Дисертації з теми "Disposal Behaviour"
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Koukouvinos, Dimitrios. "Psychosocial Factors Influencing Young Consumers' Clothing Disposal Behaviour in Greece." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16798.
Повний текст джерелаProgram: Master in Fashion Management with specialisation in Fashion Marketing and Retailing
Ardbo, Ebba, and Elvira Ekvall. "Sustainable Disposal Behaviour of the Fast Fashion Consumer : A Practice Perspective." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26406.
Повний текст джерелаHodge, Samantha. "Spatial patterns in serial murder : a conceptual model of disposal site location choice." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266365.
Повний текст джерелаSmith, Kurt. "Radionuclide behaviour in hyperalkaline systems relevant to geological disposal of radioactive waste." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/radionuclide-behaviour-in-hyperalkaline-systems-relevant-to-geological-disposal-of-radioactive-waste(0b04ab1b-4392-4cd3-81d7-c2ba02fd782d).html.
Повний текст джерелаHunter, Michael. "Behaviour of nitrilotriacetic acid in the wastewater disposal and water reuse cycle." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47503.
Повний текст джерелаTitov, Maxim. "Characterisation and final disposal behaviour of thoria based fuel kernels in aqueous phases /." Jülich : Forschungszentrum, Zentralbibliothek, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014565953&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Повний текст джерелаNejedlá, Jana. "Planned obsolescence: Understanding the reality of durable goods obsolescence and consumers' disposal behaviour." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71875.
Повний текст джерелаMeyer, Jonette. "The role of values, beliefs and norms in female consumers' clothing disposal behaviour." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41121.
Повний текст джерелаDissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Consumer Science
unrestricted
Stols, Maria Jacoba. "The influence of pro-environmental motivation and intent on female consumers' apparel disposal behaviour." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60860.
Повний текст джерелаDie klere en tekstiel bedryf speel 'n noodsaaklike rol in die vermindering van natuurlike bronne, besoedeling en ander omgewingsprobleme. Pro-omgewings pogings moet dus aangemoedig word in alle stadiums van die klere voorsienings kettings, maar meer spesifiek ook in die wegdoen fase waarin verbruikers aangemoedig moet word om omgewings vriendelike opsies te oorweeg soos skenking, herwinning en herverkoping. Die doel van hierdie studie was vroulike verbruikers se pro-omgewings klere beskikkings motivering en bedoeling te verken en beskryf in 'n Suid Afrikaanse konteks. Die hipotese en konseptuele raamwerk vir hierdie studie is gebaseer op 'n kombinasie van die Teorie van Beplande Gedrag (TPB) en die Norm Aktiverings Teorie (NAT) se konsepte as die onderliggende motiverende faktore wat bydra tot verbruikers se pro-omgewings wegdoen voorneme. Die navorsing was uitgevoer in Gauteng provinsie, Suid Afrika. Die steekproef het uit 315 vroulike verbruikers bestaan; vroulike verbruikers was van besondere belang aangesien hulle geneig is om betrokke te raak in pro-omgewings gedrag tot 'n groter mate as mans. Hierdie kwantitatiewe studie het 'n deursnit opname-ontwerp gebruik waarvoor 'n Qualtrics web-gebaseerde vraelys ontwikkel is. Die data was ingevoer en verder gekodeer om beskrywende en inferentiële statistiek ontledings te ontwikkel. Die bevindings het aangedui dat die meeste respondente bewus is van hoe die wegdoen van klere die omgewing beïnvloed. Sosiale norme het die respondente se persoonlike norme beïnvloed, asook hul gedragspatrone intensie om pro-omgewings besluite te maak ten opsigte van die wegdoen van klere. Dit blyk dat die houdings van verbruikers hul pro-omgewings gedrags intensie ook aansienlik beïnvloed. In teenstelling hiermee, het waargeneemde gedrags beheer 'n swakker invloed op pro-omgewings voorneme. Die teoretiese bydrae van hierdie studie het betrekking tot die toepaslikheid van TPB en NAT konsepte in 'n plaaslike konteks. In terme van praktiese implikasies, was die gevolgtrekking dat die regering en besighede betrokke moet raak in die bevordering van pro-omgewings wegdoen opsies en die opvoeding van verbruikers oor die voordele van die afhandeling van klere op 'n pro-omgewings wyse.
Dissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Consumer Science
MConsumer Science
Unrestricted
Wang, Qiong. "Hydro-mechanical behaviour of bentonite-based materials used for high-level radioactive waste disposal." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00806392.
