrogen-terminated surface via field-effect and we observed a gate effect in doped, metallic silicon.Ionic liquids have many advantageous properties, but their applicability suffers from the instability of their liquid body, gate leakage currents and absorption of impurities. An effective way to bypass most of these problems, while keeping the ability of ultra-high charge carrier injection, is the gelation of ionic liquids. We even went one step further and fabricated modified ion gel films with the cations fixed on one surface and the anions able to move freely through the film. With this tool, we realised a novel low-power field-effect diode
Tran, Ngoc Linh. "Mid-Infrared Intersubband Polaritonic Devices." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST001.
Intersubband (ISB) polaritons are the result of the strong light-matter coupling regime between intersubband transitions in doped quantum wells and a microcavity photonic mode. Owing to their bosonic nature, ISB polaritons can be subject to final state stimulated scattering via different mechanism such as polariton-polariton scattering or polariton-phonon scattering. ISB polaritons hold great promises in view of the development of a novel class of laser, which rely on final state stimulated scattering instead of the population inversion in conventional lasers. This thesis is devoted to the development of optoelectronic devices (lasers and modulators) based on ISB polaritons. In this respect, we have developed a metal-metal (MIM) cavity platform with a periodic opening on the top metallic mirror, which can be employed to perform both electrical and optical injection experiments within ISB polaritons.We have demonstrated the formation of ISB polaritons and their immunity to the presence of inhomogeneous broadening. In addition, we have optimized the linewidth of ISB transitions via an epitaxial growth technique known as growth interruption. Using these MIM cavities, we have successfully demonstrated the evidence of polaritons scattering towards a final state via their interaction with longitudinal optical (LO) phonons under resonant injection of coherent light. We have also developed free-space amplitude modulators, which rely on the change of reflectance of the strong coupling regime to which a radio frequency (RF) bias is applied. Finally, we have shown the existence of a new form of excitonic state within the conduction band of doped Quantum Wells. For this demonstration, we have taken advantage of the strong confinement offered by MIM resonator to bind together the repulsive charges of an ionizing transition.frequency range. In the presented work, we have developed a metal-metal cavity platform with a periodic opening on the top metallic mirror, which can be employed to perform both electrical and optical injection experiments. We have shown the formation of ISB polaritons and we have addressed an issue related to polaritons, i.e., the immunity of ISB polaritons to the presence of inhomogeneous broadening in active regions with high doping. In addition, we have optimized the linewidth of ISB transitions via epitaxial growth techniques such as modulation doping and the growth interruption. Using the metal-metal cavity platform, we have successfully demonstrated the optical pumping experiment into a bright polariton state to reveal the evidence of the polariton scattering towards a final state via interaction with the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon. We have also developed free-space amplitude modulators, which rely on the modulation of the strong coupling regime at a high speed via an applied electric field. Lastly, we have experimentally investigated a new type of the strong coupling regime for bound-to-continuum transitions in quantum well. This finding indicated that the strong light-matter coupling can non-perturbatively modify the excitation nature (ionizing), leading to the formation of polariton modes with the bound state nature
Marrache-Kikuchi, Claire. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Marrache-Kikuchi, Claire Akiko. "Effets dimensionnels dans un système désordonné au voisinage des transitions métal-isolant et supraconducteur-isolant." Paris 11, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325067.
Low temperature transport in disordered conducting materials imply quantum interference, Coulomb repulsion, and superconducting fluctuations. Since 2D is the lower critical dimension for the existence of metallic and superconducting states, we have studied two quantum phase transitions – the Superconductor-to-Insulator Transition (SIT) and the Metal-to-Insulator Transition (MIT) – when the thickness of a disordered system – here a-NbSi – is lowered. The underlying problem is the transition between the different states and the conditions for a 2D metal to exist. We have studied the field and disorder-induced SIT. The principal characteristics we have observed (renormalization, role of the field orientation) are well explained by M. P. A. Fisher's theory. However, we do not find the critical exponents values and a universal resistance at the transition as predicted by this theory. Concerning the MIT, we have decreased the thickness of a metallic system to reach the dimension 2 and an insulating state. In both transitions, the passage to the insulating state clearly shows the existence of dissipative states at zero temperature that are not predicted by conventional theories. We propose an interpretation of all our results that implies the existence of a novel phase in 2D, a Bose Metal, between the superconducting and the metallic states. This new state has been predicted by recent theories. We trace the corresponding phase diagram for the model system NbSi with respect to concentration and film thickness
Akroune, Abdallah. "Transition métal-isolant dans les oxyfluorures V1-x Mx 02-2x F2x (M = Mg, Mn, Co, Ni) : étude des propriétés structurales, magnétiques et électriques." Aix-Marseille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX11173.
Vâju, George Cristian. "Transition isolant-métal et supraconductivité induites par pulse électrique dans les isolants de Mott AM4X8 (A=Ga, Ge ; M=V, Ta, Nb ; X=S, Se)." Nantes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NANT2028.
