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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Dislocations dans les métaux – Densité"
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Статті в журналах з теми "Dislocations dans les métaux – Densité"
Quentin, A., and A. Pellet. "Détermination du fond géochimique pour les métaux dissous dans les eaux de surface du bassin Seine-Normandie." Techniques Sciences Méthodes, no. 9 (September 2019): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201909033.
Повний текст джерелаAmiard, J. C., C. Metayer, J. P. Baud, and F. Ribeyre. "Influence de divers facteurs écologiques sur la bioaccumulation d'éléments métalliques (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) chez de jeunes palourdes (Ruditapes philippinarum) au cours du prégrossissement en nourricerie." Revue des sciences de l'eau 4, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705109ar.
Повний текст джерелаMliki, N., M. Ben Salem, and B. Yangui. "Parois de domaines ferroélastiques dans BLn2O3. Déscription en terme de densité de dislocations." Physica Status Solidi (a) 116, no. 2 (December 16, 1989): 669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.2211160225.
Повний текст джерелаDiouf, Ibrahima, Patrick Drogui, El Hadji Moussa Diop, Sidy Mambaye Lo, Michel Rumeau, and Codou Guèye Mar Dop. "Dégradation du cristal violet par électro-oxydation sur électrodes de Ti/TiO2 et Ti/TrO2-RuO2 : étude de l’influence des paramètres opératoires sur l’efficacité du procédé." Revue des sciences de l’eau 31, no. 4 (January 21, 2019): 327–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055592ar.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Dislocations dans les métaux – Densité"
Christiaen, Benjamin. "Modélisation multi-échelle de la déformation d’alliage de zirconium sous irradiation." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R008/document.
Повний текст джерелаZirconium alloys are used to manufacture fuel cladding as well as fuel assemblies of pressurized water nuclear reactors. Under irradiation, they show a dimensional change commonly called growth. Experimental observations have shown that above a threshold dose, these alloys are subject to accelerated growth called "breakaway". It has been well established that the irradiation formation of and dislocation loops is directly responsible for the growth of irradiated zirconium alloys and that the appearance of loops is correlated with this growth acceleration. However, the nucleation mechanisms of the loops that seem to be influenced by the presence of alloying elements are still poorly understood. In order to improve our understanding, a multi-scale modelling approach has been used to simulate the evolution of zirconium microstructure under irradiation. Atomic-scale calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) and empirical potentials are used to determine the properties of clusters of point defects (dislocation loops, cavities, pyramids of stacking faults). The results obtained are then used as input parameters of an object kinetic Monte Carlo (OKMC) code which allows us to simulate the microstructure evolution of the material under irradiation. Our results show that it is necessary to consider an anisotropic migration of the vacancies to predict the growth acceleration
Al, Zohbi Maryam. "Contributions to the existence, uniqueness, and contraction of the solutions to some evolutionary partial differential equations." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2646.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we are mainly interested in the theoretical and numerical study of certain equations that describe the dynamics of dislocation densities. Dislocations are microscopic defects in materials, which move under the effect of an external stress. As a first work, we prove a global in time existence result of a discontinuous solution to a diagonal hyperbolic system, which is not necessarily strictly hyperbolic, in one space dimension. Then in another work, we broaden our scope by proving a similar result to a non-linear eikonal system, which is in fact a generalization of the hyperbolic system studied first. We also prove the existence and uniqueness of a continuous solution to the eikonal system. After that, we study this system numerically in a third work through proposing a finite difference scheme approximating it, of which we prove the convergence to the continuous problem, strengthening our outcomes with some numerical simulations. On a different direction, we were enthused by the theory of differential contraction to evolutionary equations. By introducing a new distance, we create a new family of contracting positive solutions to the evolutionary p-Laplacian equation
Goncalves, Diogo. "Modélisation polycristalline du comportement élasto-viscoplastique des aciers inoxydables austénitiques 316L(N) sur une large gamme de chargements : application à l'étude du comportement cyclique à température élevée." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS089/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe 316L(N) stainless steels is the reference material for the primary circuit structures of fourth-generation nuclear reactors. This alloy present high mechanical resistance at the operation temperature range of these reactors, of the order of 550 °C. This PhD allowed to develop a polycrystalline model based on the description of the viscoplastic dislocation slip at high temperatures, with straightforward implementation and with identification of a limited number of material parameters. The modeling process was progressive. In a first step, we proposed and validated a mean-field elastic-viscoplastic homogenization law, in comparison to numerous finite element calculations, considering crystalline plastic hardening and crystalline viscosity. Then, a model of crystalline viscoplasticity, based on the evolution laws of the different dislocations densities was implemented and the predictions were validated considering a very large number of experimental results at low temperature. The model was then enhanced to take into account the additional physical mechanisms observed at high temperature, such as dislocation climb, dynamic strain aging and the appearance of a very heterogeneous dislocation structure. The proposed model requires the adjustment of only three parameters by inverse identification, using only monotonic tensile tests at different strain rates. The mechanical behavior predictions in uniaxial and cyclic loading are also in good agreement with experimental measurements at high temperature
Dezerald, Lucile. "Modélisation ab-initio des dislocations dans les métaux de transition cubiques centrés." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI048.