Повний текст джерелаHonorio, de Faria Tulio. "Modelling Concrete Behaviour At Early-Age : Multiscale Analysis And Simulation Of A Massive Disposal Structure." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0045/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe accurate prediction of the long and short-term behaviour of concrete structures in the nuclear domain is essential to ensure optimal performances (integrity, containment roperties) during their service life. In the particular case of massive concrete structures, at early age the heat produced by hydration reactions cannot be evacuated fast enough so that high temperatures may be reached and the resulting gradients of temperature might lead to cracking according to the external and internal restraints to which the structures are subjected. The goals of this study are (1) to perform numerical simulations in order to describe and predict the thermo-chemo-mechanical behaviour at early-age of a massive concrete structure devoted to nuclear waste disposal on surface, and (2) to develop and apply upscaling tools to estimate rigorously the key properties of concrete needed in an early-age analysis from the composition of the material. Firstly, a chemo-thermal analysis aims at determining the influence of convection, solar radiation, reradiation and hydration heat on the thermal response of the structure. Practical recommendations regarding concreting temperatures are provided in order to limit the maximum temperature reached within the structure. Then, by means of a mechanical analysis, simplified and more complex (i.e. accounting for coupled creep and damage) modelling strategies are used to assess scenarios involving different boundary conditions defined from the previous chemo-thermal analysis. Secondly, a study accounting for the multiscale character of concrete is performed. A simplified model of cement hydration kinetics is proposed. The evolution of the different phases at the cement paste level can be estimated. Then, analytical and numerical tools to upscale the ageing properties are presented and applied to estimate the mechanical and thermal properties of cementbased materials. Finally, the input data used in the structural analysis are compared with the estimations obtained in the multiscale analysis. To conclude, the entire strategy proposed in this thesis aims at predicting the behaviour of massive concrete structures from the composition of the concrete by means of a sequenced approach: concrete behaviour is estimated using the upscaling tools, providing then the input data to the phenomenological analysis at the structure level
GALLARDO, TERESA, and KRISTA KORKIAKOSKI. "Consumer practices in use and disposal : the sustainable fashion challenge." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18079.
Повний текст джерелаProgram: Master programme in Fashion Management
Ghahremannejad, Behrooz. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviour of Two Reconstituted Clays." University of Sydney. Civil Engineering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/492.
Повний текст джерелаArvidsson, Evelina, and Vera Kling. "Factors influencing the intention to perform in-store recycling : A qualitative study applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour to the Swedish fashion industry." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42345.
Повний текст джерелаWild, Simon Richard. "The fate and behaviour of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludge amended agricultural soils and their uptake by plants." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318212.
Повний текст джерелаNshimirimana, Jules. "Attitudes and behaviour of low-income households towards the management of domestic solid waste in Tafelsig, Mitchell's Plain." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Повний текст джерелаSchröder, Kristin, and Saskia Pietralla. "Generation y’s intention to perform in-store recycling in the fast fashion industry: A combined TPB and NAM approach." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39632.
Повний текст джерелаWeilöv, Amanda, and Matilda Källqvist. "Ett trendigt kretslopp : en studie om konsumenters attityder kring att lämna in sina avlagda kläder till modebutiker." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-226.
Повний текст джерелаAs the consumption of clothing and textiles increase in the world, people tend to throw away more and more clothing into the household waste. Studies show that the average Swedish person buys about 15 kg of clothing every year, of which 8 kg end up in the trashcan. Only 20 % of the total textile waste is being recycled. In spite of the fact that textile recycling has more environmental benefits than for example recycling of newsprint, there is no producer responsibility in the textile industry today, which means that all collecting of textiles is voluntary. Whether a producer responsibility will be mandatory in the industry in the future or not, it requires that all party, both consumer and producer engage in the process of collecting textiles in order for it to work. The purpose of this study was therefor to examine consumers’ attitudes towards the option to submit their unwanted clothing to fashion stores for recycling and reuse. We also wanted to identify the major factors that motivate consumers to submit their clothing to fashion stores in order to find out how producers can respond to consumers preferences. To find out what attitudes consumers' have towards the option to submit their unwanted clothing to fashion stores, we made a survey that contained questions concerning their behaviour; how they presently get rid of their unwanted clothing, the underlying reasons for their habits and their over all opinions regarding the option to submit their unwanted clothing to fashion stores. The result from our survey showed that most consumers, especially women, had a positive attitude towards submitting their unwanted clothing to fashion stores, even though most stated that they had never considered it as an option before our study took place. The fact that most of the respondents lacked knowledge and experience about the possibility to submit their unwanted clothing to fashion stores, made it a bit difficult for us to determine their attitude towards it as an alternative. Factors such as information, accessibility and to help others in need were identified as important by consumers when choosing how to get rid of their unwanted clothing, and should therefore be taken into consideration by fashion stores in the collecting process.
Haque, Md Mominul. "Comparison of behaviour of 1520 mm (60 in.) concrete pipe with sidd design under deep cover." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1176497142.
Повний текст джерелаLang, Linzhi [Verfasser], Jörg [Gutachter] Renner, and Snehasis [Gutachter] Tripathy. "Hydro-mechanical behaviour of bentonite-based materials used for disposal of radioactive wastes / Linzhi Lang ; Gutachter: Jörg Renner, Snehasis Tripathy ; Fakultät für Bau- und Umweltingenieurwissenschaften." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1182682383/34.
Повний текст джерелаWarneryd, Sara, Linnéa Magnusson, and Linnéa Furhammar. "Textilåtervinning och belöningssystem : En kvalitativ studie kring drivkrafterna bakom hållbart konsumentbeteende." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22021.
Повний текст джерелаAs the textile industry grows larger and overall consumption increases, it is important to highlight the issue regarding disposal method of clothes no longer in use. In Sweden, the yearly disposal of textile in household waste amounts to 7.5 kg per capita. There are currently several different disposal options available, such as handing in apparel in-store in exchange for discounts or similar compensation. This study aims to investigate the drivers behind in-store textile recycling and whether initiatives such as discounts can stimulate further consumption rather than promote sustainability. The study is based on ten semi-structured interviews conducted on women aged 20-26. The interview show the participants' habits related to consumption and recycling, but also their attitudes and thoughts about recycling services including discounts, offered by stores. The empirical result has been categorized under four different themes; Sustainability and recycling awareness, Consumption, Attitudes and drivers behind in-store recycling and The importance of discounts. Based on these themes, we have analyzed our results using previous research and relevant literature within the approached field. The result of our study indicates high environmental awareness for all participants and that these are acting conscious to some extent, however not always prioritizing sustainability and environmental objectives. The main reasons for handing in apparel in-store are convenience, economic motives in terms of discounts and the sentiment that stores possess the knowledge of processing the apparel once they have been collected.