The chalcogenide lacunar spinel family AM4X8 (A = Ga, Ge ; M = V, Ta, Nb ; X = S, Se) is one of the rare examples of Mott insulators that become metallic under pressure, and even superconducting for GaTa4Se8 (TC = 8 K) et GaNb4Se8 (TC = 5. 7 K). During this PhD thesis, a non–volatile insulator to metal transition was obtained on single crystals of these compounds using a external stimuli very different than pressure : the application of electric pulses as short as 100 ns. This transition is reversible using opposite electrical current. In the “metallic like” state, GaTa4Se8 presents a superconducting state with a TC of about 5-7 K. The resistance does however not drop to zero, suggesting a granular superconductivity. This hypothesis is further confirmed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy studies, showing an electronic phase separation where two types of nanodomains coexist, metallic ones and extremely insulating ones, both immerged into the insulating majority phase. The mechanism of this pulse–induced reversible insulator – metal transition does not seem to be one of those already known in literature. Our results suggest the existence of a electrostrictive coupling that generates a local compression during the pulse application, leading to a bandwidth-change driven Mott transition. This study could be the first experimental evidence of such a phenomenon. The reversibility of the transition opens the way for the application of these materials in non-volatile RRAM memories
Choquet, Christophe. "Etude de la migration ionique dans les structures métal-isolant-silicium." Lyon, INSA, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ISAL0048.
Shin, Yu Ju. "Transition métal-isolant et propriétés de transport dans quelques systèmes d'oxydes à valence mixte." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR10526.
Sellier, Claire. "Structure et propriétés des oxydes quasi-1D β-SrxV6O15 : transition métal-isolant et gap de spin". Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2103.
The subject of this work is a study of the quasi-1D compounds SrxV6O15 (0. 5 x 1). These compounds is belong to the vanadium bronze family -AxV6O15 (A = Li+, Na+, Ag+, Cu+, Pb2+, Ca2+, Sr2+) discovered at the end of the fifties. Recently, the discovery of a metal-insulator transition and of superconductivity under pressure has triggered a renewal of interest for these mixed valence (V4+-V5+) compounds. This work presents a comprehensive study of the solid solution SrxV6O15 including synthesis, characterisation, structural and physical properties (magnetism, electrical conductivity) measurement. The isostructural and/or isoelectronic compounds CaxV6O15, PbxSr1-xV6O15 et NaxV6O15 were also studied as a comparison. The structural study shows an evolution of SrV6O15 crystallographic structure with temperature. A structural transition, associated with a metal-insulator transition (MIT) and charge ordering, appears at 170 K. DAFS (Diffraction Anomalous Fine Structure) spectroscopic measurements have been performed to try to determine charge ordering topology, which is a key issue to understand the physical properties of these compounds. Properties of SrxV6O15 have been studied in order to clarify the origin and mechanism of the MIT. Magnetic properties (macroscopic magnetic susceptibility, ESR, inelastic neutron scattering) which are different for monovalent or divalent A cation, confirm the existence of a spin gap in SrV6O15. Electrical conductivity measurements show the quasi-1D character and the polaronic nature carriers in SrV6O15. .
Crauste, Olivier. "Étude des transitions de phases quantiques supraconducteur -- isolant, métal -- isolant dans des matériaux amorphes désordonnés proches de la dimension 2." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00579256.
Boukhicha, Mohamed. "Propriétés électroniques et vibrationnelles de couches ultra-minces de MoS2." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066234.
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are a new class of materials with interesting physical properties and applications such as nanoelectronics and photonics. In this work, we have investigated the vibrational and electronic properties of mono and few layer MoS2. Nano-layers were fabricated by anodic bonding technique on glass substrate providing high quality samples. Different characterizations were carried out using near field scanning microscopy under ambient conditions. We also have measured phonons in single layer, few layers and bulk MoS2 using single and multiple phonon Raman scattering and off and on resonance conditions. In addition, we have detailed primary and secondary shearing and compression modes in MoS2. We found out that compression modes represent an overriding optical phonon contribution to the intrinsic thermal conductivity of MoS2 flakes, a crucial aspect of any use of these in future nano or microelectronic devices. Raman measurements were therefore supported by the DFT calculations. Transport measurements brighten up the high levels of doping achieved in anodic bonding devices, and enable the observation of a metal/insulator transition. Magnetoresistance measurements provide evidence of the weak localization effect in MoS2 nanolayers
Kaaouachi, Abdelhamid El. "Mécanismes de conduction à basse température au voisinage de la transition métal-isolant dans le phosphure d'indium." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10071.
Saadi, Mohamed. "Etude des mécanismes de commutation de résistance dans des dispositifs Métal (Ag) / Isolant (HfO2) / Métal, application aux mémoires résistives à pont conducteur (CBRAMs)." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT021/document.
The Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM) technology is attracting growing interest as a potential candidate for the next generation of nonvolatile memories. ReRAMs are MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) devices whose resistance can be tuned by voltage bias. Today the physical mechanisms at the origin of resistance switching are not yet fully understood and are still under debate. In the present work, we are interested in HfO2-based ReRAMs, with a focus on Conducting Bridge RAM (CBRAM) devices in which resistance transition is ascribed to anode metal diffusion. Our goal is to better identify phenomena which govern the high to low resistance transition. In this context, we study the impact of different metal electrodes. The role played by the anode and the cathode is elucidated. A qualitative model describing resistance transition is proposed. Conduction mechanisms in the low resistive state are also discussed. Finally, the impact of oxide structure is studied
Papandreou, Nicos. "Étude de la transition métal-isolant dans des films inhomogènes de Pd." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112270.