Повний текст джерелаWe performed electronic structure ab initio calculations based on density functional theory(DFT) to study the h111i screw dislocation properties in body-centered cubic transition metals(V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W and Fe). In all investigated elements, the nondegenerate easy coreis the minimum energy configuration and the split core configuration has a high energy nearor above that of the hard core, contrary to interatomic potential predictions. A strong groupdependence of the core energy of the easy dislocation is also evidenced, related to the positionof the Fermi level with respect to the minimum of the pseudogap of the electronic density ofstates. Our work also reveals an atypical behavior in Fe, with a low relative energy at the hardcore position, close to that of the saddle configuration between easy cores, resulting in a flatPeierls potential around the hard core configuration, at variance with other elements. Fromthese DFT calculations, the two-dimensional energetic landscape in the {111} plane (Peierlspotential) is constructed and we investigated several properties of dislocation glide and in particular,the kink-pair formation enthalpy, as well as the dependence of the Peierls stress oncrystal orientation. We proposed a simple modification to the Schmid law that takes accountof the non-straight trajectory of the dislocation and that qualitatively explains why the twinning/antitwinning asymmetry is less pronounced in Fe than in other body-centered cubic metals
Geslin, Pierre-Antoine. "Contribution à la modélisation champs de phase des dislocations." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066608.
Повний текст джерелаThe plastic behavior of metallic alloys is often influenced by the interactions between second phase precipitates and dislocations. The dynamics of these linear defects can be investigated by phase-field methods whose main advantage is their variational nature, which enables a natural coupling with the dynamics of other defects (solute atoms, vacancies, second phase precipitates. . . ). The purpose of this thesis is to develop phase field models able to study dislocations behavior, their interactions with second phase precipitates and climb mechanisms by vacancy absorption/emission. We first propose an elastically non-linear phase-field model that naturally accounts for dislocations glide, nucleation and cross-slip. Using this model, we confirm that coherency loss of precipitates can occur by prismatic punching mechanisms, as proposed in previous studies. Then, we propose a coupling between this approach and a phase field model for microstructural evolutions and apply it to the analysis of AlS_3SSc precipitates in an aluminum matrix. We show that dislocations can modify significantly the precipitate interface morphology, which in turn can influence the mechanical response of the alloy. Finally, we propose a phase-field model for dislocation climb by vacancy diffusion and absorption/emission. We specially investigate the limiting character of the absorption/emission mechanisms at the dislocation core
Langlois, Laurent. "Évolutions propres de la microstructure de dislocations et conséquences sur le comportement élastoplastique des métaux." Metz, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2000/Langlois.Laurent.SMZ0023.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаSchmitt, Jean-Hubert. "Contribution à l'étude de la micro-macroplasticité des aciers." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0031.
Повний текст джерелаJacques, Vincent. "Application de la diffraction cohérente des rayons X à l’étude de défauts topologiques dans les structures atomiques et électroniques." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112244.
Повний текст джерелаIn the present work, coherent x-ray diffraction has been used to highlight various physical phenomena. In most cases, the detection of topological defects allows drawing conclusions about the order or disorder in the periodic arrangements, and coherent x-ray diffraction is well suited for their detection. First of all, the notion of coherence will be exposed, and the main characteistics of the profiles obtained by coherent x-ray diffraction when a topological defect is present in the illuminated volume will be exposed through measurements carried out in a silicon sample containing well-known dislocation loops. This technique was then used for the study of electronic crystals, such as incommensurate Charge Density Wave (CDW) and Spin Density Wave (SDW) compounds. Several systems were studied : pure monocrystalline chromium, blue bronze K0. 3M0O3, and NbSe 3. In the case of chromium, our results show that the SDW and the CDW behave differently, and are not organized the same way, which raises the question of the link between these two modulations. Besides, an isolated bulk magnetic dislocation was detected, and allowed to extract the SDW force constant of chromium. Blue bronze and NbSe3 were studied under electric field, in the sliding CDW state. A very long range order was observed in this regime. A description in terms of a soliton-like lattice is proposed
Moulin, Antoine. "Etude de la plasticité du silicium à une échelle mésoscopique par simulation numérique 3D." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0542.
Повний текст джерелаBelabbas, Imad. "Simulation à l’échelle atomique des cœurs de dislocations dans le nitrure de gallium." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2009.
Повний текст джерелаIn the state of art of atomistic simulations, we have investigated energetics, atomic and electronic structures of different core configurations of prismatic and basal dislocations in wurtzite GaN. For that purpose, we have used three different methods: ab-initio DFT, tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) and an empirical potential (Modified Stillinger-Weber). We have provided the first atomistic models for the mixed dislocation core, where the configuration with a double 5/6-atoms ring corresponds to the structure already observed by Z-contrast imaging. We have also proposed, for the screw dislocation, a new core configuration, with a double 6-atoms ring, which is more energetically favourable than the configuration, with a single 6-atoms ring, known up to now. For this dislocation, we have, moreover, shown the presence of extended channels running along the core that may be at the origin of leakage currents, usually observed in GaN based devices. In case of basal dislocations, we have demonstrated for screw dislocations that the most energetically favourable core configuration belongs to the shuffle set, while a complete reconstruction of dangling bonds at the core of glide configurations do not lead necessarily to a lowering in core energy. For the mixed 60° dislocation, we have shown that the most energetically favourable core belongs to the glide set and possesses nitrogen polarity. A shuffle configuration with a complex 5/8/5-atoms ring structure, that contains wrong bonds, was found to be energetically favourable for the edge dislocation. This configuration is expected to result from a 90° bending of a screw dislocation with a double 6-atoms ring core during an ELO growth. All the core configurations of the edge dislocation were found to exhibit a large stress field. This may be a driving force for contamination of GaN layers grown by ELO with Si and O atoms which form the mask