Bernarducci, Breanna, and Shepin Chen. "Patient Reported Medication Disposal Behaviors and Perceptions." The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623580.
Повний текст джерелаOBJECTIVES: To determine whether perceptions of drug disposal among patients are driven by environmental concerns or medication diversion, to determine the preferred method of medication disposal, and to identify related demographic characteristics. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross sectional study. The primary dependent variable is patients' perception of medication disposal. The secondary dependent variables include the impact of income and the preferred method of disposal. Demographic variables include age, medication use, education level, gender, and average household income. RESULTS: The paper survey was completed by 86 patients. Overall, study participants were more concerned with environmental concerns (69.6%, p<0.001) rather than with medication diversion (11.4%) or convenience (19.0%). In the disposal of medications, study participants preferred dropping off medications at a pharmacy (43.8%, p<0.001) to disposing medications at a secure drop off point (17.2%) , crushing medications into coffee grounds (28.9%), or mailing medications to a secure federal collection site (10.2%). Income level of the participants had no impact on their perception of drug disposal or preferred method of medication disposal. CONCLUSION: Patients' perception of drug disposal is more related to environmental concerns than with medication diversion or convenience. Patients' preferred method of medication disposal was pharmacy drop-off as opposed to driving to a secure medication drop off point, crushing medications into coffee grounds, or mailing medications to a secure federal site.
Xu, Nan. "Sustainable Waste Treatment : Facilitating sustainable disposal of used garments." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för design (DE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104784.
Повний текст джерелаIida, Yoshihisa. "Study on Migration Behavior of Selenium for Safety Assessment of Radioactive Waste Disposal." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157575.
Повний текст джерелаSwegmark, Maja, Eva Andersson, and Danielle Holmberg. "Oönskade kläder, vart tar de vägen? : En kvalitativ studie om hur unga kvinnoravyttrar sina kläder." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26357.
Повний текст джерелаThe concept of fast fashion has created increased opportunities for consumers to continuously update their clothes in the wardrobe. The constant movement where new clothes are introduced at the same time as garments are disposed contributes to a negative impact on the environment and society. One way for consumers to reduce the impact on the environment is by allowing unwanted clothing to continue to be used using methods such as selling and donating. Nevertheless, numbers show that throwing clothes in the trash is a far too common method by consumers. Therefore it is out of utmost relevance to examine where the clothes go and why they are disposed in a certain way after they have left the wardrobe. Previous studies on disposal behaviour of clothing is mainly of a quantitative nature where the results show that the underlying reason for the choice to dispose of clothes is based on the garment’s properties. Regarding the choice of disposal method, previous studies point instead to the individual's characteristics such as age and interests. Previous studies do not seem to take into account the individual's relationship to the individual garment. Since consumers have different experiences and personalities, it can affect the consumer's view of how they value the individual garment. More qualitative research is therefore needed on how this valuation process works and what factors influence the consumer's choice of disposition. Young women are classified as the consumer group that wants to follow fashion trends and consume the most clothes. Therefore, this study will examine the target group of young women between 20-30 years. The result will contribute to an increased understanding of young women's disposal behavior, which at a later stage can be helpful in promoting disposal methods that prolongs the life of the garment. The study is based on a qualitative method where twelve semi-structured interviews form the basis of the empirical data. The material from the interviews was analyzed using a model that describes various factors, which leads to the consumer's disposal decisions and alternatives. The results showed how young women's disposal decisions were affected by the emotional relationship between the owner and the garment. The relationship is characterized by, among other things, how well the garment matches the individual's self-image and identity and the sentimental value of the garment, such as that the garment marks a significant event in the consumer’s life or is a gift. A disposal decision is also affected by the garment's purchase price, quality, condition, and usability. The consumer's situation such as time or perceived effort affected the disposal decision as well. Furthermore, society has a significant role where information and availability of various disposal alternatives affect how the consumer disposes of her clothes. The methods of disposal that are highlighted in the result are sell, donate, share and throw away. The choice of method is partly based on external factors that refer to infrastructure, partly internal factors that refer to the product and the consumer, but also the relationship between the individual and the garment. Suggestions for further research are to study more types of product categories.
Pahuja, Sanjay 1970. "Capping of very weak dredged materials in confined aquatic disposal : modeling of strength and transport behavior." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87170.
Повний текст джерелаNovak, David C. "Meeting state waste stream reduction mandates through recycling : examining residential waste disposal behavior in rural Virginia /." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01312009-063158/.
Повний текст джерелаEnderle, Larissa, and Carla Leonie Schiele. "Understanding consumers’ perception of the end-of-life of a garment : Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to consumers’ disposal intention." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26370.
Повний текст джерелаSidique, Shaufique Fahmi. "Analysis of recycling behavior, recycling demand, and effectiveness of policies promoting recycling." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Знайти повний текст джерелаAbdi, Hadj. "Mechanical and Hydromechanical Behavior of Host Sedimentary Rocks for Deep Geological Repository for Nuclear Wastes." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30924.
Повний текст джерелаScott, John MacDougall III. "A System Dynamics Model of the Operations, Maintenance and Disposal Costs of New Technologies for Ship Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46266.