We have studied the effect of interference between microscopic and macroscopic disorder on the electronic transport properties of thin inhomogeneous palladium films, made up of both metallic clusters and holes. The samples were prepared by irradiation with heavy ions of medium energy. Irradiation creates damage, thins the film due to sputtering and, as a critical thickness is reached, creates holes. Measurements of resistance, Rutherford backscattering and electron microscopy, performed in situ at different steps of the irradiation allow us to deduce the structural parameters (electronic mean free path, thickness and metallic coverage) which govern the resistance. A model describing the evolution of the resistance with the lon fluence is proposed. Low-temperature electrical measurements reveal that macroscopic inhomogeneities amplify the effects of microscopic disorder. We observe a metal-insulator transition before the percolation threshold. A quantitative analysis of the temperature and magnetic field resistance dependences leads to a discussion of the change in transport mechanisms in both the metallic and insulating regimes
Kamal, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude de la distribution des états électroniques de NiO dans l'état fondamental : utilisation de l'approximation LSDA+U." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Kamal.Mohamed.SMZ9504.pdf.
The electronic state distribution of the NiO antiferromagnetic ground state has been studied within the local spin density approximation. All electrons, including the localized 3D electrons, are described by means of itinerant states according to the translational symmetry. The wave functions and energies are obtained self-consistently through a spin polarized linear combination of atomic orbitals method. Unlike a classical calculation, the charge fluctuations have been taken into account and related to a potential acting specifically on the 3D electrons. The main term in that potential is the on-site electrostatic interaction U between two electrons. The presence of U alters the repartition of the allowed and forbidden electronic states as well as the degree of hybridyzation of the eigenfunctions. The results show that the occupied 3D bands are narrow and nearly separated. The calculated gap value is in agreement with the experimental value when U is adjusted to 5. 4 eV. The occupied and empty 3D functions are those predicted by the ligand field applied to an atom in a cubic surrounding. The oxygen 2p bands reside below the small dispersive metallic 3D bands and confer a Mott insulating character to NiO. Nevertheless the full bands are not entirely pure because U enhances the ratio of the oxygen 2p functions within these bands. The theoretical electronic state diagram allows the interpretation of the whole experimental results particulary the optical absorption and the photoemission. Finally the satisfactory agreement with the angular photoemission spectra shows the ability of our approch to describe the ground state of NiO
Tiberj, Antoine. "Matériau SOI pour capteur à effet Hall." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20012.
Raczkowski, Marcin. "Propriétés des phases zébrées d'oxydes de métaux de transition [en anglais]." Caen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CAEN2012.
Monsterleet, Jean-Marc. "Contribution à l'étude de la magnétorésistance négative dans GaAs et InP dopés au voisinage de la transition métal-isolant." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-53.pdf.
Grygiel, Clara. "Etude multi-échelle de la transition métal-isolant de films minces du composé V2O3." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00330541.
L'objectif de ce travail de thèse consiste à synthétiser et à caractériser du point de vue structural et physique des films minces du composé V2O3, déposés par ablation laser pulsé, sur des substrats de saphir (0001-Al2O3). L'influence de la contrainte induite par le substrat et l'épaisseur, sur les propriétés du matériau a été particulièrement étudiée. Pour cela, une étude multi-échelle de la structure et des propriétés de transport électronique a été réalisée. Tout en conservant la structure R-3c du composé massif, il apparaît que les contraintes modifient fortement le comportement électrique de V2O3. Les résultats mettent en évidence une évolution surprenante autour de l'épaisseur critique 220Å. Ainsi, les films épais incompressibles, sont métalliques sur toute la gamme de température et la transition métal-isolant du composé massif est supprimée. En revanche, les films fins présentent une transition métal-isolant, comme le composé massif, en dessous de 150K. Grâce à des mesures sur des microponts, nous avons montré qu'une séparation de phases mésoscopiques permet d'expliquer l'origine de l'évolution macroscopique de la résistivité, ainsi que de la dépendance qualitative en épaisseur.
Coutanceau, Martine. "Un nouvel oxyde mixte de cobalt : TlSr₂CoO₅." Bordeaux 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR10701.
Zaghrioui, Mustapha. "Synthèse par pulvérisation et caractérisation de couches minces de NdNiO3 : étude de la transition métal-isolant par spectrométrie Raman." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA1010.pdf.
Gougam, Adel Badreddine. "Etude de la magnétorésistance négative et de la localisation faible dans les superréseaux GaAs-AlAs." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20176.
Bouadim, Karim. "Phases métalliques de fermions corrélés." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4079.
We study the possibility of interaction driven insulator to metal transitions and superconductivity in fermionic systems on lattices. We first introduce the Hubbard model which describes fermions in a crystal in the tight-binding limit. Then we show evidence for interaction-driven insulator-metal transitions in the ionic Hubbard model. At half-filling, when the interaction strength or the staggered potential dominates we find Mott and band insulator, respectively. When these two energies are of the same order we find a metallic phase. Then we study a bilayer Hubbard model which exhibits such insulator to metal transitions and shows an interesting superconducting signal. Finally, we study a bilayer Hubaard model which describes interacting fermions on a lattice whose on-site repulsion is modulated by a coupling to fluctuating bosonic field
Le, Bourdais David. "Microcapteurs de pression à base de manganites épitaxiées." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112021/document.
Functional perovskite oxides are of great interest for fundamental and applied research thanks to the numerous physical properties and inherent mechanisms they display. With the maturation of thin film deposition techniques, research teams are able to reproduce oxide films and nanostructures of great crystalline quality with some of the most remarkable properties found in physics, a state leading now to upper-level thoughts like their ability to fulfill industrial needs. This thesis work is an answer to some of the problematics that arise when considering the oxide transition from the research to the industrial world, by focusing on their integration for micromechanical devices (MEMS) such as sensors. In order to ease the access to MEMS manufacturing, it is of importance to allow the deposition of thin oxide films on semiconductor substrates. A first study show that these access bridges can be crossed when using appropriate buffer layers such as SrTiO3 deposited on Silicon or gallium arsenide – produced in close collaboration with INL by Molecular Beam Epitaxy - and yttria-stabilized zirconia directly grown on silicon by pulsed laser deposition, which adapts the surface properties of the substrate to perovksite-based materials. Formation of thin epitaxial and monocristalline films of functional oxides is thus allowed on such buffer layers. As an example, characterization of two mixed-valence manganites La0.80Ba0.20MnO3 and La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 demonstrates that both materials are of excellent crystalline quality on these semiconducting substrates and that their physical characteristics match the one found on classical oxide substrates like SrTiO3. Stress evolution in thin films, which has a major effect in epitaxial materials, is then addressed to quantify its impact on oxide microstructure viability. This work gives an identification of the most significant factors favoring stress generation in the case of the films we produced. Then, based on the deformation measurement of free-standing cantilevers made of manganites on pseudo-substrates, and with the support of appropriate analytical models, a new state of equilibrium is established, giving new information about the evolution of static stress from deposition to MEMS device manufacturing. Solutions to manage their reproducibility is then studied. From another perspective, free-standing microstructures made of monocristaline manganites were used to display the effect of dynamical strain on their electrical resistivity (piezoresistivity) and their inherent structures.Finally, a specific example of the capabilities of reproducible free-standing microbridges made of manganites is presented through the conception of a pressure gauge based on Pirani effect. Indeed, it is shown that the abrupt resistivity change this material exhibits near their metal-to-insulating transition creates high temperature coefficients in standard application environments that can be taken as an advantage to improve the sensibility and power consumption of such gauges whose development had significantly slowed down over the past years. A set of improvements on their sensitivity range and their signal acquisition is also presented. Combined to a specific and innovative package, it is also demonstrated that Pirani gauge capabilities can be enhanced and that the complete devices fulfill embedded application requirements
Frand, Geneviève. "Synthèse et caractérisation de couches minces obtenues à partir d'oxydes d'antimoineSynthèse et caractérisation des propriétés métal/isolant de la solution solide Sm1-xNdxNiO3." Le Mans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LEMA1008.
Ouennoughi, Zahir. "Contribution à l'étude des propriétés physiques et électroniques des structures métal-isolant-semi-conducteur sur INP : caractérisation optique et électrique des dispositifs MIS." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10221.
Gaonach, Christine. "Dilatation thermique à basse température dans les conducteurs organiques à transfert de charge (TMTSF) ₂X." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112094.
This thesis presents a study of low temperature behaviour of the lattice of quasi-1D charge transfer organic conductors (TMTSF)2X. For this, we develop a capacitance technique for thermal expansion measurements, which provides a very good precision (10-8 for ∆2/2) on the variation of the lattice parameters along the stacking axis of TMTSF (tetramethyltetraselenofulvalene) molecules. The results obtained on the two compounds (TMTSF)2PF6 and (TMTSF)2ClO4 have been correlated to their physical, electronic and structural properties at low temperature. Especially: - in (TMTSF)2PF6 no anomaly was observed at the metal to magnetic insulator transition at ambient pressure. - In (TMTSF)2ClO4 an extra contraction of the lattice accompanies the anion ordering of ClO4-; this term is proportional to the square of the order parameter deduced from X-ray measurements. A phenomenological Ising 3D analysis (treated first in a mean field approximation and then in a Bethe approximation) has been developed and allows us to estimate quantitatively the physical parameters of the model such as the effective interaction between the ions, its variation with the a-axis lattice constant and the elastic constant at the system along this axis
Roux, Jean-François. "Propriétés structurales et électriques de nanocermets Bi-SiOx préparés par une nouvelle technique : le dépôt d'agrégats." Lyon 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO10283.
Guiller, Alexandre. "Croissance épitaxiale d'oxydes fonctionnels sur silicium et caractérisation de couches minces d'oxydes de structure pérovskite." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S063.