Повний текст джерелаMaster of Science
Sands, William A., Wendy L. Kimmel, Brittany R. Wurtz, Michael H. Stone, and Jeni R. McNeal. "Comparison of Commercially Available Disposable Chemical Hand and Foot Warmers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4603.
Повний текст джерелаSaba, Simona. "Comportement hydromécanique différé des barrières ouvragées argileuses gonflantes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00985466.
Повний текст джерелаGodrej, Adil N. "The sorptive behavior of organic compounds on retorted oil shale." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54363.
Повний текст джерелаPh. D.
Ratliff, Brady, Stephanie Mathis, Mina McVeigh, Angela Hagaman, Morgan Jones, and Nicholas Hagemeier. "Count It! Lock It! Drop It!: A Descriptive Analysis of the Intentions and Behaviors of College Students." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/33.
Повний текст джерелаVan, Duyn Lee B. "Evaluation of the Mechanical Behavior of a Metal-Matrix Dispersion Fuel for Plutonium Burning." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5303.
Повний текст джерелаHabitzreuter, Anna Mei [Verfasser], Jörg [Akademischer Betreuer] Königstorfer, Jörg [Gutachter] Königstorfer, and Claas C. [Gutachter] Germelmann. "To Bin or Not to Bin? The Role of Perceived Consumer Effectiveness on Sustainable Disposal Behavior / Anna Mei Habitzreuter ; Gutachter: Jörg Königstorfer, Claas C. Germelmann ; Betreuer: Jörg Königstorfer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1175582735/34.
Повний текст джерелаStöhr, Katharina, and der Woude Jitske van. "Perceived Knowledge, Attitudes, and Self-Efficacy Concerning Textile Waste Prevention Among the Citizens of Malmö." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43645.
Повний текст джерелаVerrelli, D. I. "Drinking water treatment sludge production and dewaterabilityф". D. I. Verrelli, 2008. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/3521.
Повний текст джерелаOne means of dealing with these problems is to dewater the sludge further. This reduces the volume of waste to be disposed of. The consistency is also improved (e.g. for the purpose of landfilling). And a significant amount of water can be recovered. The efficiency, and efficacy, of this process depends on the dewaterability of the sludge.In fact, good dewaterability is vital to the operation of conventional drinking water treatment plants (WTP’s). The usual process of separating the particulates, formed from a blend of contaminants and coagulated precipitate, relies on ‘clarification’ and ‘thickening’, which are essentially settling operations of solid–liquid separation.WTP operators — and researchers — do attempt to measure sludge dewaterability, but usually rely on empirical characterisation techniques that do not tell the full story and can even mislead. Understanding of the physical and chemical nature of the sludge is also surprisingly rudimentary, considering the long history of these processes.
The present work begins by reviewing the current state of knowledge on raw water and sludge composition, with special focus on solid aluminium and iron phases and on fractal aggregate structure. Next the theory of dewatering is examined, with the adopted phenomenological theory contrasted with empirical techniques and other theories.The foundation for subsequent analyses is laid by experimental work which establishes the solid phase density of WTP sludges. Additionally, alum sludges are found to contain pseudoböhmite, while 2-line ferrihydrite and goethite are identified in ferric sludges.
A key hypothesis is that dewaterability is partly determined by the treatment conditions. To investigate this, numerous WTP sludges were studied that had been generated under diverse conditions: some plant samples were obtained, and the remainder were generated in the laboratory (results were consistent). Dewaterability was characterised for each sludge in concentration ranges relevant to settling, centrifugation and filtration using models developed by LANDMAN and WHITE inter alia; it is expressed in terms of both equilibrium and kinetic parameters, py(φ) and R(φ) respectively.This work confirmed that dewaterability is significantly influenced by treatment conditions.The strongest correlations were observed when varying coagulation pH and coagulant dose. At high doses precipitated coagulant controls the sludge behaviour, and dewaterability is poor. Dewaterability deteriorates as pH is increased for high-dose alum sludges; other sludges are less sensitive to pH. These findings can be linked to the faster coagulation dynamics prevailing at high coagulant and alkali dose.Alum and ferric sludges in general had comparable dewaterabilities, and the characteristics of a magnesium sludge were similar too.Small effects on dewaterability were observed in response to variations in raw water organic content and shearing. Polymer flocculation and conditioning appeared mainly to affect dewaterability at low sludge concentrations. Ageing did not produce clear changes in dewaterability.Dense, compact particles are known to dewater better than ‘fluffy’ aggregates or flocs usually encountered in drinking water treatment. This explains the superior dewaterability of a sludge containing powdered activated carbon (PAC). Even greater improvements were observed following a cycle of sludge freezing and thawing for a wide range of WTP sludges.
Further aspects considered in the present work include deviations from simplifying assumptions that are usually made. Specifically: investigation of long-time dewatering behaviour, wall effects, non-isotropic stresses, and reversibility of dewatering (or ‘elasticity’).Several other results and conclusions, of both theoretical and experimental nature, are presented on topics of subsidiary or peripheral interest that are nonetheless important for establishing a reliable basis for research in this area.
This work has proposed links between industrial drinking water coagulation conditions, sludge dewaterability from settling to filtration, and the microstructure of the aggregates making up that sludge. This information can be used when considering the operation or design of a WTP in order to optimise sludge dewaterability, within the constraints of producing drinking water of acceptable quality.
Chaineau, Claude-Henri. "Devenir et effets des hydocarbures dans le cas de l'épandage extensif de déblais de forage en agrosystème." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL150N.