Two complementary approaches to address the issues related to integrated circuits miniaturization were explored. The first one relates to high-κ materials as gate oxide: films of strontium titanate were grown on silicon by molecular beam epitaxy, using the stacking of a sacrificial Srontium barrier and a buffer layer. These strontium titanate films are of high crystalline quality and show very sharp interface with Silicon, the interfacial layer being only 5 Å thick. This template layer was very efficient for the epitaxial regrowth of other functional oxides, as exemplified in the case of the ferroelectrics. The second approach refers to the use of the Mott metal-insulator transition. A detailed study was carried out in the example of lanthanum titanate, a model material. The effect of growth parameters on the metal-insulator transition was examined in detail. The oxygen constant by substituting a fraction of Titanium by Hafnium: indeed, this doping successfully compensates the small drift in Ti valence related to a small additional oxygen excess
Mottaghizadeh, Alireza. "Non-conventional insulators : metal-insulator transition and topological protection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066652.
This manuscript presents an experimental study of unconventional insulating phases, which are the Anderson insulator, induced by disorder, the Mott insulator, induced by Coulomb interactions, and topological insulators.In a first part of the manuscript, I will describe the development of a method to study the charge response of nanoparticles through Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM). This method has been applied to magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles, a material that presents a metal-insulator transition, i.e. the Verwey transition, upon cooling the system below a temperature Tv=120K. In a second part, this manuscript presents a detailed study of the evolution of the Density Of States (DOS) across the metal-insulator transition between an Anderson-Mott insulator and a metallic phase in the material SrTiO3 and this, as function of dopant concentration, i.e. oxygen vacancies. We found that in this memristive type device Au-SrTiO3-Au, the dopant concentration could be fine-tuned through electric-field migration of oxygen vacancies. In this tunnel junction device, the evolution of the DOS can be followed continuously across the metal-insulator transition. Finally, in a third part, the manuscript presents the development of a method for the microfabrication of Aharonov-Bohm rings with the topological insulator material, Bi2Se3, grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Preliminary results on the quantum transport properties of these devices will be presented
Aubert, Flavien. "Étude conjointe par calculs ab-initio et analyse de la densité électronique du composé moléculaire (EDO-TTF)₂-PF₆ présentant une transition métal-isolant." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S146.
During this work, we have investigated, using DFT calculation and topological analysis of the electron density, the metal to insulator phase transition occuring in the organic compound (EDO-TTF)2PF6. This phase transition takes place at 278K but can also be photo-induced on pico-second time scale. It also exhibits many different aspects of phase transition : Peierls like instability, exotic 0 +1 +1 0 charge ordering of EDO-TTF tetramers and orientational ordering of PF6 ions. Using high and low temperature band structure as well as bond critical points analysis we could fit a tight-binding model to ab-initio calculations from which we have been able to find and characterize the charge density wave and propose a transition mechanism governed by coulombic interactions
Hajlaoui, Mahdi. "Entre métal et isolant : Dynamique ultrarapide dans l'isolant topologique Bi2Te3 et domaines microscopiques à la transition De Mott Dans V203." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00924392.
Wang, Fang. "Quantum phase transitions and fluctuations in space charge doped one unit-cell Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS436.
The superconductor-insulator transition in two dimensions is a continuous quantum phase transition at absolute zero temperature driven by external parameters like disorder, magnetic field, or carrier concentration. Such transitions have been induced in a variety of two dimensional superconductors by tuning different external parameters and studied with a finite-size scaling analysis. There is however not much uniformity in the findings as both the superconducting systems and the tuning parameters are diverse. In this thesis, we first fabricated high quality of one unit-cell BSCCO-2212 samples with anodic bonding technique, an original method of exfoliation developed in our laboratory for preparing high quality 2D crystals from layered bulk materials. Then we revealed the superconductor-insulator transition in the fabricated one unit-cell Bi2.1Sr1.9CaCu2O8+x by space charge doping, which in an effective field effect electrostatic doping technique. We determined the related critical parameters and develop a reliable way to estimate doping in the non-superconducting region, a crucial and central problem in these materials. Finite-size scaling analysis yields a critical doping of 0.057 holes/Cu, a critical resistance of ~ 6.85 kΩ and a scaling exponent product νz ~ 1.57. These results, together with earlier work in other materials, provide a coherent picture of the superconductor-insulator transition and its bosonic nature in the underdoped regime of emerging superconductivity in high critical temperature superconductors. Then in the latter part of this thesis, we also investigated the effects of inhomogeneity and fluctuations on superconducting transition on mesoscopic and nanoscopic scale both with simulation and with simulations and with analysis of transport measurements. The use of an ultra-thin sample also facilitates analysis on two fronts. Firstly, in two dimensions fluctuation phenomena related to the superconducting transition are exacerbated, making the analysis of changes in widths easier. Secondly aspects related to percolation and clustering can be easily simulated and compared with analytical models. Especially, the effects of fluctuations on the overdoped and underdoped side of the phase diagram of one unit-cell BSCCO-2212 are discussed. We discovered that the fluctuation regime in the underdoped part of the phase diagram is fundamentally different from that in the part where p > 0.19. We discussed the possible behaviour of cooper pairs related to our experimental results, as well as one existing theoretical explanation (BEC-BCStransition)
Thery, Virginie. "Etude de la microstructure et des transitions de phases électroniques et cristallines de couches épitaxiales de VO₂ déposées sur différents substrats." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0059/document.
The research presented in this manuscript deals the study of the effect of strain (epitaxial or thermal) on the structural and the electrical transitions of vanadium dioxide. VO₂ thin films have been synthesized by e-beam deposition and Pulsed Laser Deposition methods. The strain geometry is controlled by modifying, on the one hand, the nature of the substrates and, on the other hand, the thickness of thin films. In the case of (001) sapphire substrates (Al₂ O₃ ), the important lattice mismatch leads to a domain matching epitaxial growth mechanism, so that the residual strain solely result from the film/substrate thermal expansion mismatch. The study of the structural phase transition, using X-ray diffraction, and the study of the metal-insulator transition, using a 4-probes device, showed that the tensile strain along the cᵣ axis leads to an increase of the transition temperature (> 68◦ C). The appearance of an intermediate phase was demonstrated during the study of the structural phase transition. Growth on (001)- and (111)-TiO₂ substrates is characterized by a weaker lattice mismatch (∼ 1%), with a critical thickness of 4 nm, from which dislocations are created to relax the elastic energy. The study of electrical and structural transitions has shown that the evolution of transitions results from a competition between epitaxial distorsion, thermal distorsions and the presence of oxygen vacancies at the interface
Fruleux, Frédérique. "Conception, élaboration et caractérisation de dispositifs CMOS émergents : une nouvelle approche d'intégration de transistors multi-grille de type FinFet." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-287.pdf.
The incredible growth of semiconductor industry has been possible thanks to the extreme downscaling of CMOS devices up to nanometric dimensions. However to continue this evolution, it becomes necessary to introduce new device architectures. Ln that context, this study deals with one ( the most promising architecture : the CMOS double gate transistor, called FinFET. Ln particular, it presents an innovative process, named "spacer first", which gives a solution to the major technological challenges of such transistors. A second part of this work is focused on process development. 1) The optimization of the e-beam lithography leads to the realization of nanometric fins densely packed. 2) A 2-nm gate oxide is thermally grown uniformly around silicon fins. 3) An innovative damascene type process enables the realization of gate module (spacers included) without any stringers. 4) Metallic and low Schottky barrier junctions are integrated. Finally, the last section of this work is dedicated to the electrical characterization of the proposed devices and demonstrates the validity of this work thanks to electrical performances at the state of the art of Schottky barrier transistors
Mottaghizadeh, Alireza. "Non-conventional insulators : metal-insulator transition and topological protection." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066652/document.
This manuscript presents an experimental study of unconventional insulating phases, which are the Anderson insulator, induced by disorder, the Mott insulator, induced by Coulomb interactions, and topological insulators.In a first part of the manuscript, I will describe the development of a method to study the charge response of nanoparticles through Electrostatic Force Microscopy (EFM). This method has been applied to magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles, a material that presents a metal-insulator transition, i.e. the Verwey transition, upon cooling the system below a temperature Tv=120K. In a second part, this manuscript presents a detailed study of the evolution of the Density Of States (DOS) across the metal-insulator transition between an Anderson-Mott insulator and a metallic phase in the material SrTiO3 and this, as function of dopant concentration, i.e. oxygen vacancies. We found that in this memristive type device Au-SrTiO3-Au, the dopant concentration could be fine-tuned through electric-field migration of oxygen vacancies. In this tunnel junction device, the evolution of the DOS can be followed continuously across the metal-insulator transition. Finally, in a third part, the manuscript presents the development of a method for the microfabrication of Aharonov-Bohm rings with the topological insulator material, Bi2Se3, grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Preliminary results on the quantum transport properties of these devices will be presented
Baranov, Alexeï. "Apport de la spectroscopie Mössbauer à l'étude des phénomènes électroniques et structuraux au sein de réseaux oxygénés renfermant un élément de transition à un degré d'oxydation élevé." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13449.
This thesis is devoted to the study of electronic phenomena, structural and magnetic transitions through Mössbauer Spectroscopy using 57Fe as local probe (1 to 2% at. ). Three different matrixes have been selected: (i) the nickelates TNiO3 with the perovskite structure (T=rare-earth, Y, Tl), (ii) the copper 3+ oxides: LaCuO3 with the perovskite structure, SrLaCuO4 and La2Li0. 50Cu0. 50O4 with the K2NiF4-type structure, (iii) the oxide CaMn7O12 with a structure derived from the perovskite (CaMn )(Mn Mn4+)O12 where a Jahn-Teller cation (Mn3+) can occupy the A site. Mössbauer spectroscopy has allowed to underline the following electronic and structural phenomena: (i) for the TNiO3 matrixesthe insulationmetal transition, the disproportionation, the magnetic ordering involving two Ni3+ electronic configurations; (ii) for the Cu3+ Oxides: the charge transfert Cu3+ O Cu2+ OL; (iii) in the case of CaMn7O12 matrix two phenomena: a second order structural transition (rhomboedral cubic) (387T455 K), a second order magnetic transition close to 90 K
Berini, Bruno. "Elaboration de couches minces de SmFeO3 et LaNiO3, de structure perovskite, par dépôt laser pulséEtudes associées des transitions de phase à haute température par ellipsométrie spectroscopique in situ." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00243093.