Повний текст джерелаAkinyemi, Segun Ajayi. "Geochemical and mineralogical evaluation of toxic contaminants mobility in weathered coal fly ash: as a case study, Tutuka dump site, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1226_1360593017.
Повний текст джерелаThe management and disposal of huge volumes of coal combustion by products such as fly ash has constituted a major challenge to the environment. In most cases due to the inadequate alternative use of coal fly ash, the discarded waste is stored in holding ponds, slag heaps, or stock piled in ash dumps. This practice has raised concerns on the prospect of inorganic metals release to the surface and groundwater in the vicinity of the ash dump. Acceptable scientific studies are lacking to determine the best ash disposal practices. Moreover, knowledge about the mobility patterns of inorganic species as a function of mineralogical association or pH susceptibility of the dry disposed ash dump under natural weathering conditions are scarce in the literature. Fundamental understanding of chemical interactions of dry disposed ash with ingressed CO2 from atmosphere, percolating rain water and brine irrigation within ash disposal sites were seen as key areas requiring investigation. The mineralogical association of inorganic species in the dry disposed ash cores can be identified and quantified. This would provide a basis for understanding of chemical weathering, mineralogical transformations or mobility patterns of these inorganic species in the dry ash disposal scenario. The current study therefore aims to provide a comprehensive characterisation of weathered dry disposed ash cores, to reveal mobility patterns of chemical species as a function of depth and age of ash, with a view to assessing the potential environmental impacts. Fifty-nine samples were taken from 3 drilled cores obtained respectively from the 1 year, 8 year and 20-year-old sections of sequentially dumped, 
weathered, dry disposed ash in an ash dump site at Tutuka - a South African coal burning power station. The core samples were characterized using standard analytical procedures viz: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) techniques, Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and Acid neutralisation capacity (ANC) test. A modified sequential extraction (SE) method was used in this study. The chemical partitioning, mobility and weathering patterns in 1 year, 8 year and 20-year-old sections of the ash dump were respectively investigated using this modified sequential extraction scheme. The sequence of the extractions was as follows: (1) water soluble, (2) exchangeable, (3) carbonate, (4) iron and manganese and (5) residual. The results obtained from the 5 steps sequential extraction scheme were validated with the total metal content of the original sample using mass balance method. The distribution of major and trace elements in the different liquid fractions obtained after each step of sequential extraction of the 59 drilled core samples was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The data generated for various ash core samples were explored for the systematic analysis of mineralogical transformation and change in ash chemistry with ageing of the ash. Furthermore, the data was analyzed to reveal the impact of ingressed CO2 from atmosphere, infiltrating rain water and brine irrigation on the chemistry of ash core samples. Major mineral phases in original ash core samples prior to extraction are quartz (SiO2) and mullite (3Al2O3·
2SiO2). Other minor mineral phases identified were hematite (Fe2O3), calcite (CaCO3), lime (CaO), anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8), mica (Ca (Mg, Al)3 (Al3Si) O10 (OH)2), and enstatite (Mg2Si2O6). X-ray diffraction results show significant loss of crystallinity in the older ash cores. The presence of minor phases of calcite and mica in dry disposed ash cores are attributed to reduction in the pore water pH due to hydration, carbonation and pozzolanic reactions. The X-ray diffraction technique was unable to detect Fe-oxyhydroxide phase and morealuminosilicate phases in ash core samples due to their low abundance and amorphous character. X-ray fluorescence results of the original ash core samples showed the presence of major oxides, such as SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, while CaO, K2O, TiO2, Na2O, MnO, MgO, P2O5, and SO3 occur in minor concentrations. The ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 classified the original core samples prior to extraction as a silico-aluminate class F fly ash. The ternary plot of major elements in 1-year-old ash core samples was both sialic and ferrocalsialic but 8 year and 20-year-old ash core samples were sialic in chemical composition. It is noteworthy that the mass % of SiO2 varies through the depth of the core with an increase of nearly 3 %, to 58 mass % of SiO2 at a depth of 6 m in the 1-year-old core whereas in the case of the 8-year-old core a 2 % increase of SiO2 to a level of 57.5 mass % can be observed at levels between 4-8 m, showing dissolution of major components in the matrix of older ash cores.. The Na2O content of the Tutuka ash cores was low and varied between 0.6-1.1 mass % for 1-year-old ash cores to around 0.6-0.8 mass % for 8-year-old ash cores. Sodium levels were higher in 1-year-old ash cores compared to 8 year and 20-year-old ashcores. Observed trends indicate that quick weathering of the ash (within a year) leached out Na+ from the ash dump. No evidence of Na+ encapsulation even though the ash dump was brine irrigated. Thus the dry disposal ash placement method does not result in a sustainable salt sink for Na-containing species over time. The total content of each of the elements in 1 year and 20-year-old ash cores was normalised with their total content in fresh ash from same power station to show enrichment and depletion factor. Major elements such as K+, Mn showed enrichment in 1-year-old ash cores whereas Al, Si, Na+, Ti, Ca, Mg, S and Fe showed depletion due to over time erosion. Trace elements such as Cr, Sr, P, Ba, Pb, V and Zn showed enrichment but Ni, Y, Zr showed depletion attributed to over time erosion. In 20-year-old ash cores, major elements such as Al, Na+ and Mn showed enrichment while Si, K+, Fe, Mg and Ca showed depletion highlighting their mobility. Trends indicated intensive flushing of major soluble components such as buffering constituents (CaO) by percolating rain water. The 1-year-old and 20-year-old coal ash cores showed a lower pH and greater loss/depletion of the soluble buffering constituents than the 2-week-old placed ash, indicating significant chemical weathering within a year. Based 