L'étude s'est d'abord focalisée sur la croissance du SFO sur silice amorphe afin de déterminer les conditions de croissance. Les épaisseurs sont mesurées in situ pendant la croissance par ellipsométrie spectroscopique. La variation thermique des indices optiques ainsi que les paramètres de maille présentent deux transitions qui semblent être corrélées aux températures de Curie (Tc) et de réorientation de spin (TRS). Une croissance épitaxiale du SFO (cube sur cube) sur STO (001) a été aussi obtenue. Les mesures magnétiques à l'ambiante (SQUID) montrent que les moments magnétiques pointent dans la direction perpendiculaire au film, c'est à dire suivant c, axe de facile aimantation à haute température (T> TRS) contrairement aux prévisions (axe a).
Une optimisation des températures de substrat et de pression d'oxygène a été ensuite réalisée lors de la croissance épitaxiale (cube sur cube) du LNO sur STO (001). La variation thermique des indices optiques, linéaire, présente un changement de pente dans la gamme [200-300°C]. L'ellipsométrie permet également la détection des transitions métal-isolant associées à la réduction et ré-oxygénation des films. La cinétique de la ré-oxygénation est détaillée ainsi que le contrôle de l'état d'oxydation.
Enfin, nous avons étudié les hétérostructures SFO/LNO/STO et SFOII/LNOII/SFOI/LNOI /STO. Nous avons montré que SFO croit de manière épitaxiale (cube sur cube) sur LNO. L'influence des épaisseurs de SFO et de LNOII sur les propriétés de transport à basse température des empilements est finalement démontrée.
Maurel, Philippe. "Interactions électrons-phonoms intra-moléculaires dans les systèmes unidimensionnels quart-remplis." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30019.
Nájera, Ocampo Oscar. "Study of the dimer Hubbard Model within Dynamical Mean Field Theory and its application to VO₂." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS462/document.
We study in detail the solution of a basic strongly correlated model,namely, the dimer Hubbard model. This model is the simplest realization ofa cluster DMFT problem.We provide a detailed description of the solutions in the ``coexistentregion'' where two (meta)stable states of the DMFT equations are found, onea metal and the other an insulator. Moreover, we describe in detail howthese states break down at their respective critical lines. We clarify thekey role played by the intra-dimer correlation, which here acts in additionto the onsite Coulomb correlations.We review the important issue of the Mott-Peierls insulator crossoverwhere we characterize a variety of physical regimes. In a subtle change inthe electronic structure the Hubbard bands evolve from purely incoherent(Mott) to purely coherent (Peierls) through a state with unexpected mixedcharacter. We find a singlet pairing temperature T* below which thelocalized electrons at each atomic site can bind into a singlet and quenchtheir entropy, this uncovers a new paradigm of a para-magnetic Mottinsulator.Finally, we discuss the relevance of our results for the interpretation ofvarious experimental studies in VO₂. We present a variety of argumentsthat allow us to advance the conclusion that the long-lived (meta-stable)metallic phase, induced in pump-probe experiments, and the thermallyactivated M₁ meta-stable metallic state in nano-domains are the same.In fact, they may all be qualitatively described by the dimerizedcorrelated metal state of our model
Hofheinz, Max. "Blocage de Coulomb dans les transistors silicium à base de nanofils." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131052.
L'îlot de blocage de Coulomb n'est pas formé par des constrictions ou des barrières d'oxyde mais par une modulation du dopage et une grille couvrant la partie centrale du fil. Ces dispositifs sont des transistors mono-électroniques très stables et bien contrôlés.
Quand il ne contient que peu d'électrons, l'îlot est dans un régime localisé où l'espacement entre résonances de Coulomb est très irrégulier. A partir de quelques dizaines d'électrons l'îlot devient diffusif. Dans ce cas les fluctuations de l'espacement entre résonances sont petites et correspondent à l'espacement entre niveaux à une particule.
Le blocage de Coulomb contrôlé permet d'analyser les barrières formées par les parties faiblement dopées du fil. A petite échelle, le remplissage de dopants individuels cause des anomalies dans le spectre de Coulomb qui permettent de remonter à la matrice de capacité, la position approximative, la dynamique et le spin des dopants. A grande échelle l'augmentation de la densité électronique dans les barrières avec la tension de grille entraîne une forte augmentation de la constante diélectrique dans les barrières. Nous observons un bon accord entre constante diélectrique et conductance des barrières via les lois d'échelle de la transition métal-isolant.
Rivas, Mendoza Angel E. "Ondas de densidad de espin en el compuesto casi-2D CuFeTe2 : evidencia directa de la coexistencia de los estados normal y condensado." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30010.
In this thesis work we achieved a rigorous study, by means of different experimental techniques, of the magnetic and electric behavior of the layered compound CuFeTe2. Five samples have been analyzed: four have been prepared by standard melt and anneal techniques and one of them by the Bridgman vertical growth technique. A study of the chemical composition by the EDX technique shows that one of the samples is stoichiometric. The results of X-ray diffraction confirm the tetragonal layered structure of the compound. The magnetic measurements results, performed in a Faraday balance (78-350 K, under a magnetic field of 0. 28 T) and in a SQUID magnetometer (2-320 K, under fields of 35 and 70 G), indicate the appearance of an antiferromagnetic order below about 300 K, with a Pauli paramagnetic behavior above this temperature. This behavior is attributed to the formation of a Spin Density Wave (SDW) state in CuFeTe2. Another element in favor of the existence of the SDW is given by the Mössbauer effect measurements: In the temperature range 2-310 K a variety of spectra are observed, going from an incommensurate magnetic structure, to whom is superposed a non magnetic contribution as temperature raises, until the complete disappearance of the first one. To confirm the itinerant character of the observed magnetism, a spectrum recorded under a magnetic field of 6. 5 T shows that iron doesn't hold a magnetic moment. .
Mansart, Barbara. "Dynamique des électrons et des phonons dans les systèmes fortement corrélés : transition de Mott dans V2O3 et supraconductivité dans les pnictures de fer." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553616.
Vermersch, Benoît. "Dynamique d'un gaz de bosons ultra-froids dans un milieu désordonné : effets des interactions sur la localisation et sur la transition d'Anderson." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10054.
In a disordered potential, the diffusive transport of non-interacting particles can be inhibited, a phenomenon known as Anderson localization. In three dimensions, there exists a quantum phase-transition between localized (insulator) and diffusive (metal) dynamics. A long-standing question is the effect of interactions on such dynamics. The goal of this thesis is to investigate this problem theoretically and numerically in the experimental framework of Bose-Einstein condensates. In one dimension, the interplay between disorder and interactions leads to the existence of three regimes which are characterized with a spectral approach. In three dimensions, using a “quantum simulator” of the 3D Anderson model we show the emergence of sub-diffusion in lieu of Anderson localization. Considering the excitations of the system in the very weakly interacting regime, we also demonstrate that the concept of universality of the Anderson transition also applies to Bogoliubov quasi-particles. Finally, we show the relevance of a new method, the truncated Husimi method, in order to take into account the effect of quantum noise on interacting disordered systems
Bouvier, Clément. "Preuves expérimentales d'un transport de surface sur un isolant topologique 3D HgTe/CdTe sus contrainte." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENY078/document.
This report deal with caracterisation of magnetotransport in HgTe/CdTe structures bulk strained in that a topological surface transport is predicted. This new kind of material is a 3D topological insulator.In this thesis, I will explain what means 3D/2D topological insulator before focusing on II-VI system lijke HgTe/CdTe.Next, I will discuss about growing conditions performed in CEA/Leti and then material caracterisation by X-ray. Surfaces band structures were also, observed by ARPES, underligned in the report.A third part deal with Hall bars design and conception in order to emphasize topological behavior of these surfaces.The last part shows the results obtained on these Hall bars with magnetotransport at low and high magnetic field. Ambipolaire behaviour, non trivial Berry phase, weak antilocalization and the interger quantum hall effect in HgTe/CdTe structures are studied and a possible interpretation of these results are given
Zaabi, Rafika. "Films minces intelligents à propriétés commandables pour des applications électriques et optiques avancées : dopage du dioxyde de vanadium." Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0119/document.
This thesis presents a study of the effect of chromium doping on structural, electrical and optical properties of thin films of vanadium dioxide. These V(1-x)CrxO2 thin films (x from 0 to 25%) of 110 nm thick have been deposited on c sapphire substrate by multi target Pulsed Laser Deposition method. Their morphological, structural, electrical and optical properties have been studied. Different phases for V(1-x)CrxO2 have been identified by XRD and Raman analysis and compared to those of bulk material. M1, M2, M3, a mixture M2 + M3 and R phases are present. The M4 phase has not been detected for doping above 8%, showing a real difference between phase diagram of bulk and thin films. Chromium doping also increases the metal-insulator transition temperature from 68°C to 102°C. Moreover, the transition dynamics, determined using optical transmission and electrical resistivity measurements, decreases. Finally, two terminal switches based on V(1-x)CrxO2 thin films have been fabricated. Their current-voltage characterization showed that chromium doping affects the activation threshold voltage of the metal to insulator transition
Vermersch, Benoît. "Dynamique d'un gaz de bosons ultra-froids dans un milieu désordonné : effets des interactions sur la localisation et sur la transition d'Anderson." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10054/document.
In a disordered potential, the diffusive transport of non-interacting particles can be inhibited, a phenomenon known as Anderson localization. In three dimensions, there exists a quantum phase-transition between localized (insulator) and diffusive (metal) dynamics. A long-standing question is the effect of interactions on such dynamics. The goal of this thesis is to investigate this problem theoretically and numerically in the experimental framework of Bose-Einstein condensates. In one dimension, the interplay between disorder and interactions leads to the existence of three regimes which are characterized with a spectral approach. In three dimensions, using a “quantum simulator” of the 3D Anderson model we show the emergence of sub-diffusion in lieu of Anderson localization. Considering the excitations of the system in the very weakly interacting regime, we also demonstrate that the concept of universality of the Anderson transition also applies to Bogoliubov quasi-particles. Finally, we show the relevance of a new method, the truncated Husimi method, in order to take into account the effect of quantum noise on interacting disordered systems