on ANC results the leaching behaviours of Ca, Mg, Na+, K+, Se, Cr, and Sr were found to be controlled by the pH of the leachant indicating high mobility of major soluble species in the ash cores when in contact with slightly acid rain water. Other investigated toxic metals such as As, Mo and Pb showed amphoteric behaviour with respect to the pH of the leachant. Chemical alterations and formation of transient minor secondary mineral phases was found to have a significant effect on the acid susceptibility and depletion pattern of chemical species in the core ash samples when compared to fresh ash. These ANC results correlated well with the data generated from the sequential extraction scheme. Based on sequential extraction results elements, showed noticeable mobility in the water soluble, exchangeable and carbonate fractions due to adsorption and desorption caused by variations in the pore water pH. In contrast, slight mobility of elements in the Fe and Mn, and residual fractions of dry disposed fly ashes are attributed to the co-precipitation and dissolution of minor amount of less soluble secondary phase overtime. The 1-year-old dry disposed ash cores were the least weathered among the 3 drilled ash cores. Therefore low concentration of toxic metals in older ash cores were ascribed to extensive weathering with slower release from residual mineral phases over time. Elements were found to associate with different mineral phases depending on the age or depth of the core samples showing greater heterogeneity in dispersion. For instance the average amount of total calcium in different mineral associations of 1-year-old ash cores is as follows
water soluble (10.2 %), exchangeable (37.04 %), carbonate (37.9 %), Fe and Mn (7.1 %) and residual (2.97 %). The amount of total Na+ in different mineral phases of 1-year-old ash cores followed this trend: water soluble (21 %), exchangeable (11.26 %), carbonate (2.6 %), Fe and Mn (4.7 %) and residual (53.9 %). The non-leachable portion of the total Na+ content (namely that contained in the residual fraction) in the 1-year-old ash core samples under conditions found in nature ranged between 5-91 %. This non-leachable portion of the Na+ showed the metastability of the mineral phases with which residual Na+ associates. Results showed older ash cores are enriched in toxic elements. Toxic elements such as As, B, Cr, Mo and Pb are enriched in the residual fraction of older ash cores. For instance As concentration in the residual fraction varied between 0.0003- 0.00043 mg kg-1 for 1-year-old ash cores to around 0.0003-0.0015 mg kg-1 for 20-year-old ash cores. This suggests that the older ash is enriched in toxic elements hence dust from the ash dump would be toxic to human health. The knowledge of mobility and ecotoxicological significance of coal fly ash is needed when considering its disposal or reuse in the environment. The mobility and ecotoxicology of inorganic metals in coal fly ash are determined by (i) mineralogical associations of inorganic species (ii) in-homogeneity in the ash dumps (iii) long and short term exposure to ingress CO2 and percolating rain water. Management issues such as inconsistent placement of ash in the dumps, poor choice of ash dump site, in-homogeneity in brine irrigation, no record of salt load put on the ash dumps and lack of proper monitoring requires improvement. The thesis provides justification for the use of the modified sequential extraction scheme as a predictive tool and could be employed in a similar research work. This thesis also proved that the dry ash disposal method was not environmental friendly in terms of overall leaching potential after significant chemical weathering. Moreover the study proved that the practice of brine co-disposal or irrigation on ash dumps is not sustainable as the ash dump did not act as a salt sink.
Godfrey, Linda Keren. "The role of waste data in changing behaviour : the case of the South African waste information system (SAWIS)." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8355.
Повний текст джерелаThesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
Chauque, Eutilério Felizardo Crisino. "Monitoring of physico-chemical parameters and the behaviour of zinc oxide nanoparticles in a simulated wastewater treatment plant." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/11321.
Повний текст джерелаIn this study the stability as well as the fate and behavior of ZnO engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in municipal wastewater systems were investigated. The first part of the study examined the influence of pH and ionic strength on the stability of ZnO ENPs in domestic wastewater to elucidate the dynamic changes on the ENPs physicochemical characteristics (e.g. aggregation or dissolution). The ZnO ENPs obtained commercially were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), BET surface area determination, and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). Results derived from inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for zinc analysis indicated a decrease on the released zinc concentration from wastewater as the pH and ionic strength increased. Conversely, an increase on zinc concentration from the sludge was observed. The findings suggest the removal of ZnO ENPs from the influent wastewater as the sludge settled out, and the removal efficiency was directly proportional to ionic strength and pH. In addition, the ZnO ENPs suspension in the wastewater was used to monitor the particle size distribution using the dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS). The formation of agglomerates was observed which the TEM and EDS analysis confirmed to be ZnO aggregates. The distribution of zinc in the sludge was investigated using XRD analysis and the findings indicated partial sedimentation of ZnO ENPs as the sludge settled out. The second part of the study assessed the fate and behavior of ZnO ENPs in wastewater treatment systems. This study was carried out in a simulated activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (AS WWTP), constructed in accordance to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD 303 A) guidelines. Results from the ICP-OES analysis for zinc indicated 50 – 200 μgL-1 and about 3 000 mgkg-1 were released into the effluent and sludge, respectively, after spiking the influent wastewater with 5 mgL-1 ZnO ENPs. Moreover, we noted that increasing the ZnO ENPs concentration up to 20 mgL-1 resulted in a linear increase in the zinc releases into effluent wastewater. However, the increase was insignificant in comparison to the zinc found in the control unit. Therefore, the findings indicated that ZnO ENPs had stronger affinity for the suspended bio-solids during wastewater treatment, and postulated that the ENPs removal from the influent wastewater was due to bio-sorption, and bio-solid settling mechanisms. These were confirmed by results from XRD and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) analysis of the sludge as they showed the presence of ZnO in the sludge. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were concurrently monitored during the ENPs exposure studies to indirectly assess the ZnO ENPs impact to the bacterial degradation of the organic matter. An average of 43 and 91 % for DOC and COD removal efficiencies, respectively, were observed throughout the study. Overall, from results obtained indicated the suitability of the OECD 303 A method to assess the fate and behavior of ZnO ENPs in WWTPs. Secondly, in light of low concentrations of ZnO ENPs found in the treated effluent due to their removal with the waste activated sludge (WAS), suggest low likelihood of ZnO ENPs release and dispersion into the aquatic systems from WWTPs as point sources. Finally, the elevated concentrations of ZnO ENPs in the sludge therefore necessitates additional treatment steps to ensure mitigation of possible dispersion of ENPs from various disposal mechanisms such as landfilling, incineration, and agricultural applications.
McKnight-Yeates, Lisa. "Out Of Sight, Out Of Mind: What Influences Our Perception of Waste and Activates Our Intention to Live More Sustainably?" 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10170/135.
Повний текст джерелаDube, Innocent. "Assessment of waste management practices in the informal business sector in Olievenhoutbosch township, Pretoria." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23265.
Повний текст джерелаEnvironmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Science)
Mien, Lien, and 連綿. "The Association between Auditing Policy of Recycling, Clearance and Disposal Fee and Evasion Behavior." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72795838402525803263.
Повний текст джерела東海大學
會計學系
101
Environmental Protection Adminstration(EPA)to promote waste source minimization and resource recycling system for responsible enterprises who manufacture or importation with goods or containers, and resulting in serious environmental pollution, that will be collected reclcying, clearance and disposal fees. Now the EPA give CPA firm powerful to auditing the responsible enterprises what recycling, clearance and disposal fees . Auditing reclcying, clearance and disposal fees, that it’s according with the Administrative Procedure Act of Article 131, what viewing the CPA firm to execute auditing procedure within five years in each responsible enterprises. However, it is actually has 113 responsible enterprises never been audited with CPA firm.Using Tobit model to investigate the auditing procedure in recycling, clearance and disposal fees and evasion behavior relationships. The auditing procedure which it were separate two types, the one is a continuous period who was be audited, and the other is discontinuously times who was be audited. There are some interesting findings from this study. First, it will detecting since the responsible enterprise had longer auditing period or more auditing times that the evasion behavior is more serious than shorter period or less times in the auditing period from 1999 to 2011. Second when the responsible enterprise has reported more recycling, clearance and disposal fees and debt ration、lower quick ration、reported category is container and north area, that these are more serious evasion behavior. Besides, construction sector or transportation and warehousing has less evasion behavior than manufacturing sector. The finding of this study that it’s could be without the penalty in the illegal responsible enterprise lead to arrogant evasion behavior of reported recycling, clearance and disposal fees. So, this study suggest EPA in next term of auditing that the debt ratio、quick ratio、register area、industry and so on has to audit priority.
Tsai, Wwi-lin, and 蔡衛霖. "Thermo-Mechanical Behaviors of Near Field Rocks on The Geological Disposal for Nuclear Waste." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22424731522498455351.
Повний текст джерела國立成功大學
資源工程學系碩博士班
95
Because of inherent radioactivity, the spent nuclear fuel would threaten our environment and the biosphere. We must take steps to permanently exclude the spent nuclear fuel away from our activity environment in order to avoid any possible danger. The method of deep geological disposal is regarded by the leading countries of the advanced technology in nuclear as the most stable and safe method. This research is based upon the idea of deep geological disposal proposed by the Swedish research groups. This thesis considered many factors, including the thermal and mechanical properties of the bentonite and backfill. By using the numerical analysis package, FLAC3D, this thesis attempted to analyze the distributions of the temperature and mechanical fields of the geological repository disturbed by waste canisters. Several scenarios are taken into account: a single storage hole of different initial temperatures, and two-storage-hole and two-tunnel of different distances. This thesis suggests that the appropriate distances between canisters are 6~8m and those from tunnel to tunnel are 25m under the conditions of initial temperature 26∼28℃ and 500m in-situ in Taiwan crystalline bedrock. Through stress analysis, this study shows that the tensile regions are the most critical ones where should be reinforced to ensure the capability of isolation of the disposal site.
HUA, TSENG SHU, and 曾恕華. "A Study of the disposal strategies using by elementary school teachers in KeeLung of bullying behavior." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77131595163931809673.
Повний текст джерела國立花蓮教育大學
學校行政碩士學位班
95
A Study of the disposal strategies using by elementary school teachers in KeeLung of bullying behavior Abstract This study aims at probing analysis the sixth graders bullying behavior and the disposal strategies of their teachers. Begin on a frame of campus violence ,and based on the result from yi ling Wang(1995), chun jin Xu, wen yen Xie , wen yong Zhon(1996), yu chan Li(1996), Curwin and Mendler(1997), pei li Wu(2000),will focus on the strategies of teachers how to deal with their students bullying behavior. Literature review, Delphi, and interviews were employed in this study. The samples were 312 sixth graders elementary school students in KeeLung. The collected data were analyzed by using the following statistical procedures: Descriptive statistics, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The main finding were as follows: 1. The elementary school students in KeeLung had bullying behavior far and wide. But bullying order of severity to be medium, still not extremely was serious. 2. There is a significant difference between the students of different background teachers, but no difference between the management orientations. 3. Most teachers in Keelung using the teacher control to deal with their students bullying behavior, the counseling strategy Second, the self-control strategy third, adopts the request assistance strategy to be least. 4. There is a significant difference between the disposal strategies of different background teachers. 5. There is a significant difference between the disposal strategies teachers used of different bullying behavior. The findings showed the state of students bullying and the disposal strategies of the teachers, then exploring the relationship between all kinds of bullying behavior and the disposal strategies, and some concrete suggestions of campus violence in elementary schools were proposed at the end of this study Keywords:Bullying ,Campus Violence , Delphi
Tu, Li-Feng, and 凃麗鳳. "The Study of Garbage Disposal Behavior and Environmental Attitude on Elementary School Children-- Case of Beidou Elementary School, Changhua County." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/sm9bpm.
Повний текст джерела大葉大學
工學院碩士在職專班
99
In this study the investigations on students’ environmental attitude and their garbage disposal behavior in Beidou Elementary School, Changhua County were carried out. There are four major factors concerned and analyzed, which are students’ grade, sex, and the experience of recycling volunteers or other types of volunteers. A questionnaire survey was designed and conducted for all the students from the third grade to sixth grade. A response return rate of 100% with 540 effective questionnaires is well-done. The results are shown as following: 1. Grade: The students of third and fourth grades are more concerned about the environment than those students of fifth and sixth grades. No obvious difference for garbage disposal behavior within those students of all grades. 2. Sex: female students are more concerned about the environment than male ones. So as the results for recycling. 3. For those students as recycling volunteers themselves or their family members as recycling volunteers their environmental attitude is better than those students who are not recycling volunteers themselves and neither are their family members. 4. No obvious difference for environmental attitude between those students with or without experience of other types of volunteer. Nevertheless, those students with experience of other types of volunteer can do better in garbage disposal behavior. 5. The more students concerning to care about the environment, the better they do their recycling work. 6. The results of semi-structural questionnaire survey show why recycling is poorly done. The major reason is that students think recycling is some kind of troublesome business. The second reason is that they have no motivation to do recycling and they also don’t know how to do it. The third reason is that they have trouble finding recycling bins outside the school. At last, based on the findings in this research, some suggestions would be useful for practice of environmental attitude and garbage disposal behavior, so as future related research.
CHEN, MING-CHIN, and 陳明進. "Research on Behavior Responsibility of Article 27 of the Waste Disposal Act — Focus on the Cases of the Administrative Appeals." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/v7nmt4.
Повний текст джерела國立高雄大學
政治法律學系碩士班
106
Abstract The constitution is an abstract administrative law. Administrative law is a specific constitution. However, no matter how specific the administrative law is, the administrative law will still create "loopholes" and will not be followed. Therefore, in the light of the changes of the times and the practical and academic consideration, there is a need for a timely revision of the law. Administrative law involves a wide range which birth, senility, illness and death are included, that is, people from birth to death in the process of administrative law has a very close relationship. In highly developed countries, people's right to be free from environmental pollution has become one of the most sought-after rights. Therefore, "environmental protection" has become a worldwide trend and all governments are moving toward "green countries", and that is one of the important policy guidelines. In addition, environmental legislation has not only made great strides in quantity, but also continuously improved itself in quality. It has also become the primary task of all countries and the consensuses of the community. The Waste Disposal Act was promulgated on July 26, 1974 and has been amended several times. The current version of the law was amended and promulgated on June 14, 2017, with a total of 77 articles. The provisions of Article 27 of the Act are about "behavior responsibility" (behavioral punishment), and the object of punishment should be the actual ones. The provisions have relavant theoretical support but in practice there are many doubts. In particular, the administrative sanctions according to the above regulations were revoked because of the reasons such as "gender incompatibility", "age discrepancy", "appearance discrepancy", "legal person (juridical person)", "alibi", and so on. And that kind of revocation has become an aging difficult issue and hidden worry. “The people shall have the right of presenting petitions, lodging complaints, or instituting legal proceedings.” Article 16 of Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan) expressly stated. If the people are dissatisfied with the administrative sanctions they have suffered, they may file their appeals in accordance with Paragraph 1 of Article 1 of the Administrative Appeal Act: " Anyone who’s right or interest was unlawfully or improperly injured by a center or local government agency’s administrative action is entitled to file an administrative appeal according to this Act, provided that other Acts stipulated otherwise." and article 14, paragraph 1:"An administrative appeal shall be filed within 30 days since one day after the date which administrative action is served or the expiration date of its publication period." Therefore, in order to seek a balance mechanism and solutions under the conflict between public welfare and people's relief rights and interests, this article explores the substantive and theoretical controversy about "behavior responsibility" in Article 27 of the Waste Disposal Act. The main areas include the Administrative Procedure Act, the Administrative Penalty Act, the Administrative Appeal Act, and so forth. Through the research of related literatures, cases and interviews, this article hopes to find solutions and provide suggestions for the insufficiency of current acts, laws and regulations, and the plight of practical operation. Keywords: Waste Disposal Act, behavioral punishment, behavior responsibility (the responsibility that arises from the obligor's Conduct), state responsibility (the responsibility that arises from the condition of the property), burden of proof, duty of cooperation (cooperative obligation), joint liability.